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Open Access Article
1 - Assessment of Geomorphologic parameters in physical development of Gorgan city
Somayeh Emadodin Fakhrodin NamjouMany cities of Iran are faced with Geomorphological constrains in Physical development trend .Gorgan city is located in the northern region of the country and it cannot be extended widely, because it is confront with physical constraints of urban development like approp MoreMany cities of Iran are faced with Geomorphological constrains in Physical development trend .Gorgan city is located in the northern region of the country and it cannot be extended widely, because it is confront with physical constraints of urban development like appropriate agricultural land, forests, rivers and hills on the margin of town. The purpose of this study is identifying effective variables of urban Physical development and presenting the model which locates future development of Gorgan with minimal damage to the natural environment. The results show that current status of Gorgan is restricted to the forest through South and other part by agricultural lands. For the physical development has two selection: 1- Urban development is possible with more building density to urban buildings.2- Suburban development in areas that are suitable for physical development of Gorgan.Therefore, the best places for future of Gorgan development are part of the east and west of Gorgan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - بررسی اثر بسترهای مختلف کشت بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی گل ژربرا رقم( Rosalin)
الهام مطلبی قنبر رسائی -
Open Access Article
3 - Evaluation of morphological and biochemical traits in seedlings of four early and late potato cultivars in vitro
Farah Farahani Maliha Talebi Taher BarzegarObjective: Considering the importance of potato in the economy and human nutrition, the need to produce healthy seeds through tissue culture in order to increase the quality of the tuber and ultimately maintain the yield of the product is noticeable. In this regard, the MoreObjective: Considering the importance of potato in the economy and human nutrition, the need to produce healthy seeds through tissue culture in order to increase the quality of the tuber and ultimately maintain the yield of the product is noticeable. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the morphological and biochemical traits in the seedlings of four early and late potato cultivars under in vitro conditions.Materials and methods: Four commercial varieties of potato were cultivated as single-node microspecimens in MS culture medium without any plant growth regulators. Seedlings grew after 5 weeks. Seedlings were evaluated in terms of morphological traits (number of seedlings produced from one seedling, stem length, number of branches, nodes, roots and micro-gland) as well as biochemical traits (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid, anthocyanin, catalase enzyme activity and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity).Findings: In morphological traits, late cultivar Satina, number of seedlings and stem length, and early cultivar Sante showed more roots than other cultivars. In the study of biochemical traits, the late cultivar Agria was superior to other cultivars in terms of the amount of pigments and catalase enzyme.Conclusion: In the same vegetative conditions, different cultivars have different potential in vegetative and biochemical traits. The growth pattern of different genotypes is determined by the synthesis of food and different levels of internal hormones and the balance between them, and as a result, they give different responses to the conditions of the culture environment. The present study showed that in the same vegetative conditions, the early cultivars of Satina in terms of vegetative traits and Agria in terms of the amount of pigments can be selected for mass cultivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Identification and evaluation of geotourism potential areas with sustainable development approach (Case study: mount Damavand areas in Haraz watershed)
Kurdwan Hedayatipour Ghorban Vahabzadeh kebria Sayed Ramezan Musavi integrationthe action of incorporating a racial or religious group into a communityMore (Definitions, Synonyms, Translation) Background and ObjectiveVolcanic Mount Damavand has unique landscapes and special geomorphological phenomena, wildlife diversity, vegetati More integrationthe action of incorporating a racial or religious group into a communityMore (Definitions, Synonyms, Translation) Background and ObjectiveVolcanic Mount Damavand has unique landscapes and special geomorphological phenomena, wildlife diversity, vegetation, and unique climatic conditions and is one of the most important tourist destinations in Mazandaran province. Therefore, the protection of these unique reserves, especially geological phenomena that are the result of millions of year’s global evolution in this region, is important. Therefore, comprehensive national and international planning based on the principles of sustainable development is essential for the continuation of this world heritage. By using valuable tools such as GIS, it is possible to identify prone areas to geotourism development for sustainable development in the region and then apply the evaluation and optimal management. In addition to scientific values, geocomposites have many conservation, cultural, aesthetic, social and economic values. For the comprehensive management of watersheds, it is necessary to consider all the natural and human aspects affecting geotourism. In this study, in order to identify the potential of geotourism, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been used with the GIS. Materials and Methods Mount Damavand with a height of 5672 meters is located in northern Iran. It is the highest peak in Iran and the Middle East, as well as the highest semi-active volcanic peak in Asia. Damavand is a stratified and semi-active volcanic mountain that was mainly formed during the fourth geological period called the Quaternary and Holocene eras. From the point of view of country divisions, it is located in Amol city of Mazandaran province. Its altitude is 5672 meters above sea level, the average annual rainfall is 540 mm and it is mainly in the form of snow. The climate of this part of the basin is semi-humid climate according to the Koppen method and cold semi-humid climate according to the Ambrege method. In order to determine the effective indices in identifying the potential areas for geotourism development, the study of criteria is divided into two categories of effective criteria and restrictive development. Layers of development obstacles include; rivers and main roads, side roads and inter-rural roads. The effective layers studied along with the relative weight obtained from the analysis of the questionnaire were considered to superimpose the layers with a specific weight for each layer. The results of completing the questionnaire by the audience, to determine the relative weight, information layers were formed in the GIS environment. In this study, using geographic information system (GIS) tools and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, the weighting of effective criteria susceptible areas with geotourism development capability within a radius of 20 km of mount Damavand were performed. Results and Discussion The criteria inconsistency rate is less than 0.1, there is no need to reconsider the judgments. According to the final results obtained from overlaying effective layers in the development of geotourism by the Weighted Overlay function in GIS software, the study area with an area of 1256 square kilometres, after subtracting the restrictive areas, is divided into five classes; very inappropriate, unsuitable, medium, suitable and very suitable. The results showed, that the regions were classified into 5 categories: very inappropriate (1.34%), unsuitable (19.11%), medium (56.44%), suitable (20.94%) and very suitable (2.16%). then, after the field visit, 40 Alternatives were identified and examined in terms of the importance of development potential in the region. Evaluation of 40 Alternatives shows that 25, 40 and 35% of the alternatives have very good, appropriate and average potential, respectively. The results show that most of the susceptible areas with geotourism development capability, are located in the east and southeast of Mount Damavand. This can be caused by the density of various facilities, including villages, cities, roads and rivers, and so on. The high potential areas are more in the north, centre to the southeast of the protected area that has vegetation and forest, water resources and high geomorphological values and low potential areas are more in South and west is the range. This can be seen in the present study. Also, most of the area has medium to high potential, which indicates a good potential of the area. Conclusion One of the main reasons for the lack of integration in determining areas with geotourism potential is the lack of comprehensive and codified scientific criteria and indices. Geotourism, as one of the sub-branches of tourism, is a way to explain various geological and geomorphological concepts, it can be used as an industry for the construction and development of economic geology. In this study, in order to determine the susceptible areas with geotourism development capability with a view to the sustainable development of the region, the studied criteria were determined according to the availability of their information. These layers include; geology, distance from rivers, city, villages, communication roads, altitude, slope and aspect, rainfall and temperature as effective layers and road and river maps were considered as a constraint layer. In different studies, according to the availability of information of each layer in the study area and according to the purpose of the study, the layer of effective criteria and obstacles are different. After a field survey and identifying 40 alternatives, the results of overlaying the identified alternatives with the final potential map showed 35% of the alternatives in areas with very good potential, 40% of the options in areas with good potential, and 25% of the alternatives has medium development potential, respectively. This method is used to exploit natural resources and prepare tourism, welfare maps and can be a key step for the sustainable development of regions, and can provide a key step for the sustainable development of areas prone to tourism with different goals. http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.26767082.1400.12.1.1.2 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Investigation of Morphological- Agronomic Diversity in Some of Tomato Cultivars in Khash Region
Mansoor Saljooghianpour Mohammad RasouliTomatoes have many varieties that differ in traits of plant growth, quality and shape of the fruit and other traits. In order to investigate the morphological variation of some tomato cultivars in Khash region, an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block MoreTomatoes have many varieties that differ in traits of plant growth, quality and shape of the fruit and other traits. In order to investigate the morphological variation of some tomato cultivars in Khash region, an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications and ten cultivars including Orabana, Red Claude, Red Top, Red Jerez, Western Red, Sunsild, Rio Grande, Delba F1, Tivi F1 and blankets Pride. At the end of the experiment traits such as number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, fruit diameter, final yield, biomass, harvest index, fruit juice volume, fruit dry weight, total soluble solids, acidity and vitamin C were evaluated as agronomic traits. Were affected. At the end of the experiment, after multiple analyzes, it was found that Tivi F1 and Delba F1 hybrids and Orabana had the highest yield and were suitable for cultivation in Khash region. Also, cluster analysis showed that among the 10 varieties of 3 varieties in group A, 5 varieties in group B and 2 in group C were placed. This grouping showed that genetic diversity followed a significant pattern, because cultivars with better and more closely related conditions under conditions were similar in the same groups. Based on stepwise regression results, the number of fruits per plant justified 63.09% of the fruit yield per plant changes. After fruit number per plant, average fruit weight and number of days to flowering had the greatest effect on fruit yield per plant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Some of Canola Cultivars (Brassica napus L.) Using Morphological-agronomic and RAPD Molecular Markers
Mansoor Saljooghianpour SeyyedMahdi Javadzadeh Mohsen MohseniIn order to investigate the genetic diversity of canola cultivars, an experiment was conducted in the form of randomized complete blocks with 9 rapeseed cultivars in 3 replications in Iranshahr region. After culture, DNA extraction was done using CTAB or Dellaporta meth MoreIn order to investigate the genetic diversity of canola cultivars, an experiment was conducted in the form of randomized complete blocks with 9 rapeseed cultivars in 3 replications in Iranshahr region. After culture, DNA extraction was done using CTAB or Dellaporta method with some modifications and 6 pairs of RAPD primers were used for amplification. Also, at the end of the growing season, traits such as plant height, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, yield and seed oil percentage were measured.The results of the analysis of variance showed that the cultivars have a significant difference at the 1% probability level. Also, there was a positive and significant correlation between the studied traits. Cluster analysis of morphological-agronomical data of rapeseed cultivars in four main groups and cluster analysis of molecular data of rapeseed cultivars in three main groups. Cultivars placed in each group have more genomic similarity and cultivars placed in different groups have more genetic differences. In the analysis of the main coordinates of the molecular data, the first two components could not include all the information obtained, so this information indicates the wide distribution of these markers on the rapeseed genome and can cover a wide area of it. The results of this research showed that according to the diversity observed in the cultivars and based on the results of the grouping of genotypes, it is possible to select genotypes from groups that have a greater genetic distance from each other and use them for specific breeding purposes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - تاثیر واحدهای ژئومورفولوژیکی و ویژگیهای آن بر عیار اقتصادی محصول بادام درختی(نمونه موردی: منطقه بهارستان سبزوار)
ابراهیم تقوی مقدم محمد علی زنگنه اسدی ابراهیم امیری -
Open Access Article
8 - Prioritization of effective factors in aggravation of instabilities resulting from seismic earthquakes in Ilam and Kermanshah using Vikor method
fathollah naderi Samad Fotouhi Hossein Negarash Marzieh KhaliliThe main purpose of this study is to study the geomorphological instabilities resulting from the Ozgeleh earthquake in Kermanshah and Ilam provinces using field studies and satellite images and their zoning. The region affected by this earthquake is very prone to variou MoreThe main purpose of this study is to study the geomorphological instabilities resulting from the Ozgeleh earthquake in Kermanshah and Ilam provinces using field studies and satellite images and their zoning. The region affected by this earthquake is very prone to various movements and geomorphological instabilities. The reasons for this are the presence of young Zagros folds along with the operation of their cutting faults, which have caused severe fractures in the region. To conduct this study, first, the geomorphological instabilities of the index that were effective in intensifying the damage caused by the earthquake were identified. Then, using topographic maps, geology, satellite images and field operations, their location was determined. These instabilities include landslides, rock falls and avalanches, currents, hilltop ruptures, and landslides. Using multi-criteria decision making (MADM) method, the study area was zoned in terms of instabilities. The zoning results showed that the two very high risk classes and the high risk class with a total area of 6558 square kilometers, i.e. more than 28% of the study area and among the factors affecting the occurrence of instabilities, land age factors Histology, distance from fault and slope with 0.23, 0.22 and 0.15 points, respectively, have the greatest impact on creating instabilities in the region. The adaptation of the instability zoning map to the instability distribution map indicates the greater adaptation of the instabilities, including landslides, rock falls, and subsidence, to high-risk classes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Determination of most effective traits on rice yield under normal and drought conditions
mohammadreza karim hossein sabouri mohammadali ebrahimi Somayyeh SanchouliIn order to evaluate the effect of drought stress on yield and the other related traits, 14 rice genotypes (including five varieties of landrace and introduced varieties) in a randomized complete block design with three replications in two environments without stress (f MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of drought stress on yield and the other related traits, 14 rice genotypes (including five varieties of landrace and introduced varieties) in a randomized complete block design with three replications in two environments without stress (flooding) and drought stress in the field Research located in Aliabad (under the supervision of Gonbad Kavous University) was studied. Irrigation of experimental farm in both the flood and drought were flooded until maximum tillering stage. Irrigation was performed every 25 days until the end of the season from 40 days after maximum Tillerin). Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all traits in both conditions. The average yield of the genotypes in the normal and stress conditions lR83752-BB-12-3 and was Sepedroud. Panicle weight (0.85**) under stress (flooding) and root volume (0.98**) in drought stress conditions, the highest positive correlation with grain yield were Significant. Path analysis results showed that different traits were involved in justifying grain yield under non-stress and drought stress conditions, so that in non-stress condition, number of panicle and in drought condition, number of filled grain per panicle had the highest direct and positive effect on grain yield. In grouping cultivars based on cluster analysis using ward method, cultivars were divided into three groups under normal conditions and stress. The results of cluster analysis showed that Pegaso, IR83752-B-B-12-3 and Sepidrood cultivars, which had more volume, fresh weight and root dry weight than other cultivars, were in the drought tolerant group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Some Morphological Characters and Yield of Common Field Bean (Vicia faba.L)
لیلی Golchin S. Zehtab Salmasi J. Shafagh KolvanaghTo evalauate the influences of irrigation time with wastewater of Iran mayhes factory (producing leaven) on some morphological characters and yield of faba bean, a factorial experiment carried out on the base of randomized complete block design (CRBD) in Iran Mayehs fac MoreTo evalauate the influences of irrigation time with wastewater of Iran mayhes factory (producing leaven) on some morphological characters and yield of faba bean, a factorial experiment carried out on the base of randomized complete block design (CRBD) in Iran Mayehs factory farm in spring2012. Experimental factors consisted of irrigation times at 3 levels I1 = one irrigation with determined amount of wastewater, I2 = two irrigations with determined amount of wastewater, I3 = irrigation during the growth period of plants with determined amount of wastewater) and wastewater concentration at 6 levels (P0 = irrigation with normal water (control), P15=15% wastewaters + normal water, P30= 30% wastewaters + normal, P45= 45% wastewaters + normal water, P60= 60% wastewaters + normal water, P100= all wastewater) with three replications. Results showed that the effect irrigation numbers on traits such as plant height, number of pods per plant and seed yield was significant. Results also revealed that the effect of weastwater concentration on1000seed weight was significant. The interaction of number of irrigations by weastwater concentrations on stem dry weight was also signification. Evaluation of different treatments showed that 45 percent concentration of wastewater was increased traits under study. It seems, that controlled irrigation of bean with wastewater of factory (producing yeast) can be effective in improving its yield in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Effects of Water Deficit and Manure on Yield and Morphological Characters Some of Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica) in Jiroft Area
P. Rahbarian Gh. AfsharmaneshIn this research effect of drought (water deficit) stress and manure on yield and some of the morphological characters of dragonhead was studied. In this study a strip plot pot experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) was conducted in greenhouse with MoreIn this research effect of drought (water deficit) stress and manure on yield and some of the morphological characters of dragonhead was studied. In this study a strip plot pot experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) was conducted in greenhouse with 15 treatments and 3 replication, in the Islamic Azad University Jiroft Branch in Iran during 2009. Three levels of water stress at 75% Fc (least stress), 50% Fc (moderate stress) and 25% Fc (severe stress) were considered as vertical factor and five manure levels (0 – 10 – 20 – 30 – 40 t/ha) were considered as horizontal factor. Total fresh and dry herb yield, plant height, number of stem, internode length, dry leaf and dry stem weights were measured. The results showed that the effect of water deficit stress on all morphological characters, except inter node length and stem number, were significant (= %5). The effect of manure on all morphological characters, except inter node length, were significant (= %5, = %1). Fresh and dry weights of herb, number of stem, plant height, dry leaf and stem weights decreased by increasing water stress. Water stress, significantly reduced on herb yield from 4868.27 kg/ha to 3348.00. Maximum dry herb yield with 4956kg/ha was due to 75% Fc (least stress) with manure treatment of 40 t/ha. Results of this study showed that by increasing manure level dry herb yield was increased. A significant positively correlation between dry herb yield and fresh herb (r = 0.969), number of stem (r = 0.849), plant height (r = 0.684), dry leaf (r = 0.969), dry stem (r = 0.974) were observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Relative Evaluation of Active Neotectonic Activities in the Kateh Pifak Anticline; Eyvan-e Qarb, Ilam
Reza Mansouri Samad FotoohiThe geomorphic analysis of mountain fronts, anticlines and folded belts can provide valuable insights about the recorded tectonic history of any given region. Therefore, such studies at a regional scale have been frequently undertaken using morphotectonic analysis to de MoreThe geomorphic analysis of mountain fronts, anticlines and folded belts can provide valuable insights about the recorded tectonic history of any given region. Therefore, such studies at a regional scale have been frequently undertaken using morphotectonic analysis to delineate areas having higher tectonic activity. Keteh Pifak anticline is located in the northeast of Eyvan-e-Qarb township, north of Ilam province and is considered as a part of the Zagros simply folded belt. In this research, with the aim of evaluating the active neotectonic movements in the Keteh Pifak anticline, the six geomorphic indices such as: Ratio of Valley Floor Width to Valley Height (VF), Percentage Undissected Escarpments (EU), Percentage Dissected Mountain Fronts (FD), Fold Front Sinuosity (FFS), Fold Symmetry Index (FSI), Aspect Ratio (AR) and Relative Tectonic Activity Index (Iat) have been used. The morphometry of Keteh Pifak anticline were determined using topographic maps, satellite imageries and field works. Also, the structural, tectonically and lithologically data were obtained using geological map (5257 sheets No) with 1:100,000 scale. Results show that high values of FFS, EU, AR indices and low values of FD, VF, FSI indices indicate the young and asymmetry of this anticline, the continuation of neotectonic forces and low erosion in the anticline. Also, based on the Iat index, it was determined that this anticline at class 3 of activity. Field evidence in the study area such as narrow valleys (V-shaped), straight, steep and faulted escarpments, asymmetric fold show that this anticline is tectonically relative active. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - اثر تنش شوری بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی و شاخصهای رشدی پنج رقم سویا (Glycin max L)
گودرز باقری فرد عبدالمجید رضایی امین اله باقری فرد شهرام محمدی عباس باقری -
Open Access Article
14 - Geomorphological consequences of the area affected by the 2017 Sarpol-e-Zahab-Azgeleh earthquake
Amjad maleki Ali AbdolmelekiEarthquakes are considered as one of the most destructive natural disasters and at the same time the most sudden natural force that occurs as a result of failure and displacement of rocks below the earth's surface. Earthquakes are followed by many geomorphological hazar MoreEarthquakes are considered as one of the most destructive natural disasters and at the same time the most sudden natural force that occurs as a result of failure and displacement of rocks below the earth's surface. Earthquakes are followed by many geomorphological hazards and environmental consequences, which cause great damage to vulnerable areas. Following the earthquake of November 13, 2017 Sarpol-e-Zahab-Azgaleh, many slope processes such as (landslides, landslides, subsidence, etc.), as well as natural consequences (changes in the flow of springs), economic, human consequences (destruction) Residential areas, roads, destruction of agricultural lands, orchards and fish farming complexes) occurred in the area, causing damage to areas affected by the earthquake. In this research, using satellite images, field operations, the required information about the occurrence of geomorphological processes and natural and human consequences in the region were collected and their location was identified and determined on a map. In addition, with the help of Arc GIS software, zones Exposed to location threats and some of the consequences of earthquakes, their location and map were plotted. The results of the study showed that the activation of most processes, amplitude instabilities as a result of weak geological structure, monotonic and morphological conditions of the region are affected by the occurrence of earthquakes, which their past history also confirms this. Preparing a final map to identify the location of complications and consequences in the region as another result of this study can be of great help in reducing the loss of life and property during Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Effects of Rapid Caspian Sea-Level Fluctuations on the Miankaleh Barrier Coasts
mohammad reza sarvati reza mansori manizheh ghohrodi taliThe goal of this study was to study the geomorphologic response- type models of the coastline of Miankaleh Barrier to the rapid fluctuations of the Caspian Sea. In this regard, Landsat satellite imageries (the sensor: 4, 5, 7 and 8 series), historical maps, topography m MoreThe goal of this study was to study the geomorphologic response- type models of the coastline of Miankaleh Barrier to the rapid fluctuations of the Caspian Sea. In this regard, Landsat satellite imageries (the sensor: 4, 5, 7 and 8 series), historical maps, topography maps and multiple field works have been used. Based on quantitative documentation of historical changes in shoreline position in response to natural and human variables, eight geomorphic response-types were identified for classifying barrier coasts: (1) lateral movement, (2) advance, (3) dynamic equilibrium, (4) retreat, (5) in-place narrowing, (6) landward rollover, (7) breakup, and (8) rotational instability. Long-term (decades to centuries) monitoring of shoreline position over a spatial scale of 10 to 100 km provides a scientific basis for documenting process-response relationships that shape regional coastal morphodynamics. The results show that there are the six morphological-type models in the Miankaleh barrier region based on the eight geomorphologic-type models of McBride et al, 1995; such as lateral movement, advance, retreat, in-place narrowing, breakup and rotational instability. The results indicate that the advance and retreat morphological-type models are formed in the region during the rise and fall sea levels, respectively. In-place narrowing and breakup morphological-type models appear simultaneously with the rise in sea level, and the rotational instability model also appears when the sea level is reduced in the region. The lateral movement type model has also been developed during the sea level rise and fall periods. Also, the results show that the sea level during the period of 1214-1396 has experienced six Progradation-Retrogradation stages. The assessment of the satellite imageries and statistical data on sea level fluctuations indicate that the sea level has fallen back to 1374 and has dropped by about 1.5 meters. The rate of recession and the reduction of the level of surface between 1374 until 1396 were estimated at 6.8 cm per year. Despite the fact that on a large scale, the increase in the relative sea level water along the shore of the Miankaleh barrier is one of the most important factors controlling the occurrence of various geomorphic reactions; however, the sediment supply also has a significant impact on reactions shoreline. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - تعیین جهات مناسب توسعه شهری بر اساس مناطق ممنوعه ژئومورفولوژیکی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان فارسان)
امیر صفاری حمید گنجائیان مژده فریدونی کردستانی زهرا حیدریتوسعه شهری بدون در نظر گرفتن ویژگی­های ژئومورفولوژی منجر به مخاطرات محیطی و تهدید برای جوامع انسانی میشود. با توجه به اینکه شهرستان فارسان از نظر ژئومورفولوژیکی با محدودیت­های زیادی مواجه است، هدف از تحقیق حاضر این است تا با اعمال مناطق ممنوعه توسعه شهری، مناطق Moreتوسعه شهری بدون در نظر گرفتن ویژگی­های ژئومورفولوژی منجر به مخاطرات محیطی و تهدید برای جوامع انسانی میشود. با توجه به اینکه شهرستان فارسان از نظر ژئومورفولوژیکی با محدودیت­های زیادی مواجه است، هدف از تحقیق حاضر این است تا با اعمال مناطق ممنوعه توسعه شهری، مناطق مستعد توسعه سکونتگاه­های شهرستان فارسان شناسایی شوند. تحقیق حاضر بر مبنای روش­های نرم­افزای، کتابخانه­ای و تحلیلی استوار است. در این تحقیق از 8 پارامتر شیب، جهت شیب، ارتفاع، زمین­شناسی، کاربری اراضی، فاصله از گسل، فاصله از رودخانه و فاصله از نقاط شهری برای ارزیابی تناسب زمین استفاده شده است. همچنین بهمنظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها و مکان­گزینی مناطق مستعد جهت اهداف مورد نظر از روش مناطق ممنوعه و مدل­های منطق فازی و AHP استفاده شده است. روش کار بهگونهای است که پس از تهیه لایه­های اطلاعاتی، مناطق ممنوعه جهت اهداف توسعه شهری شناسایی شده و سپس با استفاده از مدل AHP وزن نهایی هر کدام از لایه­های اطلاعاتی بدست آمده است. سپس در محیط GIS با استفاده از منطق فازی لایه­های اطلاعاتی بر اساس وزن­های بدست آمده و همچنین اعمال مناطق ممنوعه با هم تلفیق شده­اند. روش بکارگرفته شده در تحقیق حاضر سبب شده تا مناطقی که جهت اهداف توسعه شهری مناسب نیستند جزء مناطق ممنوعه قرار گیرند. نتایج تحقیق بیانگر این است که بخش زیادی از وسعت شهرستان فارسان در مناطقی قرار دارند که حداقل از نظر یکی از معیارهای مورد نظر تناسب لازم را برای اهداف توسعه شهری ندارند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Assessment of Analysis Network Process (ANP) and Analytic Hierarchy process (AHP), Methods on Investigating The Effect Some of Hydro Geomorphological Factors in Water Supply and Location of Settlement’s (Case Study: Miandoab Plain)
Davood Mokhtari Somayyeh MoazzezIranis a countrylocatedin thebelt ofarid and semi-arid. Poordistribution ofrainfallandhigh evaporationof themain characteristics ofthese areas Morewaterfromprecipitationthrough theevaporationofitsresidentsout. Inthis areatoo,the additionofwater fromriversinthe region, A MoreIranis a countrylocatedin thebelt ofarid and semi-arid. Poordistribution ofrainfallandhigh evaporationof themain characteristics ofthese areas Morewaterfromprecipitationthrough theevaporationofitsresidentsout. Inthis areatoo,the additionofwater fromriversinthe region, Andintensifyitin recent yearsand the increase inurban populationin recent yearsin the region, An increasing numberhavemoresevereConstructionMinister ofprime landarea, dothenecessaryresearch. .Therefore,inthisstudy, the method ofAHP(AHP) andnetworkanalysis(ANP)wereevaluated. For the studyofimageTM, 2011Landsat satellitewere used. Factors(slope, lithology, land use, distance to fault, distance from the river, rainfall, elevation andvegetation) were preparedin GIS Locationmapssettlementswas producedinthe above methods. Interpretation ofthe coefficientsshowed thatthe distancefrom the river, rain andelevationplays an important rolein this context. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - تحلیل عوامل ژئومورفوکلیمایی در آفرینش باد محلی منجیل
نسرین نیکاندیش هدیه اکبری قمصریباد منجیل یکی از مهمترین بادهای محلی است که از شهرت جهانی برخوردار بوده ومنجیل به شهر توربینهای بادی ایران معروف است. پژوهش حاضر باهدف شناسایی عوامل به وجود آورنده، تشدیدکننده و استمرار دهنده این پدیده، با استفاده از روش اسنادی-تحلیلی منطبق بر شواهد میدانی صورت گرفته Moreباد منجیل یکی از مهمترین بادهای محلی است که از شهرت جهانی برخوردار بوده ومنجیل به شهر توربینهای بادی ایران معروف است. پژوهش حاضر باهدف شناسایی عوامل به وجود آورنده، تشدیدکننده و استمرار دهنده این پدیده، با استفاده از روش اسنادی-تحلیلی منطبق بر شواهد میدانی صورت گرفته است. قلمرو مکانی مورد مطالعه در مختصات جغرافیایی 48 تا 51 درجه طول شرقی و 34 تا 38 درجه عرض شمالی گسترده شده است. از دادههای روزانه دما، رطوبت، فشار و باد ایستگاههای سینوپتیک بندرانزلی، رشت، منجیل و قزوین در پایه زمانی 1993-2014 و دادههای ارتفاع رقومی استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل نشان داد تضادهای اقلیمی میان محدوده شمالی (بندر انزلی، رشت)، محدوده کوهستانی (منجیل، رودبار)، محدوده دشت قزوین و مناطق کم ارتفاع با برقراری شیب انرژی بهعنوان عامل محرک باد منجیل ایفای نقش میکنند. این تضادها تحت شرایط زمین و الگوهای همدید ایجاد گردیده و با همراهی چیدمان مؤلفههای ژئومورفولوژیکی دریای خزر-دلتای سفید رود-کلوز سفیدرود -دشت قزوین، بهعنوان عامل مسبب بستر ایجاد باد منجیل؛سبب آفرینش یکی از شدیدترین بادهای ایران و جهان در منجیل میگردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - بررسی وضعیت تکتونیک فعال طاقدیس بانکول (در زاگرس چینخورده) با بهکارگیری شاخصهای مورفوتکتونیکی و شواهد ژئومورفولوژیکی
رضا منصوری زهرا سربازیدر این پژوهش از شاخصهای مورفوتکتونیک استفاده شده است، زیرا استفاده از اینگونه شاخصها در بررسیهای مربوط به تکتونیکهای فعال ابزار مفید و کارآمدی هستند، بهطوریکه با استفاده از آنها میتوان مناطقی را که تحت تاثیر حرکات نسبتا سریع یا حتی آهسته تکتونیکی قرار دارند را م Moreدر این پژوهش از شاخصهای مورفوتکتونیک استفاده شده است، زیرا استفاده از اینگونه شاخصها در بررسیهای مربوط به تکتونیکهای فعال ابزار مفید و کارآمدی هستند، بهطوریکه با استفاده از آنها میتوان مناطقی را که تحت تاثیر حرکات نسبتا سریع یا حتی آهسته تکتونیکی قرار دارند را مشخص نمود. استفاده از این شاخصها پیشتر بهعنوان ابزاری گرانبها و سودمند در مناطق فعال تکتونیکی در نواحی گوناگون آزمایششده و کارایی آنها به اثبات رسیده است. طاقدیس بانکول با مساحت 02/496 کیلومتر مربع در راستای عرض جغرافیایی ´´10 ´41 °33 تا ´´48 ´07 °34 و در راستای طول جغرافیایی ´´08 ´56 °45 تا ´´56 ´29 °46 در شمالشرقی شهرستان ایوانغرب واقع شده است. سازندهای اصلی تشکیلدهنده این طاقدیس شامل سازند: آسماری، پابده، گورپی، بختیاری و گچساران میباشند. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی میزان فعالیت تکتونیک فعال طاقدیس بانکول با استفاده از شاخصهای مورفوتکتونیکی (SMF, FMF, AR, FFS, FSI, FD, EU) میباشد. ابزارهای فیزیکی و مفهومی مورد استفاده در این پژوهش شامل نقشههای توپوگرافی و زمینشناسی منطقه مورد مطالعه، تصاویر ماهوارهای، سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی و نیز چندین بار بازدید میدانی میباشند. یافتههای پژوهش نشان میدهند که طاقدیس بانکول دارای وضعیت تکتونیکی فعالی است؛ بهطوریکه این طاقدیس برپایه مقادیر شاخصهای SMF, FMF, AR, FFS, FSI, FD, EU در کلاس یک فعالیت قرار میگیرد. همچنین، این یافتهها گویای تداوم حرکات نئوتکتونیک و بالاآمدگی در طاقدیس بانکول میباشند که با شواهد ژئومورفولوژیکی موجود در منطقه مورد پژوهش همچون وجود پرتگاههای گسلی خطی و مستقیم، اشکال مثلثی شکل، درههای ژرف و V شکل، بریدگی کم جبهه طاقدیس و عدم تشکیل کوهپایه مطابقت میکنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Evaluation of ecological characteristics of the habitat and determination of some quantitative characteristics and amount of minerals in the medicinal plant Hymenocarter longiflorus Benth in rangeland of South Khorasan province
seyedeh mahbubeh mirmiran Reza Yari Majid Dashti Abbasali NazeranMedicinal plants in the field of natural resources are considered as one of the most important strategies in the field of health, trade and technology. Scientific and comprehensive knowledge of the elements and components of rangeland ecosystems is essential for their p MoreMedicinal plants in the field of natural resources are considered as one of the most important strategies in the field of health, trade and technology. Scientific and comprehensive knowledge of the elements and components of rangeland ecosystems is essential for their proper planning and management. For this purpose, the ecological characteristics of the habitat, morphological characteristics and the amount of some minerals of H. longiflorus Benth medicinal plant in the rangeland ecosystems of South Khorasan in two habitats of Amroodkan Ferdows Valley and Sabz Sarayan Valley were studied. Thus, 3 transects were established in the representative area of each habitat and 10 plots of 3 square meters were installed along each transect. In each plot, cover parameters including density, percentage of canopy cover of plant species, percentage of H. longiflorus Benth species, large and small diameter, medium height and some mineral compounds in plant aerial parts were measured. Also, climatic and topographic characteristics of each habitat and physical and chemical factors of the soil were measured. The results showed that the direction of both habitats was north and Amrudkan valley had higher altitude and average annual rainfall compared to Sabzerood. The soil of both regions was in the acidic range and the soil texture in the habitat of Amrudkan valley was loam and in Sabzrood habitat was sandy-loamy. Percentage of total species, percentage of Aroneh species, average height and wet and dry weight of flowering branches of the species due to more suitable ecological conditions and the presence of more fertile soil in the habitat of Amrudkan valley 17, 43, 12, 43 and 62% more, respectively. The habitat of Sabzrood was Sarayan. Also, there was a significant difference between the minerals in the medicinal organ of H. longiflorus Benth in the two habitats and the minerals in the flowering branches of this species were higher in the Emroodkan valley habitat than Sabzrood habitat. In general, the results show the influence of morphological and phytochemical characteristics of this species. Due to its medicinal value, having minerals and also high resistance of this plant to different environmental conditions, its use in urban green space belt is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Evaluation of flooding tolerance in two-year-old seedlings of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)
ghasem ali Parad Masood Tabari Kochaksaraeai Ali Khodadost Sid Ehsan Sadati Nabi AziziThe aim of this study was determining the physiological and morphological responses of two-year-old common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) seedlings to flooding stress. For this purpose, seedlings of common ash were examined in a completely randomized design for 102 days un MoreThe aim of this study was determining the physiological and morphological responses of two-year-old common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) seedlings to flooding stress. For this purpose, seedlings of common ash were examined in a completely randomized design for 102 days under continuous flooding, temporary flooding treatment (for 60 and 42 days drainage, respectively) and control. Stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosynthesis rate were progressively decreased by flooding while all seedlings survived at the end of flooding. Also, flooded plants were able to adequately recover their physiological activities. In addition, height, root length, leaf area, and biomass accumulation of seedlings decreased under flooding conditions (particularly in continuous flooding). Diameter growth on the other hand, increased in seedlings subjected to temporary flooding. Overall, the results showed that two-year-old seedlings of F. excelsior had a suitable response to flooding stress until day 60. After 42 days drainage, the physiological characteristics of the seedlings were recovered. Generally, on the basis of the findings in this research, it is expected that F. excelsior can be used for the purpose of restoration of lowlands and wood production in areas subjected to periodic flooding. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - The effects of air pollution on some morphological and physiological characteristics of Platanus orientalis L. leaves in Tehran
Sayyedeh Mahdokht MaddahPlantain (Platanus orientalis L.)is an important tree used in green space in Tehran. Due to severe air pollution in Tehran, these trees experience early fall in recent years. The present study in an attempt to find the causes of this phenomenon, measured leaf area, dry MorePlantain (Platanus orientalis L.)is an important tree used in green space in Tehran. Due to severe air pollution in Tehran, these trees experience early fall in recent years. The present study in an attempt to find the causes of this phenomenon, measured leaf area, dry weight, stomata conductance, stomata resistance, relative leaf humidity, relative chlorophyll concentrations, and the values of calcium, magnesium, lead, and cadmium. Leaves were collected from three regions in Tehran: Sadra Park as a clean region, Al-Mahdi Park as the polluted region 1, and Avesta Park as the polluted region 2. Results showed that air pollution causes significant reduction in leaf area and increase in stomatal conductance in Al-Mahdi Park. The highest amounts of magnesium and lead were also observed in Avesta Park plantain leaves. The highest value of cadmium in leaves was recorded in Sadra Park region. No significant differences were observed in the other traits under study at the collection sites. It seems plantain is able to absorb heavy metals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Comparison of morphological and phytochemical traits in some endogenous genotypes of sweet violet (Viola odorata l.) in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces
Hossein Moradi Mahdi Haddadinejad Alireza Yavari Mahdi Mohammadi Azni SeyedMaryam Musavi Syyed Mohammad Amin HosseiniIn order to evaluate genetic diversity using phenotype and phytochemical properties of sweet violet (Viola odorata), 10 regions of Mazandaran and Golestan provinces were studied. Phytochemical traits such as phenol content, flavonoid, antioxidant capacity, chlorophyll a MoreIn order to evaluate genetic diversity using phenotype and phytochemical properties of sweet violet (Viola odorata), 10 regions of Mazandaran and Golestan provinces were studied. Phytochemical traits such as phenol content, flavonoid, antioxidant capacity, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and morphological characters of leaf size, petiole length, pedicel length, and root length were evaluated. Sari and Kosout genotypes had the highest chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents and the Sari ecotype had the highest flavonoid content. The highest level of antioxidant capacity was observed in Sari and Vari ecotypes. The ecotypes of Zanglab, Aq Cheshmeh, Tangeh Chehel Chai with lower height showed the highest total phenol contents. Results of morphological evaluation showed that ecotypes of Vari, Sar,i and kosout had the longest leaves and ecotypes of Azni and Vari had the longest roots. Also, ecotypes of Vari, kosout, Tangeh Chehel Chai, and Zanglab had the highest petiole length and Tangeh Chehel Chai ecotype had the highest leaf number. Correlation of traits showed that leaf height, leaf width, petiole length, leaf number, leaf flavonoid, and leaf phenol contents of sweet violet decreased with increasing altitude. In general, Sari, Vari, and Kosoot ecotypes from Mazandaran province had superior genotypes for most of the traits that could be used for future breeding programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Evaluation and comparison of ten ecotypes of Teucrium polium L. in tolerance to drought stress
Zahra Tohidi Hamid Sobhanian amin baghizadehMedicinal plants, as important agricultural products, can be considered as the greatest national wealth for any country because of their vital role in promoting national goals for health and also as genetic treasures. Having a diversity of climates, Iran has a great var MoreMedicinal plants, as important agricultural products, can be considered as the greatest national wealth for any country because of their vital role in promoting national goals for health and also as genetic treasures. Having a diversity of climates, Iran has a great variety of medicinal plants. Detecting the growth status of medicinal plants under drought stress conditions can lead to the cultivation of resistant plants in dry or semidry areas. In the present study, we investigated the morphological and physiological responses of ten ecotypes of the medicinal plant Teucrium polium L. native to southeastern Iran under drought stress. For this purpose, a factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. In this experiment, moisture treatments of 100, 70, and 40% of field capacity were applied. Analysis of the data showed that the morphological traits under study including stem length and fresh and dry weight of shoots decreased by 5% with increasing drought stress. Drought stress also increased root length, proline content, and phenolic compounds while decreasing chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and protein contents. The highest resistance to stress was shown by ecotypes growing in Sarcheshmeh and Kuhpayeh regions and the lowest resistance was shown by plants in Shahdad and Anbarabad regions. The results of the study indicated the relative resistance of this plant to drought stress. Therefore, it is a very suitable medicinal plant for cultivation in dry and low water areas of Iran. Among the studied ecotypes, the plants of Sarcheshmeh and Kuhpayeh regions responded 40% better to drought stress conditions and cultivation of these ecotypes in stressed areas can be recommended with more confidence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The study of morphophysiological characteristics and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using Nitrogen and Zinc sources and their interaction
Mohammadali Rezaei hossein ajamnorozi Mehrali Mahmoudjanlo Hassan Modares zadehThe study of use of nutrients and the optimal balance between nutrients and concentrations of absorbable compounds has always attracted the attention of researchers in biological and agricultural sciences. In this research, effects of four levels of Nitrogen sources (10 MoreThe study of use of nutrients and the optimal balance between nutrients and concentrations of absorbable compounds has always attracted the attention of researchers in biological and agricultural sciences. In this research, effects of four levels of Nitrogen sources (100 % urea, nano-chelate nitrogen, 100% Panaromix biologic fertilizer, and 50% urea + 50 % Panaromix biologic fertilizer) along with three levels of Zinc sources (control or without application of Zn, zinc sulfate, and nano-chelate zinc) and interaction effects of hese sources were investigated on physiology and yield of wheat. The study was carried out by split-plot method based on completely randomized blocks design with 3 replications and 12 treatments in a private farm located in the north of Jelin, a city located 3 Km east of Gorgan, during the 2017-2018 crop year. Results showed that the traits under study were affected by the sources of nitrogen supply and the interaction effects of sources of the two elements but there was no significant difference under treatment with sources of zinc supply. In Nitrogen supply sources, the maximum leaf area and number, shoot length, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll (a+b) content, and nitrate reductase activity as well as biological and grain yield was related to 100% urea and 50% urea + 50% biologic fertilizer. In combined treatments with the interaction effects, the highest amount of proline was related to 100% biological fertilizer + nano-chelate zinc and in the treatments that were associated with increased proline, there was no increase in the soluble sugars and glycine betaine contents. The highest level of NR activity, chlorophyll a, and total chlorophyll (a+b) content, and also the highest level of grain performance and biological yield were observed in 100% urea + Zinc sulfate fertilizer treatment. The results showed that high yield of wheat in this treatment was a function of plant physiological behavior, showing a positive interaction between nitrogen and zinc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Screening different cold-resistant sugarcane (Saccharum ssp. L) genotypes using morphological and biochemical indices
mahmoud fouladvand asa ebrahimi mehdi rahaei vahid Shariati joniSugarcane is cultivated in different parts of the world up to a latitude of about 32 degrees north and south. The resistance of this plant to cold is low. Considering the sensitivity of sugarcane to cold, in order to identify the pathways and genes by differential expre MoreSugarcane is cultivated in different parts of the world up to a latitude of about 32 degrees north and south. The resistance of this plant to cold is low. Considering the sensitivity of sugarcane to cold, in order to identify the pathways and genes by differential expression in sugarcane cultivars during cold stress and employ them in sugarcane plant breeding programs, 454 sugarcanes were investigated using morphological and biochemical indices, in the Research Farm of Khuzestan Sugarcane Research Institute following the incidence of -1.2 ℃ temperature in the region in December 2015. In the first stage, the cold-tolerant or sensitive cultivars were selected using morphological indices. In the second stage, biochemical indices such as proline and malondialdehyde were measured in the tolerant cultivars (selected at the first stage) after a cold stress period in 2016, which showed increases in comparison with susceptible cultivars. According to the data obtained at the two stages, two cultivars, namely BR00-01 and TUC66-107, were identified as the most tolerant and sensitive to cold, respectively. Based on the results of morphological studies, the cultivars with a higher tolerance to cold stress were also hose with higher proline and MDA levels in the biochemical study stage compared with the sensitive cultivars. There was also a high correlation between morphological traits and biochemical indicators in terms of cold resistance. Therefore, by measuring morphological and biochemical indices, it is possible to determine to a large extent the type of reaction of a sugarcane cultivar to cold stress before doing molecular analysis and spending huge sums of money, and to select superior clones when sifting sugarcane clones at different breeding stages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Evalution of phytochemical screening of Rhamnus pallasii parts at different phenological stages
Akram Taleghani Soghra Mahmoudi Majid Mokaber EsfahaniRhamnus pallasii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. is one of the most important species of the Rhamnaceae family, which have widely distributed in Iran. Various factors such as different harvest period, habitat, and climate affect the content of plant secondary metabolites. In this MoreRhamnus pallasii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. is one of the most important species of the Rhamnaceae family, which have widely distributed in Iran. Various factors such as different harvest period, habitat, and climate affect the content of plant secondary metabolites. In this study, phytochemical screening in different morphological parts (fruit, leaf, bark and root) investigated in April, May, July, August and October based on different climatic and phenological conditions. Different parts extracted with water-methanol (80%). The content of phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins and phenolic acid compounds of extracts was determined by spectrophotometry method and the antioxidant diphenyl pykryl hydrazyl (DPPH) test was used. The results are significant at the level of 0/05. Methanolic extract of fruit collected in October showed the largest content of total phenolics (583.66 ± 1.02 µg GAE/g DE), anthocyanin (9.06 ± 0.019 mg /l) and phenolic acid (53.87 ± 1.52 µg CAE/g). Also, the highest total flavonoid content was found in methanol extract of leaves in April (514.48±1.77µg QE/g). The fruits exhibited excellent antioxidant properties with IC50 value of 7.52±0.24 µg/ml in October, followed by leaves (8.18±0.29 µg/ml in March), roots (13.50±0.29 µg/ml in March) and barks (14.79±0.37 µg/ml in May). As a result, there is seasonal variation in both the quality and quantity of phenolic compound in different parts of Rhamnus. The phenolic-rich extracts in this study can be effectively used for both research and industrial applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Changes in proline amount, water relations and morphological compatibility of two soybean varieties (Pershing and DPX) under water stress
حسن modarse zade mr rezaee مه لقا GhorbanliWater stress is the main limitation in the production of many crops and causes many physiological and morphological reactions in plants. This problem has been observed in different cultivars of the same species, including soybeans. The aim of this research was to study MoreWater stress is the main limitation in the production of many crops and causes many physiological and morphological reactions in plants. This problem has been observed in different cultivars of the same species, including soybeans. The aim of this research was to study the effect of water stress on water relations, proline content and morphological characteristics of two soybean cultivars including Pershing and DPX. For this purpose, an experiment was carried out in pots and water treatments of 80 (flooded), 60, 40 and 20% (dry) of the water saturation capacity of the soil were applied on them. The results of the studies showed a significant difference in the measured measurements in two soybean cultivars. In both cultivars, reducing the amount of irrigation caused a decrease in plant height and root length, and in the flooding treatment, it was associated with a significant increase in misplaced roots. In the Pershing variety, the decrease in the amount of irrigation led to a decrease in the relative amount of water (RWC), but in the DPX variety, the lowest amount of RWC was observed in the 40% treatment. Leaf water loss (LWL) was higher in all treatments in Pershing variety than similar treatments in DPX variety. The highest amount of proline in leaves and roots was related to treatments with lower RWC, which was observed in Pershing and DPX cultivars in 20% and 40% treatments, respectively. In both cultivars, the amount of proline amino acid was higher in the leaves than in the root. The results showed that in both cultivars, leaves were more affected by water stress than roots, and Pershing cultivar showed more sensitivity in low water levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - تاثیر چرا بر برخی ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیکی و مورفولوژیکی گونههای Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. وStachys turcomanica Trautva. در استان خراسان شمالی
مرضیه نیستانی مه لقا قربانلی علی ستاریان -
Open Access Article
30 - Study and comparison of morphological and phytochemical traits of Mentha pulegium L. in different habitats of Guilan province
Azizollah Kheiry Zahra baharmast mohsen sanikhani Ali SoleimaniM. pulegium is belongs to Lamiaceae. Pulegon as a main ingredient in mint has antimicrobial and aromatic properties which has been used to treatment of many diseases. In this study M. pulegium were collected from three natural habitats of Ziaber, Masal and Abkenard in t MoreM. pulegium is belongs to Lamiaceae. Pulegon as a main ingredient in mint has antimicrobial and aromatic properties which has been used to treatment of many diseases. In this study M. pulegium were collected from three natural habitats of Ziaber, Masal and Abkenard in the flowering stage in Guilan province. Also, rhizomes of habitat samples were cultivated in the research farm of Zanjan University in the same year. The rhizomes of the these populations were collected in the spring of 2017 and transferred to the research farm of Zanjan University. In the summer of the same year, flowering branches were harvested from natural habitates. The essential oil was extracted by using a Clevenger apparatus and water distillation and were and bused by GC and GC-MS. Results were showed that the polygon were highly varied in all populations, in which the highest and lowest content of pulegone was observed in cultivated population in Zanjan and Abkenar population with 54.43% and 40.19%, respectively. According to the results, the populations grown habitat were superior to morphological traits such as leaf length, plant height and number of internodes. A higher percentage of essential oil was observed in the cultivated population, it may be due to decrease in rainfall, an increase in altitude, as well as differences in latitude and longitude. The pulegon and camphene in Ziaber region had the highest amount with 49.17% and 11.84%, respectively, in Masal region, pulegon with 49.47% and gamaterpinen with 24.24% and in Abkenar region, pulegon (40.19%) and gamaterpinen (11.56%) were the most compounds. The high amount of these compounds in the studied populations indicates the high quality of essential oil in this medicinal plant. In this study, the cultivated populations had fewer compounds with a high percentage of the main compounds compared to other populations, so it seems they have more superiority and potential for breeding and domestication programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The comparision of morphological and phytochemical evaluation in some population of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. in different provinces under field conditions
Maryam Keshavarzi Mohammad Bagher Rezaei, syed Mehdi MiriIn this study due to evaluate the morphological and phytochemical diversity of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. essential oils, the seeds of six populations of plant from Azerbaijan Province (Damraji and Gereh Zagh), Alborz (Gachsar), Qazvin (Alamut), Isfahan (Tangeh Saiad) MoreIn this study due to evaluate the morphological and phytochemical diversity of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. essential oils, the seeds of six populations of plant from Azerbaijan Province (Damraji and Gereh Zagh), Alborz (Gachsar), Qazvin (Alamut), Isfahan (Tangeh Saiad) and Lorestan (Nour Abad Delfan) were obtained from gene banks of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (Tehran), so after that the aerial parts of plants were collected before flowering in July 2013, which were cultivated from the research farm of Alborz province. The essential oils were obtained by hydro distillation method and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The results of variance analysis were showed significant differences in plant height, crown diameter, stem diameter, leaf length and width, number of leaves per plant and dry weight, respectively. The highest plant height (103.9 mm), stem diameter (3.6 mm) and number of leaves per plant (19) were showed in Alborz population (Gachsar) and the populations were classified in to two groups. Three components explain 89.6% of variation of all data and some traits such as stem diameter, leaf number and fresh and dry weight were attributed to first component. The lowest (0.015%) and the highest (0.049%) yields belonged to the Alamut and Gereh Zagh population, respectively. The composition of γ-terpinene, β-pinene, α-Pinene, germacrene-D and bicycle -germacrene were dominant in all essential oils of plant in different regions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Study of morphological diversity, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in different populations of Nepeta nuda and Nepeta crassifolia in habitats of Ardabil and East Azerbaijan provinces
Rasoul Narimani Mohammad Moghaddam Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbaloti Danial ShokouhiNepeta L., belongs to Lamiaceae family, is containing different annual and perennial species which are found in different parts of Asia, Europe and North Africa. In order to evaluate the morphological diversity, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity between 6 MoreNepeta L., belongs to Lamiaceae family, is containing different annual and perennial species which are found in different parts of Asia, Europe and North Africa. In order to evaluate the morphological diversity, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity between 6 populations of Nepeta nuda and Nepeta crassifolia, the aerial parts of these plants in flowering stages were collected in summer 2015 from Ardabil and east Azerbaijan provinces. The morphological traits included plant height, number of sub-branches, leaf length and width, number of nodes, inflorescence length, internode length and length of sub-branch were measured. Methanolic extract were obtained by maceration, phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalto method and antioxidant activity were measurement DPPH radical scavenging capacity method, respectively. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with 3 replications and the comparison of data average was done by LSD test at 5% probability level. Results were showed that the first population (Nepetacrassifolia - Razi) was superior in morphological characteristics compared to other populations of this species. The highest antioxidant activity (74.96%)and total phenolic content (9.88mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of fresh weight), was obtained from the leaves and flowers of population 3 (Heyran), respectively. Maximum plant height, leaf length and width, number of nodes were observed in population 6 (Meshkin) of Nepeta nuda and also the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic content were perceived in leaves of population 5 (Heris) and flowers of population 4 (Meshkin-Heris), respectively. Generally the most total phenolic content and antioxidant activity between two species were observed in population 3 (Heyran) which is belong to the Nepeta crassifolia. It seems that the height of sea level had significant effect on populations phenolic content and antioxidant activity. So the populations of 1 and 6, which both species were desirable at evaluated morphological traits so that these populations can be considered in breeding and domestication programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Evaluation and Comparison of Morphological and Phytochemical Characteristics of 14 Ziziphus jujuba Mill's Ecotypes in Iran
sakineh kohansal vajargah reza baradaran seyyed gholamreza mosavi majid tolyat abolhasani darab yazdaniThe Zizyphus jujuba Mill from Rhamnaceae family is a laxative, a blood purifier, and a nerves relaxant. The study was performed to evaluate the morphological traits and the phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid compounds of Ziziphus jujuba Mill's ecotypes to achieve superior MoreThe Zizyphus jujuba Mill from Rhamnaceae family is a laxative, a blood purifier, and a nerves relaxant. The study was performed to evaluate the morphological traits and the phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid compounds of Ziziphus jujuba Mill's ecotypes to achieve superior ecotype. 14 Ziziphus jujuba Mill's ecotypes from collection of ACECR in Southern Khorasan which had been obtained from flower and leaves in flowering stage and from fruit in fructifying stage, from different regions, in spring 2017. The Total amount of tannin and phenolic compounds were determined by Makar method the total amount of flavonoid was obtained using a high performance liquid chromatography apparatus. Grouping the ecotypes was carried out based on morphological and phytochemical traits, through cluster analysis. And correlation of quantitative traits was performed by Pearson method. The results showed that flavonoids yield had a significant positive correlation with fruit's length and width and length/width ratio. Phenol yield had a significant positive correlation with fruit's length and width. And tannin yield showed a significant positive correlation with phenol. The results of variance analysis, morphological traits including leaf's length and width and length/width ratio, fruit's length and width and length/width ratio, and thousand-seed weight showed a variety of germplasms of Ziziphus jujuba Mill in Iran. In terms of morphological traits, the coarse ecotype had the maximum effective ingredient. showed a statistically significant difference in phytochemicals. Based on cluster analysis, 14 ecotypes were divided into two separate groups. The evaluation of morphological and phytochemical traits among ecotypes a high variation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Variability in morphological traits, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in different populations of three specie of Prangos spp. collected from habitats of Fars and Kohklouye va Boyerahmad provinces
Peyman Azarkish Mohammad Moghaddam Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti Fatimah KhakdanIn order to evaluate the morphological diversity, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity between 18 populations of Prangos acaulis, Prangos platychloena and Prangos ferulacea, the aerial parts of plants at flowering stages were collected from Fars and Kohklouye MoreIn order to evaluate the morphological diversity, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity between 18 populations of Prangos acaulis, Prangos platychloena and Prangos ferulacea, the aerial parts of plants at flowering stages were collected from Fars and Kohklouye va Boyerahmad provinces. To investigate the morphological traits, 10 plants selected in each habitat and 15 quantitative, 39 qualitative morphological and 8 habitats properties traits for each populations were investigated. Total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalto and antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging capacity method were measurement. The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design and the comparison of data average was done by Duncan test at 1% probability level. The results showed that there was great diversity among populations. Cluster analysis divided populations into three groups. Results showed that population 14 from Prangos acaulis was superior in morphological characteristics compared to other populations of this species. The highest antioxidant activity (93.05%) and total phenolic content (8.84 mg GAE/g FW), was obtained from the populations 14 and 8, respectively. Also the highest antioxidant activity (92.72%) and total phenolic content (10.25 mg GAE/g FW)) in Prangos platychloena were obtained from populations 7 and 15, respectively. Generally the most total phenolic content and antioxidant activity between three species were observed in population 18 which is belong to the Prangos ferulacea. So the populations of 5, 6, 7, 8, 11 and 13 among three species studied were desirable at evaluated morphological traits so that these populations can be considered in breeding and domestication programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Evaluation the effects of Thiobacillus biological and chemical fertilizers on morphological and phytochemical characteristics of Satureja hortensis L.
Ali Ghaderi Ali Noee Khadijeh Ahmadi Hossein SaborifardSatureja hortensis L. is one of the valuable plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family that its leaves and flowering branches contain essential oil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Thiobacillus biological and chemical fertilizers on morphological and MoreSatureja hortensis L. is one of the valuable plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family that its leaves and flowering branches contain essential oil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Thiobacillus biological and chemical fertilizers on morphological and phytochemical characteristics of this plant. The present study was carried out as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the research farm of Golmakan town in 2019. Experimental treatments included Thiobacillus biological fertilizer (0, 5 and 12 kg/ha) and chemical fertilizer (0, 35 and 70 kg/ha). Plant essential oil was extracted from savory leaves at flowering stage by Clevenger apparatus, then the constituents of the essential oil were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that all morphological traits of the plant as well as the quality and quantity of the active ingredients of the essential oil were affected by fertilizer treatments. The combined application of biological and chemical fertilizers led to an increase in the studied traits compared to the non-application of fertilizer. The highest plant height (48.8 cm), leaf dry weight (9.7 g) and essential oil density (3.67%) were obtained in the combined use of fertilizers. The two main constituents of savory essential oil including carvacrol (62.10%) and gamaterpinen (19.04%) showed the highest increase in the treatment composition of 12 kg/ha of Thiobacillus fertilizer and 70 kg/ha of chemical fertilizer (NPK). Based on the results, we found that combinations of biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer could increase the morphological characteristics, quantity and quality of savory essential oil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - اثر تنش شوری بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی و شاخصهای رشدی پنج رقم سویا (Glycin max L)
گودرز باقری فرد عبدالمجید رضایی امین اله باقری فرد شهرام محمدی عباس باقری -
Open Access Article
37 - The Effect of Ultraviolet Light on Pigment Production and Morphological Characteristics of Monascus purpureus
Asiyeh Pahlevaninezhad Mahshid Jahadi Nafiseh Sadat Naghavi MohammadAli ZiaPeople's concerns about the use of synthetic additives have doubled the importance of the need for research in the field of production of natural pigments, especially microbial pigments. Therefore, in this study, the spore suspension of Monascus purpureus was treated us MorePeople's concerns about the use of synthetic additives have doubled the importance of the need for research in the field of production of natural pigments, especially microbial pigments. Therefore, in this study, the spore suspension of Monascus purpureus was treated using ultraviolet light at random times (20, 30, 45, 60 seconds) and intervals (20, 30, 35 cm). Then, six suspicious colonies were selected to study the morphological characteristics and their pigment production and biomass growth were studied as liquid culture. The results showed that ultraviolet light caused morphological changes in Monascus purpureus. Pigment production in treated samples increased significantly compared to wild strain (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Analysis of the role of natural factors influencing the future development of Ahvaz city
Mohammad Ebrahim Afifi mahnaz ameri marziyeh moghaliIntroduction: Today, population growth and physical development in Iranian cities, especially Ahvaz, is increasing. The pattern of urban expansion in Ahvaz city has also moved in a new direction due to the rapid urbanization in Iran in the past several years, under the MoreIntroduction: Today, population growth and physical development in Iranian cities, especially Ahvaz, is increasing. The pattern of urban expansion in Ahvaz city has also moved in a new direction due to the rapid urbanization in Iran in the past several years, under the influence of the urbanization process, population expansion and increase in migration, so that the master plan has not been able to provide a suitable model for the expansion of this city. Therefore, one of the most important issues facing the development of this city is the location of its future development, and in this regard, natural parameters are considered to be the main factors that determine the direction of the physical development of Ahvaz.Research aim: The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of natural factors influencing the future development of Ahvaz city and to provide a suitable location according to these factors for the future development of this city.Methodology: The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of its practical purpose and in terms of methodology. The territory of the current research is the city of Ahvaz. In this research, the physical development status of Ahvaz city was investigated using GIS software, then the directions of the city's expansion from the perspective of geomorphological and natural factors were investigated in the ARC GIS environment using FUZZY OVERLAY and GAMMA operator.Studied Areas: The geographical area of this research is the city of Ahvaz.Results: The findings of the research showed that in the planning for the development of Ahvaz city, the capabilities and natural hazards have been neglected and the physical development of this city has taken place regardless of the geomorphological limitations.Conclusion: According to the final map of the geomorphologically prone areas, a significant part of the northern part of Ahvaz city is in poor condition, in the west it is in poor condition, in the east it is in average condition and in the south it is in good condition. Therefore, the southern areas of Ahvaz city are more suitable for the future development of this city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - شناسایی گونههای Phomopsisروی چند گیاه زینتی و جنگلی در ایران بر اساس مشخصات ریخت-شناسی و مولکولی
سورنا باوند سوادکوهی صفرعلی مهدیان ولی الله بابایی زاد محمدعلی تاجیک قنبریشبه جنس Phomopsis از جمله قارچ­های ناقص بیماریزای گیاهی است که گونه­های آن در نقاط مختلف دنیا میزبان­های متعددی همچون انگور، سویا، اقاقیا، ختمی، گاوپنبه و چندین گیاه دیگر دارند. در این بررسی از گیاهان ختمی (Alcea rosea)، گاوپنبه (Abutilon theophrasti)، بهیمه Moreشبه جنس Phomopsis از جمله قارچ­های ناقص بیماریزای گیاهی است که گونه­های آن در نقاط مختلف دنیا میزبان­های متعددی همچون انگور، سویا، اقاقیا، ختمی، گاوپنبه و چندین گیاه دیگر دارند. در این بررسی از گیاهان ختمی (Alcea rosea)، گاوپنبه (Abutilon theophrasti)، بهیمه (Phanera purpurea) و اقاقیا (Robinia pseudoacacia var. Umbraculifera) مشکوک به آلودگی Phomopsis نمونه­برداری شد. پس از کشت نمونه­ها، جداسازی و خالص سازی جدایه­های قارچی انجام شد و خصوصیات ریخت­شناسی جدایه­های به­دست آمده مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. از بین جدایه­ها پنج جدایه به­عنوان نماینده انتخاب و DNA آن­ها استخراج شد. ناحیه ITS از DNA ریبوزومی و بخشی از ژن TEF تکثیر و توالی­یابی شدند. توالی نمونه­ها با توالی­های موجود در ژن بانک (NCBI) مقایسه شد. نتیجه نشان داد توالی جدایههای P1 از ختمی، P2 از گاوپنبه و P4 از اقاقیا بالاترین شباهت را با گونه Phomopsis malvacearum داشتند. توالی جدایه P3 از روی بهیمه بیشترین شباهت را با Phomopsis loropetaliو توالی جدایه P5 از روی اقاقیا بیشترین شباهت را با گونه Phomopsis theicolaنشان دادند. میانگین ابعاد پیکنیدهای تولید شده جدایهها روی سه محیط کشت CDA، CMA و PDA بعد از 16 روز در جدایههای اقاقیا 256 × 85، گاوپنبه 230 × 68، ختمی 230 × 69 و بهیمه 193 × 47 میکرومتر اندازهگیری شد. مشخصات ریخت­شناسی و مولکولی گونه­های شناسایی شده با هم تطابق داشتند. این گونه­ها از ایران برای اولین بار گزارش می­شوند. علایم بیماری ناشی از Phomopsis بسته به میزبان­های مورد مطالعه و گونه­های مختلف به­صورت متفاوت مشاهده شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی برخی ژنوتیپ های گل محمدی (Rosa damascena Mill.) استان کردستان با استفاده از صفات مرفولوژیکی
فردین نصری ارسلان فداکار بایزید یوسفی بهمن زاهدیاین پژوهش به منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی 12 ژنوتیپ گل محمدی کردستان با استفاده ازصفات مرفولوژیکی گل محمدی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی ژاله وابسته به مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی استان کردستان انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و در هر تکرار سه پایه از هر ژ Moreاین پژوهش به منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی 12 ژنوتیپ گل محمدی کردستان با استفاده ازصفات مرفولوژیکی گل محمدی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی ژاله وابسته به مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی استان کردستان انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و در هر تکرار سه پایه از هر ژنوتیپ صورت گرفت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده­ها نشان داد که بین ژنوتیپ­های مورد مطالعه، اختلاف معنی­داری در سطح احتمال 1% درصد وجود دارد. نتایج مقایسه میانگین بیانگر تنوع وسیع برای صفات مورد بررسی در ژنوتیپ­های مختلف بود. . همبستگی بین صفات نشان داد که صفات تعداد گل، ارتفاع گیاه، متوسط عرض، متوسط طول و متوسط تعداد برگ، میانگین قطر گل و نسبت وزنی گلبرگ به گل با عملکرد گل در پایه دارای همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری در سطح احتمال 1% درصد است. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه خوشه­ای 12 ژنوتیپ گل­محمدی در چهار گروه مجزا بر اساس صفات متفاوت تقسیم شدند. بنابراین با توجه به نتایج حاصل از آزمایش برای معرفی ژنوتیپ ­برتر می­توان ژنوتیپ­های کردستان3 و کردستان2 را معرفی کرد. ژنوتیپ کردستان3 دارای عملکرد بالای گل در هکتار و تعداد گل بالا در بوته و ژنوتیپ کردستان2 دارای بیشترین قطر گل بوده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - بررسی ارتباط بین عوامل ژئومورفولوژیکی با توزیع فضایی جمعیت با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی
صمد شادفر -
Open Access Article
42 - Induction of salt tolerant soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr. cv. 033] mutants with gamma ray irradiation under greenhouse condition
miaad kia نادعلی بابائیان جلودار بابائیان جلودار نادعلی باقریIn order to study salt tolerance of 38 genotypes derived from gamma ray irradiation on 033 soybean cultivar (M2 generation), seeds of selected M1 genotypes were sown under greenhouse condition with 3 levels of sodium chloride (30, 60 and 90 mM) in sandy culture as a fac MoreIn order to study salt tolerance of 38 genotypes derived from gamma ray irradiation on 033 soybean cultivar (M2 generation), seeds of selected M1 genotypes were sown under greenhouse condition with 3 levels of sodium chloride (30, 60 and 90 mM) in sandy culture as a factorial experiment on the basis of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in 2008. After 60 days from imposing salinity treatment, the traits of stem length, root length, root node number, plant fresh weight, dry weight of aerial part of plant, root dry weight and plant biomass were recorded. Analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences between salinity treatments, genotypes and their interaction. Moreover, results showed significant differences in morphological traits. The observations showed the most extensive variation range was belonging to 320 Gy dose of gamma ray. In this study, 13 genotypes were selected and they were tolerant to all salinity levels compare to control. These promising genotypes can be used as new germplasms to obtain new salt tolerant or resistant varieties in near future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Effects of cultural planting date and on yield and yield components of strawberry in organic production (in Hashtgerd climate condition)
seyed morteza zahedi Zeinab Nazemi Zeinab Houshmand PanahIn order to study the effects of planting date and plant density on morphological characteristics, quality as well as yield of strawberry, a split plot experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Hashtgerd, Alborz Prov MoreIn order to study the effects of planting date and plant density on morphological characteristics, quality as well as yield of strawberry, a split plot experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Hashtgerd, Alborz Province, during 2013-2014. Main plots were three planting dates of February 20, March 11 and April 9 and sub-plots included three inter-row spacing of 20, 30 and 40 cm. The results indicated that planting date of March 11, as the best date, had the highest fruit yield by about 148.67 gr/plant which was above 30% increase of yield compared with April 9 . Moreover, the highest amount of vitamin C, anthocyanin, TSS, TA, TSS/TA and firmness were achieved in this time. As regards planting space, space increases from 20 to 40 cm increased yield by almost 25%. In general, the results showed that in Hashtgerd climate condition, the best planting date and space for strawberry, among experimented values, were March 11th and 40 cm respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - بررسی تاثیر کم آبیاری و نیتروژن بر ساختار رویشی و خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی اکوتیپهای حنا در منطقه جیرفت
حسن سرحدی زهرا مختاریبه منظور بررسی فنولوژی اکوتیپ های گیاه حنا با مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن و آبیاری کم، آزمایشی در قالب کرت های خرد شده کاملا تصادفی در 4 تکرار در مزرعه و در سال زراعی 98-1397 انجام شد. تنش کم آبیاری عامل اصلی (100، 75 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه)، نیتروژن عامل ثانویه (شامل 50، Moreبه منظور بررسی فنولوژی اکوتیپ های گیاه حنا با مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن و آبیاری کم، آزمایشی در قالب کرت های خرد شده کاملا تصادفی در 4 تکرار در مزرعه و در سال زراعی 98-1397 انجام شد. تنش کم آبیاری عامل اصلی (100، 75 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه)، نیتروژن عامل ثانویه (شامل 50، 100 و 150 کیلوگرم) است. نیتروژن خالص در هکتار در سه سطح و عوامل فرعی (شامل بمی، بوشهری و رودباری) بررسی شد و نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که هر سه عامل بر وزن برگ، کل، وزن خشک برگ و وزن خشک کل در سطح آماری 1 درصد تأثیر معنیداری داشتند. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق و اهمیت استفاده از ارقام و اکوتیپ های مقاوم به خشکی با استفاده از 150 نیتروژن در هکتار به ترتیب 9.77 و 2.37 تن تعیین شد. مدیریت بهینه مصرف کود به منظور حفظ محیط زیست و افزایش ماده موثره گیاه حنا کشت شده در اکوتیپ بامی تحت تنش خشکی 75 درصد نیاز آبی و مصرف 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار و بدون تنش با استفاده از برگ حنا اکوتیپ باری با مصرف 150 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار در همین منطقه و شرایط توصیه می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - بررسی تاثیر کم آبیاری و نیتروژن بر ساختار رویشی و خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی اکوتیپهای حنا در منطقه جیرفت
حسن سرحدی زهرا مختاریبه منظور بررسی فنولوژی اکوتیپ های گیاه حنا با مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن و آبیاری کم، آزمایشی در قالب کرت های خرد شده کاملا تصادفی در 4 تکرار در مزرعه و در سال زراعی 98-1397 انجام شد. تنش کم آبیاری عامل اصلی (100، 75 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه)، نیتروژن عامل ثانویه (شامل 50، Moreبه منظور بررسی فنولوژی اکوتیپ های گیاه حنا با مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن و آبیاری کم، آزمایشی در قالب کرت های خرد شده کاملا تصادفی در 4 تکرار در مزرعه و در سال زراعی 98-1397 انجام شد. تنش کم آبیاری عامل اصلی (100، 75 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه)، نیتروژن عامل ثانویه (شامل 50، 100 و 150 کیلوگرم) است. نیتروژن خالص در هکتار در سه سطح و عوامل فرعی (شامل بمی، بوشهری و رودباری) بررسی شد و نتایج تجزیه واریانس در سطح آماری 1 درصد نشان داد که هر سه عامل بر وزن برگ، کل، وزن خشک برگ و وزن خشک کل تأثیر معنیداری داشتند. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق و اهمیت استفاده از ارقام و اکوتیپ های مقاوم به خشکی با استفاده از 150 نیتروژن در هکتار به ترتیب 9.77 و 2.37 تن تعیین شد. مدیریت بهینه مصرف کود به منظور حفظ محیط زیست و افزایش ماده موثره گیاه حنا کشت شده در اکوتیپ بامی تحت تنش خشکی 75 درصد نیاز آبی و مصرف 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار و بدون تنش با استفاده از برگ حنا اکوتیپ باری با مصرف 150 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار در همین منطقه و شرایط توصیه می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - The effects of drought stress on seed germination and some of morphological and physiological traits in Trachyspermum ammi
امین باقی زاده Malihe Afroushte Baratali FakheriIn order to assess the response of ajowan to drought stress that induced by PEG 6000 on germination and growth stages, two separate experiments that in each useed completely randomized design with three replications were done. In first experiment, the response of germin MoreIn order to assess the response of ajowan to drought stress that induced by PEG 6000 on germination and growth stages, two separate experiments that in each useed completely randomized design with three replications were done. In first experiment, the response of germination of ajowan seeds was investigated to different levels of drought stress include osmotic potential of zero (control), - 1/5, -2, -2/5 and -3bar that prepared by PEG6000. The second experiment was same first, but in this experiment, morphological and physiological characters of ajowan in different level of drought stress were evaluated. Results of Anova at our data showed that drought stress has significant effect (p≤0/01) on germination characters such as germination percentage, germination rate, height of plumule, length of radicle, dry weight of radicle and plumule. Mean comparison of treatments showed, with increase in drought stress, all the above characters have been reduced. Morphological traits such as leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and shoot dry weight ratio to root decreased under drought stress. Also, drought stress had a significant effect on the amount of proline and soluble sugars in the aerial part and root. Comparison of mean of treatments showed that, with increasing stress, the amount of proline and soluble sugars in the shoot and root increased (p≤0/01). The results showed, that germination parameters were reduced by drought stress. Ajowan showed differently responce to tolerate drought stress. Ajowan plant for tolerance to drought stress has different reactions, including reduction of traits such as leaf area and dry and fresh weight of aerial part and root and increase traits such as proline content and soluble sugars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Investigation of Genetic Diversity in Some Aloe Sp. Accessions Using Morphological Markers in the in vitro conditions
mansoor saljooghianpour s. mahdi javadzadeh Ahmad EbrahimiFor study the genetic diversity of Aloe germplasm and identify the classification and relationship of germplasm collections and exploiting them in breeding programs, Thirty three Aloe accessions were collected. These accessions were including 31 wild genotypes and 2 com MoreFor study the genetic diversity of Aloe germplasm and identify the classification and relationship of germplasm collections and exploiting them in breeding programs, Thirty three Aloe accessions were collected. These accessions were including 31 wild genotypes and 2 commercial genotypes. Shoot tip explants were washed and sterile. Then, were inoculated on solid MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mgl-1 benzyl adenine + 0.5 mgl-1 α-naphthalene acetic acid and sub-cultured on the same medium for plantlet production and propagation once every four weeks. Plantlets were grown in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications in greenhouse. After six months, 18 morphological traits were measured and analyzed. Morphological analysis indicated that all the studied various characters have a significant difference at P < 0.01 among Aloe accessions. Also comparison of the means (Duncan’s test) for the genotypes was performed. Maximum amounts for most traits was related to genotype 29 which suggests the potential of this genotype for further studies. The results of orthogonal comparisons between genotypes of wild or native genotypes in a group and the control group showed that the genotypes for most morphological traits studied, there was no significant difference. Cluster analysis indicated that all accessions were divided into three major groups. There were commercial accessions in the third group, and the best wild accession (number of 29) was in this group that is representing high potential of this genotype. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Study of efficiency of organic and chemical nitrogen on yield, yield components and agronomic characteristics of maize (Zea mayze L.)
Ali Khomari Hani Nazeran Reza Sadrabadi HaghighiTo evaluate the efficiency of organic fertilizers on the agronomic characteristics, yield and yield components of maize cultivars SC (704) and (260 ) a experiment was carried out. Agricultural Research Center of Khorasan through the research field station in 2012. The e MoreTo evaluate the efficiency of organic fertilizers on the agronomic characteristics, yield and yield components of maize cultivars SC (704) and (260 ) a experiment was carried out. Agricultural Research Center of Khorasan through the research field station in 2012. The effects of 9 fertilizer treatments included three types of organic fertilizers (16 and 32 tons per hectare), cows (24 and 48 tons per hectare), poultry (9.5 and 19 tons per hectare), fertilizers of 225 and 450 kg of urea Hectar and no fertilizer use (control) as main plots and two varieties of corn (Formerly Single Crossfader and Late 704) in sub plots were split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications were studied. The results of analysis of variance of the test data showed a significant difference between the treatments in ear diameter, ear length, ear height and length of Tassel at 5% level, and for the time interval between the emergence of pollen and silk fibers (ASI), (days from planting to pollination) (Tassal emergence) and total leaf area at 1% level. The results of mean comparison with Duncan's multiple range showed that the maximum forage yield (biomass and dry biomass) belonging to the compost treatment was 32 tons per hectare with average yield of 70.41 and 52.84 tons per hectare and the lowest forage yield (biomass and Dry biomass) belonged to control treatments 49.16 and 39.15 tons per hectare, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Investigation the effect of chitosan foliar application on yield and qualitative traits of Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.)
A. Naeimi far L. Pourhosseini M.N. Ilkaee R. Kalhor Monfared Biological stimulants can play an important role in increasing the essential oil of medicinalplants, through positive effects on growth and effective substances. In this research, the effectof chitosan foliar application as a biological stimulus on the quantitativ More Biological stimulants can play an important role in increasing the essential oil of medicinalplants, through positive effects on growth and effective substances. In this research, the effectof chitosan foliar application as a biological stimulus on the quantitative and qualitative traitsof Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) was investigated. This research was carried out in 2017in the greenhouse of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch, in three replications. Theexperimental treatments included: chitosan at 4 levels, zero (control), 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 gramsper liter. The results show that the effects of chitosan on morphological traits including thelength of the main stem, the number of secondary stems, the diameter of the main stem, thelength of the main root, the dry weight of the stem and root, as well as chlorophyll a andchlorophyll b were significant. The maximum mentioned traits were obtained in the treatmentof 1.5 grams per liter of chitosan. The maximum percentage of essential oil was obtained in thetreatment of 2 g/l and the maximum percentage of geraniol and geranial were obtained inconcentration of 1 g/L Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Response of yield and morphological traits of some mungbean, Vigna radiate L. genotypes to drought stress
Majid Rafie mohammadreza asgaripurWater deficit is a great constraint for agricultural productivity world wide. Mungbean is a traditional pulse in arid and semi-arid areas. This research was conducted in a research greenhouse at the Ferdowsi university of Mashhad to investigate the impact of five drough MoreWater deficit is a great constraint for agricultural productivity world wide. Mungbean is a traditional pulse in arid and semi-arid areas. This research was conducted in a research greenhouse at the Ferdowsi university of Mashhad to investigate the impact of five drought levels (-0.3, -3, -6, -9, and -12 bar) on yield and morphological characteristics of eight mungbean genotypes (Jalagon17, Kopergaon, D45-6, IlagS6A, MD15-2, MY-17, Berken, Kiloga). The experiment was conducted as factorial in completely randomized design with four replications. The genotypes were exposed to drought stress 10 days after emergence. Some parameters were measured during growing seasons including plant height, leaf number, flower and pod number, length and number of lateral branches. Results showed significant differences of genotypes in all studied parameters in the first stage of stress. Reduction in the flowering and podding time were also observed in most genotypes. Flower numbers was a suitable parameter in assessment of drought tolerant genotypes. Most measured parameters did not show significant differences in all drought stress levels, and interactions at the end of growth season. At this stage, weight of pods was the best index. At the end of growing season, all of the measured parameters showed a reduction with increasing levels of drought stress. The highest amount of all parameters were observed in field capacity (-0.3 bar). Among the levels of water potential tested, -3 and -6 bars were the best treatments for evaluating drought stress of mungbean genotypes. Among studied genotypes, D45-6, Ilag S6A, and MD 15-2 were the best ones in terms of responding to drought stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on morphological traits and essential oil of daffodil (Narcissus tazetta L.)
Fatemeh Nakhaei ahmad khalili mohammad ali naseri parviz abromandDaffodil (Narcissus tazetta) not only is known as a cut flower and ornamental plant, but also has high advantages in perfume industry. Effect of four kinds of plant growth regulators including gibberelic acid (GA3) 100 ppm, banzyladenine (BA) 500 ppm, indole butyric aci MoreDaffodil (Narcissus tazetta) not only is known as a cut flower and ornamental plant, but also has high advantages in perfume industry. Effect of four kinds of plant growth regulators including gibberelic acid (GA3) 100 ppm, banzyladenine (BA) 500 ppm, indole butyric acid (IBA) 200 ppm and Cycocel CCC 800 ppm) onmorphological traits and essential oil of daffodil were investigated. Plant growth regulators were sprayed at two stages including bulbs and foliage parts atinflorescence. The essential oil of fresh flowers was extacted using solvent extraction method. The results showed that GA3 and BA treatments had significant effects on increasing stem length, flower diameter and number of flowers in each inflorescence and also accelerated flowering. IBA application elongated flowering stem length but CCC decreased stem length. BA and IBA applications caused significant increase in essential oil, CCC had no effect on that, but GA3 decreased its quantity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Identification of morphological traits effective in essential oils quantity of Oliveria decombens L. in agricultural conditions.
Seyyed Mohammad Hosein Ale Omrani Nejad Ali Rezvani AghdamIn order to investigate the relationship between morphological traits and the percentage of essential oil and its components in Lal Kohistan (Oliveria decombens L.) populations, this research was conducted in 2018 in the research farm of Shahid Beheshti Dezful Company i MoreIn order to investigate the relationship between morphological traits and the percentage of essential oil and its components in Lal Kohistan (Oliveria decombens L.) populations, this research was conducted in 2018 in the research farm of Shahid Beheshti Dezful Company in the form of a randomized complete block experimental design with 3 replications. In the spring of 2019, 5 plants from each plot were collected in full flowering stage and 19 quantitative traits were evaluated. Characteristics of stem diameter, shoot diameter, leaf length and width by diameter gauge or caliper, plant height characteristics, internode length, stem leaf width and length using a ruler and weight measurements using a digital scale with an accuracy of one The hundredth gram was done. Also, the amount of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and the ratio of chlorophyll a to b were measured using the fresh leaves of the plant using the Arnone method. After drying the samples in the shade, the ratio of dry to wet weight of 100 cheetahs was obtained. In order to calculate the percentage of essential oil, 50 grams of dried flower of each sample was randomly selected and after grinding, it was poured into a one-liter flask and 300 milliliters of water was added to it. Then, for 4 hours continuously, essential oil extraction was done using the method of distillation with water by Cloninger machine, according to the pharmacopoeia. Then the obtained essential oil was carefully weighed and the percentage of essential oil was calculated based on the dry flower weight of each sample. The measurement of essential oil compounds was done using gas chromatography with mass spectrometer (GC_Mass) and gas chromatography (GC) in the laboratory of Jihad University Medicinal Plants Research Institute. Comparison of Tukey means of traits, determination of simple Pearson correlation coefficients, decomposition into principal components using Varimax rotation method, cluster analysis using Euclidean distance coefficient using Ward method and multivariate or multiple regression test using stepwise method. The step was performed by Minitab software version 18. The results indicated the presence of significant diversity among the populations in terms of morphological and phytochemical traits. Factor analysis of phytochemical traits showed that myristicin, thymol, and carvacrol had the highest factor loadings in the first, second, and third components, respectively, and cluster analysis, based on this, divided the studied populations into 5 independent groups. Divided. The appearance characteristics of the plant have the greatest effect on the biosynthesis of the chemical compounds of the plant. Correlation results and regression equations showed that the characteristics of the number of stipules per plant, dry and wet weight of 100 stipules played the greatest effect on the yield of essential oil and its dominant compounds in a correlation model. Considering the indiscriminate harvesting of this plant in recent years from natural habitats and its lack of cultivation in agricultural conditions, it seems that the use of correlation coefficients and multivariate statistical analyzes of morphological traits are effective in essential oil production. , can be a strategic measure in identifying effective external markers in the process of breeding and selecting superior populations. Manuscript profile
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