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Open Access Article
1 - Critical Discourse Analysis "Man of Steel"(film) Relying on the metaphysical debates on Transmodernism paradigm
Mahdi Yaghobi aliakbar Farhangi Seyyed Jamaluddin Tabibi TabibiIn the twenty-first century, cinema, as the seventh art, continues to play an important role in transmitting the message. The combination of scientific and art paradigms has contributed to their participation in the process of content creation and the transfer of concep MoreIn the twenty-first century, cinema, as the seventh art, continues to play an important role in transmitting the message. The combination of scientific and art paradigms has contributed to their participation in the process of content creation and the transfer of concepts that have a multi-faceted relationship with both fields. In the meantime, cinematic linkage with dominant paradigms at any time as a source of productive content with special capabilities in the production and presentation of concepts has become popular and has attracted many audiences. In this research, the author seeks to represent the metaphysical signs of the new Trans-modernism paradigm in Zack Snyder's "Man of the Paladin". In this regard, the search for metaphysical elements and the discovery of hidden semantic and ideological layers in the film, based on the theory of critical discourse analysis of Freclough, has been carried out with the approach of PADM. The methodology used to collect the metaphysical concepts of the modern trans-modern paradigm is descriptive-analytic. By analyzing the discourse of the film, the author concluded that the metaphysical discourse featured in Steel Man film represents the discourse of the new modern Trance paradigm. Of course, discursive practices such as mythology, savior, future represent a part of the ruling discourse that can not be regarded as ruling discourse. The findings of the research reveal the most important factors affecting the emergence of a new field in the third millennium for human beings with the Trans-modernism Paradigm approach and its impact on Hollywood cinema Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Elements of postmodern cinema in the movie “Have You Another Apple?”
Seyede Sorayya Mousavi Seyed Mohammad Mehdizade TaleshiThe current study aims to recognize the elements of postmodern cinema in the movie “Have You Another Apple?” directed by Bayram Fazli in 2006. To this end Quantitative content analysis method was used in order to achieve the goals. The unit of analysis is &l MoreThe current study aims to recognize the elements of postmodern cinema in the movie “Have You Another Apple?” directed by Bayram Fazli in 2006. To this end Quantitative content analysis method was used in order to achieve the goals. The unit of analysis is “scene”. Statistical population of this research is 90 scenes of movie “Have You Another Apple?”. Data were collected through the census method and were analyzed using SPSS. The findings have been analyzed based on “intertextuality” and “decline of metanarrative”. The result shows this film is a postmodern movie without a classic hero. It involves the audiences in storytelling. The film is dominated by a pseudo-surreal sphere. The postmodern films include lots of signifiers that their signified is made in audiences' minds. “Have You Another Apple?” is full of signs and symbols. Many of scenes look like painting, so it could be concluded that the figure is dominant. The main character in “Have You Another Apple?” is not like the heroes in classic films; he is immature and fool. In the most scenes of this movie, human is portrayed as a “captive”. Based on the results characters rarely try to escape from oppression, and in the most scenes they surrender. At the end of the movie, nobody overcome the oppression. The movie denies the active and aware subject and the possibility of human liberation and emancipation. This film ends while the main character running that reminds “Sisyphus Cycle and the Futility”. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - تاثیر رسانه ای جنبش دانشجویی دهه 60 بر شکل گیری اجلاس انسان و محیط زیست استهکلم 1972
سید عباس پورهاشمی عارف واحد ناوان نازنین بازغی -
Open Access Article
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N. Majidighahroodi M. Ahmadi Gh. Ahmadi N. Sharifi -
Open Access Article
5 - Iran contemporary architecture and the problem of identity (a realistic representation of the post-modernism critical reading in architecture)
Amir Davood Maslahatjoo Maryam Ghasemi Sichani Vahid Ghobadian Biajn AbdolkarimiPost-modernism is the dominant aspect of the cultural belief of the time that re-frames all actions and constructs distinct ideas of experiences and conditions at the deepest levels and everything that can be known about the contemporary world; As long as the centralize MorePost-modernism is the dominant aspect of the cultural belief of the time that re-frames all actions and constructs distinct ideas of experiences and conditions at the deepest levels and everything that can be known about the contemporary world; As long as the centralized power gives way to a discrete plurality, and bring to the fore a manifestation of contemporary identity in the current era. This research - which has been done using the qualitative method and the grounded theory approach - with the general purpose to analyze and interpret the identity of Iran contemporary architecture based on post-modernity and critical thought, looking for an answer to this question, How can identity, as a critical approach, have an effect on the recognition of post-modern architecture - especially in the Iran contemporary era? In this research, the systematic approach known as Strauss and Corbin's theory (2019) was used to analyse the data. According to the classification of Corbin and Strauss (2022), the systematic approach has three stages of open coding (concepts), axial coding (Casual Conditions, Actions & Interactions, Context, Intervening Conditions and Consequences) and selective coding. In the collection and extraction of the main categories and sub-categories, from the documentary and citation resources and the interview tools have been used. The special emphasis of the research is on the views and opinions of those professors and architects who work both academically and professionally. Hence, the research data has been compiled and analysed in semi-structured interviews. The responses at the highest saturation level reached relative saturation in the 17th interview. The interview process is continued until the 25th to ensure the data and obtain absolute saturation. The content of data was coded by Strauss and Corbin coding method in three stages (open, central and selective). In the coding process of 17 interviews, the frequency of the 5969 coded items, was reduced to 317 open codes from the frequency ratio of 1337 codes after refining and merging. The obtained codes, in the number of 53 axial categories and 8 selective categories, were related to the axial theme of Iran Contemporary Architecture Identity. The Observations Percentage Agreement of 90.37% indicates relatively complete reliability and coverage of criterion level of more than 0.6 of Kappa coefficient, describing validity as ideal. Therefore, the research quality index is acceptable, and the reliability and validity of the research are confirmed. The research results can be valuable and interpreted by examining the criteria of matching, generalization, understanding, and control. The findings show that the result of summarizing the causal variables of the research in the mediating conditions of the existing situation, provides an event that in a fundamental attitude, between the (narcissism to self-defeat) truth and (self-belief) Iranian essence, and in a historical discourse, between a re-reading of what exists and a re-presentation of what should exists, in a Preventive (and not Mandatory) form and in a reading of a critical realism and feedback interpretation of self-reflection evaluation from the feedback of others, they recreate the way of being. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Emergence of Modernism in Turkish Architecture and it's Encounter with National Architectural Movements
Hamid majedi jamaleddin soheiliOttoman revivalism in Turkish Contemporary architecture known as the first national architectural movement in 1920s, was abolished with emergence of modernism in 1930 s and drew the attentions again in 1940 s.The 1930s was a decade of attempts, improvement and change. T MoreOttoman revivalism in Turkish Contemporary architecture known as the first national architectural movement in 1920s, was abolished with emergence of modernism in 1930 s and drew the attentions again in 1940 s.The 1930s was a decade of attempts, improvement and change. The construction activities were programmed to display this.While it is difficult to state that this display had a distinct from, this form would characterize the 1930s as aversion of modern functionalism. May be the attitude of the administrators was never in the course of imposing a certain style.Only the Ottoman revivalist style displaying the old culture was abandoned because it was considered to be an anachronism. What was sought was an expression to represent the desired level of civilization and which came first with the Republic as in the foundation of Ankara. The tendency to modern architecture was conceived as a necessity of being contemporary and as one of completing elements of passing from the culture of Islamic/Eastern origin to that of the Western culture. During the years of revolution when the ties with the old older of society were cut one by one, the Republication staff must have evaluated the new architecture as a symbol to reflect the political radicalism. In summary, an expectation of being contemporary in architecture was born as it was in all of the order fields. This was a tendency that was not detailed and did not use the specific concepts and terms of architecture, but whit the specific direction. From this perspective, it can be said that the role of the administration in determining in the arrival of modern architecture to Turkey was significant. Emergence of modernism and it's encounter with nationalism in Turkish architecture has been a result of intellectual flows in political and social arenas in a way that the influence of modernism in Turkey began with introducing a plan know as Tanzimat with the aim of renewing and updating governmental aspects . With changing Ottoman governmental entities and replacement of republic system under the leadership of Attaturk , there was a focus on historical authority of Ottoman Impire besides starting fundamental reforms in political and social affairs of Turkey . It seems that this encounter in fact intended to satisfy public regarding the presence of modernism and keeping the public past values a live. This article seeks to study the bases of national identity crisis and encounter with western modernism in Turkish social and political situations in order to investigate the grounds of penetration of western modernistic thoughts in to Ottoman Impire. Then efforts by Turkish government in order to create an interaction between nationalists and modernism advocates are introduced. In order to study the manner of interaction between modernism and nationalistic trends in Turkish architecture, a brief review on Turkish architectural nationalism was conducted from the historical view point.Finally the intellectual trends of Turkish contemporary architecture from 1920-1950 are examined and the quality of interaction between the emergence of modernism and the appearance of national architectural movements are concluded. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - A New Approach to Manifestations of Globalization in Megalopolises in South countries
Mehrdad Navabakhsh rasoul maleki nezamabad Mohammad taqi Masoumi For thousands of years cities have been centers for a variety of thoughts, cultures, human beings' social interactions, and places for development of urbanism. Although when human beings came into existence, most of them started living and working in villages, se More For thousands of years cities have been centers for a variety of thoughts, cultures, human beings' social interactions, and places for development of urbanism. Although when human beings came into existence, most of them started living and working in villages, settlements, towns and communities, but in year 2000 and especially in the later decades of the 20th century, two important events were urbanism and global cities appearance. Meanwhile metropolises in south countries with a first world city inside them have an objective and wide entity and are affected by global agents These days, each city in the First World and industrialized countries has a Third World town inside. These Third World-oriented towns face problems such as unemployment, environment, malnutrition, starvation, diseases, children death and child labor. On the contrary, each Third World city has a First-World Town inside which enjoys high-tech communications and facilities. This reveals contradictions, challenges and great gaps which cities are involved. In this research we try to study political, economical, social and cultural effects of globalization on metropolises cities in south countries in different dimensions and through comparative study and use of developed countries' experience to make suitable solutions in developing countries' urban planning and ordering. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Postmodernism in the International Relations
Alireza Azghandi Mohsen MahmoudiPostmodernists in the arena of International Relations maintain that it is possible to ventureinto the field and view its subjects and principles in different ways. From their point of view,the basic concepts of classical IR theories have collapsed and loosen their cert MorePostmodernists in the arena of International Relations maintain that it is possible to ventureinto the field and view its subjects and principles in different ways. From their point of view,the basic concepts of classical IR theories have collapsed and loosen their certainty and universality.In this new approach, what has previously been in the foreground can be marginalizedand the issues which have been downgraded marginal can be brought to the mainstreamof international studies. The main target of postmodernists like Der Derian, Ashley, Diutakand others is to problematize and eliminate those assumptions of IR theory. Which claim todemonstrate the reality at international level and recognize it through positivist methods. Thisarticle is divided into four sections: the first deals with the relationship between power andknowledge in the context of IR; the second discusses a summary of textual strategies appliedin postmodern approaches to international relations; the third section shows how postmodernismin related to the state, and the forth section briefly explains the ethical orientation ofpostmodernism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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L. Isavand M. Tohidfam -
Open Access Article
10 - Investigating the effect of internalized cultural capital on the tendency towards modernism in the youth of Khorramabad
farhad Tahmasebi naderi مجید kk علی دلاورAbstract:The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of internalized (embodied) cultural capital with four components of "activism, rationalism, universalism and convergence" on the tendency towards modernism among young people. Young people turn to mode MoreAbstract:The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of internalized (embodied) cultural capital with four components of "activism, rationalism, universalism and convergence" on the tendency towards modernism among young people. Young people turn to modernism in the four variables of religion, family, leisure, and sources of mass communication. The research method is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive, descriptive, explanatory and survey data collection. The statistical population includes all young people of 54 thousand people who were selected as a sample using Morgan and Krejcie table and 773 people were selected from the statistical population using purposive non-probabilistic sampling method. The research tool included a researcher-made questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Matlab software and the research hypotheses were analyzed using a fuzzy method. The results showed that, firstly, "with each of the four components, the internalized cultural capital increases. Cultural, internalized, trend-oriented, modernism is effective among the youth of Shah Khorramabad in the four variables of religion, family, leisure and mass communication resources, and the higher the rate, the greater the tendency. Keywords: Internalized Cultural Capital, Generalism, Activism, Rationalism and Modernism Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Modernism in Forough & Shamlou’s Poems
Mohammadreza Tajik Farzaneh AhadzadehNaminiPreface and the goal of research: Modernism has become the dominant methodology of art for few decades. It is characterized as the aesthetic and cultural reaction against modernity and modernization. Its prominent trait, either in poetry and roman, or cinema and paintin MorePreface and the goal of research: Modernism has become the dominant methodology of art for few decades. It is characterized as the aesthetic and cultural reaction against modernity and modernization. Its prominent trait, either in poetry and roman, or cinema and painting, is the rational Philosophy and thinking. This research tries its goal on two sections: First, the theoretical fund of the thesis, that responds to the questions like what the modernism is, what is the literary modernism, and which characteristics would be searched in a modern work? In the second section the goal is to confirm that the poems of Forough and Shamlou are modernistic according to modernism theories. On the other hand these two poetries are compared from the view point of modernistic criteria. Method of research: The research is done by method of content analysis, respecting Rene Wallek’s theories on the book “Literary theory”, Peter Childs’book “Modernism”, and Marshal Berman’s book Experience of Modernity. The research examines Some Poems of Forough and Shamlou from the view of modernistic content and form by categorical and contextual analysis , and through these works studies the poet’s reaction and concerns as a social discourse of modernism. Findings and Results: The findings approve that modern criteria are prominent at the two poet’s works like deep thoughts individualism, deep introversion, social fall, symbol, metaphor etc…and according to these characteristics, we can name them as modern poetries. Comparing these two poems from the view of modernism, regarding some modern principles the result would be that, as of characteristics such as individualism, introspection, self-reflection, and skepticism, Forough’s poetry is closer to modernism. Both poets are strongly social commited , and finally none is philosophical thinking, However most of their poems are based on deep thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Human Identity Particularly Woman in Post-Post Modernism
دکتر مرضیه رضایی کلانتریIn the article, the research has first studied the process of changes of Pre-Modernism (1000-1450), Modernism (1450-1960), Post Modernism (1960-1989) andPost-Post Modernism (early 1990s until now) periods and has then dealt with theposition of human identity, especially MoreIn the article, the research has first studied the process of changes of Pre-Modernism (1000-1450), Modernism (1450-1960), Post Modernism (1960-1989) andPost-Post Modernism (early 1990s until now) periods and has then dealt with theposition of human identity, especially woman, by special consideration of aspect ofeconomy, management, culture, music and information society and has determinedand analyzed the characteristics of each of them. Finally, all changes together withmain concepts have been provided in a table. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Human Existence: Comparison Mulla Sadra’s Philosophical Account with Postmodernist one
دکتر عباس گوهری سید مهدی بیابانکیIt is, here, presented the two conceptions of human being which are incontrast with each other: postmodern conception of contemporaryhuman being is the first one and the other is the Mulla Sadra’sconception which is based on Islamic text. In postmodern conception, MoreIt is, here, presented the two conceptions of human being which are incontrast with each other: postmodern conception of contemporaryhuman being is the first one and the other is the Mulla Sadra’sconception which is based on Islamic text. In postmodern conception,human being is a spiritless body who is narcissistic charm andendeavors to accomplish his pleasures maximally. In the secondconception, man is a passenger who has an end and begins to journeyfrom mondial world enthusiastically and moves every moment towardhis end. The first conception is the actual model of modern humanbeing and the second is the model of human being as human beings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Biblical Interpretation and the Social Life of Christian Fundamentalism: A Case Study of the Evangelicalism
Maryam Nazari Leila Hooshangi Hojjatollah JavaniStudies on appearance of Fundamentalism among different religious tradition has been emphasized in recent decades. In the Christian world and Evangelical Church, fundamentalism emerged in the 1970s and advocates for a literal interpretation of the Bible in religiou MoreStudies on appearance of Fundamentalism among different religious tradition has been emphasized in recent decades. In the Christian world and Evangelical Church, fundamentalism emerged in the 1970s and advocates for a literal interpretation of the Bible in religious and social life, often conflicting with modern aspects of society. The article explores the historical background and theoretical principles of fundamentalism, and compares its methods of interpreting the Bible to previous methods. It also examines the practical consequences of a fundamentalist approach, particularly in social life, education, and mass media. The article suggests that the emphasis on the inerrancy of the Bible has led to the attribution of social views and beliefs to the sacred text, resulting in condemnation of any opposing views. This has resulted in a sacred quarrel with others, and often led to violence. Manuscript profile -
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داود عبدالهی -
Open Access Article
16 - Creation and Reviewing Hyper Stories in Martin Leuis Amis’s Works: A Lyotardic Approach
Ali Jamali Nesari Shahram Validi Hiva VeysiJean-François Lyotard discusses postmodernism and its conditions and characteristics, and lists features for postmodern culture, works and ideas. One of the features that distinguishes postmodernism from other literary and cultural periods and schools is the fail MoreJean-François Lyotard discusses postmodernism and its conditions and characteristics, and lists features for postmodern culture, works and ideas. One of the features that distinguishes postmodernism from other literary and cultural periods and schools is the failure and collapse of macro – narrations. Thus, it can be claimed that literary works, downplay macro – narrations, weaken their foundations, move towards postmodernism and place themselves to a greater or lesser degree among postmodern works. The present study aims to survey the three selected works of Martin Amis from cstructure and reviewing hyper stories and show how literature and philosophy, side by side, depict the disintegration of rigid discourses and, in the exhaustion of despair, they consider the possibility of the emergence of a new discourse or narrative. The method of the study is interdisciplinary that have been done as a librarian technique. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The narration of symbolism and the flow of mind in the symphony of the deads and towards the lighthouse
Kian PishkarThe field of comparative literature is one of the largest and most extensive fields of study in world literature, which can open many openings for literary enthusiasts to know nations, literature, cultures, traditions and thoughts. Among the great Iranian and British wr MoreThe field of comparative literature is one of the largest and most extensive fields of study in world literature, which can open many openings for literary enthusiasts to know nations, literature, cultures, traditions and thoughts. Among the great Iranian and British writers, many people have heard the names of Abbas Maroufi and Ms. Virginia Woolf and are not familiar with their valuable works that have undoubtedly influenced the literature of their country and the world. The novels "Symphony of the Deads" by Abbas Maroofi (1957) and "Towards the Lighthouse" by Virginia Woolf (1942-1882) are valuable and great works of Persian and English literature that have their own unique features and characteristics that comparative study of their narration based on modern narrative, the proposed format and structure of the fluid flow of the mind, while facilitating their literary understanding, can provide a new way in the practical study of modern and postmodern comparative literature. Manuscript profile -
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18 - A Comparative Study of Common Political, Social, and Individual Thoughts As components of modernism in the poems of Ahmad Shamloo and Nazkolamelake
,ronak ,joharzadeh shahrokh hekmat ,majid azizi,The formation of each school follows a political or social and cultural movement, and the art and literature of each period is the product of its own living world. Modernism emerged as a literary school in American and European countries from the early years of the twen MoreThe formation of each school follows a political or social and cultural movement, and the art and literature of each period is the product of its own living world. Modernism emerged as a literary school in American and European countries from the early years of the twentieth century, at the same time as the influence and spread of symbolic poetry, and gradually spread to other countries. In this research, with a look at comparative literature, in a descriptive-analytical method, "common political, social and individual ideas" as components of modernism in the poems of Ahmad Shamloo and Nazkolamaleke are examined. The results show that freedom, dealing with political, social issues and individual love are evident as components of modernism in these two poets. Political thought is known as the main theme of Shamloo poetry, but he is an influential poet, not an effective one! From a social point of view, human freedom and liberation from tyranny is widely reflected in Shamloo's poems. Nazak al-Malaika also rejects the subject of war in his poems and opens his mouth in glory and complains about the state of society in a social form, and addresses not only the Iraqi people but the people of all Islamic lands to get rid of the sufferings and pains of life Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Ebtehaj transition to modernity in poetry and comparison with Western modernity
Yadu'llah Taleshi Hassan Khanjani Seddigheh Jafarzadeh MoghaddamIn discussions of literary tradition and modernism in the arts and literature is one of the main issues. Especially in the transitional period of their communities, the hardest, yet most technical problem; Especially the link between tradition and modernity .With the ad MoreIn discussions of literary tradition and modernism in the arts and literature is one of the main issues. Especially in the transitional period of their communities, the hardest, yet most technical problem; Especially the link between tradition and modernity .With the advent of modern poetry in Persian literature clearly prominent figures in the field of modernization became one of the most prominent faces Ebtehaj(H.alf.sayh) was. Poet who can be said to create a strong alliance between tradition and modernism has the link can see it clearly in his poems. This study investigated the effects of traditionalism and modernism Ebtehaj poetry in his poems, and how to link these addresses two distinct categories; And indicate that H. Ebtehaj not opposed to tradition and not against modernity, but the link between them, no effort is spared. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - A postmodern reading of the meaning of history in the two plays “Arcadia” by Tom Stoppard and “Death of YazdGerd” by Bhram Beizaei
Behzad Gaderi Sahmi Seyyedeh Anahit KazzaziIn recent decades there have been many critiques on the meaning of history and matters that historians have paid attention to in postmodern scientific and philosophical gatherings. The most important consequence of these critiques is challenging the task MoreIn recent decades there have been many critiques on the meaning of history and matters that historians have paid attention to in postmodern scientific and philosophical gatherings. The most important consequence of these critiques is challenging the task of history in providing an objective and scientific image of the past events. This relative perspective on the accuracy and authenticity of history vacillates in the achievement of the historical truth through questioning its nature and essence and asserts that historians have constantly replicated the past events through their power of imagination and dependency on personal beliefs. In harmony with deterioration of the meaning of history in philosophy, literary writers also decided to narrate the history in their works as the wanted. The offspring of this approach is a type of literature which could be termed “Replacement of History” in Persian. This research presents a comprehensive. postmodernist overview of history and then compares two replacements of history “Arcadia” by Tom Stoppard and “Death of YazdGerd” by Bhram Beizaei from this viewpoint. Manuscript profile -
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21 - بررسی کارآیی تبلیغات در راستای گردشگری مبتنی بر جغرافیایی شهری
علی دلاویز حسین کیخائی -
Open Access Article
22 - ISIS: An Actor with Pre-Modern Thought and Ultra- Modern Instruments
masoud motallebi لیلی حیدریIslamic group Isis is one of the most important salafi That has been able to dominate parts of Iraq and Syria in short time and be in focus of regional and international change. ISIS can be seen as an extreme actors in search of redemption, rescues and returns to the in MoreIslamic group Isis is one of the most important salafi That has been able to dominate parts of Iraq and Syria in short time and be in focus of regional and international change. ISIS can be seen as an extreme actors in search of redemption, rescues and returns to the initial ideals of Islam.This group consider itself as a identity phenomenon with task of reviving the Islamic caliphate and Emarat and the restoration of Sunni glory. Isis is also an example of new terrorist groups, transnational and global nature, that emphases on terror and violence,it has transcend modern, state-centered, materialistic interests and seeking confined to the boundaries passed and focuses on identity claim is global. The main problem of the present article is manifested in question ” how actors is Isis intellectually and how uses cyberspace in order to advance it is goals?” . The proposed hypotheses is "Isis, although is intellectually pre –modern but is a typical of post-modern terrorism in virtual space that uses it is facilities in order to introduce itself and to make terrorist network to creat"Islamic caliphate" Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - From Postmodernism to Neo-realism in Julian Barnes’ Flaubert Parrot and The Only Story
Masoumeh Bakhtiari Leila Baradaran Jamili Bahman ZaarinjooeeAs a dominant tradition in writing, postmodernism was widely embraced during mid and late twentieth century. Many contemporary authors, and in particular some British authors, deemed postmodernism as alien to their own traditional modes of writing. Julian Barnes, the co MoreAs a dominant tradition in writing, postmodernism was widely embraced during mid and late twentieth century. Many contemporary authors, and in particular some British authors, deemed postmodernism as alien to their own traditional modes of writing. Julian Barnes, the contemporary British author who once hailed postmodernism in his writings critically challenged and opposed it. The present research is an attempt to critically and analytically investigate this shift from his postmodern work Flaubert Parrot, to his more recent neo-realistic work The Only Story through the lens of Jacques Ranciere. The main hypothesis is that the late Barnes has truly grasped the dynamic of author-subject as indicated in his return to neo-realism from Postmodern grand narrative. To accomplish this goal the researchers have employed some of Ranciere’s concepts including ‘politics of aesthetics,’ ‘regimes of art,’ ‘distribution and redistribution of sensible’ to scrutinize the causes of this shift and his return to more essentialist and humanistic modes of thought and writing Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Study of Elements of Modernism in Asghar Elahi’s Novel Salmargi
Rana Jamshidbeigi Abdolali OveisikahkhaModernism was a literary and artistic reaction to modernity and the resulting changes. It was greatly influenced by new sciences such as psychology that emerged in the late nineteenth century and had a profound effect on the novel, which is one of the most important lit MoreModernism was a literary and artistic reaction to modernity and the resulting changes. It was greatly influenced by new sciences such as psychology that emerged in the late nineteenth century and had a profound effect on the novel, which is one of the most important literary genres, which led to the creation of the modern novel. The modern novel operates differently from the classic novel; In this way, it deals with human beings and their psycho more than anything else, and its authors use new techniques in their works to express their goals, which did not exist in the classic novel. Some Iranian writers have modeled on modern world literature and written valuable works based on the components of this trend. In this research, the author uses the library resources in a descriptive-analytical way to study the components of modernism in Asghar Elahi's novel Salmargi to help introduce modernism and its features more fully and to be one of the most valuable Iranian novels that can serve as a model for authors. The authors aim at introducing the novel as a model for those interested in Iranian novels and scholars of this current and modern Iranian literature. The findings of this study show that Elahi has masterfully used some of the most important components of modernism such as psychological knowledge, dealing with the mind and psyche of characters, fluid stream of consciousness, recreating myths, anti-heroes, multiple narrators, ambiguity, identity, escalation and anti-idealism in his novel. He has created an admirable modernist work. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Formative Tricks in the Story of “Bivatan” written by Reza Amirkhani
Manige Farajian Mohtaram Ali Dehghan Ayyoub KoushanFocusing on form and high lighting it has changed in to an advantage for postmodernist authors. The meaning of Form in this trend refers to the format of stating or meaning making method. In this style all the preperations that are at the service MoreFocusing on form and high lighting it has changed in to an advantage for postmodernist authors. The meaning of Form in this trend refers to the format of stating or meaning making method. In this style all the preperations that are at the service of developing a new and original form of representing meaning are considered as the inner aspect of the form and the way words are written on the paper، playing with words، repetition and so on are considered as the outer aspect of the form. Focusing on the outer form sometimes causes the writer to tend to words the formation with an inexcusable excess and to fail to express meaning. Therefore in contemporary criticism، the study and analysis of technics of innovations that theauthor uses for postmodernism meaning making uses for postmodernism meaning making have been at the center of attention.The purpose of this article is to examine the innovative semantic tricks in Amirkhani's "Bivatan". Based on this, recognizing the type of forms and novel forms used in “bivatan” and their effects on the meaning and deepening of content have been the main questions of this research. Examining the elements of the forms and analyzing their roles in highlighting the themes of the story shows that Amirkhani's method was not merely apparent modernization, and he gave a special and thought-provoking depth to the content of the text by dynamically defamiliarizing and highlighting the form. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Checking the "title" in the poems of Ali Baba chahi from Realism to Postmodernism
Ali Mohammadi tahereh ghasemiIranian Contemporary poetry has undergone various developments and has undergone various currents. One of these poetic currents created in the 70th decades is the postmodern poetry that has been developing along with other new trends since the beginning 70th decades to MoreIranian Contemporary poetry has undergone various developments and has undergone various currents. One of these poetic currents created in the 70th decades is the postmodern poetry that has been developing along with other new trends since the beginning 70th decades to the present day, Ali Baba chahi, a contemporary poet and critic, entered the postmodern poetry by nam nam baran, and aghl azabam midahad. At first he started the work of a poet under influenced by Nima and his followers, whose realism and objectivism formed the basis of their work. But gradually, the course of his poetry evolved, and along of this transformation, the titles of his poems also undergone a transformation. In this article, we are looking at the titles of Ali Baba Chahi's poetry from the modernism to postmodernism. If the course of the title of his poetry was examined from the beginning, when he was following Nima until his second poetry era, the postmodern period, we would notice the major changes to these titles. The writers' effort in this study is to answer these questions, what is the quality of relationship between the title of Ali Baba Chahi's lyrics and the lyrics of his poems and is it possible to track and follow his thought and mentality from modernism to postmodernism by the titles of his poetry? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Language as the Representation of Postmodernism in the book “Asfar-eh Kateban” (The books of scribes)
Azardokht Khatibi Rahim Taher Reza FahimiThe Book of Scribes (Asfare Kateban) is a different novel whose summary requires substantial care and attention. The different features of this novel are in harmony with the constituent elements of postmodern stories since it consists of several narrations that are some MoreThe Book of Scribes (Asfare Kateban) is a different novel whose summary requires substantial care and attention. The different features of this novel are in harmony with the constituent elements of postmodern stories since it consists of several narrations that are somehow related to each other. But its beginning and ending are unclear. Its beginning is related to one narration and its end is taken from another narration. There are many contradictions and inconsistencies in its components. Therefore, its audience must be a storyteller, and have a postmodern worldview in order to be able to search for its scattered components. But all this feature can only be transmitted to the audience through language. A language that has its own difficulties. It is not transparent and does not value the boundaries of both time and two-time. The language he wants is both an expression and a means of expression on dream and dream data, nightmares, myths, symbols, illusions and imagination. However, the information in this article is provided in a library style and then described using an analytical method. In general, it seems that the author, with many inter-textual references, tries to turn the reader's attention to mythological, historical, personal, social and psychological issues and to show that man is not alone and from the history of our land, the only voice of tyranny and oppression can be heard. It is always written in the absence of oppressed people. Manuscript profile -
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28 - modernism in the poetry of ahmadreza ahmadi
ahmad tahan khalil nekkhah -
Open Access Article
29 - A Study on postmodern strategies of "Pir e Changi" of Mathnavi
Leila Rezaei Abbas JahedjahMathnavi – Ma'navi is the most innovative and wonderful work in classic Persian literature because of its new narrative strategies. These special strategies that jalal al-Din Rumi used in the narration of the tales that found In other Persian literature books befo MoreMathnavi – Ma'navi is the most innovative and wonderful work in classic Persian literature because of its new narrative strategies. These special strategies that jalal al-Din Rumi used in the narration of the tales that found In other Persian literature books before Mathnavi, have some resemblances with modern or postmodern narratives. One of these innovative narratives in Mathnavi is the fiction of "Pir e Changi" (the oldman who plays harp). Rumi has presented this fiction with many changes and so this narrative is not in the original form as mentioned in "Asrar al Tawhid (the mystery of Unification) by Mohammad ibn Monavvar. In this article this tale from mathnavi has been studied in the field of postmodern criticism by the theory of Brian Mchale. The result shows that we can find the evidences of postmodern fictions as: death of the author, autonomy of characters, the end of metafictions, open ending and the combination of parallel worlds. Manuscript profile -
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30 - Modernism influences In Manuchehr Atashi's Poems
ahmad Tahan khalil Nik KhahModernism is a term applied in various fields including Philosophy, sociology, art … . After World War I, however, Modernism refers to an aesthetic discourse which points to a radical break from cultural and artistic traditions. Although Modern poetry commences w MoreModernism is a term applied in various fields including Philosophy, sociology, art … . After World War I, however, Modernism refers to an aesthetic discourse which points to a radical break from cultural and artistic traditions. Although Modern poetry commences with Nima Yushij in Iran, Modernism reveals its influences in literature with the beginning of social changes and modernity from the 1340s. Consequently, Modern poetry emerges with the following characteristics: relativity, individualism, imagism, and an inclination towards prose. In spite of being a follower of Nima, Manuchehr Atashi comes to be known a Modern poet from the beginning of his career. Even though one cannot claim that Atashi has all the features of a Modern poet, one can still observe a majority of these features in his poetry. Manuscript profile -
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31 - Analysis and criticizing of the implication of multi-cultural education with an emphasize on Michel Foucault opinions
Najmeh Ahmadabadi Arani Hamid Ahmadi Hedayat Mohsen farmahini farahaniThe purpose of the present research is to analyze and critique the implications of multicultural education with an emphasis on Michel Foucault's views. To achieve this goal, conceptual and critical analysis methods have been used. Foucault, as a postmodernist theorist, MoreThe purpose of the present research is to analyze and critique the implications of multicultural education with an emphasis on Michel Foucault's views. To achieve this goal, conceptual and critical analysis methods have been used. Foucault, as a postmodernist theorist, proposes a kind of education in which the issue of culture and justice is important. While criticizing power relations in educational systems, he has provided significant implications for multicultural education. In his view, the basis for education should be based on democratic and non-authoritarian methods, and the interests of the members and various components of society, including other cultures, should be taken into consideration. Foucault criticizes the textbooks as functions of history, society, and power, and believes that texts have always been used as tools of power. By examining Foucault's educational opinions, it can be admitted that his implications for educational and cultural justice will be. Nevertheless, criticisms can be made, such as the criticality of the revelation of reality, the emphasis on epistemological relativism, the divergence of education policies, the lack of presumptions in the discussion of discourse, and the lack of solutions to educational issues. Manuscript profile -
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32 - Review on Postmodernist reading of knowledge developments with emphasis on Lyotard's view and its requirements for curriculum elements.
hadi ghaderyani irandokht fayyaz mostafa ghaderi akbar rahnamaThe present article aims to answer the question of what the attitude towards knowledge will entail for the elements of the curriculum and examines the evolution of science from the perspective of postmodernism with emphasis on Lyotard's perspective. Method: This study i MoreThe present article aims to answer the question of what the attitude towards knowledge will entail for the elements of the curriculum and examines the evolution of science from the perspective of postmodernism with emphasis on Lyotard's perspective. Method: This study is a critical discourse, a qualitative approach that was done with a systematic review method. The statistical population was all writings and articles related to postmodernism and curriculum that were selected with a purposeful Gabri sample and with Persian and English keywords from 2004 to 2018. Findings: It has been shown that according to Lyotard, he had scientific knowledge, claim to freedom, liberation and progress; In practice, however, with technological development, it distanced itself from the above ideals and neglected its literary and aesthetic aspects by reducing its various aspects to a small extent. The requirements of this view of knowledge for curriculum elements, resulting in results such as: attention to critical education and doubt in accepting educational content as non-historical, neutral, separate from value and power, attention to plurality and lack of focus in education and looking at the program A lesson is a contract between educational actors and countering the commercialization of knowledge. Manuscript profile -
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33 - Study of Rational and Intuitive Spiritual Journey by Sohrevardi
Hossein Hatamvand Hossein Falsafi Ali FathullahiIn this paper the rational and intuitive spiritual journey by Sohrevardi and Habermas' philosophical theories, especially focused on the system of values and ethics, instrumental rationality and communicative rationality are evaluated with his thoughts. The purpose of t MoreIn this paper the rational and intuitive spiritual journey by Sohrevardi and Habermas' philosophical theories, especially focused on the system of values and ethics, instrumental rationality and communicative rationality are evaluated with his thoughts. The purpose of this paper has been to demonstrate that Sohrevardi was not ignorant even in his own intuitive journey, and to achieve the true reality of human felicity and the necessary intuitive knowledge, he deems wisdom and intuition are supplementary to one another. Accordingly, Sohrevardi somehow founded the school of thought called "Integration School" that is a blend of wisdom, quotation, and intuition. There are similarities between Sohrevardi's theories and thoughts with Habermas in terms of system of values and instrumental rationality and communication which this paper has studied and analyzed them here. Habermas and Sohrevardi both believe that one can achieve beyond rationality realities upon the expansion of rational perceptions. Sohrevardi is of a believe that mystical discoveries are also comprehensible through rationality. Habermas on the other hand believes that one can achieve valuable truths through rationality but through communication and mutual understanding. In Sheikh Eshraq's opinion, rationality is supplement of intuition and vice versa; nevertheless, Habermas' notion is that rationality is after proving it. The rationality that Sohrevardi tries to develop is the philosophical rationality to achieve truth and felicity of human beings through the growth and development of intuition Manuscript profile -
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34 - “Examining Aesthetics in the school of Postmodernism in»name name baranam«&» aghl azabam midahad« by Ali Babachahi” د
Ronak Joharzadeh Shahrokh Hekmat Majid AziziThe entry of postmodern poetry to Persian Literature, led to some poets of the seventies making some modifications to the statistics and literary rules. Ali Babachahi has decided on the clarification of some features by presenting a postmodern poem scheme. The features MoreThe entry of postmodern poetry to Persian Literature, led to some poets of the seventies making some modifications to the statistics and literary rules. Ali Babachahi has decided on the clarification of some features by presenting a postmodern poem scheme. The features read as uncertainty, free verse reading, death of the author and paradox all if which being fully traceable in poem collections called “Drizzling” and “ Mind tortures me” .It ‘s been meant to analyze the weaknesses and strengths of this kind of poetry by perusing the stylistics studying them in three aspects of linguistic, content and literariness in this research .The entry of postmodern poetry to Persian Literature, led to some poets of the seventies making some modifications to the statistics and literary rules. Ali Babachahi has decided on the clarification of some features by presenting a postmodern poem scheme. The features read as uncertainty, free verse reading, death of the author and paradox all if which being fully traceable in poem collections called “Drizzling” and “ Mind tortures me” .It ‘s been meant to analyze the weaknesses and strengths of this kind of poetry by perusing the stylistics studying them in three aspects of linguistic, content and literariness in this research . Manuscript profile -
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35 - بررسی رمان «همنوایی شبانه ارکستر چوبها» براساس نظریه یادگیری شناختی _ اجتماعی آلبرت بندورا
فرهاد حامدی -
Open Access Article
36 - The Study Of Postmodernism And Its Consequences On The Intellectual Foundations
Farah NaderiPostmodernism as a great intellectual movement affected the arts, politics, economics, science, culture, identity, therapeutics and… The present article with help of the documentary and analytical methods intended to analyze the epistemological and sociological d MorePostmodernism as a great intellectual movement affected the arts, politics, economics, science, culture, identity, therapeutics and… The present article with help of the documentary and analytical methods intended to analyze the epistemological and sociological dimensions of Postmodernism and introduce its fundamental principles and finally reviewed the various influences of postmodernism on psychology as an interdisciplinary science. Postmodernism is essentially the logic of negation and rejection of the intellectual foundations of any eternal and universal values, emphasize the relative orientation in all affairs. Identity in this regard as the most important aspects of human personality was affected by the change of semantic relativism of postmodernism and other areas of human thought such as women and men in social status, personal identity and social and therapeutic approach. Manuscript profile -
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37 - The methods of postmodernism in the Iranian novel Sepideh-Dam based on Brian McHale's theory
Sahar Alikahi Latifeh Salamat Bavil Alireza SalehiPostmodernist theories are divided into two main groups. The first group includes the theories of people like Brillois, Peter Whalen and David Lodge, who provide a list of postmodernist components (uncertainty, paranoia, temporal disorder, etc.). In the second group, th MorePostmodernist theories are divided into two main groups. The first group includes the theories of people like Brillois, Peter Whalen and David Lodge, who provide a list of postmodernist components (uncertainty, paranoia, temporal disorder, etc.). In the second group, the most significant theory has been proposed by Brian McHale, who uses the concept of "dominant element" in Russian-formalism to explain postmodernism and considers the characteristic of postmodernism to be existentialism (as opposed to epistemology, which is the dominant element of modernism).In order to achieve this goal, first of all, the methods and components of the Iranian novel "Sapidh-Dam" are extracted and the elements of the story, concept, form, or form are examined. Then, based on Brian McHale's prevailing theory, which considers the characteristic of postmodern stories to be ontological discussions, it is determined to what extent these methods and components play a role in highlighting the ontological elements of the work. The result shows that in this novel, the author has made good use of the technique of polyphony, uncertainty, short connection, incoherence of the mind and confusion of the characters... in the best way. He placed his novel next to postmodern works. Manuscript profile -
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38 - A comparative investigation into the features of postmodernism in the stories “Tafriq-e-khak” and “dastan-e-viran” by Abutorab Khosravi
Saeed Hessampour Samin kamaliPost-modernism is one of the modern actions in the Persian literature which it is so considered in the narrative literature in a particular way and different works have been created with a post–modernist approach recently. One of the authors who has been affected MorePost-modernism is one of the modern actions in the Persian literature which it is so considered in the narrative literature in a particular way and different works have been created with a post–modernist approach recently. One of the authors who has been affected much more by this action in his short stories is Abootorab khosravi. In this essay, it has been tried to compare and analyze the state of using some of the most important methods of post–modernism in two stories “tafriq-e- khak” and “dastan-e-viran” from this author’s recent collection. For this reason, a brief has been brought from both two narrations at the beginning, then the used methods in each one have been investigated and; consequently, function of these methods has been evaluated with each other. Findings of the study showed that “tafriq-e-khak” story has embossed ontological content as the prominent element of postmodern texts by putting “existence” as the pivotal topic; whereas “dastan-e-viran” has benefited mostly from nominal methods; specially short circuit and consequently attracted the reader to the meta-fictional basis of the work. Manuscript profile -
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39 - Legal analysis of the evolution of the concepts of power and public order in modern global ideas in the postmodern historical period
Mohammad Mirzaei Mehr Kheirollah Parvin Abdul Karim ShahiderThe issue of power is one of the issues that have been continuously discussed and disputed by political and legal thinkers and philosophers. Based on this, different theories have been proposed regarding its meaning. According to many experts, the new approach to the co MoreThe issue of power is one of the issues that have been continuously discussed and disputed by political and legal thinkers and philosophers. Based on this, different theories have been proposed regarding its meaning. According to many experts, the new approach to the concept of power in the context of new thought begins with the views of Thomas Hobbes. As one of the greatest political philosophers of the modern era, he theorized the concept of power for the first time, in which power is expressed based on the concept of sovereignty and in relation to the government. Other thinkers have also taken steps in this way. Looking at Foucault's thoughts in the postmodern era regarding power, a dominant model and intellectual and cultural framework that forms a set of models and theories for a society (paradigm) was created. From this point of view, in the postmodern era, the power and its relations are not concentrated in the government institution, but are plural in the society network, and public order is based on the principle of difference and specificity of individuals and groups. The aspects of power transformations in the postmodern era include: denial of the political nature of power, productive and positive nature of power, networkedness and fluidity of power relations, and denial of meta-narratives that legitimize power. Power and public order are two related categories in modern legal and political thought; Manuscript profile -
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40 - گذری و نظری بر مناسبات معماری و شهرسازی با ایدئولوژی سرمایه داری و پارادایم های مدرنیسم و پست مدرنیسم
سعید ملکی مهیار سجادیان -
Open Access Article
41 - Rationality and modernism in the thought and works of Mohammad Ali Foroughi
Mohamad Ali nobakht maghsood ranjbar Ali mohseniThe inefficiency and backwardness of the structure of the political system ruling Iran during the Qajar period did not bring any achievements for the Iranian nation except poverty, disease and humiliation. Hence, the elites tried to create a change in the paradigm of th MoreThe inefficiency and backwardness of the structure of the political system ruling Iran during the Qajar period did not bring any achievements for the Iranian nation except poverty, disease and humiliation. Hence, the elites tried to create a change in the paradigm of thought that governs the traditional Iranian system and an important change in the Iranian intellectual space by combining rationality and modernism. The aim of the present study is to measure the relationship between rationality and modernism in the works and ideas of Mohammad Ali Foroughi "Zaka-ol-Molk". Foroughi with deep thinking and avoidance of extremist tendencies and study of new philosophical and political ideas of the West, which was unprecedented among the political elites until his time; He had a deep and measured understanding of the political body of Iran. With a realistic vision and focusing his power on political enlightenment and translation, he wrote classical texts of Western culture, lecturing and writing articles; Introduced modern philosophical, economic and political ideas to Iranians. The main research question is that; To what extent has rationality and modernism influenced the thought and works of Mohammad Ali Foroughi? And the hypothesis of the present article is that Mohammad Ali Foroughi had a better understanding of rationality and modernism than the modernist elites of his time and his effort was to create a coherent and measured writings in intellectual development, intellectual maturity and the creation of modern institutions theoretical and practical role Manuscript profile -
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42 - From Qujar era financial crises to formation of Iranian banking system
sadegh bafandehOne of the intellectual Constitutionalists aspirations in the late Qujar era was establishment of national bank of Iran that was sign of modernisation, maybe this aspiration comes from negative role of British and Russian banking in Iran. The plan of national ban MoreOne of the intellectual Constitutionalists aspirations in the late Qujar era was establishment of national bank of Iran that was sign of modernisation, maybe this aspiration comes from negative role of British and Russian banking in Iran. The plan of national bank establishment was presented in the first Constitutional parliament era. But uncooperative royalty members, ministers and merchants for buying stocks, disappointed delegates. Moreover British and Russian governments disagreement was affected this plan and Mohammad Ali Shah coup d'état stopped it. Suggestion of national bank establishment in Iran has been started about 120 years ago, the Nasereddin shah era. In the beginning, Qujar kings did not know the importance of bank, so they gave up this point to British and Russian citizen. Even the right of note publishing allocated to one British Bank. Present paper reviewing Qujar era financial crises and role of foreign banks in Iran, then process of Iranian banking formation and national bank establishment in 1928 Manuscript profile -
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43 - Comparative comparison of physical-spatial components of tradition and modernism in university buildings of India and Iran
Mohammadreza Sharafiyan hossein soltanzade shervin mirshahzadeh mohammad mohammadzadehUniversities are one of the first examples of the application of tradition and modernism in the buildings of any country, and the audience is educated adults who can play an effective role in society. The traditional architecture of India before the arrival of the Briti MoreUniversities are one of the first examples of the application of tradition and modernism in the buildings of any country, and the audience is educated adults who can play an effective role in society. The traditional architecture of India before the arrival of the British in India was more about creating spectacular and attractive forms carved out of stone. At this time, the main purpose of architectural tools was to glorify and magnify rituals and customs. Then the British entered the scene and they built their first modern buildings, which housed all the necessities of running a large empire. At this time, the culture and art of the colonialist country consciously and unconsciously influenced the way of construction and architecture, especially in the big cities of India. India declared independence in 1947 with non-violent struggles. The purpose of this research is to investigate the components of the modernism tradition in the university buildings of Iran and India. The research method in this research is a combination of nested type (qualitative in quantitative) with comparative weighting to the results of analysis in the quantitative field, in the qualitative part, first, using the technique of systematic review of the theoretical literature of articles in the field of tradition and modernism, indicators of tradition and modernism are extracted. And then they are categorized and semi-structured interview questions are developed based on them in the qualitative section. The experts who are selected based on the snowball system with the entry criteria are interviewed and the results are entered into the ATLASTI software for ease of coding. University buildings are selected with Delphi future research system with Kendall's coefficient, and then based on the obtained components, a questionnaire is compiled and provided to space users. The method of selecting the study samples was such that among about 200 universities in Iran and India according to architectural characteristics (tangible and intangible strategies and metaphors), the number of 22 universities in Iran and India in the first stage according to research data, documents and documents available , the plans were selected and then according to the opinion of designers and theorists in the field of contemporary architecture in Iran, using the Delphi method and taking into account the influential factors in their design as well as the availability of existing documents, their number was reduced to 18 universities in Iran and India and examined. In the quantitative stage, the sample size is selected by Morgan's table with the number of 384 people. The results are entered into JMP software for the analysis of inferential statistics. The results indicate that in the university buildings of Iran, the game components with visual communication elements with a value of (1.000) have the highest coefficients of determination in the association of tradition, and introversion with a value of (0.246) has the lowest correlation. In Indian university buildings, the use of brick as the dominant wall material with the value of (1.000) is the highest and the lowest is related to the spatial hierarchy with the value of (0.254). In the components of modernism in Iranian academic buildings, playing with honest dimensions (1.000), honest expression of structural materials on the facade (1.000) and reminders of modernism have the highest coefficient of determination and the lowest related to the connection between inside and outside with wide transparent surfaces with The value is (0.354) in Indian university buildings, the play of light and shadow, the honest expression of structural materials on the facade and reminiscent of modernism with the value (1.000) is the highest value and the lowest value is related to the use of materials and new technological achievements (0.155) ) Is. In the correlation stage between the components of modernism in the universities of the two countries, it was found that in Indian universities, the honest expression of the structural materials in the facade has the highest value (0.865) and the component of spatial planning has the lowest value (0.188) in the buildings. University of Iran, the component of the game with honest dimensions (0.882) has the highest coefficient of determination and the lowest correlation coefficient is related to the component emphasizing the height of the building with the value (0.258). Manuscript profile -
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44 - Explanation of the components of tradition and modernism in the physical structure of residential buildings of the contemporary period of Iran (a case study of residential buildings of the Pahlavi period)
Alireza Taherian Ahmadreza Keshtkar Ghalati mahmod nikkhah shahmirzaei gholamhosein naseri, with the arrival of different cultures in Iran, the plan and form of the houses underwent changes. The form of the plans in Qajar residences changed from introversion and respecting privacy to extroverted forms, and components such as interiors and vestibules, which h More, with the arrival of different cultures in Iran, the plan and form of the houses underwent changes. The form of the plans in Qajar residences changed from introversion and respecting privacy to extroverted forms, and components such as interiors and vestibules, which had the role of protecting the privacy of the house, became less. Although at the beginning of the Pahlavi period, residential construction was tried to be close to the Qajar period, but with the arrival of educated architects from outside Iran and the injection of foreign culture into this architecture, these changes reached their peak in the second Pahlavi period. Knowing the factors affecting architecture in different periods has always been one of the most important ways to prevent the fading of authentic architecture with Iranian identity. Knowing these factors and how they affect architecture is an issue that must be taken into account in order to prevent abnormal and incorrect changes in urban spaces, of which the house is the smallest part, in contemporary and future architecture; Because the architecture of every nation is always a picture book of that nation's culture, therefore, it is important to examine the process of changes in plans and spaces and the change of the form and shape of the house as a fundamental part of a city.The purpose of architecture is to create an image within the physical form and architecture is a reflection of human life. The architecture of today and tomorrow cannot be unrelated to the architecture of the past. This is the most important issue of our contemporary architecture; That it is separated from its components and canvas and the place of Iranian architecture in it is not clear. Because in the contemporary architecture of Iran, there is always the concern of creating a connection between the architecture of the past and the present, and giving meaning to what has existed in theory and what has been in practice, and what is interesting and disgusting, is that in recent years, the concept of ancient architecture in the history of Iran, using the phrase " "Traditional architecture" is expressed, which does not imply the concept of the antiquity and value of this architecture. In fact, the concept of traditional architecture brings to mind that it is a type of architecture in Iran that covers a certain period and may have passed its use-by date. In other words, unfortunately, before evoking something precious and valuable, it evokes a color and smell full of oldness and backwardness in the mind. Many factors in the contemporary era cause fundamental changes in Iranian architecture. Examining the criteria of tradition and modernism in residential architecture in Iran is important because it will be more clear in the history of contemporary architecture in Iran. This research aims to investigate the characteristics of tradition and modernism in the physical structure of contemporary Iranian residential architecture in the Pahlavi period, and tries to answer the question of how the characteristics of tradition and modernism have been implemented in the physical structure of residential buildings in the contemporary period, and from the combined research method of nest to The nest is used to achieve this goal; First, the indicators of tradition and modernism are extracted from the concepts, and then the code table is compiled, then interviews are arranged, based on these interviews, the variables used in tradition and modernism in the building are proposed, and then a questionnaire is used for verification. The sample size of the qualitative stage is 46 interviews and 384 people in the quantitative part. The results show that in modernism, the components of honest expression of structural materials in the facade with a value of 0.965, the mute element of architectural elements with a value of 0.856, and the use of rectangular volumes with a value of 0.818 have the highest correlation with other components of modernism. Also, to upgrade a unit of tradition in the space with the user of a unit, one of the characteristics of using brick as the dominant material of the walls and the use of physical elements of traditional architecture with a value of 1.000 can increase the association of tradition in a residential building. Manuscript profile -
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45 - Explanation of the Evolution and Influence of Modernism on the Architecture of Residential Apartment Complexes in Iran and Uzbekistan
Nazanin Islami Fariba AlborziAfter World War II, between 1946 and 1978, Iran has experienced major social and urban changes, especially in the construction of residential apartment complexes. During this period, with the rapid growth of the urban middle class, the growth of construction and modern MoreAfter World War II, between 1946 and 1978, Iran has experienced major social and urban changes, especially in the construction of residential apartment complexes. During this period, with the rapid growth of the urban middle class, the growth of construction and modern urban development have begun. In the 1950s, with the horizontal growth of the city, the central areas have been gradually characterized by apartment complexes and the international style has been known as one of the characteristic styles in Iran in the field of residential architecture. Iranian architects have been rapidly applying new construction methods in their work and have made significant progress in using modern technology in the construction of apartments. In the same period, the Soviet modernization campaign in Uzbekistan has led to major developments in the field of residential architecture in the country. Under Soviet influence, Tashkent has been always considered an important center for mass construction, especially housing. The 1966 earthquake in Tashkent caused extensive damage, especially to old buildings. Thus, in the process of rebuilding the city, modern high-rise buildings have replaced the old clay buildings. Therefore, considering the presence of Iran and Uzbekistan in the same historical period and the same geographical area and also the history of Iran and the rich cultural and historical roots shared by the two countries, this study aims to explain the effects of modernist processes in these societies on how residential complexes are architecturally structured in the contemporary period and the Second Pahlavi period in Iran and at the same time in Uzbekistan to answer the following questions: Have modernist movements in Iran and Uzbekistan influenced the development of residential complexes in the two countries? What are the nature and structure of the residential architecture evolution in Iran and Uzbekistan, and what are their similarities and differences? In terms of necessity and innovation in research, although many studies have been done on the historical and traditional architecture of Uzbekistan and its comparison with Iran, so far few studies have been done on the contemporary architecture of Uzbekistan and there is no study specifically examining the evolution of residential architecture (Residential apartment complexes) in Uzbekistan as well as the similarities and differences between residential apartment complexes in Iranian and Uzbek Contemporary architecture. The present research is a comparative study conducted with a qualitative approach using documentary and field studies. Historical–theoretical foundations are gathered by the interpretive historical research method, and the architecture of residential complexes are analyzed with a descriptive–analytical approach. The statistical population consists of all residential complexes constructed in Iran and Uzbekistan during the Second Pahlavi Era and at the same time in Uzbekistan and the sample comprises a number of residential complexes belonging to the same period (construction year) that share stylistic physical and functional similarities. Modernist approaches (in the physical dimension) are manifested by the emergence and formation of rectangular and square forms using new materials such as glass, concrete and steel, and applied geometrical elements dominant in the site plans (in the functional dimension). Flat roofs and facades with a rectangular system (objective dimension) and no decorative elementswere widely used in the apartments. The results indicate the objective, functional, and physical manifestation of the modernistic residential complexes components in both countries, with the greater manifestation of objective components. The residential complexes built during this period in both countries have similarities in terms of objective (the non-use of decorations and the use of ribbon windows in facade design), physical (plan design with straigth lines and 90-degree angles), and Functional (such as the integration of buildings with their physical context, regardless of context, culture and geography, and attention to functionalist engineering considerations instead of aesthetic components) dimensions. Uzbekistan, however, displayed an attempt to restore its historical roots from 1971 to 1983, which are reflected in the nationalistic style of architecture materialized in the Islamic decorations of the building façades dating back to this period. But in the late Soviet era, apartments built in Uzbekistan have tried to reflect Uzbek national culture by using Islamic-era decorations. Also during this period, two-story houses with private open courtyards and windowless exteriors have been built, in addition to residential apartment complexes, marking a return to the traditional and local lifestyle of the Uzbek family. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - The death of the Modern subject in Postmodern age and its impact on understanding the assembly pattern in the sociology of art
Soodeh Eshghi Seyed Mostafa Mokhtabad Amrai mohammadreza sharfizadeThe death of the Modern subject in Postmodern age and its impact on understanding the assembly pattern in the sociology of artAbstractThe post-Nietzschean crisis in the West caused the subject to decline from its concept in the modern period. Also, due to the emergence MoreThe death of the Modern subject in Postmodern age and its impact on understanding the assembly pattern in the sociology of artAbstractThe post-Nietzschean crisis in the West caused the subject to decline from its concept in the modern period. Also, due to the emergence of poststructuralist discourses in postmodernism, relativism and uncertainty replaced concepts that were once measured with objectivity and certainty. But art forms, assembled images that are created by combining and reconstructing different realities, aim of the present study is to investigate the postmodernist crisis in the subject and to explain its relationship with a visual understanding of the assembly pattern in sociology from an artistic perspective. Therefore documented data are analyzed with a qualitative approach and descriptive-analytical method and based on the available variables. To include; Achieve these important findings that concepts such as humor, irony and pluralism of meanings in the creation of postmodernist atmosphere create multifaceted images that depict the decline of the subject from its transcendent position. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - The public identities in Iran
Keramatollah RasekhThe aim of this study, as two earlier essays, is the study of collective identities in Iran. This article refers to the public identity. The study was carried out on the basis of grounded theory. The theoretical approach of the research is based on the ideas of Bernhard MoreThe aim of this study, as two earlier essays, is the study of collective identities in Iran. This article refers to the public identity. The study was carried out on the basis of grounded theory. The theoretical approach of the research is based on the ideas of Bernhard Giessen and Samuel Eisenstaedt about identity. The race, language, ethnicity, religious and denominational affiliation are the main elements of primarylian identities, while the customs, conventions, behaviors and cultural characteristics are influential indices of traditional identities. Religion was one of the most important sources of public identity up to the emergence of modernity. In today’s world modernism became also the source of public identity. The reaction against modernity as a source of public identity was heavy in traditional societies. Moreover, the factors such as gender and class affiliations, educational level, social class and lodging are influential on the reaction of people against modernity. The findings of the study show that, the Iranian society consisting of different identities reacted strongly against the modernity. This resistance developed in the 1960s and 1970s into a mass movement and led to the revolution of 1979. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - An Enquiry into the role of Modernism in the Rise of Islamic Radicalism
احمد ساعی علی محمد حقیقی محمود مقدسThis article aims to find out the roots of Islamic radicalism. With this aim in mind, the proposed hypothesis is that the Islamic fundamentalism and its extremist faction conventionally called “Islamic Radicalism” are revolt against existing situation. Multi MoreThis article aims to find out the roots of Islamic radicalism. With this aim in mind, the proposed hypothesis is that the Islamic fundamentalism and its extremist faction conventionally called “Islamic Radicalism” are revolt against existing situation. Multidimensional crisis in Islamic nations in general and Egypt in particular is the consequence of introduced modernism in these countries. In fact, Islamic fundamentalism has set itself to challenge the west and react strongly against the social crisis produced by modernism. Proponents of Islamic fundamentalism argue that this movement is a new identity for Moslems and a solution in preventing the social deviation and decay in Islamic world. In other words, west and modernism is perceived by Moslem fundamentalists to be the cause of all problems in the world. Proposed alternative by the proponents of Islamic fundamentalism is to return to the real Islam and animosity against western nations and their values. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Modernity as a Media for Exchange of Thoughts
Ghodrat Ahmadian Mokhtar NooriAccording to Gaston Bachelard (science philosopher) modernity with its epistemological detachment form that of medieval era developed a new world view for human kind. With this in mind, in this article it is tried to investigate the modernity paradigm based on a few fun MoreAccording to Gaston Bachelard (science philosopher) modernity with its epistemological detachment form that of medieval era developed a new world view for human kind. With this in mind, in this article it is tried to investigate the modernity paradigm based on a few fundamental development including renaissance, Protestantism, intellectual revolution, French and industrial revolution. With these developments, modernity paradigm had promised to set up a new way of life for humanity which would guarantee welfare and happiness for all. However, in spite of its achievements some social scientists have criticized modernity paradigm for failure to fulfill fully its pronounced desired ends. Thus, two main objectives in this article are: investigation of thoughts on modernity paradigm from classic to post modern critics; 2) inquiry into the thought of those scholars believing in transition for modernity and those holding the view of persistent modernity. In the second part of this paper the perspective of two groups of scientists such as post- modernists and revisionists such as Habermas, Gidens and Jimson will be the subject of argument. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - a
Armin Amini Hadi Akhondi Nemat Abad -
Open Access Article
51 - Formation of Modernity and Post-modernity: Epistemology, Ontology, Anthropology
طهماسب علیپوریانی مختار نوریThe history of western thought could be categorized generally into three paradigms of pre-modern, modern and post-modern. It is tried in this article to explore comparatively the worldviews of modernity and post-modernity based on three concepts of epistemology, ontolog MoreThe history of western thought could be categorized generally into three paradigms of pre-modern, modern and post-modern. It is tried in this article to explore comparatively the worldviews of modernity and post-modernity based on three concepts of epistemology, ontology and anthropology. In other words, the main objective of the argument is to make an in-depth enquiry into the roots and fundamental ingredients of modernity. The question raised is what were the criticisms and weaknesses of modernity which led to the emergence of the school of thought called post-modernism? Hence, three concepts of epistemology, ontology and anthropology are applied as ingredients of comparison between the two paradigms of modernity and post-modernity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Analyzing and Comparing the Prominent Elements Including Nature, Imagination and Freedom in Literary Works by Lord Byron and Simin Behbahani with a Focus on the Relationship between and among These Elements
Farzad Rostami Morteza RashidiRomanticism is an important move in the history of art and global thinking. In the present study, nature, imagination, and freedom have been selected from among the significant elements of romanticism based on the high frequency in the poems by Lord Byron and Simin Behb MoreRomanticism is an important move in the history of art and global thinking. In the present study, nature, imagination, and freedom have been selected from among the significant elements of romanticism based on the high frequency in the poems by Lord Byron and Simin Behbahani. Taking the relationship between and among these elements into account, it could be seen that the tendency towards nature, imagination and freedom play basic roles compared with the other elements of romanticism. The results of a comparative analysis of the aforementioned elements show that, although different in terms of geography, history, culture, and gender, these two poets have some things in common which stem from a common understanding of the nature of romanticism. The results of the present descriptive-analytic study indicated that imagination is a basic issue linked with other poetic elements. Unlike Byron who cannot literarily configure freedom as a specific issue despite his great efforts, freedom could be found in Behbahani’s poems admiring woman as a gender. However, the relationship between these elements in the poem of both poets similarly show that nature is an eternal source for imagination while showing freedom whereas the very imagination represents the freedom of soul and thought in romanticism. Manuscript profile -
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53 - نقدی بر غزل پست مدرن
سمانه جعفری -
Open Access Article
54 - "quality of life" in the Islamic city Iranian neighborhood within the framework of social sustainability and spatial (studied; Qom)
Mohammad Mohitara Abbas Malekhussaini Majid ShamsAbstract The central city neighborhood approach in recent years, the most important strategy to achieve sustainability in metropolitan cities has become. During the development of modernism and then post-modern school of urban planning Drshhrsazy various forms of neighb MoreAbstract The central city neighborhood approach in recent years, the most important strategy to achieve sustainability in metropolitan cities has become. During the development of modernism and then post-modern school of urban planning Drshhrsazy various forms of neighborhoods such as garden cities, neighborhoods Stein Faerie, Vertical modern neighborhoods, lively neighborhoods, gated communities and the efforts aimed at increasing the quality of life stability Shhrmdrn urban specialists have been hypocritical. Despite achieving some relative success of communities and neighborhoods have often failed to meet the expectations of the people of the villages in the pursuit of "social sustainability and spatial" appropriate level of all indicators, including the promotion of "quality of life" This research is funded by choosing diverse and targeted three different residences in the neighborhood or the city of Qom -Ayrany to investigate and analyze and compare them. This comparative study with descriptive-analytic method is causal-comparative survey. The results show that quality of life has significantly different between the three districts surveyed Ast.vsth quality of life in a neighborhood that is more consistent with traditional ones is higher. Manuscript profile -
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55 - .
منصور وثوقی مصطفی ازکیا رضا غیاث آبادی فراهانی -
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56 - بررسی کارآیی تبلیغات در راستای گردشگری مبتنی بر جغرافیایی شهری
علی دلاویز حسین کیخائی -
Open Access Article
57 - .
Isa Charati Ahmadreza Yalameha -
Open Access Article
58 - .
سیما پورمرادی رضا صادقی شهپر -
Open Access Article
59 - Postmodernist critique of the novel "Pasti" by "Mohammad Reza Kateb"
Faghiheh Deghan Reza Sadeghi Shahpar In recent years, the use of techniques and components of postmodern fiction has been one of the most important challenges for Iranian storytellers. In the present study, the novel More In recent years, the use of techniques and components of postmodern fiction has been one of the most important challenges for Iranian storytellers. In the present study, the novel "Postal" by "Mohammad Reza Kateb" has been studied descriptively-analytically from the perspective of postmodernism. The narratives of the novel are the biographies of the characters in different forms and times. The contradiction throughout the novel stems in part from this point. Irregularity, incoherence and order of narrative, uncertainty, characterization, multiplicity of narrative, fluid flow of mind, fluidity of time and place, contradiction, endless story and fusion of writing style are some of the postmodernist components of the novel. Is postal. Given the postmodern features reflected in the postal novel, it can be considered postmodern. Manuscript profile -
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60 - .
mahbobeh khorasani -
Open Access Article
61 - Modern narrative techniques in the cheetah story series that ran with me
homa hooshyar reza sadeghi shahpar ghahreman shiriOne of the keys to unraveling the complexities and understanding or obscuring of modern stories is to understand the narrative style and storytelling techniques. Each story generates unique questions and answers associated with narrative practices. Choosing and Creating MoreOne of the keys to unraveling the complexities and understanding or obscuring of modern stories is to understand the narrative style and storytelling techniques. Each story generates unique questions and answers associated with narrative practices. Choosing and Creating the Narrative Style opens up to the author among the old or recurring concepts and themes of the narrative - a new world. Bijan Najdi is one of the contemporary modernist storytellers who has special techniques in storytelling, and these particular techniques distinguish his stories from those of other contemporary storytellers. In the present article, Bijan Najdi's collection of cheetahs that ran with me is examined from the perspective of modern narrative techniques. The research results show that he used modern narrative techniques such as: narrative narrative, plural narrative, and delirious narrative, use of cinematic techniques, angle of view rotation, and so on. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Innovations in the poetry of Gheisar Aminpour
soheyla Salahi MoghaddamModernism in the literature shows Disconnection from ruling traditions and conventions and creating new ways for looking at human position and his/her role in the system of universe. Modernism have special external and internal characteristics, like separation fro MoreModernism in the literature shows Disconnection from ruling traditions and conventions and creating new ways for looking at human position and his/her role in the system of universe. Modernism have special external and internal characteristics, like separation from the proportion of individualism and emphasizing on creative individuality of an artist, loneliness feeling, alienation and desperation preference of unconscious to conscious , free association and unconscious stream of mind and paying attention to psychologists like Freud and Jung and some of the existentialists. Innovation is more comprehensive than Modernism. It pertains to a specific period (early twentieth century) and just like any other literary movements has reached to its peak and then has been replaced by another movement namely, post Modernism. Innovation hasn’t any beginning or ending and throughout ages manifested in the literature and art as well as in modernism. Innovation means creativity and it is not an imitation. The question that the present article wants to answer is, Can the principal of innovation be seen in the poetry of Gheisar Amin pour? Before investigation of Gheisar Aminpour' poetry, special innovations can be seen in different periods in the Persian poetry. In the modern contemporary poetry, innovation and creativity in comparison with return literary style or even Mashrothe period is more preferable. The poetry of Gheisar Aminpour has some sort of innovation in outer form as well as inner form. In his prominent poetry whether classic or Neonimai we encounter a sort of innovation which is unprecedented in the previous poets. Defamiliarisation in the compound nouns such as Aieneh Nagahan is a title from one of his book which shows the innovation. In this article the collection of Tanafoseh Sobh has been investigated. Manuscript profile -
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63 - Evaluation of Physical-Spatial Structure of Iranian Cities from Point Of View of Modernism and Postmodernism (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis)
Yousef Zeinolabedin Nobakht Sobhani Faranak Saeidifard Majid AkbariInvestigating stages of physical growth and development in the cities of the world indicates the effect of two paradigms of modernism and postmodernism on the organization and spatial structure of cities. So that the effects of these two paradigms have led to the develo MoreInvestigating stages of physical growth and development in the cities of the world indicates the effect of two paradigms of modernism and postmodernism on the organization and spatial structure of cities. So that the effects of these two paradigms have led to the development of cities, the establishment and development of communication networks and highways, the creation of satellite towns and suburbs , and the greatest impact on the spatial and physical area of cities. Modernism and the effect of that modernity have had fundamental effects on the social, political, economic, cultural and physical spheres and most of all targeting the transformation of the urban community, including the city's physical-spatial dimensions, also they have greatly changed the concepts of urban culture. On the other hand, postmodernism has also had an impact on the spatial structure of city in terms of economic, social, political and methodological issues. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the spatial structure of Tehran metropolis from the perspective of modernism and postmodernism. The methodology of this research is descriptive-analytic and data collection is based on library and documentary studies. The results show that in modernism, components such as the physical viewpoint and single-dimensional urbanization, the creation of space spheres such as the creation of highways, air networks and architecture and high-rise construction and beady, respectively, were in the first to third positions, also in postmodernism components such as the mixed use and the diversity of housing construction, the existence of the principle of choice in the structure of city, and the average density and combined use of the combination, played a role in the first to third positions in terms of influencing the spatial structure on Tehran metropolis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - شوخی بی پایان اثر دیوید فاستر والاس: کسب هویت مشترک پست مدرن از طریق ارتباطات مجازی
Abdolreza Goudarzi Morteza Lakمقاله حاضر به دنبال بررسی رمان شوخی بی پایان اثر دیوید فاستر والاس (1962-2008) بوده و بر این باور است که در آن می توان ویژگی های اصلی پسا پست مدرنیسم را یافت. پس از آن، سوال از اصالت و ماهیت هویت انسان یکی دیگر از مسائلی است که این مقاله در عصر برنامه ها و محصولات مجازی Moreمقاله حاضر به دنبال بررسی رمان شوخی بی پایان اثر دیوید فاستر والاس (1962-2008) بوده و بر این باور است که در آن می توان ویژگی های اصلی پسا پست مدرنیسم را یافت. پس از آن، سوال از اصالت و ماهیت هویت انسان یکی دیگر از مسائلی است که این مقاله در عصر برنامه ها و محصولات مجازی مانند واتس اپ، تلگرام و وایبر ، علاوه بر شبکه های اجتماعی مانند فیس بوک ، توییتر و یوتیوب مطرح می شود. در واقع، به فردیت انسان بها داده شده و به وی فرصتی داده می شود تا تفکرات خود را بیان کند. با فراهم شدن این موقعیت در شبکه های اجتماعی نوعی به اشتراک گذاری در میان افراد منزوی و جدا از هم به وجود میآید. به عبارت دیگر، پسا پست مدرنیسم واکنشی به حس از هم پاشیدگی پست مدرنیسم است ولی به معنای بازگشت به تمامیت خواهی مدرنیسم هم نیست. هر فرد منزوی میتواند به یک انسان فعال، خالق ارتباط و مولد تبدیل شود که توانایی خلق معنا و برگرداندن هویت را داشته و صرفاً یک بیننده و خواننده مطلق نباشد. از اینرو، هدف از مطالعه ی حاضر کاوش در رمان شوخی بیپایان نوشته ی والاس از نقطه نظر فلاسفه و منتقدینی همچون کربای، والاس و تیمر به منظور روشن ساختن مفاهیم یاد شده است. Manuscript profile -
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65 - اسطوره و ادبیات مدرن
محمود طاووسی آمنه درودگر -
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66 - تطور هستی شناسی رفتار مجرمانه و جایگزینی آسیب اجتماعی با مفهوم جرم در زمیولوژی (آسیب اجتماعی شناسی)
حسن فدایی سید محمود میر خلیلی شهرداد دارابی -
Open Access Article
67 - The methods of postmodernism in the novel Nocturnal Harmony of the Wood Orchestra based on Brian McHale, theory
Sahar Alikahi Latifeh Salamat Bavil Alireza SalehiPostmodernist theories are divided into two major groups. The first group includes the theories of people like Barry Lewis, Peter Whalen and David Lodge, who provide a list of stylistic components distinguishing postmodern writing (uncertainty, paranoia, temporal irregu MorePostmodernist theories are divided into two major groups. The first group includes the theories of people like Barry Lewis, Peter Whalen and David Lodge, who provide a list of stylistic components distinguishing postmodern writing (uncertainty, paranoia, temporal irregularity, etc.). In the second group, the most prominent theory has been proposed by Brian McHale, who uses the concept of "dominant element" in Russian formalism to explain postmodernism, and considers the characteristic of postmodernism to be ontology (as opposed to epistemology, which is the dominant element of modernism).In order to achieve this goal, first, tricks and components are extracted from the novel "Nocturnal Harmony of the Wood Orchestra" and analyzed in three parts: story elements, concept and form; Then, based on Brian McHale's prevailing theory, which considers the characteristic of postmodern stories to be ontological issues, it is determined to what extent these methods and components play a role in highlighting the ontological elements of the work. The result shows that this novel is a complex and difficult novel in which the author has made good use of the polyphonic technique, uncertainty, the two-dimensional presence of the narrator, the lack of coherence of the mind and the confusion of the characters, etc. has placed postmodern works. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Analyzing the anthropological roots of ecological criticism
mehdi khosravi Maryam Mahmoodi parisa davariFollowing the rise of modernism and the serious damages to nature as the habitat of humans and the danger of its destruction, researchers in the field of literature introduced ecological criticism as a new science. In this research, using anthropological theories, it is MoreFollowing the rise of modernism and the serious damages to nature as the habitat of humans and the danger of its destruction, researchers in the field of literature introduced ecological criticism as a new science. In this research, using anthropological theories, it is pointed out the explanation of the two great forces of fear and love in man, which shapes his positions in relation to life and death and determines his actions. Also, the difference in the approach towards nature in the days of matriarchy and patriarchy and the modern era has been investigated. In this article, which has been done in a descriptive-analytical way, an attempt has been made to investigate the root of damage to nature, which has caused the formation of ecological criticism. Components such as fear of nature, animism of nature, the existence and presence of matrilineal system, and finally modernity, each of which has determined the why and how of relationship and behavior at a particular time, and of course the role and relations of power in this influence and impression are also significant. The research results show Animistic thinking and maternal way of life lead to human efforts to criticize natureWith the decline of matriarchy, nature and women are equally degraded. The process of devaluing nature leads to abuse and destruction of the earth with the advent of modernism. Man, considers himself the measure and standard of morality and valuation and gives himself the right to benefit from all facilities and of course nature with It faces irreparable destruction Manuscript profile -
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69 - Social Epistemology and Scientific objectivity
جلال پیکانی Meysam SadeghpourBeside to postmodern approaches, on the one hand, and the positivism, on the other hand, certain aspects of social epistemology is capable to both defending some type of objectivity in the realm of science and cause to dialogue between those two camp. After introducing MoreBeside to postmodern approaches, on the one hand, and the positivism, on the other hand, certain aspects of social epistemology is capable to both defending some type of objectivity in the realm of science and cause to dialogue between those two camp. After introducing social epistemology in brief, in this paper, we show problematic aspects of those approaches and then show what aspects of social epistemology could serve to defend some type of objectivity in the realm of science, especially, in the philosophical atmosphere of our country, this moderate approach could be fruitful. According to social epistemology, the agent neither is absolutely free from social and political obligations, neither is absolutely dependent on such obligations. In other word, based on truth conductivity, social epistemology holds a moderate approach to objectivity of science. This may serve as a means to create a new approach to objectivity. Social Epistemology; Alvin Goldman; Scientific objectivity; Postmodernism Manuscript profile -
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70 - پست مدرنیسم و تاثیر نیهیلیسم بر آن
فیاض زاهد -
Open Access Article
71 - Feminism and Democracy in the Passage of History
Mohammad Towhidfam Lila EisavandAbstract During the twentieth century, many social movements that took shape was one of the women's movement and causes many changes in the status of women. Later, feminist women's movement and was named to the enormous changes that have been experienced three waves of MoreAbstract During the twentieth century, many social movements that took shape was one of the women's movement and causes many changes in the status of women. Later, feminist women's movement and was named to the enormous changes that have been experienced three waves of feminism have been called. The first wave of the women's movement began in 1850 and lasted until 1920. In this era of political freedom to women won the right to vote. The second wave women's movement began in 1920 and lasted until 1980, women in this period to some legal reforms were influenced by the trends were at the time and Marxist feminism, socialist and radical of those requirements. The third wave started from the 1980s and continues to this day’s Claim that the third waves of cultural structures have an impact on their communities. Feminism of the past to the dominant male-dominated, particularly in the funds has drawn criticism. Feminists claim that human knowledge has been able to open a new perspective. The struggle against the domination of men in political, social, cultural and economic mission of women in the three waves of feminism. Feminists believe that freedom and democracy ordained destiny of all human. Manuscript profile -
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72 - Post-Zionism Discourse & Israel Future, Opportunities &Threats
Ehsan JannatiZionism is the product of a political interpretation of the Jewish religion in the nineteenth century, which could gradually and with the support of western countries make a unified discourse and focus Jews’ public opinion on Palestine territory, and with the esta MoreZionism is the product of a political interpretation of the Jewish religion in the nineteenth century, which could gradually and with the support of western countries make a unified discourse and focus Jews’ public opinion on Palestine territory, and with the establishment of a Jewish state in Middle East in addition to giving the promise of peace to the Jewish refugees in the specified land, proposed the para territorial idea of from Nile to Euphrates, but this fragmented society is faced with different challenges in political, sociological, population, strategic areas and intellectual, identity discourse issues, so that vast changes has happened in the dominating ideas underlying the foundation of a Jewish state. The changes in academic levels inside Israel, which has brought in new intellectual challenges to society and the governing board, by reviewing and revising the formation of Zionist discourse consideration and evaluation of the achievement of the aims and objectives. The process has many similarities with the flow of post modernism against modernism in west. Transition from this intellectual operational stalemate point is possible through alternative discourses and new resolutions which are in accordance with the internal and external realities of Israel and the region. Suppositions show public interest would be drawn to the new intellectual proposition which is more conforming with the reality & probability of arc-typical & station. Manuscript profile -
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73 - بنیادگرایی اسلامی و پست مدرنیزم
بهروز مرادی -
Open Access Article
74 - دیپلماسی رسانهای رویکرد پسامدرنیسم در روابط بینالملل نسبت به تاثیرات رسانههای نوین بر دیپلماسی
dr.zahra kharazi -
Open Access Article
75 - The Model Policy- making Formulation for social security organization with a Postmodernism Approach (Mixed Research Method)
motahar ebrahimi Hosein Shariat Masoud pourkianiThe aim of the present research is to design the policy-making model in social security organization with post-modernism approach. The research is of the mixed, exploratory type. Therefore, the approach in this research is qualitative- quantitative (mixed). The statisti MoreThe aim of the present research is to design the policy-making model in social security organization with post-modernism approach. The research is of the mixed, exploratory type. Therefore, the approach in this research is qualitative- quantitative (mixed). The statistical universe of the first phase (qualitative) and the second phase (quantitative) of the research consisted of academic experts familiar to the literature of social welfare and policy making, and specialists in social security. In the first phase, 23 individuals were selected employing targeted sampling with snowball sampling technique while in the second phase, 30 individuals were selected employing targeted sampling with judge mental sampling technique. In the first phase, data was gathered through questionnaires, instructing essentials and in the form of semi-structured, while in the second phase, it was gathered through half-open questionnaires with 61 items. In the first phase, data was analyzed through lab ling obtained from theorization (data-based), employing Atlasti software. In the second phase, the model test, obtained from the first stage of research was used in the form of modeling structural equations, using PLS software and descriptive statistics, central indexes and the percentage of consensus on model. 93 percent of participants had consensus on the conceptual model of the present research, so that all dimensions of the data-based extracted model were explained. Manuscript profile -
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76 - Reading Finnish Architecture Through Tradition and Modernism
Mohammad Mohammadzadeh DogahehThe study of Finnish architecture from the early to contemporary period is the subject of this research, the importance of this issue is that how to create a link with the past architecture of Finland, which has an ancient history of traditional architecture, has always MoreThe study of Finnish architecture from the early to contemporary period is the subject of this research, the importance of this issue is that how to create a link with the past architecture of Finland, which has an ancient history of traditional architecture, has always been considered as one of the challenges of its contemporary architecture. And the purpose of this research is to know how factors such as materials, local materials and cultural aspects influence the formation of the historical periods of this region. The main question of the research is, what was the role of these factors in the formation of these courses? Descriptive-analytical and historical-interpretive research methods have been used with targeted sampling of the works of prominent architects of each period and their analysis. The data was collected in the form of documents and libraries. The independent variable of the research is nature and local materials, cultural currents, traditions and nationalist movements, and the dependent variable is Finnish architecture. The statistical population and sampling method is quota. The results of the research show that the historical periods of Finnish architecture before independence were influenced by Swedish and Russian architecture and neoclassicism, neogothic, eclectic, national and art nouveau styles, and after independence, Nordic style and modernist movements and in the reconstruction period after World War II has been the government's policies. In the period of contemporary architecture, three types of trends were formed under the influence of the works of Alvar Aalto, Pauli Blomstedt and Reima Pietilä, in which, in addition to historical and geographical factors, the surrounding nature and local culture also played a very important role in the continuation of tradition in the works of the present era. Manuscript profile -
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77 - بررسی شگردهای روایی مدرن در مجموعه داستان «چهرهنگاری دنیا و سمت تاریک کلمات»
پرستو صباحی تشریق رضا صادقی شهپر شهروز جمالی -
Open Access Article
78 - Cultural Study of the Two Bio-World of Tehran Women; Religious Board and Coffee Shop
Homaira Haj Mohammad Kazemi Hossein Tanhai Mohammad Bagher TajuddinThe present study deals with the qualitative study of the two bio-worlds of women in Tehran by the religious board and the coffee shop, and the meanings, interpretations and symbols that these two groups of women express themselves are analyzed. A qualitative study in t MoreThe present study deals with the qualitative study of the two bio-worlds of women in Tehran by the religious board and the coffee shop, and the meanings, interpretations and symbols that these two groups of women express themselves are analyzed. A qualitative study in this study shows that identity factors have changed fundamentally over the past two decades, so that today Iranian women are very different from the past. The present study is based on interpretive paradigm and qualitative phenomenological research method with thematic analysis technique (theme) in Tehran. The study population of this article is women in Tehran, from which 42 people have been selected by theoretical sampling method and the information has been collected and rewritten through in-depth interviews. The research shows that the categories obtained in the formation of women's identity can be expressed in the following cases: fluid leisure, the effect of coffee shop music, the heterogeneous combination of tradition and modernism in individuality, the prevalence of religious childhood on the mental wall of activists, spiritual guidance, belief, migration and the need to reproduce the meaning of religion in the formation of identity, the dialectic of spirituality in the impact of need and sin, feminine ignorance due to prejudice, the domination of patriarchal culture and a way for women to pass, the duality of cafe and group, heterogeneous homogeneity, the deconstruction of communication, the incompatibility of modern bodies with the essence of spirituality, the combination of pleasure and spirituality, the romantic action of the heathers, the reconstruction of spiritual dialogues. The results show that when we are going to look at the formation of women's identity in today's Iranian society, we must first pay attention to the components of their influence on the religious identity that arises from the family or school. On the other hand, the emergence of new modern forms such as coffee shops in this area can have an impact on the mentality and personality of women. Women are also taking turns in changing their mental direction. In such a way that the type of attitude is not necessarily considered anti-spirituality and religion, but shows differences with the traditional religious view. On the other hand, their presence in modern places such as coffee shops shows that the acceptance of modernism in today's generation of women is undeniable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Impact and Effectiveness of Contemporary Consumption Culture on Architecture and Urban Planning
Ali Asgari Razie FathiProduction and consumption are not mere economic terms, as they have, for many years, expanded into the sociological realm and spatial analyses. Consumption has been introduced as a key subject in Sociology and Humanities, signifying that the current society is rich in MoreProduction and consumption are not mere economic terms, as they have, for many years, expanded into the sociological realm and spatial analyses. Consumption has been introduced as a key subject in Sociology and Humanities, signifying that the current society is rich in consumption ethics. Because architectural and urban spaces involve peoples’ daily lives thus, it is imperative to address the consumer subject in urban architecture and city planning.This research is an interdisciplinary study that uses a descriptive-analytical approach to explore the contemporary consumer culture and urban and architectural spaces. Reviewing the literature, the study provides a classification of consumer spaces, including commercial and tourism-recreational spaces.This research does not aim to provide a comprehensive conclusion because it strives to enter into spatial dimensions, a subject that has gained the attention of sociologists and thinkers of other scientific assemblies and in the position of architecture and urban planning, the consequences are still original and debatable. Characteristics of intended spaces and their formative and content dimensions reveal that the grave challenges facing our cities are that spaces risk getting empty and converted into platforms for superficial consumption and this issue can be seen and pondered in some cities of the country Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - The most important criticisms of postmodernism based on the attitude of socialists
farzad mohammadi Hassan Shamsini GhiyathundTo challenge the promises in the discourses, a critical group called postmodernism is mentioned. With an epistemological approach, this practice distanced itself from modernity and presented a new worldview for mankind. Therefore, dealing with this school is not because MoreTo challenge the promises in the discourses, a critical group called postmodernism is mentioned. With an epistemological approach, this practice distanced itself from modernity and presented a new worldview for mankind. Therefore, dealing with this school is not because of the introduction of a new plan, but against any centralism, value hierarchy and dualistic logic of identity. This article seeks to review the theory of postmodernism, especially from the point of view of socialists, and evaluate its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and the most important criticisms made on it through the review and review of studies. The method of conducting this research is descriptive-analytical, and the method of collecting information is in the form of a library, with special emphasis on books and first-hand written sources, articles published in reputable publications, and new researches. The results of this research show that the socialists are against some issues such as; Prioritizing society's issues, atomizing people, opposing relativism, and being subjective have fundamental disagreements with postmodernist ideas Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Analyzing the anthropological roots of ecological criticism
mehdi khosravi Maryam Mahmoodi Parisa ِDavariFollowing the emergence of modernism and the serious damages of the 20th and 21st century to nature as the habitat of humans and the danger of its destruction, researchers in the field of ecological criticism literature introduced it as a new science. An approach that d MoreFollowing the emergence of modernism and the serious damages of the 20th and 21st century to nature as the habitat of humans and the danger of its destruction, researchers in the field of ecological criticism literature introduced it as a new science. An approach that deals with the relationship between literature, art and nature and their mutual influence, so that maybe by focusing on this issue, considerations regarding the preservation and protection of the habitat by the human society can be considered. Although human action and behavior changes with the transformation of the social structure system and under the influence of the philosophy of looking at life, but what causes a friendly or competitive relationship with nature, becoming unique or superior to it, has roots in the human psyche that are more primitive and more fundamental than superstructures. In this article, which has been done in a descriptive-analytical way, an attempt has been made to investigate the root of damage to nature, which has caused the formation of ecological criticism. Components such as fear of nature, animism of nature, the existence and presence of the maternal descent system, and finally modernity, each of which has determined the limits, limits, why and how of the relationship and behavior at a specific time, and of course the role and relations of power in this influence and impression can also be is attention Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Reviewing and analyzing the qualifications of the teaching profession from the perspective of a postmodern approach to provide a model
ehtram ebrahim محمدحسین Heydari Seyed Hashem golestaniThe present study aims to analyze the professional competencies of teachers from the perspective of postmodern approach in order to provide a model for the professional competencies of teachers. This research was carried out with a qualitative approach and using the pro MoreThe present study aims to analyze the professional competencies of teachers from the perspective of postmodern approach in order to provide a model for the professional competencies of teachers. This research was carried out with a qualitative approach and using the process of transcendental analysis in two steps to describe and explain the necessary conditions. The research findings show that postmodernists consider teachers as transformational thinkers instead of placing teachers in a limited and inflexible framework of technical and professional competencies. In this study, the necessary competencies for the teaching profession were examined in three areas: competencies focused on awareness, competencies focused on ability and competencies focused on attitude. Based on Giro's views, the components of professional competence include critique of existing knowledge, creation of new forms of knowledge, deconstruction of texts, attention to the political dimension of teaching, lack of authoritarianism, democratic relations, interaction and cooperation with colleagues and respect for differences. Findings for the second question of the research show that Giro assigns roles to borderline teachers as: professional intellectual, transformational thinker, facilitator of learning process, teaching how to learn and cultural agent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Post Modernism in Iran’s contemporary fiction (The study of post modernist features in Hooshang Golshiri’s works)
Siavoush GolshiriAlthough the term postmodernism is repeatedly used by the writers and even critics in Iran however due to the unfamiliarity as to its true origins, principles and features of this literary genre, believing in such a movement in fiction in this country is always discerni MoreAlthough the term postmodernism is repeatedly used by the writers and even critics in Iran however due to the unfamiliarity as to its true origins, principles and features of this literary genre, believing in such a movement in fiction in this country is always discernible. As to descry certain features as a basis according to which one can determine whether a work is postmodern or not and whether those features were adopted merely as a universal model together with the question whether these texts to the same measure that they are deconstructive, do they remain fiddle to the endemic possibilities of Farsi language and its past, are among the main questions this research and analysis is aimed at answering. The following works of Hooshang Golshiri short stories such as ”the night of doubt’, “A man with a red tie”, “A picture for my empty frame”, “The first innocent”, and “the garden’s prisoners” and long stories and novels like “Prince Ehtejab”,“Christian and Kayd”, and “ the mirrors with doors” were selected for this purpose. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Analysis of Approaches of Theory of Post-post Modernism Criminology
Vahid Zarei Sharif Maryam PoorbaghiPost-post Modernism Criminology or Trans Modernism Criminology surveys the effective factors in crime occurrence depends on the expanded theoretical subjects from Modernism Criminology meditation following Post Modernism Criminology with criticism from criminological ap MorePost-post Modernism Criminology or Trans Modernism Criminology surveys the effective factors in crime occurrence depends on the expanded theoretical subjects from Modernism Criminology meditation following Post Modernism Criminology with criticism from criminological approaches of Modernism and Post Modernism as the end of Modernism meditation. In this research, we follow to find the response of this question that how are the approaches of Post-post Modernism Movement of thought in dealing with the phenomena of crime, criminalization and discovering the causes of crime occurrence? even the answer to other question based on that whether Post-post Modernism Criminology in preventing from crime and correction of an offender besides criticism to Modernism and Post Modernism Criminology, access its critical objects? This research with analytical and descriptive method, has surveyed the old theories of criminologists and data of valid scientific internal and external law articles and has searched the obstacle criminalization, intentional crime, two-dimensional absolutism, objectivism, religionist, alienation and rationalism are principal factors of Post-post Modernism Criminology in contrast with essentialism, unaware mind of Trans Modern offender, rationalism, mentalism, nihilism, self-depended reason and formalism are fundamental elements of Modernism and Post Modernism Criminology, besides the comparative study of mentioned measures determines the relative success of Trans Modernism Criminology in achievement of critical purposes. Furthermore, the necessity of perception in approaches Post-post Modernism Criminology about solving legal vacuum and determining judges’ liberties in the status of legislation or interpretation of law, adjudicate or implementation of verdict in criminal courts that has dominant role in assumption of preventive or punitive dispositions in opposition with criminal phenomena. Manuscript profile
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