• List of Articles Alborz

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Identification of Obstacles Caused by Organizational Silence in Policies for Paying Medical Expenses in Social Security Organization of Alborz Province
        Sedighe Tootian Esfehani بهاره جودی نژاد
        Background:  Organizational silence is a phenomenon in which employees of the organization for various reasons refuse to comment. Managers ought to resolve the main obstacles which result in organizational silence. Disregarding this issue can lead to stagnation and More
        Background:  Organizational silence is a phenomenon in which employees of the organization for various reasons refuse to comment. Managers ought to resolve the main obstacles which result in organizational silence. Disregarding this issue can lead to stagnation and even death of the organization. Purpose: Identification of obstacles caused by organizational silence in policies for paying medical expenses. Methodology:  The research methodology with respect to its purpose is applied research, and in terms of data collection, the study is exploratory data collection. Data collection method consists of literature review and field study in which the paired questionnaire tool was utilized.  The statistical population of this research consists of all personnel of the Social Security Organization of Alborz Province, which were selected via random sampling to 137 individuals according to Morgan table. Results: Individual barriers with a coefficient weight of 0.418 is ranked first in obstacles caused by organizational silence. Organizational barriers with weight coefficient of 0.330 ranked the second. Socio-cultural barriers with a coefficient of 0.174 were ranked the third. Lastly, management barriers with a weight coefficient of 0.078 ranked fourth with respect to policies for paying medical expenses in the social security organization of Alborz province. Conclusion:In the organizational environment where silence has turned into a norm, staff dissatisfaction is amplified. Conversely, organizations that have the ability to hear the truth are identified as a good and successful organization. Manuscript profile
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        2 - Examination and analysis of urban distribution and Spatial organization of Qazvin Province
        رمضانعلی Shoormig منصور Badrifar
        In this research it will be tried to assign the relationship between the decisionmaking system , and social, economic policies with the existing structure and spatialorganization.We also want to know what the effect of building Alborz Industrial city –as aleader o More
        In this research it will be tried to assign the relationship between the decisionmaking system , and social, economic policies with the existing structure and spatialorganization.We also want to know what the effect of building Alborz Industrial city –as aleader of growth pole-will be on the urban distribution and spatial organization gettingof Qazvin Province, Selecting the city of Qazvin with Alborz Industrial city sa ine ofthe active industrial poles of the country has caused an imbalance from the structuraland physical aspect of the province; and special effort has been made in this researchto examine the existing imbalance in the province along the time, while using currentpatterns and models in district planning.At last some solutions-suitable to economic , social and ecological conditions ofQazvin province- to modify and decrease this imbalance are offered.It has been clarified that the spatial organization getting of Qazvin Province divided into three eras. 1)The superiority of traditional economical system 2)conversion oftraditional in to modern one 3)The estabh3 hment era.In this research it will be tried to examine the spatial organization getting ofaazvin province along the time through Fredman's model and rmperfect balance of thespatial –rgoruzation getting of Qazvin province through Fredman's model has beenproved.The analysis of spatial organization getting in the district level has been dealt withusing the follpwing concepts:Anthropy models , contrality criteria, hierarchy and penetrating area, place andfeature coefficient , etc.In this research poularization of Qazvin in the urban hierarchical system of area ,imbalance in urban pyramid of the city , shortages of towns and medium sized cities inurban system and --- spatial organization getting has been agreedon,Moreouer , foundation of grouth pole of Alborz Industrial zone as the total reasonfor modification in spatial organization getting in establishment era has been proved. Manuscript profile
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        3 - Evidences of Pleistocene glacial geomorphology in the northern slope of Khashchal mountain (western Alborz)
        Jalilaldin Sorour Nima Farid Mojtahedi
        Identification and study of geomorphological heritage an important role to representthe trend of last climate chamges in a region. In this research using, topograph,geology maps and field evidences of glacial geomorphology in khashchal mountainnorthern slope is detected More
        Identification and study of geomorphological heritage an important role to representthe trend of last climate chamges in a region. In this research using, topograph,geology maps and field evidences of glacial geomorphology in khashchal mountainnorthern slope is detected. Detecd evidence are Glacial erasionablation landform like,glacial cirques, glacial valley and Glacial deposits Include glacial moraine. Resultshow during Pleistocene period, climate in northern slope of khashchal mountain hadlower temperature and probably with more precipitation in compare to recent climate.Erasion and morphogenes glacial processes have been active. While nowdaysevidence showing because of high evelation and precipitation and temperaturesituation in region, subglacial morphogenes process (freezing and melting)dominate inthe region. Manuscript profile
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        4 - An Analysis of the Role of Good Governance in the Quality of Life of Citizens(Case Study: Residents of Mehrshahr Alborz)
        pegah Aghayari morad kordi
        10.30495/ums.2023.21768
        Introduction and purpose:  The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of governance on the quality of residents’ life in smart cities by presenting and evaluating a conceptual model and the case of study is the residents of Shahrdari zone, Mehrsha More
        Introduction and purpose:  The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of governance on the quality of residents’ life in smart cities by presenting and evaluating a conceptual model and the case of study is the residents of Shahrdari zone, Mehrshahr, Alborz province. Methods: It is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive research in terms of nature. Analyzing the data has been done using the structural equations of the statistical population consisting of the residents of Shahrdari zone, Mehshahr, Karaj. The data was collected through a questionnaire - 384 questionnaires were distributed- of which 358 were accepted. It contained 6 variables and 24 items. its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha and also its validity was confirmed using content validity. The data collection method was also through field and library research. Results: The results show that the variables of responsibility and accountability (0.82), cooperation (0.61), communication (0.60), participation (0.55) and transparency respectively affect the quality of life. Conclusion: The results show that the path coefficient is significant with the quality of life among all other variables. In other words, all indicators affect the quality of life, and other indicators can be called transparency, cooperation, participation, responsibility and accountability, and communication.     Manuscript profile
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        5 - Study the frequency of Theileria, Babesia and Annapalsma infections from cattle in Alborz province using microscopic examination and PCR
        Mohammad Abdoli , L Abdolmohammadi Khiav
        Anaplasmosis, babesiosis and theileriosis is parasitic diseases that can cause significant damage to the livestock industry. Despite the importance of the pathogenicity of theileriosis, babesiosis and anaplasmosis in large animal populations, in Iran, studies have been More
        Anaplasmosis, babesiosis and theileriosis is parasitic diseases that can cause significant damage to the livestock industry. Despite the importance of the pathogenicity of theileriosis, babesiosis and anaplasmosis in large animal populations, in Iran, studies have been performed mainly on small ruminants. So, the aim of this study was to the diagnosis of the frequency of Theileria, Babesia and Annapalsma infections from cattle in Alborz province using microscopic examination and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). For this purpose, out of 130 dairy cattle were taken blood samples and stained with Giemsa dye. Positive smear samples were incorporated for molecular detection. DNA was extracted from blood samples with phenol-chloroform and performed PCR using 18S rRNA, 16S rRNA and TamS primers to identify of the genus and species. The results of this study showed that frequency of piroplasmic form was observed in 9.23% of cases. The 18S rRNA PCR findings revealed 5.38%, were confirmed infection with Theileria and Babesia. Also, Tams1 PCR results were indicated Theileria anulata infection in all cases. 16S rRNA PCR was detected in 3.85% for Anaplasma. No case of Babesia was observed. Considering the cases of infection with T. anulata and Babesia and the importance of some species of Babesia, the importance of further studies to evaluate these diseases in order to improve the livestock industry seems necessary. Manuscript profile
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        6 - Identify training needs of librarians in public libraries of Alborz province
        Fatemeh Naderi Fatemeh Nooshinfard Ahmad Shahbeigh
        Purpose: This study aimed to identify the training needs of public libraries Alborz Province implemented. Methodology:This study applied a survey analysis. The study population consisted of librarians working in public libraries Alborz Province have formed a number of 1 More
        Purpose: This study aimed to identify the training needs of public libraries Alborz Province implemented. Methodology:This study applied a survey analysis. The study population consisted of librarians working in public libraries Alborz Province have formed a number of 107 people. The sample was determined using a sample of 84 patients who were randomly selected. The data collection tool was questionnaire and its reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient 917/0. Data analysis using descriptive, analytical and test a sample mean comparisons were performed using SPSS software. Findings: Most participants in the courses of basic and advanced courses ICDL and storytelling techniques and libraries and the role of training in enhancing the skills of collecting, organizing, and providing services and information technology Reference is high. The presence better educational classes, educational classes time in hours and university teacher training courses and the skills and training required in the future to become familiar with libraries intelligent systems, introduction to Internet information resources familiarity with the principles of professional ethics the libraries. Conclusion: About half of the employees have a history of twenty years, yet have the opportunity to upgrade and knowledge accumulation. Leda is essential for better planning in order to update library activities, according to the skills and interests of participants in the program, designed and implemented. Manuscript profile
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        7 - Providing a Spatial Model for the Development of Industrial Groups (Case Study: Alborz Province)
        Dariush Jaras Seyed Mahmoud Shariat Seyed Masoud Monavari Alireza Gharagozlou
        10.30495/jest.2023.46479.4778
        Background & Objectives: Locating to develop infrastructures and sensitive applications is one of the preconditions for achieving sustainable development. In this study, using a multi-criteria decision making model and the capabilities of the GIS, a spatial model is More
        Background & Objectives: Locating to develop infrastructures and sensitive applications is one of the preconditions for achieving sustainable development. In this study, using a multi-criteria decision making model and the capabilities of the GIS, a spatial model is developed for the development of various industrial groups in the province of Alborz.Material and Methodology: In this study, the criteria and indicators affecting the development of industries identified by reviewing the references and expert opinions. Then, using the fuzzy hierarchical analysis, the weight of each of the criteria and indicators was determined using the weight the obtained data are based on a linear relationship between the map of areas susceptible to industrial development in the region. In order to the fuzzy hierarchy TOPSIS method used to identify the areas for the development of each the industrial groups.Findings: The results of this study show that among the three groups of environmental, economic and social criteria, environmental criteria have the highest weight in relation to industrial development. Also, the results showed that the highest potential in relation to the development of industrial groups in the Alborz province is related to food and agriculture industries.Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, using efficient fuzzy decision-making models to address the defects of other decision-making methods. Analysis of the results shows that in many parts of the province of Alborz, there is no development of industries. The most limitation for development of industries in Alborz province is related to environmental criteria and indicators. Manuscript profile
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        8 - Prediction of remained pyrite fraction within a coal waste pile with using of multivariate regression method
        Behshad Jodeiri Shokri Faramarz Doulati Ardejani Sadegh Karimpouli
        Background and Objective: Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most environmental problems which is caused by mining activities. It may be generated from oxidation of sulfide minerals (specifically pyrite) in mining wastes, ore and mineral processing. As a result, pre More
        Background and Objective: Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the most environmental problems which is caused by mining activities. It may be generated from oxidation of sulfide minerals (specifically pyrite) in mining wastes, ore and mineral processing. As a result, prediction and measurement of pyrite can play a key role in investigation of AMD process. In this paper, a relationship based on multivariate regression is suggested for predicting of remained pyrite fraction within a coal waste pile located nearby Alborz- Sharghi coal washing plant. Method: For this purpose, the model uses the most important factors (independent variables) including depth, mole fraction of oxygen, local temperature and cumulative annual precipitation (from the initial deposition of the wastes within the pile) as input parameters and returns the remaining pyrite fraction (dependent variable) in the related depth of the pile as its output. Findings: The results of the laboratory experiments reveal that the fraction of pyrite remaining gradually increased at the lower depth where the oxygen diffuses from the surface to 2 m of the pile. A comprehensive statistical analysis was conducted after obtaining and collecting of the required data which caused all the possible relationships among the target and independent variables to be suggested and presented. Then, the best model (relationship) according to Efroymson’s the step wise regression method was presented to predict of the remained pyrite fraction within the pile. Discussion and discussions: The relatively high confidence level of the suggested model (87%) reveals its appropriate reliability. A strong correlation (R2=90%) between validation data and suggested model also confirms the desirable reliability of the model. The proposed model is recommended to be applied in similar coal waste piles and will economize time and cost in investigation of AMD process on the environmental management issue of mining wastes.   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        9 - Zaal, A Warlock or A Savant
        Iraj Mehraki Sadaf Rezaeeyan
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        10 - Treptichnus pedum, a paleontological Geosite, in at central alborz, Iran
        Roya Tashayoei
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        11 - Surveying of the past, present, and future of vegetation changes in the central Alborz ranges in relation to climate change
        Diana Askarizadeh Hosein Arzani Mohammad Jafary Javad Bazrafshan Iain colin Prentice
        Acceleration of climate trend change is caused by the swift shift of rangeland conditions that using modern methods of evaluation to them are counted to sustainable management of the rangelands. In order for an investigation of trend change of rangeland vegetation due t More
        Acceleration of climate trend change is caused by the swift shift of rangeland conditions that using modern methods of evaluation to them are counted to sustainable management of the rangelands. In order for an investigation of trend change of rangeland vegetation due to climate change, central Alborz rangelands were selected. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the period of 30-year (1987-2016) was extracted by Landsat satellite, TM, ETM+, and OLI series. Drought periods were determined using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The Markov Chain model was used to anticipate the future changes of rangeland vegetation. The results showed that the vegetation cover index’s changes have risen and fallen for three decades in which, despite of increasing for some years 1986 (0.86), 2002 (0.87), 2005 (0.87), and 2015 (0.86); the changes trend was decreasingly for 1995 (0.53), 1998 (0.65), 2000 (0.62), and 2008 (0.61) years, especially for fair to very poor classes. The highest correlation (91.5%) between the SPI and NDVI was shown that severe to moderate drought has taken place along with decreased vegetation periods. Moreover, the Markov Chain model has anticipated a forcible declined change of vegetation cover for 2031 and 2046 periods. Therefore, range management approaches have to prepare itself in order to the gradual increase of temperature, which has destructive effects on vegetation cover, via regulating of grazing capacity and replacing of highly performance livestock in the future. Manuscript profile
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        12 - Estimation of vegetation cover percentage and biomass using remote sensing indices (Case study: protected areas of Southern Alborz, Karaj)
        Chooghi Bairam Komaki Reza Asadikia Hamid Niknahad Gharmakhar
        Vegetation is one of the criteria indicating the production potential of the land. So that the quality and quantity of vegetation in each region is a criterion for determining its production potential. In this research, vegetation indices of Landsat 8 digital data were More
        Vegetation is one of the criteria indicating the production potential of the land. So that the quality and quantity of vegetation in each region is a criterion for determining its production potential. In this research, vegetation indices of Landsat 8 digital data were used to estimate vegetation cover and biomass in the protected area of the central Alborz in June 2016. To study the correlation between vegetation cover and biomass with satellite data, 27 samples were obtained randomly in the region. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship between cover percentage and biomass values with remotely sensed vegetation indices. The results showed that among selected vegetation indexes,  Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and Visible atmospherically resistant index (VAR) had the highest correlation coefficient with vegetation percentage 0.53 and 0.52, respectively. Therefore, these vegetation indices are appropriate for estimating vegetation cover at a 5% significance level. And in calibration, the correlation coefficient for the wet weight of vegetation and the indices of Global environment monitoring index (GEMI), Simple ratio (VR) and Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) were 0.43, 0.41 and 0.41, respectively even though their estimations were unsuccessful in the validation stage. According to the results of this research, it is recommended that the indicators for the estimation of the quality and quantity of vegetation should be used in which the atmosphere and soil impacts are considered. Manuscript profile
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        13 - Phlebotomine sand flies fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae), in Alborz province, Iran
        Tahereh Nouroozikouh Nasser Hoghooghi rad Shahrokh Navidpour Saloomeh Shirali Kasra Esmailnia
        Sand flies of the Phlebotomine family are the main vectors of leishmaniasis (salak) and some other diseases all around the world. Salak is endemic disease in many parts of Iran. Due to the fact that in recent years, we have witnessed the occurrence of salak in Alborz pr More
        Sand flies of the Phlebotomine family are the main vectors of leishmaniasis (salak) and some other diseases all around the world. Salak is endemic disease in many parts of Iran. Due to the fact that in recent years, we have witnessed the occurrence of salak in Alborz province, and since providing an effective control strategy for vector- borne diseases, requires identification of the fauna of their vectors, the present study was carried out with the aims of identifying the fauna of these sand flies in Alborz province. Sand flies were collected biweekly during the months of August, September and October 2021, from designated areas, using sticky traps. In this study, 1157 sand flies were collected and identified. The number of sand flies caught from indoor and outdoor places was respectively 31.72% and  68.28%. Overall, Six of which were of genus Phlebotomus (Raynal, 1937), including P. papatasi (Scopoli, 1786), 695(60.07%), P. kandelakii (Shchurenkova, 1926), 13(1.12%), P. sergenti (Parrot, 1917), 232(20.05%), P. major (Annandale, 1910), 14(1.21%), P. caucasicus (Marzinowsky,1917), 4(0.35%), P. alexandri (Alexandri Sinton, 1920), 18(1.56%), and four were of the genus Sergentomyia  (Artemiev, 1978), including S. tiberiadis (Adler, Theodor & Lourie, 1930), 109(9.42%), S. baghdadis (Adler & Theodor, 1929), 53(4.58%), S.sintoni (Sintoni Pringle, 1933), 14(1.21%), S. clydei (Sinton, 1928), 5(0.43%).  This study has shown that, P. papatasi (Scopoli, 1786) and P. sergenti (Parrot, 1917) are the most abundant species, and it seems these could be the potential vectors for cutaneous leishmaniasis in the region. Understanding fauna and ecological aspects of sand flies can help to control of disease. Manuscript profile
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        14 - Tectonic geomorphology assessment of neotectonics in the north of Damghan region, Alborz mountain belt, Northern Iran
        Mersana Keshavarz Farzin Ghaemi Ali Faghih Mostafa Ghanadian
        10.30495/ijes.2021.685388
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        15 - Geochemistry and diagenetic evidence of middle-late Permian deposits, Northern Iran
        Alireza Chegini Iraj Maghfouri Moghaddam Mohamahosein Adabi Masoud Lotfpour
        10.30495/ijes.2021.1931062.1610
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        16 - Application of mineral chemistry in determining magma fertility of the Tarom northern and southern intrusions, NW Iran
        Narges Yasami مجید قادری Seyed Hedayatalah Mousavi Motlagh Mir Ali Asghar Mokhtari
        10.30495/ijes.2021.685392
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        17 - First report of the SardinellaSardinites (Heckel, 1850) in the Kond formation in the Saran area, Central Alborz in Iran
        Saeedeh Senemari Leila Fazli Alireza Chegini
        10.30495/ijes.2023.1953023.1726
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        18 - Evaluation of the Effects of Human Hazards on the Instability of Natural Resources and the Rural Environment in the Central Part of Alborz, Qazvin Province
        Vahid Bigdeli Rad Shahram Maleki
        10.30495/sarj.2022.1964921.1083
        The instability of natural and environmental resources in rural areas in the occurrence of factors such as the destruction of non-renewable natural resources such as water and fossil fuels, the destruction of the environment and the destruction of animal and plant speci More
        The instability of natural and environmental resources in rural areas in the occurrence of factors such as the destruction of non-renewable natural resources such as water and fossil fuels, the destruction of the environment and the destruction of animal and plant species, the collapse of the regional ecosystem and ecology, migration and its consequences on society, have a great impact It will have a critical and vital effect on this area. One of the ways to deal with these problems is to identify and understand the existing conditions of the natural and environmental resources governing the villages by using criteria to evaluate the impact of human hazards on the instability of natural and environmental resources. In the present research, first, the criteria for measuring human risks in the instability of natural and environmental resources in rural areas were identified, and then, in the analytical stage, these criteria were evaluated and ranked using the hierarchical analysis method. In this evaluation of water wastage, unauthorized wells and excessive livestock grazing had the greatest impact on the instability of natural resources. In the following, it was found that Lea industrial town, Piryousfian village and Meshaldar village had the greatest impact and Kisht and Sanat Company and Minodar Company had the least impact on the instability of natural and environmental resources caused by human hazards in the central part of Alborz city Manuscript profile
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        19 - The relationship between teachers' organizational innovation and job performance and job satisfaction
        maryam azar nioushan maryam mashayekh Fatemeh mohammadi shir mahaleh
        Background: now a day innovation is as a basic challenging for remaining organization and make it succeed because of employees’ job function and job satisfaction direct organization, individual’s job function is very important for surviving organization and More
        Background: now a day innovation is as a basic challenging for remaining organization and make it succeed because of employees’ job function and job satisfaction direct organization, individual’s job function is very important for surviving organization and job satisfaction is necessary for productivity , so They are a main goal for each organization and each of them should be provide a possible situation for each employee till they become satisfied ,one of the important organization is school which maturing new generation and the most function of it related to theachers ,thus the educational authorities should be recognize the factors that improve teachers’ job function and job satisfaction.Objective : The main purpose of this study, the relationship between organizational innovation and teachers’ job performance and job satisfaction in primary schools is Alborz Province,Method: the applied research and descriptive. In order to collect information, a questionnaire that its validity was evaluated using two criteria CVR and CVI It was to help construct validity and reliability, among the sample of 200 teachers of elementary schools Alborz Province was distributed The data collected with the help of SPSS and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient, Durbin Watson, Fisher and regression analysis were used .Result The results showed that innovation has a significant impact on job satisfaction. The studies also showed that organizational innovation on job performance is also effective. Conclusion:Thus, according to this study, it is suggested that in order to promote job satisfaction and job performance among teachers, administrators and organizational innovation and organizational innovation is more important to be considered one of the main activities in schools. Manuscript profile
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        20 - Plant megafossil systematic studies from Shemshak Formation of Abyek area, Gazvin
        معصومه Sohrabi-Molayosefi افسانه Hoseini
        The main formations with coal resources are Shemshak and Hojedk in Iran. They have special plantmega fossils that show Rrhetian- Liassic geological age for Shemshak formation. Studied region islocated in the north of Abyek area. Shemshak formation with high development More
        The main formations with coal resources are Shemshak and Hojedk in Iran. They have special plantmega fossils that show Rrhetian- Liassic geological age for Shemshak formation. Studied region islocated in the north of Abyek area. Shemshak formation with high development outcrops is formed ofsandstone, siltstone, shale and claystone. Abyek coal resources lie in central Alborz. Biostrtigraphicalcharacteristics of studied region belong to different ages. Outcrop of Precambrian formations torecent is available. The oldest formation is Kahar that lied down of Soltaniye formation.Paleoclimatologic investigations determined warm and humid ecology and semitropical environmentfor Shemshak formation. Most remaining of past plants are their leaves and main association contains9 genuses and 1 species that follows:Zamites sp., Otozamites sp., Anomozamites sp., Nilssoniopteris sp. Ctenis sp., Cycadites sp.,Nilssonia sp., Dictyophyllum sp., Cladophlebis sp., Pterophyllum bavieni. Manuscript profile
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        21 - Hazard zonation of slope instability along Kan-Souleghan route by the use of Fuzzy method
        Sahar Hasani Ali Uromiea Zhara Maleki
        Slope instability is regarded as a worldwide problem that has direct effect on human life and the environment. The human intervention in nature by building structures and disrupting natural causes increase in the number of landslide event. Landslide hazard zonation mapp More
        Slope instability is regarded as a worldwide problem that has direct effect on human life and the environment. The human intervention in nature by building structures and disrupting natural causes increase in the number of landslide event. Landslide hazard zonation mapping is considered to be one of the most reliable methods for evaluating the potential of landslide event along road. These maps can provide in the way of useful information in relation to the identification of high risk areas offer and accordingly, stabilization methods proposed to prevent such risks. In this study, maps of hazard zone landsliding were produced, by using fuzzy logic in ArcGIS and IDRISI along Kan–Suleghan road. Then, in order to assess the accuracy and efficiency of different operators, for creating better results, the fuzzy method was used. Based on studies, revealed the effects of tectonic factors such as faults is most effective parameter. In zoning maps, risk of landslide with fuzzyoverlayOR, the scope of present landslides in the region compared to the area with possibility of landslide occurance in the maps have been showed the good matching. So, in the paper, area it is suggested to prevent construction projects in area with high probability of landslides. Manuscript profile
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        22 - Study of Germanium Content in Sangrood and Central Alborzʼs Coal and Feasibility Its Permutation
        Gholamhossein Nourmohamadi Somayeh Shayanfar Gholamreza Karimi
        Nowday(Today), Extraction and production rarely elements in the world, in to accounted in technologies that isvery important in mining and mineral processing. Germanium is member of elements, because of its rarely,many usage as semiconductor and electronic industrials, More
        Nowday(Today), Extraction and production rarely elements in the world, in to accounted in technologies that isvery important in mining and mineral processing. Germanium is member of elements, because of its rarely,many usage as semiconductor and electronic industrials, more and more utilized and extracted in removableresources. In this paper, will studied content of Germanium in one of important sources, that is coal and fly ashin two coal ʼs mine in north of Iran, located in shemshak, namely central Alborz and Sangrood. After analysis‌and study considered sample by Inductively Coupled Plasma/Optical Emission (ICP-OE) machine IranianGeology Organization, studied possible producing and extraction Germanium in present resources that itʼsextraction will not recommended in Technology and Economical status. Manuscript profile
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        23 - A stratigraphical correlation and the deposit environmental changes of the Ruteh formation in Alborz
        Masoomeh Elyasi Rad Jafar Ghomi Oveyli
        In order to study the stratigraphical correlation and environmental changes of the Ruteh Formation deposits inthe Alborz Region, four stratigraphical sections in the central Alborz Region (South of Nowshahr, Chalus, andAmol) and Eastern Alborz (Ghoznavi) were studied. L More
        In order to study the stratigraphical correlation and environmental changes of the Ruteh Formation deposits inthe Alborz Region, four stratigraphical sections in the central Alborz Region (South of Nowshahr, Chalus, andAmol) and Eastern Alborz (Ghoznavi) were studied. Lithology of the Ruteh Formation in the Alborz Region arealmost limestone rock and the deposits of the Formation are specified by detrital facies and carbonated facies(limestone and dolomite). The deposits have a great thickness and their thickness is variable in different sections.Therefore the Ruteh Formation thickness in Manjir section (South of Nowshahr) is 493m, and 200m in the North– West Harijan section, 480m in Amol section and the thickness reaches 115m in Ghoznavi (Eastern Alborz)section. Ruteh Formation in these sections was determined at Artinskian- Murghabian age based on the fossilsextracted. Based on the field study, and thin sections, four facies including Tidal flat, Lagoon, Braaier and Openmarine were identified. Manuscript profile
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        24 - A Path Analysis of Factors Influencing the Development of Entrepreneurship Skills and Innovation in Rural Cooperatives of Alborz Province
        azita zand Masoumeh Arfaee
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        25 - Identification of plant parasitic nematodes of Aphelenchoididae superfamily related to fruit trees in some areas of Alborz province
        farshad Amiri mojdeh Mleki ramezan Asghari
        In order to identify the plant parasitic nematodes, some soil and root tissues of plants samples were collected from different crops in of Eshtehard and Nazarabad, Alborz province, through 2017-8. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, soil and root washing o More
        In order to identify the plant parasitic nematodes, some soil and root tissues of plants samples were collected from different crops in of Eshtehard and Nazarabad, Alborz province, through 2017-8. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, soil and root washing operations, nematode extraction, transferring and fixing in pure glycerin were performed. Permanent microscopic slides and incisions were made from different parts of the body of some species. After microscopic observations, the necessary measurements and drawing of the required images, the extracted species were identified using different keys. During the survey and morphological studies, six nematode species of three genera were identified as follows: Aphelenchus avenae, Paraphelenchus myceliophthorus, Aphelenchoides centralis, Aphelenchoides fuchsi, Aphelenchoides parabicaudatus, Aphelenchoides varicaudatus Among the identified nematodes, the species Aphelenchoides fuchsi is reported for the first time in Alborz province and for the second time in the world. Aphelenchoides varicaudatus is also reported for the second time in Iran. Manuscript profile
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        26 - Identification of some plant parasitic nematodes of Tylenchidae and Paratylenchidae families related to fruit trees in some areas of Alborz province
        farshad Amiri ramezan Asghari
        In order to identify the plant parasitic nematodes in Alborz Province, some soil and root tissues of plants samples were collected from different crops in of Mehrshahr, Nazarabad, Taleghan, Hashtgerd and Karaj through 2017-8. After transferring the samples to the labora More
        In order to identify the plant parasitic nematodes in Alborz Province, some soil and root tissues of plants samples were collected from different crops in of Mehrshahr, Nazarabad, Taleghan, Hashtgerd and Karaj through 2017-8. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, soil and root washing operations, nematode extraction, transferring and fixing in pure glycerin were performed. Permanent microscopic slides and incisions were made from different parts of the body of some species. After microscopic observations, the necessary measurements and drawing of the required images, the extracted species were identified using different keys. During the survey and morphological studies, eight nematode species belonging to four genera were identified as follows: Cephalenchus leptus, Filenchus afghanicus, Filenchus discrepans, Filenchus misellus, Filenchus thornei, Discotylenchus discertus, Paratylenchus Lepidus, Paratylenchus straeleni Among the identified nematodes, the species Discotylenchus discertus is reported for the first time in Alborz province and for the second time in Ian.   Manuscript profile
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        27 - Introduction of leaf beetles of tribe Clytrini(Col.: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephinae) In Alborz, Tehran and Qazvin Provinces, Iran
        Mostafa Mirzaei Jamshab Nozari
        A faunistic study of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) was done in Tehran, Alborz and Qazvin provinces of Iran, during 2012 to 2015. In this study, eight species belonging to four genera were identified, of which Clytra laeviuscula (Ratzeburg, 1837) is new record for Iranian More
        A faunistic study of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) was done in Tehran, Alborz and Qazvin provinces of Iran, during 2012 to 2015. In this study, eight species belonging to four genera were identified, of which Clytra laeviuscula (Ratzeburg, 1837) is new record for Iranian Clytrini. In addition, three species are new to Qazvine province, two species are new to Tehran province and one species is new to Alborz province.    Manuscript profile
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        28 - Preliminary Report on Archaeological Survey of Southern Side of Alborz Mountains at Abyek: First Season
        Farzad Mafi Reza Akhoundi
        The Quazvin plain along with the heights that overlook it is one of the important centers of foundation and development of human culture in Iranian Flat in different eras. The focus of archeological studies in recent decades on Quazvin plain and scientific archeological More
        The Quazvin plain along with the heights that overlook it is one of the important centers of foundation and development of human culture in Iranian Flat in different eras. The focus of archeological studies in recent decades on Quazvin plain and scientific archeological studies in heights overlooking the plain especially southern mountainsides has made the Alborz mountains inevitable for study. In this research¸ the results from a number of archeological findings and recent studies can get a view of the position of the area in prehistoric eras¸ past history and the history of Islam. For this purpose¸ three villages, i.e. , Ziaran Estern and Western mountain sides of Abyek city and the village of Eastern Eghbal locating at the territory governed by central part of Qazvin were studied. We studied 89 archeological sites and also a considerable number of mentioned and unmentioned works including stone tools, sculpture, metal tools and so on were identified and discovered we dealt with them in this research. The results from this research reveal that with regard to 7 sites related to the period of Paleolithic which had stone tools and traces that are the characteristics of middle and new Paleolithic. We can say that in the period of Paleolithic the heights of this area were of the important habitats of people in the North of Iranian Flat. Although the identification of traces and cultural materials of the period of chalcolithic (2 cases) and the bronze age (3 case) show the continuation of living of people in the mentioned era, the identification of a great number of sites of Iron age (21cases) and Parthian (38 cases) shows the witnesses of habitats and settlement of human communities (Regarding both the quality and quantity of witnesses) from the second half of the second millennium BC until the first half of millennium A.C Forwards movement regarding the vast number of sites and areas and cultural heritage of different Islamic periods (47 cases) in the course of Islamic periods that has moved ahead.  Manuscript profile
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        29 - Studying of Central Alborz's crustal velocity by using ANN method
        Tohid malekzadeh Dilmaghani
        Manuscript profile
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        30 - Identifying the boundaries of old Tabarstan based on its political and historical geography
        nahid pakzad mohamadreza sharifzade roknabadi davod Mahsa .khoie
        10.30495/hstr.2023.1988469.1860
        Due to its special geographical conditions and cultural background, Tabaristan is one of the most important historical regions, and identifying its geographical boundaries as the background of events and the origin of artistic and cultural elements specific to the regio More
        Due to its special geographical conditions and cultural background, Tabaristan is one of the most important historical regions, and identifying its geographical boundaries as the background of events and the origin of artistic and cultural elements specific to the region seems essential for cultural and social studies. If we consider historical geography as a set of political, ethnic and cultural geography of a historical region, the purpose of this research is to examine the historical geography of Tabarstan to identify its scope. The research method was descriptive and analytical in the framework of historical geography and collecting information using library sources. The result of the research shows that Tabaristan, as the home of the Tapuri clans, included many areas from the east to the west of the plain and the northern and southern slopes of Alborz, which, due to its special geographical location, was able to withstand the Aryan immigrants and the Arabs for a long time. With the spread of conflicts with the envoys of the Arab caliphs and the central governments of Iran, the confrontation of local governments and the reduction of their authority, Tabarstan was out of unity and had changes in its borders. The range of border changes is Tabaristan, Dillman in the west, Gorgan in the east and Qoms and Ray in the south. Tabari dialect, along with Tabari customs and traditions, is common beyond the borders of Mazandaran and extends the range of old Tabaristan to the southern foothills of Alborz. Manuscript profile
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        31 - The Generation of Earthquake PGA Using Stochastic Finite Fault Method in Alborz Region
        Ali Delnavaz Mohammad Ali Habibzadeh Ali Hajsayedtaghiya
        Manuscript profile
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        32 - Molecular study and nucleotide sequencing of Chlamydia abortus isolated from aborted sheep fetuses ewes of Alborz province
        amirreza ebadi mahmoud jamshidian farhad mousakhani
           Chlamydia is an obligate intracellular and gram negative coccobacilli and one of the most important causes of abortion in ruminants especially in ewes. This investigation was performed with the purpose of molecular study and sequencing of Chlamydia abortus More
           Chlamydia is an obligate intracellular and gram negative coccobacilli and one of the most important causes of abortion in ruminants especially in ewes. This investigation was performed with the purpose of molecular study and sequencing of Chlamydia abortus isolated from aborted sheep fetuses of Alborz Province. In this study, DNA extraction was performed on 100 samples from aborted fetuses of 32 sheep flocks from different areas of Alborz province. Then using specific primers of gene IGS-Sr- RNA, polymerase chain reaction was conducted and 10 samples were selected randomly from the positive cases were sent to Macrogene company in Korea for sequencing. In this study, 37 samples from a total of 100 aborted fetuses were positive for Chlamydia abortus. After sequencing, more than 99 percent of the positive samples were similar with sequences in gene bank. The sequencing results indicated that the samples were very similar to isolates LN554882/1, AF051935/1 and CR848038/1 of the gene bank and were in the same cluster. Also, this investigation indicated that Chlamydia abortus is one of the main reasons of ewe abortion in Alborz province. Manuscript profile
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        33 - Spatiotemporal Changes in Snow-Cover related to the Land Surface Temperature over Central Alborz
        امیرحسین حلبیان امیرحسین حلبیان سینا صلحی سینا صلحی
        The area, covered by snow or snow-cover variations, is one of the important factor in climatologic and hydrologic studies, that could be also useful and applicable in water management and environmental studies, specifically when it is combined with topographic character More
        The area, covered by snow or snow-cover variations, is one of the important factor in climatologic and hydrologic studies, that could be also useful and applicable in water management and environmental studies, specifically when it is combined with topographic characteristics. In this research Land Surface Temperature (LST) and snow-cover interactions were considered. These environmental indicators interactions, combined with focal topographic characteristics such as slope, play a major role in snow-cover persistency. As a result, the influences of these factors had taken into account in central Alborz mountainous belt in Iran northern boundary. To achieve this goal, snow-cover (SC) and land surface temperature (LST) obtained from Aqua and Terra satellite images that are carrying Modis sensor, used in a the temporal range of 2003 up to 2018. Snow cover data with spatial resolusion of 500m analyzied using python programming language. The analysis performed related to the aspect as a major topographic characteristic in the scope of terrain modeling with using moving window and cell by cell raster analysis thechniques. The result, shows a strong relationship between terrain aspect and snow coverage in the central sector of Alborz Mountains. Land surface temperature and snow-cover had an inverse trend, specifically during winter and fall seasons. June LST (Khordad) was high according to the higher zenith angle of the sun in this period of year. There is a clear gap between the LST values of northern and southern aspects of central Alborz that could be result of mountain orientations to the sun rays, higher humidity levels and denser vegetation cover in the northern part. Southward areas, show higher temperature in almost all months. Directional analysis of LST, demonstrated, that maximum levels of LST are observed in the south-faced and specifically southeastward area and the minimum levels observed in northeastward and specifically northward area during all months. Southward area of the alborz mountainous wall, located at the latitude band of 36N, experienced a higher sun ray incident angle and thus having higher LSTs in southern and southeastern parts. Finally in almost all temporal periods (including month, season and year) higher LSTs in southern aspects (South, Southeast and southwest) in compared to northern one (North, Northeast and northwest) has been observed. Manuscript profile
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        34 - Relationship between Geological Formations and Contour Form of Topographic Maps in Part of Northern and Southern Alborz
        عیسی Jokar Sarhangi Mansour Bakhshi
        The preparation of geomorphological maps is requiring a lot of time and extensive money to collect information on maternal and landforms. Registration maternal features in these maps are usually based on geological maps, field operations, and aerial photographs analyzin More
        The preparation of geomorphological maps is requiring a lot of time and extensive money to collect information on maternal and landforms. Registration maternal features in these maps are usually based on geological maps, field operations, and aerial photographs analyzing. However, due to the resistance of rocks and sediments against erosion is different, it is possible to identify and distinguish them by 1:25000 topographic maps and by studying the form of contours. The purpose of this study is to identify contour forms of topographic maps and find their relationship with geological formations of the region in Part of northern and southern Alborz. For this purpose, the existing contours forms including straight contours, and simple sinusoidal, long and elongated sinusoidal, dense sinusoidal and pulsed curves are classified in topography maps of the region and overlapped with the formation maps of the region that supply by using geological maps 1:100000 geological surveys of Iran. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the relationship between them. The results showed that the contour forms of the geological formations of the area were significantly different at the 0.01 level. The contour forms of straight and simple predominate in hard rocks and dense sinusoidal forms in loose formations and are higher than expected. Therefore, the rock material is effective in creating specific contour forms of topographic maps of the area and since these forms are easily recognizable in these maps, it is therefore possible to use topographic maps to obtain material information for geomorphological maps. Manuscript profile
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        35 - Prioritization of Morphometric Factors Influencing the Creation Alluvial Fans Southern Slopes of Alborz, in the Semnan Province, Using Multivariate RegressionModels
        عیسی Jokar sarhangi رضا Esmaeili سمیه Fakhroddin
          There are relations between water basins and alluvial fans as important forms in arid and semi an arid region which show the dimensions of alluvial fans and also indicate the impacts of different factors in the formation of alluvial fans quantatively. With r More
          There are relations between water basins and alluvial fans as important forms in arid and semi an arid region which show the dimensions of alluvial fans and also indicate the impacts of different factors in the formation of alluvial fans quantatively. With respect to the fact that the dimensions of alluvial fans are under influence of their  morphometric factors of watershed basins; this research used morphmetrical  features to find the most suitable model in the southern slops of  Alborz Semnan province. For this purpose, 44 water basins and alluvial fans associated with them were determined using 1:500000 topographic maps. Also for more accuracy Google Earth Pro6 software, were used. In the next stage, 11 watershed physiographic characteristics were obtained including: area, perimeter, mean of height, elevation, gradient, basin length, total length of waterways, and length of the main channel, basin shape coefficient, main channel gradient, and drainage density with the help of Geographic Information System (GIS). Then relationship between alluvial fans Dimension as a dependent variable with the quantities of basin morphology as independent variables were analyzed using SPSS software and multiple regression. The results indicate that  among the independent factors,  the variables of area, perimeter, length, area, channel length, main channel length and the density of water drainage basins, had the most influence on the development of alluvial fans respectively and able to find a regression model. Manuscript profile
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        36 - Shallow landslide hazard zonation using bivariate statistical methods and GIS(Case study: glandrood watershed)
        ali gilanipoor sadroddin motevalli
        Abstract Nowadays, landslides are treats for terrestrial ecosystems and their living organisms and they are present in the study area. The aim of current research is obtaining the most important effective factors on shallow landslide occurrence in northern Alborz (Noor More
        Abstract Nowadays, landslides are treats for terrestrial ecosystems and their living organisms and they are present in the study area. The aim of current research is obtaining the most important effective factors on shallow landslide occurrence in northern Alborz (Noor County). In the first place, landslide locations were determined by field monitoring and the inventory map of landslides was then prepared. Subsequently, the most effective factors on the landslide incident from 16 data layers, such as biotic and abiotic factors, were derived into ArcGIS 9.3 software. Three models including Landslide Index, Frequency ratio and Certainty Factor were considered to provide the landslide susceptibility map. ROC curve was used to evaluate the models. Results showed that hydrologic elements such as of soil humidity, soil infiltrability, and soil texture along have the highest amount of relationship with the occurrence of shallow landslides in the study region. The results of assessment of model analysis also showed that the shallow landslide zonation map obtained from frequency ratio mode is more accurate one.  Manuscript profile
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        37 - Study on Phytochemical diversity and antioxidant properties of extracts from different populations of Perovskia abrotanoides Kar. in Eastern Alborz
        Maryam Farzaneh Atefe Amirahmadi Vahid Poozesh Fatemeh Salimi
        10.30495/ejmp.2021.1925667.1633
        This study was conducted to investigate the biochemical diversity and antioxidant properties of three accessions of Perovskia abrotanoides Kar. in eastern Alborz mountain range including Semnan and Mazandaran provinces. Flowering specimens were collected from three natu More
        This study was conducted to investigate the biochemical diversity and antioxidant properties of three accessions of Perovskia abrotanoides Kar. in eastern Alborz mountain range including Semnan and Mazandaran provinces. Flowering specimens were collected from three natural habitats of Damghan (station 1, 1504 m), Kordmir (station 2, 1672 m) and Shahrud (station 3, 1285 m) in July 2018. The amount of proline, protein, soluble sugars, phenolic compounds, hydrogen peroxide, potassium, copper, zinc, iron, nickel, magnesium, manganese and calcium as well as soil salinity were measured. Methanolic, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts were extracted by soaking method and the antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging capacity. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with 3 replications and the comparison of data means was performed using Duncan's test at a probability level of 5%. The results showed that the highest amount of proline and potassium was in station 1, the highest amount of protein, phenolic compounds, soil salinity and magnesium content were obtained from station 3 and the highest amount of iron was observed in station 2. Moreover, station 3 had the highest level of antioxidant activity in all extracts, and all stations had the lowest level of antioxidant activity in hexane extract. Dichloromethane extracts in stations 2 and 3 had the highest level of antioxidant activity, while in station 1 the highest level of antioxidant activity was found in methanolic extract. Therefore, we concluded that with increasing soil salinity, the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the populations of P. abrotanoides increase. Manuscript profile
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        38 - Urban Population Systems in Iran: A comparative analysis of southern Alborz and Khorasan regions
        Javad Rahmani Esfandyar Zebardast
        Urban systems in each country explain how the interaction of regional cities happen. In this study, we have analyzed the spatial distribution of city population on ten regions of national and regional physical plans, the years 1956 to 2011 are discussed and has bee More
        Urban systems in each country explain how the interaction of regional cities happen. In this study, we have analyzed the spatial distribution of city population on ten regions of national and regional physical plans, the years 1956 to 2011 are discussed and has been analyzed both the urban population system and the ten physical regions. Of the ten regions of national and regional physical plans, two regions of the southern Alborz (Including the provinces of Tehran, Markazi, Semnan, Zanjan, Qazvin, Qom and Alborz) and Khorasan (Including the provinces of South Khorassan, Razvi Korasan and North Kohorasan) ,respectively, had the highest and lowest rates of change between the ten regions. In the follow-up analysis , indicators such as the first twenty positions in the years 1956 to 2011, the analysis of the actual population and population number of twenty cities Primary of the  region in relation to the theoretical Zipf in 2011 and also the analysis of primacy city and decentralization city in the South Khorasan and Alborz, was completed separately. Finally, a comparison between Khorasan region and southern Alborz together and with physical national and regional regions determined that southern Alborz region despite its position among the ten regions was not affected by a change but the intra-regional changes are massive and large altered. Conversely, Khorasan region that on the variations between Regions has been a fundamental change, in the intra-regional variations was found in relative comfort. The study also revealed that due to the changes between regional, it cannot be possible to make an intra-regional analysis and predictions are imposssible. Manuscript profile
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        39 - Assessment the relationship between geometry and fault mechanism whit geomorphic index of active tectonic in west Alborz region
        Ahmad Ali Zare Mehrjardi
        10.30495/jonass.2022.1950946.1021
        Manuscript profile
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        40 - The survey of microbial properties in commercial ready-to-eat foods at manufactures and hypermarkets in Alborz province
        Shima PourJafar Zohreh Mashak Mohsen Mirzaee
        Due to developing consumption of ready-to-eat food and influence of them on foodborne diseases, microbial changes in the various kinds of the foods at the factories and food markets in Alborz province were examined. For this purpose S.aureus bacteria, coliforms, E.coli, More
        Due to developing consumption of ready-to-eat food and influence of them on foodborne diseases, microbial changes in the various kinds of the foods at the factories and food markets in Alborz province were examined. For this purpose S.aureus bacteria, coliforms, E.coli, molds and yeasts, and bacterial total counts, in 200 samples of semi-cooked (falafel, fishfinger, fried-fish, fried-chicken, meat-cutlet, cordon-bleu, kookoo-sabzi, fried-shrimp, chicken nugget, schnysel chicken , schnysel forming) [A], frozen raw (chicken-kebab, frozen chicken arm, chicken burger, 30%hamburger, 60%hamburger, 75%hamburger, 85%hamburger, 85%finger kebab)[B], and cocked refrigerated (55%cocktail sausage, 55%hot dog, German sausage)[C] were studied. The amount of the bacteria after storage in the stores were more than the factories, in all groups (P≤0/05). Total bacterial count and coliforms, in the C group was less than other groups and between the A and B groups didn’t find any statistical difference. The C group didn’t contain the Escherichia coli, and it was higher in B group than A group. The highest and lowest molds and yeast were founded in B and A samples, respectively. The highest number of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was related to the B group (P≤0/05). The increase of microbial changes in hyperstores compared to factories can indicate that ready to eat storage has done in abuse time-temperature conditions. In addition to the ecological characteristics of these microbes, cross-contamination by personnel manipulation, improper handling and transportation, undercooked cooking, (especially in semi-cooked food) and improper use of the freezing system can play a significant role in this microbial increase. Manuscript profile
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        41 - On the Analysis of the Role of Hire Purchase Housing in Meeting the Urban Groups' Needs (Case Study: Karaj Cities)
        K. ziyari B. Habibiyan M. Varshoy F. Gashtil
        Housing and its provision has always been one of the most important issues of urban management for low-income urban groups from past to present. It seems that applied policies in this context were not appropriate enough because of the disproportionate economic and socia More
        Housing and its provision has always been one of the most important issues of urban management for low-income urban groups from past to present. It seems that applied policies in this context were not appropriate enough because of the disproportionate economic and social conditions of low-income groups. The objective of this study was to analyze the implementation of hire purchase housing policy in Alborz province (Karaj city) and its role in meeting the quantitative and qualitative needs of target groups. This study was quantitative–analytical. The data were collected through library studies and survey method through questionnaire and interview tools. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software by descriptive and inferential (one sample t test and two independent t test) methods. The results show hire-purchase housing policy generally failed to meet the required quantitative and qualitative needs of supplying of supplying house for target groups and the residents were not satisfied with the Terms of assignment, physical housing quality and access to urban services and facilities and only access to police services has provided satisfaction with them.   Manuscript profile
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        42 - Comparative Analysis of the Status of Agricultural Cooperative Extension Training in Compliance with The Learning Organization in Iran
        Elahe Kiani Azadeh Noorollah Noorivandi Ahmad reza Ommani Tahmasb Maghsoodi
        Manuscript profile
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        43 - توسعه و اعتبارسنجی شاخص‌های آبزی‌پروری پایدار: مورد حوزه آبخیز سد البرز، استان مازندران
        احسان قلی فر عنایت عباسی غلامرضا پزشکی راد حسن صالحی عبدالمطلب رضایی
        تحقیق حاضر با هدف توسعه و اعتبارسنجی شاخص‌های آبزی‌پروری پایدار به عنوان یک نظام اجتماعی ـ بوم شناختی در حوزه آبخیز سد البرز در استان مازندران انجام شده است. با مرور منابع، تعداد 148 شاخص آبزی‌پروری پایدار در ابعاد اقتصادی (بازارمحوی و آبزی پروری پاسخگو، قابلیت ارزیابی More
        تحقیق حاضر با هدف توسعه و اعتبارسنجی شاخص‌های آبزی‌پروری پایدار به عنوان یک نظام اجتماعی ـ بوم شناختی در حوزه آبخیز سد البرز در استان مازندران انجام شده است. با مرور منابع، تعداد 148 شاخص آبزی‌پروری پایدار در ابعاد اقتصادی (بازارمحوی و آبزی پروری پاسخگو، قابلیت ارزیابی ریسک و مدیریت بحران، و مدیریت مالی)، اجتماعی (مشارکت در امنیت و سلامت غذا، نقش تولیدکنندگان و سازمان‌های مردم‌نهاد، بهبود تصویر آبزی‌پروری و مسؤولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی)، زیست‌محیطی (حداقل‌سازی اثرات آبزی‌پروری در سطح ملی و حداقل‌سازی اثرات آبزی پروری در شرایط زیست‌محیطی و تنوع زیست) و نهادی (توسعه محلی و مشارکت در تصمیم‌گیری توسط آبزی‌پروران) استخراج گردید. مؤلفه‌های استخراج شده با توجه به شش معیار در یک پرسشنامه با طیف پنج قسمتی لیکرت طراحی شدند. پرسشنامه طراحی شده در بین متخصصان آبزی‌پروری در حوزه آبخیز سد البرز در استان مازندران توزیع و تعداد 32 پرسشنامه تکمیل گردید. در بخش یافته‌ها، مؤلفه‌های استخراج شده به همراه شاخص‌های مربوطه با توجه به شش معیار مورد نظربا کاربرد فرایند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی رتبه‌بندی شدند. از میان ده شاخص آبزی‌پروری پایدار، ابعاد اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی به ترتیب در رتبه‌های اول و دوم قرار گرفتند. بنابراین به دست‌اندرکاران حوزه آبزی‌پروری پیشنهاد می‌شود تا در برنامه‌ریزی‌های خود به این ابعاد توجه کنند.  Manuscript profile
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        44 - برآورد قیمت تمام شده و ارزش اقتصادی آب در اراضی زراعی تحت پوشش آب‌بندان‌ها (مطالعه موردی محدوده‌ی پروژه البرز)
        مجتبی نبی زاده ذوالپیرانی حمید امیرنژاد علی شاهنظری
        قیمت گذاری آب یکی از مهم­ترین ابزار مدیریت منابع آب می­باشد که می­تواند به تخصیص بهینه آن در بخش کشاورزی منجر شود. در این راستا، مطالعه حاضر با  استفاده از روش­های اقتصاد مهندسی و تابع تولید به برآورد و مقایسه قیمت تمام شده و ارزش آب در اراضی زراعی More
        قیمت گذاری آب یکی از مهم­ترین ابزار مدیریت منابع آب می­باشد که می­تواند به تخصیص بهینه آن در بخش کشاورزی منجر شود. در این راستا، مطالعه حاضر با  استفاده از روش­های اقتصاد مهندسی و تابع تولید به برآورد و مقایسه قیمت تمام شده و ارزش آب در اراضی زراعی تحت پوشش آب­بندان­های منتخب در محدوده پروژه البرز در استان مازندران می­پردازد. به این منظور، با استفاده از روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی ساده حجم نمونه جهت برآورد ارزش اقتصادی آب در محصولات زراعی زیر حوضه آب­بندان­های منتخب 198 تعیین شد و داده­های مورد نیاز، از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه و مطالعات میدانی در سال زراعی 93- 1392 جمع­آوری گردید.پس از بررسی نتایج توابع تولید مختلف، تابع تولید ترانسندنتال به عنوان تابع تولید مناسب انتخاب و ارزش اقتصادی آب برای محصول برنج در حوضه آب­بندان­های منتخب 19065 ریال به ازای هر مترمکعب محاسبه گردید.همچنین، قیمت تمام شده آب به ازای هر مترمکعب در آب­بندان­های منتخب با نرخ بهره 22 درصد 868 ریال و با نرخ بهره 12 درصد 394 ریال به­دست آمد. مقایسه قیمت تمام شده آب با ارزش اقتصادی آن در آب­بندان­های منتخب، نشان دهنده بیشتر بودن ارزش اقتصادی آب از قیمت تمام شده آن و تفاوت بسیار زیاد هر دوی آن­ها با آب­بهای پرداختی کشاورزان می­باشد. در نتیجه شکاف موجود بین قیمت واقعی آب و قیمت پرداختی کشاورزان باید به­وسیله قیمت گذاری اقتصادی آب پر شود. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        45 - Variations in the Style of Thrusting Geometry of Shahroud main thrust in the South-east of Alborz Mountains (North of Iran)
        عباس کنگی
        Manuscript profile
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        46 - Extraction and analysis of lineaments in west Alborz area using SRTM 90m data and GIS
        Godratolah Farhoudi Jafar Rahnamarad Mohammad Tayebi
        Manuscript profile
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        47 - Investigating the Impact of Organizational Strategy on Life Insurance Demand (Case Study: Bushehr Insurance Companies)
        Esmaeil Kamalirad Seyedeh Rahil Hashemi
        10.30495/msds.2022.1948155.1026
        Strategic management with its emphasis on strategic thinking has become an undeniable requirement in today's business world. Classical approaches to strategic planning have fallen into the trap of stereotyping and have been criticized by many organizational thinkers for More
        Strategic management with its emphasis on strategic thinking has become an undeniable requirement in today's business world. Classical approaches to strategic planning have fallen into the trap of stereotyping and have been criticized by many organizational thinkers for neglecting its core essence, strategic thinking. On the other hand, the inherent disorder of strategic thinking causes confusion among strategic managers and doubts about the reproducibility of organizational strategic decisions. In this research, the intention is to investigate the effect of strategic thinking on innovation and the successful introduction of new products by Alborz Insurance Company. Standard questionnaires were used to measure research variables. The questionnaire was distributed among 126 sample people from the statistical population who are the managers and sales representatives of Alborz Insurance Company in Bushehr province. The research method was descriptive-correlational. To answer the questions and test the research hypotheses with Smart-PLS software, the method of studying structural equations and path analysis using the partial least squares (PLS) method was used. The results showed that strategic thinking and its dimensions (systemic perspective, focus on intention, smart opportunism, time thinking, and hypothesis-based thinking) have a significant impact on innovation and the successful introduction of products and services of Alborz Insurance Company. Manuscript profile
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        48 - Determining the Preference Value of Perennial Grasses Using Preference Index and Sheep Grazing Time Methods in Grasslands of the Middle Alborz, Iran
        Saeed Rashvand Hassan Yeganeh Fazel Amiri
        Manuscript profile
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        49 - The Surveying of Range Condition and Biodiversity in Four Sites of Northern Alborz Rangelands, Iran
        Mohammad Hassan Jouri Diana Askarizadeh Vahid Rahimi Kakroodi
        Manuscript profile
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        50 - Diet Selection by Sheep and Goats on Upland Rangelands (North Alborz) Case Study: Javaherdeh Rangeland of Ramsar
        Diana Askarizadeh Gholam Ali Heshmati
        Manuscript profile
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        51 - Assessment of Health Conditions of Mountain Rangeland Ecosystem Using Species Diversity and Richness Indices, Case Study: Central Alborz (Iran)
        Mohammad hasan Jouri Dnyan Patil Rivandra S. Gavali Nosrat Safaian Diana Askarizadeh
        Manuscript profile
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        52 - A comparative evaluation of the side effects caused by the administration of some different types of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccines in many large and small ruminant herds located in Alborz and Ilam provinces, from 2006 to 2021
        Maryam Rahravani Meysam Moravedji Yegane Sadeghian Kimia Nassiri Mostafa Nemati Mohammad Javad Panahandeh Sobhan Jafari Bafrouei Ahmad Zamanian
        10.30495/vmj.2023.1984510.1024
        Background and purpose: Food and Mouth Disease (FMD) is considered one of the most important and common diseases of the ruminants population, which is able to impose heavy economic losses on the bodies of the country's animal husbandry industry. In this regard, vaccinat More
        Background and purpose: Food and Mouth Disease (FMD) is considered one of the most important and common diseases of the ruminants population, which is able to impose heavy economic losses on the bodies of the country's animal husbandry industry. In this regard, vaccination is considered to be the most effective method to prevent disease, which unfortunately, in some cases, vaccination has caused damage to the industry and subsequently dissatisfaction of livestock farmers. The purpose of this study is a comparative evaluation of the types of complications caused by the injection of different types of FMD vaccines available in the country. Materials and methods: The current study was conducted in the field and data collection, between March 2015 and March 2021, on the adult population of large and small ruminants in Alborz, Ilam and provinces. It has been done on 9 different vaccines. Results: The results showed that the cumulative side effects caused by the injection of vaccines was not significant (p>0.05), while the separate side effects of vaccines number 1, 5 and 7, were significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of the study indicated that significant side effects have no important clinical values and counted as the natural reactions of any vaccine. In addition, it was concluded that the Iran made vaccines can be very useful and beneficial in disease prevention and control. Manuscript profile
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        53 - The Effect of Risk Management on the Anxiety of Sports Injuries with the Mediating Role of Swimmers' Safety Behavior
        rozita nourbakhsh Mahvash Noorbakhsh parivash nourbakhsh
        The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of risk management on the anxiety of sports injuries with the mediating role of swimmers' safety behavior. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational research. The statistical popula More
        The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of risk management on the anxiety of sports injuries with the mediating role of swimmers' safety behavior. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population included all swimmers in Alborz province in the age category of youth, hope and adults. Due to the uncertainty of the number of swimmers to select a statistical sample from Alborz province, it was geographically divided into 5 parts: north, south, west, east and center. Finally, 200 swimmers formed a statistical sample using the accessible method. Aaron (2004) Risk Management Questionnaire, Martinez-Korkols et al. (2011) Safety Behavior Questionnaire, Smith et al.'s (2006) Sports Injury Anxiety Scale were used to measure research variables. SPSS software version 23 and PLS version 2 software were used to evaluate the hybrid reliability, Cronbach's alpha, divergent and convergent validity and structural equation modeling. The results showed that risk management and safety behavior have a negative effect on anxiety in sports injuries of swimmers in Alborz province. Manuscript profile
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        54 - Seroepidemiologic survey onWest Nile Virus, Equine Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine Arteritis Virus and Influenza A Virus in the stables of Tehranand Alborz province
        ,A Badiei ,A Shaghayagh R. Sadri S.M irsaeedi Farahani, ,M Loghmani ,P Hosamy ,A. Ahmadi رامین Balali, ,A Jamali ,F Moosakhani
        A seroepidemiological study to detect the presence of the antibodies against West Nile Virus(WNV), Influenza AVirus, Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIA) and Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV) was done in Tehran and Alborzprovince, Iran from April 2011 to July 2012. The object More
        A seroepidemiological study to detect the presence of the antibodies against West Nile Virus(WNV), Influenza AVirus, Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIA) and Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV) was done in Tehran and Alborzprovince, Iran from April 2011 to July 2012. The objective of this study was to determine the serological statusof the most important viruses in horse. Serum samples were collected from stable horses throughout TehranandAlborzprovince. Out Of 126 samples, 3 (2.38%), 1 (0.79%), 37 (29.36%), 85(67.46%) were seropositive for WNV,EIA, EAV and Influenza A Virus, respectively. The results revealed that antibodies against WNV, EIA and EAVwere present in Tehran and Alborz province; meanwhile,previous exposure to WNV, EIA and EAV might nothave occurred in Iran due to low percentages ofWNV and EIA seropositive cases and medium percentage ofEAV seropositive results. Seropositivecases of WNV, EIA and EAV were as same as other reports. Since highpercentages of Influenza A seropositive results, the agent is likely circulating in Iran. Manuscript profile
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        55 - A Study on the prevalence of Bovine Coccidiosis in some Dairy Farms at Alborz Province(Iran)
        ,S.Sh.R Shojaei ,A Shaghayegh ,A Ahmadi
        Coccidiosis is one of the common intestinal infections in calves worldwide. Different Species of Eimeria protozoanscauses coccidiosis in dairy farms. These protozoa live in intestinal epithelial cells and its life cycle in intestine causessevere diarrhea in young calves More
        Coccidiosis is one of the common intestinal infections in calves worldwide. Different Species of Eimeria protozoanscauses coccidiosis in dairy farms. These protozoa live in intestinal epithelial cells and its life cycle in intestine causessevere diarrhea in young calves. 15 different Eimeria spp. Had been recognized around the world which E.bovis andE.zurnii are the most virulent.In this study, 3 dairy farm at Alborz province in Iran were studied.100 faecal samples were taken and after sporulationof those in 2.5% potassium bichromate presence of Eimerial oocysts were surveyed by using Flotation method suchas Clayton-Layn and Modifed Mc master techniques. The results showed that infection were only in calves, Meaninfection rate was 2%,which this rate is near the results of Razavi and colleagues studies in dairy farms of Shirazregion but is less than Yakhchali study in Sanandaj Province of Iran.All Positive calves in our study were under 3 months of age. The low infection rate in this study is related to animal’sage, individual characteristics and good management of farms, but the latter is probably more important. Manuscript profile
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        56 - Seroperivalence of Mycoplasma synoviae infection in commercial layer farms of Alborz and Qazvin provinces
        پیام Haghighi Khoshkhoo, G. Akbari-Azad, J. Inanlo, , M Masomi
        This survey was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) infection throughcommercial layer farms in Alborz and Qazvin provinces. A total of 2050 serum samples from 21 commercial layerflocks (50 samples from each farm), mostly over 40- week- More
        This survey was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) infection throughcommercial layer farms in Alborz and Qazvin provinces. A total of 2050 serum samples from 21 commercial layerflocks (50 samples from each farm), mostly over 40- week- old were collected during winter and spring seasonsrandomly. The sera were experimented for detecting the antibody against Ms by Serum Plate Agglutination (SPA)Test using commercial M. Synoviae antigen (Soleil Co., France). Positive reactions retested by SPA on 1/8 dilutionand the flocks with more than 10% of positive reactions were considered positive serologically.The results showed that in Alborz province: 10 out of 20 (50%) farms were positive and 10 out of 20 (50%) farmswere negative. Also, 170 out of 1000 (17%) serum samples were positive, 6 out of 1000 (0.6%) were suspect and824 out of 1000 (82.4%) were negative. In Qazvin province: 7 out of 21 flocks (33.3%) were positive and 14 out of21 flocks (66.7%) were negative. Also, 201 out of 1050 sera (19.14%) were positive, 6 sera (0.57%) were suspectand 843 sera (80.28%) were negative. Statistical analysis showed signifcant positive correlation between positiveflocks and strain (LSL strain serologically showed higher positive reaction rate compared to Hy-Line strain),capacity of flocks and the number of houses in the farms (P<0.05).It seems that the seroprevalence of Ms in layer flocks is high. However using MS live vaccine as interventionstrategy requires more detailed studies. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        57 - Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in commercial layer farms in Alborz and Qazvin provinces
        پیام Haghighi Khoshkhoo, گیتا Akbari-Azad, مسعود Roohi, پدرام Sami-Yousef,
        Mycoplasma gallisepticum is associated with signifcant economic losses in domestic poultry, caused suboptimalegg production in layers. This survey was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in commercial layer farms in Alborz a More
        Mycoplasma gallisepticum is associated with signifcant economic losses in domestic poultry, caused suboptimalegg production in layers. This survey was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in commercial layer farms in Alborz and Qazvin provinces for primary evaluation of usage of liveMg vaccine in commercial layer flocks. A total of 2050 serum samples were collected from 41 commercial layerflocks (50 samples from each farm) mostly over 40-week-old. Sera were tested by Serum Plate Agglutination(SPA) method using commercial Mg antigen (Noblis MG®, Intervet Co, Holland). Positive reactions retested bySPA on 1:8 dilution and the farms with more than 10% positive reactions were considered positive serologically.The result showed that in the Alborz province, only one out of 21 (4.8%) farms were positive and the rest (95.2%)were negative; also, 51 out of 1050 (4.86% ) sera were positive, 991 out of 1050 (94.38%) were negative and 8out of 1050 (0.76%) were doubtful. In Qazvin province, 3 out of 20 (15%) farms were positive and 17 out of 20(85%) were negative; also, 74 out of 1000 (7.4%) sera were positive, 46 out of 1000 (4.6%) were doubtful and880 out of 1000 (88%) were negative. As seroprevalence of Mg infection in these two provinces which are veryimportant areas in poultry production in Iran were low,so it seems that using live vaccine against Mg needs morestudies. However, molecular identifcation should be used for completing this fnding and biosecurity notices arevery important for controlling of Mg. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        58 - Mazandaran and Alborz in shahnameh
        Behjat Najibi Fini
        Ferdosi's shahnameh as a based document which represents Iranian patriotism, magnificence, ancientness has more to figJre out for Iranian let alone people all around the world. one of the matters discussed in shahnameh is geographic expansion which shahnameh's resea More
        Ferdosi's shahnameh as a based document which represents Iranian patriotism, magnificence, ancientness has more to figJre out for Iranian let alone people all around the world. one of the matters discussed in shahnameh is geographic expansion which shahnameh's researchers have always saught the answer of the question that Mazandaran and Alborz included exactly which geographic region of Iran in Shahnameh as on eternity opus. And whether this d:trict was a part of the country or not. This essay tries to answer these questions by contributing ancient geographic and the works of contemporary scholars. Manuscript profile

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