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Open Access Article
1 - Long-term effects of green tea extract on the damage caused by Doxorubicin in rat bone marrow
M. Moosavi, P. Mortazavi, N. Atyabi, M.A Porkabireh,One of the most well known anti-cancer drug is Doxorubicin. However, green tea has manyantioxidant properties. In this study, the long-term effects of green tea on bone marrow lesionscaused by Doxorubicin in rats were studied. 30 adult male Wistar rats were randomly div MoreOne of the most well known anti-cancer drug is Doxorubicin. However, green tea has manyantioxidant properties. In this study, the long-term effects of green tea on bone marrow lesionscaused by Doxorubicin in rats were studied. 30 adult male Wistar rats were randomly dividedinto 6 groups. Control, LGT (long-term use of 3% green tea extract for 60 days), SHGT (shorttermuse of 3% green tea extract for 10 days), LGT + DXR (long-term use of 3% green teaextract for 60 days with injections IP doxorubicin for 3 days), SHGT + DXR (short-term use of3% green tea extract for 10 days in combination with doxorubicin (IP) injection for 3 days),DXR (doxorubicin injection for 3 days). 24 hours after the last injection of DXR, rats euthanizedand tissue samples were taken for histopathology of the femur. The enzymes catalase andsuperoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. The histopathology results show that the DXRinduced severe bone marrow suppression that myeloid cells was more involved. SHGT + DXRgroup was similar to DXR, but the cell density was similar to control group. The LGT + DXRcell density was very similar to the control group. There was a small amount of myeloid celldestruction. Measurement of catalase and SOD indicates a significant difference betweentreatment and control groups. Results show that Doxorubicin may cause damage in rat bonemarrow, but long-term use of green tea can reduce the damage caused by doxorubicin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Investigation on the Effect of Green Tea Hydroalcoholic Extract on the Dough Rheological Properties and Staling of Barbari Bread
Gh. Ghanbari M. Seyedain Ardabili M. DiyanatIntroduction: Staling is one of the main causes of reduced bread shelf life. In this study, the effect of using green tea hydroalcoholic extract as a beneficial herbal compound on dough rheological properties and staling of barbari bread was investigated.Materials and M MoreIntroduction: Staling is one of the main causes of reduced bread shelf life. In this study, the effect of using green tea hydroalcoholic extract as a beneficial herbal compound on dough rheological properties and staling of barbari bread was investigated.Materials and Methods: In order to prepare the hydroalcoholic extract, first, green tea was extracted with 30% ethanol and then concentrated and powdered by spray dryer. The product was subjected to qualitative analysis and then was added at the 0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5% concentrations (based on flour weight) in the formulation of consumable dough followed by performing the dough rheological properties and bread quality tests, staling, bread crumb hardness (by TPA device) and the samples thermal properties (by DSC device) were evaluated in one, three and five days after cooking. Results: The results of dough rheological tests showed that the green tea hydroalcoholic extract increased flour quality and improved the dough rheological properties and also, increased the moisture and total polyphenol contents in bread, at all concentrations. In all three time periods, 0.5 and 1.5% treatments had the highest soft tissue as compared to other treatments and the control samples. The results of thermal properties indicated that 1.5% treatment reduced the starch retrogradation in the short- term (one day after baking) and possibly long-term (more than five days after baking).Conclusion: In this study, green tea hydroalcoholic extract acts as an oxidizing improver and improved the dough rheological properties, and also, 0.5 and 1.5% treatments had the most effect on reduces the bread crumb hardness by delaying the staling of barbari bread. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Improve Oxidative Stability of Beef-Tallow Oil Using Antioxidant Properties of Green tea and Lecithin
M. Ardahe Sh. ShahriariIntroduction: Green tea contains modarats quantities of natural antioxidants and bioactive compounds. Due to the fact that the synthetic antioxidants might have adverse effects on human health, the applications of natural compounds that have been consumed by man are per MoreIntroduction: Green tea contains modarats quantities of natural antioxidants and bioactive compounds. Due to the fact that the synthetic antioxidants might have adverse effects on human health, the applications of natural compounds that have been consumed by man are performed. Materials and Methods: In this research the extract of the green tea was isolated and examined for total phenolic content using folin-ciocalteav method. The extract was investigated for antioxidant activity using free radical scavenging (DPPH), discolouration of the beta carotene-linoleic acid and the oxidative stability index methods. In the following, tea extract and lecithin were added to the beef-tallow at the concentrations 100, 300, 600 and 900 ppm and 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% and combined 900 ppm lecithin + 0.5% tea extract ،600 ppm lecithin + 0.5% tea extract respectively. The peroxide value, free fatty acid and oxidation stability index of the tea extract and lecithin containing samples and the control sample were compared. Results: The results indicated that green tea extract at the concentration of 600 ppm showed a good activity that was equivalent to Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), the synthetic antioxidant. The synergistic activity of the added phospholipids and the natural antioxidant present in green tea indicated that the activity was concentration dependent concerning the synergist. Conclusion: It might be concluded that application of tea extract in lecithin improves the combination with oxidative of stability of beef-tallow. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Effect of Coating with Green Tea Extract and Collagen Fiber on Quality Attributes of Vacuum Packaged Sausage
N. Shokraneh P. Ariaii F. Rasouli Ghahrodi F. Hasannia S. Sabbaghpour -
Open Access Article
5 - Study possible ways to achieve the objectives of Green University in Farhangian University
seyyed ebrahim rad Alireza jabariBackground and Objectives:The importance of higher education and education to the issue of green management and public education. The preservation of the environment is a pressing need of the community in facing the challenges and critical environmental challenges, the MoreBackground and Objectives:The importance of higher education and education to the issue of green management and public education. The preservation of the environment is a pressing need of the community in facing the challenges and critical environmental challenges, the need for the role and leadership of universities and schools in the field of responsibility Social needs require planning and frivolous action. The academics and teachers of any community are the most prestigious group for developing cultural and environmental activities. Universities and schools can be recognized as a successful example and an evolving model for spaces outside the university. The farhangian University, the pivot of the fundamental transformation in education, can play a more valuable and distinct role than other universities in creating a culture of environmental support. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to investigate the ways of converting the University of Cultural Studies to the Green University.Material and Methodology: The method of qualitative research, the method of research is "case study", and use all of the resources envisaged in case studies; direct observation, semi-structured interviewing, in the form of a focal group, analysis of documents and human artifacts for data collection. Also, for data analysis, the content analysis strategy was used to collect data, create databases and analyze data using MAXQDA2018 software. Three types of trilogy, data trilogy were also used to trust, credibility and reassure the research. The Trinity, the Trinity, and the theoretical trinity, have been done.Fidings:The content of the theme analysis, the 7 main themes, the 30 main themes of the organizer and 380 general themes, has been identified by the farhangian University to achieve the goals of the Green University, in 7 dimensions (mainstream content) "Learning and learning"; "Participation and Networking of Social Interactions"; "Environmental Management System"; Research, Technology and Innovation ";" Leadership and Planning ";" Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting "; and" Human Resource Management ". Should take action.Discussion & Conclusion: By studying the research findings, it was concluded that the obvious links between the main functions of the university - the continuous education, research and everyday activities of the university, with the general approach of the University for the development of environmental sustainability and green management and the green campus - to the students in preserving and respecting The environment helps the real world and reaches the green city and the green community. In a university, as a small town, if the goal is to develop an environmental culture and green management, all the affiliated sectors must be taken into consideration. Therefore, coordination and complementarity between the functional units of the university is recommended in achieving the objectives of the Green University. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Effect of Green Tea Extract on HER2 Gene Expression in Gastric Cancerous Cells Line (AGS)
Sepiedeh Derakhshan Zahra Deilami KhiabaniInroduction & Objective: Gastric cancer is second leading cause of cancer related death in the world. Use of anticancer herbal drugs because of having fewer side effects is of importance. green tea is one of herbal medicines which contain anticancer effect.The aim of th MoreInroduction & Objective: Gastric cancer is second leading cause of cancer related death in the world. Use of anticancer herbal drugs because of having fewer side effects is of importance. green tea is one of herbal medicines which contain anticancer effect.The aim of this study has been to investigating changes in gene expression of HER-2 in green tea treated human AGS adenocarcinoma cells lines. Material and Methods:AGS cells were treated with the aqueous extract of green tea in different concentrations including 800,1200 and 2000 μg/ml. After 48 hrs and 72hrs treatment, RNA extraction has been done. Following cDNA synthesis, the rate of expression of HER-2 gene was evaluated using Real time PCR. Results: The over expression of HER-2 gene has been shown in 800 μg/ml of green tea extract. In dose of 1200 μg/ml and 2000 μg/ml of green tea extract significant reduction in HER-2 gene have been shown and the most reduction has been observed in 72 hours treatment and the concentration of 2000 μg/ml green tea extract.Conclusion:Green tea extract in high concentrations, is the reason of decreasing the rate of HER2 gene expression and this factor can prevent the development and progression of gastric cancer cells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Effect of green tea extract (Camellia sinensis) on levels of sex hormones in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adult female Wistar rats
ایمان خدارحمی اکرم عیدی پژمان مرتضویBackground and Objectives: Green tea (Camellia sinensis) was considered effective medicine for treating different ailments in ancient Asian folk medicine. It is known for its abundance of antioxidants. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrinological dis MoreBackground and Objectives: Green tea (Camellia sinensis) was considered effective medicine for treating different ailments in ancient Asian folk medicine. It is known for its abundance of antioxidants. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrinological disorder in reproductive-age women and is often associated with metabolic syndrome. The purpose of the study, the effect of green tea extract on letrozole-induced oxidative stress was investigated on levels of sex hormones of adult female Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 48 female rats were randomly divided into 8 groups of 6: The normal control group (intact), the healthy experimental group (green tea extract 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw, gavage), PCOS control group (letrozole 1 mg/kg bw, gavage), PCOS experimental group (green tea extract 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg bw together letrozole). The animals were euthanized 24 h after the last dose of the treatment on day 29. Blood was immediately obtained after the animals were sacrificed. The serum was used to assay the levels of testosterone, estradiol, FSH and LH. Results: Our results showed that administration of letrozole significantly increased the levels of testosterone, estradiol, LH and decreased FSH. The results study showed that green tea extract treatment significantly decreased the levels of testosterone, estradiol, LH and increased FSH in PCOS experimental group. Conclusion: These results provide data supporting the potential clinical use of green tea extract for the treatment of PCOS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Effect of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Extract on Bcl_2 and Bax Genes Expression in Gastric Cancerous Cell Line (AGS)
maryam Haghgoo Khomami Zahra DeilamiInroduction & Objective: Gastric cancer is second leading cause of cancer related death in the world. Use of herbal drugs because of having fewer side effects is of importance. The anticancer effects of catechin polyphenols in green tea have key role in promoting ca MoreInroduction & Objective: Gastric cancer is second leading cause of cancer related death in the world. Use of herbal drugs because of having fewer side effects is of importance. The anticancer effects of catechin polyphenols in green tea have key role in promoting cancer cells to apoptosis. The aim of this study is to determine the changes in the expression rate of Bax and Bcl_2 genes in AGS cells after treatment with green tea extract. Materials and Methods: Concentrations of 800, 1200, 2000 μg /ml of Green Tea extraction were treated in AGS cells as two groups 48 and 72 hours. Extraction of RNA, synthesis of cDNA and the study of genes expression was performed by Real time PCR and also GAPDH gene was used as reference gene. Results: The results of Real time PCR data analysis by 2- Ct method shows significant increase expression rate of Bax / Bcl_2 genes in doses of 800, 1200 and 2000 μg / ml for times of 48 and 72 hours. Conclusion: Green tea is the reason of increasing Bax/Bcl_2 ratio which it is dependent to concentration and time, and it can lead cancerous cell to programed cell death. This extract can be useful in the treatment of gastric cancer for patients with this cancer. To clarify the effective molecules and their mechanisms, further studies are undertaken on animal models and humans. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The effect of green tea supplementation and climbing to altitude on the serum level of Malondialdehyde and Glutathione Peroxidase In non-professional healthy mountaineer females
Azar Momtaz Mokhtar Nasiri -
Open Access Article
10 - Investigating the antifungal effect of green tea extract against eight plant pathogenic fungi
hadi rahanandeh Ezatollah SedaghatfarIn recent years, due to the indiscriminate use of chemical methods and pathogens becoming resistant to them, the use of medicinal plants to inhibit their activity has flourished. This study was conducted during 1996-94. The aim of this study is to investigate the antifu MoreIn recent years, due to the indiscriminate use of chemical methods and pathogens becoming resistant to them, the use of medicinal plants to inhibit their activity has flourished. This study was conducted during 1996-94. The aim of this study is to investigate the antifungal effect of green tea extract (Camellia sinensis) using water, ethanol and methanol solvents against eight species of plant pathogenic fungi including Rhizoctonia solani, R. oryzae-sativa, Sclerotium rolfsii, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, F. oxysporum and F. sporotrichioides were implemented. First, green tea extract was prepared. Then, using the extract mixing method, they were added in PDA culture medium at concentrations of 1000 ppm, 100 ppm and 10 ppm. Aqueous tea extract had the greatest effect on M. phaseolina fungi at concentrations of 1000 ppm and 100 ppm with 46.75% and 35.2%, respectively; S. sclerotiorum at 1000 ppm concentration by 36.11%. Methanolic extract also had the greatest effect on the above two fungi at a concentration of 1000 ppm, 45% and 35.12%, respectively. Ethanol extract showed the greatest effect on a wider range of fungi. This extract on 5 fungal isolates F. oxysporum, F. sporotrichioides, M. phaseolina, F. solani and S. sclerotiorum respectively 43.6%, 45.16%, 48.66%, 44.5% and 41.5% inhibited the growth of fungi on the surface of the Petri dish. These results showed that the effect of green tea extract is different based on the solvent, concentration and fungal isolate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Effects of Green Tea Extract and Modified Atmosphere Packaging on the Shelf Life of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) Minced at Refrigerated Storage
fatemeh noghaniAbstract[1]Green tea extract which contains high amount of poly phenols is known as effective anti-oxidants due to anti-bacterial and anti-virus effects of poly-phenols. The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of lowring temperature (3-5 oC), Green T MoreAbstract[1]Green tea extract which contains high amount of poly phenols is known as effective anti-oxidants due to anti-bacterial and anti-virus effects of poly-phenols. The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of lowring temperature (3-5 oC), Green Tea Extract (GTE) (800 ppm) and Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) (condition 50:5:45 for N2:O2:CO2) with normal or Aerobic packaging (AP), on the chemical and sensory characteristics of SCM within refrigerated storage. Results of Peroxide Value showed that all treatments can effectively protect SCM against oil oxidation, compared with AP, after 4 days. Using MAP and/or GTE treatments reduced the Free Fatty Acid (FFA) formation ratio, because, in contrast with AP treatment, FFA increased significantely (P<0.05), only after 16 days storage. Thiobarbitoric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) of AP samples in 16th days was 2.51±0.21 mg that was upper than accepted limits. Effects of GTE treatment on TBARS increasing was not significantly different compared with AP (P>0.05). pH trends was ascending and GTE and MAP treatments had no significant effects on pH increasing. According to sensory evaluation, MAP had higher total quality score compared with GTE treatment and showed no significant difference with MAP+TE during storage. Combined treatment (MAP+GTE) was selected as an effective method that can extend the shelf-life of SCM up to 4 days at refrigerated storage.*Corresponding authors; fnoghani@yahoo.com Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Evaluation of the effect of extracting solvent on antibacterial and antifungal properties of green tea
Aida Parvin N. AnarjanThe plant based antimicrobial compounds have received great attentions last decades. Among plant, green tea is a very interesting medicinal plant due to its various antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of solven MoreThe plant based antimicrobial compounds have received great attentions last decades. Among plant, green tea is a very interesting medicinal plant due to its various antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of solvent type on antimicrobial activity of gained extract. Three common solvent, namely, ethanol (80%), ethyl acetate and hexane were selected as polar, semi polar and non-polar solvents, respectively. The results indicated that among selected solvents, the ethanol (80%) had the highest extraction efficiency (7%) compared to ethyl acetate (3%) and hexane (2%). The antibacterial analysis was also shown that the obtained extract from ethanol (80%) possess the least minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration (250 mg/L) on either selected gram positive Staphylococcus aureus or gram negative E.coli bacteria. Consequently, it shows the highest antibacterial activity compared to other extracts. The ethanol based extract with obtained MIC and MBC concentrations gives antifungal effects as well, with 60% growth inhibition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Nanoencapsulation of green tea extract by thin film layer method and its properties
B. Noudoost N. Noori H. Gandomi A. Akhondzadeh BastiThe application of natural compounds including green tea extract (GTE) in food preparation and pharmaceutical industries is limited. Encapsulation in nanoliposomes could be used as a delivery system to protect these compounds during processing and storage. In this study MoreThe application of natural compounds including green tea extract (GTE) in food preparation and pharmaceutical industries is limited. Encapsulation in nanoliposomes could be used as a delivery system to protect these compounds during processing and storage. In this study physicochemical characterization, total phenol content and antibacterial and antioxidant activity of green tea extract encapsulated in nanoliposomes were evaluated. GTE was encapsulated in liposomes by thin film layer method and reached to nanoscale with sonication. The antioxidant activity of nanoliposomal GTE was estimated by DPPH assay. The antibacterial activity of nanoliposomal GTE against Bacillus cereus (ATCC11778), Salmonella typhimurium 138 phage type 2, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC19118) was determined using well diffusion technique. The mean diameter of nanoliposomes was about 44.7±1.9 nm and had 0.203±0.014 polydispersity index. Entrapment efficiency of nanoliposomal GTE under the optimum conditions was 97%. Antibacterial activity of GTE was significantly increased after encapsulation in nanoliposomes. The strongest antibacterial activity of nanoliposomal GTE was seen against L. monocytogenes with an inhibition zone of 16.2 mm while E. coli was the most resistance strain with an inhibition zone of 14 mm. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of GTE was significantly increased after nanoliposome encapsulation since the IC50 value of nanoliposomal GTE was decreased to 1.78 μg/ml. Nanoencapsulation effectively enhanced beneficial properties of GTE including antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Effect of green tea extract (Camellia sinensis) on polycystic ovary syndrome induced by letrozole in adult female Wistar rats
Seyed Iman Khodarahmi Pejman Mortazavi Akram EidiGreen tea (Camellia sinensis), has always been a focus of interest in traditional medicine for its biochemical and medicinal properties as an antioxidant agent. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy among women of reproductive age. In the present s MoreGreen tea (Camellia sinensis), has always been a focus of interest in traditional medicine for its biochemical and medicinal properties as an antioxidant agent. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy among women of reproductive age. In the present study, the effects of green tea extract on letrozole-induced PCOS were evaluated. Forty eight adult female Wistar rats were assigned to eight groups in random: healthy control group (no treatment), PCOS control group (letrozole at 1 mg/kg by gavage), three healthy experimental groups (green tea extract at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight by gavage), and three experimental PCOS groups (green tea extract at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight + letrozole at 1 mg/kg by gavage). On the 28th day (at the end of the experiment), the rats were euthanized, and the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and lipid peroxidation were assessed in the ovarian tissue homogenates. The results indicated that the green tea extract significantly increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation (p<0.001). Our results showed that the green tea extract was also effective in treating letrozole-induced PCOS in the rats by increasing the activities of the antioxidant enzymes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Effects of Green tea extract on liver histopathology and serum biomarkers of hepatic tissue injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
A.A Abolfathi علی Rezaie GH Mousavi M.R Valilou بهبود JafariThe aim of present study was to evaluate the liver injury as a complication of diabetes mellitus and to assess the hepatoprotective properties of Green tea extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. For this purpose, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly separated int MoreThe aim of present study was to evaluate the liver injury as a complication of diabetes mellitus and to assess the hepatoprotective properties of Green tea extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. For this purpose, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly separated into four groups, each containing 10 animals: Group 1, healthy control rats; Group 2, normal rats treated with Green tea extract (1.5%, w/v) was given in drinking water; Group 3, diabetic rats and Group 4, diabetic rats treated with Green tea extract (1.5%, w/v) in drinking water. The extract was injected in intraperitoneal route for a period of 8 weeks. Control groups received normal saline in similar manner. Diabetes was induced by single injection of STZ (75 mg/kg i.p.). At the end of experiment, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin and bilirubin were measured. For histopathological evaluation, tissue specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and 5 micron thick sections with H&E stain were prepared using routine hitopathological techniques. In diabetic rats, serum levels of functional liver markers were found to be significantly increased in comparison with control group (p<0.05), while this markers in diabetic rats treated with Green tea extract significantly decreased as compared to diabetic rats. Histopathological findings were in consistent with biochemical results. The data obtained proved that Green tea extract has hepatoprotective activity against diabetic hepatopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and green tea supplementation on apelin and fat profile of overweight and obese women
Abolfazl Hassani Pazaki Shahin Riyahi Malayeri Mahya Mohammadi Mojgan KamyabiIntroduction: Apelin as an adipokine is secreted from adipose tissue and affects various physiological processes, including the modulation of cardiovascular function, glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study is the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training and green t MoreIntroduction: Apelin as an adipokine is secreted from adipose tissue and affects various physiological processes, including the modulation of cardiovascular function, glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study is the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training and green tea supplementation on apelin and fat profile.Materials and methods: In this research, 32 overweight and obese non-athletes (age: 25-35 years old) in District 4 of Tehran were included in the study in four groups of 8 people including green tea and exercise group, green tea group, exercise group and control group. The training program was three days a week for 8 weeks and there was 48 hours of rest between sessions. The dose of green tea supplement was 3 capsules of 450 mg green tea extract per day after 3 main meals, breakfast, lunch and dinner. Then the serum level of apelin, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and BMI were determined before and after the study in the groups. Data analysis was done with SPSS 25 software and covariance test was used to compare the averages of the groups. Results: The findings of the research showed that eight weeks of aerobic training and green tea consumption had a significant difference on the effect of apelin in the studied groups compared to each other (P=0.043). Eight weeks of aerobic exercise and consumption of green tea did not have significant differences on cholesterol levels in the studied groups compared to each other (P=0.933). Eight weeks of aerobic training and consumption of green tea had a significant difference on (P=0.038) HDL and (P=0.012) LDL in the studied groups.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it seems that aerobic exercise along with green tea consumption reduces apelin levels and improves the body composition and fat profile of overweight and obese women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Effect of Plant Extracts and Packaging on Control of Microbial Property and Antioxidant Activity of Basil
narjes mansouri Mohammad Moghaddam fatemeh kazemi masomeh bahraini Hussain AroieeIn order to disinfection and increase the shelf life of vegetables, it is necessary to use natural compounds with suitable packaging. In this study, natural plant compounds were studied in reducing microbial load and their effect, along with two types of zip-plast and c MoreIn order to disinfection and increase the shelf life of vegetables, it is necessary to use natural compounds with suitable packaging. In this study, natural plant compounds were studied in reducing microbial load and their effect, along with two types of zip-plast and cellophane packaging on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of basil. Hydro-alcoholic extracts of green tea and Khorasani thyme were prepared. Basil leaves were exposed to concentrations of 10, 20 and 40 percent of the extracts for 15 minutes. Then they were placed in the packaging of cellophane and zip-plast and storage with a relative humidity of 85% and a temperature of 7°C. Reduced bacterial count was measured after basil treatment by the different concentrations mentioned in both extracts. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity basil were measured during the storage period for four periods. 40% concentration of green tea extract reduced the Enterobacteriaceae by 4.48 logarithms in basil samples. Extract concentration of 40% Khorasan thyme and green tea were able to bring coliform bacteria population to zero. In the survey of total phenolic content of basil during storage showed 10% concentration of Khorasan thyme extract at zip-plast packaging and in antioxidant activity of basil samples, 10% concentration of both extracts in zip-plast packaging had the least changes compared to fresh basil. In addition, green tea and Khorasan thyme extracts as natural compounds with high antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, along with zip-plast packaging, can be considered for increasing the shelf-life and reducing the microbial pollution of basil Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - مقایسه اثرات ضد میکروبی، ضد پلاک و ضد التهاب لثه توسط دهانشویه گیاهی با کلرهگزیدین در سگ
سعادت مشکلانی محمد جواهری کوپایی حسن ممتازمقدمه و هدف: بیماریهای دهان و دندان که عمدتا شامل بیماریهای التهابی لثه و بافت های نگه دارنده دندانها میباشند جزء شایع ترین بیماری ها در حیوانات خانگی به خصوص سگ هستند.هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی دهان شویه گیاهی حاوی عصاره گیاه چای سبز به منظور پیشگیری از تشکیل پلاک و ب Moreمقدمه و هدف: بیماریهای دهان و دندان که عمدتا شامل بیماریهای التهابی لثه و بافت های نگه دارنده دندانها میباشند جزء شایع ترین بیماری ها در حیوانات خانگی به خصوص سگ هستند.هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی دهان شویه گیاهی حاوی عصاره گیاه چای سبز به منظور پیشگیری از تشکیل پلاک و بیماری های دهان و دندان در سگ می باشد. روش تحقیق:به مظور دستیابی به این هدف، 20 قلاده سگ نر انتخاب شده و بصورت تصادفی به دو گروه شاهد (کلرهگزیدین 1/0%) و تیمار (دهان شویه گیاهی) تقسیم شدند. به منظور بررسی فلور دهانی،از محوطه دهانی سگ ها سواب تهیه شد و در محیط غنی کشت داده شد. همچنین از شاخص دندانی سیلنس لو به منظور بررسی تشکیل پلاک در ابتدا و انتهای مطالعه استفاده شد. نتایج و بحث:درصد کاهش باکتری های دهان در انتهای تحقیق به ترتیب در گروه شاهد و تیمار 90/84 و 41/73 درصد محاسبه گردید که تفاوت معنی دارای نشان می دهد. همچنین شاخص دندانی سیلنس لو در گروه شاهد 71/0 و در گروه تیمار 75/0 اندازه گیری شد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: نتایج حاصل نشان دهنده تأثیر مطلوب دهان شویه گیاهی بر روند پیشگیری از تشکیل پلاک و کاهش باکتری های دهان در حیوانات خانگی می باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - بررسی اثر حفاظتی اسپیرولینا، عصاره چای سبز و ویتامین E در مقابل استرس اکسیداتیو ناشی از کادمیوم بر روی مغز رت
امیر علی شهبازفر سید جمال امامی رضا اسدپورمقدمه و هدف: امروزه جلبک اسپیرولینا و چای سبز به عنوان یکی از مواد با فواید تغذیه ای فراوان شناخته شده اند. در تحقیق حاضر اثرات حفاظتی این دو ماده در جلوگیری از آسیب اکسیداتیو ناشی از کادمیوم بر روی مغز موش سوری مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و نتایج با اثرات حفاظتی ویتامین Moreمقدمه و هدف: امروزه جلبک اسپیرولینا و چای سبز به عنوان یکی از مواد با فواید تغذیه ای فراوان شناخته شده اند. در تحقیق حاضر اثرات حفاظتی این دو ماده در جلوگیری از آسیب اکسیداتیو ناشی از کادمیوم بر روی مغز موش سوری مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و نتایج با اثرات حفاظتی ویتامین E به عنوان یک انتی اکسیدان های قوی و شناخته شده مقایسه شد. روش تحقیق:روش تحقیق: بدین منظور تعداد‎‎‏30‏‎‎سر‎‎رت‎‎ماده‎‎بالغ‎‎ ‎به طور‎‎مساوی‎‎و‎‎تصادفی‎‎به‎‎پنج‎‎گروه‎‎تقسیم‎‎شدندو به مدت چهار هفته تحت رژیم درمانی قرار گرفتند. کنترل ، کادمیوم (مخلوط با جیره)، کادمیوم و محلول اسپیرولینا (محلول در آب)، کادمیوم وعصاره چای سبز ( محلول در آب)، کادمیوم و ویتامین E ( تزریق داخل صفاقی). در انتهای تحقیق موش ها به روش انسانی کشته شدند و مغز ها جهت تثبیت سازی در فرمالین انداخته شد. هیپوکامپ، caudate putamen، corpus callosum، قشر مخ و مخچه با میکروسکوپ نوری جهت مشاهده و بررسی ضایعات مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. نتایج و بحث: تغییرات پاتولوژیکی از قبیل نوروفاژی ، پرخونی، خون ریزی، نکروزو آتروفی نورون ها، کروماتولیز مزکزی، نکروز لایه ای و اسفنجی شدن در نواحی مختلف مغز مشاهده شد. هنگام استفاده از کادمیوم به تنهایی قطر لایه مولکولار و گرانولر مخچه و همچنین اندازه سلول های پورکنژ به طور قابل توجهی کاهش یافت. هنگام استفاده از اسپیرولینا همراه با کادمیوم تغییری در سلول های پورکنژ مشاهده نشد و تغییرات لایه های مخچه بسیار ناچیز بود (P<0.05). هم چنین ، اسپیرولینا شمار سلول های نکروز شده در هیپوکمپ و قشر مخ را به شدت کاهش داد. اسپیرولینا در مقایسه با عصاره چای سبز و ویتامین E اثر حفاظتی قوی تری در مقابل کادمیوم از خود نشان داد. عصاره چای سبز کمترین اثر را داشت. هیپوکمپ بیش از سایر نواحی مورد بررسی دچار ضایعات شده بود. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: نتایج نشان می دهند که اسپیرولینا یک منبع خوب از آنتی اکسیدان با خواصی حتی بهتر از ویتامین E می باشد و می تواند به تنهایی یا همراه با دیگر آنتی اکسیدان ها جهت جلوگیری از آثار مخرب ترکیبات اکسیداتیو مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using green tea extract and determination of its antibiofilm effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from wound infection
Behrooz Shojaee Sadi Shima Chehreii Mahla EsmaeiliBackground & Objectives: Owing to the antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles without causing resistance, such substances could be considered as an appropriate alternative to prevent bacterial biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to the biosynthesis of Z MoreBackground & Objectives: Owing to the antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles without causing resistance, such substances could be considered as an appropriate alternative to prevent bacterial biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to the biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using green tea extract and determination of its effect on biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates separated from wound infection. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, biosynthetic nanoparticles were evaluated by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Determination of antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of nanoparticles were done by micro broth dilution method. The antibiofilm activity was investigated using biofilm formation by O'Toole 2011 method. Results: The biosynthesis of nanoparticles was confirmed by analysis. The size of the nanoparticles was determined in the range of 10 to 90 with an average of less than 40 nm. The nanoparticles had anti-microbial activities in concentrations of 250, 500 and 1000 ug/mL and minimum inhibitory concentration of 500 ug/mL was reported. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of the nanoparticles rose with increasing the concentrations. Conclusion: The biosynthesis of nanoparticles with the extract has a variety of benefits such as simplicity, good stability, without energy consumption, less time-consuming, non-toxic wastes, economical efficiency, and large scale synthesis capability. According to the antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties, the use of these nanoparticles as coatings in medical equipment and food industries is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Effects of Green Tea Extract on Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Polyamide Packaging Film
Ali Asghar Barzegaran Maryam Jokar Majid Javanmard Dakheli -
Open Access Article
22 - The Effects of Aerobic Training and Green Tea Supplementation on Heart Rate and Blood Pressure among Overweight females
فاطمه Mohammadi Sijavandi طاهره Bagherpour نعمت الله NematiThe use of exercise along with herbal supplements is one of the proposed methods for controlling obesity and the complications of obesity, since there are variety of training programs and plant material. However, their exact efficacy is not yet clearly proven. Therefore MoreThe use of exercise along with herbal supplements is one of the proposed methods for controlling obesity and the complications of obesity, since there are variety of training programs and plant material. However, their exact efficacy is not yet clearly proven. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic training and green tea supplementation on heart rate and blood pressure among overweight. Thirty overweight healthy female subjects were selected in the age range of 35-25 years. Then, after similarization the groups based on body mass index (BMI) and age, they randomly named to one of three groups: aerobic exercise follow supplementation with green tea group (N=10), green tea supplementation group only (N=10), and exercise group were just aerobics (N=10). Aerobic exercises have been done for 7 weeks in 3 times per week and green tea supplementation was consumed during seven weeks in three times a week in the amount of 2 g after meals. Before and after the intervention period, heart rate, blood pressure and weight of the subjects were measured. One-way ANOVA were used. The results showed that systolic blood pressure follow aerobic training program combined with supplementation of green tea significantly reduced. However, heart rate was reduced in the aerobic exercise group only compared to the green tea supplement group Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The Effect of 12 Weeks of Green Tea Extract Consumption on Expression of Bax and bcl-2 Genes of Old ’Rats’ Heart Tissue in Response to Acute Exhaustive Exercise
Ahmad Kazemi Naser Behpoor Ahmad HematfarThe incidence of heart disease increases with age. Green tea is an antioxidant that can prevent cellular senescence. Mitochondria play a vital role in the intracellular pathway of apoptosis. Bax and bcl-2 proteins are the main regulators of mitochondrial apoptosis. Thus MoreThe incidence of heart disease increases with age. Green tea is an antioxidant that can prevent cellular senescence. Mitochondria play a vital role in the intracellular pathway of apoptosis. Bax and bcl-2 proteins are the main regulators of mitochondrial apoptosis. Thus, the present study is aimed at investigating the effect of 12 weeks of green tea extract consumption on expression Bax and bcl-2 genes of old rats’ heart tissue in response to acute exhaustive exercise. Thirty-two male rats were randomly assigned to two groups of supplement and non-supplement, each consisting of 16 rats. The supplement group received green tea extract for 12 weeks. At the end of the 12 weeks, each of these groups was further divided into two groups of rest and acute exhaustive exercise. The non-supplement with the rest group was called the control group. The non-supplement with exercise group was called exercise group, the supplement group with rest was called the supplement group and finally, the last group was entitled to supplement with exercise. After 12 weeks of taking green tea extract, one session of the acute exhaustive exercise was held on the treadmill. The real-time PCR method was used to measure the expression of Bax and bcl-2 genes. The results showed that 12 weeks of green tea extract consumption significantly reduced Bax gene expression and Bax to bcl-2 gene expression ratio and significantly increased cardiac tissue bcl-2 gene expression in response to acute exhaustive exercise. About acute exhaustive exercise session, it significantly increased Bax gene expression and Bax to bcl-2 gene expression ratio as well as significantly decreasing bcl-2 gene expression in heart tissue. The study concludes that 12 weeks of green tea extract can reduce Bax gene expression and Bax to bcl-2 gene expression ratio and significantly increase cardiac tissue bcl-2 gene expression at rest and after acute exhaustive exercise Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - of 4 Weeks of Morning Exercise and Green Tea Consumption on Obesity Indices in Obese Men
kyvan khoramipour abbasali gaeini amirhossein amirhekmatikarAbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of 4 weeks of morning exercise and green tea consumption on obesity indices in obese men. In this study, 384 obese men participated as subjects, who were divided into 4 groups, which were divided into groups: exercise MoreAbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of 4 weeks of morning exercise and green tea consumption on obesity indices in obese men. In this study, 384 obese men participated as subjects, who were divided into 4 groups, which were divided into groups: exercise (n=96), green tea (n=96), green tea and exercise (n=96), and control group (n=96). The training protocol was was 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks, each session consisting of 10 min of warm-up, 30 min of rhythmic aerobic activity, and 10 min of cooling down. Also, green tea was ingested 3 servings daily in the amount of 3 g of dry tea in 200 ml of water by the subjects of the two groups of green tea consumption, and green tea and exercise. Dependent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Bonferroni were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was no significant difference between age, height, weight, and BMI of the 4 groups before the study (p>0.05). Additionally, in the two groups of exercise, and green tea and exercise, body weight and body composition decreased significantly compared to the control group (P≥0.05), which showed the greatest decrease in the group of consumption of green tea and exercise. It can be concluded that drinking green tea alone can not have a significant effect on improving obesity indicators. However, sports activity alone had this capability. Moreover, the greatest benefit will be observed once consuming green tea is accompanied by exercise. Manuscript profile
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