Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning: 1 (34)

Open Access Article

1 - Spatial Analysis of Women Employment Patterns In Major Activity Sectors of Iran Rural Settlements
حسنعلی faraji bahram hajari z. torabi nader malaei

The aim of this study was to identify basic and non-basic activities of rural women employment in major sectors and groups of economic activities in rural areas, and also, their spatial distribution in the country. The population of research consists of 693 cities of th More

The aim of this study was to identify basic and non-basic activities of rural women employment in major sectors and groups of economic activities in rural areas, and also, their spatial distribution in the country. The population of research consists of 693 cities of the country, which their figures and information have been extracted from the General Census of Population and Housing in 2011, and by using Location Quotients (LQ) technique, the fundamental parts which were the exporters of labor force have been identified. The results show that the Western and South Eastern agricultural regions of the country are the basic regions. In the industrial sector, mainly North West (West and East Azarbaijan Provinces) and Isfahan, Qom, Central, and some parts of the Hamedan, Zanjan, Qazvin, and Tehran Provinces are the exporters of rural women labor force to other areas. Also, the distribution in the service sector are mainly in Central, North, and South regions of the country which are considered as exporters of the rural women labor force in the service sector. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - A Comparative Study of the Development of Urban Areas in Rasht by Using Multi Criteria Evaluation Methods
Alireza danesh nasrollah molaei akbar motamedimehr

Lack of resources and facilities in urban areas makes essential the efficiency assessment of areas. So, resources should be allocated in such a way that most services can be offered through existing resources. To identify the development or underdevelopment of areas, it More

Lack of resources and facilities in urban areas makes essential the efficiency assessment of areas. So, resources should be allocated in such a way that most services can be offered through existing resources. To identify the development or underdevelopment of areas, it is necessary to study inequalities patterns and differences between them, and also, studying the degree of superiority of one place compared to the structure of similar locations in the city. The recognition  of the existing differences among different areas in the city in terms of enjoyment of various indicators, in order to be aware of the development or deprivation levels, reduce regional disparities and set programs in accordance with the conditions and facilities of each area is an unavoidable necessity. In this study, attention has been paid to determining and ranking the degree of development of  urban areas in Rasht based on 63 indicators in five educational, health care, socio-cultural, economic-commercial, and urban civil installations. To achieve the objectives of the study, the Numerical Taxonomy model, Morris Model and TOPSIS model have been used. By applying these models and analysis, each of the five areas of Rasht city, the ranking and the level of development of each area has been determined separately. The results of the study show that more facilities and services have been focused on the city center. Therefore, inequality in five areas is observed with significant difference. As such, in analyzing all three models, areas one and two have more favorable situation, but area five is of the most deprived regions. In fact, the farther the areas are from the center of the city, the lower facilities and services they will receive. This is the result of polar policies growth, as a result of which, all of the facilities and power are concentrated on one or more areas, and other areas act as marginal. Due to the nature and the difference in method of ranking the indexes, degree of development of study areas in each model is different from the other model. In order to achieve the same result in the assessment of development areas, percentage of changes, intensity of changes, and coefficient of variation were calculated and the results were extracted based on the divided indicators. - Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Effect of Architectural Style of Second Homes on Physical Development of Rural Settlements
Aliakbar Anabestani teymour amar samira kaviani

Construction of the second homes is one of the interests of tourists to visit villages, which often is built with the purpose of spending leisure time in the rural areas and have positive and negative effects on the rural atmosphere in many aspects, especially the physi More

Construction of the second homes is one of the interests of tourists to visit villages, which often is built with the purpose of spending leisure time in the rural areas and have positive and negative effects on the rural atmosphere in many aspects, especially the physical body, which along with tourism development consists of more complex dimensions, and the need to analyze and explain these effects is felt more than ever. The present study has been done to investigate the effect of architectural style of second homes on the physical development of rural settlements in Kelardasht town. This study is functional in term of purpose, and is descriptive-analytic in term of method and nature. To gather data, the documentary research method and field research method have been used. The population of the research is nine rural settlements in Kelardasht town in which, building the second homes was remarkable. According to Cochran's, in the villages, the sample size of the households under questioning were 110 households, who were randomly selected from among the peasants and owners of second homes.By studying the dimensions and indicators of research variables, this fact could be found out that the highest level of satisfaction with the architectural style of second homes is(4.06) in the Telochal village, and the lowest value is (3.42) in Peyghale village. Also, in the case of a physical development variable of rural settlements, the highest level of this variable is (3.09) in Taeb Kola village.Also, the effectiveness of architectural style variable of second homes on physical development of rural settlements has been estimated around 0.3 percent, which reflects the low impact of architectural style of second homes on physical development of rural settlements. Only, architectural style of second homes has caused the development of rural settlements in improving the infrastructure services dimension. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Evaluation of the Satisfaction Level of Residents of Maskan-e-Mehr in Khuzestan Province with an Emphasis on Sustainable Housing (Case Study: Omidiyeh County)
mohammadali firoozi morteza nemati nadya daripour

Increasing the affordable housing crisis and satisfactory housing is considered as a dominant problem for the low-income groups. At national level, Maskan-e-Mehr has been established on the public lands, and often at the suburban areas, as repetitive residential complex More

Increasing the affordable housing crisis and satisfactory housing is considered as a dominant problem for the low-income groups. At national level, Maskan-e-Mehr has been established on the public lands, and often at the suburban areas, as repetitive residential complexes with similar forms in certain infrastructure levels which accommodate the low-income groups. The aim of the present paper is the evaluation ofsatisfaction level of residents of maskan-e-mehr according to the effective indicators in sustainable housing (economic, social, cultural, physical, and environmental) in Omidiyeh city. This research has been an applied one, and by using Cochran formula, the sample size was calculated with 241 persons.Data were analyzed by using SPSS software. The results indicate that there were not any meaningful relationship between the pleasant and delightful weather items with Chi-Square of 68/421 and the significance level of 0.310 with the satisfaction of living in Maskan-e-Mehr.Other items related to satisfaction with the satisfaction level of residents of Maskan-E-Mehr has established a very significant relationship at the level of 99%. A total mean of indicators related to the satisfaction level of living in a Maskan-E-Mehr in Omidiyeh city with an average of 2.72 shows that the satisfaction level is evaluated as moderate level to low and weak level. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Analysis of the Development Level of Rural Settlements and the Factors Affecting it (Case Study: The Central part of Iranshahr County)
Eskandar Seidaiy Hadi Rasti Sajedeh Azar

According to the evidences and experiences, the developing of rural areas in proportion to their share and the status and functioning in the national economy have been badly neglected, and because of inattention to the role of geographical factors (Natural environment, More

According to the evidences and experiences, the developing of rural areas in proportion to their share and the status and functioning in the national economy have been badly neglected, and because of inattention to the role of geographical factors (Natural environment, social, economic,…) in the ductility and spatial arrangements and the development of rural settlements, despite efforts in the country, especially after the revolution, instability and underdevelopment in the rural areas is still visible in Iran. Accordingly, this study seeks to examine the development level of rural settlements in the central part of Iranshahr and the role of geographical factors in that, from the local residents' point of view. The investigated factors comprise natural environment, spatial, social and economic ones. The research is descriptive-analytic and the total rural settlements of the central part of Iranshahr are the population. 19 villages and 294 heads of households were selected as the sample size. The obtained data were analyzed and processed through statistical methods in SPSS software. The results revealed a low rate of rural development in the central part of Iranshahr, i.e., is below the theoretical average (with an average of 2.43), and most of factors (apart from natural disasters, family aspect and employment rates) have a logical and significant relationship with rural development. Among them, the effect of spatial location factors and then, the social factors is more highlighted. Therefore, the development of rural settlements in the study area requires a fundamental revision in policies and programs for rural development, and also having a specific look at the role of some geographical factors in the development process of rural settlements is needed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Analysis of the Effects of Chabahar Free Industrial Trade Zone on the Economic and Physical Dimensions of Chabahar County
esmail rahmani zohre hadiani

Nowadays, the free zones have been considered as a pervasive phenomenon and a tool for the realization of outward oriented development strategies with emphasis on export promotion policy. So that, most developing countries have attempted to build one or more free zones. More

Nowadays, the free zones have been considered as a pervasive phenomenon and a tool for the realization of outward oriented development strategies with emphasis on export promotion policy. So that, most developing countries have attempted to build one or more free zones. The goals of creating these areas are providing suitable conditions to increase production and export of industrial goods through foreign investment, creating jobs, earning foreign exchange, growth in economic welfare of areas and preserving national interests. This study aimed to analyze the effects of Chabaharfree industrial trade zone on the physical and economic development of Chabahar city. The research method is descriptive-analytic. Data collection was carried out in documentary and field ways. The participants of the research are the citizens of Chabahar city and the sample size is 321 households reached through Cochrane method. The validity of the research (questionnaire) was confirmed by using the experts' point of view, and its reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha coefficient equal to 0.97.  At the first step, questionnaire data analysis were conducted in SPSS software by using T test of two dependent samples and Friedman test. The results showed that Chabahar citizens' views on the Likert scale compared to the physical and economic of Chabahar city before and after creating Chabahar free industrial trade zone has improved with the average of 2.4 to 3.8 in physical expansion, from 2.04 to 3.01in urban services, from 1.9 to 3.2 in employment and income. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Pathology and Surveying of Social and Cultural Aspects Affecting
seyed masoud poorsafavi narjes hosseini

Using social capitals and people's participation in projects of intervention in urban exhausted tissues is a decentralized and bottom up action which in addition to less time and cost, causes more satisfaction of people and their reception of performing these projects. More

Using social capitals and people's participation in projects of intervention in urban exhausted tissues is a decentralized and bottom up action which in addition to less time and cost, causes more satisfaction of people and their reception of performing these projects. In this research,pathology and surveying of social and cultural aspects affecting structural exhaustion of urban district has been done. In this context, factors such as the degree of residents' belonging to district, the level of social trust of communities to each other and to the authorities, and to the performance of officials, their willingness to participate in district affairs and their social links degree, social problems in distressed tissues, and the way of their relation to reduce exhaustion have been defined. It seems that by recognizing these factors and their impact on urban spaces disorders can reduce the exhaustion process. The participants include all residents in the Khaher Imam of Rasht, and sample size has been obtained by using Cochran's formula. For collecting data, a questionnaire was used.  The samples were selected randomly and the SPSS software was used for processing the data, and the descriptive-analytic method was used for analyzing the data. The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between the investigated variables and structural exhaustion of Khahar Imam, and the main reason lies in the residents' negligence of renovation and revitalization of the district, and the low level of social capital in it. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - An Analysis of the Role of Tourism and its Effects on the Development of Rural Settlements (Case Study: Marivan County)
rahmat bahrami

Today, tourism is one of the major sources of income, employment, and creation of infrastructures to achieve sustainable development. The rural tourism is a new trend in tourism which raised from the 50s onwards. This study aimed to investigate the role of rural tourism More

Today, tourism is one of the major sources of income, employment, and creation of infrastructures to achieve sustainable development. The rural tourism is a new trend in tourism which raised from the 50s onwards. This study aimed to investigate the role of rural tourism in sustainable development of rural communities in the Marivan city located in Kurdistan province, and it is a descriptive-analytic study. The population of the research consists of 453 persons by three groups of local people, government experts, and tourists. Face and content validity of research tools have been obtained by using experts' opinions and after carrying out the necessary revisions. To determine the reliability, a pilot test was conducted to determine the reliability through Cronbach's alpha. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS software. Results showed that the most important positive roles of strengthening regional economy through prosperity of Pilehvary market caused increasing the quality of life and solving the unemployment problem, but destruction of vegetation cover, the sharp rise in land and housing prices, losing the traditional culture, social conflict between host and guests communities are the most negative consequences of the expansion of rural tourism in the region. The results of factor analysis indicate that prosperity of Pilehvary market prepares a suitable opportunity for tourists visiting in the surrounding villages of Marivan. The existence of logical planning that Comply with the natural and cultural conditions of the Environment, causes the tourism development to be doubled. - Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Assessment of Tourism Sustainability and Determining an Optimal Strategy of Tourism Development in Bandar-e-Anzali
hassan esmaeilzadeh yaghoub esmaeilzadeh

Tourism has always been important throughout history, but what has given a certain dimension to this activity is the potential of this activity in the field of employment and sustainable economy. That tourism has advantages and great potentials, it has the disadvantages More

Tourism has always been important throughout history, but what has given a certain dimension to this activity is the potential of this activity in the field of employment and sustainable economy. That tourism has advantages and great potentials, it has the disadvantages as well, such as precariousness of moral principles and destruction of natural habitats. Bandar-e-Anzali as one of the cities in north part of the country, has numerous tourist attractions, and is the destination of a great tourists every year.  This results in many positive and negative aspects in this city. The main objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics and potentials of tourism in Bandar-e-Anzali. The method is developmental and descriptive-analytic. The data have been collected by library and field methods. Data analysis was performed by means of stability barometer, and in designing the questionnaire, the Likert scale has been used. The population consists of Bandar-e-Anzali tourists that comprise 384 participants according to Cochran formula. The results of the research show the average capacity of Bandar-e-Anzali's tourism with the score of 65.04, which the most effective components affecting tourism are environmental and structural components with the score of 65.04. Finally by using SWOT model, for tourism development of Bandar-e-Anzali, suggestions like potential advertising of Bandar-e-Anzali were presented in order to attract foreign tourists, collaboration with residents to preserve the natural and man-made attractions, etc. Manuscript profile

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