-
Open Access Article
1 - Alternations of Antioxidant Activity in Saliva in Smokers
S. F. Nosratabadi R. Sariri P. Yaghmaei M. Taheri A. Ghadimi H. Ghafoori -
Open Access Article
2 - Anticancer Effects of Glucan Polysaccharide of Fusarium spp and Its Chemical Analysis by FT-IR and HPLC
, B. Salehi , M. Bayat , M. Dezfulian , A Sabokbar , B. TabaraieCancer is the second factor of death in world on the basis of WHO reports on 2018. Application of fungal polysaccharides is one of the cheaper, less dangerous, less side effects, and newer in the treatment and prophylaxis of cancer. Object of this research is isolation MoreCancer is the second factor of death in world on the basis of WHO reports on 2018. Application of fungal polysaccharides is one of the cheaper, less dangerous, less side effects, and newer in the treatment and prophylaxis of cancer. Object of this research is isolation and identification of endemic fusarium fungus, its glucan extraction, determination of chemical characteristics by HPLCand FT-IR and anticancer effects on cell lines of LCL, Hela.In this study fusarium fungus was isolated from soil of karaj district and identified on the basis of microscopic and macroscopic and genetical characteristics as a fusarium genus .Then fungus was grown into selective broth medium for obtaining of the most biomass for extraction of glucan .Glucan of fungus was extracted by boiling water method.Different amounts of extracted glucan were treated to the cell cultures of lcl and Hela and its cytotoxicity effects were surveyed.Results showed that glucan polysaccharide had anticancer effects against cell lines of LCL and no anticancer effects against Hela cell lines. Cytotoxicity effects of glucan showed by colorimetry MTT method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Study of Effective Factors on Extraction of Astaxanthin Super Antioxidant from White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
F. Saber baghban sh. shabani R. Azizi NezhadIntroduction: Shrimp waste might be used as the cheapest raw material to extract the carotenoid pigments, astaxanthin and employed to replace the synthetic dyes. In the present study, effective factors on extraction of astaxanthin super antioxidant from white shrimp was MoreIntroduction: Shrimp waste might be used as the cheapest raw material to extract the carotenoid pigments, astaxanthin and employed to replace the synthetic dyes. In the present study, effective factors on extraction of astaxanthin super antioxidant from white shrimp was evaluated.Materials and Methods: In this study, extraction with solid material ratio (cooked/ dried shrimp/ mill/ sieve) to ethanol solvent (g/ml) in 3 levels of one to five, one to seven and one to nine, with stirring time of 1, 5 and 10 minutes in ultrasonic bath was performed in 3 levels of 10, 20 and 30 minutes and centrifuge temperature 4, 12 and 21 ºC in triplicate order. After evaluating the carotenoid extraction efficiency of dry and wet wastes in the spectrophotometer, the best extraction method was selected by data analysis using SPSS.20 software using Duncan's multiple range method, finally, astaxanthin treatment 1 (cooked/ Dry/ mill/ sieve) and treatment 2 (crude/ mill) were optimized, purified, measured and identified by HPLC and the optimal treatment was selected.Results: Experiments showed that the sample to solvent ratio of 1: 5 and one minute stirring time, 10 minutes ultrasonic and 21 ° C centrifuge are suitable for optimal extraction. Data from HPLC analysis also showed that astaxanthin was extracted from treatment 1, 3 mgastaxanthin/gextract and treatment 2, 2.7 mgastaxanthin/gextract.Conclusion: Shrimp waste might be used as an available and economical raw material to extract carotenoid pigments to replace the synthetic dyes and antioxidants in the food industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigation of efficiency of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae for detoxification of aflatoxin M1 in skim milk using HPLC analysis
mostafa fakhrabadi Amireghbal khajeh rahimi nakisa sohrabi hagh doost AMIRALI Anvar maryam talaIntroduction: Food contamination with aflatoxin is identified as a challenge for health and economics; therefore, global organizations have determined the minimum contamination of different foods. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a carcinogenic mycotoxin mostly found in dairy prod MoreIntroduction: Food contamination with aflatoxin is identified as a challenge for health and economics; therefore, global organizations have determined the minimum contamination of different foods. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a carcinogenic mycotoxin mostly found in dairy products and its removal has remained a challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of anti-aflatoxin of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in contaminated skim milk.Materials and Methods: In order to carry out this project, skim milk was spiked with three concentrations of AFM1 and treated with two levels of bacteria and fungi concentration, alone or mixed, and incubated at 4 and 37 ˚C for different time points (30, 60, 120 min, and 24h). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect the AFM1 in milk.Results: The results showed that the incubation time is a key factor in the removal process of AFM1. Also, the removal of AFM1 was dependent on other factors such as the concentration of microorganisms, incubation temperature, toxin concentration and type of treatment (alone or combination). The ability of these strains to remove AFM1 after 24 hours was shown to be 20-90%. The removal of AFM1 by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (66.8%) as compared to Bifidobacterium bifidum (51.3%), and the combination of probiotics increased their ability to remove the toxins (90%).Conclusion: The results of this study showed that probiotics alone or in combination with each other play an essential role in removing AFM1 from milk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Determination of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in Frequently Consumed Dried Fruits in Iran
محمد Alizade نوشین Rahimzade ثریا KheirouriIntoduction: During heat treatment of foods, reactions occur between reducing sugars andamino groups of food components, known as the Maillard reactions. Five hydroxymethyfurfural (HMF) is an intermidiate compoud formed as the result of this reaction. The aim ofthe pres MoreIntoduction: During heat treatment of foods, reactions occur between reducing sugars andamino groups of food components, known as the Maillard reactions. Five hydroxymethyfurfural (HMF) is an intermidiate compoud formed as the result of this reaction. The aim ofthe present study was to examine HMF content of dried fruits and evaluate its relationshipwith the chemical characterisatics.Materials and Methods: Total of 50 samples from various types of dried fruits werecollected and subjected to quantitative HMF determinations employing HPLC apparatus. Thechemical properties of the selected fruits were measured using conventional standardmethods. Pearson analysis was performed to test any correlations between HMF content andthe chemical properties.Results: The highest and the lowest amount of HMF contents were determined in fruit bread(8569.85 mg/kg) and golden raisin (80.49 mg/kg), respectively. Correlation analysis betweenthe chemical properties and HMF content showed a negative relation inrespect of HMF andmoisture content of both currant and dark raisins (r= -0.86, p<0/05) and a positive correlationbetween the acidity and HMF content of fruit breads (r=0.81, p<0.05) and also between totalsugar and HMF contents in date (r=0.81, p<0.05).Conclusion: HMF content of the dried fruits was high with mean of 2243/19 mg/kg. Thismight lead to high dietary exposure to this compound. Further studies are required to clarifythe extent of HMF bioavailability. It is also concluded that the chemical properties affected bypreservation and processing conditions are strongly related to the HMF content in differentfruits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The evaluation of amino acid profiles in sugar beet industry
F. Sahraei M. Honarvar -
Open Access Article
7 - Extraction and Determination of Diazinon Poison by NiZnS-C Nanoparticles by Ultrasound Microextraction and Experimental Design from Environmental Waters
Saeid Khodadoust Mohammad Sharif TalebiyanpourBackground and Objective: Organophosphates are the basis of many pesticides and chemical warfare agents. Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are a class of chemicals that generally act as cholinesterase inhibitors and have been widely used in agriculture due to their hig MoreBackground and Objective: Organophosphates are the basis of many pesticides and chemical warfare agents. Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are a class of chemicals that generally act as cholinesterase inhibitors and have been widely used in agriculture due to their high efficiency as insecticides. The main purpose of this study is to present a new method for extracting diazinon toxin from ambient water.Material and Methodology: In this research NiZnS nonmaterial supported on the activated carbon synthesized and characterized with various method including XRD, FT-IR and TEM. Then these nanomaterials with 45 nm average particle size was applied for extraction of diazinon pesticide based on dispersive nano solid material-ultrasound assisted microextraction (DNSUAME) from environmental water samples prior to HPLC-UV. The optimum effective variables on the extraction yields were investigated by central composite design.Findings: The optimized DNSUAME combined with HPLC-UV allowed quantification of trace levels of diazinon in the water samples. The advantages of the proposed method based on the new nanomaterial include simple, and inexpensive synthesis method; rapid and convenient extraction operation, feasibility for large-volume samples, high sensitivity, and precision and accuracy in preconcentration and determination of diazinon. Discussion and Conclusion: At optimum conditions values of variables set as 15.5 mg of NiZnS-AC, 5.5 min vortex and 5.5 min sonication time. At optimum conditions method has linear response over 0.001-10 µgmL-1 with detection limit 0.0005 µgmL-1 with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 6 % (n=6). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The assessment of Diazinon, Carbaryl and Azinphous metyl pesticides Residue in the rivers of Qom, Iran in 2016
Abedin Saghafipour Mohammad Reza Khaksar Nahid Jesri Fatemeh RezaeiBackground and Objective: Given the widespread use of pesticides to preserve crops, their retention in the environment is inevitable. Agricultural development and the use of various pesticides in Qom province can affect the aquatic ecosystem for a long time. The aim of MoreBackground and Objective: Given the widespread use of pesticides to preserve crops, their retention in the environment is inevitable. Agricultural development and the use of various pesticides in Qom province can affect the aquatic ecosystem for a long time. The aim of this study was to determine the residual concentrations of organophosphorus pesticides azinfus methyl and diazinon and carbamate carbohydrate toxin in water of major rivers of Qom province. Method: In this study, 144 water samples were collected from 4 main rivers of Qom during 12 consecutive months in 2016. For determination of these pesticides, two methods (solid- phase extraction and Liquid-Liquid extraction) were adopted and samples were analyzed by means of HPLC and GC/MS applying standard methods. Findings: Final results showed that the most concentration of Diazinon, Carbaryl and Azinphos metyl pesticides were found to be about 24.5 ppb (part per billion), 14.52 and 4.54 ppb in summer respectively. The minimum concentration of the three pesticides was detected in winter. According to the statistical test Two - Way ANOWA there were significant differences among pesticides concentrations in the water samples in different seasons (p<002). Results and Discussion: The findings of present study had shown that pesticides residue concentration in water samples is more than standard level. As a result of the continuous use of these pesticides in the agricultural activity, these emissions can be a serious threat to public health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Extraction and measurement of β-Carbolines and evaluation of antioxidant properties of leaf and seed extract of Spand (P.harmala) of Zahedan
Saeedeh Fahimi Shahrbanoo Oryan Ramesh Ahmadi Akram Eidiβ-Carbolines are an alkaloid containing indole group that easily passes through the blood-brain barrier and change the concentration of neurotransmitters, as well as a range of neurophysiological and toxic effects, including effects on body temperature, seizures, a Moreβ-Carbolines are an alkaloid containing indole group that easily passes through the blood-brain barrier and change the concentration of neurotransmitters, as well as a range of neurophysiological and toxic effects, including effects on body temperature, seizures, anti-depressant activity, vascular dilatation, anti-cumulative effects of platelets and effects on appetite. The aim of this study was to extract and measure β-Carboline and also phenolic compounds of Spand (p.harmala) collected from Zahedan. Further phytochemical analysis of extracts was carried out and the quantitative and qualitative analysis included identification of anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones, an antioxidant test of extract, FT-IR analysis of extract, quantitative and qualitative analysis of HPLC extract and alkaloids. The results showed that although the antioxidant properties of methanolic extract from leaves are higher (due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds) than the methanolic extract seeds, the amount of β-Carboline in the seeds of this plant (p.harmala) is higher. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Microextraction and Determination of Diclofenac in Biological Samples using Hollow Fiber Liquid Phase Microextraction Technique Coupled with HPLC-UV
Mohammad Reza Saadat Mahnaz Qomi Sahel Emadzadeh Marjan Gholghasemi -
Open Access Article
11 - Investigation of the Potential of Adsorption and Drug Delivery Application of the Duloxetine Antipsychotic by using its Molecular Imprinted Polymer
Seyyedeh Fatemeh Hoseini chehreghani Parviz Aberoomand Azar Maryam Shekarchi Bahram Daraei -
Open Access Article
12 - Quantification of β-carotene, aucubin content, their associations and contribution to other economic traits in Plantago germplasm
Sougata Sarkar Raj Kishori Lal Ram Kishor Verma -
Open Access Article
13 - Phytoconstituents profiling of Cissus rotundifolia (Forssk.) Vahl. by HPLC-MS/MS, and evaluation of its free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and cytotoxicity
Ataa Said Elsayed Ali Aboutabl Farouk Rasmy Melek Gehad Abdel Jaleel Raheem Abdel Jaleel Mona Raslan -
Open Access Article
14 - Determination of caffeine content in Wollega Zones, Ethiopian coffee bean, pulp and leaves by high performance liquid chromatography
Zerihun Asfew Aman Dekebo -
Open Access Article
15 - New flavonoid glycoside from Vicia faba L.
A.E. Allam -
Open Access Article
16 - Investigation of chemical characteristics of Eshnan (Seidlitzia rosmarinus Bunge ex Boiss) and quantitative determination of saponin ginsenosides by high-performance liquid chromatography
Mahnaz Davabi Maryam Kolahi Roya Azadi Nahid Pourreza -
Open Access Article
17 - Flavonoids from two Turkish Centaurea species and their chemotaxonomic implications
Sharmeen Uddin Lillian Alnsour Peter Segun Huseyin Servi Sezgin Celik R. Süleyman Göktürk Afaf Al-Groshi Shaymaa Al-Majmaie Stephanie T. Guetchueng Lutfun Nahar Nicola M. Dempster Fyaz M. D. Ismail Kenneth J. Ritchie Satyajit D. Sarker -
Open Access Article
18 - Study on Physiological Function Of Antifreeze Peptides, Extracted from Peronia peronii
Mohammad Amir Bitaab Jamileh Pazooki Sayyed Omid Ranaei SiadatInroduction and ObjectivePhysiological aspects of marine gastropod Peronia peronii as a true slug, guide us to study on its antifreeze peptides. Materials and Methods:Sampling was carried out during spring of 1391 in southern coast of the Qeshm Island. As we need a mini MoreInroduction and ObjectivePhysiological aspects of marine gastropod Peronia peronii as a true slug, guide us to study on its antifreeze peptides. Materials and Methods:Sampling was carried out during spring of 1391 in southern coast of the Qeshm Island. As we need a minimum natural changes for peptides extraction , samples moved to the lab alive. All body homogenized in liquid nitrogen after pull out the viscera. The extract passes through 10KD falcon filters then used for further purifications with RP-HPLC. ResultsThe results shown one of the HPLC fraction has antifreeze properties; freezing point is -41.2°c (average), melting point is -23.5°c (average) and 84.4 °c belong to boiling point. BSA with same concentration used as a control. Conclusion: The most probably aspect for existing these kinds of peptides may refer to adaptation of these gastropods for cold season. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Evaluation of Metabolic and Enzymatic Changes in Tears in Women During Menstrual Period
Vahab Jafarian Zahra BayaniInroduction & Objective: Human tears are a complex combination of proteins, enzymes, fats, metabolites, and electrolytes that in spite of keeping the eye surface clean and transparent, play an important role in nourishing the eye. Material and Method:The age of the MoreInroduction & Objective: Human tears are a complex combination of proteins, enzymes, fats, metabolites, and electrolytes that in spite of keeping the eye surface clean and transparent, play an important role in nourishing the eye. Material and Method:The age of the women tested was ranging from 18 to 24 years old and had complete physical and visual health with similar diet during one month before sampling. Tear samples of women were prepared as treatment on the third day of menstruation and control samples three days after menstruation. Some tear proteins were also analyzed by FPLC and RP-HPLC. In the present study, some biochemical alterations such as changes in lysozyme, peroxidase, alpha-amylase, tyrosinase, and changes in metabolites such as glucose, phosphorus, and calcium were measured and compared in tears of women during menstruation and normal conditions. Results: Biochemical results showed that the concentration of proteins (quantitative and qualitative (SDS-PAGE)) and lysozyme, peroxidase and tyrosinase enzymes increased in menstrual women as compared to their normal state, while alpha-amylase, glucose, phosphorus, and calcium were lower in tears during menstruation. Conclusion: According to our study, the reduction of glucose, phosphorus and calcium in tears can be considered as an indicator in comparative studies and medical diagnosis in women under menstruation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Assessment of four pesticide residues (diazinon, imidacloprid, primicarb and acetamiprid) in cucumber under greenhouse condition of Iran (Fars province)
H. Ostovan A. yazdanpak Sh. Hesami M. GheibiThe appearance of pesticides in agricultural products is a serious concern for consumers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of pesticides in cucumber in Fars province. The process of work was that 64 samples of fresh cucumber were analyzed for the pre MoreThe appearance of pesticides in agricultural products is a serious concern for consumers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of pesticides in cucumber in Fars province. The process of work was that 64 samples of fresh cucumber were analyzed for the presence of 4 pesticides (diazinon, imidacloprid, primicarb and acetamiprid) using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) multi-residue extraction, followed by high performance liquid Chromatography-Diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The residual behavior of diazinon (60%EC), primicarb (50% WP) imidacloprid (35% SC) and acetamiprid (20% SP) in cucumber under the greenhouse condition was studied. The cucumbers were randomly sampled after 2 (initial), 5, 10 and 14 days period after pesticides application. Both of acetamiprid and primicarb were found to be more persistent in cucumber compared with the other two tested pesticides; data also reported that the lowest residue (level 2.06 and 2.12 mg.kg-1)in cucumber was detected 14 days after application of acetamiprid and primicarb, while the lowest residue of diazinon and imidacloprid was 0.24 and 1.16 mg.kg-1 within 14 days. All tested residues dissipated 21 days after application in cucumber. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Investigating the amount of berberine alkaloid extracted from the root of barberry (Berberis vulgaris) native to Iran by HPLC method
Elham Shahriari Rad Shahram Shoeibi Shahin Bonakdar akram eidi Dariush Minai-TehraniToday, traditional and complementary medicine has a special place in the treating of many disorders and diseases. Valuable medicinal plants grow in Iran due to the special climate diversity. The barberry plant (Berberis vulgaris) is one of the most important and promine MoreToday, traditional and complementary medicine has a special place in the treating of many disorders and diseases. Valuable medicinal plants grow in Iran due to the special climate diversity. The barberry plant (Berberis vulgaris) is one of the most important and prominent plant species and has many therapeutic properties. Berberine, as the most important barberry alkaloid in the root, has a suitable concentration for extraction and utilization and introducing it as a natural substance with pharmacological properties is the aim of this research. The roots of the barberry plant were collected from Tehran city and ground after drying at ambient temperature and away from sunlight. Methanol was used to extract the berberine present in the root of this plant. After filtering, the methanolic extract was used to identify berberine using an HPLC device with a DAD detector. The resulting chromatogram shows the proper separation of barberry root extract and berberine peak peaks compared to the berberine standard, which was clearly separated and identified. The amount of berberine in barberry root was determined according to the calibration curve of 1.44%. Based on the obtained results and a review of the therapeutic and medicinal properties of native Iranian barberry, it is important to determine the amount of the effective substance in the context of its use in the prevention and treatment of various disorders and diseases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Phytochemical study of the Medicinal plant extract of (Rosa Canina L.) collected from Meshkin-shahr vegetation area and its antibacterial effect on common oral and dental bacteria.
Hojjat Eghbal Mehdi Ahmadi SabeghIntroduction and purpose: Recently, due to the increasing resistance of microorganisms to common antibiotics, the use of phenolic and antimicrobial compounds in medicinal plants has received special attention.Materials and methods: The extract of mountain nester plants MoreIntroduction and purpose: Recently, due to the increasing resistance of microorganisms to common antibiotics, the use of phenolic and antimicrobial compounds in medicinal plants has received special attention.Materials and methods: The extract of mountain nester plants was extracted by maceration method and their phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC, the antimicrobial effect of the extract was investigated in concentrations (25, 50 and 100 µg/ml). These bacteria included common microbes and fungi, including Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus salivaris, Streptococcus subrinus, Escherichia coli, Icnella cordens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Disc diffusion and MIC methods were used to investigate the antimicrobial activity of the extracts.Findings: In the investigation of the effect of each extract on bacteria, it was found that the medicinal plant of mountain nester has the least inhibitory effect against Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria and the most inhibitory effect on Candida glabrata fungus. The results of the MIC test also confirm these effectsConclusion: According to the phytochemical results obtained from the extract of this research, it can be stated that the studied medicinal plant has antibacterial phenolic compounds. Therefore, the results of the research showed that the medicinal plant extract of mountain nasturtium has appropriate antimicrobial properties against bacteria that cause oral and dental infections, so this herbal medicine can be used as an alternative to standard chlorhexidine drugs. And Nystatin said. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Investigation of medicinal compounds and analysis of food supplements formulated from cereals
Hojjat Eghbal Mehdi Ahmadi SabeghFood supplements are one of the most important and widely used products in the field of health, which have their own special supplements, classifications and subsets. Today, plant sources are receiving more and more attention as substitutes for chemicals in medicines an MoreFood supplements are one of the most important and widely used products in the field of health, which have their own special supplements, classifications and subsets. Today, plant sources are receiving more and more attention as substitutes for chemicals in medicines and food supplements, so this research aims to The investigation of medicinal compounds and the analysis of food supplements formulated from cereals were carried out. After preparation of plant samples and formulation, extraction by maceration method and identification of its constituent compounds was done by high-performance liquid chromatography-HPLC device, and then analysis and mineral elements of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, Iron, zinc, manganese, copper and cadmium were measured by flame photometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer using a more digestible method using nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and perchloric acid according to AOC standard methods and compared with each other. According to the results of the extract analysis, it was observed that the studied sample has 31.76% of phenolic compounds, of which 41.2% is gallic acid, and the most substance belongs to alpha-linolenic acid with It is 26.80 percent, it also has 43.51 mg/g of omega 3, 58.44 mg/g of omega 6 and 19.24 mg/g of omega 9, as well as various vitamins from The content was 52.4 mg of vitamin C and 63.6 micrograms of vitamin K. Based on the review of medicinal compounds and the analysis of food supplements formulated from grains and the results of extract analysis, it was observed that the studied food supplement has phenolic index compounds as well as macro and micro minerals and very effective vitamins. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The frequency of aflatoxin M1 detected by ELISA and high performance liquid chromatography in raw and pasteurized milk in the northern province of Kerman
S. Sadeghi H.R. Gheisary S. Basiri H. Rashidi S.S. ShekarforoushThe aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is present in the milk of livestock fed on contaminated feed. This study was conducted based on the fact that milk is one of the main sources of aflatoxin contamination in human. In order to record the frequency of AFM1, a total of 207 milk sampl MoreThe aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is present in the milk of livestock fed on contaminated feed. This study was conducted based on the fact that milk is one of the main sources of aflatoxin contamination in human. In order to record the frequency of AFM1, a total of 207 milk samples, including 153 raw milk samples from 12 different regions of Kerman province and 54 pasteurized milk samples produced in 10 dairy factories in Kerman province was checked by Elisa. Results showed that the concentration of AFM1 in 41.2% of raw and 35.2% of the pasteurized samples was above the maximum acceptable level (100 ng/L) approved by the National Institute of Standard, Iran. The amount of AFM1 in pasteurized milk was significantly lower than that in the raw milk. In order to confirm the results of ELISA, 24 samples of raw milk and 2 samples of pasteurized milk were also evaluated by HPLC, from which, four positive and five negative samples were finally confirmed. Although there was no significant correlation between the number of positive and negative samples in both methods, the concentration of AFM1 was significantly correlated. The sensitivity and the specificity of the ELISA test was respectively 100% and 25%. Since the concentration of aflatoxin was higher than the accepted level, a proper strategy of feeding management of the dairy farms in the province is suggested. In spite of the fact that ELISA is a suitable method for screening of AFM1, using a method with higher specificity is also recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Evaluation of aflatoxin content in pistachio, almond, hazelnut and walnut in Isfahan
Z. Shakeri E. Rahimi A. ShakerianAflatoxins are a group of closely related carcinogenic metabolites produced by certain species of Aspergillus. The objective of this study was to detect the level of aflatoxin in nuts. A total of 80 samples of nuts including, pistachio (20), almond (20), hazelnut (20) a MoreAflatoxins are a group of closely related carcinogenic metabolites produced by certain species of Aspergillus. The objective of this study was to detect the level of aflatoxin in nuts. A total of 80 samples of nuts including, pistachio (20), almond (20), hazelnut (20) and walnut (20) were collected and were analyzed (using HPLC) for aflatoxin B and aflatoxin G in Isfahan during 2016. The aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, and total aflatoxin were found in 2.5%, 5.5%, 5.7%, 7.2%, and 10% of the analyzed sample (by an average concentration of 8.32, 5.635, 3.067, 1.705 and 10.375 ppb), respectively. The concentration of AFB1 in 66.67% and the concentration of AFT in 37.5% from positive samples were higher than the approved limit (5 ppm) of Iranian National Standard. The percentage of pistachio AF-positive nuts was significantly (p < 0.05) more than other analyzed nuts (almond, hazelnut, and walnut). The results showed that contamination of nuts in Isfahan (especially pistachio) to aflatoxins was not satisfactory and can adversely affect the consumer's health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Determination of oxytetracycline residues in the distributed meat products in Tabriz by high-performance liquid chromatography method
Jafar Shadjou Mohammad Hosein MovassaghThe excessive use of antibiotics in animal husbandry has led to the appearance of antibiotic residues in meat and could threaten public health. The study aimed to determine the oxytetracycline residue level in meat products in Tabriz. A total of 60 samples of meat produ MoreThe excessive use of antibiotics in animal husbandry has led to the appearance of antibiotic residues in meat and could threaten public health. The study aimed to determine the oxytetracycline residue level in meat products in Tabriz. A total of 60 samples of meat products (sausages, Persian sausages and hamburgers, 20 samples from each meat product) were randomly collected from food supply stores in Tabriz from March to May 2021. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the level of oxytetracycline residue levels in the samples. The results showed that the mean of oxytetracycline residue in sausage, Persian sausage, and hamburger was 82.48±7.06, 57.35±4.27, and 150.79±3.65 µg/Kg, respectively. The mean value of oxytetracycline residues showed a significant (p<0.05) difference between the three products. Also, oxytetracycline residue was observed in all samples. However, in all samples, it was below the allowed limit of Codex Alimentarius (200 µg/kg). The average residue of oxytetracycline in hamburgers was significantly higher than in sausages. In hamburgers with 90% meat, the average amount of oxytetracycline was more than in hamburgers with 70% meat, which can be related to the percentage of meat in the product (p<0.05). Although the level of oxytetracycline residue in the present study was less than the permissible limit, considering the consumption of meat products in the country, it is necessary to control and monitor the presence of antibiotics in foods of animal origin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Extraction and determination of Benzoyl-urea insecticides in some fresh fruits using dispersive liquid phase micro-extraction and HPLC method
J. Khandaghi M. R. Afshar MogaddamTo improve the quality and increase the shelf life of agricultural products, many pesticides are widely used. Although the use of pesticides in agricultural applications provides a wide range of beneficial effects, overuse of these substances results in their accumulati MoreTo improve the quality and increase the shelf life of agricultural products, many pesticides are widely used. Although the use of pesticides in agricultural applications provides a wide range of beneficial effects, overuse of these substances results in their accumulation in soil, surface water, and foods. The analysis of pesticide residues is thus very important for the health of consumers. In this study, a combined extraction method of QuEChERS based on deep eutectic solvents and DLLME method for the extraction of Hexaflumuron, Chlorfluazuron, Flufenoxuron, Diafenthiuron, and Diflubenzuron benzoylurea pesticides from fruit samples of grape, apple, cherry, apricot, and orange and then analyzing them using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector is presented. According to the results, the proposed method is simple, reliable, and inexpensive with low organic solvent consumption and has a short analysis time, and indicates good values extraction efficiency, so that under optimal conditions, limits of detection and quantification were obtained in the range of 3.3-6.5 and 11.2-22.2 ng/ml, respectively. Recovery rates and enhancement factors ranged from 52% to 88%. In actual samples, only Flufenoxuron insecticide present in one grape sample was detected at 17 0.5 ng/ml. TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Back // TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Back // Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Histamine determination in Koopeh cheese in West-Azerbaijan province by HPLC
S.M Razavi Rohani حسن Hassanzadazar جواد Aliakbarlu Histamine as a primary heterocyclic amine has an important role in human physiology particularly in nervous system as a chemical mediator and neurotransmitter that was found in many foods such as cheese, milk, meat, fish, beer, wine and vegetables. Increasi More Histamine as a primary heterocyclic amine has an important role in human physiology particularly in nervous system as a chemical mediator and neurotransmitter that was found in many foods such as cheese, milk, meat, fish, beer, wine and vegetables. Increasing of histamine concentration in foods is often related to low quality of raw materials, contamination, improper food processing or storage. Therefore, the amount of histamine content is used as a good indicator of hygienic quality in foods and the degree of freshness or spoilage of foods. Histamine can cause symptoms in sensitive consumers such as: redness of face, sweating, palpitations, headache, oral burning and bright red rashes. Cheese provides an ideal environment for the production of proteolytic releases of free amino acids and biogenic amines such as histamine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of histamine in Koopeh cheese as one of the most popular types of traditional cheeses made from raw sheep milk or sometimes cow milk in West-Azerbaijan province, Iran. Experiments conducted by HPLC method on 70 samples of traditional Koopeh cheese revealed that the least amount of histamine was 2.43 ppm and the highest value was estimated at 1102.24 ppm. The average amount of histamine in cheese samples was 304.23 ± 150.89 ppm. Histamine production in cheese and other foods is based on the presence and growth of decarboxylase-positive microorganisms. Therefore, providing guidelines that reduce the population of these types of microorganisms will be effective on decreasing the amount of biogenic amines and histamine in particular. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Patulin contamination in apple leathers and apple juice in Shahrekord, 2014
ابراهیم Rahimi زینب Torki Baghbaderani امیر ShakerianPatulin is a mycotoxin produced by a variey of mold species. In this study, a total of 70 samples consisting of 35 apple leathers and 35 apple juice samples was randomly obtained from different supermarkets of Shahrekord. Using HPLC-DAD technique and in accordance with MorePatulin is a mycotoxin produced by a variey of mold species. In this study, a total of 70 samples consisting of 35 apple leathers and 35 apple juice samples was randomly obtained from different supermarkets of Shahrekord. Using HPLC-DAD technique and in accordance with the Iranian National Standard method, the samples were analyzed for patulin contamination. According to the results, patulin was detected in 14 (40%) of apple leather and 7 (20%) of the apple juice samples. Mean values of patulin concentrations in the apple leathert and apple juice samples were estimated as 34.9± 26.3 and 26 ± 19.7 µ/kg, respectively. Although the mean concentration of patulin was lower than the Iranian/European approved limit (50 µg/kg), patulin contamination level was found higher than the maximum approved limit in 5.7% and 2.9% of the the apple leather and apple juices samples, respectively. Therefore, to minimize the contamination of patulin in theses products, the necessary practices should be conducted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Survey of ochratoxin A in raisin produced in Hamadan province factories and relationship between contamination with defective seeds
علی Heshmati علی اصغر Vahidinia مرضیه Jafari Ochratoxin A is one of the most common of raisin mycotoxins which is potential nephrotoxin in human and a teratogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and immunosuppressive toxin. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of ochratoxin in raisin produced in More Ochratoxin A is one of the most common of raisin mycotoxins which is potential nephrotoxin in human and a teratogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and immunosuppressive toxin. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of ochratoxin in raisin produced in Hamadan factories and its relationship with product quality (percentage of defective seeds). Sixty six raisin samples from 22 raisin producing plants in Hamadan province gathered in 2011-2012. Ochratoxin A from samples was extracted, cleaned up by immunoaffinity column and quantified with HPLC. Defective seed contents (in percentage) were determined by dividing unripe, damaged, moldy and sugary seed weight to sample weight (100 g). Ochratoxin average value and defective seed percentage was 1.72 μg/kg and 3.49%, respectively. Twenty three sampled had no ochratoxin; in 38 samples, Ochratoxin level was less than the national standard level (5 μg/kg); 5 samples had ochratoxin level more than 5 μg/kg. In all samples, defective seed percentage was less than the maximum allowable amount (10%). The apparent quality of raisin, defective seed percentage, was not significantly correlated with the amount of ochratoxin (P< 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Effect of different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on reduction of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2
R. Karami-Osboo M. MirabolfathySaccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the major microorganisms widely used in food fermentation, and the ability of its strains to reduce the level of aflatoxins has been reported. The aim of this study was to test the capability of S. cerevisiae strains on reduction of af MoreSaccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the major microorganisms widely used in food fermentation, and the ability of its strains to reduce the level of aflatoxins has been reported. The aim of this study was to test the capability of S. cerevisiae strains on reduction of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 levels. For this reason, standard strains of PTCC 5052 and PTCC 5269 were cultivated on Yeast Mold Agar. Afterwards, cell suspension containing 107 cell/ml was spiked into PBS (pH= 7.2) containing 20 ng/ml of each B1, B2, G2 and G1 aflatoxins. Aflatoxin levels were determined using HPLC and immunoaffinity columns. The results show that different strains of S. cerevisiae reduced the aflatoxin levels in a different rate and various durations. At the time 320 min the PTCC 5052 strain reduced the aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 levels to 11.2 , 13.9, 8.0 and 8.1%, respectively; meanwhile, these results for the PTCC 5269 strain 9.5, 8.0, 2.3 and 16.2%, respectively. Results suggested that different strains of S. cerevisiae had a different reduction rate on aflatoxins. Moreover, the strains need to have sufficient time to absorb the maximum amounts of aflatoxin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Effect of different processing stages of commercial fruit leather on patulin reduction
M.H Eskandari هاشم , Montaseri GH Mesbahi علیرضا TaheriYaganeh ، مهرداد Niakousari سمیه Karami Fruit leather (Lavashak) is a high consumption food product especially among children in Iran. This product is being manufactured by low quality fruits that usually are contaminated with molds and patulin mycotoxin. The objective of this study was to More Fruit leather (Lavashak) is a high consumption food product especially among children in Iran. This product is being manufactured by low quality fruits that usually are contaminated with molds and patulin mycotoxin. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of industrial processing stages of leather production (including pre-heating, filtration, evaporation, formulation and final heat boiling and drying) on reduction of patulin level. Samples were taken for analysis prior and following each processing steps and patulin level was determined using HPLC technique. The results indicated that the maximum reduction of patulin level was ooccurred during formulation and evaporation steps which was estimated at 24.60 and 18.20%, respectively. Meanwhilewhile after drying, filtration, and pre-heating processes, the main loss of patulin was 8.58, 3.82 and 2.48%, respectively. It was concluded that the amount of residual patulin in final product was higher than 40% of its primary concentration. Besides, various processing stages were found insufficient to eliminate all of patulin or to reduce its level to lower than the maximum acceptable limit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Comparison of calorimetric and HPLC methods in measuring nitrate content of meat products: An economic evaluation
مسعود moradi کیومرث SHarafi سهراب Delangizan ستار JamshidpoorNitrate is a flavors compound, color stabilizer and growth inhibitor of anaerobic microorganisms in meat products. High concentration of nitrate in food can cause methaemoglobinaemia and is recognized as carcinogenic. Therefore, accurate determination of nitrate is cruc MoreNitrate is a flavors compound, color stabilizer and growth inhibitor of anaerobic microorganisms in meat products. High concentration of nitrate in food can cause methaemoglobinaemia and is recognized as carcinogenic. Therefore, accurate determination of nitrate is crucial to ensure consumers’ health. Regularly, nitrate is estimated by colorimetric and HPLC methods. In measurement of nitrate, the efficiency, accuracy, speed and amount of material are important from economical point of view. In this study, the cost of initial investment, staff, consumable material and equipments used by the two methods were calculated and finally Net Present Value (NPV) was estimated for each of them. The rate of interest was considered from 4 until 30%. According to the results the amount of initial investment, annual cost of staff and consumable materials for colorimetric method were determined as 274000000, 379080000 and 214289130 Rials, respectively. These costs for HPLC method were 342000000, 252720000 and 7633080 Rials, respectively. NPV in minimum and maximum rates of interest (4 and 30%) for colorimetric method were 8368344000 and 2242330000 Rials and for HPLC method were estimated at 4035848000 and 1207544000 Rials. As a consequence, HPLC is more economical and could be recommended for the routine measurement of nitrate in of food safety laboratories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Comparison of Spectrophotometry and HPLC methods in measurement of potassium sorbate in industrial fruit juices
M. Shariat Lakzadeh, L Lakzadeh, L M. MirmohammadyToday, assessing the presence of preservatives in food are important measures to ensure food safety. Potassium sorbate is one of the most usual preservatives that acceptable in some of food for suppressing mold spoilage. In this research sorbate was measured in several MoreToday, assessing the presence of preservatives in food are important measures to ensure food safety. Potassium sorbate is one of the most usual preservatives that acceptable in some of food for suppressing mold spoilage. In this research sorbate was measured in several industrial fruit juices to make a comparison between spectrophotometry and HPLC assays and consequently to examine the reliability of spectrophotometry data. Although the methods were optimized by maximum speed, attention, reduction of solvent consumption. A total of 28 samples of industrial fruit juices was collected and analyzed. The results showed that all of the fruit juices contained potassium sorbate. Highest level of sorbate was determined in pomegranate juice which was estimated at 7.22, 1.23 ppm by spectrophotometer and HPLC, respectively. The high level of sorbate in spectrophotometry method is related to interference of some material due to their absorbance ability of UV-visible ray. The comparison of spectrophotometry and HPLC data showed that in spite of simplicity and low cost of spectrophotometry, it did not have efficiency to determine the exact amount of sorbate. Moreover, due to the presence of sorbate in industrial fruit juices, it is necessary to strictly monitor sorbate concentration in foods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Investigation of antioxidant activity and application of HPLC technique for analysis of phenolic compounds of Amygdalus haussknechtii leaf extract
Ali Asghar Hatamnia Rabie SharifiThis study was conducted to investigate antioxidant compounds contents and antioxidant activity of three Amygdalus haussknechtii genotypes in the natural habitat of Ilam Province. Total phenolic content was measured using Folin–Ciocalteu method and antioxidant act MoreThis study was conducted to investigate antioxidant compounds contents and antioxidant activity of three Amygdalus haussknechtii genotypes in the natural habitat of Ilam Province. Total phenolic content was measured using Folin–Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activity was estimated by two methods, namely DPPH (2,2-diphenyl- 1- picrylhydrazyl) and nitric oxide radical scavenging. High- performance chromatography was used for quantitative estimation of the phenolic compounds. Results showed that antioxidant activity of leaf extract of H3 genotype was significantly higher than that of H1 and H2 genotypes. The high antioxidant activity can be attributed to higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents, so that high correlation coefficient was observed between total phenolic content and DPPH and nitric oxide radical scavenging, R = 0.902 and R= 0.806, respectively. Analyzing the phenolic compounds by HPLC method indicated that catechin, sinapic acid, quercetin, and apigenin were found in H3 genotype. Also, apigenin compound was observe in all three investigated genotypes. Generally, the results suggested that leaf extract of H3 genotype with high phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity can be presented as a source of natural antioxidant and used in pharmaceutical industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Determination Of Secondary Materials In Leaves And Orange Fruit (Thompson) In Four Geographical Directions Crown Of The Tree In Golestan Province
Saeed Danesh Khodayar Hemmati Sadegh AtashiOrange (Citrus sinensis L.) is a tree of which leaves, flowers, fruit and fruit skin lesions have been used in different industries including cosmetics, health and food industries. Orange fruit rich in vitamin C and other active substances such as phenols and flavonoids MoreOrange (Citrus sinensis L.) is a tree of which leaves, flowers, fruit and fruit skin lesions have been used in different industries including cosmetics, health and food industries. Orange fruit rich in vitamin C and other active substances such as phenols and flavonoids, which is the very useful for human health.The aim of this study was to investigate the different secondary substances in leaves and fruits (Thompson) in four geographical directions of tree crown. Treatments, including four geographical crown directions (north, south, east and west) and two different organs: leaves and fruit.This study was carried out using the factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Biochemical parameters contents of total phenol, total flavonoids, antioxidants, total soluble sugar, Naringin and hesperidin were assessed. The amount of phenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and total soluble sugar was measured by spectrophotometer. The amount of Naringin and hesperidin was measured by HPLC.Based on the results, The highest rate of total soluble sugar was observed in the result of interaction of the eastern direction and fruit. The highest rate of Naringin And Hesperidin was observed in the interaction of southern direction and fruit.The highest rate of phenol were observed in interaction of western direction and fruit. The highest rate of flavonoid was in interaction between eastern direction and fruit. The highest total antioxidant activity was in interaction between eastern direction and fruit.according to the results of this experiment, it has been specified that geographical directions of south and east have the maximum effect on the biochemistry characteristics and fruit organ, This may be due to the better and more light received in these parts of the tree canopy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and quercetin in petals of Rosa damascene Mill. from North and North eastern Regions of Iran
Jaimand, جایمند Rezaee, M.B M.H Asareh S.R Tabaei Aghdaei سعیده Meshkyzadeh,Flavonoid components are the largest phenolic groups in nature. Kaempferol, quercetin has medicinal effects againts viruses and cancer cells. In f this research for extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and Quercetin in petals of Rosa damascena MoreFlavonoid components are the largest phenolic groups in nature. Kaempferol, quercetin has medicinal effects againts viruses and cancer cells. In f this research for extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and Quercetin in petals of Rosa damascena from north and north eastern of Iran, samples were collected in research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. Fresh flower petals were extracting and were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Two flavonoids kaempferol and quercetin glycoside compounds were extracted from 7 samples. The highest kaempferol content were obtained from Mazanderan 758ppm, Golestan 354ppm, and Cemnan 1, 349ppm, and the lowest from Gilan, 243ppm, Khorasan 2, 245ppm, and Khorasan 1, 283ppm. The highest quercetin glucoside contents were obtained from Khorasan 2, 2763ppm, Golestan, 617ppm, and Khorasan 1, 266ppm, and lowest were from Cemnan 1, 100 ppm, Gilan 174 ppm, and Mazanderan 204 ppm. According to the results best samples were from Khorasan 2 (245ppm kaempferol, 2763ppm quercetin), Golestan (354ppm kaempferol, 617ppm quercetin) and Khorasan 1 (283ppm kaempferol, 266 ppm quercetin). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Extraction and compare of Oleuropin compound in olea europaea L. in three province state of Gilan, Tehran and Fars
Jaimand, جایمند M.B Rezaee, A.N Ashtiany مصطفی GolipoorPhenolic compounds in Olive fruits are important factors to consider in order to evaluate the quality of virgin Olive oil. Several studies concerning phenolic compounds in the Olive have already been carried out. Oleuropein, have pharmacological properties which have a MorePhenolic compounds in Olive fruits are important factors to consider in order to evaluate the quality of virgin Olive oil. Several studies concerning phenolic compounds in the Olive have already been carried out. Oleuropein, have pharmacological properties which have a antibiotic and antiviral effects. In this research, we study about determination of oleuropein in leaf and fruits of Olea europaea L. from three province of Gilan, Tehran and Fars are colected. After collection of samples in every months for leaves and fruits from June up to December, samples are dried and Extraction was with methanol and determinded by HPLC. In this study, oleuropein in leaves from three proviance of Gilan, Tehran and Fars are 39217, 33665 and 31311 ppm in January respectly, and in fruits are 35328 and 29740 ppm in July and 22095 ppm in September, respectly. These amounts shows that highest are in Gilan provience and Fars have a lowest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - اثر ارتفاع بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی برگ گیاه گزنه (L. Urtica dioica) در استانهای مازندران و گلستان
مصطفی نجار فیروز جایی خدایار همتی سارا خراسانی نژاد امیر دارائی گرمه خانی امین اله باقری فرد -
Open Access Article
40 - Investigation on variation of alkaloids content in different parts of Physalis divaricata D. Don. From Shahrekord region
Elham Moallem Prof. Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti Iraj Mehregan Taher Nejhad Sattari Alireza IranbakhshPhysalis divaricata D. Don.is a medicinal plant belonging to Solanaceae family. It consists of different tropane alkaloids, especially atropine, scopolamine, and physalin. In this study, P. divaricata was cultivated at greenhouse conditions in the field experimental of MorePhysalis divaricata D. Don.is a medicinal plant belonging to Solanaceae family. It consists of different tropane alkaloids, especially atropine, scopolamine, and physalin. In this study, P. divaricata was cultivated at greenhouse conditions in the field experimental of Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord. So various parts of plant, including root, stem, leaf, fruit, and flower at the late flowering stage were harvested in Spring 2015 and then the ethanolic extracts of the samples were obtained by soxhlet extraction method. The contents of atropine, scopolamineand physalin B were measured by calculating the curve of HPLC with three replications. The comparison results at the 5% level indicated that the fruits extract had the highest content of physalin B, the highest content of atropine was reported from the leaves extract and the highest content of scopolamine was reported from the flower extract. In conclusion, the main source of the secondary metabolites seemed to be a difference in type parts of the herb. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - شناسایی و تعیین ساختمان ترکیب ضد سرطانی سورولین درگیاه دارویی Psoralea corylifolia
بهروز محمدپرست موسی رسولی رضا داوری علیرضا روستایی -
Open Access Article
42 - The possibility of adsorption of Duloxetine antipsychotic drug from blood plasma by using its molecular imprinted polymer
Naghmeh Ali Kahi Bahram Daraei Leila Torkian Maryam Shekarchi AmirHossein Monzavi -
Open Access Article
43 - طراحی و بررسی ویژگیهای فیزیکی حاملهای لیپیدی نانوساختار حاوی اولئوروپئین
منصوره سلیمانی فرد علیرضا صادقی محمد قربانی روح الله حیدری خسرو عزیزی اصغر سپه وند سید پیمان هاشمی -
Open Access Article
44 - Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Milk Produced in Qazvin Province By ELISA and HPLC
Reza Norian Ali Reza Pourfarzaneh Faramarz MashatianAbstract Use of raw milk and dairy products containing aflatoxin M1 has led to concern in consumers. The aim of this study was to determine the aflatoxin M1 in raw cow milk in Qazvin Province. In this research, 170 raw cow milk were collected from dairy farm, dairy fac MoreAbstract Use of raw milk and dairy products containing aflatoxin M1 has led to concern in consumers. The aim of this study was to determine the aflatoxin M1 in raw cow milk in Qazvin Province. In this research, 170 raw cow milk were collected from dairy farm, dairy factories, milk collection centers and milk supply centers in Qazvin Province during winter 2013. The samples were analyzed with a commercial competitive enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) kit and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the samples with aflatoxin higher than 0.5 ng/ml. Statistical tests including ANOVA and Tukey were used to analyze the data. Aflatoxin M1 contamination was observed in 100% of the milk samples. Among the milk samples (33.52%) had a contamination of aflatoxin M1, higher than threshold level of The Institute of Standards & Industrial Research of Iran (0.5 ppb), while in 66.48%, concentration of aflatoxin M1 was less than the limits permitted. The mean concentration of aflatoxin in dairy farm was 0.215 ng/ml, in dairy factories was 0.268 ng/ml, in milk collection centers was 0.734 ng/ml and in milk supply centers was 0.409 ng/ml. Due to high level of contamination observed in samples, regular monitoring of production and distribution of milk and dairy products is necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - بررسی تنوع اکوتیپی و شیمیوتیپی آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenensis Celak) در استان های اصفهان و چهارمحال و بختیاری
آبنوس کریمی عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی فاطمه ملک پور مهدی یوسفی احمدرضا گل پرورمقدمه و هدف: آویشن دنایی(Thymus daenensis Celak.) یکی از گیاهان دارویی متعلق به خانواده نعناع است. سرشاخه های گلدار این گیاه علفی و چند ساله کاربرد وسیعی در تهیه دارو و درمان انسان در طب سنتی دارد. مهم ترین ماده مؤثره آن، تیمول و کارواکرول می باشد. از آنجایی که شر Moreمقدمه و هدف: آویشن دنایی(Thymus daenensis Celak.) یکی از گیاهان دارویی متعلق به خانواده نعناع است. سرشاخه های گلدار این گیاه علفی و چند ساله کاربرد وسیعی در تهیه دارو و درمان انسان در طب سنتی دارد. مهم ترین ماده مؤثره آن، تیمول و کارواکرول می باشد. از آنجایی که شرایط اکولوژی نقش عمده ای در رشد، نمو، کیفیت و کمیت ماده مؤثره گیاهان دارویی دارد، تحقیق حاضر به منظور بررسی اثر عوامل اکولوژیکی بر میزان ماده مؤثره عصاره این گیاه به مرحله اجرا در آمد. روش تحقیق: در این تحقیق گیاه آویشن دنایی از 22 منطقه استان های اصفهان و چهارمحال و بختیاری جمع آوری گردید. پس از عصاره گیری و تزریق نمونه ها به دستگاه HPLC، کروماتوگرام های حاصل از دستگاه، درصد تیمول و کارواکرول هر منطقه را مشخص نمود. نتایج و بحث: بیشترین میزان تیمول (5/3%) مربوط به نمونه شیخ شبان در ارتفاع 3747 متر از سطح دریا و بیشترین میزان کارواکرول (3/2%) مربوط به نمونه لارک در ارتفاع 2370 متر از سطح دریا به دست آمد. نتایج تجزیه همبستگی نشان داد که ارتفاع از سطح دریا بر میزان تیمول اثر معنی­دار و مثبت دارد و بر میزان کارواکرول اثر معنی­داری ندارد. توصیه کاربردی- صنعتی: با توجه به اهمیت و خاصیت ضدمیکروبی ترکیبات تیمول و کارواکرول در گونه آویشن دنایی و با توجه به این که بهترین منطقه رویشگاه این گیاه با تولید بیشتر ترکیب های مذکور مربوط به منطقه شیخ شبان در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری می باشد، بنابراین استفاده از جمعیت آویشن این منطقه جهت کشت و کار و نیز ایجاد شرایط اکولوژیکی (خاک، آب و هوا، جغرافیایی) شبیه این منطقه برای تولید بیشتر این ترکیبات توصیه می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - ارزیابی فارماکوگنوستیک، تجزیه و تحلیل HPLC-DAD و GC-MS گیاه Ziziphus mauritiana
اوون-اوباسکی ادهیا زینب آروولو روئل ساموئل ابراهیم گگلهBackground & Aim: Indian jujube or ber, Ziziphus mauritiana, is a member of the Rhamnaceae family with elliptic paired leaves. They have historically been used to manage a variety of conditions including hypertension, diabetes, liver disease, gonorrhea, abscesses, a MoreBackground & Aim: Indian jujube or ber, Ziziphus mauritiana, is a member of the Rhamnaceae family with elliptic paired leaves. They have historically been used to manage a variety of conditions including hypertension, diabetes, liver disease, gonorrhea, abscesses, and diarrhea. The aim of this study was to investigate and establish the pharmacognostic and physicochemical characteristics of the leaves of Ziziphus mauritiana (Lam) by GC-MS, and HPLC analysis.Experimental: The dried leaves of Ziziphus mauritiana (Lam.) were extracted with 70% ethanol. Phytochemical screening, HPLC-DAD, and GC-MS analysis were carried out on the ethanolic leaf extract using standard method. The epidermal leaf microscopy was done on the fresh leaf, and other pharmacognostic evaluation such as chemomicroscopy, moisture content, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water-soluble ash, alcohol soluble extractive value, and water-soluble extractive values were also carried out on the powdered leaf sample.Results: Quantitative phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloid and saponin at 1.86±0.23% and 1.5±0.86%, respectively. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of quercetin, rutin, catechin, ferulic acid, and gallic acid while GC-MS revealed the presence of 1,2 Benzenedicarboxylic acid and n-Decanoic acid. The pharmacognostic parameters of total ash were10.3 ±0.3% with acid-insoluble ash of 3.3 ±0.2%, water-soluble ash of 2.8 ±0.2%, moisture content of 5.5 ±0.3%, alcohol soluble extractive value of 8.1 ± 0.3% and water-soluble extractive value of 10.2 ±0.3%. Chemo-microscopic evaluation indicated the presence of lignin, cellulose, tannins, starch, calcium oxalate, oils, and protein. Microscopy, fluorescence, and organoleptic analysis were also documented.Recommended applications/industries: The findings on the pharmacognostic characteristics, physicochemical parameters, GC-MC analysis, and HPLC analysis of Z. mauritiana leaf can be used as diagnostic features that are useful in identifying and monitoring of the purity of the crude plant drug as well as being useful in telling the difference between closely related species used as raw material. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - تأثیر شرایط محیط کشت و نگهداری کلاله زعفران (Crocus sativus L) بر میزان ترکیب کروسین
کامکار جایمند محمد باقر رضایی اکبر نجفی آشتیانیمقدمه و هدف: زعفران با نام علمی ((Crocus sativus L. به مقدار وسیعی در صنایع غذایی استفاده می شود. زعفران به عنوان رنگ و طعم دهنده کاربرد دارد. کلاله زعفران دارای کارتنوئیدهای کمی محلول در آب و دارای ترکیب عمده کروسین می باشد که این تر Moreمقدمه و هدف: زعفران با نام علمی ((Crocus sativus L. به مقدار وسیعی در صنایع غذایی استفاده می شود. زعفران به عنوان رنگ و طعم دهنده کاربرد دارد. کلاله زعفران دارای کارتنوئیدهای کمی محلول در آب و دارای ترکیب عمده کروسین می باشد که این ترکیب دارای اثرات مهمی علیه طیف وسیعی از تومورها در موش و سلول های لوسمی انسان و دیگر مدل های سرطانی عملکرد خوبی داشته است. در این تحقیق به تأثیر شرایط محیط کشت و نگهداری کلاله زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) بر میزان ترکیب Crocin در دو استان تهران و مرکزی پرداختیم.روش تحقیق: نمونه های مورد آزمایش از تربت حیدریه در آذر سال 1385جمع آوری و تحت شرایط مختلف محیطی کرج و خمین به مدت 20 ماه در شرایط نور، محیط تاریک و در یخچال قرار دادیم. سپس نمونه ها در مرداد 1387 جهت اندازه گیری میزان ترکیب Crocin با دستگاه HPLC مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.نتایج و بحث : نتایج این تحقیق میزان ترکیب Crocin در شرایط مختلف نگهداری کلاله زعفران از شهرستان کرج، به ترتیب در معرض نور 029/0 درصد، در محیط تاریک 041/0 درصد و در یخچال صفر درجه 030/0 درصد بدست آمد. نتایج این تحقیق میزان ترکیب Crocin در شرایط مختلف از شهرستان خمین، در معرض نور 030/0 درصد، در محیط تاریک 030/0 درصد و در یخچال صفر درجه 028/0 درصد بدست آمد.توصیه کاربردی / صنعتی: با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده، شرایط مناسب نگهداری کلاله زعفران در محیط تاریک پیشنهاد می گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - بررسی اثر خشک کردن بر استخراج اینولین از کاسنی ریشه ای (Cichuriumintybus L)
حمیده وکیلی محمد حجت الاسلامیمقدمه و هدف: اینولین یک پلی ساکارید ذخیره ای از دسته فروکتون ها با خواص تغذیهای و تکنولوژیکی منحصر بفردی است و ریشه کاسنی ریشهای (چیکوری) حاوی اینولین با زنجیرهای بلند و پایدار بعنوان تنها منبع ریشه ای برای تولید صنعتی اینولین میباشد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی مقایسه مق Moreمقدمه و هدف: اینولین یک پلی ساکارید ذخیره ای از دسته فروکتون ها با خواص تغذیهای و تکنولوژیکی منحصر بفردی است و ریشه کاسنی ریشهای (چیکوری) حاوی اینولین با زنجیرهای بلند و پایدار بعنوان تنها منبع ریشه ای برای تولید صنعتی اینولین میباشد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی مقایسه مقدار و زمان استخراج بیشینه اینولین و رنگ عصاره استخراجی از ریشه چیکوری تازه و خشک در طول زمان استخراج میباشد. روش تحقیق: ریشه چیکوری کاشته شده در مجتمع کشت و صنعت قزوین برداشت و برای استخراج عصاره از روش دیفوزیون و نسبت آب به خلال ۵ به ۱ و دمای ۶۰ درجه سانتیگراد و pHبرابر با ۵ استفاده شد. خشک کردن خلال ها در آون سیرکوله دار ودمای ۷۰ درجه سانتیگراد انجام گرفت. برای اندازه گیری اینولین از دستگاه HPLC و برای اندازه گیری رنگ عصاره از دستگاه رنگ سنج در طول موج ۴۲۰ نانومتر استفاده گردید. نتایج و بحث: بیشترین مقدار اینولین برای خلال تازه در زمان ۶۰ و درمورد خلال خشک در زمان ۱۱۰ دقیقه استخراج گردید. اگرچه خشک کردن به طور معنی دار باعث کاهش در میزان اینولین در ریشه چیکوری نمیشود اما به طور چشمگیر باعث افزایش زمان استخراج تا ۲ برابر میگردد.همینطورخشک کردن به طور معنادار باعث کاهش رنگ عصاره استخراج شده از خلال چیکوری میشود که بدلیل اثر آنزیم بری در حین فرایند خشک کردن میباشد. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: با توجه به محدود بودن زمان برداشت گیاه و در عین حال محدودیت ظرفیت کارخانه جهت استخراج، خشک کردن روش مناسبی جهت نگهداری ریشه ها برای استفاده در فصول دیگر سال میباشد بدون اینکه اثر نامطلوبی بر راندمان استخراج داشته باشد و همچنین خشک کردن ریشه ها در محل کاشت، باعث کاهش حجم ریشه و کاهش هزینه حمل و نقل آن به کارخانه میگردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - اندازه گیری میزان ترکیبات فنولیک در کیک اسفنجی حاوی برگ گیاه بادرنجبویه
ندا سادات نوری زاده محمد حجت الاسلامی جواد کرامتمقدمه و هدف:امروزه اکثر مصرف­کنندگان مصرف غذاهای سالم تر را ترجیح می دهند. به این منظور صنعت و محققان به دنبال بهبود کیفیت، طعم، و تنوع محصولات می باشند. گیاهان دارویی و ادویه ها غنی از ترکیبات فنولیک می باشند و توجه صنعت غذا را به خود جلب کرده اند. زیرا می تو Moreمقدمه و هدف:امروزه اکثر مصرف­کنندگان مصرف غذاهای سالم تر را ترجیح می دهند. به این منظور صنعت و محققان به دنبال بهبود کیفیت، طعم، و تنوع محصولات می باشند. گیاهان دارویی و ادویه ها غنی از ترکیبات فنولیک می باشند و توجه صنعت غذا را به خود جلب کرده اند. زیرا می توانند کیفیت و ارزش تغذیه­ای غذا را بهبود بخشند. بادرنجبویه نوعی گیاه دارویی آروماتیک بادوام است که حاوی ترکیبات فنولیک فراوان می باشد. از آن جا که بیشتر ماده موثره بادرنجبویه در برگ­های آن است بهتر است که فقط برگ های آن مورد استفاده قرار گیرند تا میزان ماده موثره حاصله بیشتر باشد. در این تحقیق به بررسی اثر جایگزینی آرد با پودر برگ گیاه بادرنجبویه بر خواص کیک اسفنجی پرداخته شد.روش تحقیق:نمونه های کیک حاوی غلظت­های مختلف گیاه ( 5/2، 5، 5/7 و 10درصد) به همراه نمونه شاهد مطابق با استاندارد تهیه کیک اسفنجی تولید گردید. سپس میزان ترکیبات فنولیک به­وسیله دستگاه HPLC مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که افزودن گیاه تا سطح 5/7 درصد از نظر مصرف­کننده قابل­پذیرش است و این نوع کیک به عنوان محصولی با میزان ترکیبات فنولیک بیشتر قابل توصیه می باشد. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: در نهایت می توان توصیه کرد که جهت افزایش خواص سلامتی کیک، می­توان از گیاه بادرنجبویه تا سطح 5/7 درصد استفاده کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - شناسایی ترکیبات شیمیایی میوه گونه Rhus coriaria L از همدان
حمیدرضا اردلانی مریم حسن پور مقدم امین هادی پناه فرنوش فتوت علی عزیزی جلال سلطانی -
Open Access Article
51 - اندازه گیری میزان اولئوروپین در کیک اسفنجی حاوی عصاره ی برگ زیتون
فریبا عطایی جواد کرامت محمد حجت الاسلامی مریم میرلوحیمقدمه و هدف: اولئوروپین ماده اصلی برگ زیتون است که اکثر خواص فارموکولوژیک برگ زیتون مربوط به آن می باشد. هدف اصلی در این پژوهش بررسی امکان به کارگیری برگ زیتون در صنایع غذایی (صنعت کیک) و به دنبال آن استفاده از خواص دارویی آن است. روش تحقیق: در تحقیق حاضر عصاره اتانولی Moreمقدمه و هدف: اولئوروپین ماده اصلی برگ زیتون است که اکثر خواص فارموکولوژیک برگ زیتون مربوط به آن می باشد. هدف اصلی در این پژوهش بررسی امکان به کارگیری برگ زیتون در صنایع غذایی (صنعت کیک) و به دنبال آن استفاده از خواص دارویی آن است. روش تحقیق: در تحقیق حاضر عصاره اتانولی برگ زیتون در سطوح 0، 1/0، 2/0، 3/0، 4/0 گرم (نسبت به 50 گرم آرد) به خمیر کیک اسفنجی افزوده شد و میزان اولئوروپین آن به وسیله دستگاه HPLC اندازه گیری شد، هم­چنین آزمون حسی هدونیک پنج نقطه ای با حضور بیست پنلیست انجام گرفت و صفاتی مانند طعم، پس طعم، بافت، رنگ، بو و پذیرش کلی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت نتایج و بحث: طبق آزمون حسی انجام شده ، نمونه حاوی 1/0 گرم عصاره، از نظر فاکتورهای طعم و پس طعم تفاوت معنی داری با نمونه شاهد نداشت؛ علاوه بر آن در مورد فاکتور بافت، نمونه های حاوی 1/0 و 2/0 گرم عصاره از نظر مصرف کننده تفاوت معنی داری با نمونه شاهد نداشتند. به طور کلی تنها سطح 1/0 گرم عصاره (به ازای 50 گرم کیک) از نظر مصرف کننده قابل پذیرش بود که در آن 003/0 گرم اولئوروپین موجود بود. هم­چنین از نظر میزان چربی، پروتئین و خاکستر اختلاف معنی داری بین تیمارها مشاهده نشد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: برگ زیتون حاوی اولئوروپین به عنوان منبع غنی از مواد فنولیک با خواص دارویی فراوان می­تواند در صنایع غذایی به خصوص کیک استفاده شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Morpho-phytochemical attributes of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench exposed to salicylic acid and citric acid
Seied Mehdi Miri Leila Badri Pezhman Moradi -
Open Access Article
53 - Determination of trace amount of Atrazine in aqueous samples by in situ solvent formation microextraction method using green solvents (ionic liquids) and high performance liquid chromatography
Mehdi Hosseini Mahdieh Chegeni vahid azizkhaniA rapid, precise and sensitive method derivate from homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction method namely in situ solvent formation microextraction using ionic liquids as green solvent and extractant phase to the analysis of trace amount of Atrazine in real water samp MoreA rapid, precise and sensitive method derivate from homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction method namely in situ solvent formation microextraction using ionic liquids as green solvent and extractant phase to the analysis of trace amount of Atrazine in real water samples has been used. Here, the extractant phase, is a solvent from ionic liquids family namely 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [Emim][Cl] that is miscible in water and after interaction with analyte and adding of counter ion of Hexafluorophosphate [PF6-], convert to the immiscible ionic liquid of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [Emim][PF6]. Initially and during extraction of analyte from aqueous phase, because to absence any common boundary between aqueous and organic phase, the extraction efficiency will be maximum. After extraction process, to separation of two phases apart and determination amount of extracted analyte, due to formation of immiscible ionic liquid in water, separation of phases it become possible. Effect of different analytical parameters on extraction efficiency such as sample solution pH containing analyte, ionic liquid amount, extraction time and counter ion amount were evaluated and optimum amount were determined. Characteristics of the method such as limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), relative standard deviation (RSD) and linear dynamic range (LDR) were 1.78 µgL-1, 6.1 µgL-1, 12.3 ppt and 5-1500 µgL-1, respectively. The method was used successfully to extraction and determination of Atrazine in several real water samples. Determination of Atrazine amount was carried out by sensitive high performance liquid chromatography. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Synthesis of mesoporous silica microspheres and its application for reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography
کورش تبار حیدر زینب دین محمدپور مریم افشارپورSilica is the most used support for high-performance liquid chromatography columns. Mesoporous silica has attracted much attention due to its properties. Columns with spherical shaped mesoporous silica particles are superior for chromatographic applications because they MoreSilica is the most used support for high-performance liquid chromatography columns. Mesoporous silica has attracted much attention due to its properties. Columns with spherical shaped mesoporous silica particles are superior for chromatographic applications because they provide higher efficiency and lower back-pressure compared to irregular particles. In this work, mesoporous silica microspheres were prepared via a two-step synthesis process by using tetraethyl orthosilicate, amphiphilic triblock copolymer, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and ethanol. To obtain mesoporous silica spheres with mean particle size about 5.5 μm )obtained by scanning electron microscopy), specific surface area about 670 m2/g and pore diameter about 7 nm )obtained by N2 adsorption-desorption), parameters of synthesis were optimized. After surface functionalization with C18 )about 21% C, obtained by elemental analysis), they were slurry packed into a column )25 cm × 4.0 mm i.d.) and used for separation of alkylbenzenes containing 1-5 carbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and pyridine derivatives mixtures. Phenol and pyridine mixture were used for investigation of active silanols. The synthesized C18-modified mesoporous silica microspheres showed good, repeatable and stable results for separation of above compounds. Among them, the highest efficiency of the column is for benzene with 1484 theoretical plates. Resolutions of copmounds are between 1 and 4. According to tailing factors, peaks are almost symmetric, except pyridine derivatives that show a little tailing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Synthesis of alanine methyl ester-calix[4]arene-appended silica particles as a chiral stationary phase for HPLC
صادق یعقوب نژاد کورش تبار حیدر سید حمید احمدی رضا زادمردHere we report the synthesis of a novel covalently immobilized calix[4]arne derivative as a chiral stationary phase )CSP( for HPLC. In the structure of CSP, the upper rim of calix[4]arne is substituted with two L-alanine units and the lower rim of calix[4]arene is linke MoreHere we report the synthesis of a novel covalently immobilized calix[4]arne derivative as a chiral stationary phase )CSP( for HPLC. In the structure of CSP, the upper rim of calix[4]arne is substituted with two L-alanine units and the lower rim of calix[4]arene is linked to the silica gel by thiol-ene click chemistry. Elemental analysis of the CSP showed 120 μmol of chiral selector bonded per gram of silica gel. 1-Hexene was used for end-capping of unreacted mercapto groups on silica gel. The CSP is chemically bonded to the silica and can be used in the normal-phase mode, reversed-phase mode, and with halogenated solvents mobile phases, if desired. The chromatographic performance of the CSP was evaluated with enantioseparation of the 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl )DNB) derivatives of some amino acids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Fabrication of choline oxidase enzyme-based nanobiosensor for the detection of diazinon and comparing its performance with the high performance liquid chromatography
اقدس بنائی ناهید پارسافر جلیل بدراقیOrganophosphorus compounds enter the environment naturally or after human use as pesticides or chemical fertilizers, and ultimately enter the food chain of organisms. Due to their undesirable effects, it is absolutely necessary to detect these toxins at very low concent MoreOrganophosphorus compounds enter the environment naturally or after human use as pesticides or chemical fertilizers, and ultimately enter the food chain of organisms. Due to their undesirable effects, it is absolutely necessary to detect these toxins at very low concentrations before they enter the life cycle. Biosensors are suitable tools for detecting these toxins. In this study, a mono-enzyme biosensor based on inhibiting the cholineoxidase enzyme with its immobilization on a modified electrode with carboxylate carbon nanotubes was fabricated and in the presence of 1mM enzyme substrate )choline chloride(, the minimum detection limit for diazinon was obtained (0.56 μM( and two linear ranges (1.5- 2.4 μM and 5.5-17.5 μM( was observed. The detection of low concentrations of diazinon by this biosensor and high performance liquid chromatography )HPLC( were compared. The result of the biosensor had 3.5% error relative to HPLC Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Histamine measurement in Sturgeon fish fillets by HPLC
N. Shahbazians L. Yadegarian R. MoogouieIn this study, the concentration of histamine in caviar fish fillet, due to enzyme activities, was studied. The histamine concentration in fresh and smoked Stellate sturgeon and frozen Beluga fish was investigated. Maximum limit for histamine in raw fish muscle and cook MoreIn this study, the concentration of histamine in caviar fish fillet, due to enzyme activities, was studied. The histamine concentration in fresh and smoked Stellate sturgeon and frozen Beluga fish was investigated. Maximum limit for histamine in raw fish muscle and cooked products such as canned fish, recommended by Codex are (200 µg/g) and (50 µg/g), respectively. Due to the higher levels of histamine in frozen Beluga fish fillet (157.7± 16.89 µg/g) relative to fresh (5.84±2.79 μg/g) and smoked (20.52±4.20 μg/g) Stellate sturgeon fish, in this study the frozen Beluga fish fillet was selected for further investigations. Analysis of histamine in the defrosted Beluga fish fillet was carried out using high performance liquid chromatography, just after thawing (0), 12 and 24 hours after storing in the refrigerator. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) was performed on the results using SPSS version 11 software, to evaluate the significance of storage period in the refrigerator, on the production of histamine. They were also compared with Codex recommended levels using t test. The results showed that the concentration of histamine differed in different types of caviar fish fillets. They also showed the significance of time in the production of histamine. However histamine levels were significantly lower than the codex recommended maximum limits in all analyzed samples, except for the samples kept in the refrigerator for 24 hours, which were close to the recommended limit and no significant difference was noticed between their level (228.1±19.73 µg/g) and the recommended limit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Determination of oxytetracycline residue in Cyprinus carpio of muscle and liver by HPLC method
T. Naji H. Hosseinzadeh M. Ghomi B. BahramiOxytetracycline (OTC) is the only form of tetracycline compounds which is approved by FDA to be used for prevention and treatment of aquatic animals’ diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of OTC residue in muscle and liver of Common carp (Cyp MoreOxytetracycline (OTC) is the only form of tetracycline compounds which is approved by FDA to be used for prevention and treatment of aquatic animals’ diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of OTC residue in muscle and liver of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using single dose method. 12 fishes were divided into 4 treatments and each treatment was divided into 3 replicates. Regarding the weight range of fishes ( 40-80 g ) and also the injectable OTC dosage rate of 25-50 mg/kg in accordance with aquatic animals pharmaceuticals ,0.04 ml of injectable solution of OTC was intramuscularly injected, then muscle and liver were sampled from fishes after 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Measurement of OTC residues was carried out by HPLC after solid phase extraction (SPE). The highest recorded concentrations in muscle and liver were observed in 6hr and 24hr after injection respectively (3.37μg/g and 17.37μg/g). The lowest concentrations in muscle and liver belonged to 72hr after injection (0.29μg/g and 9.52μg/g respectively). The results indicated that OTC concentrations descend in muscle from 6th to 72th hour. But in liver, because of OTC redistribution, drug concentration increases significantly after 24hr (P<0.05), then it decreases after 48 and 72hr. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Isolation and characterization of toxicogenic fungi strains from wheat and corn used in Kerman city
Omidreza Sarrafi Mohammad Faezi Ghasemi Arash Chaichi NosratiMycotoxins are the secondary metabolites produced by Penicillium, Fusarium, and Aspergillus species. These metabolites are mainly produced by Aspergillus species. This study was aimed to isolation and characterization of the toxicogenic fungi strains from mostly consume MoreMycotoxins are the secondary metabolites produced by Penicillium, Fusarium, and Aspergillus species. These metabolites are mainly produced by Aspergillus species. This study was aimed to isolation and characterization of the toxicogenic fungi strains from mostly consumed cereals (wheat, corn) used in Kerman city. This empirical basic study was carried out on 83 samples of wheat and corn collected from formal preservation units. Screening was conducted using sabouraud dextrose agar, sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol and PDA mediums. The isolated strains were identified according to morphologic characters. The presence of mycotoxins of pathogenic fungi was determined by HPLC. Overall, 37% of samples were infected with Aspergillus and A. flavus (14%) was the most frequent fungi. Also aflatoxins B1, B2 and G1 were isolated from Aspergillus using HPLC. Our results indicated the presence of toxigenic fungi on the mostly consumed cereals (wheat and corn). Therefore, a program must be planned to control the fungi on the cereals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Detoxification of aflatoxin b1 by Lactobacillus rhamnosus in a simulated model of the human digestive system
Mehran Sayadi Hossein TajikBackground & Objectives: According to the FAO annual report, 10 percent of the world's food products are contaminated with fungal toxins, among which aflatoxins have the most contribution as compared to others. This research was aimed to assess the ability of Lactob MoreBackground & Objectives: According to the FAO annual report, 10 percent of the world's food products are contaminated with fungal toxins, among which aflatoxins have the most contribution as compared to others. This research was aimed to assess the ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG in the reduction of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in a simulated human gastrointestinal tract containing sterilized milk. Materials & Methods: For this purpose, the bacterial count and aflatoxin concentration were adjusted to 1×1010 cfu/ml and 5 ppm, respectively, where artificial gastrointestinal tract discharges were inoculated in the simulated environment. In this study 6 treatment groups were assessed in the presence and absence of bacteria, sterilized milk, and gastrointestinal juice suspension. The concentration of residual aflatoxin was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and purification by Immunoaffinity column. Results: The reduction of aflatoxin B1 at all treatments was determined using HPLC with a detection limit of 0.25 mg/ml and a quantification limit of 0.75 mg/ml. The mycotoxin recovery rate was between 89% and 94% for AFB1. The aflatoxin B1 calibration curve with a correlation coefficient of 0.95 was linear in the concentration range of 1 to 10 ng/ml. The highest and lowest average removal percentage of aflatoxin B1 was observed for 5 and 1 treatments (58.8 ± 0.018 and 13.86 ± 0.017) respectively, where a significant difference in removal percentage was observed among six treatment groups. Conclusion: The results indicated that beside L. rhamnosus strain GG, gastric and small intestine juices are suitable to eliminate or reduce aflatoxin B1, as well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Evaluation of Contamination of Aspergillus flavus and Aflatoxin Production in Pistachio Cultivars and Investigation of a Chemical Controlling Method
L. Jalali G. Avagyan -
Open Access Article
62 - Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of ampicillin and penicillin in human plasma using multivariate calibration
Ali Niazi Elham Janforozadeh Tahereh Momeni-Isfahani Neda Khorshidi -
Open Access Article
63 - Review High-performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of drugs containing multiple chiral centers on chiral stationary phases
Jahanbaksh Ghasemi Mahmood Chamsaz Saeid Asadpour Ali Sarafraz Yazdi -
Open Access Article
64 - Evaluation of Cichoric Acid of Echinacea purpurea Extract under Different Ecological Conditions in Semnan Province Iran
Elahe Rostami Bahareh Kashefi Nahid Masoudian -
Open Access Article
65 - Effect of Bread Making Process on Aflatoxin Level Changes
Jafar Milani Seyed Saman Seyed Nazari Elmira Bamyar Gisou Maleki -
Open Access Article
66 - Survey of Mycotoxins in Wheat from Iran by HPLC Using Immunoaffinity Column Cleanup
Javad Feizy Hamed Reza Beheshti Zeynab Eftekhari Mahnaz Zhiany -
Open Access Article
67 - Evaluation of Tetracycline Antibiotic Residue in Honey Samples using ELISA and HPLC
Anahita Hoseinpour Peyman Ghajarbygi Razzagh Mahmoudi Reza Norian Saeed Shahsavari
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024