color

Open Access Article

1 - Defining the Color Weight of Residential Building Façade, Using Q-Factor Analysis
Maryam Mehdipour Seyed-abbas Yazdanfar Ahmad Ekhlasi Bahram Saleh Sedghpour

10.30495/ijaud.2022.62361.1550

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Open Access Article

2 - The effect of pasteurization by ultrasound and thermal method on the color and microbial properties of grape juice
Ghazaleh Abdollahi Moghaddam Masouleh Leila Nateghi Kian Pahlevan Afshari

10.30495/fh.2022.65884.1101

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Open Access Article

3 - On the Maximum Number of Dominating Classes in Graph Coloring
M. Faghani

In this paper we investigate the dominating- -color number، of a graph G. That is the maximum number of color classes that are also dominating when G is colored using colors. We show that where is the join of G and H. This result allows us to construct classes of graphs More

In this paper we investigate the dominating- -color number، of a graph G. That is the maximum number of color classes that are also dominating when G is colored using colors. We show that where is the join of G and H. This result allows us to construct classes of graphs such that and thus provide some information regarding two questions raised in [1] and [2]. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Incidence dominating numbers of graphs
Parisa Azizi Keshavarz Abolfazl . Tehranian

In this paper, the concept of incidence domination number of graphs is introduced and the incidence dominating set and the incidence domination number of some particular graphs such as paths, cycles, wheels, complete graphs and stars are studied.

In this paper, the concept of incidence domination number of graphs is introduced and the incidence dominating set and the incidence domination number of some particular graphs such as paths, cycles, wheels, complete graphs and stars are studied. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Fuzzy Graph Coloring in Traffic Lights Problem
Yahya Talebi Rostami Siyamak Firouzian Ali Reza Moniri Hamzekolaee Mostafa Nouri Jouybari

Graph coloring is one of the issues that has been most noticed among combinatorial optimization issues. Many useful utility issues can be modeled as graph coloring issues. The general form of this application is to form a graph with nodes representing our favorite parts More

Graph coloring is one of the issues that has been most noticed among combinatorial optimization issues. Many useful utility issues can be modeled as graph coloring issues. The general form of this application is to form a graph with nodes representing our favorite parts. The main problem of coloring the graph is the grouping of vertex graphs in small groups, so that no two heterogeneous vertices are in the same group. An important part of the application of graph coloring problem in management science is. The concept of traffic lights includes controlling the system of a traffic light so that a safe level of safety can be obtained. Modeling the problem of traffic lights has been proposed as a problem of assignment in combinatorial theory. This problem is also modeled as a graph coloring problem. In this paper, we have tried to model these problems in practical examples as the problem of staining the fuzzy graph and compare them with the proposed methods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Silver coloring of generalized Petersen graphs
Nazli Besharati

In a graph G=(V,E), an independent set I(G) is a subset of the vertices of G such that no two vertices in I(G) are adjacent. Any maximum independent set of a graph is called a diagonal of the graph. Let c be a proper (r+1)-coloring of an r-regular graph G. A vertex v in More

In a graph G=(V,E), an independent set I(G) is a subset of the vertices of G such that no two vertices in I(G) are adjacent. Any maximum independent set of a graph is called a diagonal of the graph. Let c be a proper (r+1)-coloring of an r-regular graph G. A vertex v in G is said to be rainbow with respect to c if every color appears in the closed neighborhood N[v]=N(v)∪{v}. Given a diagonal I of G, the coloring c is said to be silver with respect to I if every v∈I is rainbow with respect to c. G is called silver if it admits a silver coloring with respect to some diagonal. In [1], the authors introduced silver coloring and the following question is raised “Find classes of r-regular graphs G, that G is a silver graph". This paper is aimed toward study this question for the generalized Petersen graphs. In this paper we show that, if n&equiv;0 (mod4) and k is odd, then P(n,k) is a totally silver graph. Also, for every natural number n, the existence of silver coloring for generalized Petersen graphs P(n,1), P(n,2) except for n=5, this is well-known petersen graph, P(n,3) except for n=10,14 and 26. Also, for any k>2,P(2k+1,k), and for any k>3,P(3k+1,k), and for any k>3, k ≠5,9 P(3k-1,k) are silver graphs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Measuring the effect of the color of environmental advertisements on the urban landscape of Mashhad's Felestin Street
pouya matini Hadi Sarvari

As the main factor of advertising in the last century and as the newest one, environmental advertising is one of the building components of the city landscape. Although advertising is one of the methods of beautifying the urban landscape, sometimes people use urban spac More

As the main factor of advertising in the last century and as the newest one, environmental advertising is one of the building components of the city landscape. Although advertising is one of the methods of beautifying the urban landscape, sometimes people use urban spaces for advertising regardless of their visual beauty. The landscape of urban spaces is affected by many factors. Environmental advertising is one of the most important influencing factors in terms of urban spaces due to its close relationship with the body of the city and also an objective factor in people's eyes. Therefore, the role of environmental advertising in the urban landscape is of great importance, in order to develop an organizing plan or to modify urban views. The purpose of this research is to measure the effect of environmental advertising color on the urban landscape in Felestin Street, Mashhad, in order to use it to improve the quality of the landscape in this area. In this research, by using a questionnaire and a population of 352 people and spss software, information related to advertising boards in Felestin was collected and by using analysis methods and Spearman's correlation test and multiple regression, as well as field observation and collection, the resulting information was processed. has been The results obtained from this research show that there is a significant relationship between the color of environmental advertisements and urban landscape, and the attention to color in environmental advertisements, according to the investigations and the use of Spearman's test, where the significance level was less than 0.05. It has a direct effect on increasing the quality of urban landscapes, and in particular, according to the obtained regression coefficient (0.04), it can be concluded that the color of environmental protection has little effect on the urban landscape of Felestin Street. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Investigating the Effect of Emulsifier YN and Lecithin on Qualitative Promotion the of White Chocolate
V. Mehrabi M. Ghavami M. Gharachorloo

Introduction: Chocolate is one of the most consumed snacks in the world. In this study the quality of white chocolate namely browning process as well as physicochemical characteristics of this product are evaluated.Materials and Methods: The effect of conventional emuls More

Introduction: Chocolate is one of the most consumed snacks in the world. In this study the quality of white chocolate namely browning process as well as physicochemical characteristics of this product are evaluated.Materials and Methods: The effect of conventional emulsifiers such as lecithin with different intakes and emulsifier YN (ammonium phosphatides) at different concentrations were compared and evaluated in white chocolate. The samples were subjected to chemical analysis concerned with total fat content, acid insoluble ash, acidity iodine and saponification value, fatty acid composition, oxidative stability test (Rancimat) and sensory analysis according to the national standard.Results: The application of different concentrations of commercial lecithin did not have a significant effect on the qualitative characteristics of white chocolate, while the use of 0.4 and 0.5 % emulsifier YN at the time of production and 90 days after production improved the stability, quality of color and texture considerably. The yellow color index (b*) in white chocolate containing emulsifier YN was reduced significantly white the brightness index (L*) was increased favorably as compared to the control and the quality was maintained after production.Conclusion: The application of emulsifier YN improved the qualitative characteristics of white Chocolate and exhibited synergistic effect with the natural antioxidant present in the substrate and increased the oxidative stability of the product. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Phytochemical and antioxidant screening of Lepidium latifolium L. extract: Function in fish product preservation
Nastaran Samadian M. Nouri

The aim of present study is to investigate physicochemical attribute, antioxidant function, antimicrobial activity and sensory feature in Lepidium latifolium L. (L. latifolium) extract on fish burgers during the shelf life. Initially, L. latifolium was extracted using s More

The aim of present study is to investigate physicochemical attribute, antioxidant function, antimicrobial activity and sensory feature in Lepidium latifolium L. (L. latifolium) extract on fish burgers during the shelf life. Initially, L. latifolium was extracted using soxhlet (LES), ultrasound (LEU) and supercritical water (LEW) as well as the major components were assessed using more performance liquid chromatography, which sinigrin and glucosinolates constituents were identified. The results illustrated that satisfactory values were obtained for these values in the treated sample by LEU; in next step, 0.2 % of each extract was added to fish burgers. The control and treated samples were tested to determine pH level, cooking yield, color features, thiobarbituric acid (TBAR), peroxide value (PV), microbial population, sensory evaluation and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The lowest TBAR and PV levels were found to be 0.38 and 0.40 (mg malonaldehyde) as well as 4.22 and 4.28 (meqO2/kg) for treated fish burgers by LEU and LEW, respectively (p < 0.05). The most sensory desirability was observed for treated sample by LEU, which also exhibited the uniform structure in SEM images compared to others. In conclusion, fish burgers obtained by LEU and LEW can be considered as optimal samples to preserve burgers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Evaluation of Iron Element Efficiency in on Azo dye of Industrial Effluent
Monireh Majlesi Ahmadreza Yazdanbakhsh Amir Sheikh Mohammadi Mahdieh Sardar

Sparse vegetation gives rise to increased overland water flow، soil erosion، Azo as a member of chromo-gen group has different efficiency in different industries such as mutation potential and carcinogenesis. Some kinds of chromo-gen are known in primary studies. Azo ch More

Sparse vegetation gives rise to increased overland water flow، soil erosion، Azo as a member of chromo-gen group has different efficiency in different industries such as mutation potential and carcinogenesis. Some kinds of chromo-gen are known in primary studies. Azo chromo-gen can cause undesirable color to water and also these colors have mutation and carcinogenesis potential in human and can produce poisonous side product in environmental water. The aim of this investigation is usage of iron، element to subject an effective method to remove azo dye acid yellow 36 of water solution. This experiment fulfills in the scale of laboratory. In this experiment synthetic solution made from color and efficiency of iron powder is considered in removing the yellow 36 acid color of water solution and effects of different parameters during the contact time. Effect of iron powder is considered in efficiency of removal by iron powder. Results of experiments show that PH solution is more effective in access to more removal. From the results of the experiment it can be concluded that the time of contact of Iron in the acidy solution as an important factor through access to more color is more effective. Increasing the contact time of iron powder in the solution، decreases the time of discoloration. Results of experiments show that pH have more important role on efficient color removing and Slight pH can be more efficient to remove the color. Increasing pH from 3 to 11 with iron powder 3.33 g/l and contact time of 100 minute، removal time is decreased from about 94.84% to 16.94%. This method is recommended to remove Azo dyes from environmental water as it is simple and efficient. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Study of photocatalytic decomposition of reactive colorants from textile wastewaters: finite elements numerical modeling and experimental results
Khashayar Badii Faramarz Doulati Ardejani Seyed Zia-e-din Shafaei Tonekaboni Niaz Mohammad Mahmoodi Farrokh Legha Amini

Wastewaters containing reactive colorants from different industries can be harmful to the environment. Therefore, it is so important to remove colorants from wastewater before they are discharged into the environment. In this research, a simple mathematical model expand More

Wastewaters containing reactive colorants from different industries can be harmful to the environment. Therefore, it is so important to remove colorants from wastewater before they are discharged into the environment. In this research, a simple mathematical model expanded by finite elements method has been proposed which is capable of simulating the process of colorants removal from industrial wastewaters. The proposed model has been solved by a combination between SEEP/W and CTRN/W software. The model was examined by an example. The example was a study on transportation modeling of a pollutant in a porous media water flow by two analytical and numerical solutions. After the calibration of the model, its results were compared with those of an experimental research for decolorization of Reactive Orange 107 (a Cibacron colorant) by photocatalytical process (UV/TiO2/H2O2) at a batch reactor in laboratory scale. The results showed good prediction by the model. The experimental results showed that Cibacron colorants, such as Reactive Orange 107, would be mineralized by the photocatalytic process (UV/TiO2/H2O2). Although, the production of these types of wastewater is almost unavoidable, a suitable environmental management program can be developed to minimize the effects of these pollutants. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - A comparative study of color-words in the poems of "Simin Behbahani" and "Golkhsar Safi Ava
Tahereh seyedrezai Fereshte Mahjoub

Colors affect human understanding of the phenomena of existence. The mental tendency towards color and the use of its spectrums is a reflection of various psychological actions. Each color leaves a special effect on the human body and soul, which can be proven by the tw More

Colors affect human understanding of the phenomena of existence. The mental tendency towards color and the use of its spectrums is a reflection of various psychological actions. Each color leaves a special effect on the human body and soul, which can be proven by the two sciences of physiology and psychology. Poets have a deeper understanding of colors due to their sensual and different view of the world, which is reflected in various ways of illustration, from simile and metaphor to sensibility, defamiliarization and symbolism. The present research has analyzed the poetry of Simin Behbahani and Golrokhsar Safi Ava, two contemporary women poets from Iran and Tajikistan tradition and innovation in their poetry, and many of the deep and incidental images in their poetry have been achieved through the use of color and the creation of innovative words. As a result, both of them have used the color "black" more than any other color in order to overcome, from the perspective of Max Loescher's color theory. Both poets tend to go beyond the sad and hopeless spirit; Nevertheless, in this area, Simin's poems have more frequency, variety of spectrum and more meanings in comparison with Golrokhsar, and its application takes on a realistic and descriptive form. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Optimizing the Factors of Color Concentration, pH and the Amount of Nanoparticles in Removal of R198 Reactive Dye under UV Rays by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Extracted from Leaching Residue of Zinc Melting Factory
S. S. Gojrati M. Hajisafari M. M. Khosravirad

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Open Access Article

14 - Criticism and Study of theTwo Colors Red and Green in Poems of Nazik Al-Malaika
Ali Piranishal Zohre Naemi Khadije Hashemi

     The color is the most striking element in forming sensory images of old and contemporary poets. Poets have used colorful words to objectify poetic images and to discover and explain the relationship between poetic images. Indeed Nazik Al-Malaika use More

     The color is the most striking element in forming sensory images of old and contemporary poets. Poets have used colorful words to objectify poetic images and to discover and explain the relationship between poetic images. Indeed Nazik Al-Malaika uses different  colors to interpret thoughts, emotions and feelings. Due to the importance and beauties of red and green in the poems of Nazik Al-Malaika, this article studies and criticizes these colors and their implications in his poems. The method of this research is descriptive-analytic and statistically based. Colors represented her emotions, grieves and joys ;However  in some delicate cases, she has taken advantage of non-genuine  position of colors and converted one color to another one as an element of beauty and induction of political and social concepts.. The poet’s great attention to colors, different meanings, symbolic implications and their beauties show that she has had an intelligent look at the moments of life and the nature around her. She was impressed by events, social and political changes and the selection of red  shows his interior desire toward effort and implies referents like love, liberty and modesty . The selection of green after red is a symbol of hope, life and  desire and fulfillment of desires.                                                                Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Aesthetics of Color in Motanabbi's Poems
Isa Mottaqizadeh Khatereh Ahmadi

Researches support that color is like a force that affects on nervous system and this effect is not less than music and sometimes it may be more than that. Poets throughout history have shown great interest in color, but this interest varies from time to time. As at Pre More

Researches support that color is like a force that affects on nervous system and this effect is not less than music and sometimes it may be more than that. Poets throughout history have shown great interest in color, but this interest varies from time to time. As at Pre-Islamic era, color was used in its original meaning in most situations and this view has slowly gone toward using color in symbolic meanings. As far as we can see poets of next eras especially in contemporary period use color in its symbolic meaning. Since the Abbasid period is golden period of Arabic literature and according to Motanabbi’s prominent situation among the poets of this period, we tried to study color in poems of this valuable poet using descriptive-analytic method and expressing color application in two symbolic and explicit kinds. It is observed that the poet sometimes uses the color in symbolic meaning and sometimes in original meaning and sometimes he uses both meanings together in a couplet. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Contemporary Arab Poets in Iran: The Case of Muhammad Mehdi Aljavaheri
Mehdi Naseri Rasul Dehghan Zad

After a brief introduction on the connection between Persian and Arabic literature this paper examines Al javaheri's impact of Iran. The paper is divided into three sections: the impact of the Iranian charming landscape  and nature on Javaheri's poetry; Javaheri an More

After a brief introduction on the connection between Persian and Arabic literature this paper examines Al javaheri's impact of Iran. The paper is divided into three sections: the impact of the Iranian charming landscape  and nature on Javaheri's poetry; Javaheri and Iranian poetry; and Javaheri's local color in Iran. The paper concludes with the general impact of Aljavaheri's journey to Iran during his youth and the embodiment of the fusion of vast landscapes and poetical vocations in his poetry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Dispersive solid-phase extraction for preconcentration of colored effluent in aqueous samples using magnetic carbon nanotubes modified with chitosan
ali moghimi Milad Abniki

In this study, a new technique of solid-phase extraction by chitosan-modified magnetic carbon nanotubes was used for small amounts of colored effluent as an indicator of bromocresol green in aqueous samples and measured by UV-VIS spectroscopy. This technique is a two-ph More

In this study, a new technique of solid-phase extraction by chitosan-modified magnetic carbon nanotubes was used for small amounts of colored effluent as an indicator of bromocresol green in aqueous samples and measured by UV-VIS spectroscopy. This technique is a two-phase system in which the donor phase is aqueous samples containing bromocresol green and the acceptor phase is the chitosan-activated magnetic carbon nanotubes. The experiments were performed in two stages of extraction from aqueous samples and desorption of bromocresol green dyes using ethanol solvent and then the desorbed samples were analyzed via UV-Vis spectrophotometry. This method is cheap, simple, fast, and compatible with many existing device methods. Extraction parameters such as the effect of organic solvent and adsorbent, pH of donor and acceptor phases, extraction time, stirring speed, volume of the donor were optimized and quantitative studies and measurements were performed under these optimal conditions. This technique has many advantages such as; short extraction time, low consumption of organic solvents, elimination of the effect of previous tests, low detection limit and high concentration factor. Acceptable values for concentration and diagnostic factors have been obtained for the extraction of bromocresol green dyes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - The use of DFT computational method to study the effect of physical factors on the pH range of color change of Azo indicator: Methyl red and Methyl Orange
ahdieh Sadeghpour Farzaneh Zanjanchi

Azo dyes are an important group of indicator that are used as pH sensors and can also be used in the structure of new sensors. In this research, a theoretical study has been conducted on the role of physical factors on the behavior of azo-halochromic dyes. The azo dyes More

Azo dyes are an important group of indicator that are used as pH sensors and can also be used in the structure of new sensors. In this research, a theoretical study has been conducted on the role of physical factors on the behavior of azo-halochromic dyes. The azo dyes studied in this paper are methyl red and methyl orange.The values obtained for the totomeric equilibrium constant show that the azo form of these indicators is more stable than their hydrazone form. Therefore, in this paper, only the relationship between acid-base equiblirum of azo form indicators is investigated. Also, the range of color change of pH indicators and the effect of physical factors on acid-base equiblirum of indicators will be examined. Studies show that increasing the temperature reduces the pH range of the color change of the indicators but the effect of pressure will decrease with increasing pressure, and the type of indicator will not affect this result.Studies also show that increasing polarity of the solvent and the use of isotopes of atoms will decrease the pH range of color change of the indicators. The method used in this research can be help the development of pH-sensitive sensors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Classification of the most important spectral factors extracted from Landsat-8 images in explaining the topsoil organic carbon in semi-steppe rangelands using exploratory factor analysis (EFA)
Saeedeh Nateghi Rostam Khalifehzadeh Mahshid Souri Morteza Khodagholi

10.30495/girs.2021.679186

Background and ObjectiveSoil organic carbon in rangeland ecosystems has a variety of functions such as increasing soil fertility, controlling erosion, increasing soil water permeability and, reducing the effects of greenhouse gases. Therefore, it is a key indicator in d More

Background and ObjectiveSoil organic carbon in rangeland ecosystems has a variety of functions such as increasing soil fertility, controlling erosion, increasing soil water permeability and, reducing the effects of greenhouse gases. Therefore, it is a key indicator in determining soil health that affects all physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. The large area of the country's rangelands causes a serious challenge to the use of traditional methods in estimating soil organic carbon. In such situations, the use of remote sensing capabilities can be considered as a suitable option for monitoring the organic carbon of the country's rangeland soils.  The aim of this study was to determine the most important spectral factors affecting topsoil organic carbon in two summer rangelands. Materials and Methods This research was carried out in two summer rangelands of Lazour and Asaran. The first rangeland (Lazour) with an area of 8150 hectares and an average height of 2875 meters is located in the range of eastern longitudes 52.514 to 52.694 degrees and northern latitudes 35.855 to 35.934 degrees in Tehran province. The second Rangeland (Asaran) with an area of 5642 hectares and an average height of 2465 meters is located in the range of eastern longitudes 53.265 to 53.392 degrees and northern latitudes 35.804 to 35.882 degrees in Semnan province. In this research, the data of the OLI sensor of the Landsat 8 satellite were used. After pre-processing satellite imagery of the studied areas, Top of Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance layers of bands 2 to 7 along with the variables of surface albedo, Clay index, Carbonate index, Grain Size index, NDVI, brightness, greenness, and wetness index of Tasseled cap transformation were calculated. In each of the target areas, using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) maps, the slope, aspect, and hypsometric maps were prepared and by combining the last three layers with each other, a map of homogeneous sampling units was obtained. Soil sampling was performed using the stratified-random sampling pattern. In this way, in each of the homogeneous units, according to its area, several soil samples were randomly taken from a depth of zero to 20 cm and the amount of organic carbon of the samples was measured using the Walkley-Black method. Results and Discussion The results of this study showed that the spectral variables of Top of Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance layers of bands 2 to 7 along with the variables of surface albedo, Clay index, NDVI, brightness, greenness, and wetness index of Tasseled cap transformation have a significant correlation with topsoil organic carbon (p < 0.01). Also, the results of factor analysis by principal component analysis (PCA) with eigenvalues greater than one showed that the total cumulative variance explained by the 12 variables is 91.74%, which was explained by two factors. The first factor (soil color) explained 76.6% of the variance and the second factor (vegetation and soil texture) explained 15.14% of the variance. Conclusion The results of this study confirm the existence of a significant relationship between topsoil organic carbon and spectral factors extracted from Landsat 8 OLI sensor data in semi-steppe rangelands. Because of the large area of rangelands in Iran, the use of traditional methods in estimating soil organic carbon is not possible due to the need to spend a lot of time and money. And in such situations, the use of Remote sensing (RS) capabilities can be considered as a suitable option for monitoring the topsoil organic carbon in the rangelands. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Histological,Molecular Examination and Nano-Garaphene Oxide and Antibiotic Synergistic Effect on E.coli Isolated from of Colorectal Cancer
Sedighe Mehrabian Azadeh Behzady Shahla Mohamad Ganji

Inroduction & Objective: One of the most important factors for colorectal cancer is bacterial infection. Infection with certain types of E.coli bacteria in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer can be started.The bacteria produce toxins general sec More

Inroduction & Objective: One of the most important factors for colorectal cancer is bacterial infection. Infection with certain types of E.coli bacteria in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer can be started.The bacteria produce toxins general secretary coliBaktyn as secondary metabolites intestinal bacteria microbiomeconditions provide for their pathogenicity. With impaired cell cycle triggers the development of colorectal cancer .The aim of this study due to bacteria becoming resistant E.colipks has colibaktyn, the use of nano antibiotics to eliminate the infection and ultimately prevent the development of colorectal cancer.Material and Method60Colon biopsies from patients referred to the clinic,30 samples from colorectal cancer patients and 30 samples from healthy subjects bowel disease and colon cancer, genes ofclbNclbBpks was a marker of genomic islands. Two samples isolated from patients and healthy individuals affected by E.coli pks common antibiotics treat intestinal and nanographene oxide inhibition diameters were measured using nano synergistic effect of antibiotics on the bacteria was measured. Results: The E.coli bacteria isolated from biopsy of colorectal cancer patients in the control group who were contained both genes meaning fulconection between the prevalence of bacteria E.coli contain clbB and clbN gene and colorectal cancer not founded. Bacteria isolated from colorectal cancer than the control group showed greater resistance to antibiotics. The synergism between antibiotics and graphene oxide nanoparticles were observed.Conclusions:The results of these genes in Iranian society comparedwith other communities research shows less frequent E.coli bacteria isolated from colorectal cancer resistant than the control sample Manuscript profile

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21 - Evidences Of colord lights in letters Of najmoddin-e kobras students
Behrooz Romiyani Masoomeh Bakhshizadeh

In each styles , school and period , though and special tendency see wich finally, that school or style distinguish other school. Among students of Kobravie's school, see special kind of steps evidences wich limited to this sect and branced sects. Evidencs is a kind More

In each styles , school and period , though and special tendency see wich finally, that school or style distinguish other school. Among students of Kobravie's school, see special kind of steps evidences wich limited to this sect and branced sects. Evidencs is a kind of the mysticism excite discussion,in addition to. that is confront with differences and contrast. This differences in influenced by point of view on groups of sufis.One of kinds of evi dences isevidence of colord light that propound by students of Kobravie school ;of cours they following najmoddin kobra,Kobravie's leader. Manuscript profile

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22 - The effects of some factors on the efficiency of Pheromone traps of Grapholita funebrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Fars province, Iran
Ali Salari Majid Fallahzadeh Mehrdad Tabrizian

Effect of color and design of the trap, dosage of pheromone component in rubber capsule and trap height on the efficiency of Grapholita (Aspila) funebrana Treitschke, 1835 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) pheromone traps were evaluated. The study was conducted in Bavanat of F More

Effect of color and design of the trap, dosage of pheromone component in rubber capsule and trap height on the efficiency of Grapholita (Aspila) funebrana Treitschke, 1835 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) pheromone traps were evaluated. The study was conducted in Bavanat of Fars province. A Randomized Complete Block Designused with four blocks and four replications in each block. To find the best trap color, yellow, green, brown, and white colors were tested. Using Duncan procedure, yellow and brown colors were significantly different from each other (P<0.01). Yellow and brown were ranked in a separate group, white and green were ranked in another group and were not significantly different (P<0.01). The majority of G. funebranamoths were caught in brown trap. To determine the best suitable trap design, three pheromone traps, Delta, Cylindrical and Wing shape, were tested. Delta with highest moth catches was superior in comparison with other trap designs. Three different heights, one meter from the ground, middle of the canopy of the tree and top of tree were tested on order to determine the role of the trap height on the efficiency of traps. The highest numbers of moths were caught in the traps which were positioned on the middle of the canopy of the trees. The doses of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg doses of the pheromones formulated in Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI) compared with a foreign rubber capsule (AgriSense, 1 mg). The results of the test revealed that the doses of 0.5 rubber capsule was superior and had more catch (P<0.01). The other doses were not significantly different (P<0.01). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Climatic color in the poetry of Mohammad Biabani
mohammad moradi pooran yosefipoor Fatemeh Ghafuri Mehdi abad

The poet Mohammad Biabanizadeh is from the southern climate. A climate that has sided with the sea and the land and is inextricably linked to the scorching heat. He was born in Bushehr and spent his childhood in the same city. The living environment and natural climate More

The poet Mohammad Biabanizadeh is from the southern climate. A climate that has sided with the sea and the land and is inextricably linked to the scorching heat. He was born in Bushehr and spent his childhood in the same city. The living environment and natural climate seem to have an ineffective effect on Asnan. Which examine these effects in the works of poets and writers under the title of climatic or local color. Local color or climatic character is a term that expresses these effects in the poetry of poets. It is with nature that in contemporary Iranian poetry, it first appeared in Nima's poetry and then in the poems of poets after him, it was noticed and welcomed. This research seeks to answer the question of why and to what extent Mohammad Biabani was able to reflect the southern climate in his poetry through the method of analytical-descriptive library study. And the results indicate that besides Boom His poems are full of climatic colors in all of his poems and the most prominent linguistic feature of his poems after Vazgani Archaism is the prominence of the color of climate and southern nature and his fondness and interest in his ecology. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Taxonomic value of flower morphology and spur in Persian Delphinium
Masoomeh Hasanbarani fariba Sharifnia Mostafa Assadi

The genus Delphinium belongs to the Delphinieae tribe and Ranunculaceae family; in Iran according to flora Iranica has 29 species with zygomorphic flower. In this study, the morphological information of flower and spur in Delphinium species was studied to determine the More

The genus Delphinium belongs to the Delphinieae tribe and Ranunculaceae family; in Iran according to flora Iranica has 29 species with zygomorphic flower. In this study, the morphological information of flower and spur in Delphinium species was studied to determine the importance of these characters in identifying species of this genus. Inflorescence condition, flower color, sepal flower, the color of sepals and petals comparative to each other, spur shape, spur curvature and spur tip were investigated. Statical analysis was conducted by SPSS software and cluster analysis was performed by Average linkage method. The results showed that flower color is one of the important traits in identifying Iranian Delphinium species, so that these genera are divided into two groups of yellow and non-yellow flower. Also, shape and spur curvature can differ from cylindrical, attenuate and inflatum. However, these character don’t correlate with distribution and the area where plant is grown. D. saniculifolium has a inflatum spur among specimens. Herbarium image of flower in different species are presented. Manuscript profile

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25 - Face Detection with methods based on color by using Artificial Neural Network
Reza Abbasgolizadeh Habib Izadkhah Ramin Meshkabadi

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26 - Studying the headdress of Kurdish-Turkmen men in North Khorasan
ZOHREH AMIRI FOROUTAGHEH Tahereh Azimzadeh Tehrani shahrbanoo delbari

10.30495/hstr.2022.1952741.1746

The garment of any ethnic group represents one of their cultural symbols, and headgear is the most distinctive one of them. The northern region of Khorasan has a special cultural diversity due to the habitat of various ethnic groups of Kurds, Turks, Tat and Turkmen. Men More

The garment of any ethnic group represents one of their cultural symbols, and headgear is the most distinctive one of them. The northern region of Khorasan has a special cultural diversity due to the habitat of various ethnic groups of Kurds, Turks, Tat and Turkmen. Men’s clothing in this area is among its components. The present paper seeks to study the design, color and material of Kurdish and Turkmen men’s clothing residing in this area. The study uses a descriptive-analytical method and library compilation and if necessary, conducts oral interviews with informed people and specialists in the field of clothing. The research results indicate that the headgear of these two ethnic groups has specific local names. They usually use Taqiyah with different designs and brown, milky and black colors made of wool. Some headgears are used by Turkmen men like Telpek and Sele and napkins are used by Kurdish men. In general, headgears are similar in terms of design, color and material, and differ mostly in terms of decoration and naming Manuscript profile

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27 - Parallel Jobs Scheduling with a Specific Due Date: Asemi-definite Relaxation-based Algorithm
Javad Behnamian

10.22094/joie.2017.599.1385

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28 - Evaluation of Quantitative, Qualitative and Tuber Yield Stability of 18 Promising Potato Clones in Ardabil Province
D. Hassanpanah H. Hassanabadi

Eighteen promising clones of potato along with four commercial cultivars (Savalan, Agria, Marfona and Lady-Rozeta) in randomized complete block design with three replications were evaluated at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil during 2010 an More

Eighteen promising clones of potato along with four commercial cultivars (Savalan, Agria, Marfona and Lady-Rozeta) in randomized complete block design with three replications were evaluated at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil during 2010 and 2011. Prior to and after harvest, traits like main stem number per plant, plant height, tuber number and weight per plant, total and marketable tuber yield, dry matter percentage, baking type, hollow heart, tuber inner ring and discoloration of raw tuber flesh after 24 hours were measured. Combined ANONA for quantitative traits showed that there were significant differences among promising clones and their interactions with year as to total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height, tuber average size, main stem number per plant and dry matter percentage. The results also showed the clones 397003-7, 396151-27, 397045-100 and Savalan (check) produced higher total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber size average and stable tuber yield. These clones produced high and mid-uniform tuber, yellow skin and flesh color, oval round, shallow eyes, very little hollow heart, tuber inner crack and tuber inner ring, mid-late maturity and mid and high dry in comparison to those of check. Based on results of this experiment, the clones 397003-7, 396151-27 and 397045-100 could be selected for Ardebil region. Manuscript profile

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29 - Design and fabrication of a new colorimetric sensor based on hematoxylin for freshness monitoring of shrimp during storage
S. Mazidi N. Nasirizadeh M. Mirjalili M. Rohani moghadam M. Shirgholami

10.30495/jfh.2021.1913879.1294

Shrimp is one of the seafood that its wholesomeness plays a major role in human health. Shrimp spoils very quickly due to having unsaturated fatty acids. However, with timely and early detection, many economic losses can be avoided. For this purpose, various methods are More

Shrimp is one of the seafood that its wholesomeness plays a major role in human health. Shrimp spoils very quickly due to having unsaturated fatty acids. However, with timely and early detection, many economic losses can be avoided. For this purpose, various methods are used to detect healthy shrimp from spoiled ones. The most common methods are the sensory and physical examination of shrimp, chemical and microbial tests. In this study, a colorimetric indicator was fabricated using biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol/Chitosan film based on the color changes of hematoxylin at different pH values. Changes in pH, total volatile basic nitrogen contents (TVBN), and colorimetric characteristics of shrimp specimens were examined by contact with this color indicator. The suggested indicator in response to pH shows a variety of colors ranging from light yellow to dark purple in mildly acidic to strong alkaline environments. The performance of the proposed indicator in the detection of shrimp freshness by contact and non-contact methods confirmed that does not necessarily need to be in direct contact with the shrimp and has the ability to show its reaction to the shrimp freshness even in the presence of shrimp. In addition, there is a strong correlation between the total volatile basic nitrogen contents due to shrimp spoilage and the color characteristics of the indicator. The results showed that the proposed indicator is good sensitive to pH changes and shows shrimp spoilage through color changes. Therefore, this colorimetric indicator can be easily used in smart packaging. Manuscript profile

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30 - Bandpass Biomedical Color Filter Based on 1-D Photonic Crystal Structure
Hamed Alipour-Banaei Navvab Khorrammaslack

10.30495/ijbbo.2021.689701

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31 - Proposing an Automated System for Differentiating between Healthy Individuals and Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy
Mina Ghayoor Hossein Pourghassem

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world, adversely affects different body organs. One of the most common causes of eye problems is diabetes. Analyzing retinal damage is one of the best ways to diagnose diabetes so one of the best ways to diagnose diabet More

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world, adversely affects different body organs. One of the most common causes of eye problems is diabetes. Analyzing retinal damage is one of the best ways to diagnose diabetes so one of the best ways to diagnose diabetes is to look at the damage to the retina. Hence, first, a highly applicable and effective method, which is a combination of the Wiener filter and the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), is used for the removal of noise from images. Afterward, the k-means clustering algorithm is used to remove the bad image sections including very light and very dark areas of the image. Next, the image color and shape features are extracted. We transfer the images to the lab space, which fits the eye more, to extract the image color features. To extract the image shape features, first the images are converted into grey images and then the shape features are extracted. After extracting the features, the number of features is reduced using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm. Besides, the best and most effective features are also selected. Finally, the support vector machine classifier with different kernel is used to classify the features and images into two categories, namely the healthy participants and patients. The accuracy resulting from this algorithm using the test images is over 90%. Manuscript profile

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32 - ککک
طاها مصطفایی فرزین مدرس خیابانی نیما جعفری نویمی پور بهروز دانشیان

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33 - Meat Qualities and Sensory Characteristics of Hararghe and Afar Rams Fed on Varying Energy and Protein Levels in the Diets
S. Gadissa M. Eshetu M. Urge A. Tolera F. Feyissa

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34 - تأثیر منابع مختلف رنگدانه‌های طبیعی بر رنگ و کیفیت تخم ‌مرغ مرغ‌های تغذیه شده با جیره برپایه گندم
K. Shahsavari

این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثرات منابع مختلف رنگدانههای طبیعی بر رنگ زرده تخم مرغ مرغهای تخمگذار انجام شد. طرح کاملاً تصادفی با شش تیمار و شش تکرار استفاده شد. شش تیمار تیمار آزمایشی شامل جیره شاهد حاوی ذرت زرد، جیره مرجع حاوی غلات گندم و جو جایگزین ذرت، جی More

این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثرات منابع مختلف رنگدانههای طبیعی بر رنگ زرده تخم مرغ مرغهای تخمگذار انجام شد. طرح کاملاً تصادفی با شش تیمار و شش تکرار استفاده شد. شش تیمار تیمار آزمایشی شامل جیره شاهد حاوی ذرت زرد، جیره مرجع حاوی غلات گندم و جو جایگزین ذرت، جیره پودر فلفل قرمز متشکل از جیره مرجع و 2 درصد پودر فلفل قرمز، جیره تفاله خشک شده گوجه فرنگی متشکل از جیره مرجع و 5 درصد تفاله خشک شده گوجه فرنگی، جیره تفاله خشک شده هویج شامل جیره مرجع و 5 درصد تفاله خشک شده هویج و جیره پودر یونجه متشکل از جیره مرجع و 5 درصد پودر یونجه بود. نتایج نشان دهنده تأثیر معنیدار تیمارها در وزن تخم مرغ، وزن توده تخم مرغ، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و رنگ زرده بود. در مجموع، در صورتی که هدف تولیدکنندگان ایجاد رنگ مطلوب در زرده باشد و عملکرد مورد توجه نباشد استفاده از پنج درصد پودر یونجه در جیرههای برپایه گندم- جو توصیه میگردد. Manuscript profile

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35 - Microsatellite Analysis DNA for Controlled Breeding of Cervidae and Genetic Breeding of White Colored Cervus elaphus in Czech Republic
M. Emst L. Putnova J. Pokoradi J. Matouskova R. Zidek L. Marsalkova J. Lamka

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36 - The Effect of Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum) and Marigold Flower (Tageteserectus) Powder on Egg Production, Egg Yolk Color and Some Blood Metabolites of Laying Hens
M.M. Moeini S.H. Ghazi S. Sadeghi M. Malekizadeh

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37 - Polymorphisms in Melanocortin Receptor 1 Gene in Goat Breeds: A Window for Coat Color Controling Mechanism
آ. جوانمرد ب. عارف نژاد ر. عبداللهی آرپناهی م.ح. مرادی

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38 - Explaining the anthropological components of historical houses in the eighth region of Tabriz
azam masoudi gogani khosrow afzalian mohsen tabasi hadi sarvari mahdi sahragard

Introduction: The main axis of this research deals with the method of creating and developing architecture based on the qualities that respect the relationship with space and the way of human life under the influence of light and color, instead of using criteria such as More

Introduction: The main axis of this research deals with the method of creating and developing architecture based on the qualities that respect the relationship with space and the way of human life under the influence of light and color, instead of using criteria such as dimensions and size. How does natural colored light affect improving the psychological performance of housing? What are some ways to help reduce people's stress? It seems that the use of colored glass in homes can have a positive effect on people and psychology. Also, the use of colored glass in the residence can reduce stress and anxiety caused by the external environment.Research Aim: The current research aims to explain the anthropological components of historical buildings with an analytical approach in three neighborhoods of Tabriz's barou area; Maghsodieh, Sorkhab, and Sheshgolan with the valuable concepts of anthropology and psychology of light and color of the second Qajar period of Tabriz.Methodology: The present research was done with the descriptive-analytical method. The research approach is a combined approach with a sequential strategy (qualitative-quantitative). Necessary data were obtained with the researcher-made questionnaire, observation, and semi-structured interviews. The statistical population of the research was the 8th urban area of Tabriz, which had 123 residents and was questioned as a whole. Data analysis was done using the factor analysis method.Studied Areas: The geographical scope of this research is the historical houses of Tabriz city.Results: The findings indicate that the transmissive surface (72%) of the sash crown is in order from more to less with red (14%), blue (12%), green (11.5%), and yellow (4.5%) colors. %), it is covered from the top to the bottom, but the combination of red color with other colors has balanced the effects of this color to a great extent. The survey of residents and experts and the findings of the analysis of the confirmatory factor have been such that the purpose of organizing spaces such as two-door, three-door, five-door, and two-door in the Qajar houses of Tabriz as well as elements such as sashes and mirrors according to the characteristics of light and Color has been the symbolic identity of light, meaning, excitement, visual continuity, spatial diversity, landscape, etc.Conclusion: As a result, the important characteristics of light and color by the method of factor analysis in 6 readability factors with a share of 12.869, desirability 11.8, pleasantness 11.4, spirit and mood 10.7, adaptability and flexibility 9.9 and interaction 6.3 The interior spaces of historical houses were explored and presented in the form of proposed models. Manuscript profile

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39 - پیش‌بینی مراحل نمو گل رز شاخه بریده و تنوع رنگ برگ به کمک روش آنالیز تصویر
Mansour Matloobi سپیده طهماسبی محمد رضا دادپور

پیشبینی مراحل رشد محصول، بهخصوص زمان برداشت آن نقش بسیار  مهمی در برنامهریزی تولیدات گلخانهای دارد. مطالعات فراوانی از کاربرد  فنآوری تجزیه و تحلیل تصاویر دیجیتال برای تخمین رفتار رشدی محصول در گلخانه وجود دارد. در مطالعه حاضر تغییرات More

پیشبینی مراحل رشد محصول، بهخصوص زمان برداشت آن نقش بسیار  مهمی در برنامهریزی تولیدات گلخانهای دارد. مطالعات فراوانی از کاربرد  فنآوری تجزیه و تحلیل تصاویر دیجیتال برای تخمین رفتار رشدی محصول در گلخانه وجود دارد. در مطالعه حاضر تغییرات مشخصات رنگی برگ  چهار رقم  تجاری گل رز در طول زمان با استفاده از پردازش تصاویر رنگی توسط نرمافزار image j و فضای رنگ RGB مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل  نشان داد که ارتباط بالایی بین اجزای رنگ برگ و مرحله رشد ساقه در ارقام دارای گلهای سفید رنگ (R2 = 0.986) و ارقام گل رنگی (R2 = 0.94) وجود دارد و همچنین تفاوت معنیداری بین اجزای رنگ در برگهای لایههای مختلف ساقه مشاهده شد. همچنین همبستگی خوبی بین اندازهگیری مستقیم کلروفیل کل توسط روش اسپکتروفتومتری و شاخص کلروفیل به وسیله SPAD بدست آمد. در بین مدلهای بررسی شده معلوم شد مدل خطی و مدل نمایی عملکرد بهتری در ایجاد رابطه منطقی بین دادههای حاصل از ارتفاع ساقه و تغیرات رنگ برگ دارند، هرچند تفاوتهایی در این زمینه بین ارقام مشاهده شد. توانایی روش آنالیز تصویری در تشخیص غیر مخرب تغییرات رنگی در بین لایههای برگی و برقراری یک پیوند معنیدار و منطقی بین تغییرات رشد ساقه ارزشمند و در خور توجه تشخیص داده شد. توسعه این مدل برای سایر ارقام رز گلخانهای مهم میتواند ابزار قوی و قابل اطمینانی در اختیار تولید کنندگان رزهای گلخانهای قرار دهد تا بتوانند به کمک آن برنامههای تولید را تنظیم و زمان برداشت محصول و بازاررسانی را پیشبینی کنند.  Manuscript profile

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40 - A study of operators’ computing efficiency with special focus on the readability under different viewing angles of a desktop
Z. Maillck Mohammad Asjad

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41 - A new Simulated Annealing algorithm for the robust coloring problem
M.A Gutiérrez-Andrade P Lara-Velázquez S.G de-los-Cobos-Silva

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42 - Chromotherapy in the Field of Advanced Pranic Healing: A case of Persian to English
Zahra Derafshi Gholam-Reza Abbasian

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43 - Recognizing the Behaviors of the Sālek in Musibat-Nāmeh of Attār; Based on Max Lüscher's Psychology of Colors
Fereshteh Nāsseri

The poems of a poet reflect his/her various moods, so the colors used in his/her poems can lead the way in identifying the reactions and behaviors of the poet. The visionary experience of poet-mystics which is based on a symbolic language can be better expressed by More

The poems of a poet reflect his/her various moods, so the colors used in his/her poems can lead the way in identifying the reactions and behaviors of the poet. The visionary experience of poet-mystics which is based on a symbolic language can be better expressed by using colors and its related terms. By using descriptive-analytical method and based on the Max Lüscher's psychology of colors, the present article attempts to re-read Musibat-Nāmeh, written by Attār of Nishapur. The results show that categorization of colors in Musibat-Nāmeh, from left to right, is as follows in order of preference:  (7+3+4×2×1=5=0-6-). According to Lüscher, such prioritization by the sālek (the holy traveler) implies that he/she suffers from separation from the Divine world (7+3+); but he/she hopes to achieve a better situation and to overcome many of the limitations of the material world (4×2×). In this way, he/she doesn't find any tranquilizing environment and hides his/her thoughts from strangers and shares them with close people (1=5=). According to Musibat-Nāmeh, the sālek looks for an opportunity to improve his/her spiritual states by purification of the soul. By this way, he/she can obtain his/her pervious dignity in the Divine world (0-6- ).   Manuscript profile

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44 - Anatomy of Colored Revolutions and Its Effect in Iran
Mohammadali Khosravi Davood Bayat

Abstract Colored revolution is one of the new methods of changing a regime in the past two decades which is mostly against old political systems and remained from the Eastern European countries and independent republics of the former Soviet Union. During the last two d More

Abstract Colored revolution is one of the new methods of changing a regime in the past two decades which is mostly against old political systems and remained from the Eastern European countries and independent republics of the former Soviet Union. During the last two decades, changes have occurred in the Czechoslovakia, Georgia, Ukraine and Kirghizia which resulted to the changing of ruled regime without bloodshed and violence. Tranquility revolution era began from 1989 and now is in the plan of great powers especially the U.S. imperialist state. This change is concentrated on a soft implication and non-violence method for changing of rulers and governments. These revolutions mostly designed by the U.S. organizations and happened in the countries which are not accepted western styles and their patterns and their common slogan have mostly focused on the liberalism. This paper attempts to analyze anatomy of colored revolutions and the reasons of failure of this pattern in the Islamic Republic of Iran.     Manuscript profile

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45 - The Chromatic Number of the Square of the Cartesian Product of Cycles and Paths
Sajad Sohrabi Hesan Freydoon Rahbarnia Mostafa Tavakoli

10.30495/ijm2c.2022.1954367.1250

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46 - Evaluation effects of different temperature levels and duration on seedling growth of five rice varieties
A. Fallah M. Abdi Najad Kshtly H. Elyasi

The main cold damage occurs in germination and seedling growth stages. To examine the effect of cold stress effects on rice seedling growth was carried out a greenhouse experiments in Deputy of Rice Research Institute in Mazandaran (Amol) since 2010. The basic design wa More

The main cold damage occurs in germination and seedling growth stages. To examine the effect of cold stress effects on rice seedling growth was carried out a greenhouse experiments in Deputy of Rice Research Institute in Mazandaran (Amol) since 2010. The basic design was conducted a completely randomized with split plot factorial experiment in 3 replicates with different temperature levels (10, 13, 16, 32 ° C) and its duration (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 days) on five varieties of rice (Dialam, line 843, Tarom, Fajr, Shiroudi). The varieties were designed as main plot and and temperature levels  and duration of thermal treatment in sub-plot. The seedlings were placed in normal growth conditions until the 3-2 leaf stage seedlings age (12-8 days) and then transferred to a growth chamber and were treated at 10, 13, 16 ° C for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 day. After the treatment, four seedlings from each replicate were selected and growth characters such as height, seedling dry weight (dry weight of shoot + root), sensitivity index, leaf area and color were measured. Results showed that among the varieties, the stress intensity, stress duration and their interaction effects were a significant probability of 1% for all traits in the seedling stage in which reflects the severity and duration of cold stress on the varieties is discussed. Low temperatures were reduced, the growth rate of seedlings up to 10 -50% compared with control treatment. Low temperatures (10 oc) were decreased new roots production and seedling dry weight in which 60% reduction compared to 32oc treatment. Temperature was caused discoloration of lamina and the color of the leaves of rice seedlings after exposure to cold stress conditions could be concluded, each variety is greener leaf color of seedlings with less damage and is more tolerant to cold. Tarom and Shiroudi varieties compared to other varieties more tolerant to cold stress, however, Fajr variety was more sensitive.  Manuscript profile

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47 - Evaluation effects of different temperature levels and duration on seedling growth of five rice varieties
A. Fallah M. Abdi Najad Kshtly H. Elyasi

The main cold damage occurs in germination and seedling growth stages. To examine the effect of cold stress effects on rice seedling growth was carried out a greenhouse experiments in Deputy of Rice Research Institute in Mazandaran (Amol) since 2010. The basic design wa More

The main cold damage occurs in germination and seedling growth stages. To examine the effect of cold stress effects on rice seedling growth was carried out a greenhouse experiments in Deputy of Rice Research Institute in Mazandaran (Amol) since 2010. The basic design was conducted a completely randomized with split plot factorial experiment in 3 replicates with different temperature levels (10, 13, 16, 32 ° C) and its duration (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 days) on five varieties of rice (Dialam, line 843, Tarom, Fajr, Shiroudi). The varieties were designed as main plot and and temperature levels  and duration of thermal treatment in sub-plot. The seedlings were placed in normal growth conditions until the 3-2 leaf stage seedlings age (12-8 days) and then transferred to a growth chamber and were treated at 10, 13, 16 ° C for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 day. After the treatment, four seedlings from each replicate were selected and growth characters such as height, seedling dry weight (dry weight of shoot + root), sensitivity index, leaf area and color were measured. Results showed that among the varieties, the stress intensity, stress duration and their interaction effects were a significant probability of 1% for all traits in the seedling stage in which reflects the severity and duration of cold stress on the varieties is discussed. Low temperatures were reduced, the growth rate of seedlings up to 10 -50% compared with control treatment. Low temperatures (10 oc) were decreased new roots production and seedling dry weight in which 60% reduction compared to 32oc treatment. Temperature was caused discoloration of lamina and the color of the leaves of rice seedlings after exposure to cold stress conditions could be concluded, each variety is greener leaf color of seedlings with less damage and is more tolerant to cold. Tarom and Shiroudi varieties compared to other varieties moretolerant to cold stress, however, Fajr variety was more sensitive. Manuscript profile

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48 - Laboratory Evaluation of the Effect of Common Snacks Consumption on Oral Saliva pH
Farzaneh Shirani Hassan Mollahasani Mohammadreza Malekipour Maryam Rahmatizadeh

10.22034/jchr.2022.1961530.1575

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49 - Assessment of Sodium Benzoate and Potassium Sorbate Preservatives and Artificial Color in Bulk Tomato Paste Samples in Qazvin, Iran
Peyman Ghajarbeygi Azam Rahimi Niaraki Ali Soltani Abkenar Razzagh Mahmoudi Fatemeh Jalilevand Ali Sadeghi Niaraki Ahad Alizadeh

10.22034/jchr.2022.1948285.1481

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50 - Fabrication Smart pH Bionanocomposite Film Based on Biocompatible Polymer and Roslle Calyx Extract/Nano-Zinc Oxide for Monitoring Rainbow Trout Fillets
Naeimeh sheykholeslami Saghar Sadat Zavareh Tabatabaee Shahriyar Sheykhi Anna Etemadi Razlighi Neda Fallah Maria Elizabeth

This work aimed to make a smart biofilm based on tapioca starch/bovine gelatin and roselle calyx extract (RCE)/nanofiller-ZnO. Then the utilization of the biofilm was studied to monitor the rainbow trout fillets. The biofilms were fabricated by casting the starch/gelati More

This work aimed to make a smart biofilm based on tapioca starch/bovine gelatin and roselle calyx extract (RCE)/nanofiller-ZnO. Then the utilization of the biofilm was studied to monitor the rainbow trout fillets. The biofilms were fabricated by casting the starch/gelatin solution with sorbitol /glycerol (3.2g) on casting plates and were dried at 25C. RCE was added into biofilms (0.5 g for TP/RCE/ZnO-N and 2g for TP/RCE), and the biofilm characteristics, such as thickness, color, and antioxidant properties were investigated. The films containing nanofiller-ZnO/RCE and RCE showed significantly (p0.05) more antioxidant activity than the neat film which respective values of 18.31 11.42 and 3.1. The thickness of the smart films significantly increased (p0.05) from 0.08 to 0.13 by the addition of RCE/nanofiller ZnO into the solution. According to the results, a value was significantly higher (p0.05) in smart film with nanofiller-ZnO/RCE and RCE. The lowest L* value was obtained in film with nanofiller-ZnO/RCE. At the end of the conservation, the TVB-N value reached 35.7 mg N/100 and with the TVB-N significantly increase (p0.05), the color properties of the smart films also changed. The color of the biofilm was purple, but the a value significantly decreased. Therefore, the film based tapioca starch/bovine gelatin/nanofiller ZnO/RCE can be applied as a natural indicator of rainbow trout fillets. Manuscript profile

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51 - Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of Colorant Extracted from Red Onion Skin
Sara Moosazad Peyman Ghajarbeigi Razzagh Mahmoudi Saeed Shahsavari Roghayeh Vahidi Ali Soltani

10.22034/jchr.2019.668188

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52 - Effect of Selenium-Enriched Yeast Supplementation on Microbial Spoilage and Lambs’ Meat Quality during Shelf Life
G. Velázquez-Garduño M.D. Mariezcurrena-Berasain M.A. Mariezcurrena-Berasain E.D. Archundia-Velarde D. Giron-Orozco

The aim of the current research was to evaluate the effect of selenium-enriched yeast supplementation on microbial spoilage and the biochemical quality of lamb meat during shelf life. Nine Pelibuey lambs (Ovis aries) were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: a More

The aim of the current research was to evaluate the effect of selenium-enriched yeast supplementation on microbial spoilage and the biochemical quality of lamb meat during shelf life. Nine Pelibuey lambs (Ovis aries) were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: a control without selenium supplementation (T1), and two supplemented with selenium enriched yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Selyeast 3000TM enriched yeast, LFA Lesaffre) with either 0.35 mg/kg (T2) or 0.60 mg/kg of selenium (T3), respectively, for 60 days. Microbiological spoilage and biochemical characteristics were evaluated during 0, 3, 6, and 9 days post-slaughter under refrigeration conditions (4 ˚C). Immediately after slaughter, no significant differences were found in aerobic plate count, fecal coliforms count, psychrophiles, pH, a* (Redness), and b* (Yellowness) among treatments. However, statistical differences (P<0.05) were observed within treatments in Psychro-philic, pH, L*(Lightness), and b* along the storage period; pH values decreased in all groups during stor-age, nevertheless higher doses of Se kept the highest pH values by the end of the observation period. As expected, there was a significant positive high correlation between day and b* (rxy=0.83; P<0.001), and a negative high correlation between pH and b* (rxy=-0.82; P<0.001). Selenium antioxidant and antimicrobial effect on meat did not result as expected and it’s hypothesized that an extreme care of animal and meat sanitary manipulation minimized its effect. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Effect of Lighting Schedule during Incubation on Embryonic Development and Bone Gene (Col10a1, Spp1, Bglap, and Alp) Expression in Broiler Hatchlings
S.M. Hashemian M.J. Zamiri Z. Khaksar Z. Ansari Pirsaraei H.R. Moradi

We studied the effect of lighting during 19 days of incubation on embryonic bone characteristics, gene ex-pression, thyroid hormones, and glucose in Cobb broiler hatchlings. Eggs (2160) were incubated under darkness (control) and green and white lighting (16D:8L and 12D More

We studied the effect of lighting during 19 days of incubation on embryonic bone characteristics, gene ex-pression, thyroid hormones, and glucose in Cobb broiler hatchlings. Eggs (2160) were incubated under darkness (control) and green and white lighting (16D:8L and 12D:12L). On 19th day, tibiotarsal length in-creased under eight hours of white light, and femoral ossified length was longer under eight hours of white and green light. In femur, expression of Alp, Col10a1, and Spp1 increased by 12 h white and 8 h green lighting, and Bglap expression decreased under white. In tibiotarsus, expression of Alp decreased by 8 h lighting (green or white) while Bglap increased by 12 h lighting (green or white). Tibiotarsal expression of Col10a1 increased by 12 h lighting (white and green), and in 8 h green lighting, and Spp1 expression was higher under light illumination. The hatchling blood triiodothyronine concentration in 8 h green lighting was higher than that in control, whereas, thyroxine concentration was lower under 12 h white lighting com-pared with other treatments. Femoral organic matter to mineral (OM:M) ratio and calcium concentration were higher in the eight-hour white light group than in the control, but tibiotarsal OM:M ratio and calcium and phosphorus concentrations were higher under 12 h white light. The findings indicated that lighting dur-ing incubation may impact, both positively and negatively, bone morphology and gene expression. More studies are needed to find the most beneficial lighting system during incubation in chickens. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - Determination of nitrogen fertilizer requirement on sorghum based on leaf color chart
Ali Izi Mohammad Armin Esmaiel Filekesh

Nowadays, implementation of simple and efficient methods for determining nitrogen needs has been considered in various plants. The simplest and most efficient methods for appreciate nitrogen requirement determination is leaf color chart (LCC). To determine of nitrogen f More

Nowadays, implementation of simple and efficient methods for determining nitrogen needs has been considered in various plants. The simplest and most efficient methods for appreciate nitrogen requirement determination is leaf color chart (LCC). To determine of nitrogen fertilizer requirement in forage sorghum using leaf color chart, an experiment was conducted as factorial arrangement based on complete randomized block design with three replications at Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station of Sabzevar in 2012 growing season. The factors were nitrogen rate in four levels including conventional (150), 25, 50, and 75 kg.ha-1 N and LCC scores was less than 4 and 5. The highest plant height, leaf dry weight, number of leaves per plant, biological yield and protein percentage were obtained in 75 and 50 kg.ha-1 nitrogen application. Using different amounts of nitrogen with reduction of LCC to 5 led to higher plants, more leaf dry weight, leaf numbers per plant, biological yield and protein content than using nitrogen with reduction of LCC to 4. On the whole, 50 kg.ha1 nitrogen with reduction of LCC to 5 was the best treatment for the highest quantity and quality yield achievement for forage sorghum. Also, LCC can be applied easily to determine sorghum nitrogen equipment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - Effect of aeration and topdressing on quantitative and qualitative traits of Lolium grass
Mahboubeh Ghazali Mohammad Reza Nouri Abouzar Rahmati

Traffic and over irrigation cause to compress soil in lawn area. Soil compaction considered is undesirable because it reduces hydraulic conductivity and water infiltration and increase evaporation in soil surface. The foctorial experiment was conducted to evaluate effec More

Traffic and over irrigation cause to compress soil in lawn area. Soil compaction considered is undesirable because it reduces hydraulic conductivity and water infiltration and increase evaporation in soil surface. The foctorial experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of aereation (punching 1 cm diameter holles on the surface in a regular grid pattern) and topdressing techniques on lolium grass.We initialed aeration in 3 level (5×5, 10×5 cm spacing and no aeration) and 2 level topdressing (with topdressing and without topdressing) with sand and compost were performed to investigate their influence on grow of luliom lawn in the city of Isfahan in june 2010. Height and weight of grass, rate of leaf color and leaf density were measured in 3 times 10, 70 and 130 days after aeration and topdressing. Results show that weight, height and color of lawn leaf significantly greater with topdressing. The aeration with 10×5 cm spacing with topdressing was highest infiltration, in addition, weight, height and color of the lawn leaves rate increased compared to control treatment. The results can be advised for maintaining acceptable weight, height and color grass leaves is sufficient. lawn Aeration only, recommended in flood area to control runoff and further intake to soil. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - Performance characteristics, and Behavior Indices of Broiler Chickens in Response to Color and Form of the Feed
nn nn مجید طغیانی

Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of feed color or feed form on feed preference, growth performance, and behavior indices of broilers. In experiment 1, 60 one-day-old broilers were dis-tributed in 3 vast floor pens whereby broilers of each pen w More

Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of feed color or feed form on feed preference, growth performance, and behavior indices of broilers. In experiment 1, 60 one-day-old broilers were dis-tributed in 3 vast floor pens whereby broilers of each pen were offered a non-colored feed as well as green, blue, and red colored diets. Broilers preferred to consume higher amounts of green or non-colored feed than those offered with blue and red diets (P<0.05) across the entire rearing period. In experiment 2, 240 one-day-old broilers were assigned to one of 4 treatments, comprising five replicates per treatment in a com-pletely randomized design. Dietary treatments included a control (non-colored diet) and diets with blue, green, or red colors. The most significant duration of tonic immobility was observed in broilers fed red feed, while the lowest duration was observed in birds fed blue diet (P<0.05). Feeding, preening, and aggres-sive behavior were higher in birds fed on green feed than those received a control diet (P<0.05). In experi-ment 3, 360 one- day-old chicks were allotted to 6 experimental treatments of a non-colored mash diet; non-colored pelleted feed; non-colored mash + non-colored pelleted diet; non-colored mash + blue color pel-leted feed; non-colored mash + green color pelleted feed; and non-colored mash + red color pelleted feed. Broilers fed non-colored pelleted feed had the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the starter, grow-ing, and entire rearing periods (P<0.05). Overall, broilers preferred to consume a colored diet. Feeding pel-leted feed improved the growth performance of broilers regardless of feed color. Manuscript profile

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