teymoor Amar Articles List

Open Access Article

1 - On the Analysis of the Role of Capacity Making in Reducing the Risk of Natural Hazards (Earthquakes) in Rural Areas (Case Study: Anjirab Rural District. Gorgan County)
hosein mosazadeh teymur Amar mehdi khodadad

Rural areas are the first vulnerable region in the face of natural hazards and are not insured against such risks. These areas, depending on their geographical location is affected by specific natural hazards due to more extreme poverty and the limited knowledge and tec More

Rural areas are the first vulnerable region in the face of natural hazards and are not insured against such risks. These areas, depending on their geographical location is affected by specific natural hazards due to more extreme poverty and the limited knowledge and technology compared to other human settlements against natural hazards are more vulnerable. For this reason, use of the potential of rural areas to reduce vulnerability is imperative. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of creating capacity in the Anjirab rural district to reduce the amount of possible damages caused by earthquake. The purpose has been used descriptive - analytical method and field surveys. The study population was Anjirab rural district at Gorgan city which 4 populated village of this rural district, including Mohammadabad, Akbarabad, Zangian and Sadabad is selected and 200 heads of households were selected using Cochran formula and questionnaire was distributed randomly between them. Results obtained using the Friedman test and Spearman Spss software represent Anjirab rural district high capacity in physical- spatial and institutional dimensions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The Relationship between Imam Relief Committee Policies and Economic Empowerment Indicators for Rural Covered Households Case Study: Central District of Guilan Province
Alireza Mohammadi Teymour Amar Nasrollah Molaeihashjin

20.1001.1.25385968.1401.17.3.1.5

Empowerment is one of the new ways of development aimed at improving performance, increasing productivity, capacity utilization and preparing for future challenges.The term 'empowerment' generally means the capacity of the individual or group to determine their own affa More

Empowerment is one of the new ways of development aimed at improving performance, increasing productivity, capacity utilization and preparing for future challenges.The term 'empowerment' generally means the capacity of the individual or group to determine their own affairs. The term has been widely used in a variety of fields including psychology, management, education, women's studies and sociology. In this research the issue of economic empowerment of rural households covered by Imam Relief Committee regarding the main policies of this committee in the central area of Guilan province using was studied using questionnaire technique by the number of 345 cases.Based on the results of the study, among the two indicators studied in the economic sector, which were qualitatively examined through the Likert spectrum, the subsistence level of households with a mean score of 2.52 is better than the financial independence index. In second place is the level of financial independence of clients with a mean score of 2.45.Based on the results of the study, among the four policies studied, Satisfaction with the credit guidance policy of targeting subsidies to households with a mean score of 2.78 is ranked first. In second place is satisfaction with insurance service policy with average score of 2.67. Satisfaction with the policies of rural housing provision and repayment of credit are also ranked third and fourth with average scores of 2.61 and 2.53.. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Explanation of the Impacts and Transitions of Rural Settlements in the Dams of Khuzestan Province
sadegh allahyari nasrolah molaei hashjin teymour Amar Parviz rezaei

20.1001.1.25385968.1399.15.3.3.3

The creation of dams changes the patterns of land use, water and other natural have a negative impact on a wide range. These changes will cause the villagers to suffer damage, social services and so on. In this research, the effects and consequences of dam construction More

The creation of dams changes the patterns of land use, water and other natural have a negative impact on a wide range. These changes will cause the villagers to suffer damage, social services and so on. In this research, the effects and consequences of dam construction in Khuzestan consequences on tof the study area were investigated. The method of collecting information in this research is a library-survey method and was used by interviewing and questioning (in the framework of field method). The geographic area of this study is 122 rural settlements located at Karun 3 Gotevand Olia Dam and dispersed in the cities of Izeh, Gotvand and Dehdez due to geographical dispersion. The number of samples studied in the geographical area consists of 36 villages and 234 households. The Cochran formula has been used to determine the sample size of households. Sampling method was selected according to the number of samples, stratified and random methods. Also, Swat model (SWOT) was used to analyze the data and intervention in the settlement system of the study area and to design the optimal landscape of the settlement system.The displacemente of villages and rural roads, the changing of th, displaced marginal population in the, the unwanted migration of people and the wandering In cities and creating social conflicts, high costs of peopled resettlement,jobs, destroying fertile lands and reducing agricultural production, destroying public places, utilities, cultural and religious sites, and The feeling of no Identity and psychological problems have been studied in the range studied Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Explanation the role of Agronomic Supportive policies in rural economic development of Masal County after the Islamic Revolution
Mohammad Shirzad Vezmatar Timur Amar Nasrollah Molaee Mohammad Sadegh Allahyari

Codifying agricultural policies is one of the important agricultural issues, which has a significant role in the economic growth and development of agriculture due to the rapid growth of the rural population and the specialization of agricultural products. The present s More

Codifying agricultural policies is one of the important agricultural issues, which has a significant role in the economic growth and development of agriculture due to the rapid growth of the rural population and the specialization of agricultural products. The present study seeks to explain the role of agronomic support policies in the economic developments of the villages of Masal after the Islamic Revolution and provide solutions to improve the status of these policies in Masal, the development and conservation of land use, farmers' familiarity with New farming methods, increasing production per unit area, and thus increasing revenues, reducing costs and improving their living standards. Masal has a lot of potential in the field of crop activities. Unfortunately, in the agricultural development program, the city has received very little attention As a result, farmers, especially farmer villages, face serious problems The necessity of paying attention to the agricultural sector in development plans and the necessity of orienting research research goals into this section. The research method in this research is based on descriptive-analytic approach. To assess the status of agro-environmental support policies, factors such as: position factor, level of implementation, distance, distances, or proximity to market centers have been used. The results of this research indicate that the application of agronomic supportive policies would save 52.18% of the land use, increase the 2 level of the second cultivar compared to 2001, increase income and reduce the cost of 25% in the villages of the city Masal has been. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - On the Analysis of the System Inadequacy of Rural Policy Making by Emphasis on spatial Justice (Case Study: North Khorasan Province)
Majid Poorisa Chafjiry Nasrollah Molaei Hashjin Teimour Amar

20.1001.1.25385968.1401.17.1.1.1

مThe present article investigates the extent of North Khorasan province's rural areas and the distribution of rural services, analysis of the correlation between variables in the analysis of planning failure of North Khorasan Province planning system. This paper has an More

مThe present article investigates the extent of North Khorasan province's rural areas and the distribution of rural services, analysis of the correlation between variables in the analysis of planning failure of North Khorasan Province planning system. This paper has an applied purpose and has been done by descriptive-analytical method. In this paper, Vikor method, standard deviation ellipse method for service ranking, for cluster analysis and facility concentration, Moran method and multivariate correlation method were used to analyze the relationship between variables. Case studies of North Khorasan Province villages that are aggregated at the rural scale and the indices used to classify the villages are: employment, agriculture, housing quality, ownership, literacy, population, education, network, health facilities, Tourism, Technology and Communications, Facilities and Equipment, each with different subfields. The results showed that the districts located near the center of the province are among the most favored ones and the districts located far from the center of the province are classified as unaffected. Also, multivariate correlation analysis shows that there is an inverse relationship between proximity to the center of the province, so that the greater the distance from the center of the province, the less is the occupancy of the villages. On the relationship between population and enjoying level, it indicates direct and positive correlation. The more the village population grows, the more the rural population enjoying occurs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Analysis of Urban Functions in Rural Development (Case study: Rudbar County)
Manouchehr Nasiri Moghadam Tymoor Amar Parviz Rezaei

AbstractThe role of small towns in development of rural areas is known to everyone. Urban functions manifest in areas such as services, exchange of factors of production and complementary role in rural development. In this regard, planners pay special attention to probl More

AbstractThe role of small towns in development of rural areas is known to everyone. Urban functions manifest in areas such as services, exchange of factors of production and complementary role in rural development. In this regard, planners pay special attention to problems, such as spatial decentralization, reduced regional disparities, urban-rural dichotomy in developing countries, to adopt strategies to overcome these problems. The studied area is Rudbar County, Gilan province. The data used in the study included demographic indicators such as the number of households and the growth rate during 1966 to 2011. Using quantitative models, entropy and elasticity, this study evaluates the role of seven cities including Rudbar, Manjil, Lowshan, Jirandeh, Bareh Sar and Tutkabon in development of the surrounding villages. The results of data analysis show that Bareh Sar has a favorable effect on balanced distribution of population and rural settlements, leading to balanced urban hierarchy and spatial distribution. Tutkabon and Manjil are partly able to balance the urban hierarchy. However, Rostamabad, Rudbar, Lowshan and Jirandeh cause population density. It was found that population density is higher in cities due to the available economic and social services.. LQ of Roudbar County is >1 for agriculture and industry and export of manufactured products, while <1 for services, indicating a dependence on other towns. Based on the concentration index, levels of villages in Lowshan, Manjil, Rostamabad and Bareh Sar are regular, while the villages in Jirandeh and Tutkabon are irregular. In addition to administrative and political relationships which result in dependence of villages to cities, people of these towns are referred to other towns of the county for economic, social and cultural relations.Key words: urban function, rural development, Rudbar, entropy model, elasticity model Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The Role of Environment and Livelihoods in the formation of Vernacular Houses in the Area of Talesh.
Mohammad Mohammadzadeh Dogaheh Hossein Soltanzadeh Javad Shekari Nayerri Teimour Amar

20.1001.1.25385968.1400.16.4.2.1

The study of the role of the environment and habitat in the formation of vernacular houses in Talesh is the subject of this research. The importance of this issue is because that there is not still enough research on the architecture of this area. The aim of this study More

The study of the role of the environment and habitat in the formation of vernacular houses in Talesh is the subject of this research. The importance of this issue is because that there is not still enough research on the architecture of this area. The aim of this study is to understand how the environment and livelihood affect the architecture of houses. the main question of this research is that what is the role of environmental factors and the type of livelihood in the formation of houses in this region? Research method is descriptive and analytical and the data collection has been done in the form of field and documentary.The direct variables are the environment and livelihood and the architecture of vernacular houses is the dependent variable in the research. The statistical population is Talesh area and the sampling method is quota. The results of the research shows that the number of service spaces outside the building in foothills are more than the plain and the mountainous but the extent and the space of the area in the plain houses are higher than the foothills and mountains. The average floor area of the ground floor in the total area in the plain area is more than foothills and mountains but the average area of the porch and first floor spaces in the plain is more than the foothills and mountains and the average space of livestock spaces and warehouses in the mountains are more than the plains and foothills, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Pathology of Tourism Development in Rural Areas of Langrood County with Emphasis on Environmental Impact
nagmeh sahebi eisa pourramzan Teymour Amar Mohammadbaset Ghoreshi minabad

20.1001.1.25385968.1400.16.1.3.6

Introduction: Rural areas of Langarud County, which is selected as the under-study zone in the present survey, is one of the most attractive areas in Guilan province and almost always makes the tourism destination of numerous tourists and enthusiasts. Purpose of the stu More

Introduction: Rural areas of Langarud County, which is selected as the under-study zone in the present survey, is one of the most attractive areas in Guilan province and almost always makes the tourism destination of numerous tourists and enthusiasts. Purpose of the study: The main purpose of the present survey is studying the pathology of tourism activities in rural areas of this county. Methodology: In the present study, the descriptive-analytic approach was applied. In order to perform the field studies among 193 populated villages, 15 villages were selected as the study samples through purposive and judgmental sampling methods. Local residents and administrative managers and experts of Langarud County comprised the statistical society. The sample volume was estimated to be 342 according to Chocrane method. Under-Study Zone: Rural areas of Langarud County is selected as the under-study zone in the present survey.Results and Discussion: The results revealed that booming rural ecotourism activities has led to increased pollution of ecologic resources as well as decreased attraction of landscapes in the under-study rural settlements. Accordingly based on polls by respondents regarding 11 items surveyed in this study, it turned out that the “destruction of village’s natural landscapes” item obtained the weighted average of 4.13 which had the highest significantly meaningful difference, after that “destroying natural and human views due to inappropriate constructions unrelated to village climate” and “threatening rare and vulnerable vegetation species” items which respectively had the weighted averages 3.89 and 3.82 were ranked as second and third vulnerabilities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Spatial analysis of the quality of life in rural areas with emphasis on the institutional dimension (Case study: villages of Lahijan County)
mohammad amiri mikal Eisa Pourramzan Tiemor Amar Atosa Bigdeli

20.1001.1.25385968.1401.17.1.18.8

The goal of this essay is to analyze the spatial quality with emphasis on institutional life in villages of Lahijan city. So this essay first paid the management of rural and VA (village assistant) and then with VA issued a set of 14 items from duties as elements of the More

The goal of this essay is to analyze the spatial quality with emphasis on institutional life in villages of Lahijan city. So this essay first paid the management of rural and VA (village assistant) and then with VA issued a set of 14 items from duties as elements of the interface between government and people evaluated and their role in determining the quality of life in villages. This research is based on analytic-descriptive and applied study is based on objective. The study population included 182 Villages in Lahijan. The number of samples using the Morgan formula, 385 families has been randomly selected for sampling. Analysis of data obtained from questionnaires by SPSS software and using Spearman test has been conducted. The results indicate relatively good quality of life from an institutional dimension in rural area in Lahijan city.The VA could entice the relative satisfaction by doing the civil works like asphalt, naming the passages and supplying the environment cleaning and so on in the villages in which there isn't any management. And the satisfaction of its activity to an organization that almost 15 years ago is striking. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Geographical analysis of the role of income and level of access to resources and services in shaping the behavior of villagers in the environment in rural areas of Talesh city
masoud yahyazadeh Taymour Amar eisa pourramzan Bahman Ramzani

20.1001.1.25385968.1400.16.2.15.0

The level of empowerment and access to resources, facilities and services are among the factors that affect the behavior of villagers in the environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the four elevation areas of the villages of Talesh city in terms More

The level of empowerment and access to resources, facilities and services are among the factors that affect the behavior of villagers in the environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the four elevation areas of the villages of Talesh city in terms of behavioral effects on the environment.The research method of this article is survey and library and the statistical population of the research includes rural settlements in four coastal areas, plains, foothills and mountains in Talesh city of Gilan province. A total of 386 questionnaires that were evaluated by Cronbach's alpha method with a reliability of 78.0 were completed in the study areas and the data were analyzed for description in SPSS statistical software. The findings show that the villages of the lowland area are in a better position than other areas in terms of access to services and income. It is noteworthy that during the studies and field studies, the rate of pollution, environmental degradation, unauthorized changes to housing construction and the negative effects on environmental change are small. Also, in measuring the attitudes of villagers from both positive and negative approaches to the environment, unfortunately, positive attitudes towards negative attitudes have a lower level in study areas, and this situation in the formation of undesirable behavior towards the environment, including destruction and improper use of Resources along with the growing desire to earn more can affect the process of the wrong relationship between man and the environment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Identifying the Factors Affecting the Rural Tourism Development Pattern (Case Study: Masal County)
Afshin Askarizad Masouleh Taymor Amar Bahman Ramzani Gourabi

20.1001.1.25385968.1402.18.4.1.4

Introduction: Many development planners mention rural tourism activity as one of the main pillars of sustainable development and in this regard, try to identify the advantages and limitations of rural and feasibility of tourism activity in these areas as well as basic p More

Introduction: Many development planners mention rural tourism activity as one of the main pillars of sustainable development and in this regard, try to identify the advantages and limitations of rural and feasibility of tourism activity in these areas as well as basic planning. Take responsibility for diversifying the rural economy Objective of this research.Research Aim: The purpose of this research is to identify the effective factors on the development of tourism pattern in the rural areas of Masal County.Methodology: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and has a qualitative-quantitative exploratory nature. The statistical population of the study includes villagers and experts of the Islamic Council of villages targeted for tourism in Masal County who were purposefully selected. In order to collect data, in-depth interviews in the form of open-ended questions and then a researcher-made questionnaire were used. In data analysis method, coding method, descriptive statistical method including mean, standard deviation and inferential statistical method including Friedman test and path load factor analysis using SPSS and AMOS software were used.Studied Areas:The study area in the present study is Masal County.Results:The results showed that the natural attractions of rural areas of Masal County with a path coefficient of 0.89 compared to other factors have a direct and very important effect on the rural tourism model of Masal County.Conclusion: The results showed that the main patterns of tourism in rural areas of Masal County include ecotourism, historical tourism and religious tourism. Among the influential factors in this field are the geographical location and climate of the villages, the capabilities and limitations of the village directly and the benefits of tourism, the positive and negative economic and social effects and the actions of officials to develop tourism indirectly affect the rural tourism model of these areas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - The role of rural development, rural-urban links the central city of Rasht
Seyed Mahmood Rahspar Miadi A. Pourfeikoui Teymour Amar Akbar Motamedi Mehr

20.1001.1.25385968.1401.17.2.1.3

چکیدهامروزه تاثیر شهرها بر توسعه مناطق روستایی پیرامونی امر پذیرفته شده ایست این اثر گذاری عمدتا از طریق اجزا تشکیل دهنده پیوندهای روستا شهری محقق می گردد چرا که هر منطقه تنها متشکل از نظام سکونتگاهی بی ارتباط به هم نیست و از شهرها بعنوان موتور توسعه روستایی نام برده می More

چکیدهامروزه تاثیر شهرها بر توسعه مناطق روستایی پیرامونی امر پذیرفته شده ایست این اثر گذاری عمدتا از طریق اجزا تشکیل دهنده پیوندهای روستا شهری محقق می گردد چرا که هر منطقه تنها متشکل از نظام سکونتگاهی بی ارتباط به هم نیست و از شهرها بعنوان موتور توسعه روستایی نام برده می شود. از جمله اهداف این پژوهش شناسایی عوامل تحدید کننده هویت روستاها و آبادی های مجاور شهر رشت و نیز تبیین پارامترهای محلی پیوندهای روستا شهری بوده است لذا جامعه آماری در این تحقیق روستاهای چهار دهستان با نام های دهستان لاکان ، دهستان پیربازار ، دهستان پسیخان و دهستان حومه(دارسازی) از بخش مرکزی شهرستان رشت می باشند ، ویژگی تمام آنها دهستان بودن و نیز جزو تقسیمات و حوزه نفوذ شهر رشت بودن می باشد .جامعه آماری ما 16 روستای نمونه با تعدادجمعیت 12038 نفر می باشدکه به شکل نمونه گیری نقطه ای انتخاب گردیده اند . جهت دستیابی به نتیجه از مشاهده مستقیم و مطالعات میدانی و گفتگو با اهالی و مسئولین روستاها بهره شده است ، همچنین در بُعد کمی از مدل سوات (Swot ) استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصله دال بر این واقعیت بوده که پیوند و ارتباط بین روستاهای مرکزی و شهر رشت از جهات مختلف اقتصادی ، اجتماعی ، کالبدی ، زیست محیطی با شدت و ضعف برقرار بوده که در برخی از پارامترها عامل فاصله تا شهر دخیل نبوده و در برخی دیگر عامل فاصله تا شهر رشت بر میزان اثر گذاریها شدت بخشیده است . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Analysis of Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas with Resistance Economics Approach with Emphasis on the Role of Constructive Mobilization in Guilan Central Area
Fahimeh Zahmatkesh Teymour Amar

20.1001.1.25385968.1401.17.1.8.8

An investigation about Entrepreneurship in the Rural regions considering Resistant Economy Approach emphasizing the Role of Sazandagi-Baseej in Central Parts of Gilan is aim of the article. The method of the investigation is Descriptive analytic and the method of the In More

An investigation about Entrepreneurship in the Rural regions considering Resistant Economy Approach emphasizing the Role of Sazandagi-Baseej in Central Parts of Gilan is aim of the article. The method of the investigation is Descriptive analytic and the method of the Information Collection is the Field Documentary. Entrepreneurs of the Statistical Society of the investigation is under the protection of the Baseej of the Rurals of Rasht,Anzali and Rudbar.The Sampling Community of the Mountainous Partition according to the Morgan Table in the plain of Rurals which contains 200 entrepreneurs and in the mountainous Rurals 70 ones.The investigation about entrepreneurship considering the activities in the plain regions differs from the mountainous region. existence of markets in Rasht and Anzali makes the products of clothing and tailoring more prevalent by Rurals. Matting handicrafts industry is the other activity which is prevalent in the villages of the plain partition in which raw materials is a kind of the plants which belongs to the region.The Rurals are interested in the activities and it is because of its profitableness. Generally speaking, 69% Entrepreneurs of plain regions of Rasht and Anzali and 72% of them from the mountainous region are under the protection of Baseej. Considering the kinds of the activities in the mountainous region 90% them belong the agriculture and%10belongs to services ones and most prevalent activities of the plain regions are as following: %30 of the activities belong to the agriculture, 22/5% of them belong to services and %47/5 of them belong to the industry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Explaining the effects of natural environment on the diversity of economic activities in the villages around Bandar Anzali Wetland
behzad majidi Mohammad baset Qoreishi Teimour Amar Nasrollah Molaei hashtjin Parviz Rezaei

20.1001.1.25385968.1401.17.2.16.8

Today, development as a process is the most important issue of countries, especially developing countries, the study and recognition of rural areas and analysis of their capabilities and bottlenecks in the rural development planning process is very important. Wetlands h More

Today, development as a process is the most important issue of countries, especially developing countries, the study and recognition of rural areas and analysis of their capabilities and bottlenecks in the rural development planning process is very important. Wetlands have undeniable ecological, economic, recreational and aesthetic values for human, animal and plant communities. While emphasizing that economic change in rural areas is also a function of general conditions at the macro level such as national and regional economy, but the rate of acceptance of these changes in different places and with varying speeds. The present study was conducted assuming that the wetland has a significant share in the economy of its surrounding villages and a sample population including 6 villages from Sumeh Sara city and 9 villages from Bandar Anzali city that are located on the edge of the wetland have been selected. In this study, first, the situation of the studied villages is obtained based on existing documents and field studies, and then the developments related to environmental conditions and quality of life according to the documentary and field findings are analyzed by statistical tests in SPSS software. The results of studies on the impact of the existence of Anzali Wetland as a natural phenomenon in the economic diversity of the village indicate that wetland-related jobs in all villages along the wetland, in addition to agriculture, which supplies water from the wetland, including fishing, Hunting, tourism and handicrafts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Analysis of the trend of changes in ownership of rural settlements and its physical-spatial consequences 1377-1397 (Case study: Khomem distract of Rasht County)
ali rahmani chukami timur amar Eisa pourramazan

20.1001.1.25385968.1402.18.1.20.7

IntroductionRural settlements as one of the geographicalspaces with features such as liveliness andthe ability to attract and distributeThey arealways subject to change.One of themost important of these changes is land ownership changes in rural areas Cited.Ownership ch More

IntroductionRural settlements as one of the geographicalspaces with features such as liveliness andthe ability to attract and distributeThey arealways subject to change.One of themost important of these changes is land ownership changes in rural areas Cited.Ownership changes atthe level of rural settlements,themigration of people from cities to rural areas for recreation and spendingLeisure time, and vice versa,provides rural residents with land for better living and moreincome to live on the outskirtsof cities.in hese uncontrolled migrations will result in confusion in both the urban and rural(spatial)geographical locations.Objective:Toinvestigate the trend of changes in rural landownership and itsphysical-spatial consequences over a period of twenty years.Research Methodology:Thisresearch isan applied research group in terms of purpose and a descriptive-analytical research in terms of method.In this study, the statistical population is a total of 44 rural settlements in Khomem ؛And the method of collecting the required information is in the form of documents,libraries and based on field observation and interview with(manager orone of the council members)and the collected data is analyzed through field theories.has taken.Geographical area of research:Rural settlementsin Khomem distract.Findings andResults:The trendof land ownership change has been increasing during thelast twenty years,so that the acceleration of land ownership change in the nineties is more than the eighties, and its physical-spatial consequences can be used to change land use.He mentioned the construction and expansion of second homes,the change in the physical arrangement of the settlements,the disappearance of traditional and indigenous architectureand natural landscapes,and the inadequate distribution of the population in the studyarea. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Geographical Analysis of Rural Development in Shaft County with Emphasis on Topography and Slope
Fatemeh TAGHIZADEH Teymor amar Nasrollah Molaeihashjin parviz rezaei

20.1001.1.25385968.1404.20.4.1.8

Introduction: Nowadays, topographic studies play a crucial role in rural development. Utilizing environmental indices allows the identification of existing flaws in the ongoing rural development plans and projects within the county, preventing their repetition in subseq More

Introduction: Nowadays, topographic studies play a crucial role in rural development. Utilizing environmental indices allows the identification of existing flaws in the ongoing rural development plans and projects within the county, preventing their repetition in subsequent policymaking. Considering the settlements' positions within three levels (plain, foothill, and mountain) and natural factors (altitude, slope, direction), the most significant impact on development can be attributed to the environmental factor associated with the altitude level of rural habitats in Shaft County.Research Aim:  The aim is to assess and examine the relationships between natural elements and sustainable development within the studied area and answer the question: Considering geographical factors (altitude and slope), which villages in Shaft County are situated within the unstable range? Descriptive and spatial data were integrated for this purpose.Methodology: This study, characterized as descriptive-applied research, encompassed stages involving the identification of study resources, data analysis, and the creation of tables and maps to assess and examine the relationships between geographical factors (altitude and slope) and sustainable development within the studied area, covering all sampled villages as part of the research population. Based on this, information layers were referenced to the base map, converted into shapefiles, and subsequently underwent a process of merging, clipping, overlaying, and other data mining directives for analysis and integration. Consequently, a model representing the information within the studied layers was generated in the form of a map.Studied Areas: The rural under study belong to Shaft County within Giulan Province.Results: The findings indicate a weak developmental rank related to villages such as Zardkam, Vali Sara, Khorfakel, Vaneh Baneh, Kuchek Koomsar, Dakleh Sara, Moharraman, Mashallah Kal, Aqanur Setan, Lesom, Safidkhani, Tanz, Babarakab, Imamzadeh Ibrahim, and Talghan. In the foothill and mountainous villages (with specific altitude and slope conditions), proper measures haven't been implemented, and the villages are utilizing only the minimum of their capacities for the sustainability of the studied area. This situation solely stems from non-strategic management.Conclusion: The geographical position and natural conditions of each settled rurals within the districts, based on altitude, represent one of the most essential factors required for the development of Shaft County's rurals to plan for providing access to services aimed at increasing the developmental level within the county's district segments. For instance, communication routes, one of the primary environmental factors in rural development, have largely taken shape based on the topography of scattered rurals across Shaft County. However, in each of the four districts, they exist at an unacceptable qualitative and quantitative level in terms of sustainably utilizing the capacities of the county's rurals. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Explain the role of ecotourism residencesin in the tourism system with emphasis on the economic dimension (Case study: Rural areas of Rasht city)
Alireza Mohamadi Garfami Teymoor Amar Mohamadbaset Garshi Minabad

20.1001.1.25385968.1403.19.1.11.5

Today we can name tourism as a realm that has the ability to attract domestic and foreign capital and consequently, has economic development and we can name ecotourism as a growing sub-branch with increasing economic development, in order to facilitate community partici More

Today we can name tourism as a realm that has the ability to attract domestic and foreign capital and consequently, has economic development and we can name ecotourism as a growing sub-branch with increasing economic development, in order to facilitate community participation to provide experiences and protect natural and cultural resources in the long run.Considering the popularity of ecotourism in the country's villages and the importance of its economic dimension from the villagers' point of view, this study aims to explain the role of one of the most effective ecotourism agents in rural areas (residences) with emphasizing its economic dimension. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the statistical population is all residences with more than one year of experience in Rasht (12 residences).Data collect with the help of questionnaire tools and the information of residences managers and tourism experts and data analysis is performed with life cycle and Coopers techniques.Theresults of life cycle technique show that ecotourism residences as a tourism product are in the stage of growth and development )third level of impact).Therefore, it can be claimed that residences have a good effect on the tourism system and by using the Coopers technique was also determined, Fanderkotam Residence has the most and Gilantaj has the least impact on the tourism system of its location.Finally, it is suggested that while informing the villagers about the importance of the issue, encourage them to preserve the native architecture and make it easier for the natives to receive facilities for investing in ecotourism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Geographical analyzing of expanding second home in rural region of Anzali after the Islamic Republic
teymoor amar afsaneh berenjkar

      Second homes are one of symbol for developing tourism in rural region and are indicative more longevity of tourist in rural region . The emergence and expanding this phenomenon may account as a symbol for capitalism growth in the rural com More

      Second homes are one of symbol for developing tourism in rural region and are indicative more longevity of tourist in rural region . The emergence and expanding this phenomenon may account as a symbol for capitalism growth in the rural communities which follow up the deposition and longevity in this community , leave remarkable economic impact in the  long - term .In Caspian coast , biginning and expanding the second home were more in coastal strip and shows almost a 3 decade experiences. This research using library and field study had been viewed the dimension and the trend of expanding second home in rural region of Bandar Anzali . The result indicate that expanding second home in this region generally , are influenced by the region geographical condition and local planning (for example, free zone) . The most number of second home had established in recent decade and the owner of more of this home are residence in Tehran ; and the stay opportunity to this homes are generally 3 weeks to one month in a year. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Rural integrative development in Ahmad Sar Ghourab district in Shaft using model SWOT
teymr amar eisa pourramzan soraya hassani

In our counrty , coming to integrative development for rural settlement had been considered as a strategy to protect settlement , since this kind of development of villages and there protection. In other to reach this kind of development, recognizing the opportunities s More

In our counrty , coming to integrative development for rural settlement had been considered as a strategy to protect settlement , since this kind of development of villages and there protection. In other to reach this kind of development, recognizing the opportunities strengths, weakness and threats in the region can more effective and better method until with recognize them and planning to use capabilities and remove the weakness, could reach to a stable and integrative development.Current research using descriptive- analyzing method had been dealt with the investigation of strengths, opportunities weakness and theats using SWOT model in Ahmad Sar Ghourab district in Shaft township.Inorther to collect information in 48 villages, a questionnaire and interview had been carried out from the village farm management and councils. The results from this survey indicate that this district with 48 village plenty of opportunities in nature environment point of view which can effective in this area integrative development. Of the capabilities of this area can refer to some strengths in the area of creating complementary agricultural activities, capabilities of natural and pilgrimage tourist and intact natural polential Of the major weakness point in the studies area could refer to lacking possibilitiesand service in the villages .And lack of planning toward using opportunities had been caused to  this issue that the village of this district are not meet their population requirement. Manuscript profile

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