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Open Access Article
1 - Model of implementation of anti-corruption policies in Iran's administrative system
احمد ابوالحسنی رنجبر شکیبا الصاقThe present study is qualitative and uses grounded theory aiming to provide a model for implementing anti-corruption policies in Iran's administrative system. Or this purpose, 14 experts are interviewed. The result of these interviews is a set of basic themes that are g MoreThe present study is qualitative and uses grounded theory aiming to provide a model for implementing anti-corruption policies in Iran's administrative system. Or this purpose, 14 experts are interviewed. The result of these interviews is a set of basic themes that are gathered through the open coding process and categories are extracted from them; then, in the axial coding step, the link between these categories as: causative conditions, axial phenomenon, underlying factors, interventional conditions, strategies and consequences of coping with administrative corruption is determined in the form of axial coding paradigm. Further, in the selected coding stage, the theorems are presented. The results show that the causal conditions affecting the implementation of anti-corruption policies are divided into twelve cases. Identified interventions are divided into ten general categories. The identified underlying factors are: social, economic, political, and administrative. The strategies are proposed. Finally, the identified consequences are: respect for the client and increasing public satisfaction with government services, improving administrative health and reducing corruption, protecting and safeguarding people's rights, increasing accountability and public confidence, reducing public service costs and improving their quality, meritocracy, accountability and promotion of the satisfaction of government agents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Impact of State Decentralization on Reducing Administrative Corruption with Mediator Role of the Establishment of Electronic State (Case Study: State Organizations of West Azerbaijan Province)
Sasan Tabehafshar Masoud GhahremaniBackground: Corruption is a major dilemma in public administration of many countries. the application of information technology and electronic state establishment, clarifying and reducing administrative corruption in organizations. Purpose: investigate the impact of sta MoreBackground: Corruption is a major dilemma in public administration of many countries. the application of information technology and electronic state establishment, clarifying and reducing administrative corruption in organizations. Purpose: investigate the impact of state decentralization on reducing administrative corruption by mediator role of electronic state establishment in west azerbaijan province public administration. Method: applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive nature is survey and correlation research. The statistical population 63079 people of stste organizations of West Azerbaijan Province. Using Cochran's formula and randomized stratified sampling method, 382 people were selected. the Pintrich and Derabalai state decentralization Questionnaire (1392) with a reliability coefficient of 0.85, the electronic state questionnaire of Rezai Kia (1392) 0.81, administrative Corruption by Sharife and Zhang (2009) 0.9 was used. the content validity of the questionnaires has already been approved by the experts. Findings: the decentralization of state on establishment of electronic state, establishment of electronic state on the reduction of administrative corruption, and decentralization of state on the reduction of administrative corruption has a positive effect. Conclusion: general conclusions show the impact of state decentralization by establishment of electronic state on the reduction of corruption in the state organizations of West Azerbaijan province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Fuzzy Inference System Predictor of Good Governance against Administrative Corruption
Hamed Rahmani Morteza Mousakhani Gholamreza Memarzade TehranToday, the term ' corruption ' can be found in many news headlines. Increasing of corruption in organizations and other institutions can be recognized only with reference to the press and a variety of mass media. Recently announced the corruption perception index, Iran MoreToday, the term ' corruption ' can be found in many news headlines. Increasing of corruption in organizations and other institutions can be recognized only with reference to the press and a variety of mass media. Recently announced the corruption perception index, Iran was among the countries with high corruption. This study follows an extensive review of previous research literature to create a comprehensive model for measuring administrative corruption and the definitions of fuzzy sets of factors affecting administrative corruption has been used here, including predictive variables of good governance in the world bank; the right to comment and accountability; political stability and absence of violence; government effectiveness; regulatory quality and rule of law. In this study, all the different dimensions of good governance against corruption were considered as input of fuzzy inference system and administrative corruption was used as an output. After that, membership functions and fuzzy rules, a fuzzy inference system measuring administrative corruption was designed using good governance indices. At the end, the outgoing model was compared with the Experts' opinion. In this study, the rule writing was created, using the comment of five university professors. The results indicated that the results of the Experts' opinion and those of fuzzy inference sustem were close, which indicates the validity of the system. It can be concluded that one of the main reason for this validation, is the identification of appropriate metrics to predict. In this study these metrics were obtained from the World Bank. The results revealed that the index of the rule of law in governance has a significant influence on the model output which shows the reduction of administrative corruption and by its increasing and decreasing, the level of anticipated corruption in the organization increases and decreases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The role of E-procurement systems in the anti-corruption
Mahsa Salehi Saeed ZarandiGovernments have decided to take an action to reduce the occurrence of corruption in agencies due to the high frequency of such phenomenon. State bids are known to be one of the most precarious economical practices that trigger widespread governmental corruption. Creati MoreGovernments have decided to take an action to reduce the occurrence of corruption in agencies due to the high frequency of such phenomenon. State bids are known to be one of the most precarious economical practices that trigger widespread governmental corruption. Creating E-procurement systems in an electronic government platform has been presents by many countries as a solution. Their experience shows that designing and creating of such systems through reduction of human interferences and leverage of security and supervision on web-based communication networks can substantially reduce the corruption and in turn increase the transparency and accountability of governments in commercial transactions and economical activities of administrative entities. In this paper the effect of bidshas been discussed as one of the main causes of corruption. Also, by looking at E-procurement systems in other countries, a system has been proposed that can be adapted to the needs of the administrative entities of Iran so as to reduce the occurrence of corruption in government practices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Effects of the spread of corruption on earth to economic crimes based on the specific characteristics of these crimes
Ali Asadi Amir Mohammad Sedighiyan Ali Zare MehrjerdiEconomic crime is one of the new concepts of modern society, which in terms of its threats to the stability and security of societies, traditions and values of democracy, moral values and justice, sustainable development and the rule of law, has become increasingly worr MoreEconomic crime is one of the new concepts of modern society, which in terms of its threats to the stability and security of societies, traditions and values of democracy, moral values and justice, sustainable development and the rule of law, has become increasingly worrying. A.A. has considered such crimes as a major example of corruption on earth earth, economic crime, civil rights, repression, criminal law. Knowing the specific characteristics of such crimes in terms of the act committed, their contexts, scale, specific characteristics of the perpetrators, as well as their victimology, is a necessary condition for adopting a prudent criminal strategy against them. The criminalization of widespread disruption of the country's economic system is cited as an example of corruption on earth in Article 286 of the Islamic Penal Code adopted in 2013. The present descriptive-analytical study shows the lack of proportionality between the effects on the legislator's adopted approach and the nature of economic crimes; Despite the professionalism of the perpetrators of economic crimes and their use of complex methods, the approach adopted by the legislature is not capable of criminal deterrence; Consequences such as violations of economic rights and citizenship and criminal repression are also inconsistent with the nature of economic crimes. It seems that a deliberate confrontation with economic crimes, more than anything else, instead of resorting to the most severe criminal repressive tools, requires a differential approach to the investigation, as well as anticipation and application of various criminal, administrative, civil and correctional executions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Comparing Impact of Administrative Corruption on Economic Growth in Developing Countries
Mehdi Taghavi Hashem Nikoomaram Sedigheh Tootian -
Open Access Article
7 - The relationship between banks’ financial corruptions news and banks’ stock price and subsidiaries firms
zahra dianati dalami Ahmad HeshmatiFinancial corruption has a profound effect on economic growth, the optimal allocation of resources and active decision-makers of the capital market. The main purpose of the present research is to investigate the relationship between the publication of financial corrupti MoreFinancial corruption has a profound effect on economic growth, the optimal allocation of resources and active decision-makers of the capital market. The main purpose of the present research is to investigate the relationship between the publication of financial corruption news on stock prices of banks and their affiliated companies. In order to collect data, the library method and the historical information in the stock exchange library and stock trading prices at the TSETMC site were used during the period from the beginning of 2011 to the end of 2017. The hypothesis test has been used in 14 news stories using the paired comparison test method for 25 banks and 17 companies that have been admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange or OTC in Iran. The results of the research indicate that there is no significant relationship between the publication of financial corruption news and stock prices of the respective banks, also this relationship has been no significant in relation to the stock prices of subsidiaries of banks and other banks accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange or OTC in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Understanding corruption from the perspective of young people Case study: Ardabil province
Robabe Aslani samad rasoolzadeh agdam Mehrdad MohammadianPerception of corruption means the perception and attitude of people in the society towards the state of corruption and its examples. The concept of corruption, like other social concepts, is historical and conditional and is defined and understood in different ways ove MorePerception of corruption means the perception and attitude of people in the society towards the state of corruption and its examples. The concept of corruption, like other social concepts, is historical and conditional and is defined and understood in different ways over time and among discourse contexts. Since discourse is the creator of reality, with the way people speak and write, it is possible to give meaning to social realities and to discover the perspective of people towards social phenomena, including corruption.This study was conducted with the aim of deeply understanding the perceived corruption in the understanding of the youth of Ardabil province using content analysis method. The sampling method is purposeful. The semi-structured interviews with 12 youths of Ardabil province continued until theoretical saturation. Also, the data analysis method with textual data entry into MAXQDA software in three stages: And text interpretation, 3- merging and re-integrating the text was done. The results of data analysis showed; The youth of Ardabil province define the theme of perceived corruption with three themes: 1- cognitive, 2- emotional, 3- behavioral. From the perspective of young people, positive judgments and judgments about the process and the fight against the spread of corruption lead to the development of trust and social justice, and a negative attitude towards it leads to a decline in social capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Understanding corruption from the perspective of young people Case study: Ardabil province
Robabe Aslani samad rasoolzadeh agdam Mehrdad MohammadianPerception of corruption means the perception and attitude of people in the society towards the state of corruption and its examples. The concept of corruption, like other social concepts, is historical and conditional and is defined and understood in different ways ove MorePerception of corruption means the perception and attitude of people in the society towards the state of corruption and its examples. The concept of corruption, like other social concepts, is historical and conditional and is defined and understood in different ways over time and among discourse contexts. Since discourse is the creator of reality, with the way people speak and write, it is possible to give meaning to social realities and to discover the perspective of people towards social phenomena, including corruption. This study was conducted with the aim of deeply understanding the perceived corruption in the understanding of the youth of Ardabil province using content analysis method. The sampling method is purposeful. The semi-structured interviews with 12 youths of Ardabil province continued until theoretical saturation. Also, the data analysis method with textual data entry into MAXQDA software in three stages: And text interpretation, 3- merging and re-integrating the text was done. The results of data analysis showed; The youth of Ardabil province define the theme of perceived corruption with three themes: 1- cognitive, 2- emotional, 3- behavioral. From the perspective of young people, positive judgments and judgments about the process and the fight against the spread of corruption lead to the development of trust and social justice, and a negative attitude towards it leads to a decline in social capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Analyzing Class Differences Motifs in the 1350s Press: A Case Study of Abu al-Qasim Hālat
Zahra Nowruzi Seyyed Babak FarzanehWith the publication of newspapers, a new branch, the press satire, is separated from literary satire. Press satire changes depend on political, social, and cultural developments; it is unstable and sometimes even interrupts. Iran in 1350s has been one of the most troub MoreWith the publication of newspapers, a new branch, the press satire, is separated from literary satire. Press satire changes depend on political, social, and cultural developments; it is unstable and sometimes even interrupts. Iran in 1350s has been one of the most troubled Third World countries in terms of unequal distribution of incomes. This article aims to study the patterns of class differences in Iranian society in the 1350s and to study the press activities of Abu al-Qasim Hālat at that time. This descriptive-analytic study extracts and analyzes the satirical poetry of Abu al-Qāsim Hālat from that period press. The findings of the study show that Abu al-Qāsim Hālat by use of simple words and slangs deals with issues such as the problems of the people and society, social inequality, criticism of the tyranny imposed on the society, promoting relationships on standards, class distances and promoting corruption through which he paved the way of reformation in the society. With his humorous criticism he played a role in transformation of the social and cultural situation of Iranian society in the 1350s. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - SDC-causing Error Detection and Mitigation Based on Failure rate Prediction without Fault Injection
Moona Yakhchi Mahdi Fazeli Seyed Amir Asghari ToochaiIntroduction: Reducing the size of processing components and increasing the probability of failure even in ordinary components maintaining reliability has become a serious challenge of today’s computer systems. The soft errors can lead to silent data corruption wh MoreIntroduction: Reducing the size of processing components and increasing the probability of failure even in ordinary components maintaining reliability has become a serious challenge of today’s computer systems. The soft errors can lead to silent data corruption which seriously compromises the reliability of a system. The Silent data corruption is a fault that affects running software and leads to incorrect output. Detecting silent data corruption needed a profile of the instructions causing the silent data corruption to decide which instructions to be protected. Current approaches by machine learning algorithms predict the occurrence rate of silent data corruption for each instruction. While most of the existing algorithms suffer from inaccuracy. Most current detection techniques require sufficient data from fault injection for training, which is difficult to achieve due to high resource consumption, such as execution time and code size costs. However, as technology is downscaling toward Nano-scale sizes, multiple-bit soft errors are emerging as an important reliability challenge. Therefore, identifying and determining vulnerable points in the presence of fault has so important.Method: Traditional solutions based on redundancies are very expensive in terms of chip area, energy consumption, and performance. Consequently, providing low cost and efficient approaches to cope with SDCs has received researchers’ attention more than ever. Hence the lack of a high-precision method without fault injection becomes a research challenge. Utilizing fault injection methods in complex systems is costly; therefore, in identifying silent data corruptions, a method based on machine learning algorithm is used, which is not necessary to inject fault in all software. Multi-bit faults and silent data corruptions with instruction sources are also considered. For this goal, we have proposed the M5rule decision tree model to detect the silent data corruption error by calculating the importance of the instruction feature for the vulnerability. Then we have used the error detection method by copying the critical instructions with sort.Results: Finally, we evaluated our model on Mibench benchmarks with multiple test programs. The results show an overhead of 58 % with data silent corruption coverage rate of about 99%.Discussion: In order that we not only did the single-bit fault consider but also multiple-bit fault. In addition, fault had been injected into instruction and data. Consequently, the evaluation results show that our method achieves a better detection accuracy compared to other state-of-the-art methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Money laundering in sport is evidence of hidden corruption; the need to provide solutions to prevent it
Taha Razmara Nariman Fakheri Ramin Poursaid PoursaidOne of the most important examples of corruption; Money laundering is a criminal phenomenon. And the field of sports because of the desire of people to play a role, popularity, public interest and investment in it; It is a good breeding ground for the spread of this hid MoreOne of the most important examples of corruption; Money laundering is a criminal phenomenon. And the field of sports because of the desire of people to play a role, popularity, public interest and investment in it; It is a good breeding ground for the spread of this hidden corruption (money laundering). The research method was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-correlational nature which was performed by field method. Data were collected using a version of a semi-standard questionnaire whose face validity and content were determined by experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The statistical population of the study consisted of official experts in the field of sports and members of the National Sports Law Association. 160 samples were selected by simple random sampling. Software packages (SPSS) and (Excel) were used to process and analyze the data. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there is a significant relationship between all independent and dependent components. Also, using the Friedman ranking test, the dimension (customer suspicious transaction report) with the rank (4.85) and the average (19.98) and the dimension (training of employees of sports organizations) with the rank (1.23) and the average (6.413), respectively, have the most and the least effect. (Importance) in preventing the crime of money laundering. Therefore, it seems that a combination of all the variables used is appropriate to prevent money laundering in sports organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Criticism of the rational arguments for the necessity of calling to Shiism
Mostafa Khodadadnejad Rouhollah KhodadadiInviting non-Shiites to the Shiite religion as one of the duties that is concentrated in the minds of the general Shiites, has a ruling from the obligatory Shari'a rulings. There are two types of narrations on the issue of permissibility or non-permissibility of ca MoreInviting non-Shiites to the Shiite religion as one of the duties that is concentrated in the minds of the general Shiites, has a ruling from the obligatory Shari'a rulings. There are two types of narrations on the issue of permissibility or non-permissibility of calling to Shiism. Most of these narrations forbid calling to Shiism. But regardless of the narrations in this chapter, is it possible to make a rational argument to prove the necessity of calling to Shiism? The purpose of this research is to criticize and examine the intellectual grounds for proving the necessity of calling to Shiism. In this article, the researcher has explored the rational aspects that can be proposed to prove the necessity of calling to Shiism with a descriptive-analytical method. From the analysis of the data, it was concluded that calling to Shiism is an example of corruption; And tin, the material of corruption, is intellectually good, and this intellectual good is connected with the Islamic obligation. Other issues that can be raised in this issue were disputed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Organizational processes effective in creating financial corruption
seyyed shahabeddin mostafavinejad Kheirollah Parvin emran naimiFinancial corruption, which creates a class divide and reduces public trust, is one of the problems that various factors have an impact on. In this research, some of the most important organizational processes, including the recruitment process of employees, lack of pre MoreFinancial corruption, which creates a class divide and reduces public trust, is one of the problems that various factors have an impact on. In this research, some of the most important organizational processes, including the recruitment process of employees, lack of prevention of financial corruption, lack of attention to organizational culture, and the weakness of supervisory authorities, have been taken into consideration And the aim is to identify the basis of financial corruption And as a result, she prevented it from happening. The question that can be raised is how organizational processes can lead to financial corruption.? In response to the mentioned question, it was said in a descriptive and analytical way If their requirements are not paid attention to in organizational processes, the creation of financial corruption in executive organizations will be facilitated. In order to eliminate corrupt organizational procedures, it is necessary to pay attention to some points, including: The principle of equal opportunities and consolidation of employment laws in a special law with minimal exceptions, Using legal capacities such as the law on promoting administrative health and combating corruption to prevent financial corruption by eliminating its shortcomings in the field of supporting corruption reporters, Promotion of organizational culture by paying attention to codes of conduct And finally, solving the defects of the selection regulatory bodies and administrative violations In the field of monitoring the selection of all employees on a periodic basis and redesigning the institution of administrative violations and its definition under the presidential legal vice Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Corruption Prevention Model Based on the Targets, duties and Authority the Court Audit of Iran
reza zargar Masuod Porkiani Moggan Derakhshan Ayob SheykiAbstractThe purpose of this study is to present a model of corruption prevention based on the goals, duties and powers of the Iranian Accounting Court. This is an applied and developmental research and a descriptive-correlational method. The statistical population of th MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study is to present a model of corruption prevention based on the goals, duties and powers of the Iranian Accounting Court. This is an applied and developmental research and a descriptive-correlational method. The statistical population of this study consists of all staff of audit (technical-specialized) and administrative departments of accounting department including headquarters and 31 provinces. Sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan table (340). In this study, a stratified random sampling method was used and a library method was used to review the literature of the subject under study and a questionnaire was used to collect field data. The validity and reliability of the research instruments were assessed by confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha and SEM was used to test the model and test the questions and hypotheses. Based on the fit indices, it can be concluded that the variable dimensions of goals, tasks and authorities in Iran's accounting court are in good level and the variable dimensions of corruption control are in strong level. Therefore, it can be concluded that the model of corruption prevention based on the goals, duties and powers of the Court of Accounts is valid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Investigating the effect of corruption perception on tax compliance behavior
Mohamadhasan Mohamadi Javad Reza zadeh Mahdi BeshkoohPerception of corruption and tax compliance are two basic issues of the country. This research has investigated the effect of perception of corruption and how affects tax compliance behavior with the theory of planned behavior. The research is applied in terms of purpos MorePerception of corruption and tax compliance are two basic issues of the country. This research has investigated the effect of perception of corruption and how affects tax compliance behavior with the theory of planned behavior. The research is applied in terms of purpose and from the point of view of the affirmative approach. In order to test the hypotheses, 397 taxpayers from Tehran tax offices are selected for a questionnaire survey and the data are selected using the structural equation modeling method, whose reliability-validity is standardized through Cronbach's alpha and the measurement of standardized factor weights; It is tested and analyzed. Based on the findings: 1- The perception of corruption has a negative effect on the attitude and subjective norms of taxpayers. 2- attitude and subjective norms have a direct relationship with tax compliance intention. 3- Perceived behavioral control has no effect on tax compliance intention. 4- Compliance intention has a direct relationship with tax compliance behavior. 5- The perception of corruption with its negative and unfavorable effect on the attitude and subjective norms of taxpayers leads to a decrease in the level of willingness and behavior of taxpayers to comply with taxes. The commitment of political leaders in eradicating corruption, strengthening transparency and organizing agents can reduce corrupt behaviors, improve social commitment and taxpayers' compliance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in reducing Administrative & Financial Corruption
Sara Mohammadi Ali Mehrabi Saeed Jafarinia Hamid Reza AlaeinasabThe aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the reduction of administrative & financial corruption in the branches of Mellat bank in Ahvaz. According to the total population, was selected a random classified s MoreThe aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the reduction of administrative & financial corruption in the branches of Mellat bank in Ahvaz. According to the total population, was selected a random classified sample, by Cohen, Morgan, & Krejcie (1970), 214 employees of the branches of Mellat bank in Ahvaz and was based on data collection. Data collected through questionnaires that have acceptable reliability and validity. The results of data analysis using structural equation by LISREL software, Showed that Application of information and communication technology (ICT) has significant influence on the reduction of administrative and financial corruption. In the meantime, two indicators; using of computer and banks software, led to a significant reduction of administrative and financial corruption. While the use of the Internet and global communications services did not have a significant effect on the reduction of corruption, there was even a positive relationship between these two variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Social determinants of tendency to administrative and financial corruption among government employees in JAHROM
SAMIRA RAHMANIAN MAJIDREZA KARIMI Keramatollah RasekhPurpose of this study was to investigate social determinants of tendency to administrative and financial corruption among government employees in JAHROM. Method used in this study is survey. Statistical population is all government employees in JAHROM city and four hund MorePurpose of this study was to investigate social determinants of tendency to administrative and financial corruption among government employees in JAHROM. Method used in this study is survey. Statistical population is all government employees in JAHROM city and four hundred persons have selected as a sample using systematic sampling method. Study tool is questionnaire and its face validity method used to determining its validity and Cronbach's alpha method used to determining its reliability. Descriptive results of this study indicate that average tendency to corruption among employees of JAHROM is low. Analytical results of study revealed that among components of study, work conscience, religiosity, participatory organizational culture and flexibility have a positive and significant effect on tendency to financial corruption. Among demographic variables, relationship between job type, social class and income with tendency to corruption is significant. Specifying dependent variable according to sum of independent variables indicated that five variables include organizational culture, work conscience; social class, income and organizational culture integration are strongest predictors of corruption tendency respectively and they are capable to specifying 0/203 changes of tendency to financial corruption. Research findings are compare with similar results. Finally, suggestions has made to prevent spread of corruption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Securitization as a strategy to fighting political corruption
Hamid Ahmadinejad Saleh Salavarzi Zadeh Corruption, as one of the main threats to the security and prosperity of countries, has attracted the attention of thinkers and policy makers for years. The Islamic Republic of Iran is not an exception to this rule, especially since this phenomenon has beco More Corruption, as one of the main threats to the security and prosperity of countries, has attracted the attention of thinkers and policy makers for years. The Islamic Republic of Iran is not an exception to this rule, especially since this phenomenon has become one of the main threats to the country in recent years. Political corruption, as the most sensitive type of corruption in Iran, while affecting security in various dimensions and reducing public trust, is combined with the fact that its impact is often not well understood. As a result, political corruption in Iran needs more than new laws and institutions to fight it, it needs to find the root of the reasons for survival and failure to fight it. The purpose of this research is to present a model as a strategy for the success of the fight against corruption while investigating the cause of this failure in the fight against political corruption. Therefore, the central question of this research is; What factors in Iran have led to the ineffectiveness of the fight against political corruption, and what is the successful strategy for this fight? The findings of the research based on the descriptive-analytical method indicate that considering political corruption as a normal problem without an existential threat has led to the ineffectiveness of the approaches to combat it, and therefore securitization is the effective and real way to successfully combat it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - A Survey of the Political Corruption and its Relation with the Political Development from the Political Sociology’s point of view
Parviz Ahadi Mohammad Ghafarian Gabelou Aziz Javanpour Samad NoojavanJosef Nay considers the political development as a preservation oflegitimacy of a political system within a given period and regards its factorsthe law domination, responsiveness, clarity, verification, politicalcompetition, free and fair elections along with their inst MoreJosef Nay considers the political development as a preservation oflegitimacy of a political system within a given period and regards its factorsthe law domination, responsiveness, clarity, verification, politicalcompetition, free and fair elections along with their institutionalization.Failure to control and restrict corruption will usually endanger thetransition to political development. The lack of political development hasled to an increase in political corruption, and their relationship will berepeated in a series of cycles over the course of many periods. In this study,the concept of political corruption is the abuse of power delegated bypolitical and governmental agents in order to provide personal gain withthe aim of increasing power or wealth. In this study, political corruptionand its relation to political development from the political sociologyperspective have been examined in a documentary method. It has beenconcluded that political corruption brings lack of development and lack ofdevelopment, reciprocate political corruption. Political corruption has anegative influence on the process of political development and providesthe basic challenges for the political system and its citizens. Politicalcorruption also reduces citizen's trust in the system and will reduce thelegitimacy of political system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Investigating the effect of corruption spread factors on economic indicators and providing confronting and coping strategies
abdolmajid Rahpeima gt ht mohammad ali khosravi tyy yttyCorruption has different forms and effects, both on the economy and society in general, because it prevents economic growth and affects business operations, employment and investment. Therefore this article will investigate the effect of corruption spread factors on eco MoreCorruption has different forms and effects, both on the economy and society in general, because it prevents economic growth and affects business operations, employment and investment. Therefore this article will investigate the effect of corruption spread factors on economic indicators and providing confronting strategies. From this perspective, after expanding the conceptual space of the issue, it will examine the factors influencing the spread of corruption. According to the thematic documents presented in this research, the research method is descriptive-analytical and the data collection method in this research is library. The findings of the article are: First, the most important factors influencing the spread of corruption can be the political and economic environment, habits, customs, traditions and demographics, religion, lack of e-government, bureaucracy and dysfunctional administrative and political structure, and civic participation and Freedom of the media pointed out that, secondly, in the field of the impact of corruption on economic indicators, we can mention "the effect of corruption on jobs", "the effect of corruption on investment", "talent allocation" and "the effect of corruption on taxes" and thirdly, in the solutions section. He pointed to the promotion of ethics in the form of public culture, publicizing the culture of fighting corruption, strengthening public awareness, strengthening the religious attitudes and beliefs of employees and managers, legalism of employees and managers, and institutionalizing a culture of criticism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Bribery of legal Jurisprudence in Cyberspace
mohammad mohseni ali akbar izadifard saeed bodaghiCorruption as a social phenomenon of popular hatred is indecent and the laws of many countries impose criminal penalties for knowing it to have committed bribery. This question has been considered in this study fulfilled the bribery element within the material world is MoreCorruption as a social phenomenon of popular hatred is indecent and the laws of many countries impose criminal penalties for knowing it to have committed bribery. This question has been considered in this study fulfilled the bribery element within the material world is merely a creation? Such that a material element of the offense, the grant money and afford everything that is sweet but Spreader tangible in nature does not form? It is always possible to fulfill the traditional form? Or take the example of "munificence and condescension" and accept the phenomenon of "change instances of" cyber-space can be realized within the criminal corruption in the world today? The author has followed the recent theory accepted bribes First Virtual coordinates coincide and Distance second explained this phenomenon in both traditional and virtual space Count. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Jurisprudential bases of punishing corruption in the land for embezzlement (Article 4 of the law on intensifying the punishment for bribery, embezzlement and fraud)
Zakiyeh EbrahimzadehThe punishment for embezzlement is tazir،and inArticle 4 of the law،it has been ntensifie that if embezzlement is an example of corruption in the world ،The punishment will be an example of corruptionin the earth.Aninportant question arises asto how embezzlement canbe c MoreThe punishment for embezzlement is tazir،and inArticle 4 of the law،it has been ntensifie that if embezzlement is an example of corruption in the world ،The punishment will be an example of corruptionin the earth.Aninportant question arises asto how embezzlement canbe considered as an example of corruptioninthe earth .what is the criterion of embezzlement and offsad in the world?The meaning of corruptionin on earth is any action that causes the financial loss of the youth or morals of society and leads to the ruin of that society.Therefore’ the scope corruption on earth is wide and it is not limited to a specific act or type of sin and corruption،but with regard to by its naturei،t is an independent title from the punishment that the lslamic ruler can’by determining the conditions، rule on the correctness of applying the punishment of ofsad fi al-arz on embezzlement or its non-compliance.The relationship between these two titles is not equal. Theresult of this article is that Applying embezzlement to offsad in the world is conceivable if embezzlement causes deprivation of the general economic security of the society and creates financial disturbance in the lslamic society. The following article is presented using library and software resources،descriptive and analytical. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Chemical changes and shelf life of surimi of Carassius auratus (Carassius carassius gibelio) during storage at super chilling and freezing temperatures
M. Afsar Sangari H. Abdolahpour A. Kouchakian Sabour, E. Nami KhasmakhiProduction of Surimi from low value fish is a method recommended to increase fish consumption nowadays. In this study, Carassius auratus gibelio was used to produce surimi. Experimental treatments were surimi stored at freezing temperature (-18˚C) (group 1) and surimi m MoreProduction of Surimi from low value fish is a method recommended to increase fish consumption nowadays. In this study, Carassius auratus gibelio was used to produce surimi. Experimental treatments were surimi stored at freezing temperature (-18˚C) (group 1) and surimi maintained at super chilling temperature (-3˚C) (group 2). The experiment lasted 60 days and approximate composition (moisture, protein, fat, ash and pH), chemical spoilage were examined and oxidation tests including total base volatile nitrogen (TVB-N) and Tiubarbutic acid (TBA) were carried out periodically. According to the statistical values of fat, pH, TVB-N and TBA were significantly higher in treatment 2 in comparison to treatment 1 during the maintenance period (p<0.05). Significant increase in these parameters were observed in in both treatments with increasing storage time (p<0.05). The results showed that surimi kept in cold storage maintains better quality as compared to surimi kept in temperature above the extreme cold. Due to increase in chemical corruption indicators towards the end of experiment, the shelf life of surimi from Prussian carp under freezing cold was longer than at temperatures above freezing point and the surimi kept at freezing temperatures maintained its quality up to the end of the storage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Identifying the Determinants of Corruption: An Application of Instrumental Variable Bayesian Model Averaging
Safoora Kashefi Mohsen Mehrara Ghahraman AbdoliAbstractPrevious studies in the corruption literature have introduced numerous variables as the determinants of corruption. This articles aims to evaluate the robustness of potential determinants of corruption by addressing the model uncertainty and endogeneitry. The re MoreAbstractPrevious studies in the corruption literature have introduced numerous variables as the determinants of corruption. This articles aims to evaluate the robustness of potential determinants of corruption by addressing the model uncertainty and endogeneitry. The results derived from an instrumental variable Bayesian model averaging analysis indicate that based on the data of 123 countries, rule of law, with a posterior inclusion probability (PIP) of 1 and posterior mean of 0.662 has the most important role in keeping corruption under control among 36 explanatory variables. Government effectiveness, with a PIP of 0.964 and posterior mean of 0.358 is another significant variable in curbing corruption. Also, with a PIP of 0.965 and posterior mean of -0.194 the Asia dummy variable tells that corruption is a serious problem in the Asia region. Further, confining the analysis to 95 developing countries reveals that rule of law with a PIP of 0.999 and posterior mean of 0.684 is the most critical variable in the fight against corruption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Analysis of Driver-Police Interaction Using Game Theory
faramarz masoumzadeh Kiumars shahbaziIn this study, the strategic interaction between traffic police and the driver is analyzed using game theory in the form of a two-stage dynamic game with incomplete information that the type of players is determined by nature. In the first stage, the police decide wheth MoreIn this study, the strategic interaction between traffic police and the driver is analyzed using game theory in the form of a two-stage dynamic game with incomplete information that the type of players is determined by nature. In the first stage, the police decide whether to fine or not, and in the second stage, the driver decides whether to pay a bribe or not. The driver compares the amount of the fine and the cost of the bribe. It can be concluded that the more lawful the police, the lower the bribe payment. Punishment of bribe recipients and payers can also prevent bribery and help eradicate possible corruption in this important organ of the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The Effect of Institutional Quality on Economic Corruption
Abolfazl Shahabadi Hamed SadeghiThis paper investigate the relation between institutional quality and the economic corruption by Linear Structural Relationships (LISREL) model among 35 countries like Iran by using the data of the years 2000, 2005, 2006. Results indicate that there is an indirect MoreThis paper investigate the relation between institutional quality and the economic corruption by Linear Structural Relationships (LISREL) model among 35 countries like Iran by using the data of the years 2000, 2005, 2006. Results indicate that there is an indirect relation between the economic institutions quality such as government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law and economic corruption with coefficient (-0.26) .This finding has been illustrated that a high institutional quality lead to less economic corruption. Corruption spread has been affected on real GDP with coefficient (-1.13). Moreoever, indirect effect of institutional quality on GDP is 0.27. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The Effect of Oil Rent on Corruption in Selected Meddle East and North Africa Countries (MENA)
Mehdi Adibpour sina karbasizadehAbstract The aim of this study is to examine the effect of oil rent on corruption within the Selected Middle East and North Africa’s oil-rich countries (MENA) by using a panel data model over the period 2003 to 2016. For this purpose, the effect some control vari MoreAbstract The aim of this study is to examine the effect of oil rent on corruption within the Selected Middle East and North Africa’s oil-rich countries (MENA) by using a panel data model over the period 2003 to 2016. For this purpose, the effect some control variables such as oil production, economic openness degree, democracy index, political right index, individual liberties index, per capita production and inflation on corruption has been considered. The results showed that oil rent has statistically significant negative impact on corruption index. Economic openness degree increase and democracy improvement and institutional quality improvement significantly decrease corruption. However, other control variables have not significantly effect on corruption index. In addition to, institutional quality variable as moderating index of relationship between oil rent and corruption was been considered but its significant effect on the relationship between these two variables was not been confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Imbalance Between Cybercrime Punishments with Some of the Corresponding Traditional Crimes
hojjatallah fathiDue to the expansion of cyberspace users, the types of cybercrime have increased day by day and the manner of occurrence of these crimes has become more diverse and advanced. Noting inconclusion of or inefficiency of the criminal laws governing the traditional cri MoreDue to the expansion of cyberspace users, the types of cybercrime have increased day by day and the manner of occurrence of these crimes has become more diverse and advanced. Noting inconclusion of or inefficiency of the criminal laws governing the traditional crimes, many of the countries worldwide, including Iran, has opted for legislation and enactment of special laws regarding cybercrimes. One of the principles of criminal law is the proportionality of the crime and the punishment and the balance between the punishments in similar crimes. The question that the present article seeks to answer is ‘whether a balance has been abided by between the punishments determined for similar crimes in the traditional and cyber space?’. The research method in this article is descriptive and analytical in terms of collecting library resources and in terms of its content. A comparative study of the punishments for traditional theft and cyber theft, traditional fraud and cyber fraud, and encouraging corruption and prostitution in the traditional space and cyberspace, indicates that the principle of proportionality of crime and punishment and the balance of punishments in similar mentioned crimes have not been observed. Punishments for similar cyberspace crimes are far lighter than the same crimes in the traditional environment, which seems to have no legal justification and requires a review and amendment of the law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Destinations of Religion and the Role and Place of Expediency in Legislation
Sayyed Mohmmad Taqhi Alavi Seyedeh mahshid Miri balajorshariAccording to the opinion of justice ,the religious commandments are subject to expediencies and corruptions; as the governmental rulings are in line with the provision of social expediencies of Islamic society. Therefore, expediency at status of decree and governm MoreAccording to the opinion of justice ,the religious commandments are subject to expediencies and corruptions; as the governmental rulings are in line with the provision of social expediencies of Islamic society. Therefore, expediency at status of decree and governmental rulings has an important place in Islamic jurisprudence. All Islamic religions agree that the rulings are based on the expediencies and corruptions and actually the religion has come for attracting the expediencies of the servants and keeping the corruption away from them .From the age of genesis of religion till now by reflection on the noble verses of the Quran, the Sunnah of Innocent Ones and the actions of the Companions and Islamic jurists, this conclusion is obtained that there is a close relationship between the destinations of the religion and the words expediency and corruption. It is attempted in this article that by study and reflection on the theory of destinations of religion and its relationship with expediencies and corruptions, will attain to the analysis of cases that are placed as “ absence of legal text “ or other cases of silence of law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The Impact of Monopolies on Social Capital
Hamid Ahmadi Davood Afshari Mehdi KarimiThe governments for supplying public goods and maintaining political stability need reliable financial and non-financial resources. These resources should be provided through taxes or the governments by making self-made restrictions and deficiencies in social and econom MoreThe governments for supplying public goods and maintaining political stability need reliable financial and non-financial resources. These resources should be provided through taxes or the governments by making self-made restrictions and deficiencies in social and economic system provide them. These limitations while provides financial resources for the government convert the market as a lever for controlling the society. The present article is trying to examine the impact of monopolies and control of economic، social and cultural spheres by the government on social capitals. The underlying hypothesis is that the expansion and intensification of government monopolies in the above said fields weakens and disrupts the social capital. The social capital، in fact regulates relations among human and organizational settings، create norms and builds confidence in the society. As a result in short term it leads to governmental and social corruption and in the long term prepares the ground for social anomie. Therefore، if the protection of private property، equal distribution of opportunities، equality before the law، encouraging public participation in the affairs of the society and finally fight against corruption do not get enough importance achieving development which is the ultimate goal of relations between the government and the society will not be materialized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Moral Deviations and Anomalous Behaviors in The Adventures of Hajji Baba Ispahan
hamid Jafari Gharieh AliThe Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan, is the first Persian novel in which the customs of the Iranian people are discussed. The author narrates the story of Haji Baba, who on one hand believes in the moral principles and on the other hand, considers these princip MoreThe Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan, is the first Persian novel in which the customs of the Iranian people are discussed. The author narrates the story of Haji Baba, who on one hand believes in the moral principles and on the other hand, considers these principles as an obstacle to his progress. In fact, this novel depicts people's social, ethical and cultural behaviors, as well as the political corruption in Qajarite dynasty. While re-reading the novel, this study analyzes the moral deviations and duality in the behaviors and speeches of people that occur in different situations due to internal conflict. The research has been done in a descriptive-analytical manner. The purpose of this article is to show that moral corruption and hypocritical behaviors significantly affect characterization of the protagonists. The results reveal that ethical misconducts are done for gaining personal interests, survival, getting away from prison, and getting rid of evil. In The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan, ethics is in the service of mundane affairs and values are relative. Most of these behaviors are basically an indication of moral decline and immersion in corruption. But there is another justification for these behaviors in this novel. Haji Baba's story is similar to picaresque stories, and since satirizing society and people is an important feature of this type of story, therefore, describing the negative aspects and immoral behaviors of the characters is also highlighted in this story. In fact, the author's focus on the narrative aspects, his attempt to make the story more attractive and his deliberate exaggeration in describing the negative traits of the characters can be the major factors in expressing anomalous behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Sociological explanation of the relationship between the perception of corruption and social trust in society(Case study:citizens of AHVAZ)
Eskandar Arami ali hossein Hossein zade Manoochehr kordzanganehThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the perception of administrative corruption and social trust among the citizens of Ahvazan city. The research method is of a qualitative-quantitative combination, which is applied in the MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the perception of administrative corruption and social trust among the citizens of Ahvazan city. The research method is of a qualitative-quantitative combination, which is applied in the qualitative part of the data theory of the Foundation (Strauss, Corbin). The data required for the quantitative part have been collected from a statistical sample of 394 people using a survey method and a questionnaire tool. In the qualitative part, in order to deeply examine and understand the subject first, library studies and researches were used, as well as the researcher's lived experience. Then, a semi-structured interview was conducted from among the statistical community, which includes university professors and experts in the fields of sociology and public administration in ahvaz city, who were executive and scientific officials related to the subject, using the purposeful sampling method, 15 people were selected and conducted as a sample. The validity of the interviews in the qualitative part was based on the opinion of experts, and for the reliability of the intra-subject method and two coders, and in the quantitative part of the questionnaires, the Cronbach's alpha method was used, and for the relationships between the variables, confirmatory factor analysis was used in Lisrel software. The results of this research showed that there is a significant relationship between the perception of administrative corruption and social trust among Ahvaz citizens. The effect of the path coefficient between the variables in the standard estimation mode model is equal to 0.72 and the T coefficients in the significant mode model is equal to 5.79 and the T coefficients are greater than the value of 1.96. The perception of administrative corruption has the components of drivers, monitoring , social capital is accountability and transparency, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Designing a model the managerial supervision to prevent administrative corruption
Amin NikpourContext and purpose: Despite the fact that many programs have been designed and implemented to fight administrative corruption, little success has been achieved in this field. It seems that one of the basic solutions to deal with administrative corruption is the supervi MoreContext and purpose: Despite the fact that many programs have been designed and implemented to fight administrative corruption, little success has been achieved in this field. It seems that one of the basic solutions to deal with administrative corruption is the supervision of management over its sub-categories. The purpose of this study is to design a model the managerial supervision to prevent administrative corruption.Research method: This study is a descriptive- correlation research that has been conducted through the survey method. Also this research is according to aim the development- applied research. The statistical population of the research in order to test the model consisted of all staffs in public organizations of Kerman city and 286 pepole have been selected as volume of sample using Cochran’s formula. To analyze the data have been used descriptive and inferential statistical (t test and enter multiple regression), and the organizational supervision and administrative corruption questionnaires have been to collect the data.Findings: The findings of the study indicated that the suggested model has appropriate fit, and organizational supervision dimensions have negative impact on administrative corruption, and of among the dimensions, supervision by organization inspectors has had the most negative impact on administrative corruption and supervision by administrative delegations, supervision by hidden inspectors, direct supervision of director, supervision by electronic equipments and hierarchical supervision have been in next ranks.Conclusion: Considering that managerial supervision plays an important role in preventing the occurrence of administrative corruption, managers of organizations should know well the various methods of supervision of their subordinates and apply them correctly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Etiology of macroeconomic corruption and providing social preventive solutions: Looking at the United Nations Convention to Combat Corruption
علیرضا دودانگه مریم Bejestani reza ziyariField and Aims: Today, the emergence and spread of macro-economic corruption in the country with large dimensions and numerous criminal titles has become news through mass media, especially in the virtual space, and inflames the psychological atmosphere of the society. MoreField and Aims: Today, the emergence and spread of macro-economic corruption in the country with large dimensions and numerous criminal titles has become news through mass media, especially in the virtual space, and inflames the psychological atmosphere of the society. Therefore, to prevent and fight against this sinister phenomenon, the etiology of economic corruption is considered the first and most important step, and the responsible institutions in the prevention and fight against economic corruption can definitely know the cause. The causes of economic corruption should take basic and effective measures to deal with this problem.Method: The present research was carried out using a descriptive-analytical method.Finding and Conclusion: several reasons from the individual, cultural and social, political and economic dimensions for the occurrence of macroeconomic corruption can be counted, as well as things such as education and raising the level of public awareness, the role of civil institutions in preventing macroeconomic corruption, Equipping the media and developing codes of conduct are among the solutions for social prevention of macro-economic corruptions, which are emphasized in the United Nations Convention on Combating Corruption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - A comparative study of national and international contexts for combating embezzlement in the banking system with emphasis on the capacity of the law to promote administrative health and prevent corruption
alireza abbasi Alireza Shamshiri soheil soheilyEmbezzlement as one of the major banking crimes that undermines public confidence in the government. It has been documented in various domestic and international documents and throughout history. However, there are differences between domestic and international contexts MoreEmbezzlement as one of the major banking crimes that undermines public confidence in the government. It has been documented in various domestic and international documents and throughout history. However, there are differences between domestic and international contexts of the fight against embezzlement, including the non-criminalization of embezzlement in private institutions and banks, as well as the lack of precedent. The mechanism of international judicial assistance in the field of embezzlement, lack of precise explanation of whistleblowing rules in the fight against embezzlement in Iran's domestic law versus regionality to the international nature of anti-embezzlement law and the lack of guarantees of effective implementation at the international level It is noteworthy for fighting embezzlement.Establishing a healthy administrative system and establishing social justice and preserving public interests and property are the most important actions of governments to preserve the moral values of society, one of their solutions is to prevent waste and looting through embezzlement in the key economic system of governments or in other words At the level of banks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The Impact of Corruption on Environmental Tehran Stock Exchange
Rahela Shah Badaghi Majid Moradi Dawood GurjizadehAbstractCorruption is a complex, multidimensional phenomenon with multiple causes and effects, ranging from an individual act (such as bribery) to a pervasive act that encompasses all elements of the political and economic system. Despite the complexity, difficulty and MoreAbstractCorruption is a complex, multidimensional phenomenon with multiple causes and effects, ranging from an individual act (such as bribery) to a pervasive act that encompasses all elements of the political and economic system. Despite the complexity, difficulty and sensitivity of dealing with this complication, in recent years, extensive studies have been conducted to measure corruption, explain the reasons for committing such criminal activity and provide deterrent solutions by the international community. The purpose of this study was the impact of corruption on the environmental sustainability of companies. The spatial scope of this research was the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and the time domain was between 2016 and 2020. 107 companies are selected by eliminated systematic method as sample. As data nature, this is a kind of quantitative study and as purpose, this is a kind of applied study. Jarque-Bra test is done for normality testing. Regression significance and coefficient significance tests are considered in order to investigate significance in regression pattern. Heterogenity, F-limer and Husman tests are considered as regression pre-test as well. The results showed that financial corruption affects the environmental sustainability of companies. The impact of corruption on environmental sustainability varies between large and small companies. The impact of corruption on environmental sustainability varies in companies with high and low financial performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The Corruption Effect on Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries
عبدالرحیم کردی مهدی خدا پرست مشهدیA country's investment environment is affected by Political, Institutional, and Economic Factors. These factors are determinants of quality of institutional environment across countries. Corruption often viewed as consequence of inappropriate institutions. Results of Mo MoreA country's investment environment is affected by Political, Institutional, and Economic Factors. These factors are determinants of quality of institutional environment across countries. Corruption often viewed as consequence of inappropriate institutions. Results of Most studies show that high cost and uncertainty created due to corruption affect attractiveness of host country to investors and destroys incentives for foreign investment. Yet, some studies could not find significant relationship between the corruption and foreign direct investment flows. Regard the lack of experimental study, the present research highlight the relationship between subcomponents of corruption and the flows of foreign direct investment in developing countries. The result of regression using panel data of 50 countries for time period 1996 – 2012, show that different forms of corruption have separately effects on the flows of foreign direct investment. So, corruption in the field of import/export permits has a positive and significant impact on FDI inflows, whereas corruption in the fields of annual tax payments, access to public utilities and judicial decisions have negative impact on FDI. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Canadian government,s policy in the field of conflict of interest; A case study of the 2016-2023 period in the Justin Trudeau government
Farahnaz Ajori seyed esmaeil hosseinigoliConflict of interest is the conflict between the duties and responsibilities of a person in relation to the process of examining the private, professional, commercial or public interests of that person. Managing conflict of interest is one of the methods of preventing c MoreConflict of interest is the conflict between the duties and responsibilities of a person in relation to the process of examining the private, professional, commercial or public interests of that person. Managing conflict of interest is one of the methods of preventing corruption, increasing transparency, efficiency, accountability and public trust in the government. The conflict between personal interests and public interests is something that most government officials face; Therefore, it must be properly managed, otherwise it can lead to corruption. The purpose of this research is to investigate the policy of the Canadian government in the field of conflict of interest, which has been studied in the period of 2016-2023 in the government of Justin Trudeau. This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of research method, and in terms of the purpose of The type of research is applied and based on library research and review of documents and records. The review of the trends presented in the annual conflict of interest reports showed that, according to the policies adopted by Justin Trudeau's government in 2015, the codes and indicators presented in the studied time frame, the reduction of the conflict of interest in several sectors, including ethical norms, It has shown social and value that the performance of this structure has been well objectified in the performance of government officials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Explain the components of fighting corruption and establishing justice by emphasizing the orders of the Supreme Leader in the statement of the second step of the revolution
behruz salehiThe concept of justice and how to provide a platform for it in a civil society is one of the most important issues that require reflection and deliberation, as it is considered as a fundamental principle of the foundation of the survival of any government. Establishing MoreThe concept of justice and how to provide a platform for it in a civil society is one of the most important issues that require reflection and deliberation, as it is considered as a fundamental principle of the foundation of the survival of any government. Establishing justice in the Islamic society, which includes basic security and well-being, along with the economic growth of the Islamic society and providing the grounds for spiritual growth for individual citizens, is a key task for the Islamic society. In our jurisprudence sources, citing the infallible imams and the enlightened verses of the Qur'an regarding justice, many themes can be found. In this regard, the statements of the Supreme Leader for many years revolved around justice and the fight against corruption, an effort to realize this principle as fully as possible in the society. It is always the guiding light of officials and members of the people that no common sense dictates against it. In this research, while explaining the components of the development of justice and the fight against corruption, he drew the intellectual system of His Holiness the Supreme Leader of the Province, and for this reason, it was analyzed with a qualitative approach and by the method of analyzing the content of his words, and a total of 317 primary codes. and 46 central codes and finally 8 main themes, including the factors of the spread of justice, the consequences of the spread of justice, the factors of corruption, the consequences of the spread of corruption, the duties of officials in the axis of fighting corruption, the duties of officials in the axis of seeking justice, solutions to fight corruption and the consequences fight against corruption; identified and explained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Ranking the Components of Coso Internal Control in Preventing Financial Corruption among the Companies Listed on Tehran Stock Exchange
Hossein Saberi Mirfeiz FallahInternal Control has long been a concern with the directors, shareholders and other beneficiaries in trading units, because they well know that how such a control is vital for achieving the objectives set by a given trading unit. The present study is aiming at identifyi MoreInternal Control has long been a concern with the directors, shareholders and other beneficiaries in trading units, because they well know that how such a control is vital for achieving the objectives set by a given trading unit. The present study is aiming at identifying and ranking the components of Coso internal control in preventing financial corruption among the companies listed on Tehran stock exchange using a hierarchal cluster analysis. To this end, the components of Coso internal control in preventing corruption were identified through literature review and interviews with the informants. These components include control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information & communication and monitoring activities. Then, using a pairwise comparison matrix, a questionnaire was designed. The questionnaires were distributed among 13 active shareholders with an experience of more than years in stock exchange through snowball sampling. Analysis of the responses confirmed the results obtained and the ranking of the components. The results showed the priority of the control environment with a weight of 0.43, risk assessment and monitoring with the same weight of 0.16, communication information of 0.17 and control activities of 0.12. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - A comparative study of the laws of Iran, Turkey, the UAE and the international legal system in the field of international judicial cooperation regarding corruption crimes.
Hassan Kohandani Asal AzemeyanThe International Judicial Cooperation Bill, the latest measure of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the field of international judicial cooperation regarding administrative corruption crimes, seems to have been drafted by the judiciary. Although this bill has many weakne MoreThe International Judicial Cooperation Bill, the latest measure of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the field of international judicial cooperation regarding administrative corruption crimes, seems to have been drafted by the judiciary. Although this bill has many weaknesses and problems, But it shows the serious intention of the Islamic Republic of Iran to enter this field. In the meantime, the United Nations Convention against Corruption, as the main international convention on corruption crimes, has drawn mechanisms for governments for international judicial cooperation. The main question in this research, which has been conducted in a descriptive-analytical way, is what are the differences and similarities between Iran's laws and the international legal system in the field of international judicial cooperation regarding corruption crimes? The result of this research shows that there are important differences in the field of corruption crimes that can be cooperated internationally. The petitioner's authority and jurisdictional conflicts exist between different implementing institutions in the Islamic Republic of Iran with the international legal system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Analysis of the Effect of Administrative Corruption on GDP Per Capita in Selected Oil Exporting Countries
asadollah akhzari najafabadi seyed mohsen khalifeh soltaniThe purpose of the current research is to analyze the effect of administrative corruption on GDP per capita in 11 selected oil exporting countries as countries with natural resources, which due to the existence of rents caused by oil, the possibility of administrative c MoreThe purpose of the current research is to analyze the effect of administrative corruption on GDP per capita in 11 selected oil exporting countries as countries with natural resources, which due to the existence of rents caused by oil, the possibility of administrative corruption in them is higher due to the possibility of rent-seeking activities. For this purpose, the country risk corruption index (ICRG) was considered as the main independent variable and the control variables of foreign direct investment, foreign trade and human development index, inflation and population growth rate were also considered. The research model was estimated for the period of 2012-2021 using the generalized method of moments (GMM). The results of the estimation of the model indicate the positive effect of the first lag of GDP per capita, corruption control, foreign direct investment, foreign trade and human development index on the GDP per capita of the selected countries. On the other hand, inflation and population growth rate have a negative effect on the GDP per capita of selected oil exporting countries during the studied period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - The Effect of Two-Component Coating of Sodium Caseinate and Marjoram Extract on Fat and Oxidative Degradation Indices of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) at Refrigerator Temperature
Mehran Moslemi Meghdad Aminirad Masoud HedayatifardThe present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using two-component oral coating of sodium caseinate and marjoram extract on fat and oxidative corrosive indices of silver fish at refrigerator temperature. These coatings included: coating with sodium ca MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using two-component oral coating of sodium caseinate and marjoram extract on fat and oxidative corrosive indices of silver fish at refrigerator temperature. These coatings included: coating with sodium caseinate and marjoram extract with dilution of 1 and 2% and non-extracted sodium caseinate. In order to investigate the effect of coatings, a group was considered as control and non-coating treatment. Fish fillets are immersed in the prepared solution for each treatment and then at room temperature to make the coating appropriate on them. The measurement of chemical parameters of FFA, TVN, TBA, PV and FAT was performed on zero, five and fifteen days. Based on the data obtained in FFA values, there was no significant difference in the zero day between treatments. But in the fifth, tenth and fifteenth days, there was a significant difference between treatments (p < 0.05). For TVN values, there was no significant difference in zero day between treatments, but in the fifth and fifteenth days, there was a significant difference between treatments (p < 0.05). For TBA values, there was no significant difference in the zero day between treatments, but this difference was significantly observed on the fifth, tenth and fifteenth days between treatments (p < 0.05). Also, there was no significant difference in the zero day for PV values. During the fifth, tenth and fifteenth days, there was a significant difference between treatments (p < 0.05). Based on data, this process was repeated for FAT values. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Presenting a combined ANP-DEMATEL Approach for Analyzing extra organizational factors affecting the incidence of administrative and financial corruption in public organizations
mehdi ajalli hossain azimi Iman GHasemian sahebiThe outcomes of corruption indicate that corruption is a complicated and varied affair and dealing with it must be a continual. The aim of this research is to identify and determine the importance of effective extra organizational factors in the incidence of administrat MoreThe outcomes of corruption indicate that corruption is a complicated and varied affair and dealing with it must be a continual. The aim of this research is to identify and determine the importance of effective extra organizational factors in the incidence of administrative and financial corruption in public organizations. To this end after studies in the field of extra organizational factors affecting the incidence of corruption, the ground for a comprehensive understanding of these factors was created, and by dividing this factor in four areas including of social and cultural factors, legal factors, political factors and economic factors, examples of each factor was determined and subsidiaries and provide an insight for applied research in this area to researchers. In this paper, it was used fuzzy ANP-DEMATEL integrative approach for evaluating the factors. Using fuzzy DEMATEL techniques the relations between identified factors was determined. Then by using fuzzy ANP methods and establish the relationships between factors, the importance and weight of factors were calculated. The results showed that the legal factors was placed in the first important (with the most weight) and the political factors was placed in final rank (with minimum weight). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Provide Strategies to Reduce Administrative Corruption in Public Organizations IT-Based Using a Combination of Analytic Network Process and Quality Function Deployment Model QFD
Mohammad Ali Afshar -
Open Access Article
47 - The ratio of economic corruption to political development in Iran Years 1989-2013
Ali mohamadi ali asghar zargarOne of the major threats to the economic security of countries is the phenomenon of corruption and economic crime. This is particularly true of countries with a rentier economy with more obvious aspects and manifestations, and Iran's criminal law demonstrates that there MoreOne of the major threats to the economic security of countries is the phenomenon of corruption and economic crime. This is particularly true of countries with a rentier economy with more obvious aspects and manifestations, and Iran's criminal law demonstrates that there is no criminal offense under this heading of economic corruption in Iran's criminal code, or under another heading, has been criminalized, or The Criminal Code of Iran has paid a fair share of this crime to the fullest. Of course, the Islamic Penal Code of 1392 states that disruption of the economic system of the country is widely regarded as one of the examples of corruption in the law. In this case, the law is inadequate. Studies show that the phenomenon of corruption and economic crime firstly affects the economic security of societies and, on the other hand, affect the political development of the Especially Iran countries. In this article, we are looking at the causes of economic corruption and its impact on Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Explaining examples of economic corruption and regulatory solutions to deal with it by referring to the teachings of Nahj al-Balagha.
ali mirPurpose: The current research was conducted with the aim of explaining a number of examples of economic corruption, which are many examples, and providing solutions to deal with them. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of imple MorePurpose: The current research was conducted with the aim of explaining a number of examples of economic corruption, which are many examples, and providing solutions to deal with them. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of implementation method and has a qualitative approach of thematic analysis type. The results were evaluated based on the comments of two coders, and according to the agreement reached between them, which was 0.86, the reliability of the tool was evaluated at an acceptable level, and finally, a table was presented that included a list of examples of corruption and monitoring strategies to deal with It was them. The main question: What are the examples of economic corruption and the regulatory solutions to deal with them based on the teachings of Nahj al-Balagha? Results: The factors of economic corruption were presented in two categories, namely underlying factors and creating or visible factors. At the end, it was emphasized on supervisory solutions such as piety, justice, and fight against hoarding, meritocracy, fulfilling divine trust, acquiring science and knowledge, as well as popular supervision. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - This work aims to search for the origin of political and social protests within this event in Iran.
سید ایمان قربانی طهمورث شیریProtests over the economic conditions in December 2017 (1396) constitute the most significant social crisis in Iran in current decade. This work aims to search for the origin of political and social protests within this event in Iran. The research method is based on e MoreProtests over the economic conditions in December 2017 (1396) constitute the most significant social crisis in Iran in current decade. This work aims to search for the origin of political and social protests within this event in Iran. The research method is based on explanation and study of genesis and origins of shaping of the protests of different classes in December 2017 with a focus on relative deprivation theory, especially the ideas of Ted Robert Gurr as the base theory as well as theories of social alienation. In this research, by sending a questionnaire to 250 faculty members and professors as statistical population, in order to study the results, the original weighting method (cardinal) and paired comparisons were used. The results of this study showed that the comparison of social indices under study shows public discontent with its most important social rights. The most important and effective factors are economic corruption, discrimination and social inequality resulting from judiciary injustice, poverty and deprivation of most of Iranian population which results in a feeling of relative deprivation and a feeling of self-alienation and consequently leads to political and social protests. The difference between the legitimate expectations and the realities of the outside world and lack of attention to value and political changes along with economic demands and creation of equality and social justice are the main sources of political and social protests in the past two decades. As a result, a feeling of relative deprivation and a feeling of self-alienation are the most important factors in protests and unrest in this year in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Jurisprudential and legal examination of the limit of war and the corruption of land based on the views of Allameh Hali and Imam Khomeini
Sayyed Hadi Dorjvar Mohsen jahangiriThe crime of belligerence and corrupting on the earth is one of the biggest crimes, as stated in the verse, "The punishment for those who fight against God and His Messenger and try to corrupt on the earth is that they should be killed or hanged, or their hands and fe MoreThe crime of belligerence and corrupting on the earth is one of the biggest crimes, as stated in the verse, "The punishment for those who fight against God and His Messenger and try to corrupt on the earth is that they should be killed or hanged, or their hands and feet should be cut in opposite direction or should be exiled from their land..." (Maedeh, 33) which introduced it and determined the most severe punishments for it. But regarding the limitations of the issue of belligerence and corruption on the earth, is it the unity of the issue and example or the separation and independence of the issue? There is a difference of opinion among the jurists, whether the method of execution of the punishment by the judge is discretionary or the order and observance of the proportionality between the crime and the punishment. And as a result, it has caused different legal opinions among jurists.The source of these differences is the different interpretations of the mentioned verse and the stories and rules of Arab literature. The result of this research is: 1) Determination of the duty of the judge in the execution of the punishment of the criminal and the belligerent on the earth, in the form of discretion or observing the proportionality between the crime and the punishment (order). After examining the differences in opinions of jurists as well as lawyers and weighing the arguments of the parties, the author has chosen the order of punishment for the criminal, considering the crime and observing proportionality. 2) The hypothesis of the separation of the subject and the independence of the crime in view of law was not accepted due to the lack of religious and rational support and lack of legal validity. Documentary and library information has been collected using Islamic science softwares on the subject of belligerence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Paying a bribe in order to achieve the right (criticism of popular opinion, with a social approach to jurisprudence)
Alireza Norouzi seyed mojtaba mirdamadi Ebrahim SafikhaniThe sublime laws of Islam are legislated with the aim of perfection and happiness of the society and its people. The sanctity of bribery is one of the divine commandments that has been stated to prevent social and economic corruption and violation of rights. The sanctit MoreThe sublime laws of Islam are legislated with the aim of perfection and happiness of the society and its people. The sanctity of bribery is one of the divine commandments that has been stated to prevent social and economic corruption and violation of rights. The sanctity of bribery is common among all Muslim sects. However, an issue that has always been a subject of debate is the ruling on paying bribes in order to fulfill the right, especially in the case of exclusive rights. By analyzing and criticizing the bases and arguments of the views proposed in this field, the present research has chosen the unpopular theory and reached the conclusion that bribery in order to achieve justice is absolutely forbidden for the bribe giver and the bribe taker. In order to find the answer to the problem, after analyzing and correctly addressing each of the points of view, and in addition to applying the principles of Muslim jurisprudence, finally, with the governmental and social approach to jurisprudence, as well as using the method of gathering suspicion, the problem has been solved. Manuscript profile
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