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Open Access Article
1 - The relationship between strategic thinking and readiness for organizational change in Khorasan Razavi airport
Mahmoud Ghorbani Mohammadbager GhasemzadehThis study aimed to identify the relationship between strategic thinking of managers and their readiness for organizational change was carried out at the airport of Khorasan Razavi province, and applied research in the field of non-causal research, descriptive analytica MoreThis study aimed to identify the relationship between strategic thinking of managers and their readiness for organizational change was carried out at the airport of Khorasan Razavi province, and applied research in the field of non-causal research, descriptive analytical hypothesis is detection. The study population consisted of 146 managers and employees airport. In this study, to collect data to determine the strategic thinking of managers and questionnaire of readiness for organizational change Gutter John and Peter Drucker, was used. To analyze the data and test research hypotheses, the normality of the data distribution and kurtosis parameters were evaluated. Based on the results of the Pearson correlation test we can say: Between systems thinking and organizational change readiness for a significant positive relationship exists between strategic intent and readiness for organizational change is a significant positive relationship exists between the scientific approach and the readiness for organizational change on the basis of a significant positive relationship exists between bringing intelligence and readiness for organizational change there is a significant positive relationship; The thinking at the time and the readiness for organizational change there is a significant positive relationship between strategic thinking and a total readiness for organizational change at airports in Khorasan Razavi province there is a significant positive relationship. Based on the results, it is suggested a model for the implementation of strategic thinking in the development of airports in Khorasan Razavi province and their performance is evaluated accordingly to organizational change for improving performance of observable and measurable . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Photodetachment cross-section evaluation using asymptotic considerations
Philippe Babilotte Mickael Vandevraye -
Open Access Article
3 - The right to terminate contracts covered by the e-commerce law
SHOKROLAH NIKVAND Habib AsadyIn contracts, either party can terminate the contract based on one of the options of civil law. Most of these options can be found in all contracts. In this article, the author seeks to answer the question of whether in e-commerce contracts that are subject to special l MoreIn contracts, either party can terminate the contract based on one of the options of civil law. Most of these options can be found in all contracts. In this article, the author seeks to answer the question of whether in e-commerce contracts that are subject to special law, one of the parties can invoke one of the options of civil law to terminate the contracts? In this regard, the works of some available authors were reviewed and they followed the view that civil law options are among the general rules of contracts and can be applied in electronic contracts .Examining and comparing the options of civil code and the article of the electronic commerce law and considering the special features of these contracts and the various powers that the legislator has considered for termination, it seems that in electronic contracts the parties have no right to invoke the options of the civil code, because in the law of electronic commerce, there are cases of termination in a desirable and sufficient way. therefore the types of termination right in these contracts are just the ones mentioned in the electronic commerce law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Condominium and Joint Ownership in Iranian and French Law
SH NikovandOne of the important issues the general civil practice dealswith is the significant benefits of the joint ownership and its realizedeconomic results. The author has fresh ideas on regarding theownership share regime and right of possession in the orders of thecivil law MoreOne of the important issues the general civil practice dealswith is the significant benefits of the joint ownership and its realizedeconomic results. The author has fresh ideas on regarding theownership share regime and right of possession in the orders of thecivil law in Iran. He offers good advices on the matter of exercisingthe right of possession and use by co-owners and the legal regulationswhich contain the legal relationship among the co-owners and alsothe way of obligation. He illustrates important trends that each coownerhas the right to possess and use whole common property,however, none of them shall exercise this right if it adversely affectsothers legal interest. He also emphasizes on the right of the co-ownersof disposition the property share. He documents the French approachon how they regulate this question Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Using neural network approach to predict company’s profitability and comparison with decision tree c5 and support vector machine (svm)
Malihe Habibzade Mostafa EzadpourProfit as one of the most important indicators of measuring the performance of the economic unit is one of the important accounting issues that has a high status due to the competitive environment and the importance of quick and proper decision making by managers. There MoreProfit as one of the most important indicators of measuring the performance of the economic unit is one of the important accounting issues that has a high status due to the competitive environment and the importance of quick and proper decision making by managers. Therefore, it is important to analyze the index, factors affecting it and predict profitability. In this regard, the present study was conducted by selecting a sample of 124 observations for the period from 1387 to 1395, based on the basic information of the companies financial statements; the effect of 34 variables on the accuracy of predicting the profitability of the accepted companies by Tehran stock exchange, has been investigated. Tree C5 method was used to determine the significant variables in predicting profitability due to the high ease of understanding of the model. Finally, after determining the effective variables and identifying 8 variables, the accuracy of the predictions was measured using the neural network technique, the C5 decision tree and the backup vector machine (SVM), and the results from these three algorithms were compared. The results of the comparison show that using the c5 decision tree and the 8 variables have the best prediction with accuracy of 93.54%, and then the neural network model is 81.45% more accurate than the supported vector machine (69.35%) and has an error. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Development and Resources Distribution Structure in Political Systems
Abdolrasool Divsallar Mehrdad Nazeri Hadi Abolfathi -
Open Access Article
7 - Evaluation of the International Traffic Management Role in the Telecommunication Company of Iran and a Proposed Model for Optimizing Management Capabilities
B. Kafi M. AbdolkarimiDevelopment of telecommunications and privatization issues of the telecommunication markets has imposed a reverse pressure on international calculation rates. One of the advanced technologies responsible for this disruption in the calculation system of th MoreDevelopment of telecommunications and privatization issues of the telecommunication markets has imposed a reverse pressure on international calculation rates. One of the advanced technologies responsible for this disruption in the calculation system of the telecommunication companies is a phenomenon called Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP). With regard to the balance deficit of the International communications in foreign currency arbitrages that amounted to $41 million, $61 million and $56 million from 2002 to 2004, TCI should adopt a long-term strategy for leaving the traditional networks to avoid huge losses in future years. This research was aimed to identify the effective factors of the above described foreign currency arbitrages' balance deficits, to measure the effect of the identified factors and to prioritize those identified factors. This research is based on eight hypotheses; specifically 1- Leadership and Senior Management Styles.2- Marketing Management Capabilities.3- Technical and Technological Management Issues.4- Human Resources Management the Vision.5- Financial Management Issues.6- Procurement Management Skills and Know-How.7- Effects of other international and State organizations' support increating the international communications foreign currency arbitragesof the Telecommunications Company of Iran.8- Significant differences in differences among the series of Managerial Factors in creating said foreign currency arbitrages balance deficit. A questionnaire was designed and prepared through implementation of a pilot study. In general, it dealt with the effects of seven managerial factors as well as 31 sub-factors, and it enjoyed the adequate reliability and validity along different phases.The data were analyzed using two parametric and non-parametric testingmethods.In general, the results confirmed 8 hypotheses at a 99 percent level of confidence, and the effective suggestions and strategies were presented on the basis of the results. These were intended to increase the foreign currency revenues of Iran International Communications of Telecommunication Company of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Examining the Validity of Waiver of All Rights for Unilateral Termination with Emphasis on the No-Harm Rule
Ashraf NayebzadehThe necessity and strength of the contract is considered as one of the basic principles in transactions. Although the basis of legal laws in line with fundamental principles such as the principle of necessity is to try to strengthen the contract and prevent its unnecess MoreThe necessity and strength of the contract is considered as one of the basic principles in transactions. Although the basis of legal laws in line with fundamental principles such as the principle of necessity is to try to strengthen the contract and prevent its unnecessary dissolution, sometimes the principle of necessity can create adverse effects for the parties.relinquishing all kinds of options, including the option of deception, even to the highest degree" is included as a term of contract. However, including different terms without knowing the consequences or signing the contract based only on good faith in the other party is reckless and irresponsible, because in the event of a dispute by signing only the provisions of the contract, the signatory is responsible and obliged to accept the consequences. This means that after accomplishing the contract, the parties to the transaction cannot terminate the contract under the pretext of fraud and loss. Since in some cases this term becomes a tool to abuse the right and basis of the loss, in law, whenever there is a discussion of the loss and gross damages and compensation, the no- harm rule comes to mind so that by the help of this powerful lever, the victim is able to compensate for the damage. In this article, adopting the analytical-inferential method and documenting the fortieth Principle of the Constitution and emphasizing the no-harm rule, the denial of validity of the condition of " all kinds of options relinquishment " has been examined and investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Investigating the capture of retardation in defective cucumber
aa aa Hossein Haghanikhahhe Cuckoo of Faith is one of the curses who have given the Shari'a and consequently the law and the foundation of the rationale for the customer. In the event of a product being defective, the customer will be in a position to terminate the contract and / or to obtain a Morehe Cuckoo of Faith is one of the curses who have given the Shari'a and consequently the law and the foundation of the rationale for the customer. In the event of a product being defective, the customer will be in a position to terminate the contract and / or to obtain an order and sign the contract. By contrast, any verb and manipulation that, in the common sense of the people, imply the abandonment of obligations and obligations, will deprive them of the right to reject and commit to a transaction. One of the things that causes the right to decline is to seize it in such a way as to cause the same change. This change should be in such a way that the other is not the same as the original condition that was traded. The common sense of the mind ignores the slight changes, and any loss of the attribute of health or the adjective of perfection also accompanies the change at the same time and causes the fall of the right to reject. On the other hand, if a number of transactions are made on this basis, the customer can return the goods and cancel the transaction and cancel the transaction until it has remained in its original condition and has the possibility and ability to return to the bank. To restore. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Synthesis of PbS Functionalized with gelatin as a Fluorescence-Enhanced Sensor for determination of Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) drug in blood and urine samples
Shirin Bouroumand Farzaneh Marahel Fereydoon Khazali -
Open Access Article
11 - Applying Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for Megestrol Drug with Albizia Lebbeck Leaves-capped AgNPs Sensor Synthesis in Urine and Blood Samples
leila niknam Farzaneh Marahel -
Open Access Article
12 - Application of a dioxime-PVC electrode to potentiometric studies of Cr(III) ion
H. Aghaie M. H. Felcri M. Arvand K. Zare M. Aghaie -
Open Access Article
13 - Chromium(III) ion selective electrode based on 2H-1,4-benzothioazine-2,3(4H)dione dioxime as a neutral carrier
M.H. Fekri M. Darvishpour E. Baghdar -
Open Access Article
14 - Catalytic Determination of Traces of Tellurium (IV) Using the Reduction of Lauth’s Violet with Sodium Sulfide
Masoumeh Tabatabaee Manoucher Esmaiilzadeh -
Open Access Article
15 - Spectrophotometric Determination of Hg2+ after Solid Phase Extraction on Microcrystalline Naphthalene
M. Reza Shishehbore Navid Nasirizadeh A. Mohammad Akhoundi -
Open Access Article
16 - Cu(II) Ion- Selective Membrane Electrode Based on bis(N-salicylidene-3,3'-diamino diphenyl) sulfone
M. Aghaie M. H. Fekri M. Giahi E. Baghdar S. Farhadi -
Open Access Article
17 - Determination of ultra trace amount manganese (II) in water samples with the 1-(2-PyridylAzo)-2-Naphthol, (PAN) by the bromate ion in sulfuric acid with kinetic spectrophotometric method
M. R. Froudi Jahromi S. Zandifar S. Bagheri R. Pour Gholam -
Open Access Article
18 - (1E,2E) -bis (2-aminophenyl) N'1,N'2-dihydroxyethane bis (imidothioate) as a neutral carrier in ion-selective electrode for Ni(II) and it computational studies
M. H. Fekri M. Darvishpour -
Open Access Article
19 - Application of a New Macrocyclic -PVC Electrode to Potentiometric Studies of Fe(III) Ion
R. Aminameli M. H. Fekri H. Shafie M. Darvishpour H. Khanmohammadi -
Open Access Article
20 - Flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of Cd(II), Zn(II) and Ag(I) in different matrixes after solid phase extraction on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-coated alumina as their 2,3 Di Hydro 2,3 para tolyl Qinazoline (1 H)- 4 one (DPTQO)
Farveh Raoufi Saidah Bagheri Ebrahim Niknam Khodabakhsh Niknam Hamid Reza Farmani -
Open Access Article
21 - Determination of ultra trace amount Chromium in water samples with the 1-(2-PyridylAzo)-2-Naphthol, (PAN) by the bromate ion in sulfuric acid with kinetic spectrophotometric method
Mohamad Reza Froudi Jahromi Samira Zandifar Ehsan Pakdaman Fatemeh Tavakoli Saideh Bagheri -
Open Access Article
22 - Zoning of the 25-Year Flood for Use in Determining the Boundaries of the River’s Bed and Boundaries (Til River as Case Study)
Ramin Tabrizi Seyedeh Hoda Rahmati Reza Haji Seyed Mohammad Shirazi Mohammad Shahbazi BilehsavarBackground and Aim: One of the management measures that can play an important role in reducing flood damage is preparing a flood zoning map. The preparation, compilation, and having a comprehensive and complete plan in the field of flood controlling and determining the MoreBackground and Aim: One of the management measures that can play an important role in reducing flood damage is preparing a flood zoning map. The preparation, compilation, and having a comprehensive and complete plan in the field of flood controlling and determining the boundaries and bed of rivers is an obligatory and necessary matter that lead to flood management and damage assessment. In this research, for Til River and 2 branches of the tributaries entering this river, in order to determine the bed and the boundary, produce flood zoning map and obtain the quantitative boundary of the river by using the DLSRS standard, the HEC-RAS hydraulic model and Arc-GIS software with the HEC-GeoRAS connector plugin has been used.Method: First, the HEC-RAS input file was prepared by using the topographical map of the Til river area from Arc-GIS software and by using the HEC-GeoRAS extension, and after entering the geometric data and data of the processing flow and related calculations in the environment of this software for zoning. The flood took place.to determine the boundaries of the river beds and these waterways, floods with a return period of 25 years are used.Eventually, with the application of HEC-GeoRAS extension and Arc-GIS, flood zoning maps are extracted. Moreover, by using the DSLRS standard, the quantitative boundry of the Til River and tributaries 1 and 2 in the studied area are determined according to the field visits and appropriate engineering advice, and the numbers related to each index and finally the amount of quantitative boundry are calculated.Results: In accord with the extrcated maps and satellite images and according to the investigations and visits, the width of the hydraulic bed calculated is different from the bed width defined in the law due to many uncertainties. Therefore, at this stage of the studies, expert surveys should be conducted through step-by-step visits to both banks of rivers and waterways along the study area, and eventually, legal bed width should be recognized and marked on the maps.Conclusion: The results show that integration of HEC_RAS model and GIS geographic system is an efficient and useful tool in determining river floods. According to the investigations, the comparison of existing maps and land uses around the Til River and 2 sub-channels demonstrate that in the event of a flood with a return period of 25 years, it does not cause sever damage to the areas around the river. In accordance with DSLRS standard, qualitative boundary of Til River and sub-channels 1 and 2 in the study area are carried out with field visits and ultimately, the amount of boundry is calculated,As a result, the amount of the quantitative sanctuary of the Tail river in the scope of the study plan was calculated to be 8 meters and also the quantitative sanctuary of Mesil 1 and 2 was calculated to be 4 and 5 meters, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Preparation of Modified Nanocellulose with 5-Br-PADAP for Preconcentration and Determination of Trace Amounts of Cobalt Ions in Natural Water Samples
Sekyneh ganji-jouybari Ali Mirabi Ali Shokuhi radBackground and Objective: Separation and determination of trace amounts of cobalt ions in real samples due to their toxicity to humans is very important. In the present study, a nanocellulose was synthesized by the acid hydrolysis and then modified with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyr MoreBackground and Objective: Separation and determination of trace amounts of cobalt ions in real samples due to their toxicity to humans is very important. In the present study, a nanocellulose was synthesized by the acid hydrolysis and then modified with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylamino phenol (5-Br-PADAP). The size of cellulose nanofibers was determined using transmission electron microscope (TEM). After modification of the nano-sorbent with the 5-Br-PADAP, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the modified nanocomposite was carried out, and the BET technique was used to determine the surface area of the nano-sorbent before and after modification. In the present work, the aim is to modify the surface of nanocellulose with ligand of 5-Br-PADAP to use them to extraction and pre-concentration of trace amounts of cobalt ions before determination it by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy in real samples.Material and Methodology: Certain volume of cobalt ion into the test tube containing the modified nanosorbent was Poured and buffer solution with pH = 9 was added and place it in a shaker and finally centrifuged for 15 minutes and then discard the top solution and 1 mL HCl was added to recover cobalt ions and placed in a shaker for 10 minutes and then centrifuged, and the absorption of the supernatant was determined by FAAS. The results showed that the modified nanocellulose is very sensitive and selective towards the determination of cobalt ions which could be affected by several parameters such as pH, adsorbent amount, sample volume, extraction time, and type of eluetion.Findings: The calibration curve is linear in the range of 10-500 ng/mL, and the detection limit and the relative standard deviation (RSD) are calculated to be 4.3 ng/mL and 1.8 %, respectively, that result in a high preconcentration and enrichment factor.Discussion and Conclusions: By using the flame atomic absorption spectrometry and applying the standard addition method, the proposed method was used to determination of the trace amounts of cobalt ions in the natural water samples such as seawater, river water, well water, lake water and tap water, with satisfactory results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Pragmatic Relationship of Termination of Verses with its Text (Case Study: All Attentive, All Aware)
Effat Taheri Dowlat Abadi Mahdi Moti’ Mahdi HabibollahiThe discussion of Divine Names and Attributes has been considered by theologians and commentators since long time ago. In every single word of Holy Quran, these names are remarkable, and a significant part of the Verses end in one or two Names and Attributes of God. Wha MoreThe discussion of Divine Names and Attributes has been considered by theologians and commentators since long time ago. In every single word of Holy Quran, these names are remarkable, and a significant part of the Verses end in one or two Names and Attributes of God. What is the serious meaning of the narrator of all Verses and in its textural layers; That is, the intralingual context, issues such as companionship and references, and in the extralinguistic context, the audience, the space of revelation, the position of speech, even the tone of speech with what action the speaker intended, can be studied. Considering the different interpretations, the connection between the Divine Names is felt at the end of the Verses with the content of the same Verse and with the Verses before and after it made us survey the relationship between the two names "Latif Khabir" (All Attentive, All Aware) beside each other and at the end of the Verses with the text of the whole Verse and other Verses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Refresh defects and diseases caused men to terminate the contract From the perspective of Sheikh Ansari With an eye to the views of Imam Khomeini and martyr Thani
سید حسام الدین حسینی کیا احمد مرادخانیSeparation of couples from each other, one of the most important issues in Islamic jurisprudence. This separation occurs in two major forms: a) divorce b) termination. Terminating in religious books as the "fi led Alkhyar" is examined.That the god way to compensate for MoreSeparation of couples from each other, one of the most important issues in Islamic jurisprudence. This separation occurs in two major forms: a) divorce b) termination. Terminating in religious books as the "fi led Alkhyar" is examined.That the god way to compensate for damage arising from any defect in the disease and predict each of the spouses has the right to terminate the contract which fixes its losses.Some specific diseases and defects and the rest is shared between couples. What is examined in this article only men are defects and diseases.And ponder what has been mentioned in the written opinion regarding different kinds of defects and diseases Sheikh Azzam Ansary men with a look at the opinions of Imam Khmyny, has a thorough understanding of the author and contributors to the field in the license terminate the contract for cause.Keywords: marriage, termination of marriage, illness, deceit, Jurisprudence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - A Reflection on the Jurisprudence Reasons of Article 360 of the Islamic Penal Code 2013
Seyed Hashem Aletaha Ahmad HajidehabadiFollowing Khoei's Detailed Theory, Article 360 of the Islamic Penal Code stipulates that in cases where execution of Qiṣāṣ requires the payment of the surplus Diyeh to the murderer, the owner of the Qiṣāṣ right can choose between execution of Qiṣāṣ with payment of the s MoreFollowing Khoei's Detailed Theory, Article 360 of the Islamic Penal Code stipulates that in cases where execution of Qiṣāṣ requires the payment of the surplus Diyeh to the murderer, the owner of the Qiṣāṣ right can choose between execution of Qiṣāṣ with payment of the surplus Diyeh or receiving the Diyeh even without the consent of the perpetrator. Although the adoption of this article is considered an effective step in preventing the uncertainty or wasting of the victim's blood in some cases, it is not supported by adequate Jurisprudence Reasons and has been criticized by the advocates of both the determination theory and the optionality theory of the right of retaliation, due to its use of dual criteria. Therefore, it cannot be used as a reliable basis for penal statute. Since the arguments of the Detailed theory are consistent with those of the optionality theory and can be effectively used to prove that theory, the best solution is to use the optionality theory as the basis, because it has strong and plausible foundations. Taking this measure resolves not only the current problem, but also other problems and negative consequences of the determination theory. Therefore, this research tries to evaluate and criticize the Jurisprudence Reasons of the Detailed Theory and use this argument to prove the optionality theory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Examining the legal status of the condition for determining housing for a woman in a permanent marriage
Amir Hossein Eivazkhani Seyyed Mahdi MirdadashiThe right of a wife to be provided a dwelling by the husband is agreed upon by all Islamic jurists and there is no dispute about this matter. All Islamic jurists are unanimous that it is a husband’ s duty to provide a dwelling, either owned, borrowed or leased, fo MoreThe right of a wife to be provided a dwelling by the husband is agreed upon by all Islamic jurists and there is no dispute about this matter. All Islamic jurists are unanimous that it is a husband’ s duty to provide a dwelling, either owned, borrowed or leased, for a wife as is appropriate for her. Articles 1106 and 1107 of the Civil Code assert that providing a dwelling is part of the cost of maintenance, to be borne by the husband; however, at times this can be contradicted by stipulating otherwise and the wife can take the power of determining the joint dwelling from the husband as per a condition as an integral part of the marriage contract. Some questions arise in this situation: 1) What legal sanctions are available for the condition to determine the dwelling? 2)What are the advantages and disadvantages of this conditions for safeguarding family foundations? The results of this study show that the dwelling determination condition is sometimes deemed as a void condition and sometimes a valid condition, but the marriage contract and the dowry are valid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Mechanisms of influence of cultural and social factors on the determination of jurisprudence
Mahmood Mansouri Hossein Azhdarizadeh Mohammadhossein PouryaniThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mechanisms of the influence of cultural and social factors on the determination of jurisprudence by a descriptive-analytical method. In fact, this research seeks to answer the question that what are the m MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mechanisms of the influence of cultural and social factors on the determination of jurisprudence by a descriptive-analytical method. In fact, this research seeks to answer the question that what are the mechanisms of the influence of cultural and social factors on jurisprudence? Since the rulings of the Holy Sharia are legislated according to the real interests and evils, the question that is often noticed and repeated is that according to the belief of Muslims in the immortality of Islamic rulings and the immutability of the rules and sanctities established by the hand of the Prophet Dear Islam, how and with what mechanism do new cultural and social factors affect the determination of jurisprudence in line with the dynamics of Islamic jurisprudence and in order to respond to the needs of the day The results of this study showed that cultural and social factors are effective in determining jurisprudence in the three areas of changing the actual ruling, changing the apparent ruling, and changing the government ruling with different mechanisms. In the field of changing the real rulings, cultural and social factors by creating a change in the subject of the ruling, the precedent of the ruling, the property of the ruling or the property of the ruling, as well as the deterioration of the cause of the ruling, as well as creating a change in the importance of the ruling and the occurrence of conflict between two rulings in the position of compliance, in the change of the real ruling and They affect its determination In the apparent rulings, cultural and social factors by creating a change in the appearance of the jurisprudential reason, making the case or seasonality of the ruling appear, discovering the governmental nature of the ruling, making the reason of the ruling appear to be high-ranking, and changing the meaning by paying attention to the normal or rational means of the meaning, change these rulings. They cause In governmental rulings, cultural and social factors influence the determination of jurisprudence by changing the importance of divine laws, interests, and public order through the ruling jurist. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - A Study on the Story Thresholds in Bozorg Alavi’s Short Stories (Based on Robert Funk's theory)
amin banitalebi masoud foroozandeh jahangir safari Esmail SadegeThe world of short stories includes the characters and events in which they are created, and the ultimate goal of any writer is to persuade the reader to enter this creative world. The entrance that opens the way for the reader to enter and be drawn to this imaginary wo MoreThe world of short stories includes the characters and events in which they are created, and the ultimate goal of any writer is to persuade the reader to enter this creative world. The entrance that opens the way for the reader to enter and be drawn to this imaginary world is the threshold of the story. Bozorg Alavi is one of the storytellers who has played a significant role in the evolution of short stories and the spread of critical realism insight, and in this regard, he has tried, especially in his early stories, to pay attention to modern storytelling techniques, including paying informed artists. Drawing on elements such as mystery and ambiguity, dialogue, conflict and indicative scenes evoke the reader's attention and interest. In the present study, the author, after a brief analysis of the theories presented in the field of storytelling, seeks to rely on Robert Funk's theory and add adverbs to it, using a descriptive-analytical method, after determining the beginning and end of the threshold of great short stories. Alavi and the mechanisms of their beginning, examine the initial sentences of the stories and, if necessary, point out their strengths and weaknesses. The results indicate that the great Alavi in his stories paid special attention to the combination of beginning and beginning with staging, and most of his storytelling skills were reflected in the initial staging section. Also, among the tricks of how to finish the threshold, he paid the most attention to the details of the story, which is the central focus of the narrative "clarity", but in this way, due to the rupture between the threshold and the middle of the story, he did not act very craftily. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Initiation and Termination in Persian Versifications
Assad SafariBand pay Mohammad SadeghiSince the early Dari Persian literature emerged writing a preliminary part for a literary work in prose or verse became popular. The terms “preface” (dibache negari) and “prelude” (aghaz bandi) have been used synonymously and respectively in outs MoreSince the early Dari Persian literature emerged writing a preliminary part for a literary work in prose or verse became popular. The terms “preface” (dibache negari) and “prelude” (aghaz bandi) have been used synonymously and respectively in outstanding works of Persian prose and verse, though in verse works writing a prelude has been more common than in prose works. It is also true about writing a finale or “epilogue” for an epopee. The art of composing a prelude and epilogue could be counted in the literary and rhetorical techniques row. This is in a way a literary device that adds to the eloquence and decorum of the works of literati, both in verse and prose. Intellectual, philosophical, religious and ideological points of view of the literary composers can be traced in their introductions to their works, and so can lead to discover the secrets of their thoughts. This study deals with the analysis of initiation and termination of poems and versifications in Persian literature masterpieces. Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh is the first work to include a prelude, and then Sanāʾi applies it in a broader sense in his Hadiqat al-Haqiqat, so that the followers of Sanāʾi’s literary style continue his convention of writing preludes and epilogues in their mystic or lyric poems through the reign of Qajars. Nevertheless, there are some rare works with no prelude or epilogue, the most noteworthy of which is Rumi’s Mathnavi. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Determination of Trimethoprim Based on Charge-Transfer Complexes Formation
Azar Bagheri Sedigheh Rahimi khomami -
Open Access Article
32 - Applying Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method and Artificial Neural Network Model for Determination of Metronidazole with Albizia Lebbeck Leaves-capped AgNPs Sensor in Blood and Urine Samples
Elham Pournamdari Leila Niknam Farzaneh Marahel -
Open Access Article
33 - Application Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction Method for Analysis and Determination of Bentazon as a Toxic Herbicide in Water
Alireza Geramizadegan Dadkhoda Ghazanfari Aliasghar Amiri -
Open Access Article
34 - Application of Differential Kinetic Method Using ANN with a New Synthetic Reagent for Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Mercury and Palladium
Tayyebeh Madrakian Abbas Afkhami Masoumeh Mohammadnejad Sayyed Javad Sabounchei Sepideh Samiee -
Open Access Article
35 - Designed a Resonance Rayleigh Scattering (RRS) Spectroscopic Technique for the Selective Determination of Acetaminophen Drug in Human Fluid Samples by Using Chitosan-capped Gold Nanoparticles
Kobra Moteabbed Jafar Burromandpiroze Vahid Zare- Shahabadi Soheil Sayyahi -
Open Access Article
36 - Design of Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for Sensing Tartrazine Color in Real Samples Using Sensor Starch-capped ZnSNPs
Mostafa Ahmadi Alireza Geramizadegan -
Open Access Article
37 - A review of 13C NMR spectra of drimane sesquiterpenes
Sylvia Awino Opiyo -
Open Access Article
38 - Examine factor structureBlais self-determination Work Motivation Inventory among primary and secondary first and second teachers of northern cities west Azarbaijan
Ehsan Azimpour Javad Mesrabadi Peyman YarmohammadzadehThis research was done to examine the factor structure of Blais Self-determination Work Motivation Inventory among primary and secondary first and second teachers of northern cities of west Azarbaijan. The research population consisted of 4 MoreThis research was done to examine the factor structure of Blais Self-determination Work Motivation Inventory among primary and secondary first and second teachers of northern cities of west Azarbaijan. The research population consisted of 4478 primary and secondary first and second teachers The research sample was selected by stratified multistage cluster sampling method. Research inventory was Blais Self-determination Work Motivation Inventory(1994). Confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha reliability was sused to anlyze the data. The results of confirmatory factor analysis, indicated that the six-factor model reached an acceptable fit to the data (p≤0/001). The amount 0/85 for Cronbach's alpha coefficient showed that the questionnaire is reliable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The Effect of Self-determination Training and Gender on Help-seeking of Students
Farokhro JaliliThis study has been done with the aim of determining self-determination training and gender on the help-seeking behavior of University students. The study was a semi-experimental study with pretest- post-test, follow- up with control group. The statistical population in MoreThis study has been done with the aim of determining self-determination training and gender on the help-seeking behavior of University students. The study was a semi-experimental study with pretest- post-test, follow- up with control group. The statistical population included all students of Farhangian University of Birjand in 2016-2017. The statistical sample includes 80 students of Farhangian University (40 females and 40 males) who have voluntarily registered and randomly been placed in test and control groups. First the training package was developed and its validity was evaluated and confirmed. Then 12 training sessions were given to for the students of test group. The research instruments was the help- seeking questionnaire of Ryan and Pentrich (1995). Data was analyzed through two-way multivariate covariance analysis and the results showed that self-determination training is effective on help-seeking of students in post-test and follow up stages (p<0.001). The effect of gender in post-test and follow-up is significant on acceptance of help-seeking (p<0.05) and in follow-up stage, the interaction of self-determination training and gender has not meaningful effect on any of variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - A Comparative Study of Vocabulary Learning Strategies Used by Marine Engineering Students and Iranian EFL Learners
Davood Mashhadi Heidar Majid Sadeghzadeh Hemayati -
Open Access Article
41 - Response Determination of a Beam with Moderately Large Deflection Under Transverse Dynamic Load Using First Order Shear Deformation Theory
F Sohani H.R Eipakchi -
Open Access Article
42 - Modeling, simulation and analysis of a multi degree of freedom aircraft wing model
Xueguang Bia Yucheng LiuThis paper presented methods to determine the aerodynamic forces that acton an aircraft wing during flight. These methods are initially proposed for asimplified two degree-of-freedoms airfoil model and then are extensivelyapplied for a multi-degree-of-freedom airfoil sy MoreThis paper presented methods to determine the aerodynamic forces that acton an aircraft wing during flight. These methods are initially proposed for asimplified two degree-of-freedoms airfoil model and then are extensivelyapplied for a multi-degree-of-freedom airfoil system. Different airspeedconditions are considered in establishing such methods. The accuracy of thepresented methods is verified by comparing the estimated aerodynamic forceswith the actual values. A good agreement is achieved through the comparisonsand it is verified that the present methods can be used to correctly identify theaerodynamic forces acting on the aircraft wing models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Modeling Academic Procrastination, Based on Maladaptive Schemas and Personality Traits Mediated by Emotional Regulation and Self-Determination in Students
Zahra Mohtashami Hojat allah Moradi Hosein Bigdeli Fereshteh AfkariObjective: Academic procrastination indicates a delay in academic activities that can be intentional, accidental or habitual and is related to several factors. The aim of this study was to predict academic procrastination based on maladaptive schemas and personality tra MoreObjective: Academic procrastination indicates a delay in academic activities that can be intentional, accidental or habitual and is related to several factors. The aim of this study was to predict academic procrastination based on maladaptive schemas and personality traits mediated by emotional regulation and self-determination in students.Methodology: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female high school students in Tehran in 2009-2010. 350 students were selected by purposive sampling method and Solomon and Rothblom 1984 academic procrastination questionnaire, maladaptive schemas (Young, 1998), personality traits (McCurry and Costa, 1985), emotional regulation (Gross and John, 2003) and self-determination (Guardia, Desi and Ryan, 2000). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.Results: Based on the results of this study, the proposed model of causal relationships between the mentioned variables had an acceptable fit. In general, in the proposed research model, the results showed that maladaptive schemas and personality traits both directly and indirectly through emotional regulation and self-determination in female students with procrastination. They have an educational relationship. Also, the results showed that the relationship between emotional regulation and self-determination with academic procrastination in female students is negative and significant.Conclusion: It is recommended that educational psychologists and academic counselors develop a suitable educational program to reduce academic procrastination in students and teach them strategies to improve maladaptive schemas, personality traits, emotion regulation and self-determination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Optimum placement and sizing of distributed generations for annual losses reduction
meisam amirahmadi alireza khanbabaIn this paper, considering many advantages of distributed generation (DG) and also pay attention to the importance of optimum placement and sizing of these resources in order to reach its advantages, to determination of the optimal location and capacity of DG in distrib MoreIn this paper, considering many advantages of distributed generation (DG) and also pay attention to the importance of optimum placement and sizing of these resources in order to reach its advantages, to determination of the optimal location and capacity of DG in distributed generation has been paid. unsuitable location and sizing of DG in distributed networks Leads to disadvantages including Increase losses, voltage profile destruction and reliability of network, stability reduce and harmonic increase. The optimizing that is noticed in this paper offered by presenting a sensitivity factor to reduce of annual energy loss in network and annual costs of DG. It used algorithm method in order to solve optimizing problem and also used IEEE 33-bus radial distributed network as system test. It used 288-h average load model and forward/backward sweep technique to calculate the annual energy loss. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - The Determination of strategic occupations and identify criteria for these job positions by using multi-criteria decision-making methods in a fuzzy environment (case study: an automobile company)
فاطمه یزدان پور حمیدرضا یزدانی حسن زارعی متینAbstractOrganizations need to identify their strategic occupations so they can succeed by giving those positions to their highly potential staff members, since the performance of these people, is highly consequential on the organizational performance. Since different or MoreAbstractOrganizations need to identify their strategic occupations so they can succeed by giving those positions to their highly potential staff members, since the performance of these people, is highly consequential on the organizational performance. Since different organizations define strategic occupations based on diverse aims and strategies and this process is different from one organization to another, and furthermore, whereas strategies can be modified time to time, so no occupation could be regarded intrinsically as strategic. In this research, through use of in-depth interviews with experts, we explored the strategic occupations and with the use of multi-criteria decision-making process we determined the strategic occupations in a Fuzzy environment. The results showed, strategic ramifications, the decision’s consequences, the level of authority and the competitive advantage, respectively determine the strategic occupations within an organization. Moreover, 13 percent of occupations within this specific organization are defined as strategic.Keywords: Strategic occupations, Determination of strategic occupations criteria, Strategic ramifications, Decision’s consequences and Multi-criteria decision-making process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - A study of the fundamental characteristics of entrepreneurship in high school students in Northern Khorasan and presentation techniques to nurture these characteristics
میترا Moradi H.A Kohestani H.A BahramzadehThe cornerstone of every movement towards growth and development in a system is the precise understanding of the existing conditions, proper realization of strengths and weaknesses, and subsequently devising well-calculated plans to reform the current situation. The mai MoreThe cornerstone of every movement towards growth and development in a system is the precise understanding of the existing conditions, proper realization of strengths and weaknesses, and subsequently devising well-calculated plans to reform the current situation. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the fundamental characteristics of entrepreneurship (need for achievement, need for independence, tendency toward creativity, risk taking and drive and determination) in high school students in Northern Khorasan and presentation techniques to nurture these characteristics. This is an applied study and has employed the survey-descriptive method. The statistical population includes all the students in public and private schools in the town and villages studying in 1386-1387 academic year. The sampling was carried out through stratified method , which is in accord with the content. General entrepreneurship closed-ended questionnaire was used to gather data. To establish the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, Richardson’s test was employed, and some professors’ opinions in the field were sought. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was estimated to be 0.85. The data analysis was done in two levels, descriptive statistics(Frequency distribution, median, relative frequency, percentile, etc.), and inferential statistics(t-test, ANOVA, etc.). The SPSS was used to do the analysis. Results showed that high school students in Northern Khorasan are not in good conditions in respect to the fundamental capabilities on entrepreneurship, and the four characteristics: need for achievement, need for independence, tendency towards creativity, and risk taking are lower than the average among the students, but drive and determination are close to the average Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - The Pathology of Termination of Governmental Contracts in the Jurisprudence of Iran and France
soraya chaharmiri valiyolah ansari hasan khosraviThe government contract is the main way of delegating government sovereignty to the private sector. Due to the ambiguity in many concepts in the field of termination of government contracts, jurisprudence plays a decisive role in both the Iranian and French legal system MoreThe government contract is the main way of delegating government sovereignty to the private sector. Due to the ambiguity in many concepts in the field of termination of government contracts, jurisprudence plays a decisive role in both the Iranian and French legal systems. The main question of the present study by descriptive-analytical method, is that according to the existing judicial procedure, what ambiguities and challenges does the legal system governing the termination of the Iranian government contract have in comparison with the French system? Presently, ambiguities such as conflict of laws, the scope of the right to terminate the contract and the existence of the differential procedure of termination of the contract have been the most important ambiguities of the legal system governing the termination of the contract compared to France. The most important challenges in the field of jurisdiction of administrative courts and how to intervene and apply some conditions of administrative termination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - بررسی تأثیر یک برنامه درسی خودمختاری هدایتشده بر انگیزش از دیدگاه تئوری خود تعیین
Abbas Ali Rezaee Maryam Pahlevan Aqajooni -
Open Access Article
49 - The effectiveness of SQ4R reading skills on satisfaction, enthusiasm and academic performance of elementary school students
Mehdi Shomaliahmadabadi Siros Mansoori Atefeh Barkhordari Ahmadabadi The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of study skills training on students' satisfaction, enthusiasm and academic performance. The research method was quasi-experimental with a post-test pre-test design with a control group. The statistica More The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of study skills training on students' satisfaction, enthusiasm and academic performance. The research method was quasi-experimental with a post-test pre-test design with a control group. The statistical population was all fifth grade students in Ardakan schools. Using the available sampling method, 32 people were selected as a sample and randomly assigned to two groups of 16 people. The research instruments were Bahrani and Jokar Academic Satisfaction Questionnaire (1999), Academic Achievement Questionnaire by Frederick, Bloomfield, and Paris (2004) and a research made performance test. The experimental group received study skills training in 8 one-hour sessions and two sessions per week but the control group did not receive any intervention during the study. Finally, the research data were analyzed by analysis of covariance at the significance level of 0.05. The results showed the mean scores of academic satisfaction, academic enthusiasm and academic success of the experimental group compared to the control group increased significantly in the post-test stage (p<0.001).According to the research results, teaching study skills can be considered as an effective intervention method in improving the components related to students' academic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - The Role of Teaching Problem Solving Skills on Self-Determination and Flourishing among Female Students of Islamic Azad University
Maryam Feyzbakhsh Vaghef Soleyman Kabini MoghadamThe purpose of this research was to the role of teaching problem solving skills on self-determination and flourishing among female students of Islamic Azad University of Quds in Tehran. The research method was conducted as a semi-experimental method with a pre-test-post MoreThe purpose of this research was to the role of teaching problem solving skills on self-determination and flourishing among female students of Islamic Azad University of Quds in Tehran. The research method was conducted as a semi-experimental method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all the female master's students in the field of psychology of the Islamic Azad University of Quds, Tehran, in the academic year of 2021-2022, in the number of 71 people, of which 30 qualified volunteers were selected by available sampling method and They were randomly divided into 2 groups (experimental and control). To collect the required data in the pre-test and post-test stages, the self-determination questionnaires of LaGuardia & et al (2000) and flourishing Soleimani et al. The experimental group underwent 10 sessions (60 minutes each session) and 5 weeks of educational intervention on problem solving skills by Desorilla and Goldfried (1971). The data was analyzed using the statistical method of analysis of covariance and SPSS24 software. A significant level of 0.05 was considered for all tests. The results showed that group problem solving training in the post-exam stage increased the self-determination score (P<0.001) and flourishing (P<0.001) of the students in the experimental group. Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that the officials and planners of the Islamic Azad University organization can use teaching problem solving skills training to increase the self-determination and flourishing of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The mediating role of self-determination in the relationship between perception of school atmosphere and academic enthusiasm of secondary school students
Abbas GholtashBackground and Aim: Academic enthusiasm is one of the variables that affect students' performance and academic progress, and on the other hand, it can be influenced by variables such as self-determination and perception of the school atmosphere. The purpose of this rese MoreBackground and Aim: Academic enthusiasm is one of the variables that affect students' performance and academic progress, and on the other hand, it can be influenced by variables such as self-determination and perception of the school atmosphere. The purpose of this research was to determine the mediating role of self-determination in the relationship between perception of school atmosphere and academic enthusiasm of secondary school students. Methods: The research method was descriptive of the correlation type. The statistical population of this research included high school female students of Shahriar city, whose number was more than 1000 in the academic year of 2022-2023. The stratified random sampling method and the required sample size of 278 people was selected based on Morgan's table. The data collection tool was Gary DeVarian's (1985) self-determination questionnaire, the school atmosphere questionnaire by Pashiardis (2000), and Fredericks' academic enthusiasm scale, Blumenfield, Paris (2004). Reliability of questionnaires with Cronbach's alpha method and coefficient above 75. It was approved. Pearson's correlation coefficient test and path analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The results indicate that self-determination plays a mediating role in the relationship between perception of school atmosphere and academic enthusiasm of secondary school students in Shahryar city. Conclusion: By providing the environment to improve the perception of the school atmosphere and helping to improve the self-determination of students, their passion for school and teaching-learning processes can be further improved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Effectiveness of Quality of Life Therapy on the psychological resilience and Self-determination in depressed Girls high school students of Khorramabad
Mehdi Yousefvand Ezatollah Ghadampour Houman Rajabi Banafsheh Hasanvand Moslem YousefvandThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of therapy quality of life to change psychological resilience and Self-determination school students of Khorramabad girl was depressed. This quasi- experimental study in which the pretest- posttest control group w MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of therapy quality of life to change psychological resilience and Self-determination school students of Khorramabad girl was depressed. This quasi- experimental study in which the pretest- posttest control group was used. The sample consisted of 40 subjects that depression among female high school students of Khorramabad were selected and randomly assigned to experimental groups (health, quality of life and control were handled. Intervention in the experimental group for 8 sessions of 2 hours of quality of life were treatment. The data were collected from questionnaires Self-determination and psychological resilience in the pre-test and post-test for both test and control groups were used. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was performed. Covariance analysis showed significant differences between the two groups. Results showed that quality of life therapy is effective in increasing Self-determination and psychological resiliency of the school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Effectiveness of Quality of Life Therapy on the psychological resilience and Self-determination in depressed girls’ high school students of Khorramabad
Mahdi Yousefvand Ezatolah Ghadampour Hooman Rajabi Banafsheh Hasanvand Moslem Yousefvand -
Open Access Article
54 - The effect of virginity on the legal status of women
Mahmood Abedi Andrian Hassan Pashazadeh Naser MasoudiThe effect of virginity on women's rights is one of the important issues of family law, which has not been comprehensively researched, and most of the legal writers have briefly mentioned the issue, but its importance is so great that none of the political, social, and MoreThe effect of virginity on women's rights is one of the important issues of family law, which has not been comprehensively researched, and most of the legal writers have briefly mentioned the issue, but its importance is so great that none of the political, social, and philosophical schools have addressed it. They did not need it. The main debate is whether virginity limits women's rights or not? In this research, an attempt is made to examine jurisprudential and legal works in this field, and by considering all aspects of the matter, the effect of virginity and pregnancy on women's rights cannot be answered absolutely. Because there are more cases. Not only does virginity not limit a woman's rights, but her legal privileges are far more. Including; In case of not receiving the dowry and lack of empowerment, the female cannot claim alimony, and if she does, she is doomed to reject the claim, but a virgin woman, despite the lack of empowerment in these conditions, has the right to demand alimony, or divorce the female during menstruation and Nifas is not valid if the divorce of a virgin woman while menstruating is valid. Therefore, in general, virginity does not limit her rights in comparison with a female prostitute. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The effect of insolvency and bankruptcy on termnationi of revocable contracts
ali dadmehr Reza Sokuti Nasimi Akbar Bashiriقانون مدنی ایران، در تقسیم بندی عقود در ماده 184 به عقد جایز اشاره کرده و به عنوان یک قاعده کلی، برخی از اسباب انفساخ عقود جایز را در ماده 954 ق.م چنین آورده است: «کلیه عقود جایزه به موت احد طرفین منفسخ می شود و هم چنین به سفه در مواردی که رشد معتبر است» و ب Moreقانون مدنی ایران، در تقسیم بندی عقود در ماده 184 به عقد جایز اشاره کرده و به عنوان یک قاعده کلی، برخی از اسباب انفساخ عقود جایز را در ماده 954 ق.م چنین آورده است: «کلیه عقود جایزه به موت احد طرفین منفسخ می شود و هم چنین به سفه در مواردی که رشد معتبر است» و بند 2 ماده 551 ق.م، در باب عقد مضاربه، فقط مفلس شدن مالک را یکی از اسباب انفساخ عقد مضاربه دانسته است که در حال حاضر در قوانین ایران، نهاد جایگزین افلاس، اعسار و ورشکستگی است.قانون مدنی مصر، برخلاف قانون مدنی ایران، صراحتاً اشاره ای به تقسیم بندی عقود از جمله عقود جایز و اسباب انفساخ آن تحت عنوان یک قاعده کلی ننموده است ولی در بند 1 ماده 528 در باب شرکت، اعسار و افلاس یکی از شرکاء را جزء اسباب انفساخ عقد شرکت آورده است.نگارندگان با بررسی قوانین موضوعه ایران و مصر به این نتیجه رسیده اند که در حقوق ایران، ورشکستگی و در حقوق مصر، اعسار و افلاس پس از عقد و در دوران اجرای آن از اسباب خاص انفساخ عقود جایز مالی است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Legitimacy of construction condition in marriage contract from the point of view of jurisprudence and law
Abdolkarim Najaf Dokht Saeed Hasanzadeh Delghosha yaghoub pourjamalThere is a difference in the validity and legitimacy of the condition agreed upon before the contract, which is called collusive or construction condition. A constructive condition is a condition that is not stated verbally in the contract, but there is a prior agreemen MoreThere is a difference in the validity and legitimacy of the condition agreed upon before the contract, which is called collusive or construction condition. A constructive condition is a condition that is not stated verbally in the contract, but there is a prior agreement on it, and the opinion of the contracting parties is taken into account during the contract. Jurists disagree about a condition that is not mentioned in the contract, but the contract was concluded based on it, whether the discovery of a violation of the condition after the contract gives rise to the right of rescission. The jurists almost unanimously consider such conditions invalid; So that there is even a claim of consensus on the invalidity of the previous conditions in the marriage contract. On the other hand, some jurists have considered the occurrence of a marriage contract based on a condition without its explicit mention in the contract as a reason for annulment.In Iran's law, the legislator has not followed the jurists' point of view and has accepted the building condition in the marriage contract and considered it valid, and by establishing articles 1113 and 1128 of the Civil Code, it has considered the building condition to be valid and legitimate, and in case of violation, it is subject to probation. Leh has the right of termination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Investigation of Lease Contract in Face to Common Excuse
seyyed mohammad hassan momeni abedin momeniIn all contracts, the first principle is based on necessity, but use of this principle by common excuse can be abolished. The common excuse against the special excuse is a barrier out of parties will which generally prohibits the obligation of contract or in some cases MoreIn all contracts, the first principle is based on necessity, but use of this principle by common excuse can be abolished. The common excuse against the special excuse is a barrier out of parties will which generally prohibits the obligation of contract or in some cases like lease contract it can hamper the vindication of benefits. The prohibition of the vindication of benefits by common excuse depending on the time of appearance would had been effected because common excuse can be appear in various times, because the common excuse can be happened sometimes before bill of subject of hire and sometimes immediately after that and sometimes with an interval after bill maybe before any exploitation of benefits or during the exploitation or at the end of the that. This research has investigated these aspects especially related to lease contract Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Judicial and Lawful Study of Timely Obligation Enforcement in Iran's Law
Abbas Moghadari Hekmatollah AsgariIn contracts law, the most important issue is the timely enforcement of contractual obligations whereas the violation of the contracts meets numerous punitive regulations. In Iran's law, the theory of specific performance is enforced that sometimes causes cases of injus MoreIn contracts law, the most important issue is the timely enforcement of contractual obligations whereas the violation of the contracts meets numerous punitive regulations. In Iran's law, the theory of specific performance is enforced that sometimes causes cases of injustice depriving it from its utmost efficiency. Regarding many exceptions to this rule including option of delayed payment of the price, violation of the terms of the contract, rent and farm leasing, one can inquire whether it is possible to grant the right of termination and specific performance to the other party in case the contract is violated. It appears that by resorting to the religious and civil law and in line with international trade legal system, the basis of this right could be established and strengthened. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Judicial-Legal Analysis of the Nature of Spontaneous Termination for Contracts
saeed ebrahimi ayoub mansouri mohammad bayNormally, it is incorporated provisions during setting sale property promises that sometimes recognizing them is the origin of some differences among the contract parties and courts. Considering the fact that nowadays the main part of exchanges are occurred as credit, t MoreNormally, it is incorporated provisions during setting sale property promises that sometimes recognizing them is the origin of some differences among the contract parties and courts. Considering the fact that nowadays the main part of exchanges are occurred as credit, the seller of commodities suspend the termination of exchange with failure to pay the price in the text of contraction and or in its description section in order to escaping from the long process of trial and the enforcement of sentences. It is commonly interpreted as the termination spontaneous bets of the contract. There are doubts and criticisms about the nature and validity of such term. Regarding to that in jurisprudence writings and the legal works, it has not surveyed the nature of discussed assumption and drawbacks on it so much, in the present article while substantive reviewing of the above mentioned bets and responding to the criticisms said and comparing it with the similar institutions, its justification has been accepted in the form of pending the outcome of bets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Internal Determination Span in Transactions
Maryam Aqaei Bajestani Mohammad Rohani MoghadamDetermination of the parties is the base of transactions and because determination which is internal action to be active in law should include external aspect. In other words, real determination is the basic element in transactions. Does the basi MoreDetermination of the parties is the base of transactions and because determination which is internal action to be active in law should include external aspect. In other words, real determination is the basic element in transactions. Does the basic element of transactions relate to internal or external determination of the parties? In this essay, the writers want to express two theories of internal and external determination and represent the modest theory in Islamic lawful system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Contradictory Transactions Subject to Legal Action in the Five Religions and Iranian Law
Sayyd Zaman Daryabari Naser Marivani Mohammad Adel ZiaeeContradictory possession means the non-fulfillment of the condition stated in the contract. According to the terms of the contract, the violation of the condition can be examined in three cases of violation of the condition of the adjective, verb and result. Considering MoreContradictory possession means the non-fulfillment of the condition stated in the contract. According to the terms of the contract, the violation of the condition can be examined in three cases of violation of the condition of the adjective, verb and result. Considering that the parties to the contract have considered a specific purpose and motivation for inserting the condition in the contract, without a doubt their relationship is effective and creates legal conditions for constitutionalism. The jurists disagree on the freedom of contract and on freedom of condition, along with contracts, but in this case they agree that whenever a contract is concluded with full pillars and conditions, it will have binding power. This study, by descriptively examining the views of Imami and Sunni jurists and analyzing its reasons, has considered the legal act (contract or iqa ') that has been done against the condition to be correct, but the constitutional case can take two steps against violating the condition: First, it can be contractual. To terminate the condition in which the condition is stated and, secondly, to request compensation in case of conditional violation against the damage caused to him. Of course, in some cases, such as marriage, etc., this general rule must be deviated, as in some cases, the legislature has deviated Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Legal-Judicial Investigation of the Impact of Termination of Transaction Based on Subsequent Transaction
Reza Zarei Leila RahimiThe main axis of this writing and what causes dispute are that in some cases after the fact of two or more successive transactions towards the object of transaction, the transferor of ownership measures for termination of base transaction. Lawyers and tribunals have not MoreThe main axis of this writing and what causes dispute are that in some cases after the fact of two or more successive transactions towards the object of transaction, the transferor of ownership measures for termination of base transaction. Lawyers and tribunals have not consensus in confronting such a case and concerning the circumstances of possession of first purchaser and consecutive possessors, so they issue contradictory judgments that will harm the rights of the third party beneficiary. Hesitation about set of related articles to this subject in civil code especially article 454 and also scrutiny in scholars and lawyers make it clear that legislature follows opinions of lawyers and scholars that separate legal options and contractual options from each other and makes his possessions not operative but it should be noted about executing legal options by beneficiary of an option that the above - mentioned possession is in lieu of property destruction of contract subject due to validity of possessions by the customer. Therefore, vendor is merely entitled of counterfeit. We tried to consider that various promises and divergence of Islamic jurisprudence and subjected law are classified according to nature of aforesaid possession. They are analyzed by explaining foundations and their side effects and relying on legal provisions and rules and they are also explained correctly. So, the influence of the present analyze on application step (judicial precedent) is undeniable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - The Validity and Effect of the Dominance of Persuasion of the Judge's Conscience on the Purpose of the Trial
Rahman Valizadeh Sayyad mohammad sadegh Mosavi asghar arabiyanIn advanced and Islamic societies, with the evolution and advancement of legal and judicial systems, the courts are seeking the fundamental goal of justice which is the determination of truth and the administration of justice in the field of rules of litigation. For thi MoreIn advanced and Islamic societies, with the evolution and advancement of legal and judicial systems, the courts are seeking the fundamental goal of justice which is the determination of truth and the administration of justice in the field of rules of litigation. For this purpose, the type of selecting and the choice of judicial system to achieve this goal is of crucial importance. Therefore, the traditional view in the Islamic jurisdiction which mostly defines Judement as resolution of hostility must be altered to ensure judge’s confidence and conscientious trust regarding judicial principles of the litigation. By expanding the powers of the judge and the scope of the substantiatoin value of the claim, the method of finding evidence, and the sovereignty of persuasion of the judge's conscience, the judge must take steps to determine the truth and administer justice. In the study, conducted by analytical and descriptive method, we concluded that the purpose of litigation in the legal systems of the world as well as the Islamic one, especially in criminal matters related to the lives and bodies of individuals, is to determine the truth and ultimately administer justice. This goal can be achieved with the credibility and dominance of a system established to convince the judge's conscience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Adapting the institution of predictable breach of contract with the extended concept of obligation in the principles of jurisprudence.
Abbas Mirshekari amir javadiThe theory of foreseeable breach of contract refers to a situation in which one of the parties, despite his observations and calculations, cannot reasonably wait for the other party to execute the contract. This theory is relevant in contracts that are subject to a cert MoreThe theory of foreseeable breach of contract refers to a situation in which one of the parties, despite his observations and calculations, cannot reasonably wait for the other party to execute the contract. This theory is relevant in contracts that are subject to a certain period of time. In Iran's legal system, the theory of foreseeable breach of contract is not explicitly accepted, even in certain articles, it is practically not possible to propose such a theory. But since speed and security are one of the main elements in commercial contracts, the design of this theory in Iran's legal system allows the obligor not to wait for the obligee to fulfill his contractual obligations in case of excessive delay, and by planning this type of violation, he can have a suitable time to compensate for the lost time. Although there are obstacles for proposing this theory in every legal system, its acceptance can be much more practical. In the principles of jurisprudence, in a topic entitled extended obligation, it is mentioned to perform the duty within a certain period of time, and the basics of this obligation can be used in the theory of predictable violation. The most important question that we are trying to answer in this article is with what tool the theory of foreseeable violation can be justified in Iran's legal system. By providing this goal, we have progressed from the origin of this theory to its legal analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Evaluation of sodium hydrosulfite residue in sugar crop in Zanjan province and investigation the new alternative method for determination
مهران Mohseni A.A Zamani کوروش Kamali عادل Mirza Alizadeh Sodium hydrosulfite/blanket is used as a decolorizing agent for the bleaching of produced sugar in the sugar industry. Due to sensitivity of using this chemical substance with defined allowed range in sugar product, the sensitive and exact method of voltamm More Sodium hydrosulfite/blanket is used as a decolorizing agent for the bleaching of produced sugar in the sugar industry. Due to sensitivity of using this chemical substance with defined allowed range in sugar product, the sensitive and exact method of voltammetry/polarography was used to measure the residual blanket in this product and moreover, its results were compared with titration method as a common method for measurement of this substance in reference laboratories. Among the active sugar plants in Zanjan province, three different samples of loaf sugar batch were selected from each production unit based on sampling method of Standard and Industrial Research of Iran and all samples were evaluated using polarography 797 VA Computrace. Then, some of the samples evaluated by the polarography method were also checked with titration method and the results of the two methods were compared with each other. Statistical analysis of obtained data from polarography method shows that various sugar factories have different average sugar content values in blanket residual. Comparative system shows that titration method gives a more than usual response to the amount of blanket residual. Polarography method shows that the dithionite content in the samples ranged from <1.40 to 13.24 ppm. However, in 6 percent of obtained samples from different plants, amount of blanket is more than allowable maximum (10 ppm). Comparing the results obtained from assessment of blanket residual amount in polarography method with titration method, shows significant differences between methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Impact Model Self-Determination Job Motivation of Teachers the Use of Instructional and Disciplinary Strategies
Javad Mwsrabadi Peyman Yarmohammadzadeh Ehsan AzimpourThe purpose of this research was design and fit a structural model of the relationship between Self-determination job motivation and instructional and disciplinary strategies. The research method was descriptive correlation with test structural equation modeling. The po MoreThe purpose of this research was design and fit a structural model of the relationship between Self-determination job motivation and instructional and disciplinary strategies. The research method was descriptive correlation with test structural equation modeling. The population of this project was involving 4478 elementary, guidance and high school teachers of north towns of Azarbayejan Qarbi, in which 354 teachers (158 Men, 196 Women) were selected with multistep and categorical cluster sampling methods. In order to collect data was used the Bliss (1994) questionnaire of self-determining motivation, and the questionnaire of educational and disciplinary strategies. Data were analyzed by method structural equation and software spss16 and AMOS22. The results showed that the proposed model, a strong theoretical model to predict the use of educational and disciplinary strategies of teachers. Self-determination motivation 0.31 and 0.36 direct effect on disciplinary and educational strategies. Furthermore, regarding the self-determining motivation types and educational and disciplinary strategies between teachers there was no sexual differences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Comparing the Performance of Neural Networks and Multivariate Regression in the Estimation of Housing Prices (Case Study: Ahvaz City)
said amanpour ismail soleimanirad leila keshtkar Sadegh MokhtariHousing is a basic need in the community always. Housing market has been one of the most fluctuation sectors of the economy of Iran country over the past years. Since the housing sector changes have a great impact on other sectors of the economy, so one of the significa MoreHousing is a basic need in the community always. Housing market has been one of the most fluctuation sectors of the economy of Iran country over the past years. Since the housing sector changes have a great impact on other sectors of the economy, so one of the significant needs of housing is predicting the price of this good. In this context, in this study by using of multi-layer perceptron neural network, presented a model to predict housing price in the city of Ahvaz and the results compared with the multivariate regression model. This study is a practical–developmental and its method is analytical- descriptive. To do this, 233 samples of statistical unit in 1392 were analyzed on the basis of 16 relevant variables. The results show that multi-layer neural network with 91 percent accuracy have been more accurate compared with the multivariate regression in the predicting housing prices. In addition to evaluating the performance of models coefficients R^2 and RMSE were used. Coefficient of determination (R^2) by using multivariate regression is .789 and its value for neural network is .918. The result of the regression model indicates weaker performance of this model compared to artificial neural network approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Relationship between Marketing Knowledge Management and Performance of Large Manufacturing Firms in Gilan Province
E. Chirani S. Akhavan Foumani -
Open Access Article
69 - Impact of Motivational Scaffolding on Self-Determination and Learning Achievement of Field-Dependent/Independent EFL Learners
Masoumeh Sohrabi Hossein Siahpoosh Asgar Mahmoudi -
Open Access Article
70 - Scale Validation of Persian Basic Psychological Needs Scale in E-learning Setting
Akram Kharazmi Hossein Kareshki Mahdi MoshkiThe aim of this research was providing Persian version of the basic psychological needsquestionnaire (Sorebo et al., 2009) and investigating its factor structure, reliability and validity among Iranian students in virtual courses. This was a cross sectional, descriptive MoreThe aim of this research was providing Persian version of the basic psychological needsquestionnaire (Sorebo et al., 2009) and investigating its factor structure, reliability and validity among Iranian students in virtual courses. This was a cross sectional, descriptive and correlational study conducted on 218 e-learning students of Hadith Sciences University in Mashhad. The sampling was performed with available sampling method. First, BPNS was translated from English to Persian and its face validity was confirmed by three e-learning specialists and three e-learning students. Then it was filled by the e-learning students. The validity of the questionnaire was examined by internal consistency and structure reliability with both methods of confirmatory factor analysis and heuristic analysis using SPSS and LISREL softwares. The Chronbach's alpha coefficients for all subscales and total scale were satisfied in terms of psychometric properties. The factor structure of BPNS using the exploratory factor analysis supported the 3 main factors model which explained 41 percent of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis results also indicated that items are good fit.Then, according to the evidence, BPNS in e-learning setting has good reliability and validity in Iranian population and is an appropriate tool for assessing the motivational and psychological aspects of learning in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - The Annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation from the Perspective of International Law
Hamidreza Jamali Houssein KhamesipourAbstract Annexation of Crimea to the Russia refers to the separation of part of the Crimean peninsula, which was recognized as part of Ukraine. Russia annexed it to the mainland through a referendum after a military operation and help of pro-Russian local authorities i MoreAbstract Annexation of Crimea to the Russia refers to the separation of part of the Crimean peninsula, which was recognized as part of Ukraine. Russia annexed it to the mainland through a referendum after a military operation and help of pro-Russian local authorities in March 2014. A process which was considered by many international leaders and institutions as illegal and consequently sanctions were imposed against Russia. On the other hand Russia and pro-Russian Crimean people of Russian origin consider their action as legitimate and in the direction of right of self-determination. They cite the International Court of Justice (ICJ) opinion on Kosovo. The present article raises the question that how the action of Russia in separating Crimea from Ukraine and annexing it to herself can be evaluated from the perspective of international law? The methodology used in the research is descriptive-analytical. The finding of the study shows that international law cannot explain it with a no or yes answer whether this action had been legal or illegal but this practice can become a precedent which will certainly jeopardize the world security in future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Legal Considerations in Russia-Georgia Warv
Ali Omidi Masoud RezaeiInternational crises have always been a testing arena for international law. In this regard the conflict and war between countries، due to its wider repercussions and its deeper impact، is a more sensitive issue. The study of the observance of the principles and rules o MoreInternational crises have always been a testing arena for international law. In this regard the conflict and war between countries، due to its wider repercussions and its deeper impact، is a more sensitive issue. The study of the observance of the principles and rules of international law in Russia-Georgia war which occurred on 8 August 2008 can be suitable criteria for evaluating the orientations and measures of the two countries. The question raised by the present article is، from legal point where does the Russia-Georgia war stands and what legal justification one can have for the military invasion of Georgia in Southern Ossetia and also the military intervention of Russia to protect the Russian citizens residing in Southern Ossetia. The article by a descriptive-analytical method wants to evaluate the conformity or non-conformity of the stands of the two countries with the principle and rules of international law. The findings of the study shows that the military invasion of Russia to territory of Georgia and also resort to undue force by the Georgian forces in autonomous republic of Southern Ossetia had been contrary to customary and conventional principles of international law and both the warring parties have breached certain aspects of international law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Sensitive Electrocatalytic Assay of Cyclotetramethylene Tetranitramine (HMX) Explosive on Carbon Nanotube/Ag Nanocomposite Electrode
Sajjad Damiri Hamid Reza Pouretedal Maryam Mahmoudi -
Open Access Article
74 - Induced Termination of Pregnancy in Domestic Farm Animals
G.N. Purohit C. Shekher P. Kumar K. Solanki -
Open Access Article
75 - Comparison of Different Lactation Curve Models to Describe Lactation Curve in Moroccan Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows
I. BoujenaneIn this study, the incomplete gamma function, an exponential function, a mixed-log function and a polynomial function were evaluated to describe the lactation curve in Moroccan Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. Data from 1990 to 1999, comprising 77130 monthly milk yields of MoreIn this study, the incomplete gamma function, an exponential function, a mixed-log function and a polynomial function were evaluated to describe the lactation curve in Moroccan Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. Data from 1990 to 1999, comprising 77130 monthly milk yields of 6029 dairy cows in 280 dairy herds, were used. Edits were carried out by considering the lactation length (5 d and Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - ساختار و کاربرد AMELX و AMELY در تعیین جنسیت گوزن مرال ایرانی (Cervus elaphus maral)
ط. فرهوش ر. واعظ ترشیزی ع.ا. مسعودی ح.ر. رضایی م. تولاییبه منظور به دست آوردن اطلاعات مناسب از حیوانات وحشی، لازم است که ساختار جمعیتی و ژنتیکی آنها تعیین گردد. این اطلاعات امکان تصمیمگیری برای مدیریت حفاظت بهتر را فراهم مینمایند. در حیات وحش، به دلیل ماهیت زندگی گریزان حیوانات و همچنین در مواردی فقدان ظاهر دو جنسی قابل Moreبه منظور به دست آوردن اطلاعات مناسب از حیوانات وحشی، لازم است که ساختار جمعیتی و ژنتیکی آنها تعیین گردد. این اطلاعات امکان تصمیمگیری برای مدیریت حفاظت بهتر را فراهم مینمایند. در حیات وحش، به دلیل ماهیت زندگی گریزان حیوانات و همچنین در مواردی فقدان ظاهر دو جنسی قابل تشخیص، تعیین جنسیت حیوانات به کمک مشاهده دشوار است. ژن آمیلوژنین وابسته به کروموزوم X و Y (AMELX و AMELY) به دلیل تکامل مستقل و متفاوت خود، میتوانند نقش مهمی را در فرآیند تعیین جنسیت حیوانات وحشی ایفا نمایند. به منظور تعیین نسبت جنسی و همچنین ساختار AMELX و AMELY در گوزن مرال (Cervus elaphus maral)، 37 نمونه از جمعیتهای مناطق شمالی ایران جمعآوری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در گوزنهای ماده، ژن آمیلوژنین یک باند (به طول 231 جفت باز برای کروموزوم X) و برای گوزنهای نر دو باند (به ترتیب به طول 231 جفت باز و 180 جفت باز برای کروموزومهای X و Y) داشتند. AMELY گوزن مرال دارای جهش حذفی به طول 54 جفت باز بود. فاصله ژنتیکی (D) برای AMELX در گوزن مرال و گوزن قرمز 02/0 ± 12/0 و برای AMELY صفر به دست آمد. آنالیز فیلوژنتیکی AMELX و AMELY در گونههای مختلف گوزن، هیچ تفاوت ژنتیکی برای AMELY بین این گونهها نشان نداد ولی مقدار D برای AMELX، 009/0 ± 048/0 بود. توصیه میشود که تعیین جنسیت حیوانات وحشی بخصوص جمعیت پستانداران با استفاده از آمیلوژنین روشی ساده و مناسب بوده که میتواند اطلاعات بیشتری را برای استراتژیهای حفاظتی تأمین نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Evaluation of Different Estimation Methods of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration and Their Comparison with the Pan Evaporation Method case study: Islamabad-Gharb Area عنوان کوتاه
mohammad amin parandin seyed aliashraf sadraddiniAn irrigation planning is set in order to determining the soil water balance and estimation of the water future consumption based on the calculation or measuremant of the Evapotranspiration values, which providing a possibility for prediction of a real time that corresp MoreAn irrigation planning is set in order to determining the soil water balance and estimation of the water future consumption based on the calculation or measuremant of the Evapotranspiration values, which providing a possibility for prediction of a real time that corresponding to the moisture index of management Allowed Deficit (MAD) in soil. This study was conducted for evaluation different reference evapotranspiration models in Islamabad-Gharb area. for this purpose, the monthly data of Islamabad-Gharb synoptic Meteorology stations during a period of 30-year (1394-1364)were used. After restruction of the missed data and verification of the reference stations, values of the evapotranspiration were calculated with 9 valied formulas using REF-ET software. In order to determine the best method, the output values of the models were compared with evaporation pan data, using some statistical criterio. According to the results, the highest correlation coeficient (r=0.99) was obtained between the output data of the Blaney- Cradle model and evaporation pan. Also the minimum root mean square error (RMSE) values of 22.2 (mm/day) and 24.42 (mm/day) were belogend to the models of torque and Blaney- Cradle, respectively. Furthermore the highest efficiency (EF) value(0.93) was obtained for the both models of Blaney- Cradle and torque. Hence by considering the resulted minimum mean percentage error (MAPE) value (0.01) for Blaney-Cradle, this model was proposed as the most suitable model for application in the studied area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Determining the factors influencing the voluntary disclosure of non-financial information from the perspective of institutional theory Qualitative method
Ali Khodabakhshi Mohsen Dastgir Saeid AliahmadiCompany reports are one of the most important sources of obtaining information, so that the theoretical foundations of accounting and reporting in most countries state that the general purpose of company reporting is to provide information. The purpose of this research MoreCompany reports are one of the most important sources of obtaining information, so that the theoretical foundations of accounting and reporting in most countries state that the general purpose of company reporting is to provide information. The purpose of this research is to determine the factors influencing the voluntary disclosure of non-financial information from the perspective of institutional theory. In this research, a qualitative research method has been used, which is a combination of resource review and Delphi method, at first it was used by using the resource review method and background studies, the factors affecting information disclosure were identified with the approach of voluntary disclosure of non-financial information, then to The categories of identified factors were discussed. In order to determine the factors affecting the voluntary disclosure of information, the Delphi method has been used.The statistical population of the present study were accounting specialists and experts who are experts in accounting and auditing, who were 20 people (10 academic and 10 executive) and were selected as a snowball. The findings of the resource review section showed that 33 indicators were identified and finally the known concepts were categorized into five groups. The desired indicators were included in the Delphi questionnaire through the literature review while presenting to the experts after the initial content validity and 17 out of 20 people They confirmed the indicators and the validity percentage was 85%, so the validity of the model was confirmed through the Delphi method.The results show that in three groups; 1) Involuntary factors and voluntary disclosure of non-financial information; 2) specific discretionary factors of the company and voluntary disclosure of non-financial information; 3) Normative factors and voluntary disclosure of non-financial information, 25 indicators were confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Termination of Guardianship from Ebne Arabi and Seyyed Heydar Aamoli's point of view
abdolrahim AnaghehGuardianship (velayat) is one of the important tenets in mysticism, which has been discussed by several great Gnostics. One of the controversial issues concerning Guardianship is the matter of termination of Guardianship Seyyed Heydar Amoli; one of the great Gnostics in MoreGuardianship (velayat) is one of the important tenets in mysticism, which has been discussed by several great Gnostics. One of the controversial issues concerning Guardianship is the matter of termination of Guardianship Seyyed Heydar Amoli; one of the great Gnostics in the eighth century has studied this issue in depth. By investigating Sheihk Akbar’s (famous Gnostics) Works about termination of the absolute guardianship by the Christ, he contradicted it and put forward his rational, self discovery, and citation evidences against it. He underscores that the absolute guardianship belongs to Imam Ali and constrained Gurdiaship belongs to Imam Mahdi. The aim of this research that is done in the form of documentary is to explain the views of these two Gnostics about Guardianship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Gender Determination of Huso huso in Khuzestan Province using Ultrasound Method
Azam Mohammadsalehi Mohammad velayatzadehGender determination in the fisheries industry is important for the propagation and cultivation of economically valuable fish. In fish meat, due to the extraction of caviar, the proper method of gender determination is essential. This research was conducted in 1396 on H MoreGender determination in the fisheries industry is important for the propagation and cultivation of economically valuable fish. In fish meat, due to the extraction of caviar, the proper method of gender determination is essential. This research was conducted in 1396 on Huso huso, in a closed circuit system, at the Hanusushadeh sturgeon farm, in Khuzestan province. To determine the gender, the fish were first anesthetized in a tub with 100 ppm of eugenol. They were then weighed using a digital scale, with a precision of one gram. In this research, gender determination of all fish was carried out with 100% accuracy. The ultrasound method was used to determine the gender by the Zoncer ultrasound apparatus in Germany. In this research, all fish with 100% accuracy were sexually explicit. Of the 1,000 pieces of Huso huso, 516 male and 484 female pieces were studied. Male and female fish had a weight range of 5150-4236 grams and 7125-4896 grams, respectively, and were 3 years old. Given that gender evaluation on all fish was carried out using ultrasound, this method can be considered the best and most reliable method for determining the gender of sturgeon, as the use of methods which cause the least stress in fish is always a priority. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - The effect of heat stress on sperm parameters and sex ratio of Y or X- bearing spermatozoa after goat semen cryopreservation
Mohsen Mesbah Mohsen Forouzanfar Shahin Eghbalsaeid Amin EdalatmaneshAbstractIntroduction : Pre-sex selection is the process by which Y or X-bearing spermatozoa are used to produce the desired sex in the offspring. X-bearing spermatozoa are believed to have a longer lifespan, and are more resistant to acidic conditions, temperature chang MoreAbstractIntroduction : Pre-sex selection is the process by which Y or X-bearing spermatozoa are used to produce the desired sex in the offspring. X-bearing spermatozoa are believed to have a longer lifespan, and are more resistant to acidic conditions, temperature changes, and even oxidative stress compared to Y-bearing. Methods : The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of heat stress on sperm parameters and sex ratio of sperm containing X or Y chromosome after freezing-thawing of goat semen. The diluted semen of the heat stress group was first placed at 43 ° C for 30 minutes and then frozen-thawed as in the control group. Results : The results showed that heat stress led to a significant reduction in the overall sperm motility, viability and sperm cell membrane integrity compared to the control group. Also, in the heat stress group, the mean Y to X ratio was 94.4%, which showed a significant difference (p <001) compared to the expected Y to X ratio of 1.Conclusion : Applying heat stress to sperm in vitro can lead to a significant reduction in sperm parameters. In addition, the decrease in the number of Y-bearing spermatozoa in the survived population post thawing, may indicate that the Y-bearing spermatozoa are more sensitive and fragile compared to X-bearing spermatozoa in goat species.Keywords: Sex determination, Cryopreservation, Heat stress, Goat sperm Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - The Inefficiency of the Sociology of Knowledge In the Middle East
شهاب دلیلیGiven the similar social structures in the Middle East and elsewhere the sort of knowledge or social knowledge in this area is very unique. The intensified active political field is a matter of constant discussion. The Separation between the mainstream sociology in the MoreGiven the similar social structures in the Middle East and elsewhere the sort of knowledge or social knowledge in this area is very unique. The intensified active political field is a matter of constant discussion. The Separation between the mainstream sociology in the Middle East and the other parts of the world in the field has always been questioned. The sociology of knowledge has been a framework in reviewing the developments in the Middle East in recent years. So, Re-reading of the sociology of knowledge can be an instrument in enlightening this area. In The sociology of knowledge, the determination of knowledge is the basic principle. This definition also includes the paranormal; religious and ideological beliefs of people. The basic idea can be the reason of the differences between this area and the other parts of the world. The main root of conflict is either the matter of mutual trust or absence of that in the Middle East and the presence or absence of certain facts. Thus, the proposition that the concept of ideology as cultural and social relations in a social network can also be formed in a particular location is a serious conflict. The main ride here disputes the theory that the nodes are brighter. The route will be over in three steps. The hypothesis of this paper is formed by these main three steps. By analyzing the issue of the sociology of knowledge which is the social determination of knowledge, we are seeking for the contrast of that with the utmost main knowledge in the Middle East (the religion and the religion with any possible interpretation).in following we are about to show that in the theoretical duals which the sociology of knowledge is defined by that is not valid in the social knowledge in middle east. Finally, the central cause of this theory which is the real/idea and its opposite and dialectical relations that evolutes in different tendencies and historical eras have basically no place in the main principles of knowledge in Middle East. The reality and the idea in the Islamic philosophy as the primary source of though in Middle East have got their own special register and they never have had any opposite and dialectical relations with one another. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Combination of two liquid microextraction methods for extraction and determination of copper in water samples by using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy
MARYAM RAZIEEIn this research, the method of emulsion micro-extraction with the help of ultrasonic waves based on the freezing of floating organic drop along with flame atomic absorption device was used to extract, pre-concentrate and measure copper in different water samples. The c MoreIn this research, the method of emulsion micro-extraction with the help of ultrasonic waves based on the freezing of floating organic drop along with flame atomic absorption device was used to extract, pre-concentrate and measure copper in different water samples. The copper cation forms a complex with the ligand under suitable conditions and is transferred from the aqueous phase to the organic phase of the extractant which is injected into the aqueous solution with a microsyringe. With the help of ultrasonic waves, very fine droplets of extracting solvent are dispersed in the aqueous phase and a cloudy emulsion solution is formed. The use of centrifuge and ice bath in this method leads to the freezing of microdrops of organic solvent from the surface of the aqueous solution, which are collected and introduced to the atomic absorption device for measurement with ethanol as a carrier. Factors affecting copper complex formation and extraction were investigated and optimal conditions were reported. Analytical figures of merit were evaluated in the proposed method, and the results were acceptable and better than previous reports. The efficiency of the extraction method was successfully confirmed in different water samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Engagement and Motivation in EFL Classroom: Humanizing the Coursebook or Autonomy-supportive Teaching Climate?
hossein Rahmanpanah Ahmad Mohseni -
Open Access Article
85 - the relationship between personality traits and exercise behaviors:self-determination theory
Reza Nikbakhsh Adel Mirzaei Nasrin JahansaThe main purpose of this study was to examine the relation between personality traits and self-determination of exercise behavior. The sample consisted of 450 (236 females, 214 males) students between the ages of 18 and 49 years (M=23.37, SD=4.80) from eighth area of Is MoreThe main purpose of this study was to examine the relation between personality traits and self-determination of exercise behavior. The sample consisted of 450 (236 females, 214 males) students between the ages of 18 and 49 years (M=23.37, SD=4.80) from eighth area of Islamic Azad University. The sample was selected through cluster random sampling. The participants completed the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1992) and the Sport Motivation Scale (Pelletier et al, 1995).The results indicated that sport motivation components were explained by personality traits. Among personality traits, openness to experience had direct relations with all sport motivation subscales. There was no significant relation between extraversion and amotivation, and between conscientiousness and intrinsic motivation to accomplish. Also, neuroticism had negative relations with identified and introjected components, and positively correlated with amotivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - social support,basic psychological needs and psychological well-being:examining a causal model in employed women
Morteza Moradi Razieh Sheikholeslami Mozhdeh Ahmadzadeh Azam Cheraghithis study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of social support on psychological well-being at work among employed women. The sample consisted of 360 employed women from Shiraz University. The participants completed the Social Support Scale (Vaux et al., 1 Morethis study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of social support on psychological well-being at work among employed women. The sample consisted of 360 employed women from Shiraz University. The participants completed the Social Support Scale (Vaux et al., 1986), the Satisfying Basic Psychological Needs Scale at work (LaGuardia et al., 2000), and the Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff& Keys, 1995). The results of path analysis indicated that the social support had direct and indirect effects, through satisfying the need for relatedness and need for competence , on the psychological well-being. There was no significant difference between single and married employed women in psychological well-being, satisfying basic psychological needs and social support. These findings emphasize the role of employment and social interactions on well-being of women in work environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Gender Determination of Huso huso in Khuzestan Province using Ultrasound Method
A. Mohammad Salehi M. VelayatzadehGender determination in the fisheries industry is important for the propagation and cultivation of economically valuable fish. In fish meat, due to the extraction of caviar, the proper method of gender determination is essential. This research was conducted in 139 MoreGender determination in the fisheries industry is important for the propagation and cultivation of economically valuable fish. In fish meat, due to the extraction of caviar, the proper method of gender determination is essential. This research was conducted in 1396 on Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii), in a closed circuit system, at the Hanusushadeh sturgeon farm, in Khuzestan province. To determine the gender, the fish were first anesthetized in a tub with 100 ppm of eugenol. They were then weighed using a digital scale, with a precision of one gram. In this research, gender determination of all fish was carried out with 100% accuracy. Of the 1,000 pieces of Siberian sturgeon, 630 male and 570 female pieces were studied. Females, in stages 2, 3 and 4 had a mean weight of 5254.32±48.82 g, 6670.49±56.75 g and 642.66±56.09 g, respectively, and were 3 to 4 years old. The average weight of male fish was 7238.62 ± 71.66 g. Given that gender evaluation on all fish was carried out using ultrasound, this method can be considered the best and most reliable method for determining the gender of sturgeon, as the use of methods which cause the least stress in fish is always a priority. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - ارزیابی عملکرد شبکههای موبایل Ad- Hoc مبتنی بر پروتکل مسیریابی DSR
شهریار شیروانی مقدم مرتضی شاهمرادی در این مقاله مرور کوتاهی بر پروتکلهای مسیریابی متداول برای شبکههای موبایل Ad-Hoc معرفی شده است و پروتکل مسیریابی DSR با جزئیات بیشتری شرح داده شده است. عنایت بیشتر بر روی موضوع مسیریابی و فازهای تأمین مسیر به عنوان اصلیترین بخشهای DSR قرار گرفته که شبیه More در این مقاله مرور کوتاهی بر پروتکلهای مسیریابی متداول برای شبکههای موبایل Ad-Hoc معرفی شده است و پروتکل مسیریابی DSR با جزئیات بیشتری شرح داده شده است. عنایت بیشتر بر روی موضوع مسیریابی و فازهای تأمین مسیر به عنوان اصلیترین بخشهای DSR قرار گرفته که شبیهسازی شده است. تعریف مسئله با خصوصیات الگوی حرکت تصادفی برای حرکتها، مدل نمایی منفی برای زمان مکالمه و توزیع پواسون برای تقاضای زمان مکالمه در نظر گرفته شده که همراه با دو شاخص کارآیی اصلی احتمال عدم امکان تماس و قطع شدن اجباری تماس معرفی شده است. این دو شاخص کارآیی بهازاء بارهای ترافیکی و سرعتهای متفاوت شبیه سازی و استخراج شدهاند. به منظور نمایش اثر پروتکل مسیریابی بر کیفیت سرویس، دو روش مستقیم و غیر مستقیم مسیریابی شبیه سازی شدهاند، نتایج شبیهسازی نشانگر کاهش عدم امکان تماس و قطع شدن اجباری تماس با استفاده از روش یافتن مسیر چندگانه میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The effects of the dissolving condition in the legal system of Islamic countries according to Imamiyeh jurisprudence
hosein gafari samet mahshid sadat tabaei javad niknehadField and Aims: Today, the use of the dissolving condition is very popular due to the imbalance of the rights of the seller and the customer, because the parties to the contract of sale try to balance each other's rights by mutual agreement, and one of the contractual w MoreField and Aims: Today, the use of the dissolving condition is very popular due to the imbalance of the rights of the seller and the customer, because the parties to the contract of sale try to balance each other's rights by mutual agreement, and one of the contractual ways to balance the rights of the parties is to use It is a dissolving condition, which as a condition of the void condition, is a kind of suspension condition in which the dissolution and rescission of the sale is suspended until the occurrence of an accident (usually non-payment of price). The question that is very important to answer is what are the effects of including the mentioned condition in the contract?Method: The present research was carried out using a descriptive and analytical method.Finding and Conclusion: What is the subject of discussion is about the effects of the dissolving condition after the formation of the contract and before the fulfillment of the suspension act , regarding the effects of the mentioned stage, although the jurists and jurists in establishing the right to conditionality and prohibition Conditional vs. they agree on carrying out possessions contrary to the conditional right, but they disagree about the nature of the said right and the guarantee of enforcement of the violation of the said right. If the condition of negative void condition , the right created for the seller is a primary objective right that is supported by the legislator, and the transaction contrary to the condition of termination is in the state of protection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Analyzing the legal rules governing the remedy caused by the termination of the contract and predicting its breach with emphasis on international documents
hadi roosta sjafar hashemi امیر محمد sediqianField and Aims: Today, businessmen in their international exchanges often use the contract of sale, which is sometimes breach by one of the parties, And inevitably, to compensate for the damage, compensation methods should be used in different systems of the world. In t MoreField and Aims: Today, businessmen in their international exchanges often use the contract of sale, which is sometimes breach by one of the parties, And inevitably, to compensate for the damage, compensation methods should be used in different systems of the world. In this regard, compensation for contractual damages has been fully accepted in most legal systems and international documents, which include the principles of European contracts and the principles of international commercial contracts, as well as the Convention on the International Sale of Goods But in Iran, internal legal rules are still used when necessary which has caused legal challenges in this regard.Method: The present research was carried out with a descriptive analytical method.Finding and Conclusion: The findings of the present research showed that the principles of international documents that are important in the enactment of laws and principles governing contracts in terms of anticipating violations and termination and finally compensation have not been included in the legal rules of the subject as it should be, because the review and analysis The assessment of damages caused by breach of contract in Iranian law compared to international documents indicates the weakness of Iran's legal system, as a result of the need for Iran's judicial system to apply international principles and documents and legal rules governing contracts in line with commercial and economic interactions at the international level. And compensation for damages caused by breach of contract is necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - الگویی برای تعیین ساختار بازار با استفاده از منطق فازی
علیرضا دقیقی اصلی حسین عظیمی آرانی جمشید پژویان -
Open Access Article
92 - Method in Hegel's Logic
Hossein Mafi Moghaddam Ali Morad khaniThe discussion about Method in Logic is very important, because it makes clear content, aim and nature of logic. Logic like other sciences based on method and it must be determined which method is used in logic. For example in Aristotelian logic the method is deductive MoreThe discussion about Method in Logic is very important, because it makes clear content, aim and nature of logic. Logic like other sciences based on method and it must be determined which method is used in logic. For example in Aristotelian logic the method is deductive one, that is, rational deduction from premises of categorical and conditional propositions. Bacon's empirical logic is based on experiment and induction. In Kant transcendental logic, the conception of method differs entirely from deduction and empirical method. In Kant’s view, method means determination of a priori conditions of knowledge. Hegel has different concept comparing to Kant. In Hegel’s approach, method is dynamic process in which we can determine organic structure and generation of categories. Accordingly, the method is regarded as comprehensive system that finally all multiplicity of categories will be unified, in other words, method is form containing all contents of logic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - The Place of "Secession" in International law and Legal Dimensions of the Referendum of IRAK "Kurdistan" for Independence
Daydokht Sadeghi Haghighi Mahmoud JalaliAbstract: Secession from sovereign state and former of a new entity by Reference to the "right of self-determination" in international law has been one of the great challenges of the international community which still remains unresolved. And international law generally MoreAbstract: Secession from sovereign state and former of a new entity by Reference to the "right of self-determination" in international law has been one of the great challenges of the international community which still remains unresolved. And international law generally has supported the parent state in wish to maintain its territorial integrity. Thus 1970 in declaration of friendly relation and cooperation among states declares quite explicitly that the territorial integrity and political independence of every indivisible. Thus the international community is reluctant to contemplate the breakup of state because of its potential to destabilize. This article will consider the issue of secession and will review its position that does the international law approve the unilateral secession and establishment of a new state in the post-colonial era. The finding of this article reveals that this right has been limited only to decolonization time. Also by examining the referendum for independence of Iraqi "Kurdistan", concludes that the contemporary international law does not approved the outcomes of this referendum independence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Unilateral Secession of Crimea from Ukraine in view of International law
didokht sadeghi hagigiOn 16th of March 2014 following a referendum held under support and military intervention of Russia, Crimea declared its independence and unilaterally separated from Ukraine which was instantly recognized by Russia. Then after The Parliament of Crimea called for the acc MoreOn 16th of March 2014 following a referendum held under support and military intervention of Russia, Crimea declared its independence and unilaterally separated from Ukraine which was instantly recognized by Russia. Then after The Parliament of Crimea called for the accession to Russia and in a short time the accession treaty with Russia was signed and practically Crimea became part of Russia. The authorities of Crimea and Russia in Justifying their actions referred to the principles of International law including self-determination of the people of Crimea and implicitly referred to the theory of remedial secession in other to build a legal base for the military intervention of Russia in Crimea and consider a right to secession for the people of this region. Coincidence of this secession with political developments in Ukraine and dominance westerners over the government of Kiev strongly enhances the political nature of this secession. This research examines the legitimacy of unilateral secession of Crimea from Ukraine within the framework of the international law Theories. Also the military intervention of Russia and the use of force in Crimea’s crises will be reviewed. the findings of this study indicate that Crimea’s secession from Ukraine does not possess any legal base and the Russia’s actions in the process of secession and holding the referendum for the independence, due to violation of the principles of Jus-Cogens Like “non intervention” and “non use of force” is considered to be a violation of international law and consequently The “Crimean Declaration of Independence” Can not be Justified in The Context of established international law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Evaluation of the structural model of explaining academic performance based on self-determination: the mediating role of academic engagement
Marziyeh Modaresi Hojatabadi Vali allah Farzad Shirin KooshkiPurpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the structural model of explaining academic performance based on self-determination: the mediating role of academic engagement. Method: The design of the current research was applied and of the correlational research ty MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the structural model of explaining academic performance based on self-determination: the mediating role of academic engagement. Method: The design of the current research was applied and of the correlational research type using the structural equation modeling method. 300 people (150 girls and 150 boys) were selected from all adolescents aged 12 to 14 years of public and non-profit schools in Tehran in the academic year 2015-2016 by multi-stage cluster sampling method. All of them completed self-determination and academic engagement questionnaires. For data analysis, Pearson correlation methods and structural equation modeling were used using SPSSV19 and LISRELV8.80 software. Findings: The results showed that self-determination and academic engagement have a significant relationship with academic performance. Also, the results of the model showed that self-determination (0.38) and academic engagement (0.50) have a direct effect on academic performance. In addition, self-determination through academic involvement has an indirect effect on academic performance (0.38). Conclusion: Finally, the results of this research show that the variables of self-determination and academic involvement can have a positive and significant effect on academic performance. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers, parents, administrators and counselors be aware of these variables in order to improve the academic performance of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Feasibility study of compassion and tolerance in sharia punishments
Hossein FathabadiIn approving the Islamic Penal Code in 2013, our country, based on rich religious sources and Islamic standards, the Qur'an, Sunnah and reason with the approach of "criminal tolerance" approves benevolent and opportunistic institutions such as suspending punishment and MoreIn approving the Islamic Penal Code in 2013, our country, based on rich religious sources and Islamic standards, the Qur'an, Sunnah and reason with the approach of "criminal tolerance" approves benevolent and opportunistic institutions such as suspending punishment and new institutions such as impunity, postponement of sentence, alternative Imprisonment in Articles 39, 40 to 57 in the section on light punishments, grades 6, 7 and 8, and according to Articles 87 and 94, all punishments committed by juveniles are adapted and prosecuted institutions, and alternative prosecution and the usefulness of the prosecution system, such as: Suspension and postponement of the prosecution The filing of the case, the cessation of prosecution and mediation in Articles 79 80, 81, 501, 502 and 551 to 558 of the Criminal Procedure Code approved in 1392, amended 1394 provided. It is closely related to many concepts of progressive criminal policy, such as: human dignity, individualization of criminal justice, impunity, etc. In this article, with a descriptive-analytical method, it can be inferred that the examples and scope of tolerance in lenient institutions and facilities and its application in some Sharia punishments and the scope of approaches based on tolerant facilities and facilities such as suspension of prosecution, postponement of prosecution, Mediation, filing a case, etc. in crimes subject to hadd, retaliation punishment, diyat, and especially ta'zir punishments can be enforced by observing the principles and norms of Sharia. Although in theory it requires basic research and study, objectively and practically the need for field research can be cited. It is hoped that jurists especially in universities and headquarters of the judiciary, make this important as a research priority and to implement whatever More and better, the current regulations should be adequately monitored in order to reduce the criminal population and related crime statistics and to ... Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Taxonomic study of Tanacetum polycephalum in Hamedan province with emphasis on floristic marker and using special station method
مریم Ahmadi طاهره Ghasemkhani M. Atri A. ChehreganiTanacetum L. is one of the largest genus of Asteraceae family and constitutes one of the most problematic genera in terms of taxonomic complexity, especially concerning genus delimitation against closely related entities. The Tanacetum species are rich in essential oils MoreTanacetum L. is one of the largest genus of Asteraceae family and constitutes one of the most problematic genera in terms of taxonomic complexity, especially concerning genus delimitation against closely related entities. The Tanacetum species are rich in essential oils, bitter components and sesquiterpene lactones. Tanacetum polycephalum Shultz Bip. is a widespread and polymorphic species in Iran. To determine intraspecific variations in T. polycephalum from taxonomic point of view and effective ecological factors, data were collected using special station method. In this way, ten special stations were recognized for T. polycephalum in Hamedan province. Floristic data (floristic marker) were analyzed with Anaphyto software by FCA method. Morphometric data analysis of individual collected from each special station, by using 60 vegetative and reproductive characters, was made with PCO and UPGMA methods and ecologic data were analyzed with CCA method. Analysis of floristic data led to the identification of 4 separate groups that were indicative of the existence of intra-specific diversity. Analysis of morphometric data confirmed the 4-mentioned floristic groups. Analysis of ecologic data showed that ecological factors are effective in grouping and forming special stations diversity, accordingly, 3 phenoecodeme are identifiable and can be introduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of ampicillin and penicillin in human plasma using multivariate calibration
Ali Niazi Elham Janforozadeh Tahereh Momeni-Isfahani Neda Khorshidi -
Open Access Article
99 - Anodic stripping voltammetry determination of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu in blood samples of children in some areas of Ibb governorate
Nabil A.F. Alhemiary Mohamad A.H. Al-Duais Ali A. Mutair Anwar A. Wassel Bassam M. Alshrabi Bilal A. Albadany -
Open Access Article
100 - Design novel optical sensor for determination of bismuth based on immobilization of 4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-naphthol on a triacetylcellulose membrane
Ali Niazi Shiva Karimi Afshar -
Open Access Article
101 - Vanadium (IV and V) speciation with a catechol derivative and tetrazolium salt
Kiril Blazhev Gavazov Petya Racheva Vanya Dimitrova Lekova Atanas Nikolov Dimitrov -
Open Access Article
102 - Determination of ultra trace of thiosemicarbazide by adsorptive stripping voltammetric method
Laleh Hosseinzadeh Hossein Khani Shahryar Abbasi -
Open Access Article
103 - Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of lead, copper and nickel using xylenol orange by partial least squares
Jahan B. Ghasemi Samira Kariminia -
Open Access Article
104 - Spectrophotometric determination of uranium in water samples after cloud point extraction using nonionic surfactant Triton X-114
Ali Niazi Ahmad Akrami Elham Sinka Karimi Fatemeh Bagheban Shahri -
Open Access Article
105 - HPTLC-densitometry method development and validation for simultaneous determination of abacavir, lamivudine and zidovudine in combined dosage form
Adnan A. Bekhit Adissu Alemayehu Abdel-Maaboud I. Mohamed Ariaya Hymete -
Open Access Article
106 - Spectrophotometric simultaneous determination of nickel, cobalt and copper by orthogonal signal correction–partial least squares
Shayessteh Dadfarnia Masoud Rohani Moghadam Ali Mohammad Haji Shabani Jahanbakhsh Ghasemi -
Open Access Article
107 - Determination of trace amounts of lead by adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry in the presence of xylenol orange
Ali Niazi Roya Tajik Samira Kamel Foladi -
Open Access Article
108 - Preconcentration and determination of palladium water samples by ionic liquid - dispersive liquid liquid microextraction combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry
Majid Ramezani Mohsen Heidarzadeh Fatemeh Yousefi -
Open Access Article
109 - Separation of Trace Amount Cu (II) Using Octadecyl Silica Membrane Disks - Nano Graphene Modified N, N -disalicylideneethylenediamine
Ali Moghimi -
Open Access Article
110 - Determination of Trace Amounts of Gold in Environmental Samples by Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry of Its Complex with Rhodamine Using Osc-Pls
A. Akrami A. Niazi F. Bagheban-Shahri -
Open Access Article
111 - Extraction and Determination of Pb(II) by Organic Functionalisation of Graphenes Adsorbed on Surfactant Coated C18 in Environmental Sample
A. Moghimi S. Yousefi Siahkalrodi -
Open Access Article
112 - Evaluating the Quality and Physicochemical Properties of Honey Commercialized in Iran
Maryam Jalili -
Open Access Article
113 - Monitoring of Edible Oils Quality in Restaurants and Fast Food Centers Using Peroxide and Acid Values
Hassan Hassanzadazar Farhad Ghayurdoost Majid Aminzare Ehsan Mottaghianpour Borzoo Taami -
Open Access Article
114 - The Synthesis of Surfactant Coated Glass Foam to Extract and Determine Trace Quantities of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Drinking Water
Samaneh Ahmadi-Asoori Ali Mirabi Elham Tazikeh-Lemseki Esmaeil Babanezhad Orimi Mohammad Habibi Juybari -
Open Access Article
115 - Application of Modified Nanocellulose with 2-aminopyrimidine as a New Sorbent for Separation and Determination of Trace Amounts of Nickel Ions in Human Blood and Urine
Ali Mirabi -
Open Access Article
116 - Adult Normal Value and Deficiency Percentage of Serum Zinc in both Sexes Iraqi Healthy Population, using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer (AAS)
Fadhil Muhsin Abid Nagham Abdulraheem Jasim Aseel M. Aljeboree Falah H. Hussein -
Open Access Article
117 - Application of Continuous Wavelet Transform Coupled with Zero-crossing Technique for the Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Sacubitril and Valsartan in Tablet Dosage Form
Mitra Tohidi Majid Ramezani Ali Mehramizi -
Open Access Article
118 - Age Structure and Growth Rate of Perch (Perca fluviatils) in Lahijan Amirkelayeh Wetland
محمد وفاجوی دیانتی حسین خارا علی بانی رضوان اله کاظمی مریم صائمیIn this research, age structure and growth pattern of Perch (Perca fluviatils Linnaeus, 1758) from the Lahijan Amirkelayeh Wetland was studied on a monthly basis in a year. In total, 265 specimens were caught and the weight and length were measured and the age was deter MoreIn this research, age structure and growth pattern of Perch (Perca fluviatils Linnaeus, 1758) from the Lahijan Amirkelayeh Wetland was studied on a monthly basis in a year. In total, 265 specimens were caught and the weight and length were measured and the age was determined by opercula and scaleand#39;s reading. The age data showed that the fish were between 2 + to 6 +. Male, female fish classified respectively in 12 and 13 length frequencies groups. The average instantaneous growth rate of perch showed that the age groups 2 + to 3 + with 0.461 grew faster than other groups and slowest growth belonged to age groups of 5 + to 6 + with 0.231. Condition factor of specimens showed that the highest one with 2.49 (r 2= 0.938) belong to female and the lowest one with 1.06 (r2= 0.944) belong to male fish. Pauliand#39;s applied growth pattern showed almost an isometric growth for total, male, and female fish and tendency to positive allometric growth. Total sex ratio (178 male to 78 female) showed a significant difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Analytical Study of Fate – Determinism and Free will – Torment and Calamity and Toil from the Viewpoint of Theologians and Attar Nishabouri
Mohammad Hassan Saeni Tooraj AghdaeeAbstract The implication of fate and the study of determinism and free will, the analysis of torment and calamity have had profound relationship with the cultural, literal traditions of Iran since the ancient times; which has MoreAbstract The implication of fate and the study of determinism and free will, the analysis of torment and calamity have had profound relationship with the cultural, literal traditions of Iran since the ancient times; which has originated from thoughtful and moderate essence of man and has always been associated with man's creation. Is human being in need of analyzing the dimensions of his existence? Such a need is no doubt in the traits of his rational beliefs and is necessary to deal with the Divine's profound implication and their impact on man's life and his tackle with the types of calamity and pains in his life. Man's fate, from his birth has been determined in the presence of Almighty and man throughout his life is the owner of his destiny and choose whatever approach, whether good or bad and lead it to the eternity and register the consequence of his deed in his individual charter. Islam invites man to speculate about the initiation and the terminal of creation and bewares him from mere dependence on the mundane life and leads him toward the creator and the death and what comes aftermaths. Of the significant Divine specification is that man is encouraged to develop to have a kind and ideal life which must be in accordance with the correct criteria of wisdom. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - analysis of Association among ISSR Markers and Important Traits in Different Soybean Cultivars by Regression Method
zahra malekmohamadi hosein sabori abas beyabani ebrahim hezarjaribi ahmadreza dadras.One of the big advances in identifying markers is the identification of continuous markers with agronomic traits, as well as the value of markers in the analysis of heritability of traits in crops is specified. In this study was assessed, the relationship between agron More.One of the big advances in identifying markers is the identification of continuous markers with agronomic traits, as well as the value of markers in the analysis of heritability of traits in crops is specified. In this study was assessed, the relationship between agronomic traits and molecular marker ISSR in different genotypes of soybean. The genetic diversity different genotypes of soybean by using the 10 ISSR primer showed that Among 68 amplified fragment of cultivars were generated, 34 fragments were ploy morphic. PIC values varied between 0.147 to 0.058 for primers. Maximum level of marker index obtained for primer PRI-6 with value of 8.39 which indicating a higher resolution of this primer than the other. Association analysis was performed using structure matrix and statistical models of GLM and MLM by using TASSEL software for 21 variables. The MLM model in 5 percent probability level identified 6 markers related to evaluated traits. According to the results of Association analysis the highest of coefficient determination was for ISSR9-2 with 0.21 percent explanation of variation of number main branch. A total of, due to the high genetic diversity statistics, the ISSR10-1, ISSR2-3 and ISSR2-4 markers can be used to other breeding programs Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - One Common Way to Deny the Validity of an Arbitration Agreement is to Invalidate the Original Contract or to Terminate theOriginal contract
mehdi asgharimoghaddam مصطفی ماندگار مصطفی السانOne common way to deny the validity of an arbitration agreement is to invalidate the original contract or to terminate the original contract: the invalidity of the arbitration agreement argues that because the original contract is invalid, the arbitration clause is inva MoreOne common way to deny the validity of an arbitration agreement is to invalidate the original contract or to terminate the original contract: the invalidity of the arbitration agreement argues that because the original contract is invalid, the arbitration clause is invalid or Since the original contract has been terminated, the arbitration contract must also be considered as terminated and as a result the arbitrator is not competent to deal with the dispute. If a transaction is terminated as a result of termination or cancellation and as a result of the original of the transaction or contract it is dissolved, the foreseeable arbitration clause will, like all other obligations and conditions, be void unless the parties to the dispute Going to the principle of a contract or transaction and terminating the validity of a dispute may be disagreed that it must be treated in accordance with Article 636 of the Old Civil Procedure Code. And the mere insertion of an arbitration clause in a contract that has been terminated or annulled is not an obligation for the court to refer to arbitration. In the present study, the author attempts to investigate the ambiguities in the arbitration terms and the effect of claiming the termination of the contract on the arbitration condition, as well as to find legal vacancies around it using a descriptive-analytic method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Teens perception scale standardization of practices by parents, and compared the relationship between the girls and boys in Tehran
Narges Babakhani Elahe Hejaze moghani Hasan PashasharifiA questionnaire perception of parental educational practices (POPS) by (Grvlnyk et al., 1997) was prepared,A questionnaire perception of parental educational practices (POPS) by (Grvlnyk et al., 1997) was prepared, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - A comparative study of novice and experienced EFL teachers’ remotivational strategies: Ecological systems and Self-determination theories in perspective
Hadis Sadr Alavian Hasssan Asadollahfam Mohammadhossein YousefiThis study, drawing on a dual theoretical standpoint constituting ecological systems theory (EST) and self-determination theory (SDT), compared Iranian novice and experienced EFL teachers’ remotivational strategies. The participants, selected based on convenience sampli MoreThis study, drawing on a dual theoretical standpoint constituting ecological systems theory (EST) and self-determination theory (SDT), compared Iranian novice and experienced EFL teachers’ remotivational strategies. The participants, selected based on convenience sampling technique, comprised two equal 32-member groups of novice and experienced EFL teachers teaching different proficiency levels at six language institutes. To gather data, semi-structured interviews were conducted. The results of thematic data analysis indicated that novice and experienced teachers were approximately similar in terms of the emerging theme instances situated within the integrative SDT/EST framework. Nonetheless, novice and experienced teachers were markedly different concerning the number of theme instances for each SDT facet positioned in the EST layers. Moreover, the results of Chi-square test demonstrated significant differences between novice and experienced teachers in terms of the number of themes existing in the SDT/EST frame. The results, enhancing teacher educators’ understanding of the similarities and disparities between novice and experienced teachers’ perceptions of remotivational strategies, can provide teachers and teacher educators with awareness concerning how remotivational strategies are nested across multiple systems while simultaneously being informed by a certain motivation-specific theory. Manuscript profile
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