تأثیر منابع مختلف رنگدانه‌های طبیعی بر رنگ و کیفیت تخم ‌مرغ مرغ‌های تغذیه شده با جیره برپایه گندم

Subject Areas : Camel

K.  Shahsavari ¹ (Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran)

Received: 2014-03-21 Accepted : 2014-05-31 Published : 2015-03-01

Keywords: رنگدانه, مرغ تخمگذار, کاروتنویید, کیفیت تخم ‌مرغ, زرده تخم ‌مرغ,

Abstract :

این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثرات منابع مختلف رنگدانه­های طبیعی بر رنگ زرده تخم ­مرغ مرغ­های تخمگذار انجام شد. طرح کاملاً تصادفی با شش تیمار و شش تکرار استفاده شد. شش تیمار تیمار آزمایشی شامل جیره شاهد حاوی ذرت زرد، جیره مرجع حاوی غلات گندم و جو جایگزین ذرت، جیره پودر فلفل قرمز متشکل از جیره مرجع و 2 درصد پودر فلفل قرمز، جیره تفاله خشک شده گوجه ­فرنگی متشکل از جیره مرجع و 5 درصد تفاله خشک شده گوجه ­­فرنگی، جیره تفاله خشک شده هویج شامل جیره مرجع و 5 درصد تفاله خشک شده هویج و جیره پودر یونجه متشکل از جیره مرجع و 5 درصد پودر یونجه بود. نتایج نشان دهنده تأثیر معنی­دار تیمارها در وزن تخم ­مرغ، وزن توده تخم ­مرغ، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و رنگ زرده بود. در مجموع، در صورتی که هدف تولیدکنندگان ایجاد رنگ مطلوب در زرده باشد و عملکرد مورد توجه نباشد استفاده از پنج درصد پودر یونجه در جیره­های برپایه گندم- جو توصیه می­گردد.

References:

Ali A., Al-Asgah N.A., Al-Ogaily S.M. and Ali S. (2003). Effect of feeding different levels of alfalfa meal on the growth performance and body composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Asian Fish. Sci. 16,59-67.
Angeles M. and Scheideler S. (1998). Effect of diet, level and source of xantophyll on hen performance and egg yolk pigmentation. Poult. Sci. 77(1),1-18.
AOAC. (1990). Official Methods of Analysis. Vol. I. 15^th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA.
Calislar S. and Uygur G. (2010). Effects of dry tomato pulp on egg yolk pigmentation and some egg yield characteristics of laying hens. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 9(1), 96-98.
De-Groote G. (1970). Research on egg yolk pigmentation and its practical application. Worldۥs Poult. Sci. J. 20, 435-441.
Delgado-Vargas F. (1997). Pigments of the flower cempxuchitl (Tagetes erecta). Physiochemical characterization, processing, and pigmenting efficiency. Ph D. Thesis. National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico.
Dotas D., Zamanidis S. and Balios J. (1999). Effect of dried tomato pulp on the performance and egg traits of laying hens. Br. Poult. Sci. 40(5), 695-697.
El Baushly A.R. and Raterink R.V. (1989). Various aspects of egg yolk pigmentation explored. Feedstuffs. 30,41-43.
Fletcher D.L. and Halloran R.H. (1981). An evaluation of a commercially available marigold concentrate and paprika oleoresin on egg yolk pigmentation. Poult. Sci. 60,1846-1854.
Garcia E.A., Mendes A.A., Pizzolante C.C., Gonçalves H.C., Oliveira R.P. and Silva M.A. (2002). Effect of cantaxantina levels on performance and egg quality of laying hens. Br.J.Poult. Sci. 4,1-4.
Gregoriades G.I., Madzaris J.E. and Moustakas S.G. (1984). Feeding laying hens in groups on floor with diets containing dried tomato pulp. Agric. Res. 8,75-82.
Gurbuz Y., Yasar S. and Karaman M. (2003). Effects of addition of the red pepper from 4^th harvest to corn or wheat based diets on egg-yolk colour and egg production in laying hens.Int. J. Poult. Sci.2(2), 107-111.
Hasin B.M., Ferdaus A.J.M., Islam M.A., Uddin M.J. and Islam M.S. (2006). Marigold and orange skin as egg yolk color promoting agents. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 5(10), 979-987.
Haugh R.R. (1937). The Haugh unit for measuring egg quality. US Egg Poult. Mag. 43,552-555.
Holder D.P. and Bradford M.V. (1979). Relationship of specific gravity of chicken eggs to number of cracked eggs and percent shell. Poult. Sci. 58,250-251.
Hoppe P.P. (1998). Pigmenting efficacy of marigold products examined in poultry. Feedstuffs. 60, 54-56.
Jafari M., Pirmohammadi R. and Bampidis V. (2006). The use of dried tomato pulp in diets of laying hens. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 5(7), 618-622.
Karunajeewa H. (1980). The deposition of synthetic oxycaroenoids in egg yolks. World^ۥs Poult. Sci. J. 36, 219-226.
Mitsuhiro F., Nakajima S., Miagawa S., Nakagawa J. and Okumura J. (1994). Feeding behavior, abdominal fat and laying performance in laying hens given diets containing red pepper. Japanize Poult. Sci. 31,45-52.
NRC. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9^th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA.
Page A.L., Miller R.H. and Keeny O.R. (1982). Methods of Soil Analysis. Soil Science Society of America, Madison.
Papa C.M., Fletcher D.L. and Halloran H.R. (1985). Utilization and yolk colouring capacity of xanthophylls from synthetic and high xanthophylls concentration. Poult. Sci. 64, 1464-1469.
Saha P.K., Chowdhury S.D., Das S.C. and Saha S.K. (1999). Replacement value of two Bangladeshi varieties of yellow corn for wheat in the diet of laying chicken. Asia-australs J. Anim. Sci. 12(5), 776-782.
Santos-Bocanegra E., Ospina-Oscario X. and Oviedo-Rondon E.O. (2004). Evaluation of xanthophylls extracted from tagetes erectus (Marigold flower) and capsicum sp. (Red pepper paprika) as a pigment for egg-yolk compare with synthetic pigments. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 3(11), 685-689.
SAS Institute. (2002). SAS^®/STAT Software, Release 8.01. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC.
Saxena P.N., Shyam M.R., Srivastava V.A., Doval H.K.P. and Sinha D. (1982). Effect of feeding sewage-grown Spirulina on yolk pigmentation of White Leghorn eggs. Avi. Res. 66, 41-46.
Skider A.C., Chowdhury S.D., Rashid M.A., Sarker A.K. and Das S.C. (1998). Use of dried carrot meal (DCM) in laying hen diet for egg yolk pigmentation. Asia-australas J. Anim. Sci. 11, 239-244.
Soto Salanova M.F. (2003). Natural pigments: practical experiences. Pp. 67-75 in Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. P.C. Garnsworthy and J. Wiseman, Eds. Nottingham University Press. Nottingham, UK.
Vulleumier J.P. (1969). The Roche colour fan-an instrument for measuring yolk colour. Poult. Sci. 35, 226-227.
Wiseman J. (1987). Feeding of Non-ruminant Livestock. Butterworths, London, UK.
Yannakopoulos A.L., Tservenic-Gousi A.S. and Christtaki E.V. (1992). Effect of locally produced tomato meal on the performance and the egg quality of laying hens. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 36, 53-57.
Zahroojian N., Moravej H. and Shivazad M. (2011). Comparison of marine algae (Spirulina platensis) and synthetic pigment in enhancing egg yolk colour of laying hens. Br. Poult. Sci. 52(5), 584-588.