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Open Access Article
1 - The Effectiveness of Waste Segregation Training on the Environmental Attitude of Female Members of Isfahan Municipality Cultural Centers
محمد علی نادی Hamid Reza RezvaniThe rapid population growth, urbanization, continuous economic development, industrialization, and increased well-being of people have led to a rise in the production of municipal solid waste. One effective approach to promote recycling in waste management is to educate MoreThe rapid population growth, urbanization, continuous economic development, industrialization, and increased well-being of people have led to a rise in the production of municipal solid waste. One effective approach to promote recycling in waste management is to educate individuals on waste separation at its source. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of waste segregation training on the environmental attitudes of female members of Isfahan Municipality Cultural Centers. This study is practical in its purpose and follows a two-stage exploratory research design, utilizing a mixed-methods approach (qualitative and quantitative). The first stage involved qualitative research, where a waste segregation training package was developed based on thematic analysis. The second stage was quantitative, aiming to determine the effectiveness of the waste segregation training. In the quantitative phase, a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design was conducted. Sixty female members of cultural centers in Isfahan city were selected and assigned to experimental and control groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS23 software. The results revealed a significant difference in the environmental attitude variable between the control and experimental groups in both the post-test and follow-up phases (p < 0.001). The average environmental attitude scores in both the post-test and follow-up stages were higher in the experimental group than the control group. Considering the study's findings and the importance of waste management, we recommend that the government and high-level officials provide financial support for environmental training programs in society. Environmental education, particularly waste separation education, supports environmental preservation and leads to substantial savings in energy consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Gender differencesin attitude and participation on Waste Management Plan in the 5th region of Tehran
zahra zareWaste management is one of the requirements of modern urban society and social development. People is a key to program of waste management and their attitudes and behavior is very important. public attitudes in areas of urban management knows more important role for wom MoreWaste management is one of the requirements of modern urban society and social development. People is a key to program of waste management and their attitudes and behavior is very important. public attitudes in areas of urban management knows more important role for women especially housewives in this plan. Many programs are be planned and implemented for women. This study aimed to compare women and men in attitudes and participate in waste management and This judgment has to be examined.In this study, suvrey with person questionnaire has been used. Statistical population are citizens of of region 5 of Tehran. Samples were 800 people who were questioned by multistep cluster sampling from all communities in this region.According to t-tests, significant differences have not seen in attitude and behavior in waste management plan between men and women in 5th region of Tehran.Good general tendency is in citizens of region 5 of Tehran regardless of gender, which can be a good potential to be used in the field of waste management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Gender Differences in Attitude and Participation on Waste Management Plan in the 5th Region of Tehran
Zahra ZareWaste management is one of the requirements of modern urban society and social development. People is a key to program of waste management and their attitudes and behavior is very important. Public attitudes in areas of urban management knows more important role for wom MoreWaste management is one of the requirements of modern urban society and social development. People is a key to program of waste management and their attitudes and behavior is very important. Public attitudes in areas of urban management knows more important role for women especially housewives in this plan. Many programs are be planned and implemented for women. This study aimed to compare women and men in attitudes and participate in waste management and this judgment has to be examined. In this study, survey with person questionnaire has been used. Statistical population are citizens of region 5 of Tehran. Samples were 800 people who were questioned by multistep cluster sampling from all communities in this region. According to t-tests, significant differences have not seen in attitude and behavior in waste management plan between men and women in 5th region of Tehran. Good general tendency is in citizens of region 5 of Tehran regardless of gender, which can be a good potential to be used in the field of waste management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - An intelligent Hybrid Algorithm for Urban waste Collection Problem
heydar Lotfi Babak sadeghiThis paper presents an Algorithm to solve an urban waste collection problem bydelivering suitable route in each separate areas of Tehran in order to minimize the costof waste collection. We know the fuel consuming has a direct relation ship withdriving distances by coll MoreThis paper presents an Algorithm to solve an urban waste collection problem bydelivering suitable route in each separate areas of Tehran in order to minimize the costof waste collection. We know the fuel consuming has a direct relation ship withdriving distances by collection vehicles, so, by minimize the cost of fuel consumingbecause waste collection consist of 50%-70% of totally collection expenses.Mathematical programming used to solve this problem base on integerprogramming with three variables and four limits.We propose a practical solution method which consists of three components: zoningAlgorithm, route generating Algorithm and combination Algorithm.Zoning Algorithm: a separated area divides in to small areas which each areaconsist of many big trash bins and surrounded between four streets, each points onborder could be considered as a start or end points.Route generating Algorithm: find the smallest routes between start and end points.Combination Algorithm: find the suitable neighborhood areas by consideration ofthe collection vehicles and capacities in each area. Until to minimize the traversedcompletely. Our topological limitations are: deadened streets, boulevards, traffic laws,such as one way streets in order to become closer in the real in the real word scale.The experimental results on real word problem, using data from 3 separate areas ofTehran, showed the superiority of the solution generated by the porposed intelligentAlgorithm to the solution generated by human experts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Waste Separation & Its Role in Increasing the Recycling Process
مراد کردی سعید تیموری احمد مرادعلیانThe daily increase of urban population in Tehran, along with the creation of new populated centers, the lack or weakness of policy-making and the evaluation of various urban functions and activities based on comprehensive and large-scale national plan, the change of con MoreThe daily increase of urban population in Tehran, along with the creation of new populated centers, the lack or weakness of policy-making and the evaluation of various urban functions and activities based on comprehensive and large-scale national plan, the change of consumption patterns and the continuity of waste discharge of the urban environment are the factors that create crisis which has caused after-crisis and has put to various risks many natural environments and the quality of health in humans; also, it has caused the discard of over 7000 tons of waste material. The discards are consisted of valuable metals, useable glass dishes, paper, recyclable plastic, pet, food waste and etc which are rich in nutrients. Among these useful waste materials, substances such as mercury in batteries, cadmium of fluorescent bulbs, toxic chemical cleaners also exist. Separating the bad waste materials from the good ones extremely helps in keeping the environment and human life healthy and helps the society to save more money. Today's urban management professionals have decided to find a way which helps people save more money and at the same time protect the environment and human health. This article states the importance and necessity of the waste separation plan and illustrates the problems caused by the unsuccessful implementation of the project and mentions the strategies which help the better implement of optimal plan coverage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Identify the factors affecting the adoption of waste management by the citizens of Tehran
Shaghayegh Kheiri Akram Azad ArmakiIntroduction and purpose of research: Wastes generated in Tehran that is true dirty gold and entering the valuable water and soil resources, Ecosystems will lead to more pollution and there are many diseases. Due to this the correct way to collect waste in the city have MoreIntroduction and purpose of research: Wastes generated in Tehran that is true dirty gold and entering the valuable water and soil resources, Ecosystems will lead to more pollution and there are many diseases. Due to this the correct way to collect waste in the city have been emphasized therefore the aim of the study it was Identify the factors affecting the adoption of waste management.Method: The study was the applied and descriptive – correlational method. The research population was all in Tehran Housewives. The sample size was determined by Cochran's formula (n= 385). Proportional stratified random sampling method was used. Data was collected through an instrument that developed by researchers. Validity estimated by a panel of experts in University and Environmental experts, department of Tehran city. Reliability was conducted by a Pilot test study and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient assumed (0/78≤ α ≤ 0/95) which show its suit for research conduct.Findings: the result showed that there was a significant difference between seven variables Education, citizenship education, citizen participation, the role of the media, economic, political and cultural factors in the adoption of waste management among citizens of Tehran.Conclusions: Spearman test with 95% confidence significant positive relationship between education and the adoption of waste management revealed citizens. Pearson test with 99% confidence significant positive relationship between cultural factors, political, economic, media's role, participation and citizenship education and Waste Management Admission indicated. Due to the above factors can be co-citizens in waste management (waste separation, etc.) to be optimized Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Analyzing the Improvement Criteria of Urban Waste Management Based on Internet-of-Thing (IoT) Technology Using Dimatel Method
Nadi Alizadeh Masoud ahmadigorjiIntroduction and Aim: Waste management is a key issue of stable environmental development stimulated the relevant authorities to appropriately manage it. In recent years, the operational costs of waste management have increased which most of it assigned to collect MoreIntroduction and Aim: Waste management is a key issue of stable environmental development stimulated the relevant authorities to appropriately manage it. In recent years, the operational costs of waste management have increased which most of it assigned to collection and transportation section. Hence, it is required to examine the substituent approaches using the modern technologies. Parallel to sophisticated challenge of resources management, health, pollution, traffic and waste management, we encounter with emerging of technology-based smart cities their standards and exploitations approaches are not still elucidated. The main purpose of this research is to analytically evaluate the improvement criteria of the urban waste management based on internet-of-thing (IoT) technology.Method: Dematel method is utilized to identify and assess the mutual relation between criteria and network equations' mapping.Achievements: The smart infrastructure criterion is the most effective factor and the smart interface layer is the most affectable factor. Additionally, the smart interface layer has the most relation with other system factors. Conclusion: With the aim of reduction in operational cost, the IoT technology can optimize the waste collection services based on conversion of the waste management to data-based collection procedures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - An economic model for food packaging waste management with a sustainable development approach
avideh Asadollahi Hamid Tohidi Ahmad ShojaBackground and Objective: Today, food packaging waste management is a challenge on a global scale that has faced many economic constraints in developing countries. If this waste is not managed properly, it will have irreparable consequences on the quality of the environ MoreBackground and Objective: Today, food packaging waste management is a challenge on a global scale that has faced many economic constraints in developing countries. If this waste is not managed properly, it will have irreparable consequences on the quality of the environment and human health. The purpose of this paper is to select sustainable scenarios for packaging waste management based on product design. Material and Methodology: In this research, by simulating a mathematical model, the costs of waste management scenarios and at the same time the detrimental effects on environmental quality and human health have been minimized. The proposed model, which can be used in various industries, has been implemented using binary genetic optimization algorithm, taking into account the design details, life cycle analysis and end-of-life options (in the form of 9 management scenarios). Findings: In general, estimating the optimal solution of the proposed model in each product group, shows the winning scenario appropriate to the optimal design alternative, which is an economic option with the least destructive effects on the environment and human health. The results of model implementation for a real example show in seven product groups defined four scenarios (25% source reduction, 25% recycling and 45% incineration and only 5% landfill) and scenario five (source reduction by 60% and incineration of 30% of waste and 10% landfill) are the winning options for optimal designs in most product groups. Discussion and Conclusion: The simulated model helps manufacturers to have a proper estimate of the environmental and economic consequences of the designed product. This research also enables decision makers and policy makers to achieve the goals of sustainable development, by legislating more manufacturers to accept responsibility for end-of-life management of their products as well as municipalities to set up a network. Encourage urban waste management systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Quantity and quality evaluation of the Cellulose Nanocrystalline Production from Date Palms (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) by Hydrolysis Method
Ali khaziri Hassan Zaki Dizaji Mohammad Reza Fathi EmadabadiBackground and Objective: Cellulose in the wastes and losses of the agricultural branch can be a good source to produce cellulose-based valuable materials in the industry. Cellulose and nanocrystalline cellulose are extracted and produced by various processes from diffe MoreBackground and Objective: Cellulose in the wastes and losses of the agricultural branch can be a good source to produce cellulose-based valuable materials in the industry. Cellulose and nanocrystalline cellulose are extracted and produced by various processes from different natural sources. The subject of this study was to investigate the conditions of acid hydrolysis on the structure of cellulose nanocrystals produced from palm waste. Material and Methodology: In this research, cellulose was first extracted from Date palm leaves, and it was then converted to the cellulose nanocrystal by acid hydrolysis of the nanocrystal cellulose. In this research, the effect of 3 temperature parameters (at 30, 45 and 60 ° C) and 3 time (at 45, 60 and 120 minutes on three levels) on the quality and quantity of nanocrystals from palm tree leaves were investigated. Several experiments with infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size measurement (PSA) techniques were used to analyze qualitative and quantitative qualities such as factor groups, morphology, diameter distribution and shape Nanocrystals have been studied. Findings: The results showed that more severe treatments produce smaller Nano-crystals. The results of the Particle Measurement (PSA) showed that most extractive particles have dimensions ranging from 5 to 100 nanometers and are mostly 30 nm. Also, the results (XRD) showed that extractive nanocellulose had a purity of between 70 and 80 percent. In this study, the time of 60 minutes and 60 Celsius temperatures were identified as the best factors among similar factors. In this treatment, 50% of particles have a mean diameter of 1.37 nm. The maximum and minimum diameter of the observed particles was 6.34 and 0.41 nm, respectively. Also, the results of cellulose extraction from palm leaf showed that increasing the temperature in the lignification and coloring step increases the purity of the extracellular cellulose. In addition, the increase in temperature resulted in a decrease in the amount of cellulose produced, possibly due to the increased effect of chemical treatments and cellulose degradation. Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that if the extracted cellulose nanocrystals were transformed into a network, they had the potential to be used in nano filters and nano-scaffolds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Study on the Effective Process Parameters Simultaneously for Survey of Solid Waste Management of Khomarlu City in Summer 2013
SeyedAlireza Mousavi Abdolah Darghahi Farnaz AziziIntroduction:Increase the amount, varietyandMismanagementof manufacturingwastehas been most importantsocietydifficult that are cause environmental pollutionandhealth risks.The purpose ofthisstudy was to evaluatethe current status of the quantity and qualityofwastekhomar MoreIntroduction:Increase the amount, varietyandMismanagementof manufacturingwastehas been most importantsocietydifficult that are cause environmental pollutionandhealth risks.The purpose ofthisstudy was to evaluatethe current status of the quantity and qualityofwastekhomarloand exposure suitable solution in the summer of1392.Materials &Methods:Thisstudy wascross– sectional that with surveying waste management khomarlo cityperformed in summer 1392. Samplingand Physical analysisof waste,at3months (July, August andSeptember)were done,Eachmonth,three samples were selected for separation. Due to the low amount of municipal waste generated per day (one container), the total daily waste was selected .ByBalance weighing50kg were used.Todetermine thedensityof wasteina containermarkedwith volumedepletion, andwastedensitywas calculatedby dividingweightbyvolumeFindings:According toresearchthe average per capitawasteis 2.02 kg/capita-day inthe summer. Average weight ofputresciblematerials 59.31, plastic17.91, Paper 7.14, the metal 1.97, glass 3.58, textile 3.09,timber 3.87 and other items were 3.13. Averagedensitywas 358.3,Also most percent organicmaterials and paper were in AugustandJuly,respectively.Discussion& Conclusion: According to the findings,59% waste is wetand41% ofthe remainingwasteis drying.thatconditions tobeprovided foradverseenvironmental and health.Therefore,recommendedpublic education toreduce the volumeof waste produced, with emphasis on source separation andaccuratewaste management Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Providing Optimal Model for Municipal Solid Waste Management System Using Genetic Algorithm Based on Fuzzy Logic (Case Study: Tehran City)
monireh ahani reza arjmandi hasan hoveidi Jamal Ghoddousi mohammad reza miri lavasaniBackground and Purpose: In recent years, a variety of models have been used to evaluate the waste management systems in Tehran in order to select the best waste management options. But the problem of the final disposal of waste in Tehran is still one of the issues relat MoreBackground and Purpose: In recent years, a variety of models have been used to evaluate the waste management systems in Tehran in order to select the best waste management options. But the problem of the final disposal of waste in Tehran is still one of the issues related to the environmental management of the metropolis. The purpose of this study is to provide one model for allocating optimal annual quantities of waste to waste management subsystems of Tehran in order to achieve the highest efficiency, reduce costs and increase system revenue.Materials and Methods: In this research, first by referring to the Arad Kooh complex in Tehran and interviewing with experts and using the information recorded in this complex, the required data was collected. Then, an optimal model proposed for allocating optimal annual amount of municipal waste with considering all of limitations to 5 sub-systems of recycling, aerobic compost, anaerobic digestion, incinerator , landfill using genetic algorithm improved by fuzzy logic with the aim of reducing the total cost of the municipal waste management system in the MATLAB environment and its results were analyzed.Findings: The significant results showed with increasing capacity the subsystems with lower cost and more profitability, the system will not necessarily seek to be optimized and optimal amount of waste allocated to each of the subsystems such as recycling, aerobic compost, anaerobic digestion, incinerator and landfill were estimated about 750,000, 960000, 182000, 325000, 780000 tons in each year, respectively.Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results of the optimal model proposed in this study, it is necessary to carefully follow the flow and optimal allocation of waste from the annual production of Tehran to each of the following subsystems: recycling, aerobic compost, anaerobic digestion, incinerator and landfill in order to achieve the high annual efficiency for municipal solid waste management system in Tehran city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - A Hybrid Multi-criteria Decision-making and Allocation Model for Selection of Hospital Waste Disposal Firms
Mohammad amin Sabeti Karajvandani Ghasem Abbasi Omid Amirtaheri Soheila KhishtandarBackground and Objective: In a context where substantial volumes of hospital waste are generated and disposed of daily, the ineffective sanitary disposal of such waste can lead to environmental risks and higher operational expenses. However, hospitals frequently overloo MoreBackground and Objective: In a context where substantial volumes of hospital waste are generated and disposed of daily, the ineffective sanitary disposal of such waste can lead to environmental risks and higher operational expenses. However, hospitals frequently overlook objective criteria when evaluating and selecting waste disposal firms, relying instead on subjective judgment and past experiences. This research proposes a decision-making framework that presents a hybrid model combining multi-criteria decision-making and linear programming. The primary objective of this study is to propose a safe and efficient method for outsourcing disposing of or recycling hospital waste. Material and Methodology: This study presents a framework for decision-making in hospital waste disposal, addressing both single and multiple outsourcing scenarios. Firstly, the literature is reviewed to identify the criteria for evaluating waste disposal firms. The DEMATEL method is employed to explore the cause-and-effect relationships among these criteria, selecting the most significant ones and visualizing their causal relationships in a network format. The analytic network process (ANP) method is then utilized to evaluate and choose the most suitable waste disposal firm in a single outsourcing scenario. Additionally, to mitigate the risks associated with single outsourcing, a linear programming model is introduced for multiple outsourcing. This mathematical model determines the optimal allocation of waste quantities to various waste disposal firms, aiming to maximize the overall amount of waste disposed of by these firms. Fidings: The framework introduced in this study was put into practice to assess and choose hospital waste disposal firms in Tehran. Through a comprehensive literature review, 10 evaluation criteria were identified. Among these, the six most influential criteria were selected using the DEMATEL method, and their causal relationships were depicted in a network. The ANP was employed to assign weights to the evaluation criteria and the candidate firms. The evaluation criteria, in descending order of importance, include qualified human resources, recycling and disposal capacity, experience, cost, collection and transportation infrastructure, and waste disposal and recycling technology. Furthermore, a linear programming model was solved using Lingo software to optimize the allocation of waste among the candidate firms. Discussion & Conclusion: The decision-making model presented in this article offers advantages to both hospital officials and urban pollution control officials in the context of outsourcing sanitary waste disposal. The outcomes obtained from implementing the proposed framework demonstrate that decision-making based on this model not only benefits hospitals in selecting a suitable firm but also helps to mitigate conflicts of interest and disagreements between hospitals, sanitary waste disposal firms, and urban pollution control officials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Application of Analytical Hierarchy process (AHP) for environmental and technical assessment of using industrial and construction debris in road pavement layers
Mohammad Delnavaz Hossein Hasanpour Hossein ZangooeiBackground and Objective: The efficient waste management and the environmental protection are important issues in engineering field especially in road construction. Excessive consumption of natural materials for construction and rehabilitation of roads damages the natur MoreBackground and Objective: The efficient waste management and the environmental protection are important issues in engineering field especially in road construction. Excessive consumption of natural materials for construction and rehabilitation of roads damages the natural environment severely. Therefore, in this research, the use of excavation debris and the steel slag in the road pavement evaluated. Methods: for this purpose, the experiments consisted of plastic and liquid limit, sand equivalent (SE), Los Angeles abrasion, soundness of aggregate and CBR test were done and the reliability of the materials was determined by several factors using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Findings: The result of CBR test on debris was obtained 36.2 that indicated the quality of this debris for sub-base layer. On the other hand, the steel slag arising from electric arc furnace cannot be used alone in the pavement layer of road because of lack of adhesion properties and therefore the steel slag was mixed with adhesive materials. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed proper quality of construction debris and steel slag in road pavement by considering different factors especially environmental issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Study of Solid Waste Management of Hotels placed in District No 6 of the City of Tehran
Monireh Majlesi Ghasem Ali Omrani Parisa ElahiIn past times, Tehran citys solid waste management was included mostly collecting and burying waste. Environmental knowledge was increased over times due to improvement in environment technology and sciences and so the relationship between the public health and environm MoreIn past times, Tehran citys solid waste management was included mostly collecting and burying waste. Environmental knowledge was increased over times due to improvement in environment technology and sciences and so the relationship between the public health and environment became more obvious. Main waste producer sections are trading centers such as hotels and restaurants which mostly produce semi-household wastes. According to studies undertaken on District 6 of Tehran city, hotels are the main waste producers. The most part of waste composition includes organic and regenerative matters with plant-and animal-based origin (70%). So solid waste management must concentrate mostly on such materials separations and compost production. Hotels solid waste management is a topic which yet no study has been implemented about it or if any, there is no publication in general and expertise libraries about the subject. The present study has been carried out since 1385 to 1386 aiming to investigate the current status of solid waste management dominated on Tehrans hotels. There are 72 hotels, 180 hostels and 160 restaurants in the city. Study areas include waste production rate, distinction of physical composition, Storage, collecting and transportation systems. To improve waste management task it is necessary to obtain required knowledge about these steps. Data gathering with respect to hotels solid waste management was performed through referral for sampling (random selection), physical analysis and questionnaire completion in which the later was carried out with 11 copies for hotels in District 6. The questionnaires have been standardized according to Delphi method. Among hotels with various ranking in service delivery quality, two hotels were selected randomly and considered for investigation, (in some cases with seemingly more changes, the number was increased to 4 hotels). Sampling of two hotels (Enghelab and Azadi) in the District was carried out with 3 referrals for Physical analysis and waste fractions weight was measured separately. Above mentioned trading units have been selected randomly for physical analysis and because of waste composition similarities in hotels (due to undertaken studies), a bin was selected randomly for every trading unit which then was analyzed physically. Step sampling method has been introduced for final conclusion. Based on the project findings, hotels’ waste production per capita is bout 1-1.5 kg. It was also observed that waste separation is not undertaken in 36.3 percent of hotels but 63.6 percent do the task mostly for dried bread. The study shows the average percent of waste physical composition in hotels is as following: 75.8% wet residual, 14.6% plastic, 1.5% metal cans, 2.5% paper, 3% glass and 2.5% other materials. It was also shown that 27 percent of hotels were not equipped with bin and 45 percent had 1.2 and 3 bins, 27 percent had more than 4 bins. Waste collecting procedure is carried out in un-mechanized collection system in 27.3 percent of hotels which 36.4 percent of them are satisfied with mechanical waste collection and 36.4 percent are very satisfied with the method Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Comparison of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Solid Waste Management Systems Using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
Mohammad Javad Zoghi Ariayaman Ghavidel Mohsen SaeediBackground and Objective: Municipal solid waste treatment is one of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions sources. Waste management systems can affect GHG emissions from these sources. This study evaluates the current and other three patterns of integrated waste management MoreBackground and Objective: Municipal solid waste treatment is one of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions sources. Waste management systems can affect GHG emissions from these sources. This study evaluates the current and other three patterns of integrated waste management systems (IWMSs) with respect to greenhouse gas emissions, using life cycle assessment (LCA), based on the Lavandevil case. Method: System 1 represents the current MSW management in Lavandevil, including collection, transport and landfilling. Other three IWMSs along with collection, transport, landfilling and incineration include recycling (system 2), anaerobic digestion (system 3) and recycling and anaerobic digestion (system 4). Results: The results show that global warming potential (GWP) from system 1 amounts to 840 Kg CO2 eq, whereas GWP from system 4 reduces to 474 Kg CO2 eq for each ton of Lavandevil’s MSW. Considering the results obtained from this study, in all management systems (system S1-S4), lanfilling has the highest share in GWP increasing. GWP from landfilling can be reduced by power generation from landfill gas (LFG). Therefore, in this study, all management systems (system S1-S4) are assumed under two different methods (landfilling with and without energy recovery). By assumption, 75% recovery of landfill gas results in a GWP reduction of nearly 36% by GWP of landfilling. Conclusion: The results show that source separation and use of separate waste in recycling and anaerobic decomposition processes have the highest impact in GWP reducing. Therefore, this study suhhests that source separation of waste, recycling and anaerobic decomposition treatment should be increased in the country’s waste management systems. On condition that both treatment systems could not be founded together, recycling is favorable over anaerobic digestion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Study of Solid Waste Management of Hotels placed in District No 6 of the City of Tehran
Ali Akbar Sabziparvar Azadeh KazemiIn past times, Tehran citys solid waste management was included mostly collecting and burying waste. Environmental knowledge was increased over times due to improvement in environment technology and sciences and so the relationship between the public health and environm MoreIn past times, Tehran citys solid waste management was included mostly collecting and burying waste. Environmental knowledge was increased over times due to improvement in environment technology and sciences and so the relationship between the public health and environment became more obvious. Main waste producer sections are trading centers such as hotels and restaurants which mostly produce semi-household wastes. According to studies undertaken on District 6 of Tehran city, hotels are the main waste producers. The most part of waste composition includes organic and regenerative matters with plant-and animal-based origin (70%). So solid waste management must concentrate mostly on such materials separations and compost production. Hotels solid waste management is a topic which yet no study has been implemented about it or if any, there is no publication in general and expertise libraries about the subject. The present study has been carried out since 1385 to 1386 aiming to investigate the current status of solid waste management dominated on Tehrans hotels. There are 72 hotels, 180 hostels and 160 restaurants in the city. Study areas include waste production rate, distinction of physical composition, Storage, collecting and transportation systems. To improve waste management task it is necessary to obtain required knowledge about these steps. Data gathering with respect to hotels solid waste management was performed through referral for sampling (random selection), physical analysis and questionnaire completion in which the later was carried out with 11 copies for hotels in District 6. The questionnaires have been standardized according to Delphi method. Among hotels with various ranking in service delivery quality, two hotels were selected randomly and considered for investigation, (in some cases with seemingly more changes, the number was increased to 4 hotels). Sampling of two hotels (Enghelab and Azadi) in the District was carried out with 3 referrals for Physical analysis and waste fractions weight was measured separately. Above mentioned trading units have been selected randomly for physical analysis and because of waste composition similarities in hotels (due to undertaken studies), a bin was selected randomly for every trading unit which then was analyzed physically. Step sampling method has been introduced for final conclusion. Based on the project findings, hotels’ waste production per capita is bout 1-1.5 kg. It was also observed that waste separation is not undertaken in 36.3 percent of hotels but 63.6 percent do the task mostly for dried bread. The study shows the average percent of waste physical composition in hotels is as following: 75.8% wet residual, 14.6% plastic, 1.5% metal cans, 2.5% paper, 3% glass and 2.5% other materials. It was also shown that 27 percent of hotels were not equipped with bin and 45 percent had 1.2 and 3 bins, 27 percent had more than 4 bins. Waste collecting procedure is carried out in un-mechanized collection system in 27.3 percent of hotels which 36.4 percent of them are satisfied with mechanical waste collection and 36.4 percent are very satisfied with the method Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Positioning waste management laws in comparison with France's laws and utilizing the Strategic Position and Action Evaluation (SPACE) matrix
Jafar Nouri Seyed Abbas Pourhashemi Reza Arjmandi Fatemeh AlimardaniIntroduction:In this study, a comparative analysis has been made between the environmental laws and regulationsrelated to waste in Iran (as a developing country) and France (as a developed country) to presentmanagement solutions using three models of QSPM, SPACE and SWO MoreIntroduction:In this study, a comparative analysis has been made between the environmental laws and regulationsrelated to waste in Iran (as a developing country) and France (as a developed country) to presentmanagement solutions using three models of QSPM, SPACE and SWOT.Materials and Methods:In the present study, the two systems were initially identified, assessed and analyzed by comparativeanalysis, and after the completion of related questionnaires by some of the professors and experts ofEnvironment and Energy Faculty, the data were normalized. Then the superior strategies of SWOTwere identified by the QSPM model and employed in presenting management solutions.Results and Discussion:Strategic Position and Action Evaluation (SPACE) matrix showed that Iran laws were in a defensiveposition and this means that the internal weaknesses must be rectified and the external threats must beavoided. For the effectiveness of management solutions for reducing adverse effects of waste,rectification of the following legal issues should be given priority: enacting Environmental NationalPolicy law, establishing an environmental special commission in the country’s parliament,establishing special courts for environmental crimes, employing Justice Ministry official experts toaccelerate the settlement of environmental records, amending the law enforcement procedures,motivating and supporting the private sector in recycling the waste from laboratories and hospitals,expediting the preparation of a list of special wastes and providing the necessary legal facilities forreducing the volume of special wastes, and enacting binding legislations for application of up-to-datestandards and environmentally friendly technologies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Assessment of Hospital Waste Management system with focus on disinfection method
keivan saeb Saeed Kardar Farah Salehi Shohreh alidoustBackground and objective: Hospital wastes are the second hazardous wastes after radioactive wastes. Proper management of this wastes cause to affordable disposal of hospital wastes which is also compatible with the environment. The present study has been done to evaluat MoreBackground and objective: Hospital wastes are the second hazardous wastes after radioactive wastes. Proper management of this wastes cause to affordable disposal of hospital wastes which is also compatible with the environment. The present study has been done to evaluate the quantity of waste produced and also the function of safety methods in Sari's hospitals. Method: Required data were collected by going to the production and storage of waste and assessment of the devices function have been done based on biological monitoring of indicator bacteria in infectious wastes. Findings: Average of total wastes produced were 3198 kg per day in Sari's hospitals and per capita waste production were estimated kg per bed per day 2.49. Average of normal wastes, infectious wastes and winning wastes and radiation wastes were determined per bed respectively, 1.56, 0.7, 0.22, 0.01 kg per day. The total wastes and infectious wastes in private hospitals were more than of public hospitals and Social Security. The results showed that 46% and 36% of infectious wastes have been annihilated by incineration and safe methods respectively. Biological monitoring showed that the most of function Safety devices were at an acceptable level in hospitals. They have been eliminated with an average 80% of microorganisms. Discussion and conclusion: Waste production in the most of our hospitals, especially private hospitals, are much higher than usual offered by the World Health Organization. The results show that the size of hospitals (large or small) have no influence in the production of solid waste per bed, and there were related to the type of ownership and management procedures largely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Strategic Planning Management of Solid Waste in Zahedan City Using SWOT Method
Hamid-Reza Rakhshaninasab Khadijeh SafariBackground and Objective: Nowadays, with the advances of sciences and technologies, production and management of solid waste have been significantly transformed. Regarding the fact that in the present age, strategic management is considered as an MoreBackground and Objective: Nowadays, with the advances of sciences and technologies, production and management of solid waste have been significantly transformed. Regarding the fact that in the present age, strategic management is considered as an effective step in attaining organizational successes and also realization of organizational objectives in long-term plans; therefore, in the preset study, the strategic planning management of solid waste in Zahedan City is investigated and presented. Method: In order to present the strategic planning management of the waste of Zahedan City, the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) were employed. In addition, the professional ideas of elites and experts were used. Findings: The findings of the present study indicate that the most strategy with the highest score for realization of the organization's objective and achieving sustainable development in Zahedan City, the government's cooperation and support for allocation of credits is necessary. Providing the situation of attracting and participating private sectors, necessity of education and public acculturation, codifying production approaches and software sections and the lack of executing regulations and laws regarding management of the waste are among the effective strategies in improving solid waste management in Zahedan. Discussion and Conclusion: Strategic priorities obtained from the study can take a significant step in the path of sustainable development for the realization of ecological objectives of management of the waste in Zahedan. On the other hand, municipalities and local organizations can execute and organize the required policies for reinforcing local innovations and Initiatives. Furthermore, families, industries and occupations, offices and providers of services working in the domain of waste are required to execute MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) management system Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Assessing the occupational challenges for Tehran Municipality Waste Management educators
Mojtaba Khanjani Farzam Babaei semiromi Ebrahim TalaeiBackground and Objective: Waste Management Organization (WMO) has always sought to educate and promote citizens in waste separation from the source. WMO, by developing the training programs, seeks to teach the concept of waste management operations to public citizens. T MoreBackground and Objective: Waste Management Organization (WMO) has always sought to educate and promote citizens in waste separation from the source. WMO, by developing the training programs, seeks to teach the concept of waste management operations to public citizens. This can be done through the municipal waste management educators. However, the question that should be addressed in this study is that: what challenges the municipal waste management educators are faced with in carrying out their duties, knowing that the problems and challenges of a career in teaching are usually considered as barriers. Method: This study was carried out based on the questionnaires of Akphilet and Kout, in which 172 educators, working in municipal WMO, responded 5 questions on the Likert scale. Findings: Occupational challenges check reveals that the place of employment has not provided the necessary opportunities for learning and professional development. Yet, 59% of the educators believed that the organization needed to encourage learning and did not provide the basis for more professional development. However, the teachers of 20-25 and over 35 years old are seeking professional development opportunities more than others, and people become less willing to use their professional growth opportunities with the increase of their experience. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that the influence of organizational factors of progress is more than individual factors. The people believe that the organization have to provide the basis for development and professional growth rather than attempting to make development and professional growth by themselves. The regression coefficient calculated for professional development measures showed that different parts affect the process of professional development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Review and assess the social determinants of household waste produced per capita loss (Case Study: Tehran Municipality Region 3 and 10)
Yaghowb Peyvastehgar Jahanbin MirzaiiAbstract Background and Objective: Increasing production of waste in cities is an issue that municipalities deal with it and a significant amount of municipal funds spent on the collection, transport and disposal of the waste, in addition to the many environmental probl MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Increasing production of waste in cities is an issue that municipalities deal with it and a significant amount of municipal funds spent on the collection, transport and disposal of the waste, in addition to the many environmental problems will follow. Method: This paper aims to identify social factors that influence the production of household waste is reduced. For this purpose, the two regions 3 and 10 of Tehran municipality in terms of per capita household waste generation and associated social factors were studied. Because these two regions close together despite the population, in terms of physical and social differences with each other, which can help reduce household waste produced per capita. Then to answer assumptions, based on a survey questionnaire containing open and closed questions was used. Findings: The findings show that many social factors have a direct impact on per capita production of household waste, such as age, gender, marital status, family size, length of stay in Tehran and region, type of home and respect for the separation of waste. Then the two regions based on criteria and indicators of physical, social, environmental and management were evaluated and by region 3, percentage points respectively is 67, 64, 36 and 38 and the region 10 is 47, 46, 33 and 36. Finally, 20 action plan to reduce domestic waste generation per capita was presented with an emphasis on social factors. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the questionnaire were analyzed by using statistical tests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Industrial Waste Management;Case Study, Shams Abad Industrial Park
Soude Pazouki Hamid Reza JafariIntroduction: Increasing hazardous industrial waste and lack of necessary regulations for management of them have led to serious problems in some parts of Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the situation of collection, transportation, recycling, and disposal of MoreIntroduction: Increasing hazardous industrial waste and lack of necessary regulations for management of them have led to serious problems in some parts of Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the situation of collection, transportation, recycling, and disposal of hazardous industrial wastes in the Shams Abad Industrial Park of Tehran, Iran. Method: The research was descipttive, cross sectional one. The data was gathered by first referring to industrial units and completion of Iranian Environmental Organization Questionnaire and then analyzing the gathered data.Findings: In the Shams Abad Industrial Park, 532224 ton/year or 1478ton/day of different industrial waste is produced. The biggest proportion of waste includes mineral wastes which are about 426048 ton/year or 805%. The smallest proportion in Cellulose waste is produced at a rate of 30.36 ton/year or 0.005%. 90 percent of the active industries at this park produce solid industrial waste.Results and Discussion: The result of this study showed that disposal of these wastes is mainly done by recycling and re-usage in other industries is about 85%. The best , most economic, and most environment-friendly waste management activity of the Shams Abad Industrial Park is prevention of production, increasing the potential recycling, and reuse of material with emphasis on sorting at the production site, increasing mechanical sorting, and decreasing production of disposable waste. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Industrial Waste Management (Case study: Abbas Abad Industrial Park)
Soudeh Pazouki Hamidreza JafariBackground and Objective: Increasing hazardous industrial waste and lack of necessary regulations for their management have led to serious problems in some parts of Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the situation of collection, transportation, recycling, and d MoreBackground and Objective: Increasing hazardous industrial waste and lack of necessary regulations for their management have led to serious problems in some parts of Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the situation of collection, transportation, recycling, and disposal of hazardous industrial wastes in Abbas Abad Industrial Park of Tehran, Iran. Method: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study performed using questionnaires and local visit during 2013. Findings: In Abbas Abad Industrial Park, 60,000 ton/year or 165ton/day of different industrial waste is produced. The largest proportion of waste includes metal waste which is about 47,232 ton/year or 80%. The smallest proportion is textile waste which is produced at a rate of 34 ton/year or 1%. 90% of the active industries at the Park produce solid industrial waste. Conclusion: Disposal of these wastes is mainly done by selling to trading agencies in amount of about 55%. The wastes of most industrial units at this Park have the potential to be recycled and re-used in other industries in amount of about 33.2%. The best, most economic, and most environment-friendly waste management activity in Abbas Abad Industrial Park is prevention of production, increase in the potential of recycling, and reuse of material with emphasis on sorting at the production site, increase of mechanical sorting, and decrease in production of disposable waste. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Evaluation of HSE risks in the process of collecting and transferring urban solid waste (Case study of Tehran's 5th and 22nd districts
Manouchehr Omidvari Mahsa Afshari badrloo Farzam BabaeiIntroduction: Waste materials are produced as a result of human activity and work. Population growth and rising living standards increase the quantity of these substances. In other words, solid waste is an integral part of human life. The growth of technology and more u MoreIntroduction: Waste materials are produced as a result of human activity and work. Population growth and rising living standards increase the quantity of these substances. In other words, solid waste is an integral part of human life. The growth of technology and more use of natural resources and energy conversion has increased the size and complexity of solid waste production. These wastes must somehow move away from human habitation or re-enter the material and energy cycle. Today, irrational disposal of waste in addition to many disorders of the ecosystem and the emergence of many dangers in the world. Therefore, it is appropriate to take basic steps in this field to protect the environment and reduce economic losses.Goal: In this study, to achieve general and specific goals, the information collected in the two sections was information related to experts and residents of the two areas of Tehran.Design and Methods: First, Excel software was used to store and analyze information. In this way, the data were entered into Excel software and analyzed, and finally displayed in the form of tables and graphs by regions, and then the criteria and sub-criteria set by experts that the data were collected through a questionnaire. It has been analyzed using super decisions software.Results: The risk assessment form examines three criteria of environmental, safety, and health in two regions 5 and 22, each of which is effective in terms of safety, health, and the environment with weights in both regions 5 and region 22 of Tehran. The main environmental criteria in Zone 5 and the main safety criteria in Zone 22 are the high weight. Risk assessment form (HAZID method) is the environmental criterion of region 5, the highest risk number with 540 is related to dredging activity, washing elements, sweeping, administrative affairs, ..... Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Waste management of Food industries in Rasht
Masoud Monavari Zahra Behjat Nejad Zanjani Mahsa AghakhaniRasht, as the center of Gilan province, has the highest number of food industries and since these industries in the northern part of the country, especially Gilan are the most dominant existing ones, it seemed necessary to study management conditions of the food industr MoreRasht, as the center of Gilan province, has the highest number of food industries and since these industries in the northern part of the country, especially Gilan are the most dominant existing ones, it seemed necessary to study management conditions of the food industries’ residuals through observation and filling in topic questionnaires in 40 active industrial units in Rasht. As the first step in this research, the food industries of the city were identified and classified based on their products. Then, active units were specified and their residuals’ management status was studied. Next, obtained data were analyzed using statistical softwares such as SPSS and other softwares were used for drawing relevant tables and diagrams. To study the quality of residuals and their compositions in each food industry group, the temporary storage places were surveyed and through filling in the questionnaires by those in charge the physical analysis of the residuals and the production levels were reviewed the results of which are as follows: Studies showed that the majority of food industries in Rasht did not pay close attention to environmental aspects, particularly the management of their residuals; they did not observe environmental regulations; they considered the cooperation of environment experts costly and problematic and often would not take any measure to analyze their residuals. It is noteworthy that among all food industries of the city only one of them was selected as the “Green Industry”. It was also found that bread, biscuit and drinks producing groups had the highest level of industrial wastes while bread, biscuit and drinks producing groups showed the highest level of domestic wastes. About 63% of the wastes from industrial residuals were recyclable; however only were practically recycled. The most frequent waste disposal methods exercised by the industries were selling (45.6%) and hygienic burying (32%). In addition, some industries burned a part (4.3%) of their wastes in a nonstandard way. The common way of keeping wastes until disposal was open stores in the factory that in itself could cause pollution. The major source of industrial wastes in food industries could be said to be from products (24.32%) and then those of packaging (20.58%). Moreover, the time periods of waste disposal in 48.2% of industries were case disposals and 15.4% of them were reported on a daily basis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Investigation on Thresholds of Criteria Affecting Site Selection of Municipal Landfills
Akram Bemani Mahdi Mozaiffar Malihe ErfaniBackground Objective: Solid waste landfill site selection requires proper studies and management practices, and many criteria affect the site selection of suitable landfill, not paying attention to them can cause severe environmental pollution and harm to humans. Severa MoreBackground Objective: Solid waste landfill site selection requires proper studies and management practices, and many criteria affect the site selection of suitable landfill, not paying attention to them can cause severe environmental pollution and harm to humans. Several criteria have been proposed to select the appropriate site for landfill, each of them cause specific restrictions and requirements for location. In other words, each criterion is based on scientific fields, so that such studies have found multidimensional identity and interdisciplinary structure. Methods and materials: In this study, the most important criteria affecting the landfill site selection based on lecture review and study of various guidelines have been identified. In this study, in addition to introducing these criteria, the importance of each of the mentioned criteria in the site selection of municipal landfill is discussed. For all these criteria, numerical values of appropriate thresholds were also investigated in different studies. Results: Some of the most important criteria are slope, bedrock, faults, distance from surface water sources, depth of groundwater, dominant wind, rainfall, protected areas, distance from urban and rural settlements, land use, distance from road network. Locations and distance from historical and ancient centers. Discussion: Due to the lack of a coherent study on the importance of criteria and thresholds, this study could be used as a model for landfill site selection considering the environmental characteristics of the area by researchers and decision makers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Evaluation of waste situation in Yazd city Using D.P.S.R model and planning strategies for wast Management
Mohammad hossein Saraei Mahin Hazeri Marziyah AsadalaeiTarget field: With the increasing urban population, increasing prosperity, extreme consumerism and changing patterns of people's lives, has increased the amount of waste. In the absence of waste management, will be many environmental problems. The purpose of the researc MoreTarget field: With the increasing urban population, increasing prosperity, extreme consumerism and changing patterns of people's lives, has increased the amount of waste. In the absence of waste management, will be many environmental problems. The purpose of the research is to evaluate and understand the current state of waste in Yazd city, to explain and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the waste system, and to formulate waste management strategies for this city.Analysis method: The nature and method of research is descriptive - analytical. Information is collected by field and library studies. This study was conducted in Yazd city. The waste situation in Yazd city is studied by D.P.S.R model. Driving forces include population, household welfare and consumption pattern. Pressure factors are commercial, office, educational, cultural, industrial workshops, health centers. After examining the Driving forces and pressure factors, the present situation is described. The swot model has been used to provide responses.Findings: Region 2 with the highest density of the population has the highest amount of waste in the Yazd city. Per capita waste in1 Region, is lower than other areas of Yazd city. Per capita waste in 3 Region is higher than other parts of the city. The implementation of source separation program is the most important strength and lack of citizen participation is the most important weakness. Low waste per capita and sustainable employment through the recycling industry is the most important opportunities. The negative attitudes to waste-related occupations and the inadequate cooperation of other organs are the most important threats.Results: Population density leads to more waste production, but the composition of waste depends on the welfare status of citizens. Comparison of wet and dry waste in Yazd city in 1385 and 1394 shows that the amount of dry waste has increased compared to wet waste, which is an indication of the change in the consumption pattern in Yazd city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Offering Conceptual Model for Public Participation in Solid Waste Management in Tehran (Case study: 3, 6 and 21 Districts)
Hanieh Tavanayi Mohammad Hassan Behzadi Mohammad reza KhaniNowadays due to the urban waste disposal problems and environmental pollution of this substances on natural resources and Ecosystem, it is inevitable public participation in the waste management. In the present research the factors affecting the rate of public participa MoreNowadays due to the urban waste disposal problems and environmental pollution of this substances on natural resources and Ecosystem, it is inevitable public participation in the waste management. In the present research the factors affecting the rate of public participation in waste management of the municipal districts 3, 6 and 21 of Tehran city has been studied and meanwhile conceptual model of public participation in waste management has been presented. The target statistical population is Tehran citizens over 12 years old residing in those districts and the sample volume is computed at the level of 95% with Cochran formula and the selected sampling method is Pseudo multistage cluster sampling meanwhile the research method is descriptive survey in sectional manner. Data collecting is done by means of the questionnaire consists of 21 questions. In order to perform the quantitative valuation of the questionnaire answers, Likert method has been applied. Research assumption after data collection have been analyzed by the software SPSS and after performing the Pearson correlation and regression lineal multiple tests among the effective factors of sex, age, education, number of family members, income and training. Our results determined the factor of training has a significant correlation with the rate of public participation in waste management and with higher level of training it is possible to increase the rate of public participation in waste management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Landfill Site Selection for Urban Hysteresis of Qazvin City using the AHP in ArcGIS Software
Younes Khosravi Hamid AshjaeiThe daily increase in populationand urban development, increasing consumption of undegradable materials and many other of mechanical and modern life aspects have caused to managers pay more attention to the issue of wastes. According to the environmental, economic and e MoreThe daily increase in populationand urban development, increasing consumption of undegradable materials and many other of mechanical and modern life aspects have caused to managers pay more attention to the issue of wastes. According to the environmental, economic and ecological impacts, choosing landfill must be done carefully and during a scientific process. This study was aimed to suggest the best places for municipal urban solid waste disposal in Qazvin. This investigation is an applied research using descriptive-analytical methods and was aimed to determine appropriate location for waste landfilling of Qazvin city. For this purpose, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and ArcGIS 10.3 software was used. Accordingly and given the required parameters for choosing the optimal site that have an important role in site selection such as Soil, Geology, Rivers, Roads, Cities and Villages points, Climatology, Roads etc., the AHP model was performed and the target areas were identified for landfill in Qazvin city. According to the maps and layers created, Potential areas for wastes disposal have been identified in 5 classes and were chosen Lands with an area of above 70 hectares from lands in fifth grade and for the best place to landfill in the range of 40 years old. Based on the results, the suitable area for landfill was diagnosed in central and northern parts of the Qazvin city cause of low permeability soil, suitable land use, suitable distance and good buffer from rivers, the distance from faults, cities and village, proximity to road access and communication and dry climate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Use of Decision Support Tools in Municipal Solid Waste Management (Case Study: Landfill Site Selection of Alborz Province)
Marzeyeh Mahtabi Oghani Akbar Najafi Habibollah Yunesi Mazaher MoeinaddiniWaste is natural consequence of living human communities and environmental hazards caused by environmental mismanagement of solid waste, one of the fundamental problems. In the past decades, exponential growth of urban population in developing countries and speed of urb MoreWaste is natural consequence of living human communities and environmental hazards caused by environmental mismanagement of solid waste, one of the fundamental problems. In the past decades, exponential growth of urban population in developing countries and speed of urbanization phenomenon, necessity of sustainable environmental development and efficient management of waste has been established. The main goal of the current study is applying various spatial analyses, with use of geographic information system in order to optimum site selection with minimal environmental adverse effects for urban waste burial. Therefore, in first step, effective data Layers in determining of landfill of Karaj ( like land use, streams, wetlands, roads, morphology, ground waters, demography, wildlife parks, soil) from data bases and organization was prepared. The second step, data layers (digital maps) was entered to soft ware of Arc GIS9.2 and data base was created. In the third step, according to limitations, suitable areas, was extracted with using of GIS. Then these data was applied as appropriate options ( input data) for AHP. In the next step for determination priorities of the remaining landfill options according to criteria is used by AHP. The results of this study are evidence that GIS and AHP provide performance tools for selection and priority of optimal landfill. Also in this study land slope and ground water have more important than other criteria and option 3 is most appropriate for landfill. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Evaluation of public participation in the management of municipal solid waste (Case Study: Abadan)
Arash Zamanian Forouzan FarrokhianNowadays, environmental awareness as one of the weaknesses in the management of municipal solid waste is considered. The study was a cross-sectional study was conducted in 1393. For the combined method (method, field, library and documentary, analytical and descriptive) MoreNowadays, environmental awareness as one of the weaknesses in the management of municipal solid waste is considered. The study was a cross-sectional study was conducted in 1393. For the combined method (method, field, library and documentary, analytical and descriptive) was used. To investigate the contribution of Abadan in the management of solid waste questions in the questionnaire items and Likert five spectral survey of residents in urban areas were used. Accordingly, 383 questionnaires were collected and distributed throughout the city. According to the general theory study of the one-sample T-test was used. In order to evaluate the effect of gender on the participation of T test and impact of education, employment status, income, age structure and status of the contribution of ANOVA test was used. Scheffe's test was used to examine the association between level of education and income levels of participation were used. Thus, the highest participation of citizens in waste management Abadan mean was 3.25 for housewives. The age structure of participation is not effective and the most willing to participate in the Group income (in Toman) of a million to one million five hundred thousand were determined. As a result development and implementation of the operational plan in the field of culturalization and awareness level raising in order to participate more citizens among unemployed, businessman, governments jobs, students and different level income include lower and upper wage between people of Abadan is centralized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - The Study Of Women's Participation In Waste Management
Marzieh Nouroozi Jahan Abad Sima SabzalipourThe aim of this study was to determine the source separation of waste and the participation of women in Shiraz city. To collect data a questionnaire of 23 questions randomly distributed among 380 inhabitant women in the 6 and 7, Shiraz regions. Descriptive statistical w MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the source separation of waste and the participation of women in Shiraz city. To collect data a questionnaire of 23 questions randomly distributed among 380 inhabitant women in the 6 and 7, Shiraz regions. Descriptive statistical was implemented to analyze the collected data. The results showed that the rate of women's participation in 6 area (uptown urban residence) was significantly more than the 7 area (downtown urban residence). Income, education level, age, education and giving information on source separation plan, impacted the rate of women's participation in the separation and collection of waste. The awareness promotion of the source separation through education was considered as the most effective way to increase the women participation in source separation plan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Using Lucas Experimental Method to Investigate the Relationship between Exchange Rate Overshooting and Business Cycles in Iran
Rahim Ghasemie Amirabas Saminia Mohamad Hasan Hemati Abolfazl Kaviri BidgoliAmong the current production management issues, the ability to handle the unexpected changes, survive the unexpected threats in the business market and suitable use of environmental fluctuation as an opportunity are the most challenges of the production organizations. T MoreAmong the current production management issues, the ability to handle the unexpected changes, survive the unexpected threats in the business market and suitable use of environmental fluctuation as an opportunity are the most challenges of the production organizations. This ability is agility. The first step to achieve the agility is to measure the current agility level of organization. As each organization has its own structure, culture, strategies, and goals, the agility differs from one organization to others. Furthermore, the required agility level differs from one organization to another regarding the competitive environment in which they compete. In this paper, a model presented in order to measure the agility level in Shiraz municipality waste management organization. Based on this goal, first through the comprehensive literature review, different agility model studied and relevant dimensions and components of agility measurement model extracted using the meta-synthesis method. The main criteria and the principal components of these models include Agility drivers, agility enablers, key capabilities, agility strategies, required agility level, agility goals, and results. Then all levels of the model (three levels) have been Finalized using Focus Group method and the agility measurement tools designed according to the third level of a model (Guide tips). Finally, the agility level of Shiraz municipal waste management organization measured and results show a moderate level of agility in this organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Optimization of Reactor’s Temperature and Catalyst Weight in Polymeric Waste Fuel Conversion Process
سیدحسین هاشمی سیدعبدالرسول هاشمی محمود دین محمد عباس نیکنامToday with significant increase in production of polymeric products and advances in polymer science and technology, the importance of efficient management of polymeric waste has gain an even more significance. From efficient and practical solutions proposed in this fiel MoreToday with significant increase in production of polymeric products and advances in polymer science and technology, the importance of efficient management of polymeric waste has gain an even more significance. From efficient and practical solutions proposed in this field, recycling these wastes in order to produce gaseous and liquid fuels can be named as a valid and feasible solution. In addition to protecting the environment, this solution is a good replacement for natural fuels. Therefore, this research aims to increase the fuel efficiency and quality of plastic waste products via catalytic pyrolysis process. In this research, an expanded mathematical model is presented, and by using two methods of response surface and genetic algorithm, the proposed model and its parameters (reactor’s temperature and catalyst weight), for finding the optimal conditions shall be investigated. According to evaluation of base variance algorithm, the scale of deviation based on the expanded model, for liquid and gaseous fuel efficiencies is calculated to be 0.9641 and 0.9655 respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Review on Basics of Solid Waste Engineering and Management
Mehrab Fallahi-Samberan Samaneh KhodadadiThe amount of waste has been steadily increasing due to the increasing human population and urbanization. Waste materials are generated from manufacturing processes, industries and municipal solid wastes (MSW). A large number of components in MSW create health and envir MoreThe amount of waste has been steadily increasing due to the increasing human population and urbanization. Waste materials are generated from manufacturing processes, industries and municipal solid wastes (MSW). A large number of components in MSW create health and environmental problems. Health impacts include exposure to toxic chemicals through air, water and soil media; exposure to infection and biological contaminants. The environmental impacts can be pollution and global warming, photochemical oxidant creation, abiotic resource depletion, acidification, eutrophication, and eco toxicity to water. The communities, industries, and individuals have, therefore, found several ways to reduce and better manage Municipal Solid Waste through a combination of practices not only to extract reusable components but to generate energy in the form of heat or electricity. These practices include source reduction, recycling, and processing/disposal through different technologies such as composting, combustion/incineration, gasification, anaerobic digestion, landfill and so on. The increasing awareness about the environment has tremendously contributed to the concerns related with disposal of the generated wastes. This paper presents a detailed review about waste and waste management options, and research published on the effect of waste materials on environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Waste production and management methods in different aquaculture systems
رضا اکرمیAbstract Aquaculture is the fastest growing animal food production sector worldwide and is becoming the main source of aquatic animal foodstuff for human consumption. The intensification of production is an alternative for the needed development in aquaculture that use MoreAbstract Aquaculture is the fastest growing animal food production sector worldwide and is becoming the main source of aquatic animal foodstuff for human consumption. The intensification of production is an alternative for the needed development in aquaculture that use of more inputs, especially feed per unit area leading to an increase in waste generation from the production systems and resulted strongly criticized for environmental impacts. The total nutrients supplied to production ponds, only 30% are converted into product, while the rest as sediment or sludge is usually discharged into the environment. The impact of waste products from aquaculture has increased public concern and threatens the sustainability of aquaculture practices. Therefore, there is a need to develop culture systems that will increase fish production with efficient waste management in order to limit environmental degradation resulting from aquaculture wastes and ensure its sustainability. This paper reviewed various aspects of waste production from aquaculture and methods of management in different culture systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Establishment of Workplace Organizing System, 5S , in Islamic Azad University-Ardabil Branch
Shahram Mirzaee Daryani Bahman ShareghiOrganizations at every stage of their life and affected by the competitive atmosphere of the existing environment know that they must make optimum use of resources. Workplace organizing system, 5s, is one of the approaches that make organizational productivity and excel MoreOrganizations at every stage of their life and affected by the competitive atmosphere of the existing environment know that they must make optimum use of resources. Workplace organizing system, 5s, is one of the approaches that make organizational productivity and excellence possible. The advantages and benefits of applying this system in the economic, cultural and social dimensions of the human system at micro ad macro levels indicate the important status of this new managerial design. The purpose of the present research is to investigate the establishment of 5s along with the necessary measures to pave the way for it. Managers and employees by understanding the conceptual points of 5s in reducing all kinds of wastage, improving the procedures, and optimizing the systems, have contributed with increasing interest to the establishment of the system. Analysis of the findings obtained from one-sample t-test of the researcher-made questionnaire indicated that both managers and employees have confirmed the establishment of 5s. Optimal use of resources, timely elimination of unnecessary materials, successful spotting of the root causes of pollutions, revision of the existing standards, increasing managers and employees’ commitment, improving people’s communication systems, placing importance to the identification of any kind of wastage with the aim of reducing its types have been the instances observed at Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch based on the establishment of 5s system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Investigating Methods of Electronic Waste Management and Recycling of Ever-Increasing Electronic Wastes with Emphasis on Eco-Friendly Processes
Saman Madanian Sayed Mohammad Ali ZanjaniElectronic waste (E-waste) consists of obsolete electrical or electronic devices. Electronic waste recycling is of importance when it comes to protecting resources and environment. Today, nearly 1.3 billion tons/year of waste is produced worldwide, which is expected to MoreElectronic waste (E-waste) consists of obsolete electrical or electronic devices. Electronic waste recycling is of importance when it comes to protecting resources and environment. Today, nearly 1.3 billion tons/year of waste is produced worldwide, which is expected to increase to 4.3 billion tons/year by 2025. E-waste from old PCs is predicted to increase to 500 percent over a decade, and by 2020, compared to 2007, the disposal of cell phones will be increased by almost 18 times. Understanding and distinguishing different components of E-waste can help their efficient recycling. Sophisticated electronic devices contain approximately 60 different elements, which include valuable and hazardous materials. The most valuable component of E-waste is PCB, which contain many hazardous materials besides valuable metals. To prevent human and environmental poisoning, it is necessary to analyze the properties and compounds of different materials in E-waste and to find ways of re-managing it using healthy and environmentally friendly processes. In this paper, we focus on the general E-wasteland problems, such as the classification of E-waste, its constituents, various eco-friendly waste manage­me­n­t and recycling processes, as well as considering valuable metals extraction. Despite many efforts to develop the recycling technology, this technology has many disadvantages due to the complexity of E-waste treatment systems. Therefore, the disadvantages of each process are discussed by considering technical problems and environmental protection level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - An Analysis of the Factors Affecting Women’s Participation in Household Waste Management (Case of Study: Employed Women in Deylam City)
Dariyoush Rezapour sara ghajariWomen's participation and cooperation in the management of household wastes can be an important step towards better city management. In fact, the management of wastes without the participation of woman is difficult and costly. The purpose of study was to analyze the fac MoreWomen's participation and cooperation in the management of household wastes can be an important step towards better city management. In fact, the management of wastes without the participation of woman is difficult and costly. The purpose of study was to analyze the factors that influence the participation of employed women in household waste management in the city of Bandar Deylam. The research population consisted of women working in the city's offices, of which 92 of were selected as the sample using Morgan table and a simple random sampling method. To gather the data, a questionnaire was used. The data were analyzed using the spss software at descriptive and inferential levels. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between age, attitudes towards waste management, environmental attitudes, social participation and information resources. It was also found that the two variables of social participation and the availability of information resources accounted for 42.1% of changes in waste management behaviour. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Presenting a reverse logistics optimization model to reduce environmental effects based on waste management
Mahta Kakooee Mahmoud Modiri Ghanbar Abbaspour EsfedenSolid waste has become one of the most critical environmental issues in the world. Therefore, a waste management system to prevent further destruction of the environment is essential. Waste management includes collection, transport, cleaning, recycling, and disposal of MoreSolid waste has become one of the most critical environmental issues in the world. Therefore, a waste management system to prevent further destruction of the environment is essential. Waste management includes collection, transport, cleaning, recycling, and disposal of the wastes. In recent years, due to environmental concerns, manufacturers have been forced to offer environmentally friendly products. So, the area of reverse logistics (RL) has recently received considerable attention, due to a combination of environmental, economic, and social factors. In this research, the design of a multi-product and eleven-level reverse logistics network is conducted, which collects all the waste in one place and separates them according to the needs of the factories (in terms of the type and material of the waste, etc.) and sends them to the intended destination. This model can support all kinds of industries in which the revival of recycling and destruction of products. This study provides a mixed integer mathematical model to reduce the costs of the whole system. The number of centers, the number of products and parts that should be sent from one center to another, the amount of CO2 emissions, and the total cost of the model were determined. Finally, the sensitivity analysis was done on the parameters of the model. The model was validated by changing the input data in two different cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Hazardous waste management as an approach for conservation of nature and urban Environment
mohamadali abdoli babak tavakoli mohamad hossein menhajIntroduction One of serious problems facing country’s environment especially in urban areas is the ongoing trend of hazardous waste mismanagement. The mismanagement of hazardous waste makes a lot of risks to the human health and the nature considering com MoreIntroduction One of serious problems facing country’s environment especially in urban areas is the ongoing trend of hazardous waste mismanagement. The mismanagement of hazardous waste makes a lot of risks to the human health and the nature considering combustion, reactive, corrosive and toxic characteristics. In order to reduce these side effects the country needs a more comprehensive hazardous waste disposal program (e.g. legislation and regulation). Research Methodology In this study, to overcome these challenges with regard to social - economic conditions and a better commitment by the manufacturers an appropriate legislation has been provided. The purpose of the revision and development of specific regulations for hazardous waste could be described based on the reduce of the severe damage caused by illegal disposal of pollutants into the urban environment as well as filling the existing gaps in state law to preserve nature and the environment. The study also criticized the existing law and administrative regulations of the Waste Management and following a comparison with some of the laws of developed countries, the topics for special legislation for the legal disposal was determined. Results Consisted of 23 articles and 19 notes, as well as a regulatory counterpart including 87 article and 64 notes have been compared. As a result, following a thorough and careful investigation, a piece of legislation In this revised regulations, a special attention is given based on the decrease of production and considering a recycling and reuse program. In addition to the applicable responsibilities, supervision for the implementation of the commitments is considered. This piece of legislation is annually audited by EPA with its divisions. In this regard, there is an especial emphasis by EPA on the private sector for the Waste Management. Site selection is carried out by EPA based on Land Use Planning and Environmental Impact Assessment. However, the Waste Management programs could be done by the private sector as a long contract. To transport and disposal of waste materials by the private sector, a maximum support by EPA has been considered. To reduce of environmental costs, a recycling and reuse program is emphasized. Meanwhile, the producer is responsible for disposal costs. In this proposed piece of legislation, in order to reduce the disposal costs and waste volume, some encouragements have been determined through ISO 14001. In addition, some solutions for business income and updated database are considered by the proposed piece of legislation. Overall, an organized educational program is proposed for public and private sectors. Conclusion This research revealed that to protect the urban environment, a specialized law should be codified. With regard to economic, social, cultural and political situation, a draft law for Waste Management has been developed. The illegal disposal of hazardous waste material is the most important problem in developing countries (e.g. Iran). To address this failure, the Special Waste Management Act and Regulations were presented. The advantages of this new legislation could be described in terms of the establishment of environment, and the view points of citizens on decision making processes the found could provide money for financing the costs associated with environmental recovery, primary evaluation of different legal disposal sites, and study the different environmental aspects for making decision about urgent reaction or improvement actions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The Combination of Operational Fuzzy Functions and GIS in Urban Waste Management (Case Study: Likak City of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad)
aboozar moradi ALI boveiri saeed amanpourHygienic landfill and the management of urban solid waste as one of the elements of waste management system contains various and exact stages including site selection, its preparation and operation of the site which all of them require study, examination and executing o MoreHygienic landfill and the management of urban solid waste as one of the elements of waste management system contains various and exact stages including site selection, its preparation and operation of the site which all of them require study, examination and executing of proper management. The purpose of this study is to study and examine the various factors and parameters related to the examined factors affecting in locating the place for the landfill of the Likak city, the principal of the province Bhmaee, located in the city of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. These factors are as fallow: geology, regional slope, distance from population centers, accessing to the communicational roads, distance from the surface water, distance from the fault and the type of the soil. The information of the above factors is classified into six important environmental, economic, social, regional, soil study, and heathrology scales. The nature of this study is theoretical-application which it is studied in a descriptive and analyzed method of the content. In this study, data are obtained by field observation and library studies. The preparation of such information and output maps is based on operational functions. The results of this study presented based on four functions included proposal and output maps which the maps are compared from two layers of the direction of annual wind and the development of the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - اثر کمپوست آزولا، پوسته بادام زمینی و ضایعات چای روی رشد و جذب عناصر غذایی گیاه زینتی-دارویی پاپیتال (Hedera helix)
علی واحدیبه منظور بررسی اثر بسترهای کاشت مختلف روی رشد گیاه پاپیتال آزمایشی گلدانی در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 5 تیمار در سه تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی مرکز ایستگاه تحقیقات گل و گیاهان زینتی لاهیجان اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 5 نوع بستر کاشت بودند که ترکیبات تشکیل دهنده آن ها Moreبه منظور بررسی اثر بسترهای کاشت مختلف روی رشد گیاه پاپیتال آزمایشی گلدانی در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 5 تیمار در سه تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی مرکز ایستگاه تحقیقات گل و گیاهان زینتی لاهیجان اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 5 نوع بستر کاشت بودند که ترکیبات تشکیل دهنده آن ها عبارت است از: B1: 50% کمپوست آزولا + 40% کمپوست پوسته بادام زمینی + 10% پرلیت، B2: 50% کمپوست آزولا + 40% کمپوست پوسته بادام زمینی + 10% زئولیت، B3: 30% کمپوست آزولا + 30% کمپوست پوسته بادام زمینی + 30% کمپوست ضایعات چای + 10% پرلیت، B4: 30% کمپوست آزولا + 30% کمپوست پوسته بادام زمینی + 30% کمپوست ضایعات چای + 10% زئولیت و B5: 80% پیت + 20% پرلیت (شاهد بین المللی). نتایج حاصل نشان داد که ارتفاع بوته، تعداد برگ، تعداد و قطر ساقه جانبی, تعداد گره و مقدار کلروفیل برگ که از صفات زینتی یک گیاه همیشه سبز بالارونده مثل پاپیتال است در بستر B3 بیشترین مقدار است. بیشترین درصد ماده خشک ریشه و شاخساره، نیتروژن، پتاسیم و روی نیز متعلق به گیاهان رشد یافته در بستر B3 بود. بیشترین مقدار کاروتنوئید برگ و بلندترین ریشه در بستر B5 اندازه گیری شد. بستر B1 نیز موفق ترین بستر در افزایش آهن برگ بود. بدین ترتیب بستر B3 به عنوان مناسب ترین بستر برای رشد پاپیتال معرفی می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Attitude of Wheat Farmers in Dezful Township Regarding Extension of Waste Reduction in Production Process
Mahdi Attar Roshan -
Open Access Article
45 - شناسایی عاملهای مؤثر برتولید ضایعات مرکبات در استان مازندران
نرگس گرجی حسین شعبانعلی فمی هوشنگ ایروانیمدیریت ضایعات کشاورزی یکی از مهم­ترین موضوعاتی است که تولیدکنندگان بخش کشاورزی به منظور ارتقاء سطح درآمد خویش و حمایت از محیط­زیست باید آن را مورد توجه قرار دهند. بنابراین، شناسایی عاملهایی که موجب کاهش ضایعات محصولات کشاورزی و بهطور ویژه ضایعات مرکبات میشون Moreمدیریت ضایعات کشاورزی یکی از مهم­ترین موضوعاتی است که تولیدکنندگان بخش کشاورزی به منظور ارتقاء سطح درآمد خویش و حمایت از محیط­زیست باید آن را مورد توجه قرار دهند. بنابراین، شناسایی عاملهایی که موجب کاهش ضایعات محصولات کشاورزی و بهطور ویژه ضایعات مرکبات میشوند، میتواند به مدیریت ضایعات، کاهش تخریب محیط­زیست و اکوسیستم، و افزایش سطح امنیت غذایی و رشد اقتصادی کمک شایان توجهی نماید. بر این پایه، هدف این پژوهش شناسایی عاملهای مؤثر بر تولید ضایعات مرکبات در میان مرکباتکاران استان مازندران بود (7867= N). برای تعیین حجم نمونه از روش نمونهگیری تصادفی ساده استفاده شد. ابزار اصلی گردآوری دادهها پرسشنامه محقق ساخت بود که روایی محتوایی آن توسط پانل متخصصان و تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و پایایی آن از طریق محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد (70/0 α ≥) یافتههای حاصل از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی نشان داد که دو عامل اجتماعی-اقتصادی و تکنیکی در مجموع 257/60 واریانس ضایعات تولیدی مرکبات را تبیین میکنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - تجزیه و تحلیل راه حل های موثر در زمینه مدیریت زباله در شهرداری ها
امیر نوری سلیمان رسولی آذر لورنس انویه تکیههدف اصلی این مطالعه این است که تجزیه و تحلیل راهکارهای موثر در زمینه مدیریت زباله در شهرداری ارومیه بود. جامعه آماری در این تحقیق شهروندان شهر ارومیه در استان آذربایجان غربی بود. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران حجم نمونه شامل 180 نفر برآورد شد. ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسشنامه Moreهدف اصلی این مطالعه این است که تجزیه و تحلیل راهکارهای موثر در زمینه مدیریت زباله در شهرداری ارومیه بود. جامعه آماری در این تحقیق شهروندان شهر ارومیه در استان آذربایجان غربی بود. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران حجم نمونه شامل 180 نفر برآورد شد. ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسشنامه بود. ضریب پایایی پرسشنامه توسط آلفای کرونباخ 87/0 مشخص گردید. نتایج نشان داد که رابطه مثبت معنی داری بین راهکار حمل و نقل جمع آوری و دفن زباله مدیریت، راهکار هزینه مدیریت, راهکار مدیریت اجرایی و راهکار سیستم مدیریت استراتژی با اهمیت مواد زائد و زباله ها از دیدگاه پاسخگویان وجود دارد. همچنین علاوه براین، نتایج رگرسیون چندگانه نشان می دهد که حدود 55.9 درصد تغییرات سیستم مدیریت مواد زائد و زباله ها توسط متغیرهای جمع آوری و حمل و نقل زباله و دفن زباله اجرایی مدیریت هزینه های مدیریت و بهبود سیستم مدیریت سازمان تعیین می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - تحلیل بیزی مدلهای پروبیت فضایی در پذیرش مدیریت ضایعات گندم
احمدرضا عمانی آزاده نوراله نوری وندیهدف از این مطالعه شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر پذیرش مدیریت ضایعات گندم توسط گندمکاران بود. روش به کار گرفته شده در این تحقیق کاربرد مدل های پروبیت فضایی و تخمین مدل ها از طریق مدل بیزین بود. نرم افزار MATLAB در این تحقیق به کار گرفته شد. داده ها از بین 220 نفر گندمکار استان خ Moreهدف از این مطالعه شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر پذیرش مدیریت ضایعات گندم توسط گندمکاران بود. روش به کار گرفته شده در این تحقیق کاربرد مدل های پروبیت فضایی و تخمین مدل ها از طریق مدل بیزین بود. نرم افزار MATLAB در این تحقیق به کار گرفته شد. داده ها از بین 220 نفر گندمکار استان خوزستان از طریق روش نمونه گیری تصادفی انتخاب شد. برای محاسبه ضرایب بیزین از الگوریتم هیستینگ- متروپلیس و نمونه گیری گیپس استفاده شد. برای استخراج الگوی مناسب بر اساس تأخیر و خطای فضایی از آزمون لاگرانژ استفاده شد.بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده هر دو الگو با احتمال 99 درصد معنادار شدند. بنابراین، از هردو الگو میتوان در تفسیر نتایج استفاده کرد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از برآورد الگوهای تأخیر فضایی و خطای فضایی مشخص شد که به ترتیب مشارکت در کلاس های ترویجی، دانش فنی، درآمد، عملکرد محصول، سطح مکانیزاسیون و ضرایب اتورگرسیو فضایی نقش معنی داری بر پذیرش مدیریت ضایعات گندم داشتند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Antecedents and Consequences of Sustainable Human Resource Management in Waste Management Organizations
Gohar Pourahmadi Mansoor Irandoust Jamal AdhamiThis research investigates the antecedents and consequences of sustainable human resource management in the waste management organizations of Iranian municipalities. The research methodology is applied and developmental research in terms of purpose and descriptive in te MoreThis research investigates the antecedents and consequences of sustainable human resource management in the waste management organizations of Iranian municipalities. The research methodology is applied and developmental research in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of collecting and analyzing information, and also it is field research. The statistical population includes managers and employees of waste management organizations. The sample size is 125 individuals selected by stratified random sampling method. The tool for collecting research data is a questionnaire, its validity has been accomplished by face validity, and Cronbach's alpha test has accomplished its reliability. Testing hypotheses were made using the binomial test method, and structural equation modeling was done using SPSS and PLS software. The results of data analysis showed that the antecedents of sustainable human resource management include organizational strategy and leadership style. The consequences of sustainable human resource management include organizational performance, attractiveness, employee involvement, and employee turnover. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Identifying and prioritizing the factors influencing industrial waste management using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP)
mina moeeni Ghasemali Omrani Nematallah Khorasani Reza Arjomandi -
Open Access Article
50 - The effect of source separation training on municipal waste reduction: A case study
Ali Maleki Marjaneh Kharrat Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
51 - WASTE MANAGEMENT PATTERN REGARDING SECTOR PARTICIPATION IN DISTRICT: A CASE STUDY
behrooz Eskandarpour Behnam Bagheri Reza Alayi -
Open Access Article
52 - Life cycle cost of different pretreatment scenarios to increase biogas production from municipal solid waste in Tehran
Hossein Heydarian Roya Mafigholami Alireza Noorpoor Hossein Ghanavati Sanaz Khoramipour -
Open Access Article
53 - Evaluating waste management practices of street vendors in the informal settlement of Cape Town: a case study of Khayelitsha
Benett Siyabonga Madonsela Thabang Maphanga -
Open Access Article
54 - Investigating the environmental performance of two traditional burial systems and establishing a construction waste recycling system using the life cycle assessment approach (case study: Isfahan)
Ali Ferdowsi Hossein Nematollahi Farshad Mostajeran Gholamreza SaketiAll over the world, the improper management of construction waste is recognized as the construction industry, including the excessive production of construction waste, disorder in the burial and discharge of this waste, and negative environmental and economic effects su MoreAll over the world, the improper management of construction waste is recognized as the construction industry, including the excessive production of construction waste, disorder in the burial and discharge of this waste, and negative environmental and economic effects such as soil pollution and Water, greenhouse gas emissions, and excess consumption of natural resources. The purpose of this project is to investigate the environmental performance of two traditional burial systems and the establishment of a construction waste recycling system using the life cycle assessment approach in the Zainel Pass area of Isfahan. Using the life cycle assessment method and SimaPro software, the environmental effects were determined for two construction waste management scenarios (burial and recycling). The results of the evaluation show that the impact of burying construction waste in Zainel Pass on human health, damage to the ecosystem, climate change, and resources is 86.1%, 4.3%, 8.1%, and 4.2% respectively. 114.1%, 1.3%, 7.3%, and 5.5%, respectively. Manuscript profile
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