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Open Access Article
1 - The Short Run and Long Run Dynamic Analysis of Crude Oil Price on Methanol: The Case Study of Iran
علی اکبر نیکواقبال نادیا گندلی علیخانی اسماعیل نادریThe survey of energy, as a strategic commodity in the world and also how to analyze the effect of changes prices on the key its factors in the economy, has always been important. The significance of this case in IRAN is multiplied, because the policy making in this coun MoreThe survey of energy, as a strategic commodity in the world and also how to analyze the effect of changes prices on the key its factors in the economy, has always been important. The significance of this case in IRAN is multiplied, because the policy making in this country as one of huge owners of energy resources in the world, is not only effective on domestic and foreign petroleum price, but also will be effective on other variables in the economy. On the other hand, non-oil export expansion has been attempted by policy makers in recent decades, following the increasing volatility of oil prices and its export revenue. Accordingly, methanol, as one of the most used petrochemical products, has great potential in the field of production and non-oil exports in that country. The main aim of this survey is short- run and long run relationships between crude oil and methanol prices from last week of 1387/10 to last week of 1390/6. To do so, the VECM model has been used. Our findings suggest that there is a significant long-run relationship between crude oil and methanol prices, while this is not true in the short run. So, petrochemical companies must always regulate the oil price fluctuations in order to control their product markets, because the stability of foreign exchange earnings from methanol exports as one of non-oil exports items is faced with uncertainty, with increasing crude oil price changes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Sensing of Methanol and Ethanol with Nano-Structured SnO2 (110) in Gas Phase: Monte Carlo Simulation
N. Mangkorntong L. Mahdavian F. Mollaamin M. Monajjemi -
Open Access Article
3 - Platinium-Ruthenium electrocatalyst as sensor electrode for methanol oxidation
Mohammad Yari Sajjad Sedaghat -
Open Access Article
4 - Theoretical study of catalytic reduction of CO2 with H20 by BOC-MP method
B. Khezri K. Zare H. Aghaie -
Open Access Article
5 - Platinum Nanoparticles Deposited on Oxygen-Containing Functional Groups at Carbon Vulcane XC-72 as a Cathode Catalyst for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Sajjad Sedaghat Sharehjini Mohammad Yari Omid Moradi -
Open Access Article
6 - Compatibility of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana with some plant extracts and chemical pesticides
Nasim Omrani manizheh jamshidi Sevil NematollahiBackground & Objective: The compatability of biological control agents with pesticides is a central concern in integrated pest management programs. Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vull is one of the entomopathogenics fungus. The fungal vegetative growth might change due MoreBackground & Objective: The compatability of biological control agents with pesticides is a central concern in integrated pest management programs. Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vull is one of the entomopathogenics fungus. The fungal vegetative growth might change due to chemical pesticides that are used for protect of plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of Achillea millefolium L. and Metha pulegium extracts with fipronil, phosalone, sulfur and benomyl pesticides with B. bassiana. Material and Methodology: The experiment was done based on a complete randomized design at Tabriz Azad University Iran, during 2018. PDA fungal cultivation medium was amended with plant extracts and chemical pesticides at concentrations of 250, 500, 750 and 1000 µl/l and the fungal vegetative growth was evaluated. Extraction was done by using acetone and methanol as solvents. Medium without pesticide and extract was used as control treatment. Findings: The highest inhibition in fungal mycelium development was observed in 250 and 500 µl/l of benomyl. Inhibition in fungal mycelium development in 750 µl/l was as follows: phosalone and benomyl > sulfur and fipronil >M. pulegium > A. millefolium extract. In 1000 µl/l pesticides had the highest inhibition in its development. The fungal vegetative growth showed that no significant difference between the acetonic and methanolic extracts of A. millefolium and M. pulegium. Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that extracts of A. millefolium, M. pulegium and fipronil in low concentration were compatible whit B. bassiana and it seemed that using of them with the defined concentration along the Entomopathogenic fungi could be propper in management integrated program. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Study effect of methanolic extract of Peganum Harmala and Harmine on Kidney tissue damage of diabetes mellitus in male Wistar rats
Forough Kajbaf Shahrbanoo Oryan Ramesh Ahmadi Akram EidiIntroduction: The dangerous side effects of diabetes are diabetic nephropathy, which has a relatively high prevalence in diabetic patients and causes renal failure. Investigating the process of destruction and the mechanisms that prevent it, in order to reduce the tissu MoreIntroduction: The dangerous side effects of diabetes are diabetic nephropathy, which has a relatively high prevalence in diabetic patients and causes renal failure. Investigating the process of destruction and the mechanisms that prevent it, in order to reduce the tissue damage, especially with the treatment of plants, can be a significant issue. Material and methods: In this research, Espand with scientific name of Peganum harmala, a plant of the Zygophyllaceae family and its effective substance called harmine in diabetes-induced renal injury, were studied on 80 male Wistar rats in experimental and diabetic groups. Rats were treated with methanolic extract of seeds and leaves of Peganum Harmala and Harmine. After tissue passage and fixation, Microscopic slides were prepared and studied. In tissue studies, four factors of epithelial changes, tubular destruction, leukocyte inflammation and capillary obstruction were detected in the kidneys. Results: The diabetic rat group received harmine and the diabetic rats receiving the extract of the seed were less damaged, while in the diabetic rats recieveing the leaf extract these lesions was higher and it was interesting to note that there was no difference in the experimental groups with the positive control group. Conclusion: According to the tissue results in our study, seed extract and harmine have the ability to prevent tissue damage caused by diabetes, which can be attributed to the harmine alkaloid in the seed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Synthesis of Sulfonated Polystyrene/acrylate–ionic Liquid (Si-SPS/A–IL) Hybrid Membranes for Methanol Fuel Cells
Mohammad Galehassadi Alireza Khani -
Open Access Article
9 - Preparation of Cerium-Hierarchical SAPO-34 Catalyst and Presentation of a Kinetic Model for Methanol to Propylene Process (MTP)
Masoumeh Ghalbi-Ahangari Ali Taheri-Najafabadi Parviz Rashidi-Ranjbar Zahra Taheri -
Open Access Article
10 - Antibacterial effect and chemical composition of Satureja bachtiarica
Nikta Ebrahimi Saghar Ketabchi Vahid RowshanIn this study antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract and essential oil of Satureja bachtiarica were evaluated by “disk diffusion method” on Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Rhizobium radiobacter, Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomona MoreIn this study antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract and essential oil of Satureja bachtiarica were evaluated by “disk diffusion method” on Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Rhizobium radiobacter, Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, Bacillis subtilis, Pectobacterium cartovorum and Pectobacterium atrosepticum. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) determined by using a serial dilution method. The lowest inhibitory consistency of MIC and MBC values of Satureja bachtiarica essential oil and methanolic extract was observe on Bacillus subtillis. Chemical composition of essential oil and methanolic extract were determined by GC-MS and HPLC respectively. The major components of essential oil were: Carvacrol 53.94, γ- terpinene13.08, Tymole 11.16, P-symene 6.54, E- caryophylene2.16, Bornole1.2, Linalool2.49, α- terpnene. HPLC analysis of methanolic extract showed ten type of compound: Carcacrol (461.48mlgr/lit), Quercetin (75.80mlgr/lit) Eugenol (60.61mlgr/lit) Hesperetin (24.29mlgr/lit), Hesperedin(13.75mlgr/lit), Rutin (13.23mlgr/lit), Catechin (9.721mlgr/lit), Vanillin(1.01mlgr/lit), Caffeic acid (0.0812ml gr/lit), P-coumaric acid (2mlgr/lit), that are present in varying amount.Our result indicated that Satureja bachtiarica essential oil showed high antibacterial activity against all selected bacteria whereas, methanolic extract showed antibacterial activity against Xanthomona saxonopodis pv. citri, Bacillis subtilis, Ralstonia solanacearum, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. In general, essential oil and methanolic extract have strong antimicrobial activity against these pathogens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Optimization of energy consumption in methanol unit using pinch technology and modification of heat exchanger arrangement
Payam Barzegar Amin Ahmadpour Hamid Kazemi Esfeh Mohammad Sharei S.M. PeyghambarzadehThe main goal of this paper is the use of pinch technology and revision in heat exchanger network layout to optimize energy consumption in a methanol unit of a petrochemical company. First of all, the process flow diagrams (PFD) and the current state of the heat exchang MoreThe main goal of this paper is the use of pinch technology and revision in heat exchanger network layout to optimize energy consumption in a methanol unit of a petrochemical company. First of all, the process flow diagrams (PFD) and the current state of the heat exchangers network were studied. Then, the necessary data were analyzed, process heat exchangers and their characteristics were compiled and the physical properties of the streamlines at different temperatures were calculated. Then, the target network was distinguished and the network was modified and pinch analysis was performed using ASPEN HYSYS software and ASPEN ENERGY ANALAYZER software. Finally, different scenarios based on pinch analysis were compiled and feasibility, computational, process and operational analysis was performed. Finally, by calculating energy efficiency in each scenario, only one scenario was selected and introduced as the best scenario. According to the selected scenario, the E-1001exchanger, which uses low pressure steam to heat the incoming feed gas, is transferred to another location in order to not only reduce the steam consumption, but also reduce the unit's power consumption by reducing the air fan load. The profit from this scenario was approximately equal to 1.5 billion tomans per year. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Effect of Foliar Application of Methanol on Yield and some of Physiological Treats in Bean
M. MirAkhori, F. Paknejad Y. Reihani P. Nazeri F. Yeganeh Pour N. Jamshidi M. GaffariTo investigate the effects of methanol on relative water content (RWC) and leaf chlorophyll content of common bean an experiment was carried out at the Research Field of the Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch in 2009. MoreTo investigate the effects of methanol on relative water content (RWC) and leaf chlorophyll content of common bean an experiment was carried out at the Research Field of the Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch in 2009. A factorial experiment with randomized complete block design with three replications was used. First factor consisted of 8 levels of aqueous spraying on plants [0 (control), 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40% (v/v) methanol] by 3 times during growing season at 12 days intervals. Traits measured were grain yield, RWC, chlorophyll content and dry weight of the plants. These traits measured before and after methanol spraying. Results showed that were significant differences between methanol spraying solution on leaf chlorophyll content and RWC after second and third stages at 1% and on grain yield at 5% probability levels. Methanol using affected to dry weight accumulation. Means comparison showed that increasing levels of methanol foliar application increase chlorophyll content and relative water content. Effect of M3, M4 and M5 methanol levels on measured traits was greater than other treatments. Application of methanol increased grain yield, chlorophyll content, relative water content and leaf area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Effects of Methanol on Yield and Yield Components of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
M. Sogani F. Paknejad I. Nadali F. Elahipanah M. GhafariTo investigate the effects of methanol on the yield and the yield components of chickpea, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design during three replications at the Research Field of Islamic Azad University Karaj Branch in th MoreTo investigate the effects of methanol on the yield and the yield components of chickpea, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design during three replications at the Research Field of Islamic Azad University Karaj Branch in the year 2008. Aqueous solutions 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% (v/v) of methanol containing 0.2% glycine as well as the two varieties of ILC 482 and Azad were factors of this study. After flowering, these solutions were sprayed over the plant heads three times in one-week intervals. The results of the ANOVA indicated that the effects of solutions on yield, 100 seed weight, biological yield and plant height were significant. Also, significant differences on all the characteristics under investigation except plant height and harvest index were evident between the two varieties (ILC 482 and Azad). Interactive effects on biological yield, yield and 100 seed weight were respectively significant at 1%, 1% and 5%, probability levels. According to the results, the Azad variety on 10% of methanol application produced the highest yield (2482.6 kg/ha) which is an increase of 126% as compared with the control. The ILC 482 variety on 20% of methanol application reached the second rank after Azad by 2425.5 kg/ha and it improved 50% in relation to the control. The mentioned treatments had similar biological yield conditions. Highest 100 seed weight increased 40% and 30% respectively as with by 36.98 gr. for ILC 482 on the 10% of methanol and 35.03 gr. for Azad on the 5% at methanol. The application of methanol, as a source of carbon, increases more carbon fixation by inhibiting the photorespiration. Therefore, it can be a positive factor in improving the photosynthesis and increasing the yield of chickpea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Effects Foliar Application of Methanol at Different Growth Stages on Kernel Related Traits in Chickpea var. ILC 482
N. Naeimi, Mehrdad Yarnia E. KhalilvandThis research was conducted to evaluate the effects of foliar application of methanol on certain kernel related traits at different growth stages of pea var. ILC482 at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2011. The MoreThis research was conducted to evaluate the effects of foliar application of methanol on certain kernel related traits at different growth stages of pea var. ILC482 at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2011. The study was conducted in split plot experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Treatments were three levels methanol foliar application at different growth stages (vegetative, reproductive and foliar application at both two stages) which considered as main factor, six levels of foliar application of methanol concentrations: (0 [control], 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30%) as sub factor. Results showed that the interactions of methanol applications growth stages and its concentrations on grain number per plant, 100 kernel weight, grain yield, grain filing rate and harvest index were significantly different. Foliar application of methanol at reproductive stage decrease kernel related traits, but this application at both growth stages had positive effect on grain production and kernel related traits. This positive effect on number and 100 kernel weight were significant. The highest grain yield (2460 kg/ha) was obtained by 20% concentration of methanol at both growth stages that increased grain yield above 13.5% compared to the control condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Effects of Foliar Rates of Methanol Applications on some of Traits Related to Seed Yield of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under Water Deficit Stress
E. Khalilvand Behrouzyar M. Yarnia E. Farajzadeh M. HerischiTo investigate the effects of rates of methanol foliar applications under water deficit stress on someof traits related to seed yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L), a split plot experiment was conducted during growing seasons of 2011-2012. Treatments were four leve MoreTo investigate the effects of rates of methanol foliar applications under water deficit stress on someof traits related to seed yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L), a split plot experiment was conducted during growing seasons of 2011-2012. Treatments were four levels of water deficit stresses a1: severe stress (irrigation at 25% FC), a2: mild stress (irrigation at 50% FC), a3: fair stress (irrigation at 75% FC) and a4: normal irrigation (irrigation at 100% FC) and six levels of foliar methanol applications [b1:0, b2:7, b3:14, b4:21, b5:28 and b6:35 (v/v)]. The analysis of variance showed significant effect of interaction between water deficit stress and methanol rates of foliar applications on seed yield per plant, dry weight per plant, number of seeds per head (p<0.01) and percentage of seed per fruit (p<0.05). The highest (96.69 g/plant) and the lowest (67.78 g/plant) seed yields were related to the 21% [v/v] foliar application of methanol under normal irrigation and control (without methanol application) in severe stress respectively (seed yield increase of about 42%). 21% (v/v) foliar application of methanol under normal irrigation also resulted in highest ( 53.34 g) and 0% (v/v) foliar application of methanol under severe stress in the lowest (31.42 g) oil yield per plant (69% increase). Also, 21% (v/v) foliar application of methanol under normal irrigation resulted in highest (465.4 g) and in severe stress had the lowest (191.5 g) dry weight per plant (a 2.4 fold increase in dry seed weight). Besides,the highest seed number per head was related to 21% (v/v) methanol foliar application under normal irrigation. Using 21% (v/v) methanol foliar application under normal irrigation increased seed number per head by 2/3 times in comparison with that of control under severe drought stress. The results also proved that 14% (v/v) foliar application of methanol under normal irrigation did increase seed (achene) yield by 32% and reduced percentage of ovary wall to seed by 2/1 fold. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Effects of Foliar Application of Methanol on Yield and Yield Components of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under Water Deficit Stress Conditions
نظام Armand حمزه Amiri A. IsmaeiliTo evaluate the effects of foliar application of methanol on yield and yield components of bean under drought stress, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications at Khatam-Al-Anbia University of Behbahan. The firs MoreTo evaluate the effects of foliar application of methanol on yield and yield components of bean under drought stress, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications at Khatam-Al-Anbia University of Behbahan. The first factor was different levels of methanol consisting of 0 (control), 10, 20 and 30 volumetric percentage (v/v), which were applied foliarly at three times with 10 days intervals during growing season of bean. The second factor was moisture regimes with three levels of irrigation at 25, 75 and 100 percent of field capacity. Results of this study showed significant differences among levels of methanol concentrations as to dry weight of pod, pod width and length, seed length and number of pod per plant. All of the yield components were mainly decreased by severe drought stress. As a whole, application of methanol did not increase yield of bean under drought condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - In vitro assessment of antimicrobial effect of methanolic extract of Peganum harmala against some important foodborne bacterial pathogens
طیبه zeinali محمد Mohsenzadeh رویا Rezaeian-Doloei رویا NabipourFoodborne bacterial pathogens play an important role in food infections/intoxications in human population. With ever increasing the number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, there is an attempt to use the antimicrobial properties of herbs. Peganum harmala is a m MoreFoodborne bacterial pathogens play an important role in food infections/intoxications in human population. With ever increasing the number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, there is an attempt to use the antimicrobial properties of herbs. Peganum harmala is a medicinal plant of Iraniantraditional medicine which was used as an antiseptic in the past. Amongthe foodborne bacterial pathogens, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes are considered as the most important and hazardous pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of methanolic extract of Peganum harmala against these bacteria in vitro. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of methanolic extract of Peganum harmala was determined against three foodborne bacterial pathogens by micro-dilution method in Muller-Hinton broth. According to the results, MIC for E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium was 1.56 mg/ml. In the case of L. monocytogenes, it was estimated at 0.78 mg/ml. Moreover, results revealed that MBC for these organisms was similar to MIC concentrations. Regarding the results, Peganum harmala can be used as an ingredient in the formula of the disinfectants applied in the food systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Synthesis of Nanostructured MnNiAPSO-34 Catalyst: Catalytic Properties and Performance
Parisa Sadeghpour Mohammad Haghighi -
Open Access Article
19 - Effects of methanol spraying on some biochemical and physiological characteristics of soybean (Glycine max L.) under drought stress
Behzad Amraei Farzad Paknejad Mohammadali Ebrahimi Hamid SobhanianIn order to investigate the effect of foliar application of methanol and drought stress on some biochemical properties of soybean (Glaycine max L.), a pot experiment was done in farm environment. The experiments were done in factorial form based on a completely random d MoreIn order to investigate the effect of foliar application of methanol and drought stress on some biochemical properties of soybean (Glaycine max L.), a pot experiment was done in farm environment. The experiments were done in factorial form based on a completely random design with 3 repetitions. Treatments included three irrigation levels of normal (irrigation after 40% depletion of available soil moisture), average stress (irrigation after 60% depletion of available soil moisture), and severe stress (irrigation after 70% depletion of available soil moisture) as the main factor and levels of methanol in the form of foliar application including control solutions (foliar application without use of methanol) and solutions of 14.7% and 21% of methanol as secondary factor. Results obtained from the study showed that there were significant differences between various levels of methanol in content of chlorophyll and carotenoid compounds, relative water content, phenolic compounds, total protein content, proline, and leaf peroxide hydrogen in (P≤0.01). With the application of stress from mild to severe, application of 14% methanol showed more pronounced effects on total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. Moreover, under mild and severe stress conditions, with application of the highest value of methanol, production of peroxide hydrogen reached lowest level and the content of phenolic compounds increased with the increased application of methanol from 7% to 14%. According to the obtained results, with application of 14% methanol, more increase was observed in the efficiency of proline under severe stress conditions. Increasing the volume of methanol from 7 to 14%, the relative water content was preserved under stress conditions. For protein, with increased drought stress, the effect of application of 14% methanol was the same in comparison with 21% methanol. Therefore, according to the obtained results, it is concluded that methanol could improve plant resistance against drought stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Essential oils composition and antimicrobal effects of essential oils and methanol extracts of Salvia multicaulis.Vahl against Xanthomonas translucens pv. Cerealis
امیر Azizi A.M Azizi غلامرضا AziziSalvia multicaulis Vahl. is one of the important unique medicinal plants the it use has been known from past by native people. Ground parts of plant collected were submitted to water distillation for 3 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus and sample were extracted by usin MoreSalvia multicaulis Vahl. is one of the important unique medicinal plants the it use has been known from past by native people. Ground parts of plant collected were submitted to water distillation for 3 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus and sample were extracted by using a scxhlet apparatus for about 6 h. Constituents of essential oils and methanolic extracts of Salvia multicaulis Vahl were collected from arak and analysed by GC & GC-Mass. Twenty-tree componets representing 98.2% of the oil, were identified. The main constituents of the oil and extracts were 1,8 cyneol (24.78%) and camphor (17.95%). Then the effects of different concentrations of essential oil and methanolic extracts prepared from leaves of Xanthomonas translucens pv. Cerealis were tested. In this investigation use of controller and different dilutions of essential and extracted of Salvia multicaulis Vahl were treatments. The disc diffusion method was employed for the determination of antimicrobial activites of essential oil and methanolic extracted. At concentration used inhibition zone was 12.5 mm indiameter wholl applayed extracted solution for well and disc method. But inhibition zone was 8 mm indiameter at each two method. The essential oil (60 percent) and the dilutions of methanolic extracts (80 percent) on Xanthomonas translucens pv. Cerealis had MBC efficacy.The dilutions of essential oil 20 percent also the dilutions of methanolic extracts 20 percent on Xanthomonas translucens pv. Cerealis had MIC efficacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Dehydration of Methanol to Dimethyl Ether using Y Zeolite Nano-catalyst Prepared via Hydrothermal Technique
Hamid Ghaffari Mohamad Mahdi Zerafat Sahar Foorginezhad -
Open Access Article
22 - Effects of Pimpinella saxifraga L. extracts on environmental isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and HeLa cell line
Fatemeh Shams Moattar Mirsassan Mirpour Naghmeh HemmatiPimpinella saxifraga L. is a genus of aromatic plants native to northern Iran. Some of its medicinal benefits are already known. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Pimpinella saxifraga L. plant extract on some environmental isolates of Enterococcu MorePimpinella saxifraga L. is a genus of aromatic plants native to northern Iran. Some of its medicinal benefits are already known. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Pimpinella saxifraga L. plant extract on some environmental isolates of Enterococcus faecalis and the HeLa cell line. After collecting the plant and drying it, methanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared. Since phenolic compounds have multiple effects, the number of phenolic compounds in the methanolic extract was measured by the Folin-ciocalteu method. Antibacterial activity against E. faecalis was first measured by disk diffusion, and then MIC and MBC were measured by the Microdilution method. Finally, the anti-proliferative activity of plant extracts on the cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) was investigated using the MTT method. The volume of phenolic compounds in the methanolic extract was 968.33 mg/ml. The investigation of the antimicrobial effect showed that the methanolic extract has significant effects against E. faecalis. The MIC and MBC of this extract were 25 and 100 mg/ml, respectively, and the growth of the cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) was inhibited by about 13% by using MIC concentration. The results of the experiments demonstrated that the methanolic extract of P. saxifraga L. has an inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of Enterococcus faecalis and the HeLa cell line. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Antibacterial effect of methanolic extract of Eryngium Caeruleum and Mentha Spicata on Staphylococcus aureus in a food model at 15˚C
Fatemeh Amini Hamdollah Moshtaghi Maryam AbbasvaliIn this interventional investigation, the effect of methanol extract of Eryngium Caeruleum and Mentha Spicata (5% and 10% v/w) on Staphylococcus aureus in soy cheese at 106 cfu/ml at 15˚C for a period of 15 days was studied. Methanol extract of Eryngium caeruleum and Me MoreIn this interventional investigation, the effect of methanol extract of Eryngium Caeruleum and Mentha Spicata (5% and 10% v/w) on Staphylococcus aureus in soy cheese at 106 cfu/ml at 15˚C for a period of 15 days was studied. Methanol extract of Eryngium caeruleum and Mentha Spicata was prepared by soaking dried plants in 85% methanol. Soy cheese was made through coagulating of soy milk by calcium sulfate. Results were analyzed by one-way variance, ANOVA. In 15˚C, Staphylococcus aureus was faced with reduction in both concentrations (5% and 10% v/w) of methanol extract of E. caeruleum i.e. 1 and 2 log, and in both concentrations (5% and 10% v/w) of methanol extract of M. Spicata i.e. 2 and 4 log, respectively. The antibacterial effect of 10% extract of both of the plants on Staphylococcus aureus was more than 5% extract. Generally, results suggested that Eryngium caeruleum and Mentha Spicata have antibacterial effect, on Staphylococcus aureus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The use of peel extract of pomegranate in apple juice as a preservative against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrstris
zeinab Rezvanifard mohammad reza Eshaghi Mehdi HasanzadehAbstractThe aim of this work was to study the influence of pomegranate peel methanol extract on the Lactobacillus plantarum PTCC 1058, Saccharomyces cerevisiae PTCC 5269 and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris ATCC 49025 in apple juice. Three different concentration of pom MoreAbstractThe aim of this work was to study the influence of pomegranate peel methanol extract on the Lactobacillus plantarum PTCC 1058, Saccharomyces cerevisiae PTCC 5269 and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris ATCC 49025 in apple juice. Three different concentration of pomegranate peel extract (250, 500 and 1000 μg /ml) and control sample were prepared. The samples were stored at 4 °C for 60 days and acidity, pH value, microbial analysis, brix value were conducted at zero, 30 and 60 days. Physicochemical properties showed that acidity soured and pH decreased with increasing extract concentration. Turbidity was increased and brix value was decreased in storage time. Turbidity amount in 60th day were increased but treatment with 500 μg /ml had minimum turbidity. These results suggest the potential of pomegranate peel methanol extract as bio preservatives and have effect on decrease of turbidity in apple juice under refrigerated storage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Study the antimicrobial effects of methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum on foodborne bacteria
Leila Ghodrati Mehrdad Ataie Kachoie Sadegh Mousavi-Fard Fariborz MoattarHypericum perforatum is a medicinal plant of the genus Hypercasia that has phenolic and flavonoid compounds with high antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The present study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of the methanolic extract of Hypericum p MoreHypericum perforatum is a medicinal plant of the genus Hypercasia that has phenolic and flavonoid compounds with high antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The present study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of the methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum on food-borne bacteria. Aerial part of Hypericum perforatum was prepared from the research farm, and after approval by experts, it was dried and powdered and used to prepare methanolic extract. The diameter of the growth inhibition zone of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was assessed using disk diffusion and compared with antibiotics. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bacterial Concentration (MBC) of methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum were evaluated on the target bacteria using ELISA plate. The diameter of the growth inhibition zone of bacteria against the methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum ranged from 9.33±0.45 to 15.28±0.60 mm. Application of 100 mg/ml concentration of methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum caused the highest diameter of the growth inhibition zone of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.27±0.53 mm), Escherichia coli (13.20±0.59 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (15.28±0.60 mm). The antimicrobial effects of methanolic extract of fenugreek were dose-dependent (P <0.05). The lowest and highest levels of MIC and MBC of methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum were obtained for Staphylococcus aureus (0.0010 and 0.0019, respectively) and Escherichia coli (0.50 and 1.00, respectively). The diameter of the growth inhibition zone of bacteria treated with methanolic extract of Hypericum perforatum was higher compared to some antibiotic discs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Evaluation of antibacterial effects of Onions, methanol extracts and some antibiotics against the number of food born bacteria
yones Anzabi Afshin javadiIn this study, antibacterial effects of methanol extracts of red Onions with the scientific name; Allium cepa L.by the method of determining of MIC and MBC andthen perform antibiotic susceptibility test by the agar disk diffusion method onthe standard strains of some ba MoreIn this study, antibacterial effects of methanol extracts of red Onions with the scientific name; Allium cepa L.by the method of determining of MIC and MBC andthen perform antibiotic susceptibility test by the agar disk diffusion method onthe standard strains of some bacteria in terms of food hygiene and were compared with the effects of some antibiotics.Results showed that the highest inhibitory effect was on Yersinia enterocolitica and Clostridium perfrigenes (MIC=62.5µg/mL) and the lowest same effect was on Staphylococcos aureus(MIC=500µg/mL).As well as the most bactericidal effect was on Yersinia enterocolitica (MBC=62.5µg/mL) and the lowest same effect was on Staphylococcos aureus (MBC=1000µg/mL).Also the results ofantibiogram tests indicated that the onions, methanol extracts have optimum antibacterial effect to the effects of the Vancomycin and Nalidixic acid as standard antibiotics and the greatest impact of this terms submitted on Clostridium perfrigenes(gram-positive bacteria) and Yersinia enterocolitica(gram-negative bacteria) thatstatistically; in the range of p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - مطالعه آزمایشگاهی بر روی فعالیت ضد داسی شدن سلولی در Terminalia arjuna و Terminalia bellirica
آناند دیلید فیرودییا آبین مانی ویجای تاوانیBackground & Aim:Combretaceae family is known for efficacy in the management of sickle cell disorder (SCD). Based on the earlier reports of anti-sickling property of Terminalia genus the study investigates in vitro antisickling properties of Terminalia MoreBackground & Aim:Combretaceae family is known for efficacy in the management of sickle cell disorder (SCD). Based on the earlier reports of anti-sickling property of Terminalia genus the study investigates in vitro antisickling properties of Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia bellirica. Experimental: Anti-sickling assay of methanolic and aqueous extract of T. arjuna and T. bellirica on sickled RBCs were evaluated at different concentrations. The osmotic fragility test was done to explore the effect of extracts on haemoglobin S solubility and sickle cell membrane stability. Additionally antioxidant activity and phytochemical analysis of extracts was evaluated. Results: Treatment with the plant extracts at different concentrations showed decrease in percentage of sickled cells. Extract of T. arjuna had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) antisickling activity at the tested concentrations of 10 mg/ml. The methanolic extract at 10 mg/ml showed the best cell membrane stability as compared to T. bellirica extract. It was observed that, T. bellirica extract was deficient of alkaloid and tannins. Moreover, all extracts/fractions showed antioxidant activity, although lesser as compared to the standard. Recommended applications/industries: It was observed that the leaf extracts of T. arjuna has a significant antisickling effect, hence it can be potentially used in clinical management of SCD. The bioactive compounds can be used to supplement as well as management drug for sickle cell disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - واکنش فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis L) به تیمارهای هیدروالکلی متانول و اتانول
اسماعیل خسروی علی مهرآفرین حسنعلی نقدی بادی رضا حاجی آقایی محمدتقی خسرویمقدمه و هدف: هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی تأثیر محلول پاشی متانول و اتانول به عنوان یک فن آوری جدید و بی خطر در تولیدات گیاهی بر روی اجزای تشکیل دهنده اسانس بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis L.) متعلق به تیره نعناعیان (Lamiaceae) بود.روش تحقیق: آزمایش به صورت طرح بلوک­ها Moreمقدمه و هدف: هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی تأثیر محلول پاشی متانول و اتانول به عنوان یک فن آوری جدید و بی خطر در تولیدات گیاهی بر روی اجزای تشکیل دهنده اسانس بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis L.) متعلق به تیره نعناعیان (Lamiaceae) بود.روش تحقیق: آزمایش به صورت طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 15 تیمار و 3 تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی واقع در کرج در­ سال 1389 انجام­شد­. ­تیمارها شامل­ محلول­های­ هیدروالکلی­اتانول (10، 20، 30، 40 و 50 % حجمی)،­ متانول (10، 20، 30، 40 و 50 % حجمی)، مخلوط یکسان متانول و اتانول (5، 15و 25 % حجمی)، تیمار آب مقطر و شاهد (بدون محلول پاشی) بود.نتایج و بحث: نتایج به دست آمده از این تحقیق حاکی از آن بود که اعمال تیمارها در 11 شاخص مورد ارزیابی شده­ دارای تفاوت معنی داری نسبت به تیمار شاهد در سطح آماری (p≤0.01) بوده­اند. نتایج فیتوشیمیایی اسانس تیمارهای مورد مطالعه نشان داد که بیشترین میزان بتاکاریوفیلن، نرال، ژرانیال، کاریوفیلن اکساید، سیترونلال، دلتاکادینول، دلتا کادینن، ژرماکرن ب، ژرانیل استات مربوط به محلول­پاشی با متانول 50% و بیشترین میزان ترکیب کاریوفیلن و آلفا کادینول مربوط به تیمار با اتانول 50% بود. در مجموع از نتایج به دست آمده از این تحقیق می­توان چنین نتیجه گرفت که اعمال تیمارهای هیدروالکلی متانول و اتانول بر روی گیاه دارویی بادرنجبویه توانست باعث افزایش و تغییر در بیوسنتز اجزای تشکیل دهنده اسانس شود. به نظر می­رسد که بهره­گیری از روش محلول پاشی با الکل­ها می­تواند به عنوان یکی از فن­آوری­های نوین در بالا بردن عملکرد گیاهان دارویی به ویژه در شرایط خشک و نیمه خشک ، مفید واقع شود. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: توصیه می­شود در صنعت تولید گیاهان دارویی به خصوص در تولید گیاهان در نظام های کشاورزی پایدار به جهت استفاده خاص از این نوع گیاهان جهت تولید دارو، برای افزایش کمیت اسانس بادرنجبویه در اقالیم مشابه منطقه مورد مطالعه، استفاده از فن­آوری محلول پاشی با الکل­ها (متانول و اتانول 50%) برای این منظور مورد بهره برداری قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - خواص آنتی اکسیدانی و تجزیه و تحلیل GC-MS عصاره برگ های Sida acuta
آکیم یوسف تمیدایو اوگونمویول مری اوگوندارBackground & Aim: Active search for plants with diverse antioxidant and pharmacological properties capable of counteracting the deleterious effects of free radical-mediated pathologies, is still evolving. The current study investigates the phytochemical screening, a MoreBackground & Aim: Active search for plants with diverse antioxidant and pharmacological properties capable of counteracting the deleterious effects of free radical-mediated pathologies, is still evolving. The current study investigates the phytochemical screening, antioxidant mechanisms and gas-chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analysis of leaf extract of Sida acuta.Experimental: Powdered leaves of the plant was extracted in ethanol, methanol and water. Total phenolic and flavonoids contents of the extracts were measured using established protocols. Also, free radical scavenging activity against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide radicals (NO•.) as well as the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay were also evaluated. Furthermore, the structure and relative abundance of bioactive compounds in the methanolic leaf extract of Sida acuta was determined on GC-MS.Results: Results indicated that the total phenol and flavonoids content is significantly (P<0.05) higher in methanolic extract when compare with extracts from other solvents. Additionally, DPPH radical scavenging potency and FRAP of the extract is in the order; methanolic> aqueous> ethanolic, while the aqueous extract elicits significant NO• radical scavenging properties when compared with other solvents. The GC-MS chromatogram of the methanolic leaf extract of the plant reveals the presence of 23 bioactive compounds. Taking together, the relative abundance of phytochemical contents and antioxidant capacity of Sida acuta leaves is partly contingent on the choice of extraction solvent.Recommended applications/industries: The presence of various bioactive compounds justifies the use of the plant for diverse remedies in traditional medicine and the need for further studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - تأثیر کاربرد متانول و اتانول بر عملکرد گیاه دارویی سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea L) در منطقه کرج
محمدتقی خسروی علی مهرآفرین حسنعلی نقدی بادی رضا حاجی آقایی اسماعیل خسرویمقدمه و هدف: سرخارگل( .Echinacea purpurea L ) گیاهی علفی و پایا از تیره ستاره آسا (Asteraceae) می­باشد. از خواص مهم این گیاه می توان به تقویت سیستم دفاعی بدن در مقابل بیماری­ها اشاره کرد. در این پژوهش تأثیر محلول­پاشی متانول و اتانول بر عملکرد گیاه دارویی سر Moreمقدمه و هدف: سرخارگل( .Echinacea purpurea L ) گیاهی علفی و پایا از تیره ستاره آسا (Asteraceae) می­باشد. از خواص مهم این گیاه می توان به تقویت سیستم دفاعی بدن در مقابل بیماری­ها اشاره کرد. در این پژوهش تأثیر محلول­پاشی متانول و اتانول بر عملکرد گیاه دارویی سرخارگل بررسی و مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است.روش تحقیق: این آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 15 تیمار و 3 تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل محلول­های آبی متانول (10، 20، 30، 40 و 50% حجمی)، اتانول (10، 20، 30، 40 و 50% حجمی)، مخلوط یکسان متانول و اتانول (5، 15 و 25% حجمی)، تیمار آب مقطر و تیمار شاهد (بدون محلول­پاشی) بود.نتایج و بحث: نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که اثر تیمارها در 23 شاخص مورد ارزیابی دارای تفاوت معنی داری (p<0.01) بودند. بیشترین عملکرد شاخص­های مورفولوژیکی ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه، تعداد برگ در ساقه، طول برگ، عرض برگ، وزن تر ریشه، وزن تر گیاه، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک ساقه، وزن خشک برگ، وزن خشک گیاه، طول ریشه و قطر کاپیتول مربوط به محلول پاشی با محلول 40% متانول می باشد و بیشترین عملکرد انشعابات ساقه، انشعابات ریشه، شاخص سطح برگ و میزان کلروفیل با محلول پاشی با متانول 30% به دست آمد و هم­چنین وزن تر کاپیتول، وزن خشک کاپیتول و وزن بذر با محلول پاشی با محلول متانول50% به دست آمد. بیشترین میزان عملکرد قطر ریشه و وزن هزاردانه با محلول اتانول 50% به دست آمد و در نهایت بیشترین میزان تعداد گل مربوط به محلول پاشی با اتانول 40% می باشد. به طور کلی در این تحقیق می­توان استنباط نمود که محلول­پاشی الکل­هایی نظیر متانول و اتانول به عنوان یک منبع کربنی و محرک زیستی می­تواند باعث افزایش بیوماس و عملکرد گیاه دارویی سرخارگل شود.توصیه های کاربردی: با توجه به اهمیت گیاه دارویی سرخارگل در صنایع داروسازی و نیز نتایج مطلوب این گیاه بر روی تقویت سیستم دفاعی بدن و درمان بیماری­های عفونی و ویروسی می­توان این گیاه را از جمله گیاهان مهم به شمار آورد. از این­رو کاربرد مواد بی­خطر برای سلامتی انسان در تولید این گیاه ضروری به نظر می­رسد که از جمله این مواد می­توان به الکل­ها به عنوان ماده ای بی خطر و پر بازده و روشی نوین در تولید و عملکرد این گیاه اشاره کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - ارزیابی فعالیت ضد باکتریایی عصاره متانولی گیاه کک گریز در دو مرحله برداشت بر روی تعدادی از باکتریهای هوازی عامل عفونت های واژینال
لیلا فیروزیان لیلا امجد منیر دودیBackground & Aim:Vaginal disease has always been a great concern of women. Medicinal plants as natural resources with fewer side effects can effectively treat these infections given the diversity of these infections, resistance to antibiotics and side effects of exi MoreBackground & Aim:Vaginal disease has always been a great concern of women. Medicinal plants as natural resources with fewer side effects can effectively treat these infections given the diversity of these infections, resistance to antibiotics and side effects of existing drugs. The present study aimed to compare antimicrobial effects of methanol extract of Francoeuria Undulata on growth of several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria causing vaginal infections. Experimental: Francoeuria Undulata as an indigenous Iranian plant was collected in two harvest times (T1 and T2). Methanol extract of aerial parts of the plant was prepared. The effects of various concentrations (62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/ml)of methanol extracts were studied onKlebsiella and Enterobacter as gram-negative pathogens. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of bacterial growth and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined using macro-dilution method. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA. Results: The results showed that methanol extracts of aerial parts of Francoeuria Undulata inhibit bacterial growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter aerogenes. MICs varied from 125mg/ml to 250 mg/ml in the old and new harvest times. Therefore, the smallest diameter of inhibition zone belonged to Klebsiella pneumoniae at 62.5mg/ml concentration in the old harvest time and the largestdiameter of inhibitory zone belonged tothe second strains of Klebsiellapneumoniae at 500mg/ml concentration in the new harvest time. Recommended applications/industries: The findings of the study indicated that methanol extracts of Francoeuria Undulata at two old and new harvest times had strong antibacterial and inhibitory effects on gram-negative bacteria causing vaginal infections. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Synthesis and characterization of Pt3Co bimetallic nanoparticles supported on MWCNT as an electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation
Mohammad Hossein Nobahari Ahmad Nozad Golikand Mojtaba Bagherzadeh -
Open Access Article
33 - Evaluation of sodium dodecyl sulfate effects; the response of modified carbon paste electrode with nickel oxide nanoparticles in the presence of methanol
Banafsheh Norouzi Mehdi Norouzi -
Open Access Article
34 - Montmorillonite-Zirconium Phosphate Catalysts for Methanol Dehydration
Hasanudin Hasanudin Wan Asri Qodria Putri Zainal Fanani David Bahrin Tuty Agustina Karna Wijaya -
Open Access Article
35 - Propane Oxidative Dehydrogenation on BiP1-xVxO4 Supported Titania Catalysts
Mbarka Ouchabi Loulidi Ilyasse Mahfoud Agunaou -
Open Access Article
36 - اثر عصاره متانولی پوست انار بر روند تخمیر شکمبهای کنجالههای دانههای روغنی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی
ش. نظارتی ن. ماهری سیساین مطالعه به منظور تعیین اثرات افزودن عصاره­ متانولی پوست انار در سطوح 0، 5/0 و 1 درصد شیرابه شکمبه­ بافر شده بر روند تخمیر شکمبه­ای چهار نوع کنجاله­ دانه­های روغنی شامل کنجاله سویا، کنجاله تخم پنبه، کنجاله منداب و کنجاله آفتابگردان، با استفاده از ف Moreاین مطالعه به منظور تعیین اثرات افزودن عصاره­ متانولی پوست انار در سطوح 0، 5/0 و 1 درصد شیرابه شکمبه­ بافر شده بر روند تخمیر شکمبه­ای چهار نوع کنجاله­ دانه­های روغنی شامل کنجاله سویا، کنجاله تخم پنبه، کنجاله منداب و کنجاله آفتابگردان، با استفاده از فن تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی به اجرا در آمد. نمونه­های آزمایشی در سرنگ­های حاوی شیرابه­ شکمبه­ گرفته شده از سه رأس گوسفند نر قزل کانولا گذاری شده، برای مدت زمان­های 2، 4، 6، 8، 12، 24 و 36 ساعت انکوبه شدند. افزودن عصاره­ متانولی پوست انار موجب افزایش معنی­دار حجم گاز تولیدی در تمام زمان­های انکوباسیون و برای تمامی کنجاله­های مورد آزمایش شد. همچنین مقدار گاز تولیدی متناسب با افزایش سطح عصاره افزایش یافت. مقدار فراسنجه­های a(حجم گاز حاصل از تخمیر بخش سریع قابل حل)، b (حجم گاز حاصل از تخمیر بخش نامحلول اما قابل تخمیر) و مجموع گاز تولیدی (a+b)، نیز در تمامی کنجاله­های مورد آزمایش، با افزایش دوز عصاره­ پوست انار افزایش یافت. افزودن عصاره پوست انار، تولید اسیدهای چرب فرار در شکمبه را نیز افزایش داد. متناسب با زیادتر شدن سطح عصاره، افزایش تولید اسیدهای چرب فرار نیز بیشتر شد. به عنوان یک نتیجه­ کلی، به نظر می­رسد افزودن عصاره­ متانولی پوست انار به شیرابه شکمبه باعث افزایش تخمیر شکمبه­ای و تولید اسیدهای چرب بیشتر در نشخوارکنندگان می­شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The comparative study of the antioxidant activity of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of an Iranian endemic species Rhabdosciadium aucheri Boiss.
Yasaman Azimi Seyyedeh Mahdokht Maddah Golaleh Mostafavi -
Open Access Article
38 - ارزیابی فعالیت های ضد میکروبی و سمیت سلولی عصاره های متانولی برگ گیاه Sansevieria zeylanica (L.) Willd. روی سرطان سینه در انسان، لاین های سلولی MDA-MB-231
S. Rajashekara S. Chudamani S. Rautela Sharvani Hegde S. Swaroopaگیاه Sansevieria zeylanica یک گونه علفی چند ساله مناطق خشک است که در قسمت­های گرمسیر و نیمه گرمسیر دنیا پراکندگی دارد. این گیاه، یک گیاه شگفت­انگیز دارویی است و مزایای زیادی دارد. هدف این مطالعه تعیین فعالیت­های سمیت سلولی در سرطان سینه در انسان روی لاین­ Moreگیاه Sansevieria zeylanica یک گونه علفی چند ساله مناطق خشک است که در قسمت­های گرمسیر و نیمه گرمسیر دنیا پراکندگی دارد. این گیاه، یک گیاه شگفت­انگیز دارویی است و مزایای زیادی دارد. هدف این مطالعه تعیین فعالیت­های سمیت سلولی در سرطان سینه در انسان روی لاین­های سلولی MDA-MB-231 و نیز ارزیابی خاصیت ضد میکروبی با استفاده از عصاره برگ متانولی گیاه S. zeylanica است. آزمایش اصلی تعیین حساسیت میکروب­ها در برابر عصاره­های متانولی برگ گیاه S. zeylanica است. درصد بازدارندگی رشد اندازه­گیری شد و غلظت نمونه برای ممانعت از رشد سلول تا 50 درصد (IC50) برای درصد زنده­مانی تعیین شد. عصاره­های برگی بدست آمده از گیاه S. zeylanica روی لاین­های سلولیMDA-MB-231 سرطان سینه در انسان اثر سمیت سلولی نشان دادند. شاخص IC50 (78/1167 میکروگرم در میلی­لیتر) پس از تیمار 24 ساعته روی این لاین­ها بدست آمد. افزایش مرگ سلولی روی لاین­های MDA-MB-231 با افزایش غلظت عصاره نشان می­دهد که عصاره متانولی برگ این گیاه فعال است. برای اولین بار، ما تلاش کردیم تا خصوصیات بیولوژیکی عصاره برگ متانولی گیاه S. zeylanica را ارزیابی کنیم. نتایج حاصل کاربرد درمانی را تایید کرد و می­تواند برای کاربرد وسیع به­عنوان ماده­ای ضد میکروب، مدرک معتبری باشد. در این مطالعات نتایج غربال­گری فعالیت­های فایتوشیمیایی، ضد میکروبی و سمیت گیاه S. zeylanica تایید کرد که این گیاه می­تواند به­عنوان منبع گیاهی طبیعی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. این گیاه می­تواند برای مصارف دارویی و داروشناسی در مقیاس وسیع و بصورت صنعتی استفاده شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The Effectiveness of Whole Concentration of Homemade Herbal Distillates on the Result of Qualitative Methanol Detection by the Chromotropic Acid Method
A. Rafizadeh R. NasiriFard M. Nasoori Gazni M. Haghshanas F. Jmali Bivarzani L. PoorMohammadThe occurrence of blindness after drinking some herbaceous distillates is created some anxieties in Iran. In this study, the effectiveness of concentration of Khalvash distillate was studied on the function of the new modified suggested chromotropic acid method for qual MoreThe occurrence of blindness after drinking some herbaceous distillates is created some anxieties in Iran. In this study, the effectiveness of concentration of Khalvash distillate was studied on the function of the new modified suggested chromotropic acid method for qualitative detection of methanol. For this purpose, three samples of Khalvash distillate were purchased from vendors of Rasht. According to the obtained results, due to special chemicals and their high concentrations in the studied homemade samples, using of 1: 5 dilution ratio in the distillate water is necessary for test performance. Also, it was confirmed that methanol was present in all Khalvash samples like other herbal ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Evaluation of soybean reaction by magnetic water and methanol foliar application
Aref Fatehi Babak Pasari asad rokhzadiThe irrigation with a magnetic water increases the yield of plants by improving solubility and the nutrient availability in the soil profile. Furthermore, methanol spraying as a source of carbon dioxide, which increases the concentration of this gas around the plant, en MoreThe irrigation with a magnetic water increases the yield of plants by improving solubility and the nutrient availability in the soil profile. Furthermore, methanol spraying as a source of carbon dioxide, which increases the concentration of this gas around the plant, enhances the photosynthesis and plant yield. This study was conducted to evaluate soybean reaction by irrigation with different magnetic field intensities and foliar application of different concentrations of methanol in the research field at the Agriculture Faculty, Islamic Azad University-Sanandaj branch, during two consecutive years (2017–2018). The experiment was designed as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Different intensities of magnetic water (0, 4, 8, 12 mTesla) were used in the main plot and foliar application of methanol concentrations (distilled water: control, 10, 20 and 30% v/v) in sub-plots. The results showed that the height of first axillary stem decreased significantly, but grain yield, biomass, oil and protein yield were significantly higher in treatments with magnetic water. Grain yield, increased by magnetic irrigation with 4, 8 and 12 mT intensities, compared to the control, by 45.56, 70.05 and 72.19%, respectively. Also the all characters were significantly affected by methanol spraying× year interactions. The interactions of magnetic water × methanol foliar applications were significant in some characters. However, based on interaction effect, the superiority of the studied traits was evident in the second year under the influence of magnetic water at 8 mT and 20% methanol. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The effects of alcoholic treatments ( ethanol – methanol ), on the ontogenic events of flowering and reproductive organs of (Cyclamen persicum Miller.)
Mahshad Movahedi ahmad majd sayeh jafari marandiCyclamen is one of the most exportable herbs and also used in the pharmaceutical industry. Hence, increasing the number of flowers, the durability and shelf-life of the cut flowers is important. Alcohol has positive effect on these properties in low concentration. Ther MoreCyclamen is one of the most exportable herbs and also used in the pharmaceutical industry. Hence, increasing the number of flowers, the durability and shelf-life of the cut flowers is important. Alcohol has positive effect on these properties in low concentration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of alcoholic treatments on the development of reproductive meristem, the change in the number of flowering branches and the possibility of delaying aging in the cut flowers of the cyclamen. Therefore, pots containing vegetative parts of the cyclamen plants that have not yet entered the stage of reproduction were obtained form a greenhouse for the development of cyclamen in Tehran. Then, the control samples were sprayed three times a week to 10 cc of distilled water , and the treated samples were subjected to the same treatment under the influence of ethanol and alcoholic treatments. Methanol at concentrations of 1.5% , 3% and 6% . In this research, flower buds were harvested at three stages, and by conventional methods of cell-histology , the stages of development of reproductive meristem, formation of buds and flowers were studied. The results of examination of the same age and size buds in the control and control samples showed that alcohol accelerates the developmental stages of the various parts of the flower components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Microwave-assisted synthesis of nickel-copper nanocomposite for methanol electrocatalytic oxidation. An efficient anode material for alcohol fuel cell applications
محمد علی کامیابی Babak JalilianIn this study, the synthesis and application of bimetallic nickel-copper nanocomposites and reduction of graphene oxide simultaneously using microwaves are reported. The proposed synthesis method is a simple, fast and controllable process. The electrochemical behavior o MoreIn this study, the synthesis and application of bimetallic nickel-copper nanocomposites and reduction of graphene oxide simultaneously using microwaves are reported. The proposed synthesis method is a simple, fast and controllable process. The electrochemical behavior of the synthesized catalyst was investigated for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in alkaline medium. The effect of melamine on the electrocatalytic activity of the synthesized catalyst was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. Also, investigating the effect of melamine as a source of nitrogen leading to nitrogen doping in the reduced graphene oxide network showed that it partially leads to the formation of NiCu-N structures. And this metal-N bond increases the catalytic activity towards MOR. The promoting effect of melamine was proved by an increase of 203 μA in the current and a decrease of 20 mV in the onset potential compared to other synthesized control catalysts during MOR activity. The results indicate the excellent performance of the synthesized catalyst as an anode in a direct methanol fuel cell. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Investigation of synthesized grapheme oxide with hummers method and its application as Hydrodesulphurization reaction catalyst support
زینب حجار سعید سلطان علی شکوفه طیبی مجید معصومیIn this study, the advanced Hummers method )AGO( and Hummers method )HGO( were investigated, and synthesized grapheme oxides were analyzed by XRD, BET, NH3-TPD, and FTIR techniques. Analysis results showed that in the advanced Hummers method surface of carbon layers was MoreIn this study, the advanced Hummers method )AGO( and Hummers method )HGO( were investigated, and synthesized grapheme oxides were analyzed by XRD, BET, NH3-TPD, and FTIR techniques. Analysis results showed that in the advanced Hummers method surface of carbon layers was oxidized more than Hummers method, and had more oxygenated functional groups. Experimental results indicated that synthesized graphene oxides with AGO process had less carbon layers. Also, in the absence of sodium nitrite, which is one of the main oxidants of Hummers method, production of toxic gases were eliminated in advanced method. Moreover, synthesized structures were investigated as catalyst supports in Naphtha hydro desulphurization reaction. In this venue, the synthesized compounds were impregnated by cobalt and molybdenum active phases. Moreover, the total metal loading and Co/Mo weight ratio of prepared compounds were adjusted to their industrial nominal values of 10% and 1/4, respectively Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - افزایش جذب نانو ذرات آلومینای تقویت شده در پوششهای نانوکامپوزیتی نیکلین آلومینا با استفاده از حلال آلی متانول
صادق میرزامحمدی حمید خورسند محمود محمود علی اف خضرایی -
Open Access Article
45 - Comparison the level of Aflatoxin in different varieties of internal and imported rice in different collection seasons and effect of cooking methods on the level of toxins
Mahmood NajafianBackground and Objectives: Nowadays, rice is the foodstuff for half the populations, worldwide. Rice is exposed to fungal and aflatoxin contaminations like other cereal. This study was aimed to investigate and to compare the amount of aflatoxin in rice samples in Rasht MoreBackground and Objectives: Nowadays, rice is the foodstuff for half the populations, worldwide. Rice is exposed to fungal and aflatoxin contaminations like other cereal. This study was aimed to investigate and to compare the amount of aflatoxin in rice samples in Rasht city and effects of cooking on the level of toxin. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 72 samples of consumed rice from domestic and imported productions bought from six stores in Rasht city in both summer and winter. At first aflatoxin was extracted using 80% methanol in three different types of samples including raw, boiled and water cooked. Then aflatoxin content was determined in each sample using the ELISA technique. Results: Domestic samples were less contaminated than imported ones. Samples collected in the summer were less contaminated than winter. Also, in all cases, the cooked rice was less contaminated than seen in raw rice. This reduction rate of contamination was more effective in cooked water rice than in boiled. Conclusion: The results showed that all rice was contaminated in different levels. Therefore the needs for constant control and supervision over the contamination of rice must be considered. Since the contamination rate of imported rice was more than domestic one, for the purpose of reduction imported rice, the basic steps in order to increase domestic production of rice should be supported. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Investigation Phenol, Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activity Content of Capparis spinosa in Three Natural Habitats of Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran
Morteza Saberi Nadia Kamali Farajollah Tarnian Ahmad Sadeghipour -
Open Access Article
47 - The effects of irrigation, methanol and humic acid foliar application on the chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) roots traits
Seyyed Gholamreza Moosavi Manour Fazeli Rostampour Hamed Javadi mohammadreza MalekiIn order to study the effects of irrigation, methanol and humic acid foliar application on the traits, some of the soluble content and chicory root elements, the present research was carrid out in Birjand Azad University research farm using split plots-factorial based o MoreIn order to study the effects of irrigation, methanol and humic acid foliar application on the traits, some of the soluble content and chicory root elements, the present research was carrid out in Birjand Azad University research farm using split plots-factorial based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications in 2016. In the present research a three level irrigation was used as the main plot (irrigation after 70T 140 and 210 mm of accumulative evaporation from pan) and methanol foliar in two levels (zero and 21 % of the volume) well as humic acid with two levels (zero and 10 li per hectar) in the form of factorial as the sub plot. The results showed that irrigation delay from 70 to 210 mm of accumulative evaporation from pan, the root length, number of root branch, percent of molasses sugar, N and P and dry root yield decreased b by 46, 37, 23, 39, 56 and 44% respectively. Also applying of 10 L.ha-1 of humic acid resulted in significant increase in the root length, number of root branch, N, P and K, dry root yield and water use efficiency of root by 12, 19, 15, 18.5, 35, 9 and 7% respectively compared to the control treatment. Also, although methanol application had a significant effect on root traits, it did not have significant interaction with irrigation. In general, the results of the study showed that the use of humic acid could reduce the negative effects of deficit water stress on Chicory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Study the Effect of Foliar Application of Various Methanol Concentrations on some Physiological and Yield Traits of Two Wheat Varieties
Zeynab Amiri Ghodratollah ShakaramiIn order to study the effect of foliar application of different levels of methanol on yield and physiological traits of two dry-land wheat varieties, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized block design in 2014-2015 in Khorram Abad climat MoreIn order to study the effect of foliar application of different levels of methanol on yield and physiological traits of two dry-land wheat varieties, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized block design in 2014-2015 in Khorram Abad climate conditions in research farm of Khorram Abad Agriculture Station. The experimental factors were: (M) Methanol foliar application (M1: distilled water (Control), M2: 10% (v/v) methanol, M3: 15% (v/v) methanol, M4: 20% (v/v) methanol, M5: 25% (v/v) methanol and M6: 30% (v/v) methanol); (V) wheat varieties (V1: Zagros, V2: Qaboos). Results showed that the effect of different levels of methanol foliar application on SPAD index and relative water content was significant and highest amount of these traits obtained in 20% methanol and 25% methanol resulted to highest biological and grain yield but methanol application had no significant impact on protein content. Highest leaf area, biological yield and grain yield obtained in Qaboos variety and highest protein content observed in Zagros variety. It appears that foliar application of methanol resulted to decrease in photo-respiration and increasing accessibility of carbon resulted from methanol degradation and Qaboos variety produced more grain yield and vegetative growth due to higher adaptability with growth medium conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Effect of foliar application of methanol and nitrogen on yield and yield components of soybean in Guilan weather conditions
amir janbazi roudsari majid ashouri ebrahim amiri In order to investigate the effects of methanol foliar application and nitrogen on yield and yield components of soybean, a field study was conducted at Rodsar region (Guilan province) in growing season of 2012. The experiment was factorial based on Randomized Com More In order to investigate the effects of methanol foliar application and nitrogen on yield and yield components of soybean, a field study was conducted at Rodsar region (Guilan province) in growing season of 2012. The experiment was factorial based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer including: N1-control, N2- 30, N3-60 and N4- 90 kg/ha from urea source and methanol treatments in 4 levels including: M1- control, M2- 20, M3- 30 and M4- 40 methanol volume percentage. Results showed that, methanol treatments had significant effects on number of pod per plant, 100 seed weight, grain yield, biomass yield, harvest index, plant height and pod length. Forty volume percentage methanol treatment had the highest number of pod per plant, 100 seed weight, plant height and pod length.Maximum biomass obtained in 40, 30 volume percentage methanol treatments. Nitrogen levels had significant effects on number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, 100 seed weight, grain yield, biomas yield, plant height and pod length . Maximum number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod and biomass yield obtained in the 90 kg/ha level of nitrogen fertilizer. Maximum plant height and pod length obtained from 90 and 60 kg/ha treatments. Nitrogen control treatment showed the highest 100 seed weight. Grain yield and harvest index in different levels of nitrogen and methanol were significant. Generally 60 kg/ha of nitrogen and 30% methanol treatments were the best treatment for management of soybean. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Effect of Methanol and zinc on growth and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Reza Pilevare khomami Mohamad Taghi Safarzadeh Vishkaei NC2 variety of a Factorial experiment with randomized complete block design in 3 replication during 2010-2011 done in Bandar Kiashahr county located in Guilan province is used to survey effect of methanol and zinc on peanut growth index and yiel More NC2 variety of a Factorial experiment with randomized complete block design in 3 replication during 2010-2011 done in Bandar Kiashahr county located in Guilan province is used to survey effect of methanol and zinc on peanut growth index and yield. Various methanol application (0, 10, 20, 30 v/v) and zinc chelate (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5) in 1000 cc formed surveying treatments. The result showed that methanol application had significant impact on leaf area index, pod dry weight, crop growth rate, pod growth rate, pod yield, grain yield, and maximum belonged to 20 % and 30 % v/v of methanol and 1.5/1000 cc zinc application treatments. But amount of seed`s oil had no significant difference between witness and plants treated with methanol. Also interaction effect of methanol and zinc was significant in all parameters except oil content. Maximum seed and pod yield (6809 and 5181 kg/h) were gained by 30 % v/v of methanol and 1.5/1000 cc zinc application. The highest leaf area index, growth rate of plant and pod growth rate were gained respectively in 90 and 105 days after planting with same methanol and zinc application mentioned above. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Effect of time and values of methanol foliation on growth and yield of Coker 347 type tobacco
Kaveh Sabokroo mohmad taghi Safarzade mehdi Ranjbar Choobe jahanfar Daneshian Kamyar Sabokroo To investigating the effect ofmethanol on growth and yield of Coker 347 type tobacco afactorial design basedon RCBD with 4 replications and 18 traits was don during 2008-2009. Factors wereconsidered as the methanol consumption time in as first factor More To investigating the effect ofmethanol on growth and yield of Coker 347 type tobacco afactorial design basedon RCBD with 4 replications and 18 traits was don during 2008-2009. Factors wereconsidered as the methanol consumption time in as first factor which was consistof three solution spreading surface in the morning (Time 8-10 am) (T1) and noon(Time 12-14) (T2) and sunset (Time 17-19pm) (T3) and the second factor was theamount of methanol consumption as 0, 30, 20, 10, 40, 50 volume percent ofmethanol. Solution spreading of methanol during the growing seaso nrespectively performed at the beginning terms of quick transplants growth,blossom origination and 30 days before illustrating of tobacco plants. Tobaccoproduct harvested in three sorts. Results showed that the LA, chlorophyll andthe plant height became significant at the interaction effect of the twofactors (p<1%) but the number of leaf in interaction effect becamesignificant at p<5%. Sugar and Nicotine became significant at the factor B (p<5%)but leaf dry weight becomes no significant. Therefore, regarding to theseresults methanol enhances the quality and quantity of tobacco plant Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Effect of methanol and zinc application on peanut qualities and quantities characteristics in Guilan region
R. Pilehvari Khomami M. N. Safarzadeh Vishkaei N. Sajedi M. Rasuli M. MoradiBandar Kiashahr County located in Guilan province is used to survey effect of methanol and zinc on peanut qualities and quantities characteristics.Various methanol application (0, 10, 20, 30 v/v) and zinc chelate (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5) in 1000cc were selected as surveying tre MoreBandar Kiashahr County located in Guilan province is used to survey effect of methanol and zinc on peanut qualities and quantities characteristics.Various methanol application (0, 10, 20, 30 v/v) and zinc chelate (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5) in 1000cc were selected as surveying treatments. Results indicated that zinc and methanol application had significant effects on measured parameters. Also comparing the average of measured parameters showed that interaction effect of methanol solution 30% (v/v) and zinc 1/1000cc on surveyed parameters are more than other treatments. Foliar methanol and zinc application increased pod yield, grain yield, weight of 100 kernel, mature pods per plant, protein content of seed and oil content of seed but interaction effect of methanol and zinc had no significant impact on oil and protein content of seeds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effect of Cinnamomum verum Methanolic Extract and Essential Oil: A Study on Bio-preservative in Ketchup Sauce
Anoosheh Sharifan Mona Shafiee Akram Tabatabaee -
Open Access Article
54 - Visual Outcomes in Acute Methyl Alcohol poisoning and its Biochemical Predictors: A Hospital-Based Study in Eastern India
Suchismita Mishra Pradeep Panigrahi Priya Gupta Keya Chakrabarti -
Open Access Article
55 - Ameliorative Potentials of Camellia sinensis on Petrol Fumes- induced Oxidative Stress in Rats
Joy Uba Eugene N. Onyeike Charity U. Ogunka-Nnoka Catherine C. Ikewuchi -
Open Access Article
56 - Investigation of the electrochemical activity of paladium-carbon nanotubes nanocomposite toward methanol oxidation in fuel cells and comparing it with the platinium one
Roghayeh KhaleghianmoghadamIn this study, the nanocomposite of palladium-carbon nanotubes-chitosan was synthesized and characterized by XRD and TEM techniques. The synthesized nanocomposite was used for the modification of glassy carbon electrods surfaces. Using cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique, MoreIn this study, the nanocomposite of palladium-carbon nanotubes-chitosan was synthesized and characterized by XRD and TEM techniques. The synthesized nanocomposite was used for the modification of glassy carbon electrods surfaces. Using cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique, the electrochemical activity of modified electrode (GC/PdNPs-MWCNTs-CH) toward methanol oxidation was investigted in a solution of 0.5 M sodium hydroxide and 1.0 M methanol. The results revealed that the synthesized nanocomposite shows a high catalytic activity toward methanol oxidation and thus has an efficiency for use as anode for the methanol fuel cells. The effects of different parameters such as methanol and electrolyte concentrations, potential range, and potential scan reate on the anodic current density and the peak potential of methanol oxidation were also investigted. Moreover, comparing the electrochemical activity of the palladiun nanocatalyst for methanol oxidation with that of the platinum-type, it was concluded that the former has a considerable activity closed to the platinum one. Therefore, it coulde be a souitable substituer for platinum in the methonl oxidation process. This substitution, also reduces the catalyst price. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Synthesis and study of the highly effective catalytic activity of the Pt-LaFeO3 nanoparticles supported on polyaniline-chitosan for methanol electro-oxidation
Somaye Khammarnia Jilla Saffari Mehri-Saddat Ekrami-Kakhki Alireza AkbariIn this study, polyaniline (PA) accompanied by chitosan (CH) were used as effective and proper support for nanoparticles. LaFeO3 (LFO) nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy MoreIn this study, polyaniline (PA) accompanied by chitosan (CH) were used as effective and proper support for nanoparticles. LaFeO3 (LFO) nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. Pt-LFO/PA-CH nanocatalyst was prepared by chemical reduction of H2PtCl6 by NaBH4 on PA-CH support in the presence of LFO nanoparticles. The morphology and distribution of nanoparticles were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. The catalytic activity of Pt-LFO/PA-CH nanocatalyst for methanol electro-oxidation was studied through cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The effects of some experimental factors for methanol electro-oxidation, such as methanol concentration, scan rate and temperature were studied on the prepared catalyst. The activation energy of the anodic peak of methanol oxidation at Pt-LFO/PA-CH was also calculated and its value was obtained 14.17 kJ mol-1. The catalytic activity of Pt-LFO/PA-CH catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation was compared with Pt/PA-CH catalyst. The electrochemically active surface area of Pt-LFO/PA-CH catalyst (77.46 m2g-1Pt) was obtained more than Pt/PA-CH (54.69 m2g-1Pt). At methanol concentration of 1.76 M, the anodic peak current density of methanol oxidation at Pt-LFO/PA-CH (377.58 mA cm-2) was obtained more than Pt/PA-CH catalyst (203.67 mA cm-2). Higher electrochemically active surface area and current density of Pt-LFO/PA-CH for methanol oxidation indicating very improved catalytic activity of Pt-LFO/PA-CH for methanol electro-oxidation. Thus, the prepared catalyst can be utilized as effective catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation in direct methanol fuel cells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - The Effect of Oral Cyclosporine on Plasma Levels of Parathormone and Calcitonin in Adult Male Rat
غلامحسن واعظی ریحانه پوزش محمد رضا خواجه دلوییFear is known as an emotional response to the threat and included autonomic, neuroendocrine and behavioral responses. Many scientists have discovered the healing properties of plants and recourse to medicinal herbs always through history has was been one of the ways tre MoreFear is known as an emotional response to the threat and included autonomic, neuroendocrine and behavioral responses. Many scientists have discovered the healing properties of plants and recourse to medicinal herbs always through history has was been one of the ways treatment effective. In this research, was studied the comparison of injection cardamomum seed aqueous and methanolic extracts on fear behavior induced by PTZ. In this study, animals were divided in to two defferent groups, each group was comprised of three groups.Control group that 1lit, saline received (i.c.v). Sham group that received 20 mg/kg PTZ (i.p). The experimental group, were received doses 3,10,30 g/rat of cardamomum seed aqueous extract (i.c.v) and PTZ(i.p), too experimental two group, were received doses 3,10,30 g/rat of methanolic extract (i.c.v) and 20 mg/kg PTZ(i.p). The fear effect was evaluated by using an Elevated plus-maze. Injection comparison of cardamomum seed aqueous and methanolic extracts, increased open arm time percentage (%OAT) ,open arm entries percentage (%OAE) and locomotor activity that 30 g/rat dose increased in % OAT, % OAE and % CATsignificantly. The results show that compounds in cardamomum seed in aqueous and methanolic extracts decrease fear induced by PTZ probably through interaction with gabaergic system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Comparative Effect of Timolol and Methanolic Extract of Zataria multiflora with Vitamin E on APO E Gene Expression and Behavioral and Biochemical Changes in Alzheimer's Rats
Samira Homayoun Pour Maryam Bananej Maryam Khosravi Hengameh AlibeikAlzheimer's Disease is the most common form of dementia, characterized by memory and cognitive deficits. Vitamin E, as an antioxidant, plays an important role in reviving free radicals and converting them into safe substances by giving hydrogen. Shirazi thyme (Zataria m MoreAlzheimer's Disease is the most common form of dementia, characterized by memory and cognitive deficits. Vitamin E, as an antioxidant, plays an important role in reviving free radicals and converting them into safe substances by giving hydrogen. Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora) has antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study is the comparative effect of timolol with methanol extract of Zataria multiflora with vitamin E on Alzheimer's disease in male Wistar rats. 40 male Wistar rats weighing approximately 200 grams were randomly divided into 5 groups of eight. Beta-amyloid 42 was used to induce Alzheimer's disease. Then, methanolic and timolol extracts were extracted from Zataria multiflora. The level of Apo E gene expression was evaluated by Real Time PCR and TC, LDL and HD biochemical factors. The expression of Apo E gene in the experimental groups increased significantly compared to the Alzheimer's group. The expression of this gene was decreased in the sham group compared to the control group. The group of Alzheimer's mice had a significant increase in total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) serum levels, and the level of HDL showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. Timolol, m ethanolic extract of Zataria multiflora and vitamin E have positive effects on the expression of APOA E gene in leukocytes. On the other hand, with a significant effect on HDL, the methanolic extract of Zataria multiflora can be used as an effective product to prevent and reduce the complications of Alzheimer's disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - The effect of methanol foliar application on some physiological traits of cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata L.) under drought stress conditions
ali akbar saneinejad Mahmood Tohidi Behnam Habibi Khaniani Mehdi Sadeghi Mohamad KhoramianThe aim of this study id analysis the effect of methanol foliar application on the physiological traits of beans genotype under water deficit stress as a split plot design was conducted in a randomized complete block design in Safiabad Dezful Agricultural Research and N MoreThe aim of this study id analysis the effect of methanol foliar application on the physiological traits of beans genotype under water deficit stress as a split plot design was conducted in a randomized complete block design in Safiabad Dezful Agricultural Research and Natural Resources and Center in 2018 and 2019 years. Water deficit stress was the main plots include four levels (25, 50, 75 and 100% of plant water requirement) and combined foliar aplication of methanol including 3 levels (control, 10 and 20%) and genotype treatment including two cultivars omidbakhsh 1057 And Mashhad was in sub-plots. The results showed that the interaction of water deficit stress and foliar application of methanol on ion leakage, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, leaf soluble carbohydrates and proline grains was significant at the 1% probability level. The lowest amount of ionic leakage observed under the interaction of 100% water deficit stress and 10% foliar aplication of methanol (25/23 μmos/cm) and The highest amount of ion leakage under the interaction of 25% water deficit stress and the without foliar aplication of methanol (control) (42.25 μmos/cm). The highest amount of chlorophyll a was observed in line 1057 under the 100% water deficit stress and 20% foliar aplication of methanol (0.19 µmol.g-1 FW). The highest concentration of carotenoids in line 1057 under the treatment of 100% water deficit stress (0.19 µmol.g-1 FW) and the highest amount of soluble carbohydrates under the treatment of 100% water deficit stress and 20% foliar aplication of methanol (50.83 µmol.g-1 FW) was observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Effects of foliar application of methanol on agronomic and morphophysiological traits of sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) under drought stress
Neda Haghinezhad meysam oveysi Mohammad NasriTo study the effects of spray Methanol on farming and morphological characteristics under water deficit stress on oil sun flower was conducted on RCBD with three replications at research station of Islamic Azad University Varamin branch, in 2012. Experimental factors we MoreTo study the effects of spray Methanol on farming and morphological characteristics under water deficit stress on oil sun flower was conducted on RCBD with three replications at research station of Islamic Azad University Varamin branch, in 2012. Experimental factors were water deficit stress as main plots (normal irrigation, drought stress in flowering phase and drought stress in filling of grain phase) and methanol ( lack of methanol, 10% methanol, 20% methanol and 30% methanol) as sub plots. Times of spray methanol were when plant had 8 leafs, 15 days after and 15 days after. Results showed that drought stress decreased1000 kernel weight, Head diameter, grain yield, biological yield but it increased EC. Also spray methanol increased grain yield, biological yield, 1000 kernel weight, Head diameter but it decreased EC. Analysis of variance showed that interaction drought stress and spray methanol significantly affected on investigated traits.Maximum grain yield was obtained from normal irrigation and spray methanol that was 3205/667 and minimum grain yield was obtained from drought stress in filling of grain phase and lack of methanol that was 1648/371.In general, sun flower is sensitive in filling of grain phase and methanol decrease drought stress effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - The effect of methanol on quality characteristics of Canola (Hayola 402) under water deficit stress in Varamin region
Alireza MirchiTo study the application of methanol on qualitative and quantitative characteristics under water deficit stress on canola an experiment was conducted as split plot based on RCBD with three replication at research field of Islamic Azad University Varamin branch in 2012. MoreTo study the application of methanol on qualitative and quantitative characteristics under water deficit stress on canola an experiment was conducted as split plot based on RCBD with three replication at research field of Islamic Azad University Varamin branch in 2012. Experimental factors were water deficit stress in main plots (normal irrigation, drought stress at stemming phase, drought stress at pod phase) and methanol (no usage of methanol, spray 14% methanol, spray 28% methanol) as sub plots.Analysis of variance showed significant difference for MDA, DT for simple effect of irrigation, application of methanol and interaction irrigation and application of methanol. Interaction of normal irrigation and 28% methanol increased grain yield and it decreased CAT, MDA and DT. In fact Interaction of normal irrigation and 28% methanolwas the best treatment.In general, application of methanol under water deficit stress decrease oxidative stress destructive effects and it increase qualitative and quantitative characteristics of canola. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Study the Efficiency of Methanol Foliar Application on Some Qualitative and Physiological Traits of Safflower under Supplemental Irrigation
Afsaneh Ghorbani Manouchehr Sayahfar Ghodratollah ShakaramiIn order to investigate the effect of supplemental irrigation and foliar application of methanol concentrations on quality, and some physiological traits of safflower, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in a randomized complete block design in three replications, MoreIn order to investigate the effect of supplemental irrigation and foliar application of methanol concentrations on quality, and some physiological traits of safflower, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in a randomized complete block design in three replications, in the 2014-2015 crop year on the farm Kamalvand located 5 km from the Khorramabad Azad University. Treatment consisted of methanol at four levels (foliar application of water, methanol with a concentration of 15, 20 and 25% by volume) and supplemental irrigation at three levels (no supplemental irrigation supplementary irrigation systems and irrigation in both stage Additional Rate and grain filling stage of boll respectively). The results showed that leaf area index, relative water content, leaf greenness index in the seed stage of supplemental irrigation and grain filling, but the highest percentage of protein obtained in the absence of supplemental irrigation. The highest leaf greenness index, protein and oil content by volume of methanol at a concentration of 20% was seen, but most LAI was observed in methanol at a concentration of 25% by volume. In conclusion, in order to achieve maximum quality and quantity of supplementary irrigation in both stage and grain filling and methanol at a concentration of 20% by volume relative to the rest of the trial a more suitable. Manuscript profile
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