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Open Access Article
1 - Explaining the Consequences of Agricultural Land-Use Change on Demographic Changes in Rural Areas (Case Study: Sari, Mazandaran Province)
Seyyedeh Fahimeh Hashempoor Nasrollah Molaei Hashjin Mohamad Baset Ghoreyshi Bahman RamzaniAgricultural land-use changes are considered as one of the undesirable phenomena indicating the greedy nature of humans. One of the most important consequences of this undesirable change is disorder in the livelihoods and income of local residents and the occurrence of MoreAgricultural land-use changes are considered as one of the undesirable phenomena indicating the greedy nature of humans. One of the most important consequences of this undesirable change is disorder in the livelihoods and income of local residents and the occurrence of population movements. Accordingly, the main objective of this study is to investigate the consequence of agricultural land-use change on the demographic changes in rural areas of Sari city. The method of this study is descriptive-analytical and library and survey methods were used to collect data. The statistical population of the study was 25 villages, which were selected by random quota sampling and according to Cochran formula, 381 families were selected as sample size. The results of the analysis showed that in the last decade, agricultural lands has been decreased by 6% in the studied villages. It has had a great impact on the rural population dynamics. In villages near to the city and the sea due to their proximity to Sari city and having more job opportunities and benefiting from services and infrastructure an increase in population density has occurred, while in remote villages due to lack of access and unfavorable services and facilities, and value added of agricultural land-use change population decline has occurred. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Assessment of sustainable development in rural settlements of Jiroft county
Mohsen aghayarihir Mohamad Zaheri Hossein Karimzadeh reza talebifardthe present study examines the sustainability of development in rural areas of Jiroft and spatial factors affecting it. In terms of purpose, practical and in terms of nature and method of performance, descriptive-analytical. In order to collect the data, 38 sample villa Morethe present study examines the sustainability of development in rural areas of Jiroft and spatial factors affecting it. In terms of purpose, practical and in terms of nature and method of performance, descriptive-analytical. In order to collect the data, 38 sample villages located in Jiroft county were selected. The sample size of the present study consists of two groups of household heads and experts in the field of rural planning. CoCoSo multi-criteria decision making technique and K-cluster analysis have been used to evaluate the sustainability of development in rural settlements and analyze the data obtained from the Household Survey Questionnaire and Friedman test in SPSS software environment was used to analyze the data obtained from the expert questionnaire in relation to the prioritization of spatial factors affecting development sustainability. Villages are ranked and graded according to the value of (Ki) based on CoCoSo technique, It indicates the results of the study of the stability of economic, social, environmental and physical-spatial dimensions of development in the study area, which are in a state of "weak or unstable stability" in the villages of Abbasabad, Darrehroud and Hishinsofla. In contrast, the highest level of stability is related to the villages of Dolatabad Esfahdah, Dolatabad Markazi, Daryacheh, Ferdows, Saghder, Pashtlor and Hosseinabaddehdar. The results of Friedman test indicated that spatial factors such as government investment, rural population, and distance from county center had the most influence on this phenomenon, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Structural models for measuring the dimensions of citizens' residential satisfaction with the quality of urban living environment (Case study: Nurabad city)
rasol heidary Kamran Dowlatyarian Mohsen ShaterianAppropriate quality environment creates a sense of well-being and satisfaction for its residents through physical or social and symbolic characteristics. In fact, satisfaction with residential quality means assessing the environment in relation to the needs and desires MoreAppropriate quality environment creates a sense of well-being and satisfaction for its residents through physical or social and symbolic characteristics. In fact, satisfaction with residential quality means assessing the environment in relation to the needs and desires of citizens of the residential unit, neighborhood and residential area Is. The sample size was estimated using Cochran's formula 382 and the reliability of the research tool was calculated using Cronbach's alpha with a value of 0.920, which indicates the desirability of the research tool. T-test was used for descriptive and inferential analysis of data and structural equation modeling in SPSS and AMOS software was used to explain and model the effects. The results of one-sample t-test showed that the status of all indicators of urban environmental quality in the study area is not in an acceptable situation and all indicators are below average with an average of 34.2. Structural equation modeling was also used to identify and evaluate the components of urban living environment quality. The results of the second-order factor model showed that giving importance to residential satisfaction indicators in the study area increased the health index by 0.85, service index by 0.83, residential index by 0.82, transportation index and Urban management is 0.79 and the reduction of environmental problems is 0.14. Finally, it was found that there is a direct and significant relationship between the quality of urban living environment and residential satisfaction of residents of neighborhoods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Urban Integrated Urban Management Planning in Iranian metropolises (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis)
shahram AmirEntekhabi majid akbari Vahid BostanAhmadi moslem zarghamfardUrban integrated management is one of the most important and fundamental issues to consider and address in the area of metropolitan management. Despite the fact that more than 100 years of Tehran's urban modern-city management system, but due to the overwhelming focus o MoreUrban integrated management is one of the most important and fundamental issues to consider and address in the area of metropolitan management. Despite the fact that more than 100 years of Tehran's urban modern-city management system, but due to the overwhelming focus of the government in the management of cities, municipalities and councils, they still do not have the necessary independence for their decision making and urban policy. Therefore, attention and explanation of this issue is one of the most important issues which is necessary considering the development of physical, spatial and demographic development, as well as the complexity and complexity of the problems and challenges of Tehran. This paper is aimed at strategic planning of integrated urban management in Tehran metropolitan area based on the strategic planning model of Meta-SWOT. The present study is descriptive-analytic, and in terms of target targeting. The data collection method has been a library and survey. The results of this study indicated that among the resources and internal capabilities of the modification of urban management laws, the integration of all actors in the field of urban management and general management in the city had the highest score. Also, the results of external environmental factors that indicate that the unidentified components of the integrated attitude in urban management, the lack of separation of political leadership from specialized management and the lack or weakness of the mechanisms for strengthening organizational communication indicates the impact of environmental factors. According to studies, the northern regions have the least and the southern regions of Tehran metropolis have the highest level of inconsistency. Therefore, in proportion to the growth of urbanization in Tehran, there is a lack of formation of integrated urban management. As a result, there is no reasonable coordination between the construction of spaces and the body of the city and the natural and physical environment with the social, economic and cultural situation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Identifying and Prioritizing the Environmental Qualities Affecting Informal Settlements Using Fuzzy Delphi Method and Entropy Shannon Technique (Case study of Mashhad Metropolitan City)
shirin shahideh Mohammad Hadi Kaboli Fariborz Dolat Abadi Vahid Shali AminiHuman population's desire for urban spaces which causes the formation of informal accommodation phenomenon, provides a context for the concept defined as quality of urban life. In this regard, recognize and prioritize the qualitative components in the form of physical&n MoreHuman population's desire for urban spaces which causes the formation of informal accommodation phenomenon, provides a context for the concept defined as quality of urban life. In this regard, recognize and prioritize the qualitative components in the form of physical–spatial characteristics, would be the main focus of this survey. In this study, the research method from is practical and to achieve the goal, both qualitative research method and survey strategy are applied. Collecting data, initially, is done through studying documents, direct site observation and also field impression of space users of informal settings in Mashhad along with survey analytical method via Fuzzy Delphi Technique and questionnaire survey. Finally, the achieved environmental qualities from Delphi Method are ranked based on Entropy Shannon Technique. The results of this study indicate the common problems and needs among the residents and their dissatisfaction with their living space. Based on the survey, in these 4 settlements, through conducting two stages of Delphi questionnaire, environmental criteria affecting the quality of life of settlers were achieved which were classified into 7 thematic categories via Shannon technique. The weight obtained for each category shows the importance of issues with a focus on security, people and activity which are subset of functional discussion in "sustainable place Model". Finally, the model of effective environmental quality indicators in informal settlements in which the weight of each category of indicators and the order of their significance is presented which explains the priority areas of qualitative intervention in these sectors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Investigating the factors affecting the social functions of urban parks: Study of Javan and Madar Parks in Tonekabon
Mehdi Abbaszadeh soorami Vahid Pouraman HirAbstractIn addition to enabling the relationship between city dwellers and nature, urban parks enhance social interactions, and even affect the social functions of adjacent public spaces. Factors affecting the social functions of urban parks can be divided into two cate MoreAbstractIn addition to enabling the relationship between city dwellers and nature, urban parks enhance social interactions, and even affect the social functions of adjacent public spaces. Factors affecting the social functions of urban parks can be divided into two categories; internal features such as the size, facilities and physical characteristics of the park; and external features, i.e. the park's relationship with the surrounding public spaces. This article examines the two Tonekabon urban parks, which are markedly different in terms of these characteristics, to explain how these distinctive features affect their social functioning.This is a descriptive study and data collection was done by survey and field observation. The statistical sample includes 400 park users, which are selected exclusively from the residents of this city, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, t-test, correlation and regression were used to analyze quantitative data. According to the findings, the higher the relationship between parks and activities in the surrounding public spaces, the higher their security and vitality. In the Javan Park, the effect of the interrelationships of the parks with the surrounding activities and public spaces on user satisfaction, and in the Madar Park, the effect of physical quality and facilities on user satisfaction is higher. Although the social functions of urban parks are influenced by various physical factors and characteristics, but parks are integral part of public spaces and activities in it, and even the effectiveness of these factors and characteristics is more influenced by the specific spatial-social context in which the functions of the park are performed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Evaluation of Physical Factors Affecting the Satisfaction of Physically-Motivated Veterans of Residential Complex Architecture (Case Study: Ardabil City)
Seyed Ali Fakhri Tohid Hatami Khanghahi Yousef Jahanzamin Mehrdad EbrahimianResponsive House to the needs of residents has always been a concern of humans. If the residents are people with specific characteristics and restrictions. The role of housing designer is important in responding to these special needs.At present, due to the significant MoreResponsive House to the needs of residents has always been a concern of humans. If the residents are people with specific characteristics and restrictions. The role of housing designer is important in responding to these special needs.At present, due to the significant number of physically and physically disabled people in the community, especially in the city of Ardabil, the physical, spatial and mobility needs of this segment of community are not considered optimally; Therefore, what social housing offers to such people are limited options for choosing their place of residence and places of social communication, which makes them more and more isolated. For this purpose, the Q research method is used to identify the physical components affecting the mental satisfaction of veterans. The statistical population of Q was physical-motorized survivors of residential complexes in Ardabil city. The correlation between the views of the audience about Q's propositions, data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software.The results showed the existence of two mindsets among the audience. The first concept often refers to the issues related to the type and level of access to services and facilities and the second dimension of the emphasis on the dimensions and proportions of design spaces.The effect of designer's attention on seemingly minor issues, such as access, communication of spaces, dimensions, sizes, and the like, is a major part of the mental problems of devotees. The designers can be a positive step in helping to better deal with the stresses caused by veterans' physical limitations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Analysis of the trend of changes in ownership of rural settlements and its physical-spatial consequences 1377-1397 (Case study: Khomem distract of Rasht County)
ali rahmani chukami timur amar Eisa pourramazanIntroductionRural settlements as one of the geographicalspaces with features such as liveliness andthe ability to attract and distributeThey arealways subject to change.One of themost important of these changes is land ownership changes in rural areas Cited.Ownership ch MoreIntroductionRural settlements as one of the geographicalspaces with features such as liveliness andthe ability to attract and distributeThey arealways subject to change.One of themost important of these changes is land ownership changes in rural areas Cited.Ownership changes atthe level of rural settlements,themigration of people from cities to rural areas for recreation and spendingLeisure time, and vice versa,provides rural residents with land for better living and moreincome to live on the outskirtsof cities.in hese uncontrolled migrations will result in confusion in both the urban and rural(spatial)geographical locations.Objective:Toinvestigate the trend of changes in rural landownership and itsphysical-spatial consequences over a period of twenty years.Research Methodology:Thisresearch isan applied research group in terms of purpose and a descriptive-analytical research in terms of method.In this study, the statistical population is a total of 44 rural settlements in Khomem ؛And the method of collecting the required information is in the form of documents,libraries and based on field observation and interview with(manager orone of the council members)and the collected data is analyzed through field theories.has taken.Geographical area of research:Rural settlementsin Khomem distract.Findings andResults:The trendof land ownership change has been increasing during thelast twenty years,so that the acceleration of land ownership change in the nineties is more than the eighties, and its physical-spatial consequences can be used to change land use.He mentioned the construction and expansion of second homes,the change in the physical arrangement of the settlements,the disappearance of traditional and indigenous architectureand natural landscapes,and the inadequate distribution of the population in the studyarea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Assessing and ranking the environmental quality of tourist attractions, Case study: Ardabil city
Alireza Mohammadi Mohammadjavad Abbasi Azar NouriRecognizing and evaluating the environmental quality of tourist attractions and preferences is very important for urban development and promoting the presence of tourists. In the present study, while examining the spatial distribution of tourism elements in Ardabil, it MoreRecognizing and evaluating the environmental quality of tourist attractions and preferences is very important for urban development and promoting the presence of tourists. In the present study, while examining the spatial distribution of tourism elements in Ardabil, it has evaluated and ranked the five regions of Ardabil in terms of environmental quality indicators of tourist attractions from the perspective of tourists. Research in terms of purpose; Applied, in terms of descriptive-analytical nature and in terms of paradigm is among the quantitative research. The method of collecting field and library information is (interview and questionnaire). The statistical population of the present study; Tourists in the five regions of Ardabil. The sample size of Cochran's formula to complete the questionnaires was calculated 384 people and distributed by random sampling method. In order to analyze the data; In the first step, GIS software was used to study the spatial distribution of tourism elements in Ardabil. In the second step, the results of the tourists questionnaire (with reliability of 0.738 in Cronbach's alpha coefficient and validity of 0.721; parallel form method) were performed with SPSS software and the difference between the significant rank of environmental quality criteria in Ardabil through Friedman test was performed. Were analyzed. Also, the assessment and ranking of the five regions of Ardabil in terms of environmental quality indicators of tourist attractions has been done using the Vikor technique in EXCEL software. The results of the study of the difference in the ranking of environmental quality factors of tourist attractions in Ardabil showed that in general, the urban public services index with an average of 4.00 has the first rank and the urban environment index with the average of 3.87 has the second rank in terms of visitors. also; In the discussion of ranking the five regions of the city in terms of environmental quality indicators of tourist attractions; There is inequality; So that the elements and attractions of Zone 2, which are more of a natural-recreational type; With a numerical value of zero, they are in the first and highest rank, and the attractions of region four with a numerical value of 0.752 are in the lowest rank and last priority in terms of tourists. These findings are a good guide for pathology, policy and planning. Appropriate planning of urban development will be the study area with a focus on tourism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Assessing and analyzing the vulnerability of urban fabrics from the perspective of passive defense with emphasis on distribution pattern of vital land uses (Case Study: Mahabad City)
Mostafa Mirabadi Sadegh BesharatifarIntroduction: One of the principles of passive defense which needs to be paid attention when utilized in critical and sensitive uses is the distribution and deployment of such uses, therefore is to keep and observe appropriate distances and boundaries and also the proxi MoreIntroduction: One of the principles of passive defense which needs to be paid attention when utilized in critical and sensitive uses is the distribution and deployment of such uses, therefore is to keep and observe appropriate distances and boundaries and also the proximity to other significant uses. Purpose of the research: Explaining the distribution pattern of vital land uses and identifying vulnerable urban tissues is the main purpose of this study.Methodology: The presented study has been done with descriptive-analytical methodology for the city of Mahabad (2020). The used data in the study are quantitative (shape files) and in order to measure the density of the distribution of the uses and also their distribution pattern in Mahabad (which are the aims of the study), ArcGIS software’s spatial statistics techniques have been used intensely.Geographical area of research: The study area of this research is the city of Mahabad, which is located in the south of West Azerbaijan province.Findings and Discussion: The results show that the distribution pattern of the critical faculties is a clustered pattern in a way that the most of these facilities are observed in the central and western parts of the city. Also, the geometric and geographical center is located in the central part and extends northeast to southwest. In other words, the deployment of support and management centers in the central part and major military centers in the western part of the city has caused such a distribution pattern. Therefore the tissues located in these parts have the most vulnerability. In addition, the results from the calculations of the radius of vulnerabilities of critical land uses revealed the fact that 78 thousand people, roughly equal to %53 of the total population and also 887 hectares, equal to %37 of the total area of the city are located in the vulnerability zone center (Elliptical Standard Deviation). This zone which includes the central neighborhoods and the initial and worn out core of the city has a high density of population comparing to the other urban neighborhoods, hence comprises a large part of the urban population. Conclusion: The issue of vulnerability and safety against accidents and military conflicts in the city of Mahabad is very serious. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Leveling of villages based on livability indices (Case study: Rural settlements of Sowme’eh Sara county)
nasrin nikdel rafat shahmari Sedigheh Hassanimehr Hossian AsghariIntroductionToday, improving livability in villages and cities is one of the main goals of planners in every country. For this purpose, first of all, an accurate and comprehensive knowledge of livability and its Indices is required in order to level the villages and rur MoreIntroductionToday, improving livability in villages and cities is one of the main goals of planners in every country. For this purpose, first of all, an accurate and comprehensive knowledge of livability and its Indices is required in order to level the villages and rural district based on them and then plan for their improvement.GoalThe aim of this study is the Leveling of villages of Sowme’eh Sara county based on livability Indices.MethodologyThe present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology. The statistical population of the research is 22790 rural households in Sowme’eh Sara county. To achieve the purpose of the research, library resources and field studies based on the distribution of questionnaires and interviews with 377 heads of households living in sample villages(20 villages selected by stratified and random sampling method) decision-making was used. For data analysis, t-statistical method and regression analysis and COPRAS decision method were used.Geographical area of researchThe geographical area of research is the rural settlements of Sowme’eh Sara county.Results and DiscussionThe findings showed that there is a difference between the 24 Indices in the studied villages and the leveling of the villages does not follow a specific rule, so that according to the Indices of livability, Hindkhaleh village (with a distance of 19) And the two rural district of Hindkhaleh, Siavi (distance 18) and Laksar (distance 17.5) km from the city center of Sowme’eh Sara are at very favorable, favorable and average levels, respectively. Also, the findings of regression analysis showed that with a unit increase in the distance of villages from the center of the province (Rasht city) by -0.534, changes can be explained in the amount viability of villages in Sowme’eh Sara.While the distance from the center of the Sowme’eh Sara does not explain the changes in the amount of livability.ConclusionThe research results show the livability status of the villages of Sowme’eh Sara county are not at the same level based on the studied Indices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Explaining the effects of event-based tourism on functional metamorphosis of urban infants in Iran (Case study: Ritual tourism of Armaghankhaneh city of Zanjan)
Mohammad T aghi Heidari mohammad rasoli parvin rahmati Sharareh SaeedpourRituals in a city are magnetic, And they can be effective in conversion, alliance, and bonding, and by articulating components, they increase mobility, bargaining, and overall alliance power. Through the ritual propellants of the city, instead of being a silent, undefin MoreRituals in a city are magnetic, And they can be effective in conversion, alliance, and bonding, and by articulating components, they increase mobility, bargaining, and overall alliance power. Through the ritual propellants of the city, instead of being a silent, undefined and unknown being, It becomes something that is made of many more parts and many more joints.. In this context, the present article tries to explain the effects of ritual tourism in Armaghankhaneh and its effects on the metamorphosis of the city. The present article is descriptive-analytical and the information required for the research has been collected through library and survey methods. In this framework, to analyze the model mental software to examine the effects, SPSS is used to express the indicators of centrifuge, dispersion, kmo and Bartlett test, and finally smart pls software to express the level of significance. The performance of the indicators is exploited. The results of the present study show a 66% effect of religious tourism in the transformation of Armaghankhaneh. In this context, religious tourism has been most effective in investing in various public-private institutions, improving job opportunities, improving urban attractiveness, favorable tourism image, improving urban services and infrastructure, and defining a new urban identity.The present article is descriptive-analytical and the information required for the research has been collected through library and survey methods. In this framework, to analyze the model mental software to examine the effects, SPSS is used to express the indicators of centrifuge, dispersion, kmo and Bartlett test, and finally smart pls software to express the level of significance. The performance of the indicators is exploited. The results of the present study show a 66% effect of religious tourism in the transformation of Armaghankhaneh. In this context, religious tourism has been most effective in investing in various public-private institutions, improving job opportunities, improving urban attractiveness, favorable tourism image, improving urban services and infrastructure, and defining a new urban identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Configuration analysis of the yard of residential plan types in historical context of Sharbafan neighborhood in Lahijan City
maryam molaei Hossein Safari farzaneh asadi malekjahanArchitectural and urban features of the past explain the identity of cities. The study of the historical contexts of cities, the spatial structure and configuration of historical spaces, and specifically residential buildings, reveals the extent to which the structure o MoreArchitectural and urban features of the past explain the identity of cities. The study of the historical contexts of cities, the spatial structure and configuration of historical spaces, and specifically residential buildings, reveals the extent to which the structure of space affects the behavioral patterns of residents. It should be noted that the yard and open space of residential buildings are the center and core for organizing home spaces. This article was examined the yard configuration of residential buildings in the historical context of Lahijan in Sharbafan neighborhood in the twentieth decade. The research method in the present study was associated with descriptive-inferential analysis, which was done quantitatively and qualitatively. In the qualitative section, library documents were examined. In the quantitative part, first, the spatial structure of Sharbafan neighborhood was simulated based on an old photo belonging to the 1320s by Cinema 4D software. In the next step, the simulated range plan was drawn in Autocad software and dxf output was taken from it. To analyze and study the spatial organization and space syntax, and to obtain a variety of indicators of combined analysis using the axial map, among the software in this regard, by studying and reviewing, UCL Depth Map software has been used for this research. Comparing the visual and axial Intelligibility of the samples shows the superiority of the two-sided type in axial and visual Intelligibility over the one-sided and middle-sided types. The highest correlation was observed in the visual Intelligibility of the two-sided type and the lowest correlation was observed in visual Intelligibility of the one-sided type. Access to physical information and spatial structure of historical contexts through photographs allows the study and comparison of the current situation with the previous era. Analysis of spatial and physical structure of the simulated model with space syntax software makes it possible to study architecture and spaces of historical contexts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Analysis of Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Rural Development Management with Emphasis on the operation of Ruran Councils (Case Study: Ruran Councils of Shanderman District)
leila sayyad bidhendi yaser gholipour mohammad eskandari nodehThe rural management system in Iran faces problems such as attitudes in planning and resource distribution, technocratic and government-oriented governance, low agricultural productivity ratio, unfavorable situation of rural education and low participation in rural deve MoreThe rural management system in Iran faces problems such as attitudes in planning and resource distribution, technocratic and government-oriented governance, low agricultural productivity ratio, unfavorable situation of rural education and low participation in rural development planning. On the other hand, rural councils are considered as a fledgling institution and as a new rural management and executive managers at the village level. The aim of this study is to identify the factors affecting the sustainability of rural development management according to the performance of rural councils in Shanderman district. The research seeks to answer the question: According to which factors, the operation of rural councils affects the sustainability? Research is in nature, applied and developmental and is considered as qualitative research. The statistical population in the qualitative stage includes a group of experts and university professors who are first selected in a purposeful manner and in the form of snowballs. Data were then collected by Delphi method in two stages with semi-structured interview. Interview data were analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding to classify concepts and categories. Findings show that the operation of rural councils in the form of 7 general indicators is effective in sustainable management of rural development. Environmental index, socio-cultural index, economic index, planning index, institutional-organizational index, administrative index and physical index that are extracted and their relations are evaluated with, through axial coding process by selective coding of sustainable development management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Analysis of resilience components of rural settlements against earthquake risk (Case study: Ijroud city, Zanjan province(
Hossein farahani fariba abbasiResilience is one of the most important factors in achieving the sustainability of rural settlements. As resilience increases, the vulnerability of settlements to hazards decreases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the resilience components of rural settlements a MoreResilience is one of the most important factors in achieving the sustainability of rural settlements. As resilience increases, the vulnerability of settlements to hazards decreases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the resilience components of rural settlements against earthquake risk. The present research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical and library and field methods have been used to collect data. The statistical population of this study is the heads of households in 20 villages and rural specialists in Ijroud city. Using Cochran's formula, the required number of samples to complete the questionnaire has been calculated in a total of 342 cases (305 rural heads of households and 37 rural specialists). Face validity was evaluated by 35 faculty members of the Department of Geography, University of Zanjan and averaged 1.7. The reliability of the variables was calculated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 76%, which indicates its acceptability. For quantitative analysis of data, statistical tests such as (one-sample t, path analysis, analysis of variance) were used. The results show that the resilience situation in the studied villages of Ijroud city against the occurrence of a possible earthquake in all components, with an average of 3.33 is unfavorable and the values tend to be vulnerable. Also, among the four components, the physical component with a total of direct and indirect effects explains 56.5% of alpha and is the most effective component in the resilience of Ijroud city. The four dimensions of resilience, in total, could explain 74.9% of the resilience of Ijroud city.Keywords: resilience, rural settlements, natural hazards, earthquake, route analysis, Ijroud city Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Analysis of drivers of urban sprawl (Case study: Ahvaz city)
Mahmod Arvin Ahmad PourahmadUrban sprawl and its environmental impacts are important components of global environmental change research and are a key issue for sustainable development. To understand and manage land use change and to direct urban development plans, it is important to examine the dr MoreUrban sprawl and its environmental impacts are important components of global environmental change research and are a key issue for sustainable development. To understand and manage land use change and to direct urban development plans, it is important to examine the drivers of urban sprawl. The purpose of the research is analysis of drivers of urban sprawl in Ahvaz city. This research is descriptive-analytic and in terms of objective, applied analytic. The method of data collection is library-documentary and survey. To complete the questionnaire, the opinions of 50 researchers who have conducted research in relation to the city of Ahvaz and related managers and experts have been used. In order to investigate the effect of dimensions (drivers), the second order confirmatory factor analysis was used in LISREL software. The 45 identified driver affecting the urban sprawl of Ahvaz are classified into 7 dimensions including management, legal, social, economic, physical-spatial, environmental, and transportation. The results show that the economic dimension with a coefficient of 0.88 has the highest impact, followed by social (0.87), management (0.76), physical-spatial (0.72), legal (0.71), transportation (0.61) and environmental dimensions, respectively. (0.58) are located.Urban sprawl and its environmental impacts are important components of global environmental change research and are a key issue for sustainable development. To understand and manage land use change and to direct urban development plans, it is important to examine the drivers of urban sprawl. The purpose of the research is analysis of drivers of urban sprawl in Ahvaz city. This research is descriptive-analytic and in terms of objective, applied analytic. The method of data collection is library-documentary and survey. To complete the questionnaire, the opinions of 50 researchers who have conducted research in relation to the city of Ahvaz and related managers and experts have been used. In order to investigate the effect of dimensions (drivers), the second order confirmatory factor analysis was used in LISREL software. The 45 identified driver affecting the urban sprawl of Ahvaz are classified into 7 dimensions including management, legal, social, economic, physical-spatial, environmental, and transportation. The results show that the economic dimension with a coefficient of 0.88 has the highest impact, followed by social (0.87), management (0.76), physical-spatial (0.72), legal (0.71), transportation (0.61) and environmental dimensions, respectively. (0.58) are located. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Evaluation of changes in the ecological structure of Behshahr city in order to provide solutions to improve landscape cohesion and promote environmental resilience.
Ebrahim Zahedi kelaki Sadroddin Motevalli Hassan Mahmoudzadeh gholam reza janbaz ghobadiToday, urban society is facing many problems, including environmental issues. Behshahr city has also been created due to population change and increase in construction with many environmental issues such as: change and destruction of natural lands, reduction of green ar MoreToday, urban society is facing many problems, including environmental issues. Behshahr city has also been created due to population change and increase in construction with many environmental issues such as: change and destruction of natural lands, reduction of green areas, fragmentation of land uses, etc. Based on the purpose of this study, the ecological change of Behshahr city in order to provide solutions for ecological configuration of the landscape (landscape) and the promotion of environmental radiation, using the principles of the landscape with the Forman mosaic model (spots, corridors and matrices) and Pathology is one of the structural elements of the landscape. For this purpose, first the elements of the ecological structure of the city were detected using satellite images of 1986 and 2020, then the changes of these elements were analyzed by 5 metric landscape (MNN, LSI, MPS, LPI, NP) in Fragstats program and in The pathology of these elements was continued by analyzing natural and artificial spots and corridors of the city. Finally, by zoning the degree of ecological continuity (vegetation) in Arc GIS software, solutions were provided to improve the ecological continuity of each zone. The results show that the elements of ecological structure, especially agricultural spots, gardens and green space of Behshahr city are not in good condition in terms of composition and spatial distribution and during the study period in terms of ecological continuity, especially agricultural spots have been severely damaged. So that crop and garden green spots have decreased by 52% and 31%, respectively, during the last 34 years. Last year it was reduced by about 48 meters, gardens and green spaces by about 10 meters, and the distances between similar ecological spots increased. Finally, it leads to the presentation of: (1) operational and executive "protective" solutions in relation to natural and green corridors and stains (2) and "corrective" operational and executive solutions based on the creation of green ecological networks and the restoration of stains. Destroyed as well as a critical network map of the study area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Effective factors of participation members of rural coopratives companies in Tehran (case study Shahriar city)
Saeid Zargarani Vahid Riahi hassan afrakhtehEffective Factors in the Cooperation of Villagers in Rural Cooperative Companies in Tehran (Case study: Shariar city)AbstractIntroduction: Cooperatives as an organization are a system for movement and coordination of various efforts between members to gain common target MoreEffective Factors in the Cooperation of Villagers in Rural Cooperative Companies in Tehran (Case study: Shariar city)AbstractIntroduction: Cooperatives as an organization are a system for movement and coordination of various efforts between members to gain common targets.The purpose of the study: The aim of the current research is to find out the effective factors in the cooperation of villagers in Rural cooperatives companies.Methodology: The current study is applied regarding the purpose of the study, and descriptive-analytic with respect to method. To study the success rate of rural cooperative companies in the city, Central Division has been done. The study objectives include: attitude towards cooperative members, the participation rate of members of the cooperative activities of companies, studying the social, economic and individual members, mutual understanding and relations between these effects. Geographical area of the research: This study has been done in the geographical area of Shahriar.Results and discussion: The study is descriptive and solidarity through a survey using questionnaires and interviews. The statistical community members of rural cooperative companies in Shahriar City Township had a total of 3000 people. Number 345 out of random sampling as the sample were determined. Validity of the questionnaire was also calculated.Conclusion: Data analysis showed that there is a significant relationship and a strong correlation (65% = r) between trait individual satisfaction, attitude and knowledge, land and household income levels and these variables significantly associated with successful partnerships there.Key words: Rural development, Rural production cooperatives, Rural partnership, Shahriar city Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Explaining causal relationships and prioritizing the components of the identity of place using the combined DANP model (Case study: historical district of Tehran)
Mana Taheri Mohammad Saeid Izadi Hamid Majedi Zahra Saeede ZarAbadiDue to the deep changes in Contemporary societies and the transition from the traditional to the modern and postmodern societies, the old and pre-constructed identity has become a constructed thing that is constantly being restored; it has been influenced by a complex n MoreDue to the deep changes in Contemporary societies and the transition from the traditional to the modern and postmodern societies, the old and pre-constructed identity has become a constructed thing that is constantly being restored; it has been influenced by a complex network of causal relationships in various physical, functional, social, semantic, and natural aspects. This is important in the place identity, especially in historical areas, due to drastic economic and physical changes, as these areas are in fact the most important identity element of cities. Thus, the historical district of Tehran is examined due to the double importance of the components of political economy that marginalize identity factors. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to determine the causal relationship and prioritize the components of spatial identity. In order to achieve this goal, first, 19 questionnaires were given to experts using purposeful and consecutive sampling method based on the logic of DAMATEL model in the form of a 32 * 32 matrix, the relationships between variables are determined and then The importance of each is determined by using the combined model of the DEMATEL and the Analytical Network process. The results show that the "social" criterion is the most important criterion, followed by the "semantic" and "physical" criteria. the indicators of "the degree of adaptation of space to climate", "the level of memorization of space", "the degree of visual appeal”, “the rate of occurrence of specific and unique events in space" are the most important indicators in the network. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Flood risk zoning in Fariman city using fuzzy logic
sanaz saeedi mehdi asiaeiOne of the most important natural hazards is floods, which will cause a lot of damage if they occur. One of the most important ways to deal with this natural hazard is to zoning the flood potential. The present study was conducted with the aim of zoning the risk of floo MoreOne of the most important natural hazards is floods, which will cause a lot of damage if they occur. One of the most important ways to deal with this natural hazard is to zoning the flood potential. The present study was conducted with the aim of zoning the risk of floods in Fariman city with emphasis on urban and rural areas in 1399. This type of research is an applied type in which fuzzy logic, hierarchical analysis and GIS software are used. The eight criteria studied in this paper include slope, distance from the river, altitude, geology, land use, rainfall, drainage density and vegetation. Based on the results obtained from the combination of layers by fuzzy overlap method and the final weight obtained from the fuzzy hierarchy analysis model, in which the height variable with a weight coefficient of 0.271 is the highest and land use with a coefficient of 0.040 has the lowest impact on flooding. The study area has. Therefore, according to the flood risk classification map of Fariman city, it can be stated that very high risk areas 17.8%, high risk areas 14.2%, medium risk areas 20.4%, low risk areas 22.5% and areas with high risk Occupies very little risk with 25.1% of the city area; It should also be noted that the city of Freeman is in a very low danger zone. In terms of rural settlements, most of the settlements in this city are in the zone of moderate vulnerability. Therefore, it is suggested that the necessary attention be paid to the improvement, design and implementation of watershed and aquifer management projects and the location of new cities and towns, as well as rural development projects in the study area. Planners and decision makers should also take the necessary action to reduce the risk of proper location of infrastructure and location of city facilities. Manuscript profile
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