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Open Access Article
1 - Auto and co-aggregation, hydrophobicity and adhesion properties of Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from Siahmazgi traditional cheese
Hassan Gandomi Azra Farhangfar Afshin Akhondzadeh basti Ali Misaghi Negin Noori -
Open Access Article
2 - Evaluation of antifungal effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and inhibitory effect on the production of germ tube in isolates of Candida albicans
Sohrabi Haghdoost, N., Zahraei Salehi, T., Sharifzadeh, A., khosravi, A. .Candida albicans is opportunistic yeast that may cause infection in predisposed individuals such as users of broad spectrum antibiotics. Increasing reports of candida strains resistance to common antifungal agents, has become a health concern. It is now clear that lacti MoreCandida albicans is opportunistic yeast that may cause infection in predisposed individuals such as users of broad spectrum antibiotics. Increasing reports of candida strains resistance to common antifungal agents, has become a health concern. It is now clear that lactic acid bacteria can produce antimicrobial compounds with the ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of this study was evaluation of antifungal effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and inhibitory effect on the production of germ tube in isolates of Candida albicans. In this study antifungal effect of acidic and neutral supernatant of L. plantarum were evaluated using agar dilution method. All isolates obtained from mycology research center of veterinary medicine of Tehran university. The effect of supernatant (acidic and neutral) on production of germ tube in Candida albicans fluconazole resistance isolates from oral, vaginal and nail lesion with a control (no treatment) were determined in broth medium after 1, 2 and 3 h of incubation. The average of germination of Candida albicans isolates nails, vagina and mouth treated with acidic supernatants were 3.48±0.87, 0 and 0 respectively. The germination of Candida albicans isolates treated with acidic supernatants significantly was reduced, compared with the control group (no treatment). Antifungal activity of acidic supernatant of L. plantarum against Candida albicans is very significant compared to neutral supernatant. Therefore, the use of L. plantarum is recommended for the prevention and treatment of infections caused by Candida albicans. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Effect of Sourdough Fermentation Containing Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri on the Sensory Properties, Physicochemical and Staling of Barley Bread
F. Dehghan Khalili Z. ErjaeeIntroduction: Barley flour is one of the most nutritious, inexpensive and rich fiber food stuff that has many applications in food industries especially in confectionary products. Nowadays, fibers role is very important in human health and preventing diseases such as ob MoreIntroduction: Barley flour is one of the most nutritious, inexpensive and rich fiber food stuff that has many applications in food industries especially in confectionary products. Nowadays, fibers role is very important in human health and preventing diseases such as obesity, heart disease, diabetes and cancers. Sourdough fermentation with interaction of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts is considered to play a key role in the improvement of flavor, texture and shelf-life properties of bakery products. In this study, bacterial lactic fermentation was performed by Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri as a primer mixture used to improve the characteristics of barley bread. Materials and Methods: In order to carry out the work, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri were cultured in a medium containing water and flour and used to produce sour paste for the production of barley bread. The amount of staling and physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of the product was determined after baking. Results: The results showed that the use of starters increased moisture content, pH, specific volume; decreased firmness and staling as compared to the control bread. Sourdough bread containing mixed starter gained higher organoleptic score as compared to the control bread. Conclusion: The application of mixed starters consisting of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus reuteri could be considered as a suitable starter culture for the production of sourdough and high quality bread. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Inoculation Effect of Arum conophalloides on Salmonella typhimurium Bacteria Using an Antibacterial Approach at Different Temperatures, Time Intervals, and Extract Concentrations
M. Razani H. Ahari A. A. Anvar V. Razavilar -
Open Access Article
5 - Isolation and Identification of L. plantarum from Iranian Fermented Cucumbers by Conventional Culture and PCR Methods
Z. Nilchian E. Rahimi S.H. Razavi M. Momeni Shahraki -
Open Access Article
6 - On computing the general Narumi-Katayama index of some graphs
S. Z. Aghamohammadi‎ -
Open Access Article
7 - Anti-plasmodial diterpenes from the roots of Hypoestes forsskaolii (Vahl) R.Br (Acanthaceae)
Fred Wanyonyi Sawenja Ruth Anyango Omole Peter Gakio Kirira Hamisi Masanja Malebo Alex Kingóri Machocho Richard Maveke Musau Isalah Omolo NdiegeEthno-pharmacological surveys previously revealed that Hypoestes forskalei (Vahl) Sol. Roemer & Schl.(Acanthaceae), a local medicinal plant, is one of the most widely used herbs in traditional malaria therapy by the Marakwet and Kisii communities in Kenya. This stud MoreEthno-pharmacological surveys previously revealed that Hypoestes forskalei (Vahl) Sol. Roemer & Schl.(Acanthaceae), a local medicinal plant, is one of the most widely used herbs in traditional malaria therapy by the Marakwet and Kisii communities in Kenya. This study was aimed at validating the indigenous medicinal knowledge claims on the efficacy of H. forskalei and its safety as a traditional anti-malarial drug. It involved the sequential solvent extraction of plant material, bioassay-guided separation and isolation of components, identification of anti-plasmodial principles of H. forskalei and determination of their cytotoxicity and selectivity. From the roots of H. forskalei, (3, 4a, 7, 7,10a-pentamethyl-1, 3-vinyl-dodecahydro-benzo[f]chromene (1) and (3,4a,7,7,10a-pentamethyl-3-vinyl-dodecahydrobenzo[f]chromen-8-ol (2) with moderate and mild anti-plasmodial activity at IC50 2.39±0.0 µg/mL (7.81 µM) and 4.34±0.03 µg/mL or 15.0 µM), respectively, were isolated plus the inactive kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (IC50 19.75±0.11 µg/mL or 65.40 µM) against Plasmodium falciparum D6 (CQ-sensitive) strain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Effect Of Lactobacillus plantarum (KC426951) Bacteria Isolated from the Intestine Of Rainbow Trout Guilan on Hematological Indices and Immune Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) Fry
Afshin Ghaljaei fard hossein khara Alireza Shenavar MasolehInroduction and Objective: The use of probiotics in aquaculture reduces the level of antimicrobial compounds (especially antibiotics), improve feed efficiency, strengthens the immune system, improve blood and the bacterial flora. The effects of the bacteria Lactobacillu MoreInroduction and Objective: The use of probiotics in aquaculture reduces the level of antimicrobial compounds (especially antibiotics), improve feed efficiency, strengthens the immune system, improve blood and the bacterial flora. The effects of the bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum (KC426951) isolated from the gut of rainbow trout Guilan province on some blood safety indicators examined the rainbow trout.Material and Methods:A total of 540 fry with an average weight 3/56±2/24 g (30 per treatment) were prepared. This study in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 3 replications for 60 days was investigated invivo.The treatment diets were: 106 (treatment 1), 107 (treatment 2), 108 (treatment 3), 109(treatment4) and 1010 (treatment5) CFU g-1 of lactobacillus plantarum and control treatment (treatment 6) without supplementation with probiotics was.Results: At the end of the experimental period,hematological and immune parameters were measured. Results showed that the highest levels of hematological indices contains WBC count in treatment 4, RBC count, Hb concentration blood , percent hematocrit , percent monocytes, percent eosinophils , MCHC in treatment 5, the MCV, MCH and percent eosinophils,in treatments 1 and percent neutrophilin controls, respectively. Also significant differences between treatments were examined, MCHC, MCH, percentage of monocytes and eosinophils were not observed(p>0.05). The highest levels of Immune factors , including Total serum immunoglobulins, IgM and Lysozym owned treatment 4 and lowest values are those belonging to the control group (pConclusions:The findings suggest that the scope of application of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria can be dose 109 - 1010 CFU / g food bacteria that stimulate the immune system as introduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and Mannan Oligosaccharide on growth performance and some digestive factors in Oncorhynchus mykiss
محمد حامد نجفی انفرادی فلورا محمدی زاده مهدی سلطانی امیر هوشنگ بحری نجمه شیخ زادهInroduction & Objective: Growth and immunity resistance of fish are the most important factors in aquaculture. therefore, many types of research in probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics for improving growth and immunity in fish have been studied in the last years. MoreInroduction & Objective: Growth and immunity resistance of fish are the most important factors in aquaculture. therefore, many types of research in probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics for improving growth and immunity in fish have been studied in the last years. Materials and Methods: In this study, effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and MOSon growth performance, digestive enzymes activity and intestine morphology of Oncorhynchus mykiss were studied. Juvenile rainbow trout (n=270) in 6 administration groups in 18 tanks were kept and fed with diets containing different doses (0.3 and 0.5 g kg-1 feed) of the probiotic, (2 g kg-1 feed) of prebiotic, (0.3+2 and 0.5+ 2g kg-1 feed of probiotic and prebiotic respectively) and a control group for 45 days. Results: Results showed a positive effect on growth performance and digestive enzymes activity in probiotic (0.3 and 0.5 g kg-1 feed of probiotic) and synbiotic groups compared to the control group(p<0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Biological control of bacterial wilt disease of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum by using isolated endophytic bacteria, Burkholderia cepacia, from tomato stems in vitro and in vivo
Saghar Ketabchi Mina AlikhaniRalstonia solanacearum is the cause of tomato bacterial wilt. Under favorable environmental conditions, it can cause rapid wilt and a lot of damage, and there is no practical remedy for it. The aim of this study was to separate endophytic bacteria B. cepacia from tomato MoreRalstonia solanacearum is the cause of tomato bacterial wilt. Under favorable environmental conditions, it can cause rapid wilt and a lot of damage, and there is no practical remedy for it. The aim of this study was to separate endophytic bacteria B. cepacia from tomato stems of local cultivar and then to study the biocontrol effect of this bacteria against the bacterial wilt of tomatoes. In this study four endophytic bacteria from tomato stem were isolated. Then after identification with bacteriology standard tests in order to investigation of their antagonistic effect and also effect on the growth rate of the plant in vitro with seed diffusion agar method were examined. Result of biochemical tests showed that all of endophytic bacteria which isolated from tomato stem were B. cepacia. In in vitro condition on the seed with B. cepacia bacteria in medium containing R. solanacearum bacteria showed the formation of 2- to-4.5 –mm haloes. In greenhouse conditions, these bacteria caused a suppression of the disease by about 60% and a significant increase in tomato plants, and a significant difference with the control was observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Effect of medicinal plants against common pistachio psyllid under laboratory conditions
حسن زین الدینی زهرا sheybani محمد رضا hasaniAgonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) is the most important key pest of pistachio trees in Iran. Chemical control is the most effective and accessible method to control this pest. But, the environmental problems caused by the overuse of t MoreAgonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) is the most important key pest of pistachio trees in Iran. Chemical control is the most effective and accessible method to control this pest. But, the environmental problems caused by the overuse of the synthetic insecticide have been a source of concern in recent years. Botanical insecticides are recognized as proper alternatives to conventional insecticides. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the toxicity of extracts from Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) and Carum copticum L. (Apiaceae) against 5th instar nymphs of common pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) under laboratory conditions.. Bioassay was carried out using a dipping technique. Probit analysis of concentration-mortality data was conducted to estimate the LC50 value. The results showed that A. millefolium and C. copticum extracts were effective on A. pistaciae. C. copticum with an LC50 value of 749.95 mL/L was more toxic than A. millefolium (914.33 mL/L) on 5th instar nymphs of A. pistaciae. But, according to the LC50 values, no significant differences were observed between A. millefolium and C. copticum 24 h post-treatment. Our results suggest that the extracts of A. millefolium and C. copticum are suitable compounds to control of A. pistaciae Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Investigation on fumigant toxicity of four plant-derived essential oils on Bruchus pisorum (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
A. R. JalalizandBruchus pisorum (coleoptera, Bruchidae) is one of the most important pests of stored products. Regarding the limitation in using chemicals in stored product, search on alternatives to control the pest is necessary. Essential oils with low toxicity to human, MoreBruchus pisorum (coleoptera, Bruchidae) is one of the most important pests of stored products. Regarding the limitation in using chemicals in stored product, search on alternatives to control the pest is necessary. Essential oils with low toxicity to human, animals and environment are good alternatives in pest management. The effect of four essential oils of Carumcarvi, Ferula gommosa, Mentha piperital, Pelargonium roseum on mortality adulte of B. pisorum has been investigated under laboratory conditions. All the essential oils were toxic to B. pisorum. However, the essential oil of P. roseum and C.carvi induced the highest mortality of the pest. All experiments have been done at 30±2oc, RH (65%) and photoperioded 8:16, D:L and mortality were recorded until 72 hours. All Lc50 of essential oils were between 1.22 to 49.94 ppm that showed high toxicity for pests.C.carvi essential oil was the most toxic with Lc50 equal to 1.72 ppm and F. gommosa was lowest toxic in four essential oils tested with Lc50 equal to 49.94 ppm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The inhibitory effect of Thymus vulgaris and Carum copticum essential oil on the growth of Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of potato stem canker in vitro and greenhouse conditions
Dariush Shahriari nazanin Alibeyk Tehrani mojdeh MalekiPotato is one of the most important food and economic crops in all over the world, Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of stem canker causes high loss of the product quality and quantity annually. In this study, the effects of two essential oils of Thyme and Carum, wer MorePotato is one of the most important food and economic crops in all over the world, Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of stem canker causes high loss of the product quality and quantity annually. In this study, the effects of two essential oils of Thyme and Carum, were investigated on the colony growth rate and inhibitory growth in concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm on PDA medium. In vitro tests, essential oils of thyme and Carum in two concentrations of 0.5 and 0.75, the combination of thyme 0.25+ Carum 0.25 and Rovral-Ts fungicide at 1.5 at 1000 were evaluated in a completely randomized block design in four replications. The tubers substratum cultivated in soil contaminated by R. solani that planted in pots were inoculated by essential oils and fungicides. The disease severity data were recorded and scored six weeks after inoculation using Das scale. The results demonstrated that fungal growth rate under treatment by Thyme at 500 ppm (21.63 mm /day) and Carum (17.7 mm/day) and thyme + Carum (67.85) essences were more than 50 percent growth inhibitory. The results of disease severity index in greenhouse revealed that Thyme and Carum essences and Rovral-Ts fungicide respectively by 28.1, 35.92 and 17.17 percent were successful in disease control as well as the mean of fresh and dry weight of shoot area under Thyme treatment increased relatively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Isolation and identification of lactobacilli from Iranian olive samples
Sheida Ghadiry-Afshar Roozbeh Yalfani Mehdi EbrahimiProbiotics are defined as live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host and they can prevent from or cure some diseases. Most probiotics are strains of Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus species. The Lactobacillus genu MoreProbiotics are defined as live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host and they can prevent from or cure some diseases. Most probiotics are strains of Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus species. The Lactobacillus genus consists of a genetically and physiologically diverse group of rod-shaped, Gram-positive, non-spore forming, non-pigmenetd, catalase negative and microaerophilic to strictly anaerobic. Olive green is one of the oldest plant which used as an important food and has a key role in health, prevention and control of digestive, blood, and heart disease. It may be a proper carier for transporting of probiotics. Therefore, this property of olive green evaluated. In this study, 16 olive sample (packed, unpacked, and crude) were prepared to isolation of Lactobacilli. After isolation of total bacteria, morphological, cultural, and biochemical tests were used to identification of lactobacillus species. Finally, 4 strain of Lactobacillus plantarum and 1 strain of Lactobacillus acidophilus were identified. Our results shows that, in addition to many food advantages, olive green can be a carrier of probiotics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Effect of Aloe vera gel on chemical, sensorial and viability of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum in low fat ice cream
S. Rouhzadeh S. BahramianAmong dairy products, ice cream is very popular all over the world. Therefore, in this research, the possibility of producing probiotic ice cream containing Aloe vera gel was investigated. For this purpose, Aloe vera gel at concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% was add MoreAmong dairy products, ice cream is very popular all over the world. Therefore, in this research, the possibility of producing probiotic ice cream containing Aloe vera gel was investigated. For this purpose, Aloe vera gel at concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% was added to ice cream samples and its effect on the survival of Lactobacillus plantarum was investigated. Besides, some chemical and sensory properties of ice cream were evaluated. The results of this study showed that the addition of Aloe vera gel did not have any significant effect on the acidity, moisture, and fat content of probiotic ice cream samples, but the microbial count and sensory properties of this product were significantly (p < 0.05) affected. During storage, in the samples containing 10% and 15% Aloe vera gel, the number of probiotic bacteria increased to 8.15 and 8.19 log CFU/ml, respectively. The overall sensory evaluation of ice cream samples showed that the highest sensory rating was related to the treatment containing 10% Aloe vera gel. It was concluded that considering the sensory acceptance and survival of probiotic bacteria L. plantarum, the ice cream containing 10% Aloe vera gel was the best treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Possibility of Biarum carduchcorum application as vegetable rennet in production of Iranian white cheese
H. Golkari H.R. Gheisari S.S. Shekarforoush M. Aminlari M. RaeisiNumerous attempts have been made to replace calf rennet with another milk-clotting protease because of limited supply and the high price of calf rennet.Biarum carduchcorum is rich in protease activities, therefore it is a probable candidate for substitution. No systemat MoreNumerous attempts have been made to replace calf rennet with another milk-clotting protease because of limited supply and the high price of calf rennet.Biarum carduchcorum is rich in protease activities, therefore it is a probable candidate for substitution. No systematic study on the Biarum carduchcorum and its enzyme characteristics have been conducted so far. The purpose of this study was to prepare Biarumextract, determination of its protease activity for milk clotting and production of Iranian white cheese and study on the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of the product. After the cheese production by the vegetable extract (0.5% concentration) organoleptic, textural properties and nitrogen solubility index (NSI) were analyzed during 45 days of ripening compared to the control sample. The results of this study showed that the optimal protease activity of the extracted enzymes for milk clotting was at 45 oC, pH= 5 and 15 mmol/ml concentration of CaCl2.The cheese sample that was manufactured with vegetable enzyme had a bitter flavor and sharper odor. At textural analysis, the cheese had a lower hardness. Assessment of proteolysis during the cheese ripening by NSI measurement showed that the proteolysis severity of cheese sample produced with vegetable enzyme was significantly higher than the control sample. Therefore, it seems that aqueous extract ofBiarum in concentration used for the production of Iranian white cheese cannot be a suitable substitute for rennet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis on technological properties of sourdough and voluminous bread quality
M. Gharekhani M. Aalami M.A. Hejazi Y. Maghsoudlou M. Khomeiri G. NajafianSourdough applications in bread production are rising in recent decades continuously due to consumers' desire for natural products containing less chemical preservatives. In sourdough, lactic acid bacteria play a key role in the fermentation process. In this study Lacto MoreSourdough applications in bread production are rising in recent decades continuously due to consumers' desire for natural products containing less chemical preservatives. In sourdough, lactic acid bacteria play a key role in the fermentation process. In this study Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis as single starter and their mixture as a mixed starter were used in the preparation of sourdough. The results showed that the use of single starters increased diacetyl and hydrogen peroxide of sourdough and sourdough fermented with mixed starter had the highest content of diacetyl and hydrogen peroxide. In the end sourdough fermentation period the highest lactic acid bacteria count was associated with sourdough containing L. sanfranciscensis. Effects of different starters were significant on the pH of TTA of sourdough, dough and bread, and also resulted in decreased pH and increased of TTA compared to control bread. The results of the assessment of physicochemical and organoleptic properties of bread showed that sourdough containing mixed starter resulted in increasing of height, specific volume and porosity; however, it reduced the hardness of bread crust and crumb, and retarded the emergence of mold colonies. Sourdough bread containing mixed starter gained the highest score of organoleptic properties. Therefore the use of mixed starters consisting of L. plantarum and L. sanfranciscensis could be considered as a suitable starter culture for the production of sourdough and high quality bread. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Effect of attenuated lactobacillus plantarum as adjunct starter on lipolysis and organoleptic characteristics of UF white cheese
رامین Atazadeh گیتی Karim جواد Hesari شهرام Hanifian The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of attenuated adjunct culture of lactobacillus plantarum on the lipolysis of UF-white cheese as measured by acid degree value, the fatty acids profile, physicochemical, microbial and sensory chara More The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of attenuated adjunct culture of lactobacillus plantarum on the lipolysis of UF-white cheese as measured by acid degree value, the fatty acids profile, physicochemical, microbial and sensory characteristics during ripening. The results showed that, treated UF cheeses exhibited no significant (p>0.05) differences in chemical composition (dry matter, fat, salt and pH) in comparison with the control UF cheeses throughout 60 days of ripening. Total bacterial count and mesophilic lactobacillus count in the UF cheeses using attenuated adjunct starter were significantly (p<0.01) higher than the control cheeses after 45 days of ripening. The results of fatty acid profiles revealed that due to increasing of the lipolysis in the first 30 days of ripening, the samples containing attenuated adjunct lactobacillus plantarum had significantly (p< 0.01) lower percentages of fatty acids with medium and short chains (C4:0-C14:0) in comparison with the control cheeses while the percentage of fatty acids with long chains (C16:0-C18:3) increased. Acid degree value, as indicated by total free fatty acids was significantly (p<0.01) higher in cheeses using attenuated adjunct lactobacillus plantarum. In organoleptic evaluation, UF cheeses received significantly (p<0.01) higher total scores than the control samples on day 45. Finally, it could be concluded that cheeses produced by attenuated adjunct lactobacillus plantarum have more nutritional quality than the control UF cheeses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Effect ofand as probiotic on decreased absorption of cadmium in rat
M. Majlesi Shekarforoush S.S. Shekarforoush S.S. H.R. Ghaisari S. Nazifi J. Sajedianfard Cadmium is a wide-spread heavy metal that causes a wide range of health problems in animals and humans. Many reports showed the biosorption of heavy metals by bacteria. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the potency of probiotics bacteria of Lactobacil More Cadmium is a wide-spread heavy metal that causes a wide range of health problems in animals and humans. Many reports showed the biosorption of heavy metals by bacteria. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the potency of probiotics bacteria of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus coagulans against cadmium adsorption in rats. Twenty four male adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups. Cadmium treated groups received 1 ml of 100 µg/ml CdCl2 and probiotics groups were administrated 1 ml of (109 CFU/ml) of probiotics during 24 days by special gavage needle once daily. Levels of cadmium were determined by using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Probiotics B. coagulans and L. plantarum caused 29.8% and 19.3% increasing in removal of cadmium through defecation and decreased 10.9 and 21.5 % of cadmium accumulation in kidney of Wistar rats. The results showed that oral administration of both probiotics offered a significant protective effect against cadmium adsorption in rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Study on physico-chemical properties of emulsion type sausage produced with aqueous extract of Biarum carduchcorum tenderizied meat
M. Raeisi S.S. Shekarforoush M. Aminlari H. GolkariIn order to improve the quality of meat such as tenderness, protein solubility, emulsification and water holding capacity, in the food industries, various methods have been employed. Application of the plant enzymes is considered as one of the most efficient methods for MoreIn order to improve the quality of meat such as tenderness, protein solubility, emulsification and water holding capacity, in the food industries, various methods have been employed. Application of the plant enzymes is considered as one of the most efficient methods for meat tenderization. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the characteristics of emulsion type sausage made from tenderized cattle meat by hydro extract of Biarum carduchcorum. The proteolytic activity of the extract was determined using bovine milk casein as substrate. Post rigor thigh meat were tenderized by 100 and 150 enzyme units/ kg of the extract before used for production of sausage. Fresh post rigor thigh meat was used as control. Nitrogen solubility index (NSI), stability of sausage emulsion, texture analysis and organoleptic properties of sausages were determined. Our results showed a significant increase in the NSI of the experimental groups compared with the control (P<0.05). Such increase was also considerable when the enzyme concentration and the exposure time were increased. Stability of the emulsion of sausage was also significantly increased. Even though, the tenderness and emulsifying power were improved, texture and organoleptic properties of the final products were not affected. Our study showed that Biarum carduchcorum is a proper tenderizing agent to employ in meat industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum on microbial population of Iranian fermented pickle
زهرا Nilchian S.H Razavi ابراهیم Rahimi Pickle fermentation is a natural process in which microorganisms could affect the quality of the product. Amongst, Lactobacillus plantarum strains that improve the quality of fermented pickle. In this study, in order to produce safe and desirable fermented More Pickle fermentation is a natural process in which microorganisms could affect the quality of the product. Amongst, Lactobacillus plantarum strains that improve the quality of fermented pickle. In this study, in order to produce safe and desirable fermented pickle, local cucumbers were immersed in 5% and 7% (w/v) brine solutions. The samples were inoculated with 0, 4 ´106, 4 ´107 and 6 ´108 cfu/ml of L. plantarum. The samples were kept at ambient temperature for 15 days followed by 30 days storage at 4 °C and 25 °C. The bacterial populations were analyzed during the aforementioned stages of fermentation and storage. According to the results, the maximum quantity (8.57 log10 cfu/ml) of L. plantarum was observed in the 9 day of fermentation and in the samples inoculated with 6 ´108 cfu/ml and kept in 5% brine solution. Moreover, compared to the other samples, the population of yeasts and aerobic mesophilic count were the least in the samples inoculated with 6 ´108 cfu/ml of L. plantarum and stored in 7% brine solution. During the storage period, the population of L. plantarum, yeasts and aerobic mesophilic in the samples stored at 25 °C were higher than the samples stored at 4 °C. Results revealed that in the 30 day of storage, the highest load (5.47 log10 cfu/ml) of L. plantarum was observed in the samples kept in 7% brine solution at 4 °C. It was concluded that providing the condition that favors the appropriate growth of L. plantarum could help to hinder the growth of undesirable organisms in fermented pickle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Genetic assessment of some populations of the medicinal plant Caraway (Carum carvi) using RAPD and ISSR markers
leila fahmideh Lila Jani pour Bahman Fazeli-NasabRAPD and ISSR markers were used in the present study to determine genetic relationship and distance between some populations of Carum carvi. Amplification of genomic DNA all population using RAPD analysis yielded 126 fragments, where TIBMBA02 and TIBMBA08 had the minimu MoreRAPD and ISSR markers were used in the present study to determine genetic relationship and distance between some populations of Carum carvi. Amplification of genomic DNA all population using RAPD analysis yielded 126 fragments, where TIBMBA02 and TIBMBA08 had the minimum number of fragments (7) and TIBMBC05 had the maximum number of fragments, (22). ISSR marker yielded 79 fragments, where UBC112 and UBC809had the minimum (1) and maximum (15) fragments, respectively. The Diversity Index value of RAPD primers ranged from 0.8 (TIBMBA02) to 0.94 (TIBMBC05) and also Shanoon Diversity and Nei diversity were 0.57 and 0.38, respectively. In ISSR primers The Diversity Index value ranged from 0.0 (UBC112) to 0.92 (UBC809) and also Shanoon Diversity and Nei diversity were 0.57 and 0.39 respectively. According to ISSR and RAPD markers in combination, maximum genetic similarity (0.48) was observed between Kerman and Jandagh Carum carvi while the minimum similarity (0.115) was observed between Kerman and Neishabour Carum carvi with average 0.315. Also, cluster analysis segregated all populations into 3 groups according to geographical zone. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Biochemical defense response of the greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) to complex disease caused by a root-knot nematode and Fusarium wilt fungus
Mehdi Mohamadian Sarcheshmeh Saeed Rezaee Alireza IranbakhshComplex disease caused by the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, and the fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum, has limited cucumber cultivation in Iran. Therefore, access to the nematode-resistant cultivars has a crucial role in disease control. MoreComplex disease caused by the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, and the fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum, has limited cucumber cultivation in Iran. Therefore, access to the nematode-resistant cultivars has a crucial role in disease control. The Assessment of plant defense compounds in the Complex disease helps understand the molecular mechanisms of resistance and the production of nematode-resistant cultivars. After inoculation of the plants in a greenhouse, the peroxidase enzyme and the phenolic compounds were measured using spectrophotometric method. The experiment was conducted based on a factorial completely randomized designed with 14 treatments, including control, fungi alone, nematode alone in four inoculations level viz. 1500, 3000, 4500, and 6000 J2s, fungus + nematode simultaneously, and fungus a week after nematode inoculation with 4 replications. Phenolic compounds increased by %54.74 and %92.34 and peroxidase enzyme activity increased by %50.64 and %63.31 in plants inoculated with fungus alone and nematode alone (6000 larvae) compared to the control, showing that these substances act as defensive compounds in cucumber. Results showed that increasing the nematode population in inoculated plants improved the defense compounds levels. Inoculation of nematode (6000 larvae) followed by fungus led to %80 and %54.48 increases in phenolic compounds and peroxidase activity, respectively as compared with the control which might be attributed to the synergistic effects of pathogens. The fungi had a more active role than nematodes in increasing the peroxidase compared to the phenolic compounds, which indicated the complex nature of nematode parasitism in the nematode-plant interaction. Decrease in the defense compounds in Negin cultivar (susceptible to Fusarium) and increase in the level of these compounds in Khasib (tolerant to Fusarium) and Dastjerdi (tolerant to nematode) cultivars showed that the production of the defensive compounds may be related to the cucumber resistance to pathogens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The effect of drought stress on the efficiency of rhizobial bacteria symbiotic with faba bean Barkat variety
Mohammad hossein ArzaneshIn order to investigate the effect of drought stress on some growth parameters and nodulation index, the symbiotic efficiency of rhizobial isolates an experiment in controlled greenhouse conditions in the form of a completely randomized design with 21 rhizobial isolates MoreIn order to investigate the effect of drought stress on some growth parameters and nodulation index, the symbiotic efficiency of rhizobial isolates an experiment in controlled greenhouse conditions in the form of a completely randomized design with 21 rhizobial isolates, a negative control treatment (without rhizobial bacteria) and a control treatment Positive (no bacteria with nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of 70 mg/kg from urea source) and 3 repetitions were done in 2013. Different levels of drought stress including drought in two levels S0 (100% of field capacity (control or no drought stress)), S3 (55% of field capacity (severe stress)), which by adding different concentrations of zero and 310 grams per liter of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) was applied to the nutrient solution after one week of seedling germination. The results of statistical analyzes showed that drought stress had a significant reduction effect on shoot dry weight, shoot water content, nitrogen content, symbiotic efficiency of rhizobial isolates and nodulation index. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Study the antimicrobial effects of the essential oils of Origanum vulgare, Mentha piperita and Carum carvi on the bacteria isolates from food stuffs
Mehrdad Ataie KachoueiThe need to replace synthetic preservatives with a natural resource has caused the food manufacturers to use from the medicinal plants as a reservoir. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of essential oils extracted from Origanum vulga MoreThe need to replace synthetic preservatives with a natural resource has caused the food manufacturers to use from the medicinal plants as a reservoir. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of essential oils extracted from Origanum vulgare, Mentha piperita and Carum carvi on the Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium isolated from food products. After preparation of medicinal plants, essence extraction was done using the Clevenger device and antimicrobial effects of essences were evaluated on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium isolated from raw milk and meat. Diameter of inhibition zone each essences was determined using the simple disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar. Bacterial strains isolates of meat were more resistant to all tested essences but the pattern of the effectiveness of essential oils on isolated strains were similar in both sources. Essential oil extracted from Origanum vulgare had the highest antimicrobial effect on S. aureus and the lowest on E. coli, Mentha piperita had the highest antimicrobial effect on E. coli and the lowest on S. aureus and Carum carvi had the highest antimicrobial effect on S. aureus and the lowest on S. typhimurium. According to the antibacterial effects of the mentioned essential oils, the possibility of their application as an antimicrobial preservatives in meat and its products and also dairy products dairy is exist. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The study of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum on slime- producing Staphylococcus aureus
Nazila Arbab Soleimani Maryam MahdaviThe present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the antibiotic resistance pattern of Bacillus cereus in ice cream, cake, cheese, and infant formula. For this purpose, 600 samples were prepared from food sales centers in Tehran and transferred to the quality c MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the antibiotic resistance pattern of Bacillus cereus in ice cream, cake, cheese, and infant formula. For this purpose, 600 samples were prepared from food sales centers in Tehran and transferred to the quality control laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and cultured on the special culture medium of Bacillus cereus, MYP, which contained polymyxin B supplement and egg yolk. Then, from the pink colonies, gram staining and catalase test were performed and the sensitivity of the isolated bacteria to ampicillin, penicillin, vancomycin, cefazolin, methicillin, cefixime, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, cefepime and tetracycline was evaluated based on the disc diffusion method. According to the results, no contamination with B. cereus was observed in any of the cake, cheese and ice cream samples. However, out of 150 infant formula samples, 30 samples were infected with B. cereus (18 samples < 10 CFU/g, 7 samples had 10-102 CFU/g, and 5 samples>102 CFU/g). B. cereus isolated from infant formula has the highest sensitivity to vancomycin (67.76%), tetracycline (70%), and chloramphenicol (33.63%) antibiotics and had the highest level of resistance to penicillin (100%), cefixime antibiotics (100%) and ampicillin (67.96%). The general results indicated a significant prevalence of B. cereus in the tested milk, which due to the growing trend of using milk powder and more importance to the quality and health evaluation of milk powders for consumption, contamination investigation and preventive approaches should be given more attention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The use of peel extract of pomegranate in apple juice as a preservative against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrstris
zeinab Rezvanifard mohammad reza Eshaghi Mehdi HasanzadehAbstractThe aim of this work was to study the influence of pomegranate peel methanol extract on the Lactobacillus plantarum PTCC 1058, Saccharomyces cerevisiae PTCC 5269 and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris ATCC 49025 in apple juice. Three different concentration of pom MoreAbstractThe aim of this work was to study the influence of pomegranate peel methanol extract on the Lactobacillus plantarum PTCC 1058, Saccharomyces cerevisiae PTCC 5269 and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris ATCC 49025 in apple juice. Three different concentration of pomegranate peel extract (250, 500 and 1000 μg /ml) and control sample were prepared. The samples were stored at 4 °C for 60 days and acidity, pH value, microbial analysis, brix value were conducted at zero, 30 and 60 days. Physicochemical properties showed that acidity soured and pH decreased with increasing extract concentration. Turbidity was increased and brix value was decreased in storage time. Turbidity amount in 60th day were increased but treatment with 500 μg /ml had minimum turbidity. These results suggest the potential of pomegranate peel methanol extract as bio preservatives and have effect on decrease of turbidity in apple juice under refrigerated storage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Investigating effect of pH and concentration of strawberry juice on the viability of Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum
Tahereh Berimavandi Vajiheh Fadaei NoghaniIn this studyresearch, probiotic strawberry juice was produced using probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum and four factors brix (9,11,13), pH (3,4), time (0,7,14,21,28) and bacteria (Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum) were stu MoreIn this studyresearch, probiotic strawberry juice was produced using probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum and four factors brix (9,11,13), pH (3,4), time (0,7,14,21,28) and bacteria (Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum) were studied using factorial design in a completely randomized factorial design; and some physicochemical properties (pH, acidity, vitamin C and soluble solids) and probiotic bacterial population of probiotic strawberry juice were measured. The result showed that during storage time, pH, vitamin C, total soluble solids and bacterial population decreased (p<0.05) and acidity increased (p<0.05). With increasing the brix, acidity, soluble solids and bacterial population increased (p<0.05) and vitamin C decreased (p<0.05). With increasing pH, Vitamin C and bacterial population increased (p<0.05) and acidity decreased (p<0.05). The results showed Lactobacillus casei was higher; also, the highest viability of probiotic bacteria in pH = 4, brix= 13 and storage time zero was observed. Keywords: Strawberry, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, probiotic juice Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The binding of Aflatoxin M1 to Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria in yogurt drink and its assessment by HPLC quantification method
Roghayeh Sokoutifar Vadood Razavilar Seyed Amir Ali Anvar Shahram ShoeibiVarious foods, including dairy products, may be contaminated with aflatoxin, which even in small amounts has harmful effects on human and animal health. A limited number of probiotics attach and or break down aflatoxins in foods and edible substances. The aim of this st MoreVarious foods, including dairy products, may be contaminated with aflatoxin, which even in small amounts has harmful effects on human and animal health. A limited number of probiotics attach and or break down aflatoxins in foods and edible substances. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum probiotics and their combinations on the removal of or coupling with aflatoxin M1 in yoghurt drink (Doogh). In this study, 72 treatment and control groups were prepared in three replicates. The groups were included four groups of bacterial L. acidophilus, L. plantarum, and a combination of them, and finally with a non-bacterial group as control (in general four groups). Doogh was prepared at different temperatures (4, 21 and 37 °C) was being before stored for 2, 11 and 30 days. The maximum level of aflatoxin degraded was done in industrial Doogh affected by L. acidophilus plus L. plantarum at all assigned temperatures and days. This maximum level was measured on the second day (100.00 ± 0.86), eleventh day (100.00 ± 1.27) and thirtieth day (100.00 ± 0.60). The results suggest a better food security in using industrial Doogh compared to traditional one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Evaluation of probiotic characteristics and intraspecific diversity of Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from different foods by RAPD-PCR
dina shahrampour morteza khomeiri mahbobeh kashiri seyed mohhamad ali RazaviThe aim of this study was to evaluate the intra-species diversity of 10 strains of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from different foods including fermented olives, jar cheese, camel milk and sourdough using RAPD-PCR method also to compare their probiotic potential. The MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the intra-species diversity of 10 strains of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from different foods including fermented olives, jar cheese, camel milk and sourdough using RAPD-PCR method also to compare their probiotic potential. The results showed that different banding patterns were created by three types of primers for different strains and according to the similarity matrix drawn by NTSYS software based on Jacard coefficient, a total of 10 strains were divided into two main branches and seven subgroups. The two strains of KAO 17 and KAO 64 isolated from fermented olives were most similar. In addition, the probiotic properties of L. plantarum isolates were evaluated different at strain levels. The results of immunoassay showed that all different strains of L. plantarum were gamma-hemolytic and resistant to vancomycin and their resistance to other common antibiotics was different. Strains isolated from jar cheese containing KMC 37 and KMC 45 had the highest acid resistance. On the other hand, resistance to 0.3% of bile salt showed that there was no significant difference in this regard between the strains isolated from fermented olives and the KMM 5 strain had the highest resistance. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of the strains against gram-positive pathogenic bacteria L. monocytogenes and gram-negative E. coli was different and the highest antibacterial activity belonged to the KMC 45 strain. Therefore, according to the intended purpose, each of the L. plantarum strains can be suggested as a probiotic culture in the food or pharmaceutical Industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Removal of aflatoxin M1 from milk by adding probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. plantarum, and Saccharomyces boulardii
reza khadivi boroujeni vadood razavilar Seyed Amir Ali Anvar behruz Akbari ArdaganiThe current study aimed at removing aflatoxin (0.5 and 0.75 ng/mL) from the reconstituted milk by adding three probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. plantarum and Saccharomyces boulardii in the cell concentration of 107 and 109 CFU/mL at 4°C and 37°C within 30 MoreThe current study aimed at removing aflatoxin (0.5 and 0.75 ng/mL) from the reconstituted milk by adding three probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. plantarum and Saccharomyces boulardii in the cell concentration of 107 and 109 CFU/mL at 4°C and 37°C within 30 and 90 minutes. The highest activity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the removal of aflatoxin M1 was observed in the cell concentration of 107 CFU/mL and 0.75 ng/mL toxin concentration at 37°C (Figure 1) after 90 minutes exposure (64.31% ± 3.79%) and had no significant difference with the optimum value at 30 minutes exposure (63.86% ± 5.00%) (P >0.05). Regardless of aflatoxin M1 and probiotics concentrations, the highest mean marginal estimation of aflatoxin M1 removal from the milk at 4°C in the early minutes belonged to L. plantarum, which gradually became identical for all the three probiotics until the minute 90. The potential of S. boulardii in removing aflatoxin M1 from the milk (96.88% ± 3.79%) gradually increased within the initial minutes (90 minutes) with increasing the concentration of aflatoxin M1 (0.75 ng/mL) and the yeast by 109 CFU/mL at 37°C; binding affinity also decreased with decreasing the temperature. The results of the current study indicated that 107 CFU/mL of S. boulardii can efficiently remove aflatoxin M1 from milk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Optimization of culture medium for exopolysaccharide production by native strains of Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum, and commercial strain of Lactobacillus acidophilus
Maryam Enteshari Najafabadi Leila Roozbeh Nasiraie Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti Hamidreza NooriExopolysaccharides, compounds derived from the metabolites of probiotic bacteria, play an important role in regulating the immune system. Considering the role of culture medium in the production efficiency of exopolysaccharides, the aim of this investigation was to opti MoreExopolysaccharides, compounds derived from the metabolites of probiotic bacteria, play an important role in regulating the immune system. Considering the role of culture medium in the production efficiency of exopolysaccharides, the aim of this investigation was to optimize the culture medium for the production of exopolysaccharides by Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. In addition, the effect of dextrose and sucrose on the production of exopolysaccharide was investigated using paper disks impregnated with probiotic culture medium. Then, the production efficiency and inhibitory power of exopolysaccharide free radicals were investigated in the culture medium after whey alone and with yeast extract and peptone. Sucrose as a carbon source of optimal culture medium for the production of exopolysaccharide is more suitable than dextrose. In addition, the production efficiency and inhibition of free radicals by exopolysaccharides of native probiotic strains in all culture media was significantly higher than commercial strains, which could be due to different enzyme mechanisms. In the cell wall of L. fermentum and L. plantarum is involved in the breakdown of sugars, which plays an important role in the formation of the final structure of the exopolysaccharide. Therefore, it is suggested that for L plantarum and L fermentum, YS culture medium with high production efficiency should be used and there is no significant difference for ATCC bacteria. For medicinal use, we recommend YD culture medium for NIMBB003 bacteria, SS culture medium for NIMBB014 bacteria, and SD culture medium for ATCC bacteria, which has better antioxidant properties and efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Investigating the growth ability of Lactobacillus plantarum on sesame meal multure medium
Marjan sadat Mousavi Mohammad Hojjatoleslamy Zeinab Al-Sadat Ebrahimzadeh Mousavi Hossein Kiani Seyed Mohammad Ali JalaliSesame oil meal is a protein-rich by-product obtained from sesame seed oil extraction, which is seen as one of the cultivation wastes with high nutritional value and cheap price and is abundantly accessible in the agriculture industry. This product can also be used as a MoreSesame oil meal is a protein-rich by-product obtained from sesame seed oil extraction, which is seen as one of the cultivation wastes with high nutritional value and cheap price and is abundantly accessible in the agriculture industry. This product can also be used as a cheap substrate for the growth of Beneficial microorganisms including probiotics. This research examines the growth of Lactobacillus Plantarum As a probiotic in the sesame meal culture media under different incubation conditions to achieve the best microbial count of probiotic bacterium of Lactobacillus Plantarum. Sesame meal paste with an initial pH of 6.5 was used as the culture medium, with incubation conditions including aerobic conditions under three temperature rates of 30, 37 and 44°C for 48 hours. The findings revealed that the bacterium could grow in the sesame meal medium, increasing the microbial population to 108cfu/g at the end of fermentation under 30 and 37°C. Also, Lactobacillus Plantarum significantly reduced the pH of all fermented samples under all temperatures (p<0/05), with the pH decreasing by most around 4.85 at 37°C. The findings also suggested that the combination of fatty acids of the sesame meal culture medium changed due to Lactobacillus Plantarum growth. Fatty acids (C15:0), (C15:1), (C16:0), (C16:1), (C18:1t), (C18:1c), (C21:0) and (C24:1) increased significantly (p<0.05), whereas fatty acids (C14:1), (C17:0), (C18:1c), (C18:2c), (C20:0), (C18:3n3), (C20:1), (C22: 0) and (C24: 0) decreased significantly (p<0/05). In the meantime, fermentation helped produce (C17:1) and (C22:1) and consume linoleic acid. In sum, sesame meal can serve as a nutrient and cost-saving medium to grow Lactobacillus Plantarum. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - بررسی اثر هیستومورفولوژیکی عصاره ریزوم Biarum straussiis بر ترمیم زخم پوستی در مدل موش صحرایی
سحر اکرادی طاهره مومنی اصفهانی محمد علیمرادی معصومه خان احمدیBackground & Aim:Phytomedicine or herbal medicine, refers to the use of plants to treat diseases and promote good health. Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory characteristics of the medicinal herbs make them logical adjuvant to improve wound healing. The aim of this MoreBackground & Aim:Phytomedicine or herbal medicine, refers to the use of plants to treat diseases and promote good health. Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory characteristics of the medicinal herbs make them logical adjuvant to improve wound healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the wound healing potential of Biarum straussiis’ (B. straussii) rhizome extract on cutaneous wounds in rats. Experimental: Adult male rats (n=18) were divided into three groups (n=6), as group A, B and C. Then, full-thickness, square shape cutaneous wounds were created on the skin. In group A, as negative control, the wound area was only washed using normal saline solution; in group B as positive control, the wound was treated using phenytoin and the wound treatment using B. straussii rhizome extract was done in group C, as experimental subject. The progressive changes in wounds of each group were evaluated for the contraction degree on days 4,7,10 and 14. The tissue samples of the wound area were removed from each group on day 14, fixed in 10% formalin and finally stained with H&E for histological examination. Data analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA test, followed by Tukey-Kramer test (p < /em><0.05). Results: The wound contraction was higher in group treated with B. straussii extractthan in control group at 7th, 10th and 14th days (p < /em><0.0001). The histological analysis showed a significant accelerated wound contraction, complete re-epithelialization, and tissue recovery due to the topical application of B. straussii rhizome extract. Recommended applications/ industries: It can be concluded that the rhizome extract of B. straussii is favorable for cutaneous wound healing in rats and would be considered as a medicinal plant, but further studies are required to reach more definitive results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - اثر فصل کاشت بر رشد و ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس زنیان (Carum capticum L) تحت شرایط تنش شوری
سهیلا دخانی فروغ مرتضائی نژاد سعید دوازده امامیمقدمه و هدف: زمینهایی که با مشکلات شوری آب مواجه هستند میتوانند از طریق کشت گیاهان داروئی بومی متحمل به شوری مورد بهرهبرداری قرار گیرند. کمیت و کیفیت گیاهان دارویی، طی فصلهای مختلف متغیر است. لذا، این مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثر فصل کشت بهاره و تابستانه بر صفات رویشی Moreمقدمه و هدف: زمینهایی که با مشکلات شوری آب مواجه هستند میتوانند از طریق کشت گیاهان داروئی بومی متحمل به شوری مورد بهرهبرداری قرار گیرند. کمیت و کیفیت گیاهان دارویی، طی فصلهای مختلف متغیر است. لذا، این مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثر فصل کشت بهاره و تابستانه بر صفات رویشی و ترکیبات اسانس زنیان (Carum capticum L.) تحت ننش شوری آب آبیاری انجام شد. روش تحقیق: تیمارهای شوری با هدای الکتریکی شامل 3/0، 4، 8 و 12 دسی زیمنس بر متر از مرحله قبل از گلدهی زنیان در میکروپلات های مستقر در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی خوراسگان (اصفهان) اعمال شد. صفات رویشی گیاه و هم­چنین ترکیبات شیمیایی اسانس گیاه زنیان با استفاده از GC-MS مورد تجزیه قرار گرفتند. نتایج و بحث: با افزایش شوری میانگین ارتفاع گیاه در کشت بهاره کاهش و میانگین تعداد انشعاب در کشت تابستانه افزایش یافت. متوسط ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد چتر، تعداد گل چتر اصلی و تعداد گلچه چتر اصلی در کشت تابستانه بیش از کشت بهاره بود. اثرات متقابل شوری و فصل کاشت بر صفات رویشی زنیان نشان داد که بیشترین میزان ارتفاع در شوری dS/m 4 در کشت تابستانه و کمترین میزان در شوری dS/m 12 در کشت بهاره به دست آمد. بیشترین تعداد گل چتر اصلی در کشت تابستانه و شوری dS/m 12 و کمترین آن در کشت بهاره در همان شوری حاصل شد. در کشت بهاره تعداد 10 و در کشت تابستانه تعداد 13 ترکیب مختلف در اسانس میوه شناسایی شد که مهمترین جزء آن­ها به ترتیب تیمول و گاماترپینن بود. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: با توجه به کاربرد وسیع ترکیب تیمول در داروسازی و صنایع غذایی و نتایج حاصل از تحقیق حاضر به نظر می رسد که امکان کشت گیاه زنیان در خاک های با درجه شوری نسبتاً بالا (12 EC= دسی زیمنس بر متر) جهت زراعت متابولیک تیمول در فصل بهار وجود دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - اثر عصاره آبی الکلی کارده (Biarum Bovei) بر آستانه درد موش های صحرایی دیابتی شده با استرپتوزوتوسین
معصومه سیفی زنگنه مریم رفیعی راد حسین سازگارمقدمه و هدف: دیابت قندی در دراز مدت از راههای مختلف از جمله تشدید روند استرس اکسیداتیو با اختلالاتی همچون درد و شناخت در جامعه انسانی و حیوانات آزمایشگاهی همراه است. با توجه به وجود شواهدی مبنی بر اثر ضد دیابتی عصاره کارده، اثر تجویز خوراکی این عصاره بر میزان قند خون و Moreمقدمه و هدف: دیابت قندی در دراز مدت از راههای مختلف از جمله تشدید روند استرس اکسیداتیو با اختلالاتی همچون درد و شناخت در جامعه انسانی و حیوانات آزمایشگاهی همراه است. با توجه به وجود شواهدی مبنی بر اثر ضد دیابتی عصاره کارده، اثر تجویز خوراکی این عصاره بر میزان قند خون و آستانه درد در موش های صحرایی دیابتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: حیوانات به گروه کنترل(سالم)، دیابتی و 5 گروه دیابتی با استرپتوزوتوسین )mg/kg 70 STZ,) که به مدت دو هفته عصاره هیدرو الکی کارده (mg/kg 50، 100، 400،200، 800) را به روش گاواژ دریافت کرده اند، تقسیم شدند. میزان قند خون با خون گیری از ناحیه دم اندازگیری شد. و سپس تست تیل فیلیک جهت سنجش آستانه درد انجام شد. نتایج با استفاده از آزمونهای آماری تجزیه واریانس یک طرفه و تست توکی آنالیز گردیدند. نتایج و بحث: دیابت باعث کاهش قند خون (001/0> p) وآستانه درد (001/0> p) گردید و تجویز دوزهای (mg/kg 100، 200) عصاره کارده با عث کاهش قند خون (01/0>p ) و دوز mg/kg100 منجر به افزایش آستانه درد (05/0> p) گردید. عصاره کارده در دوزهای (mg/kg 50، 800،400) تاثیری بر درد نداشت. یافته های این مطالعه نشان داد که مصرف عصاره هیدرو الکلی کارده احتمالا با خاصیت آنتی­اکسیدانی قادر به کاهش قند خون و عوارض ناشی از دیابت از جمله درد در حیوانات مبتلا به دیابت می­گردد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با توجه به اثرات جانبی کم داروهای گیاهی بویژه انتی­اکسیدان­ها از جمله کارده می تواند در کاهش عوارض ناشی از دیابت در کنار دارودرمانی استفاده شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - ارتباط افزودنیهای زیستی و شیمیایی با ترکیب مواد مغذی، ضایعات کُل و پروفایل میکروبی و تخمیری سیلوی نیشکر
اچ.ام.سی. اراکی ای.آر. د اُلیویرا جی.آر. گندرا آر.اچ. تی.بی. د گواِس سی.اس. تکیا آ.جی. جکواَنا کا.ام.پی. د اُلیویرا دی.ان. وسکواِس ان.آر. برندااُ کنسلو تی.آ. دل واله ان. دوآن اُرباچهدف از این مطالعه، تعیین اثرات یک تلقیح باکتریایی و افزودنی­های شیمیایی روی ترکیب مواد مغذی، تجزیه آزمایشگاهی، ضایعات کُل، ثبات هوازی، کیفیت میکروبی و پروفایل تخمیری سیلوی نیشکر بوده است. تیمارها در 48 سیلوی کوچک در قالب فاکتوریل 4 × 2 (دو سطح تلقیح میکروبی (I Moreهدف از این مطالعه، تعیین اثرات یک تلقیح باکتریایی و افزودنی­های شیمیایی روی ترکیب مواد مغذی، تجزیه آزمایشگاهی، ضایعات کُل، ثبات هوازی، کیفیت میکروبی و پروفایل تخمیری سیلوی نیشکر بوده است. تیمارها در 48 سیلوی کوچک در قالب فاکتوریل 4 × 2 (دو سطح تلقیح میکروبی (INO، 0 یا 4 گرم به ازای هر تُن نیشکر تازه) و سه افزودنی شیمیایی (CHE، CaO، NaCl و اوره به میزان 10 گرم در هر کیلوگرم)) توزیع شدند. ارتباط INOو اوره بالاترین مقادیر ماده خشک (DM) و فیبر محلول در شوینده خنثی در شرایط تجزیه آزمایشگاهی را داشت. تیمارهای با تلقیح و افزودنی­های شیمیایی ضایعات گازی (گرم به ازای هر کیلوگرم) کاهش دادند. رابطه INO و CHE مقدار باکتری­های اسید لاکتیک را افزایش داد. رابطه INO و CHE منجر به اثر هم­افزایی برای کاهش تولید اتانول و افزایش تولید اسید لاکتیک شد. تلقیح و CHE اثر هم­افزایی مثبت بر ضایعات کُل، بازیابی ماده خشک، پروفایل میکروبی و تولید اتانول و اسید لاکتیک داشت. تیمارهای حاوی اوره DM بزرگتر در تجزیه آزمایشگاهی و ثبات هوازی بیشتر در مقایسه با سایر افزودنی­های شیمیایی داشتند. ارتباط INO و CHE اثر مثبتی بر ترکیب شیمیایی، تجزیه آزمایشگاهی، ضایعات کُل، ثبات هوازی و پروفایل میکروبی و تخمیری سیلوی نیشکر داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Genetic diversity of Arum L. based on plastid marker
leila Joudi Ghezeljeh Meidan Mostafa Assadi -
Open Access Article
39 - Antioxidant capacity and chemical composition of Carum copticum under PEG treatment.
Roya Razavizadeh Mozhdeh Karami -
Open Access Article
40 - Improvement of lignans production in hairy root culture of Linum mucronatum using abiotic and biotic elicitors .
Afsaneh Samadi Mohammad Reza Dini Torkamani -
Open Access Article
41 - بهبود عمر گلجایی آلسترومریا به کمک عصارههای گیاهی و 8-هیدروکسی کینولین سولفات
سیده فاطمه محمدی کباری مریم جدید سلیماندارابیاین پژوهش به­ منظور مقایسه اثر عصاره­ های گیاهی مرزه، زیره سیاه و گل سرخ با 8-HQS روی عمر گلجایی گل بریده آلسترومریا انجام شد. عصاره­ های گیاهی در 3 سطح (10، 20 و 40 %)، 8-HQS در سه سطح (100، 200 و 300 میلی گرم در لیتر) و تیمار شاهد (آب مقطر) به همراه ساکارز Moreاین پژوهش به­ منظور مقایسه اثر عصاره­ های گیاهی مرزه، زیره سیاه و گل سرخ با 8-HQS روی عمر گلجایی گل بریده آلسترومریا انجام شد. عصاره­ های گیاهی در 3 سطح (10، 20 و 40 %)، 8-HQS در سه سطح (100، 200 و 300 میلی گرم در لیتر) و تیمار شاهد (آب مقطر) به همراه ساکارز 3 % بصورت پیوسته در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 3 تکرار مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر همه تیمارهای مورد استفاده نسبت به شاهد در حفظ عمر گلجایی بیشتر بوده است. تیمارهای 200 و 300 میلی­گرم در لیتر 8-HQS به ­ترتیب با 83/19 و 66/19 روز بیشترین عمر گلجایی را داشتند. در بین عصاره­ های گیاهی تیمار 20 % مرزه با 18 روز بیشترین عمر گلجایی را داشت. بیشترین جذب محلول (81/1 میلی­لیتر در هر گرم وزن تر) به تیمار 20 % مرزه تعلق داشت. تیمارهای 10، 20 و 40 % مرزه به همراه 200 میلی­گرم در لیتر 8-HQS موفق­ ترین تیمارها در حفظ وزن تر بودند. کمترین باکتری محلول گلجایی متعلق به 200 میلی­گرم در لیتر 8-HQS (Log 10 CFU ml-1 3) بود. تیمارهای 20 % مرزه و 200 میلی­ گرم در لیتر8-HQS به ­ترتیب با 46/4 و 93/4 % کمترین نشت یونی را بخود اختصاص دادند. تیمارهای 40 و20 % مرزه موفق­ ترین تیمارها در کاهش تجمع MDA بودند. با توجه به نتایج فوق، استفاده از عصاره مرزه به ­عنوان ترکیبی طبیعی و سازگار با محیط زیست جهت بهبود خصوصیات پس از برداشت و افزایش ماندگاری گل بریده آلسترومریا توصیه می­ شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Application of Microorganisms Compared with Nanoparticles of Silver, Humic Acid and Gibberellic Acid on Vase Life of Cut Gerbera Goodtimming
S. Ansari E. Hadavi M. Salehi P. MoradiGerbera one of 10 important cut flowers in the world and Iran. One of the most problems is low-life after harvest and neck bending. Producers want to increase longevity of these flowers with using chemical solutions. With the aim of achieving the best chemical treatment MoreGerbera one of 10 important cut flowers in the world and Iran. One of the most problems is low-life after harvest and neck bending. Producers want to increase longevity of these flowers with using chemical solutions. With the aim of achieving the best chemical treatments to increase flower vase life gerbera Goodtimming, nano silver (5 mg l-1), humic acid (50 mg l-1), gibberellic acid (2.5 mg l-1) and Lactobacillus plantarum 110 CFU m l-1 and Lactococcus lactis110 CFU ml-1 with sucrose (4%) compared with controls. This study in carried out with 6 replications. Cut flowers recutted to 35 ± 2 cm, and then tested in different solutions for 20 days. The results showed that silver nanoparticles (5 mg l-1) +sucrose 4%+gibberellic acid 2.5 mg l-1with the 19.5 days vase life compared with controls (17.67days) had the highest durability. Distilled water+ sucrose 4% with 5.98 mm stem diameter was better than control (5.49 mm) (P £0.01), while humic acid 50 mg l-1+ sucrose 4%+gibberellic acid 2.5 mg l-1 had lowest average daily stem diameter (5.44 mm), respectively. Highest water uptake observed in silver nanoparticles 5 mg l-1+sucrose 4%+gibberellic acid 2.5 mg l-1 treatment (8.78 ml g-1 F.W.). Silver nanoparticles 5 mg l-1+sucrose 4%+gibberellic acid 2.5 mg l-1 had highest fresh weight per day (24.89 g) and dry weight (4.96 g), respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Antagonistic Activity of Fructoplane Yeast Against Ulocladium Rot of Papaya
Neeta Sharma Madhu Prakash SrivastavaDebaryomyces hanseniZopf isolated from the fructoplane of apples were found to be effective as biocontrol agent against rot of papaya caused by Ulocladium. chartarum(Pr.) Simm. The ability of D. hansenii to prevent infection of U. chartarum was lost when the antagonist MoreDebaryomyces hanseniZopf isolated from the fructoplane of apples were found to be effective as biocontrol agent against rot of papaya caused by Ulocladium. chartarum(Pr.) Simm. The ability of D. hansenii to prevent infection of U. chartarum was lost when the antagonist cells were killed by autoclaving. Cell free culture filtrates of antagonist were unable to prevent disease incidence. Efficacy of sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate (0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0%) and calcium chloride (CaCl2 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0%) solutions alone or in combination with the application of biocontrol agent Debaryomyces hansenii (106 and 109 CFU ml-1) were simultaneously evaluated for the control of Ulocladium rot of papaya. Fresh cells of biocontrol agent proliferated inside the wounds and their survival was not adversely affected by the presence of residues of calcium chloride salt. Sodium carbonate adversely affected the growth of yeast cells in in-vitro and in-vivo experiments. Sodium bicarbonate and calcium chloride also reduced the percent rot but their integration with biocontrol agent enhanced the activity of antagonist at high levels as compared to the single treatments of salts and D. hansenii. The integration of treatments is a promising approach to control the Ulocladium rot of papaya. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - The effects of essential oils of Elettaria cardamomum, Pistacia atlantica and Eugenia caryophillata on control and expression of some genes of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol in Fusarium graminerum
Ahmad Mehraban Javad AbkhooBackground & Objectives: Fusarium graminearum is the causal agent of scab disease in wheat and other small grains. Zearalenone and deoxynivalenol are the main toxins produced by F. graminearum. In this study, the effects of essential oils of Elettaria cardamomum, Pi MoreBackground & Objectives: Fusarium graminearum is the causal agent of scab disease in wheat and other small grains. Zearalenone and deoxynivalenol are the main toxins produced by F. graminearum. In this study, the effects of essential oils of Elettaria cardamomum, Pistacia atlantica, and Eugenia caryophillata on F. graminearum growth inhibition and the expression of some genes in deoxynivalenol biosynthetic pathway were investigated. Materials & Methods: Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the fungal growth was measured through the microtiter plate method after growing F. graminearum on Potato Dextrose Broth. In addition, the expression of TRI5, TRI6, and TRI14 genes were evaluated using real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) technique. Results: Elettaria cardamomum essential oil had the lowest MIC (100 µl/ml) and the essential oils of P. atlantica and E. caryophillata had the highest MIC (200 µl/ml). Elettaria cardamomum essential oil had the lowest MFC (200 µl/ml) and the highest fungicidal property against F. graminearum, and the essential oils of P. atlantica and E. caryophillata had the highest MFC value (400 µl/ml). The expression of TRI5, TRI6, and TRI14 genes was significantly decreased by E. cardamomum essential oil. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the E. cardamomum essential oil has fungicidal and inhibitory effects against F. graminearum and leads to reduce the expression of TRI5, TRI6, and TRI14 genes relating to deoxynivalenol production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - An evaluation to survey the antagonistic effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum against E. cowanii isolated from plants
Fatemeh Darabipour Khosro Issazadeh Mohammad Faezi Ghasemi Sasan Sadeghi Khamene TabriziBackground & Objectives: Enterobacter are found in water, sewage and plants. Lactobacillus are one of the dominant microorganisms in normal flora of intestinal tracts, genital system and respiratory tracts of humans and animals. The aim of this study was to ev MoreBackground & Objectives: Enterobacter are found in water, sewage and plants. Lactobacillus are one of the dominant microorganisms in normal flora of intestinal tracts, genital system and respiratory tracts of humans and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antagonistic effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum against Enterobacter cowanii isolated from broad bean plant. Materials & Methods: In this sectional study Fava plants were collected, and after sampling, the samples were cultured on selective and specific King B media. The presence of E. cowanii was confirmed based on biochemical and molecular techniques. Then, antagonistic effects of produced bacteriocins by L. plantarum and L. acidophilus on E. cowanii with well diffusion method on basis of pH were studied. Results: Based on this study, the growth inhibition zones produced by L.plantarum in different pH against E.cowanii were higher than that by L.acidophilus. Furthermore, the highest inhibition zone of Lactobacilli was observed in pH 4. Conclusion: According to antagonistic effects of lactic acid bacteria in the inhibition of E.cowanii, this factor can be used for treatment of the diseases caused by this factor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - The prebiotic effect of inulin on the microbial, quality indexes and shelf life of probiotic pomegranate juice containing Lactobacillus plantarum
leila lakzadeh Arezoo Sabzevari Mehdi AmouheidariNatural juices are an excellent substrate for the production of synbiotic functional food for the high nutritional value and common use. Therefore, the survival of the probiotic bacteria and the technological effects of bacteria and inulin were studied on the pomegranat MoreNatural juices are an excellent substrate for the production of synbiotic functional food for the high nutritional value and common use. Therefore, the survival of the probiotic bacteria and the technological effects of bacteria and inulin were studied on the pomegranate juice quality. Inulin in different percentages (1.5, 3, 5) and Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria equivalent to 0.5 McFarland were added to pomegranate juice. The number of bacteria and the ability of inulin and bacteria in inhibition of fungi and preservation of antioxidant quality of pomegranate juice was considered in compare to the control sample, probiotic sample and prebiotic sample with 3% inulin due to the prohibition of preserver usage in functional food. Based on the results, the pomegranate juice sample containing 3% inulin was able to protect the number of lactobacilli bacteria to 1.5 × 107 cfu/ml in the 4th week in addition to the highest sensory score. Decrease of the antioxidant activity and counting of the fungi were 25.4%, 150 cfu/ml in the control sample, 0.38%, 90 cfu/ml in the prebiotic sample with 3% inulin and 0.26%, 65 cfu/ml in the symbiotic sample with 3% inulin, respectively, in the fourth week. Finally, production of the pomegranate juice with 3% inulin can effect on the maintenance of the antioxidant quality and increase of the product shelf life up to 4 weeks meanwhile making a functional product with preserving of the suitable number of probiotic bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Antifungal activity of Bacillus subtilis isolated from soil in Tehran's parks against Fusarium graminearum
Fatemeh Rafiee Mohammad Reza Fazeli Abbas Akhavan sepahi Zahra NoormohammadiBackground & Objectives: Soil microorganisms play an important role in the biological control of pathogenic fungi. The aim of this investigation was to isolate soil-borne Bacillus subtilis with the ability to produce antifngal lipopeptides that are suitable&nb MoreBackground & Objectives: Soil microorganisms play an important role in the biological control of pathogenic fungi. The aim of this investigation was to isolate soil-borne Bacillus subtilis with the ability to produce antifngal lipopeptides that are suitable for suppressing Fusarium graminearum, which contaminates wheat, corn, potato and a wide range of plants.Materials & Methods: B. subtilis was isolated from the rhizospher of healthy plants of park slocated in the five areas north, south, east, west and center of Tehran and was identified based on morphological characteristics, biochemical tests and sequencing of 16S rRNA. The antagonistic activity of isolated strains against F. graminearum was investigated by Well method. The strains that inhibited the growth of fungi and showed the greatest inhibition zone, were selected. Surfactin of selected bacteria was purified by methanol method and bacterial metabolites and pure surfactin (Sigma Company) were compared with, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results: Among 60 isolated strains, 27 strains had antifungal activity. Six strains with the highest fungal inhibition zone (8-16 mm) were selected and their yellow color and transparency was a confirmation to HPLC. Two bacteria with the highest amount of surfactin production by molecular method showed high similarity with B. subtilis.Conclusion: The results show that Bacillus subtilis isolated from soil are good candidates for biological control of plant pathogenic fungi and therefore can a suitable alternative to chemical fungicides. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - بررسی امکان تهیه گسترش کروموزومی میگوی آب شیرین Caridina fossarum Heller 1862
امین مخلصی علی جوادی مجید افخمی نسرین اسحاقی رضا خوشنود حبیب آذرمنش -
Open Access Article
49 - The study of improving silaged corn quality and reduction of ensiling period by using microbial additives
H. Mansoori YarahmadiThis experiment was done for quality improvement and decrease ensiling period from 21 to 14 day. Experimental design was completely randomized design with 5 treatments by adding Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) and Saccharomyses cervicea (Sc). Treatments were, 1) Without an MoreThis experiment was done for quality improvement and decrease ensiling period from 21 to 14 day. Experimental design was completely randomized design with 5 treatments by adding Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) and Saccharomyses cervicea (Sc). Treatments were, 1) Without any additive such as control (LP0-SC0), 2) 0.5 gr Lactobacillus Plantarum in 100 kg corn forage (LP1-SC0), 3) 0.75 gr L. plantarum in 100 kg corn forage (LP2-SC0), 4) 0.5 gr Saccharomyses Cervicea in 100 kg corn forage (LP0-SC1) and 5) 0.5 gr L. plantarum and 0.5 gr S. cervicea in 100 kg corn forage (LP1-SC1). Silo construction was simulated by dark barrel bung. Sampling and evaluating was done for pH, DM, lactic acid, acetic acid and apparent specifications at the end of 7, 14, 21th days. In each sampling at the end of 14 and 21th days LP2-SC0 had lowest pH and highest lactic acid.. pH and lactic acid at 21 day in LP2-SC0 was significant with other treatment (P<0.05). Therefore by using of suitable microbial additives, can decrease ensiling period from 21 to 14 day and prevent from harmful facts. But corn silage consumption is not recommended less than 21 day. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Prevalence of intestinal parasites in Turkeys from Gilan, Mazandarn and Golestan provinces 2015
Mohammad reza Youssefi payam mahmoudi armin ebrahimiIn developing countries there are traditional poultry production systems particularly for turkeys and led these bird to be exposed to several parasitic infections. The aim of the present study was to determine the parasites infecting turkeys in north of Iran in 2015. In MoreIn developing countries there are traditional poultry production systems particularly for turkeys and led these bird to be exposed to several parasitic infections. The aim of the present study was to determine the parasites infecting turkeys in north of Iran in 2015. In this experiment the gastrointestinal tract of 45 turkeys were obtained from local traditional slaughterhouses in north of Iran. They were transferred to laboratory of parasitology, faculty of veterinary medicine, Islamic Azad University, Babol branch and then were dissected and their content was carefully screened and parasites were separated. Obtained nematodes were diagnosed after clarification with lactophenol. Cestodes also were stained by acetocarmine stain and species determined. Data obtained in this experiment showed that out of 45 turkeys 33 cases were infected with parasites and they were Ascaridia galli (22.6%), Heterakis gallinarum (48.68%), Subulura brumpti (26.31%) and Raillietina tetragona(2.30%). The high prevalence of parasitic infection in turkeys of north of Iran indicates inattention to hygiene is breeding of this bird and this will cause great economic losses to turkeys production industry. Therefore, by fighting against internal parasites and frequent monitoring of health status and teaching appropriate farming techniques can reduce parasitic infection in turkeys in north of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The effect of drought stress on the efficiency of rhizobial bacteria (Rhizobium leguminosarum) symbiotic with faba bean (Phaseoulus vulgaris) Barkat variety
Mohammad hossein ArzaneshIn order to investigate the effect of drought stress on some growth parameters and nodulation index, the symbiotic efficiency of rhizobial isolates an experiment in controlled greenhouse conditions in the form of a completely randomized design with 21 rhizobial isolates MoreIn order to investigate the effect of drought stress on some growth parameters and nodulation index, the symbiotic efficiency of rhizobial isolates an experiment in controlled greenhouse conditions in the form of a completely randomized design with 21 rhizobial isolates, a negative control treatment (without rhizobial bacteria) and a control treatment Positive (no bacteria with nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of 70 mg/kg from urea source) and 3 repetitions were done in 2013. Different levels of drought stress including drought in two levels S0 (100% of field capacity (control or no drought stress)), S3 (55% of field capacity (severe stress)), which by adding different concentrations of zero and 310 grams per liter of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) was applied to the nutrient solution after one week of seedling germination. The results of statistical analyzes showed that drought stress had a significant reduction effect on shoot dry weight, shoot water content, nitrogen content, symbiotic efficiency of rhizobial isolates and nodulation index. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - The effect of Rhizobium leguminosarum strains on Fusarium root rot disease of bean
Maryam Hatamabadi Farahani saeed vezaee mohammadrez lakRoot rot is one of the most important disease of bean. Management of the disease is difficult because the pathogen is soil borne. In this study the effect of some strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bacteria on Fusarium root rot of local Khomein chitti bean variety were MoreRoot rot is one of the most important disease of bean. Management of the disease is difficult because the pathogen is soil borne. In this study the effect of some strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bacteria on Fusarium root rot of local Khomein chitti bean variety were evaluated in greenhouse condition. This experiment was conducted with 10 treatments (inoculation with 5 strains of Rhizobium, Rovral-TS fungicide, and healthy and infected control with water and suger-water) based on completely randomized design with four replications during 2007-2008. Results showed that Rhizobium R-115 had the highest effect on disease severity reduction. This treatment reduced disease severity by 42% compared with infected control. There was no significant difference in disease severity reduction between the other Rhizobium tretments and Rovral-TS fungicide. R-115 increased N concentration (%1.59) compared with %0.74 in infected control. Also all Rhizobium treatments with increasing N concentration, improved plant growth with higher height, dry root and aerial plant weight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Evaluation of different strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli inoculation on ecophysiological nitrogen fixation ability of common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., cultivars
Mahdi Taherkhani ghorban normohammadi mohammadjavad Mirhadi hosein Haydari Sharif Abad amirhosein Shirani Rad In order to evaluation of ecophysiological nitrogen fixation ability of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars with some types of inoculants which contain different strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Phaseoli, a factorial experiment in randomized comple More In order to evaluation of ecophysiological nitrogen fixation ability of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars with some types of inoculants which contain different strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Phaseoli, a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design (RCBD) was conducted in Khoramdareh region of Iran during 2006-2007. Treatments consisted of three types of biological fertilizers including Rb117, Rb123, Rb13, a comercial inoculant (Rhizobean super plus) with two N100 (use of 100 Kg nitrogen/ha) and control (without seeds inoculation and fertilizer application) treatments and three bean cultivars of COS16 (spotted bean), Derakhshan and Akhtar (red beans). Results showed that inoculation of different bean varieties with Rhizobium strains incresead their qualititative and quantititative traits. Inoculation and nitrogen application increased yield up to 43 percent in comparison to control. Rb117 was more effective on common bean yield than other strains and caused up to 59 percent seed yield increase in comparison to non inoculant treatment. Whereas Rb123 had the least effect on yield (32%) among studied inoculants. COS16 was also the best cultivar in most traits and seed yield of this variety was 7.5 and 19 percent higher than Derakhshan and Akhtar varieties, respectively. The most protein percent were obtained from 100 kg/ha nitrogen, and Rb117 treatment. The highest and lowest protein yields were gained from Rb117 and control treatments, respectively. It was concluded that industrial biofertilizers such as Rhizobean super plus must be used as complementary materials with mineral fertilizers to achieve satisfying yield and sustainable agriculture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Study of phenotypic characteristics of potato bacterial wilt isolates in Fars and Hamedan provinces, Iran
Javad Razmi Nader Hasanzadeh Abolgasem Ghasemi Asghar Heidari In order to study of Phenotypic characteristics of potato bacterial wilt isolates,several potato fields were surveyed for potato wilt plants in Fars and Hamadan provinces of Iran during 2000-2002. The infected samples to potato wilt were collected and More In order to study of Phenotypic characteristics of potato bacterial wilt isolates,several potato fields were surveyed for potato wilt plants in Fars and Hamadan provinces of Iran during 2000-2002. The infected samples to potato wilt were collected and screened for bacterial infection under laboratory condition. Isolation and purification of suspected bacterial samples were done on TTC (2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride) culture medium.Characteristics of bacterial isolates were determined on the basis of colony morphology, biochemical differentiations, pathogenicity and antibiotic sensitivity tests as well as whole cell protein analysis. In this study, a typical HR symptom was observed in infiltrated tobacco leaves after 24-48 hours. All isolates were assigned in race 3 biovar 2, based on the pathogenicity tests on tomato and potato seedlings and utilization of defined carbohydrates by isolates. Utilization of glucose, sucrose and trehalose were positive for all isolates, whereas it was negative for ramnose, raffinose, arabinose, fucose and tartrate. H2S production from cysteine, urease, oxidase, catalase and utilizing of sodium citrate were positive, while indole, methyl red, arginine dihydrolyase, gelatin and starch hydrolysis and utilizing of malonate and gluconate were negative. In bacterial cell membrane protein analysis using SDS-PAGE method, no significant differences were observed in electrophoretic patterns of local and standard strains (ACH 0158 from Australia and CIP 10 from Peru) andonly strain RsR79 was a little different from others. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv phaseoli and plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)
Mehrab Yadegari ghorban normohammadi hadi Asadi RahmaniThe effect of co-inoculation with plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Rhizobium on yield and yield components of red bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivars was investigated in agricultural research station of Islamic Azad university of Shahrekord during 2006- MoreThe effect of co-inoculation with plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Rhizobium on yield and yield components of red bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivars was investigated in agricultural research station of Islamic Azad university of Shahrekord during 2006-2007. The experiment was done in split plot in the basis of randomized complete block design in three replications. Six strains of Rhizobium and a nitrogen fertilizer treatment were considered as the main factor and three red bean cultivars (Akhtar, Gholi, and Sayyad) were as the sub factors. PGPR strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens P-93 and Azospirillum lipoferum S-21 as well as two highly effective Rhizobium strains were used in this study. Common bean seeds of three cultivars were inoculated with Rhizobium singly or in combination with PGPR to evaluate their effect on growth characters. Results indicateed that soil beneficial bacteria can positively affect symbiotic performance of Rhizobia. A significant variation of plant growth in response to inoculation with Rhizobium strains was observed. Treatment with PGPR significantly increased number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of seeds per plant, weight of pods per plant, total dry matter in R6 stage as well as seed yield and protein content. Co-inoculation with Rhizobium and PGPR caused a significant increase in the yield and yield components. The results showed that all treatments of bacteria increased yield. However, strains Rb-136 with Pseudomonas fluorescens P-93 caused the highest seed yield, number of pods per plant, weight of 100 seed, number of seeds per pod and seed protein yield. Manuscript profile
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