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Open Access Article

1 - Investigating the basil production functions under the conditions of simultaneous water stress and salinity
Mahshad Sadaat Farahbakhsh Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi Hossein Babazadeh

The lack of water and soil resources and their salinity are important points in the agricultural sector. Investigating the interactions between salinity and irrigation on plant yields is important in order to improve soil management and water use in arid and semi-arid r More

The lack of water and soil resources and their salinity are important points in the agricultural sector. Investigating the interactions between salinity and irrigation on plant yields is important in order to improve soil management and water use in arid and semi-arid regions. The purpose of this study was to study and evaluate the production functions of Basilicum L. in Mazandaran mass cultivar under simultaneous stress conditions of water and salinity. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted on a hectare research site in the Dushantepheh research center of Tehran. In this study, we used microplate weight-drainage to determine the rate of evaporation-transpiration of basil plant. Factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four irrigation treatments including complete irrigation (FI), irrigation with 40 (DI40%), 60 (DI60%) and 80 (DI80%) water requirements of the plant and three subsoil treatments Irrigation water with a conductivity of 175/1 (S1), 3 (S2) and 5 dS / m (S3) for two consecutive years of 1395 and 1396 was carried out. The results showed that the basal plant yield reduction was 3.1 dS / m for irrigation water salinity and 10% for grazing line slope. Manuscript profile

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2 - The Effect of Thermal Treatments on the Rheological and Textural Properties of Basil Seed Gum
عاکفه Zameni مهدی Kashani nejad فخرالدین Salehi

Introduction: Hydrocolloids (gums) are components of food ingredients that are affected bythermal treatments during transportation, processing, storage and distribution of food. In thisstudy, the effect of heat treatment on the color changes, rheological and textural (f More

Introduction: Hydrocolloids (gums) are components of food ingredients that are affected bythermal treatments during transportation, processing, storage and distribution of food. In thisstudy, the effect of heat treatment on the color changes, rheological and textural (firmness,adhesiveness and consistency) properties of Basil seed gum are investigated.Materials and Methods: Basil seed gum is extracted in order to evaluate the rheological,textural properties and color. Solutions with different concentrations were prepared and weresubjected to different thermal treatments (25, 50, 75, 100, 121°C, for 20 min).Results: Applied thermal treatments increased the viscosity of Basil seed gum. Texture of theprepared gels had a good resistence against heat treatments and hardness, adhesiveness andconsistency values of Basil seed gum gel (3%) at 121°C were 51.3gr, 23.75 gr/s, 211.99 gr/s.By increasing the temperature of the treatment, the color of the samples became brighter(increase in L).Conclusion: The results indicated that Basil seed gum has pseudoplastic behavior and Powerlaw model is suitable to evaluate it. Manuscript profile

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3 - The Effect of Drying Process on the Physiochemical Characteristics and Quality of Basil Leaf Leaves
S. Bostani N. Asefi

Introduction: Basil contains high phenolic compounds and its seeds contain mucilages. By investigation the essential oils of this plant, and especially its phenylpropanoid compounds, have been identified as the main medicinal product. Materials and Methods: In this res More

Introduction: Basil contains high phenolic compounds and its seeds contain mucilages. By investigation the essential oils of this plant, and especially its phenylpropanoid compounds, have been identified as the main medicinal product. Materials and Methods: In this research, basil leaves were dried by three methods: shadow, drying oven method at 40 and 60° C and microwave method at 180 and 360 W. In order to increase the heat transfer in short time some effective factors concerned with the leaves, namely moisture, iron, potassium,vitamin C and polyphenol contents were determined. Results: The first stage of drying rate is constant and controlled by external factors, was seen only in the shadow drying method. In two other methods, this stage has been almost eliminated.  Forced convection heat transfer coefficients is higher than natural convection coefficient. Therefore in the oven drying method, mass transfer rate is higher than the other methods. With increasing microwave power, drying time decreased. The determined amounts of iron, potassium and vitamin C showed that there is a significant difference between different drying methods (P <0.05). The longest drying time was in shadow with1800 minutes and the highest amount of vitamin C, iron and phenolic compounds was in the dried treatment in the shade. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be stated that the drying of the basil leaf using shade drying and microwave drying at 180 W, are desirable because the amount of active ingredients in the plant is considerably retained. Manuscript profile

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4 - Evaluation of the Effect of Foliar Application of Iron, Potassium and Zinc Nanochelate on the Enzymatic Activity and Nutritional Value of Some Leafy Vegetables
E. Danaee V. Abdossi

Introduction: Vegetables are known as a low-energy food source, rich in essentials and beneficial compounds for the body and might be regarded as an excellent nutritional supplement. The aim of this study is to evaluate some of the compounds present in some leafy vegeta More

Introduction: Vegetables are known as a low-energy food source, rich in essentials and beneficial compounds for the body and might be regarded as an excellent nutritional supplement. The aim of this study is to evaluate some of the compounds present in some leafy vegetables under treatment with nano-chelates. Materials and Methods: This research was carried out in a completely randomized design with 7 treatments including two levels of iron, potassium and zinc nano-chelates (3 and 6 mg / l) in triplicate order. After about 4 weeks from sown of seeds, foliar application of iron, potassium and zinc nano-chelates was performed every two days for one week. A blank was carried out along with the experimental work. Characteristics such as total leaf chlorophyll, ascorbic acids, protein, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, iron, potassium and zinc contents in leaves, were evaluated. Results: The highest total chlorophyll and ascorbic acid contents were determined in the treatment concerned with iron nano-chelate (6 mg /l) in savory and parsley. The highest protein and superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities and iron were obtained in treatment concerned with iron nano-chelate (6 mg /l) in fenugreek and the highest potassium content in treatment concerned with potassium nano-chelate (6 mg /l) was observed in fenugreek and the highest zinc in treatment concerned with zinc nano-chelate (6 mg /l) was determined in basil. There were not significant differences between the treatments at 1% level. Conclusion: All the treatments applied caused improved characteristics as compared to the blank. The best improved characteristics were obtained at the concentration of 6 mg / l of nano iron chelate, nano potassium chelate and zinc chelate. Manuscript profile

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نعمت الله خراسانی مهرداد چراغی

2

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6 - Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Ocimum basilicum on anxiety in male rats
زهرا رنجبر فردویی Nasrin Heidarieh Fatemeh Jamallo

Introduction:Anxiety is a common disorder that often associated with the physiological symptoms such as heart rate , chest pain, shortness of breath. The use of medicinal plants has increased and the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydro-alcoholic extrac More

Introduction:Anxiety is a common disorder that often associated with the physiological symptoms such as heart rate , chest pain, shortness of breath. The use of medicinal plants has increased and the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydro-alcoholic extracts of Ocimum basilicum on anxiety in male rats.Methods: Ocimumbasilicum leafy branches Having identified by herbarium University, hydro-alcoholic extract by Soxhlet extraction, and powdered extracts were prepared.. In this study the male Wistar rats(230±20g) were divided to intact group ,DMSO recipient( solvent extraction) group And receiving doses of 250, 50, 25, 15 mg / kg,( i.p) of Hydro-alcoholic extract.A half hours after injection, by Using the evaluated maze, the anxiety test was taken and the standard indicators of anxiety,( duration of stay and the number of entry into the open arm ) was recorded and checked for 5 minutes.ANOVA and Tukey test was used for analyzing data (P<0.05)Results: The results showed that the DMSO with compared to intact group had no effect on anxiety indicators. The Ocimumbasilicumhydroalcoholic extract at a dose of 25,15 mg / kg Compared to the group receiving DMSO, the time of stay in open arms and number of entry into open arm had a significant increase (p<0.001)Conclusion Ocimumbasilicum extract has anti-anxiety effect.Keywords: Ocimumbasilicum extract;anxiety; evaluated maze; rat Manuscript profile

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7 - The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of basil (Ocimum basilicum) on colonic mucosa morphometry and diarrhea caused by castor oil in male rats
Mohammad Mohammad Ali Mansouri Lotfollah Khajehpour Maliheh Mohammadi

Objectives: Basil (Ocimum basilicum), which has antispasmodic properties, has been introduced in traditional medicine as a suitable medicine for diarrhea and vomiting. The present study was performed to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of basil on colon hi More

Objectives: Basil (Ocimum basilicum), which has antispasmodic properties, has been introduced in traditional medicine as a suitable medicine for diarrhea and vomiting. The present study was performed to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of basil on colon histology and severity of diarrhea in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 56 male Wistar 200±5 g rats were randomly divided into seven equal groups. Solvent group (physiological serum), diphenoxylate group (5 mg/kg), and five groups receiving basil hydroalcoholic extract in doses (100, 200, 400, 600, 800 mg/kg). One hour after taking the drugs, castor oil 2 ml per animal was fed by gavage. The animals were then kept in separate cages for 4 hours and the indicators of excretion number, weight loss percentage, fecal water content and inhibition percentage were recorded. Mice were anesthetized with ether one hour after diarrhea studies and the isolated colon tissue was evaluated microscopically. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and then Tukey test. Level P Results: Diphenoxylate gavage and extracts of 200 and 400 mg/kg, could improve diarrhea caused by castor oil. Histological studies showed that although there was no significant difference between the different groups, the amount (800 mg / kg) of the extract could increase the thickness of the colon wall to some extent. Conclusion: The results show that the hydroalcoholic extract of Ocimum basilicum has diphenoxylate-like properties in reducing the osmotic symptoms of diarrhea and the volume of water excreted, and in the short term can have little effect on colon wall thickness.   Manuscript profile

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8 - The Effect Organic Fertilizer on Quantitative and Qualitative Characters of Basil (Ocimum basilicum) in Sistan Region
Tahmineh Mir Arab Esa Piri Abolfazl Tavassoli Mehdi Babaeiyan

To evaluation the effect of manure, compost and vormicompost on yield and yield components of basil (Ocimum basilicum), a pot experiment was carried out as completely randomized design with three replications in Zabol, Sistan, in 2013. Bio fertilizer treatments consiste More

To evaluation the effect of manure, compost and vormicompost on yield and yield components of basil (Ocimum basilicum), a pot experiment was carried out as completely randomized design with three replications in Zabol, Sistan, in 2013. Bio fertilizer treatments consisted of seven levels: F1= control (no fertilizer), F2= 20% vormicompost, F3= 40% vormicompost, F4= 20% compost, F5= 40% compost, F6= 20% manure and F7= 40% manure. Traits measured were plant high, number of branches, number of seeds per plant, dry weight, essence content and yield. The results showed that the use of bio fertilizer significantly improved the quantity and quality basil characters. Treatments had a significant effect on most of the measured traits and increased all of the traits as compared to thos of control. Thus, with the exceotion of 1000 grain weight, highest amounts were obtained for plant height, number of branches, number of seeds per plant, dry weight, essence content and essence yield by using 40% vormicompost and lowest to those of control treatment. Our results also showed that increasing vermicompost, compost and manure from 20% to 40% increased plant height, number of branches, number of seeds per plant, dry matter and essence percent. Generally, the use of organic fertilizers, as compared with not using them, produced optimum quality and quantity of basil. As a whole, it can be said that using bio fertilizers may help to achieve sustainable agriculture goals. Manuscript profile

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9 - Effects of Ascorbic Acid on Growth and Photosynthetic Pigments of Basil under Arsenic Toxicity
P. Yadollahi M.R. Asgharipour S. Sheikhpour

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0, 10 and 20 mM) on growth, fresh and dry weight of basil under different levels of arsenic (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg.kg-1 of soil) in pots. The experiment was factorial based More

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0, 10 and 20 mM) on growth, fresh and dry weight of basil under different levels of arsenic (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg.kg-1 of soil) in pots. The experiment was factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. It was carried out in greenhouse at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol. All growth characteristics, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots and photosynthetic pigments of plants treated with arsenic decreased. Application of ascorbic acid, especially at concentration of 20 mM, could increase the amount and activity of photosynthetic pigments in basil which resulted, in reducing the negative effects of arsenic and an increase on leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoot as compared with those of control (non-application of ascorbic acid). Foliar application of ascorbic acid did not have significant effect on plant height, fresh and dry weight of roots and leaves as compared with those of the control. Manuscript profile

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10 - بررسی اثر پرایمینگ بذر بر مولفه‌های جوانه زنی و رشد رویشی گیاه دارویی ریحان(Ocimum basilicum L.) در تنش شوری
لیلا رضائی محمد هاشم برادران سعید بختیاری

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11 - تأثیر تنش شوری بر ویژگی‌های جوانه زنی بذر گیاه ریحان
میلاد باباخانی نسترن کاظمی

10.30495/jsr.2022.1956300.1230

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12 - بررسی اثر پرایمینگ بذر بر مؤلفه‌های جوانه‌زنی و رشد رویشی ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) در تنش خشکی
محمدهاشم برادران لیلا رضائی سعید بختیاری

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13 - تأثیر پیش تیمار بذر با باکترهای محرک رشد بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی گیاه دارویی ریحان تحت تنش شوری
مهدی عقیقی شاهوردی بهنام ممیوند حجت عطایی سماق

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14 - اثر اسید سالیسیلیک بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و تغییرات بیوشیمیایی بذر ریحان (Ocimum basilicu) تحت شرایط تنش شوری
مریم نوری شهناز فتحی

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15 - Evaluation of total phenol and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, anti-pain and anti-inflammatory of Ocimum basillicum var. purpurescens in comparison with opioid drug (morphine) in male rats
Solmaz Fakhari Isa bilejani Arash Khaki Asghar Rajabzadeh Masoumeh Mazandarani

This study was carried out to evaluate the total flavonoide, phenols, antioxidant, anti-pain and anti-inflammatory in different extracts of Ocimum ebasillicum var. purpurescens in comparison with opioid drug (morphine) in male rats. The male Wistar rats with 250± More

This study was carried out to evaluate the total flavonoide, phenols, antioxidant, anti-pain and anti-inflammatory in different extracts of Ocimum ebasillicum var. purpurescens in comparison with opioid drug (morphine) in male rats. The male Wistar rats with 250±10 g weighing was used and randomly divided to five groups. Group I (treated by 0.1mg/kg acetic acid, II-IV (treated by 0.7, 0.9 and 1 mg/kgof plantextract) , V (treated by 0.1 mg/kg morphine) and evaluated by Writhing test. The total phenol and flavonoids content was evaluated by follin-ciocalteus reagent, Ammonium chloride, the antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH method  and  serum levels of PGE2 and SOD activity measured by ELISA Kits.  According to results, the ethanol extract of plant had more content of secondary metabolites with total phenol (288.3±51.5 mg EGA/g) content, flavonoide content (154.7±1.04mg EGU/g) and the highest ability of free radicals scavenging (79.4±4.1%). There was a significant correlation between phenol- flavonoid ingredients to antioxidant activity rate and free radicals scavenging of plant (P<0.05, r<0.9) extract. High dosages of plant extract could be decreased chronic pains, in addition, serum level of PGE2 has been showed a significantly decreasing in groups treated by Ocimum basilicum extract and morphine in compared to untreated group. The serum SOD of treated groups (plant extract) was observed near to morphine group (P<0.05). Anti-inflammatory and anti-pain effects of this plant statically were observed next to morphine. It is found that steadily consumption of herbal usage, as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, could be medicated to inflammatory treatment and long-term pains instead of opioid drugs. Manuscript profile

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16 - Effect of nano chelates (iron and zinc) and nitrogen (biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer) on some morphophysiological characteristics and essential oil yield of two Basil populations
saeed fatahi siahkamari Hossein aroiee Majid Azizi ali salehi sardoei

Basil (Ocimum basillicum L.) belonging to the Lamiaceae familyis an important herbal medicinal plant that essential oils from the aerial parts of the plant have been used in food industry as an antibacterial agent and perfumery. This study was conducted in 2014 at the r More

Basil (Ocimum basillicum L.) belonging to the Lamiaceae familyis an important herbal medicinal plant that essential oils from the aerial parts of the plant have been used in food industry as an antibacterial agent and perfumery. This study was conducted in 2014 at the research farm of Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The treatments were arranged a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The experimental treatments were two basil populations including Varam in and Qaen and different amounts of macro and micro-elements in nine levels. The traits in this study included plant height, leaf length, leaf width, dry weight, number of leaves, number of sub branches, Chlorophyll a and b, Carotenoid and essential oil. The results revealed that the majority of these traits affected by experimental treatments.The result of mean comparisons were showed that the highest dry weight (77.66 g/m2) belonged toVaram in population by application of nano- zinc chelate fertilizer at 1.5 kg/h. Based on the results, the highest chlorophyll a (6.5 g/mg FW) was obtained in Qaen population using urea fertilizer at 60kg/ha. The Varam in population with 0.93 percent essential oil had a significant superiority to the Qaen population with an average of 0.77%V/W essential oil. In addition, application of nitrox in fertilizer at 3 kg/ha had the highest amount of essential oil (1. 09%). The Varam in population with 0.93% essential oil was better than Qaen population. Application of nitroxin bio fertilizer at 3 kg/ha also had the highest essential oil (1. 09%). The results of the present study showed that different treatments concentrations had different results on the measurement traits. It seems that application of nano chelate fertilizer and nitroxin bio fertilizer can be effectively used to improve soil, environment and human health and serve as a good substitute of chemical fertilizers. Manuscript profile

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17 - بررسی سطوح مختلف کادمیوم و سرب بر برخی خصوصیات فیتوشیمیایی گیاه Ocimum basilicum L. در شرایط شوری
محمد علی حسین پور حسین افشاری

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18 - بررسی اثر پرایمینگ بذر بر مولفه‌های جوانه زنی و رشد رویشی گیاه دارویی ریحان(Ocimum basilicum L.) در تنش شوری
لیلا رضائی محمد هاشم برادران سعید بختیاری

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19 - تأثیر تنش شوری بر ویژگی‌های جوانه زنی بذر گیاه ریحان
میلاد باباخانی نسترن کاظمی

10.30495/jsr.2022.1956300.1230

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20 - بررسی اثر پرایمینگ بذر بر مؤلفه‌های جوانه‌زنی و رشد رویشی ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) در تنش خشکی
محمدهاشم برادران لیلا رضائی سعید بختیاری

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21 - تأثیر پیش تیمار بذر با باکترهای محرک رشد بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی گیاه دارویی ریحان تحت تنش شوری
مهدی عقیقی شاهوردی بهنام ممیوند حجت عطایی سماق

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22 - اثر اسید سالیسیلیک بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و تغییرات بیوشیمیایی بذر ریحان (Ocimum basilicu) تحت شرایط تنش شوری
مریم نوری شهناز فتحی

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23 - Investigation on the Color and Surface Changes Kinetics of Coated Eggplant Slices with Basil Seed Mucilage During Frying process
محمدامین اسدنهال فخرالدین صالحی مجید رسولی

10.30495/jfst.2023.1920587.1694

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24 - اثر عصاره های آبی ریحان و مرزه بر زنده مانـی لاکتوباسیلوس پاراکازئی و ویژگی های فیزیکوشیمیایی ماست پروبیوتیک
زهره قلعه موسیانی رضوان پوراحمد محمدرضا اسحاقی

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25 - تاثیر استفاده از صمغ دانه ریحان و زانتان بر خواص فیزیکوشیمیایی و بافتی پنیر سفید کم چرب ایرانی
لیلا ناطقی

10.30495/jfst.2020.665332

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26 - بررسی ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی و حسی کیک اسفنجی حاوی پودر کدوحلوایی و صمغ دانه ریحان
اوشا پورمحمدی سید حسین حسینی قابوس

10.30495/jfst.2021.680649

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27 - بررسی امکان تولید ماست سین بیوتیک حاوی لاکتوباسیلوس کازیی و فیبرحاصل از ساقه ی ریحان و شوید
حسین شریعتمدار طهرانی اکرم شریفی

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28 - کاهش مقدار آکریل‌آمید و جذب روغن برش‌های سیب زمینی سرخ شده با استفاده از اثر همزمان پوشش‌دهی و قدرت آنتی اکسیدانی روغن کنجد
اکرم آریان فر زهرا کشاورز راضیه نیازمند

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29 - تأثیر افزودن صمغ دانه‌های ریحان و شاهی بر روی میزان چربی و pH کیک بدون گلوتن حاوی آرد برنج
گلناز ملا احمد زاده دستجردی سید علی مرتضوی اکرم شریفی

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30 - بررسی اثر افزودن صمغ های دانه ریحان و زانتان و تیمار فراصوت بر میزان جذب روغن و خواص کیفی ناگت مرغ
سید علی مرتضوی سپیده یوسف زاده ثانی

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31 - Investigating the possibility of using basil ethanolic extract to control Salmonella Typhimurium in mayonnaise
zahra latifi Sodabeh Moieni Jafar Mohammadzadeh Milany Tara Ghorbani Pir Shahid Parya Rahnama leila Roozbeh Nasiraie

10.30495/jfm.2022.1939586.1732

Salmonella is one of the important  food borne diseases, worldwide. Egg and meat are among the most important incriminated foods to cause salmonella infection in Iran. This study was designed to investigate possible inhibitory effects of ethanolic extract of basil More

Salmonella is one of the important  food borne diseases, worldwide. Egg and meat are among the most important incriminated foods to cause salmonella infection in Iran. This study was designed to investigate possible inhibitory effects of ethanolic extract of basil on Salmonella in mayonnaise sauce. Salmonella is killed with baking food but there is problem with foods like sauce which contain raw egg and is not used any procedure for baking them while producing. The purpose of this project was to investigate the possibility to use ethanol extract of basil to control Salmonella Typhimurium in sauce. In the study, first of all the anti-bacterial property of ethanol extract of basil was tested. So, by appearing result test for final investigation densities of extract was purposed 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75%. Then anti-bacterial property of ethanol extract of basil on growth of salmonella in mayonnaise sauce for a period of 30 days in condition of 25oc and 4oc was investigated.The results of statistical studies showed that the three concentrations studied significantly (p <0.05) compared to the control sample reduced the growth of Salmonella Typhimurium during storage and with increasing the concentration of the extract increased the antibacterial activity of the extract so that the extract Basil with a concentration of 7500 ppm was significantly lower than other treatments in most cases (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation test was performed by 5-point hedonic method and the results of sensory analysis of appearance and color in different treatments were not significantly different from each other. Regarding the flavour, texture and total acceptability of the sauce, the lowest sensory score was related to the treatment with a concentration of 0.75%. Based on the obtained results, the amount of bacteria in both temperatures decreased in all treatments and this decrease was little in the control treatment and its antibacterial activity increased with increasing the concentration of the extract. Manuscript profile

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32 - Inhibitory effect of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essence on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Rhodotorula rubra
Fareba Bakhshi hamid mirzaii نارملا آصفی

Application of natural preservatives to protect foods from microbial spoilage and to control the occurrence of foodborne pathogens has become an important issue worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) esse More

Application of natural preservatives to protect foods from microbial spoilage and to control the occurrence of foodborne pathogens has become an important issue worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essence of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Rhodotorula rubra. The basil essence was extracted by hydro-distillation using Clevenger apparatus. The components of the essence was analyzed by GC/MS. Afterwards, using micro-dilution method the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) for S. aureus, E. coli and R. rubra was estimated. Based on results, 43 various components were detected in basil essence, namely benzene (20.97%), E-citral (12.845%), Z-citral (6.137%), methyl chavicol (7.68%) and thymol (7.79%). MIC and MBC for was 0.25 mg/ml for E. coli and R. rubra, meanwhile it was estimated at 0.5 mg/ml for S. aureus. Taking into account the various components of basil essence as well as their antimicrobial properties, it was concluded that, with considering the natural properties of each food type, basil essence can be used as a food preservative.a Manuscript profile

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33 - The antimicrobial effect of basil seed mucilage-ZnO nanocomposite coating on the quality of cheddar cheese during ripening
Sahar Kheirkhah Foghara sara jafarian Shahin Zomorodi Leila Roozbeh Asghar Khosrowshahi asl

Cheddar cheese is a hard type of cheese. It is coated traditionally by a special wax. Commercial coating materials which are used for coating are non-edible as a result they are undesirable due to environmental pollution and allergies caused in some consumers. Today, bi More

Cheddar cheese is a hard type of cheese. It is coated traditionally by a special wax. Commercial coating materials which are used for coating are non-edible as a result they are undesirable due to environmental pollution and allergies caused in some consumers. Today, biodegradable films are receiving more attention. In this study, the effect of edible coating of basil seed mucilage containing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) in three levels of zero, 0.25 and 0.5% on the quality properties of cheddar cheese was investigated during ripening for 90 days. The results of experiments showed that at the end of ripening, the highest amount of salt and fat and the lowest amount of moisture were related to the sample with mucilage coating containing 0.5% of ZnO-NP. Also, during ripening, in all samples the number of non-starter lactic acid bacteria increased, but the number of starter bacteria increased first and then decreased (p < 0.01). Also, in all treatments, the total number of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas, mold and yeast increased significantly during storage, which was the lowest in samples with coating containing ZnO-NP (p < 0.01). In addition, ZnO-NP coatings prevented mold growth on the surface of cheddar cheese samples. According to the results obtained of this study, basil seed mucilage containing 0.5% ZnO-NP can be used as a coating in cheddar cheese without any adverse effect on the flavor of cheese. Manuscript profile

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34 - اثر اسید جاسمونیک بر راندمان و ترکیب شیمیایی اسانس دو نژاد بومی ریحان ایرانی (Ocimum basilicum) تحت تنش خشکی
فاطمه ملک پور اعظم سلیمی عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی

مقدمه و هدف: ریحان Ocimum basilicum یک گیاه دارویی است که به طور وسیعی در بعضی کشورها کشت می شود  و به صورت تازه و خشک شده برای افزایش عطر و طعم سالاد، سس، ماکارونی، شیرینی و سایر محصولات به کار می رود. در این پژوهش، اثر محلول پاشی اسیدجاسمونیک و کمبود آبیاری More

مقدمه و هدف: ریحان Ocimum basilicum یک گیاه دارویی است که به طور وسیعی در بعضی کشورها کشت می شود  و به صورت تازه و خشک شده برای افزایش عطر و طعم سالاد، سس، ماکارونی، شیرینی و سایر محصولات به کار می رود. در این پژوهش، اثر محلول پاشی اسیدجاسمونیک و کمبود آبیاری بر عملکرد و ترکیبات اسانس دو نژاد بومی ریحان ایرانی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق:تیمارها شامل اسیدجاسمونیک (کنترل، 200 و 400 میکرولیتر) و تنش خشکی (بدون تنش، 30 و 60 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) بود که بر اساس یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. ترکیبات اسانس حاصل از قسمت های هوایی  توسط   GC-FID و   GC/MSشناسایی گردید. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که سطوح مختلف اسید جاسمونیک و آبیاری اثر معنی داری بر عملکرد و برخی از اجزای اصلی اسانس داشت. بالاترین میزان اسانس  با تیمار 400 میکرولیتر اسید جاسمونیک به دست آمد. درصد برخی از ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس گیاهان، تحت تنش خشکی بالاتر از گیاهان بدون تنش بود. محلول پاشی اسید جاسمونیک به طور قابل توجهی میزان ترکیب متیلچاویکول را افزایش داد، اما میزان ترکیبات جرماکرنD، آلفا-کادینول، دلتا کادینن را کاهش داد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی:از آنجایی که اسانس ریحان به ویژه ترکیب متیل چاویکول در صنعت داروسازی و عطرسازی کاربرد دارد و دارای خواص درمانی نظیر خاصیت ضدویروسی، ضدباکتریایی و ضداسپاسم می باشد، می توان از الیسیتور اسیدجاسمونیک برای افزایش خصوصیات درمانی ریحان بهره جست و میزان اسانس و ترکیب متیل چاویکول را در گیاه افزایش داد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - اثر افزودن نعناع و ریحان به جیره بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه جوجه‪های گوشتی
ی. گوربوز آی.آ. اسماعیل

این پژوهش جهت یافتن اثر نعناع و ریحان به عنوان افزودنیهای طبیعی خوراک بر عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی صورت گرفت. هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر نعناع (Mentha pipreitae) و ریحان (Ocimum bacilicum) به عنوان دو افزودنی خوراکی بر وزن بدن زنده، (LBW)، افزایش وزن بدن (BWG)، مصرف More

این پژوهش جهت یافتن اثر نعناع و ریحان به عنوان افزودنیهای طبیعی خوراک بر عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی صورت گرفت. هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر نعناع (Mentha pipreitae) و ریحان (Ocimum bacilicum) به عنوان دو افزودنی خوراکی بر وزن بدن زنده، (LBW)، افزایش وزن بدن (BWG)، مصرف خوراک (FI)، ضریب تبدیل (FCR)، وزن لاشه، چربی بطنی و وزن کبد در جوجههای گوشتی بود. تعداد 210 قطعه جوجه گوشتی (سویه راس 308) انتخاب شده و در 7 تیمار (هرکدام با 30 جوجه) و سه تکرار (هرکدام با 10 جوجه) در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی توزیع شدند. تیمارها شامل صفر درصد (T1 شاهد)، 5/0 درصد (T2)، 1 درصد (T3) و 5/1 درصد نعناع و 5/0 درصد (T5)، 1 درصد (T6) و 5/1 درصد (T7) ریحان به صورت افزودنی خوراک بوده و تیمار شاهد نیز حاوی هیچ یک از دو افزودنی مزبور نبوده است. جوجهها تا 35 روزگی پرورش یافتند و خوراک و آب به صورت اختیاری در دسترس جوجهها قرار گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که میانگین LBW، BWG، FI، FCR و وزن کبد در تیمار T4 (5/1 درصد نعناع) به صورت معنیداری بالاتر از سایر گروهها بوده است. ولی اثر معنیداری بر لاشه، عملکرد لاشه و چربی بطنی مشاهده نشد. یافتههای این تحقیق نشان میدهد که تغذیه با نعناع و ریحان سبب بهبود عملکرد رشد و FCR جوجههای گوشتی میگردد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - Effect of foliar application of salicylic acid and biofertilizerson in adjustment of the effects of drought stress on some morphophysiological characteristics, dry matter yield and essential oil production of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Hamdollah Seyfi Ahmad Afkari

10.2./jpps.2023.698918

In the present study, the influence of foliar application of salicylic acid and biofertilizers on modulating the effects of drought stress on some morphophysiological characteristics, dry matter yield and essential oil production of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) was inves More

In the present study, the influence of foliar application of salicylic acid and biofertilizers on modulating the effects of drought stress on some morphophysiological characteristics, dry matter yield and essential oil production of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) was investigated using a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design in triplicate within the 2019 in Hurand . Experimental treatments included three levels of drought stress (70, 140 and 210 mm of evaporation from Class A evaporation pan) as the first factor, seed inoculation with bacteria at five levels (no inoculation as control, inoculation with Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, Azospirillum and co-inoculation with Azotobacter, Pseudomonas and Azospirillum) as the second factor and salicylic acid foliar application at four levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM) as the third factor. .The results of this study showed that the drought stress had an important role in reducing the basic factors in basil growth. The results showed that with increasing the intensity of drought stress, the proline content increased. So that the highest proline content (1.69 μM/g fresh weight) were obtained from the treatment of 210-mm evaporation. Based on the results obtained in this experiment can be expressed, the use of salicylic acid at a concentration of 1.5 mM and the co-inoculation of bacteria play a role in relieving the negative effects of drought stress and their administration can effectively increase the quantitative and qualitative properties of the basil. Manuscript profile

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37 - تجزیه و تحلیل و مدل‌سازی عملکرد، انتشارات CO2 و میزان انرژی برای تولید ریحان در ایران با استفاده از شبکه‌های عصبی مصنوعی
سجاد رستمی سمیه چوبین بهرام حسین‌زاده سامانی زهرا اسمعیلی حماد ذرعی‌فروش

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی رابطه بین انرژی‌های ورودی و عملکرد تولید ریحان گلخانه‌ای و همچنین گازهای گلخانه‌ای انتشار یافته از این محصول انجام شد. داده‌ها از24 گلخانه به روش پرسشنامه‌ای و بصورت چهره به چهره با کشاورزان جمعآوری گردید. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه More

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی رابطه بین انرژی‌های ورودی و عملکرد تولید ریحان گلخانه‌ای و همچنین گازهای گلخانه‌ای انتشار یافته از این محصول انجام شد. داده‌ها از24 گلخانه به روش پرسشنامه‌ای و بصورت چهره به چهره با کشاورزان جمعآوری گردید. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه نشان داد که انرژی ورودی کل 119852.9مگاژول بر هکتار وانرژی خروجی کل 61040مگاژول بر هکتار می‌باشد. بالاترین سهم از مصرف انرژی مربوط به الکتریسیته با 52200 مگاژول برهکتار و به دنبال آن پلاستیک با 23220 مگاژول بر هکتار و کودهای شیمیایی با 13894مگاژول بر هکتار قرار گرفتند. شاخص نسبت انرژی و بهره‌وری به ترتیب 45/. و21/. محاسبه شد که هر دو نشان می‌دهند کارایی انرژی در بخش کشاورزی پایین می‌باشد همچنین انرژی خالص 72706.9- برآورد شد و کل گازهای گلخانه‌ای منتشر شده از تولید ریحان  9595.6کیلوگرم معادل  Co2 محاسبه شد. بیشترین انتشار گاز‌های گلخانه‌ای در این مطالعه مربوط به الکتریسیته با 2.216کیلوگرم معادل  Co2بود. نتایج مدلسازی ثابت کرد که شبکه‌های عصبی مصنوعی می‌تواند عملکرد ریحان و انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ایCo2 با درجه بالایی از دقت و صحت R2=0.99)  و(MSE= 0.00023 پیش‌بینی کند. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Effect of seed priming on germination characteristics and some antioxidant enzymes activity of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under drought stress conditions
Ahmad Afkari

Seed pre-treatment technique has been introduced as a germination and establishment enhancer under environmental stress. In order to study the effects of priming on germination characteristics growth and some antioxidant enzymes activity of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) u More

Seed pre-treatment technique has been introduced as a germination and establishment enhancer under environmental stress. In order to study the effects of priming on germination characteristics growth and some antioxidant enzymes activity of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under drought stress conditions, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with four replications, at the physiology lab of the Islamic Azad University of Ardebil in 2013 was carried out. Experimental treatments include drought stress at four levels (0, -4, -8 and -12 bar) and three pre-treatments including potassium nitrate with concentrations of 1% and 2%, water as hydro priming and control treatment. The results showed that the effect of drought stress and priming on germination components and antioxidant enzymes was significant. The results showed that drought stress reduced the percentage of germination, pace of germination, rootlet length, seedling length and increased activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes. The results of the comparison of mean interactions of drought stress and priming showed that the maximum activity of Antioxidant enzymes were obtained by pre-treatment of potassium nitrate with a concentration of 1% in a -12 bar drought level. In general, it can be concluded that basil seed pre-treatment with 1% potassium nitrate improves the basil germination parameters under drought stress conditions and increased the tolerance of basil plant to drought stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the germination stage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Effect of Drought Stress on Some Morphological Characteristics and Essential Oil Production Levels of Ocimum basilicum in Different Stages of Growth and Development
Mahin Ghaemi zahra zare Yar Mohammad Nasiri

Ocimum basilicum L.from Lamiaceae is used as a herb, spice and fresh vegetable. Since medicinal plants have different reactions to drought stress in the production of effective compounds, Diagnosis of medicinal plants growth under different irrigation conditions and dro More

Ocimum basilicum L.from Lamiaceae is used as a herb, spice and fresh vegetable. Since medicinal plants have different reactions to drought stress in the production of effective compounds, Diagnosis of medicinal plants growth under different irrigation conditions and drought stress can be a guide for growing plants in dry and low water conditions. Therefore, in order to evaluate the effect of drought stress on morphological characteristics and essential oil content, especially linalool, in different stages of plant growth of Basil plant, a completely randomized factorial design was carried out in 3 replications. The experimental treatments included three levels of dryness (no stress, mild stress and severe stress) in potted conditions, in vegetative, pre-flowering, flowering and fruit-growing stages. The results showed that drought stress had a significant effect on evaluated characteristics. So, with decreasing of soil moisture content, plant height, number and leaf area, decreased in all stages of growth and Stem diameter increased at all stages, especially in severe stress and root length, increased during flowering stage. In reproductive stages, drought stress caused a significant reduction in the number of flowers than the control. Extreme stress in flowering and fruiting stages has had decrease in the amount of essential oil production, especially linalool. However, mild stress showed increase in the production of these compounds in both steps. The highest percentage of essential oil was related to mild drought stress at flowering stage and the highest amount of linalool was due to mild drought stress in the fruiting stage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - Study of the effect one strain of Azospirillum spp on the changes of essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. Affected by drought stress
Reza Dehghani Bidgoli

10.30495/jdb.2021.683734

Recognition of environmental factors has an important role in the success of medicinal plants cultivation. Growth-promoting bacteria, through their effects on biosynthesis cycles, cause changes in plant products. In ord levels of control (field capacity), 20% FC, 40% FC More

Recognition of environmental factors has an important role in the success of medicinal plants cultivation. Growth-promoting bacteria, through their effects on biosynthesis cycles, cause changes in plant products. In ord levels of control (field capacity), 20% FC, 40% FC, 60% FC and 80% FC. Characteristics such as plant height, , number of leaves, leaf area fresh and dry weight of the shoot, as well as essential oil percentage and and analyzed by GC/MS yield were measured. The results showed with increasing the drought stress the growth and yield in basis decreased. But inoculation of plants with PGPR increased the growth under drought stress conditions and improved the plant performance in such conditions. The highest fresh and dry weight of shoot was in inoculated plants and irrigation control (FC) treatment and the least amount of these traits were obtained in non-inoculated plants and 20% FC treatment, these traits were reduced by 50% and 70%, respectively, compared to plants inoculated with bacteria and FC irrigation. Also, the highest percentage of basil essential oil was obtained in bacteria inoculated plants and 40% FC treatment. The highest yield of essential oil was observed in the control treatment and the effect of the bacteria was not observed. The use of growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can improve the production of medicinal plants in environmental stresses such as drought stress and greatly repair the effects of this stress. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - Morpho-Physiological responses of greenhouse Grown Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Cultivars to different levels of Salt Stress
reyhane abdoli thoghroljerdi amin baghizadeh Mehdi Rahimi

Basil is a medicinal herb and also a vegetable. Water and soil salinity is one of the major non-living stresses that reduce the growth and productivity of agricultural products all over the world. More than 800 million hectares of land around the world are saline and al More

Basil is a medicinal herb and also a vegetable. Water and soil salinity is one of the major non-living stresses that reduce the growth and productivity of agricultural products all over the world. More than 800 million hectares of land around the world are saline and alkaline. In this experiment, five genotypes of basil (Iranian purple, black, ablaq, green and fiery red) were used as a split plot based on a completely random design with three replications, the main factor of which is salt stress at three levels (normal, medium stress and severe stress). and sub-factor including genotype (5 levels) were studied in pots and under greenhouse conditions in the crop year of 2023 in Kerman University of Advanced Education. The results showed that all the basil cultivars had the ability to withstand the salinity stress of 75 mM sodium chloride (moderate stress) and the values of vegetative and physiological characteristics were slightly reduced compared to the control treatment in such a way that no significant difference was observed in many cases. Application of salinity stress with the intensity of 135 mM sodium chloride (severe stress) caused the vegetative and physiological characteristics of all basil cultivars to decrease significantly and also at this stress level, the fiery basil cultivar was completely destroyed. In general, it can be stated that the basil cultivars used are highly sensitive to the level of more than 75 mM of salinity stress, and under salinity conditions, their vegetative and physiological characteristics are significantly reduced. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Evaluation the Antifungal Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of Petroselinum crispum, Acimum basilicum, Anethum graveolens, Mentha viridis on Aspergillus parasiticus
Fatemeh Noorbakhsh Sassan Rezaie Marjan Arab

Background and objective: In this study, the antifungal effects of the extracted oil of Petroselinum crispum, Acimum basilicum, Anethum graveolens, Mentha viridis on Aspergilus parasiticus ATCC 15517 was evaluated. Also, the chemical compositions of the vegetables were More

Background and objective: In this study, the antifungal effects of the extracted oil of Petroselinum crispum, Acimum basilicum, Anethum graveolens, Mentha viridis on Aspergilus parasiticus ATCC 15517 was evaluated. Also, the chemical compositions of the vegetables were determined.  Materials and methods: The essential oils were obtained using hydrodestillation of  dried plant material. Their compositions and Minimum inhibitory concenteration (MIC) were determined by GC-MS and serial dilution method, respectively. Results: The main component of the essential oils was detected as follow: Mentha viridis: Benzen bromophenoxy-methyl dimethyl, Acimum basilicum: Ethyldecaborane, Anethum graveolens:Decarbadecaborane- dimethyl and Petroselinum crispum: Methyl anthracene. Minimum Inhibitory concenteration of the essential oils determined by serial dilution method. MIC for Mentha viridis, Anethum graveolens, Acimum basilicum, Petroselinum crispum were 1.5,1.5,3 and 4 µl/ml, respectively. The antifungal power of assayed essential oils was different, depending on their concentration. This effect in Mentha viridis and Anethum graveolens was identical and stronger than two others.  Conclusion: These results indicate that the mentioned essential oils had great antifungal activities and could be used as preservatives and fungicides in food in order to preventing of food pollution. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Effect of Different amounts of Urea Fertilizer on Yield and Nitrate Accumulation in Edible Parts of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Gholamreza Moafpourian mohammad saeed tadayon

AbstractIn order to survey on the effect of urea fertilizer on yield and nitrate accumulation in edible parts of basil, an experiment was conducted in Fars agricultural and natural resource research and educational center as randomized complete blocks design with 4 repl More

AbstractIn order to survey on the effect of urea fertilizer on yield and nitrate accumulation in edible parts of basil, an experiment was conducted in Fars agricultural and natural resource research and educational center as randomized complete blocks design with 4 replication in 2014. Experimental treatments contain: without nitrogen consumption (control, N0), consuming 50 (N50), 100 (N100), 150 (N150) and 200 (N200) kg N.ha-1 from urea fertilizer. The results showed that the effects of urea on nitrate accumulation in basil were significant. A highly significant difference between nitrate accumulation in the morning and in the evening harvesting time of basil leaf blade samples were observed, so that the amount of nitrate in the morning harvested samples were higher than the same sample in the evening. Application of 50 kg N.ha-1 (110 kg urea fertilizer) was showed the highest crop yield equal to 0.95 kg.ha-1 with lover nitrate accumulation as amount as 177.8 mg.kg-1 in dry weight. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - Essential oil percent and essential oil yield of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) changes affected by nitrogen, magnesium and manganese amounts
A. R. Pazoki M. Ghazi Pirkouhi A. H. Shirani Rad M. Bigdeli D. Habibi

In order to study the essential oil precent and essential oil yield of basil (Ocimum Basilicum L.) changes affected by nitrogen, magnesium and manganese amounts, this experiment carried out in spring and summer 2008 in Islamic Azad University takestan branch research fa More

In order to study the essential oil precent and essential oil yield of basil (Ocimum Basilicum L.) changes affected by nitrogen, magnesium and manganese amounts, this experiment carried out in spring and summer 2008 in Islamic Azad University takestan branch research farm. The experimental design was split factorial in the basis of randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications . The experimental factors included nintrogen application in 4 levels 0, 50, 100 and 150  kg /ha as main factor and magnesiumand manganesefoliar application  in 2 levels 0 and 1/2 kg/ha in the form factorial design as subfactor. Simple effect of factors showed that, 150 Kg/ha nitrogen application with % 0/32 and 41.98 Kg/ha, 1.2 Kg/ha magnesium foliar application with % 0.39 and 52.67 Kg/ha and 1/2 Kg/ha manganese spraying with % 0.36 and 47/06 Kg/ha produced maximum amounts of essential oil precent and essential oil yield in basil. Highest essential oil precent (% 0.51) and essential oil yield(72.6 Kg/ha) of basil gained in 150 kg/ha and 1.2 kg/ha. Tripple interaction effect indicated that, 150 Kg/ha nitrogen soil application and 1.2 Kg/ha magnesiumand manganese foliar application caused highest essential oil precent(% 0.55) and essential oil yield (79.70 Kg/ha) alternatively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - Effects of Nitrogen and Tillage practices on oil yield and yield components of different Rape seed(Brassica napus) cultivars
pooria mazloom

Brassica napus is the second most important oilseed crop in the world. Today, conventional tillage methods are considered more than reduced tillage methods .To investigate effects of nitrogen and tillage practices on oil yield and yield components of different Rape seed More

Brassica napus is the second most important oilseed crop in the world. Today, conventional tillage methods are considered more than reduced tillage methods .To investigate effects of nitrogen and tillage practices on oil yield and yield components of different Rape seed in 2018, a research field was conducted in the‌ damavand agricultural research center, The experimental was conducted a factorial using randomized complete block design with three replication. The factors were three levels of nitrogen fertilizers : N1= application of 50 kg/ha , N2= application of 100 kg/ha , N3 application of 150 kg/ha of nitrogen with two levels of varieties : V1= Olpro and V3= Elvis and three of tillage practices : NT= No-Tillage , MT= Minimum-Tillage, CT= Conventional Tillage . Comparing the average effect =, results showed that most of the phenological stages such as pod number in plant per plant, seed number in pod, 1000 seed weight, oil yield/ha and seed yield. Results showed that Elvis with mean seed yield 4878 kg/ha and conventional tillage with mean oil yield of 1128 kg/ha had superior.Nitrogen 100 kg with mean oil yield with mean 831kg/ha had superior to oil yield. Seed yield/ha and oil yield/ha were higher than other levels of Interaction of T3V2N2 and interaction on NT, VT, VN and VNT on seed yield had significant difference at the %5 level which indicates better performance in Elvis cultivar and conventional tillage Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - Effect of plant density, nitrogen fertilizer and sowing date on the yield and chemical composition of essential oil of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
حخخقهش ئشظمخخئ

Sweet basil is one of the most widespread spices in the world. leaves are used commonly as a flavoring in many food products.This experiment was carried out in research farm of damavand in 2019. Evaluate effect of plant density, nitrogen fertilizer and sowing date on yi More

Sweet basil is one of the most widespread spices in the world. leaves are used commonly as a flavoring in many food products.This experiment was carried out in research farm of damavand in 2019. Evaluate effect of plant density, nitrogen fertilizer and sowing date on yield and chemical composition of essential oil of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) .The experimental was conducted a factorial using randomized compelet block design with four replication.The factors were three levels of nitrogen fertilizers: N1= 50 kg/ha, N2= 100 kg/ha, N3= 150 kg/ha and three levels of plant densities:P1=5 cm, P2= 10 cm, P3= 15 cm with two sowing date:S1= 25 April, S2= 10 May.In this evaluation, most stage of plant phonology such as plant height, number of leaf, plant dry weight, leaf of stem, leaf area index, yield of essential oil and percentage of methyl chavicol were measured. The results showed that plant height mean with application of 50 kg/ha had superior point and interaction of N3P2S1 was higher than other levels in plant dry weight on the first and second cutting,, yield of essential oil on the interaction NS had significant at the 1 % level on the first and second cutting and leaf area index were significant on the intraction of PS and NSP on the first and second cutting %5 level which indicates better performance in nitrogen of 150 kg/ha, plant densities of 15 cm and sowing date of 25 April on the first and second cutting. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - Study of foliar application sodium nitroprusside on quality and quantity characteristics of basil medicinal plant under different levels cadmium of soil.
mahsa Vafaei meysam Oveisi mohamad Nasri

To investigate the effect of different levels of sodium nitroprusside and cadmium on green basil cultivar, a pot experiment was conducted in the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva Branch in 2017 as a factorial experiment in a completely rand More

To investigate the effect of different levels of sodium nitroprusside and cadmium on green basil cultivar, a pot experiment was conducted in the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva Branch in 2017 as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Experimental treatments include: three levels of sodium nitroprusside foliar application at the rate of: zero (control of pure water foliar application) (N1),50μM (N2), 100 μM (N3) and four levels of cadmium in the amount of: Zero (control) (C1), 10 ml ‌ G / kg soil (C2), 20 mg/kg soil (C3) and, 30 mg / kg soil (C4). The results showed that the interaction effects of the treatments on the studied traits were significant. With increasing cadmium, the amount of leaf chlorophyll decreased and finally the rate of assimilation decreased and the leaf weight decreased. The highest plant height, leaf dry weight per plant, essential oil percentage and essential oil yield, methyl cavicol percentage were achived from 100 μM sodium nitroxide and control (N3*C1) treatment and the lowest plant height, leaf dry weight were obtained. In plant, cytoplasmic membrane stability, essential oil percentage and essential oil yield were obtained from control treatment (spraying with pure water) and application of 30 mg / kg cadmium in soil (N4*C4). The results showed that the negative effects of cadmium stress were largely eliminated by the use of sodium nitroxide Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - The effect of irrigation intervals and different nitrogen levels on yield and yield components of Basil medicinal plant (Ocimum basilicum L.)
H. Nazemi Esfand Abad A.A. Tajalli S.M. Hosseini Mazinani

 This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of irrigation intervals anddifferent levels of nitrogen on the quantitative and qualitative yield of the physiological andagronomic characteristics of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in the research farm o More

 This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of irrigation intervals anddifferent levels of nitrogen on the quantitative and qualitative yield of the physiological andagronomic characteristics of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in the research farm of IslamicAzad University, Yadgar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey branch. The experiment wasbased on split plots based on completely randomized blocks design with 3 replications. Theexperimental treatments included three levels of irrigation (4, 7, and 10 days) as the mainfactor and different levels of nitrogen (0, 70, 100 and 130 kg/ha) were considered assecondary factors. The traits of plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, mean leafarea and dry matter yield were investigated. The results showed that except for the number ofsub-branches in the plant, the difference between different levels of irrigation intervals andnitrogen amounts were significant for all evaluated traits.The highest dry matter yield was related to the treatment combination of irrigating every 4 or7 days and 100 kg of nitrogen per hectare consumption.  Manuscript profile

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