-
Open Access Article
1 - Study the Effect of Meat Market Liberalization on Rural Welfare in Iran
A. Haghighatnezhad-Shirazi S. Yazdani R. Moghaddasi -
Open Access Article
2 - Examining the effects of new governance on the discourse of transformative social innovation (Case study: the villages of Southern Lilan Dehistan)
Ahmad hajarian The concept of revolutionary social innovation includes a group of new strategies, concepts, ideas andorganizations that provide social needs. On the other hand, good governance plays a very effective role inimproving its indicators, because the understanding and More The concept of revolutionary social innovation includes a group of new strategies, concepts, ideas andorganizations that provide social needs. On the other hand, good governance plays a very effective role inimproving its indicators, because the understanding and awareness of the impact of the local managementprocess on rural spaces presents a different and diverse picture that the present research tried to explore theaspect of the social innovation discourse of the residents in the studied rural areas. check The research wasbased on the practical purpose and in terms of the possibility of controlling the variables, it was a quasiexperimental type of research, because due to the post-event nature of the research, it is not possible to controlthe variables completely. In this research, by studying the theoretical literature and past researches, thevariables and dimensions of the research were identified in 8 general dimensions. Participation, accountability,responsibility, central law, transparency, efficiency and effectiveness, justice and equality, and consensus, whoseinterpretation was considered in the whole discourse of transformative social innovation in the rural areas ofsouthern Lilan district. The results indicate that the most important criterion of participation and the leastimportant criterion of consensus play a role in explaining and predicting the dependent variable (discourse ofsocial transformational innovation). The research shows the attention and promotion of social innovationdiscourse indicators in the form of promotion and improvement of good governance criteria in the studied ruralareas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Stability of security in border areas villages of Sistan and Baluchestan Province
حسین مختاری هشی Narges Vazin Mostafa Ghaderi HajatSecurity is a concept that includes all aspects and dimensions of human life. Establishment of security in geographical spaces requires special measures and plans and is relates with many issues such as economical security, political and military security, social securi MoreSecurity is a concept that includes all aspects and dimensions of human life. Establishment of security in geographical spaces requires special measures and plans and is relates with many issues such as economical security, political and military security, social security, health security and environmental security. Sistan and Baluchestan province, due to the special geographical position, is very vulnerable in terms of security and in recent years has seen an increase in violence and armed conflict by militant groups. Although the roots of unrests are consider as political issues, but cannot ignore the effect of economic deprivation and low development indicators. In general we can say that there is a greater incidence of insecurity in underdeveloped contexts. Considering that more than 50 percent of the population of this Sistan and Balochistan province still lives in rural areas and rural population growth in the region is high, therefore, to achieve sustainable security we should consider security issues in rural areas. The results indicate that rural areas of this province have faced several challenges in different aspects of security, economic, social and environmental vulnerability. For sustainable security in rural areas, it is necessary that rural development strategy should be considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Socio-economic Changes and Rural Challenges (Case: Fomanat, Guilan)
حسن AfrakhtehSocio-economic changes have important effects in rural regions and life. These effectsdiffer per environmental characteristics, economic systems and social institutes and insome instances, they play positive roles in rural life while in other times, they serve assource MoreSocio-economic changes have important effects in rural regions and life. These effectsdiffer per environmental characteristics, economic systems and social institutes and insome instances, they play positive roles in rural life while in other times, they serve assource of challenges and contradictions in rural areas.This paper discusses challe--nges, which have appeared in Fomanat rural area in WestGuilan as consequences of socio-economic changes of the region.The data of research has been collected through literature review and field studies. Thecollected data have been analyzed based on "principal component /factor analysis "and has computed the degree of facilities of different villages.The results show that recent socio-economic changes have exposed villages to challengesand conflicts. In conclusion, challenges have been analyzed; accordingly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - An Analysis on the Role of Environmental Capabilities on Sustainable Development of Rural Regions (Case: Central District of Rostam County)
مسعود Mahdavi علی ShamasodiniAchieving an acceptable condition of growth, development and excellence process in human societies including urban and rural districts, requires paving the ground for planning based on understanding of environment and benefiting its capabilities. In this context, unders MoreAchieving an acceptable condition of growth, development and excellence process in human societies including urban and rural districts, requires paving the ground for planning based on understanding of environment and benefiting its capabilities. In this context, understanding, studying and analyzing natural and human capabilities in rural areas of the country could be considered as an underlying and important principle in the process of sustainable development of these human settlements. Having studied the concepts of rural sustainable development, the present article with the emphasis on applied- fundamental approach and descriptive-analytical method is to introduce and analyze environmental capabilities (natural – human) of the rural areas in central district of Rostam county to achieve sustainable development of these population centers. In this context, data collection was done by library and field methods emphasizing close field observation, observation and interview. The indexes studied in this article also include analysis of natural data including land structure, topography, water and soil resources together with human status as level of literacy, rural turnout and most important, it includes introducing powers and capabilities of agricultural dept. of the studies villages. Finally, emphasizing the research findings, it is trying to provide the required solutions for paving the ways for sustainable development in the rural areas of the county. The research results are evidenced that the villages of this county in general have high capabilities for doing and developing agricultural activities and the related service-economic operations due to their environmental features, that this potential alongside with expansion and development of complementary and conversion industries together with thriving business sector in the region could provide the grounds and conditions for achieving sustainable development of the region with rational and coordinated management together with comprehensive turnout of all rustics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Rural transition trend with consideration of Urban revenue in Iran
Azadeh Amiri Kazem JajarmiConnection between urban & rural area have been widely recognized as the maincause of economical, social and cultural changes. In spite of that, most of thedevelopment theories and practical procedures have emphasized the separates anddifferences between population MoreConnection between urban & rural area have been widely recognized as the maincause of economical, social and cultural changes. In spite of that, most of thedevelopment theories and practical procedures have emphasized the separates anddifferences between population and activities of rural and urban areas. While ruraldevelopment planners recognize rural areas separated from urban centers and asincluding only village and agricultural fields, urban planners tend to consider urbanissues more and do not pay much attention to rural agricultural and development. Inregional survey of third world / developing countries, different kinds of mutualrelation between city & village are studied , and jran which had a homogenous urbannet work in the past and whose cities and villages had balanced relation, is on of thesecountries but, the influence and dominance of global capitalism and the division oflobos in jran , disturbed this balance and caused an increase in the oil revenues of jranfrom 30s on , which inundated cities and urban areas with facilities and also the correcticons and adjustment in the fields, worsened the condition of rural areas and added totheir agricultural problems. The current paper studies the history and course ofchanges in the relation between city & village from ancient time to current date. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The Role of Tourism in Stable Rural Development (Case study: Lavasan Koochak Rural District, Lavasanant County)
Simin Najmi Majid Vali Shariat PanahiThe tourism industry has been developed in recent years, especially after theSecond World War, so increasingly that has taken the name of tourism revolution.Tourism today has become one of the major economic stimulants in an internationallevel, and specialists of econom MoreThe tourism industry has been developed in recent years, especially after theSecond World War, so increasingly that has taken the name of tourism revolution.Tourism today has become one of the major economic stimulants in an internationallevel, and specialists of economic issues assume that along by insurance and bankingas a major dynamic industry in the current century. Rural tourism is one of the majorcomponents of tourism industry and is the main power of improving economic growthin rural areas. It has also made a strategic chance and led to the diversity of localeconomy.Stable rural tourism revives the local and traditional rural culture, encouragescollective activities by rural people, increases the income of rural people, establishesnew economic sources for rural people, conserves the natural, cultural and socialenvironment, sustains the population, and prevents the migration and evacuation ofrural areas. The development and expansion of rural tourism will be the best strategyfor rural areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Urban Management in Annexed Village into Urban Area (Case study: Islamshahr and Shatareh)
نغمه محمدپورلیما علی نوری کرمانی علی اکبر رضاییResearch Introduction: In the past half a century the effect of rapid urbanization on the structure of space and population have been observed, the ever growing number of cities and the alteration of village centers into scattered urban areas. This alternative has turne MoreResearch Introduction: In the past half a century the effect of rapid urbanization on the structure of space and population have been observed, the ever growing number of cities and the alteration of village centers into scattered urban areas. This alternative has turned over the balance of space distribution of the population which causes massive social harm. accession rural areas to urban areas causes countless urban management problems, considering that when it comes to social, economic and culture element, there is no compatibility in these populated areas. On the other hand lack of unified rules and regelation in urban and rural areas causes fundamental disagreement in managing this areas which in turn will be the cause of difficulties. Existence of these type of difficulties causes problem which effects urban management to perform its duties. Better services could be provided the current and old citizens with accurate planning towards reducing these problems. recently the process of preparation and passing “ the design of urban district of tehran province plan” and the phenomena of accession of rural areas to the urban areas are effecting the cities of this province. So this research by study of Islamshahr, one of the biggest cities of Tehran province try to investigate the role of urban management and offer an effective way to mitigate these conflicts. Method: This study uses analytic and descriptive methods with the help of vast documented studies and field studies such as questionnaire regarding the fundamental research question. The statistical community (officials and experts) in order to test the hypothesis with group sampling method, the researcher has identified official of province and the cities as well as 21 skilled experts, 30 questionnaires have been completed. Results and Conclusion: The results of this study will show urban management has a key role in resolving conflicts incorporation rural into urban areas and urban management with rule-based approach and management based on the law is effective for adjustment or conflicting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - An Investigation of Human Development Indices in Rural Areas of Iran Based on UNDP Model
shadali tohidloo Gholamreza MojarradiThis applied research, in terms of documentary method and secondary information analysis, was conducted with the aim of investigating human development index(HDI) and its components based on official secondary demographic, economic and educational data in rural areas of MoreThis applied research, in terms of documentary method and secondary information analysis, was conducted with the aim of investigating human development index(HDI) and its components based on official secondary demographic, economic and educational data in rural areas of Iran. In this study, the rural areas in different provinces were classified in two steps, first, classification was done by using of country’s official data in 2017 for HDI and its’ components measurement, based on UNDP criteria,and then zoning of these areas was taken. The research findings showed that the provinces were divided into two categories, middle(30 provinces) and low(Sistan and Baluchestan) classes in terms of HDI values. The findings of the research in the components of HDI also showed that in terms of Life Expectancy Index(LEI) values, 31 provinces were divided into two categories as very high and high LEI value. In the first group, Tehran province achieved the first rank and 24 provinces were categorized in the second group regarding. The third categorization was done by considering Education Index(EI) values,that rural areas were divided into two classes by very high and high. Eleven provinces were placed in the first group. Accordingly, the Alborz province achieved the highest index value. But Per Capita Income Index(PCII), the whole of Iran’s rural areas were placed in one category, based on PCII values.The maximum value of this index allocated to Mazandaran province by a score of 0.485 and the minimum of PCII belonged to the Sistan and Baluchestan province with a score of 0.270. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Explaining the mechanisms and strategies of agricultural development in the rural areas of Aqra/Aqra city, Dohuk province, Iraqi Kurdistan climate
Zohair Abdorahman علیرضا جمشیدی Vahid MohamadnezhadThe purpose of the present study, which is of a descriptive-analytical type, is to explain the mechanisms and strategies of agricultural development with an emphasis on agricultural education in the rural areas of Aqra/Aqra city, Dohuk province of Iraqi Kurdistan climat MoreThe purpose of the present study, which is of a descriptive-analytical type, is to explain the mechanisms and strategies of agricultural development with an emphasis on agricultural education in the rural areas of Aqra/Aqra city, Dohuk province of Iraqi Kurdistan climate. Data collection tools included document analysis, observation and questionnaire. In this study, content validity was confirmed using a panel of experts and its reliability was also confirmed using the triangulation method. The statistical population of this study included all the experts and specialists working in the Ministry of Agriculture of Kurdistan Region of Iraq (working in the four districts of Bejil, China, Zakurd and Gharcheesin) who are active in the field of agricultural development and are also familiar with the city of Acre. 32 people were selected using the purposeful sampling method and through the snowball method. According to the results of the SWOT analysis, an aggressive strategy (relative weighted average of internal factors = 3.14 and external factors = 3.26) was determined to transition from the current situation to the desired situation. In this regard, strategies such as cultivation of commercial crops according to suitable climate, modification and breeding of seed inputs to increase yield, employment of specialized forces for training for the commercialization of the agricultural sector, use of transgenic livestock to increase productivity and market needs assessment for Production of commercial products was extracted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Designing a Pattern of the Renewable Energy Utilization in the Rural areas of Zanjan Province
Sevil Hatami Seyed Jamal Hosseini Seyed Mehdi MirdamadiToday, the renewable energy utilazation is considered as one of the most important ways to environment conservation and achieve sustainable development. Therefore, this study has been conducted with the aim of investigating the design of Pattern for renewable energy uti MoreToday, the renewable energy utilazation is considered as one of the most important ways to environment conservation and achieve sustainable development. Therefore, this study has been conducted with the aim of investigating the design of Pattern for renewable energy utilization in rural areas of Zanjan province. The study population was consisting of rural households that were covered by new energy technology in Zanjan province that according to Krejcie and Morgan sample determination table, 210 of the households were selected as samples. A questionnaire was used in quantitative research. Reliability and validity of survey instrument was evaluated. Face and content validity of the questionnaire had been confirmed by panel of experts and key informant before the pre-test stage. The reliability of instrument was assessed by conducting a pilot study among 30 samples out of the original sample. The reliability of instrument for the all sections based on Cronbach's alpha coefficients value (in the range of 0.72 to 0.90) shows acceptable level of internal consistency. Data analysis was performed by SPSS24 and AMOS22 software. The collected data was analyzed using structural equation modeling technique. The results based on direct structural model showed that there is a positive significant relationship between educational, socio-cultural, political and environmental factors with the dependent variable of renewable energy utilization and these variables explained 37% of variances of dependent variable. But there was no significant relationship between economic and technical factors with the renewable energy utilization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Attitude of High School Students to the Importance and Preservation of Natural Resources (Case Study: Khorramabad City, Iran)
Shahram Mehdi Karami Mohean Rajabi Akram Azadi Rimeleh Akram AhmadiBackground and Objective: in the recent years, natural resource's degradation in the Lorestan province has been alarming. Therefore, assessment of students' knowledge to natural resources is essential as future users of natural resources. Methods: To conduct the study a MoreBackground and Objective: in the recent years, natural resource's degradation in the Lorestan province has been alarming. Therefore, assessment of students' knowledge to natural resources is essential as future users of natural resources. Methods: To conduct the study a questionnaire was designed regarding to the professors and experts comments. Validity and reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient that the 0.75 represents acceptable reliability. Then, among 800 individuals of students, from 10 schools of Khorramabad city who were trained as oral, poster installation and educational films, 250 individuals were selected to fulfill questionnaire and to investigate their view before and after education. Findings: The descriptive results of educational level, father's job, mothers and father's education, household income and the time of television watching on the attitudes of students towards natural resources were presented. Inferential results also showed the following results: i) significant and positive correlation between the variables of knowledge, recognition, attitudes and environmental behavior with education, ii) significant and positive correlation between environmental behavior and environmental knowledge, iii) significant and positive linear relationship between environmental knowledge and environmental behavior of students. Moreover data analysis demonstrated that chi-squared and binomial test confirmed the positive effect of training on increasing recognition and promotion of Natural Resources. Discussion and Conclusion: Education as the most available and efficient tool can have an important and critical role in promoting attitude and recognition of students toward natural resources and preserving national capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Attitude towards water among rural women, Case Study: Shirvan county of North-Khorasan province
Gohar Khaksar Moghaddam Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani Mohammad Reza MahboobiWater is one of the most important natural resources on the planet Earth. Water is limited and has effective role in the sustainable development of societies. Consume behavior of people towards water depends on their attitude and teir awareness of water issues. This res MoreWater is one of the most important natural resources on the planet Earth. Water is limited and has effective role in the sustainable development of societies. Consume behavior of people towards water depends on their attitude and teir awareness of water issues. This research examined the factors affecting rural women's attitudes towards water. The type of the research was objectively applied and used field work for gathering data through a descriptive-survey research method. The study population included all households living in 125 villages of Shirvan County which had piped water. Random cluster sampling was used to select 223 women as needed samples. The research instrument was a questionnaire which its content validity was confirmed by university academics and experts of water organization. Reliability of questionnaire was evaluated by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software. The results showed that rural women's attitudes towards water can be assessed at moderate level. There were no significant relationships between age, level of education and cost of consumed water with attitude towards water. But people with higher incomes had more unfavorable attitude towards water. Present article suggests considering educational programs to promote rural women's attitudes towards water and doing research on the correlation between attitudes towards water and water consumption behavior Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The role of environmental capabilities in rural tourism in northern Tehran
Simin Armaghan -
Open Access Article
15 - Analysis of the role rural tourism in stable development (Case study of central parts of Soulghan villages)
Simin Armaghan -
Open Access Article
16 - Reviewing Human Development Indices with Focus on Sex Discrimination in Rural Regions
Khadijeh Neisy Manochehr JavanmardiMost women in the world need fundamental support to function in human life. There exist regional differences in access to development benefits based on gender in Iran. This study intended to analyze sex discrimination index, the index for the two sexes were used to demo MoreMost women in the world need fundamental support to function in human life. There exist regional differences in access to development benefits based on gender in Iran. This study intended to analyze sex discrimination index, the index for the two sexes were used to demonstrate gender inequality. The current research was a field study, in which the rural areas of suburb regions of Bawi city were taken in concern. In this study, the main indices, including the index of public education, per capita income and life expectancy were discussed. The measures were adapted to Bawi city in 1390. The villages of the city according to preliminary information from 1385 to 1390, had made enormous progress . With an area of 95,477 hectares and a population of 89,160 individuals the understudied regions located at East of Ahwaz city. The findings showed that there were some promotions in some of the development measures and there were also some criteria showing non developed indices. One of these indices was gender discrimination, though not all differences between men and women, were clearly visible either in education and incomes, but in all cases the superiority of men over women were obvious. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - A Study on the Effective Factors Influencing on Participation of Women and Girls in Development of Rural Areas of Charmahal Bakhtiyari( A case study in Farsan Villages)
Ramin Ghaffari Masoumeh Torki Harchegani -
Open Access Article
18 - Villages' Turning into Cities and its Impact on Residents' Life Quality (A Case Study of Biran Shahr)
Mehdi Rahimian Fereshteh Hafezi Saeid Gholamrezaie Nasrin HoseinnezhadMirThe purpose of this survey is to examine the villages' turning into cities and its impacts on the life quality of its inhabitants in the newly founded town of Byranshahr in Lorestan province. The statistical population of the study consisted of the whole inhabitant fami MoreThe purpose of this survey is to examine the villages' turning into cities and its impacts on the life quality of its inhabitants in the newly founded town of Byranshahr in Lorestan province. The statistical population of the study consisted of the whole inhabitant families in Byranshahr (N= 1655) two hundred of whom were determined as the statistical sample using Cochran formula. The samples were selected by simple random sampling method and were interviewed through a questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the instruments which were used in the study were confirmed considering content validity and using Cronbach's alpha coefficient which was more than 0.70. Finally, the data were analyzed using the SPSS software. The results of prioritizing the effect of Cheqlondi's turning into Byranshahr town, based on the average score of 5, showed that this turning has had the highest impacts on the following sectors: promoting the town services (3.99), improvement the housing and urbanization (3.92), educational development (3.91), increasing social participation (3.86), health-hygienic development (3.58), improvement of communication facilities (3.57), town security (3.45), employment and improvement of the business (3.40), and finally accessing to sports and entertainment facilities (3.25). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Financial Inclusion and Unemployment in Urban and Rural Areas of Iran
Reza MaaboudiThe paper aims to investigate the financial inclusion effect on the unemployment rate in urban and rural areas of Iran. Panel generalized method of moments and provincial data from 2015 to 2020 used to analyze the relationships between variables. Findings show that fina MoreThe paper aims to investigate the financial inclusion effect on the unemployment rate in urban and rural areas of Iran. Panel generalized method of moments and provincial data from 2015 to 2020 used to analyze the relationships between variables. Findings show that financial inclusion leaves a negative and significant effect on the unemployment rate in urban and rural areas of Iran. On the one hand, financial inclusion increases entrepreneurs’ and economic firms’ access to financial credits by reducing transaction costs and by increasing information transparency, which in turn leads to an increase in production capacity and a decrease in the unemployment rate; On the other hand, increasing the access of low-income people to borrowing leads to an increase in investment in human capital and, as a result, a decrease in the unemployment rate. Also, economic growth and human capital have a negative significant effect, and the real wage has a significant positive effect on the unemployment rate in urban and rural areas of Iran. According to the research results, in order to use the benefits of financial inclusion to reduce unemployment in the country, it is necessary to adopt effective policies in the field of training and increasing the financial literacy of individuals in deprived areas to participate in the financial sector, increasing investment to promote innovative financial technologies, expanding banking hardware and improving the infrastructure of the payment system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Spatial Distribution of the Effect of Tourism on Rural Area From the perspective of Local communities (the Case of Shaho Town in Ravansar Township)
علی شمس الدینی davood jomeini alireza jamshidiTourism Due to the various influences There are communities, Both urban and rural areas, In case of efficient management, Can Provide context for the development of host communities and In the absence of management and neglect, May underlie the problems and challenges o MoreTourism Due to the various influences There are communities, Both urban and rural areas, In case of efficient management, Can Provide context for the development of host communities and In the absence of management and neglect, May underlie the problems and challenges of social, economic and environmental aspects in the host. The objective of this study is to present a spatial distribution of the effect of tourism on rural areas in Shaho, Ravansar. The population included all households (908 individuals) in 8 villages in Shaho town. Using Cochran’s formula, a sample of 206 individuals was selected for participating in this study. The instrument was a survey questionnaire validated by university professors and tourism professionals with its internal consistency estimated through Cronbach’s alpha. The data were analyzed using two software of SPSS and GIS. The results indicated that the effect of tourism was low on 38.3 percent, average on 30.1 percent, and high on 31.5 percent of the area. Analysis of variance showed that there is a meaningful difference among villages in terms of being effected by tourism. Duncan test indicated that Ghorighaleh with an average of 4.49 was the highest in the fourth level. Three villages of Tazehabad (M=2.66), Shabankareh (m=2.68), Benchaleh (2.81) in level three. GHalehgah (M=1.88), Chelaneh (M=1.90), Deh Leili (M=2.00) in the second level, and Bezgorah (M=1.27) was in the first level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The role of geotourism attractions in attracting tourists to rural areas (case study of Golestan province)
hajar mazidi mohammadbagher masoudi Asieh pourkhederThe methodology employed in this research is descriptive-analytical with an applied goal. To gather information, both documentary (library) and survey methods have been utilized. The statistical population consists of 400 tourists who visited geotourism attractions in G MoreThe methodology employed in this research is descriptive-analytical with an applied goal. To gather information, both documentary (library) and survey methods have been utilized. The statistical population consists of 400 tourists who visited geotourism attractions in Golestan province, with a particular focus on locations such as Naftliche geysers, Qaniariq Tepe, Inche Barun, and Gamishan city in Golestan province during the year 1401. The sample size for this research was determined to be 197 individuals based on the calculation using Cochran’s formula. Cluster random sampling was the method used for selecting the participants. Data collection was done through the use of a questionnaire. To analyze the data, inferential tests related to the research objectives, such as binomial T-test and multivariate regression analysis, were employed. The research findings demonstrate that geotourism has a significant impact on various dimensions of sustainable tourism indicators (including economic, social, cultural, political, technological, and ecological aspects), as well as its ability to attract tourists to rural areas within Golestan province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - On the Analysis of the Role of Capacity Making in Reducing the Risk of Natural Hazards (Earthquakes) in Rural Areas (Case Study: Anjirab Rural District. Gorgan County)
hosein mosazadeh teymur Amar mehdi khodadadRural areas are the first vulnerable region in the face of natural hazards and are not insured against such risks. These areas, depending on their geographical location is affected by specific natural hazards due to more extreme poverty and the limited knowledge and tec MoreRural areas are the first vulnerable region in the face of natural hazards and are not insured against such risks. These areas, depending on their geographical location is affected by specific natural hazards due to more extreme poverty and the limited knowledge and technology compared to other human settlements against natural hazards are more vulnerable. For this reason, use of the potential of rural areas to reduce vulnerability is imperative. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of creating capacity in the Anjirab rural district to reduce the amount of possible damages caused by earthquake. The purpose has been used descriptive - analytical method and field surveys. The study population was Anjirab rural district at Gorgan city which 4 populated village of this rural district, including Mohammadabad, Akbarabad, Zangian and Sadabad is selected and 200 heads of households were selected using Cochran formula and questionnaire was distributed randomly between them. Results obtained using the Friedman test and Spearman Spss software represent Anjirab rural district high capacity in physical- spatial and institutional dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - study the status of indication of social housing in the rural of Rasht town
M.R. Porghafar Maghferati E. pourramzanHousing indicators are fundamental factor in rural planning. Evaluating social indicators of housing is one of the ways of understanding the characteristics of housing which facilitate any planning and decision-making in housing issues. The aim of this study is qualitat MoreHousing indicators are fundamental factor in rural planning. Evaluating social indicators of housing is one of the ways of understanding the characteristics of housing which facilitate any planning and decision-making in housing issues. The aim of this study is qualitative and quantitative assessment of social housing indicators in rural areas of Rasht county. The methodology used in this study is a combination of descriptive and analytical method and in terms of target is a practical research. Required information was obtained through documentary sources of six censuses conducted during the years of 1967 to 2012. The results revealed that social quantitative indicators of housing including : household density per dwelling, density of persons per room, density of persons per dwelling, distribution of housing units by number of rooms and households, is more appropriate and favorable than in the past. Moreover, qualitative social indicators of housing, namely, floor area of dwelling, durability of construction materials, ownership, way of possessing, infrastructure, facilities, show a growing trend and relative improvement although there are still some problems and shortcomings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Investigating the effect factors on the quality of place in rural areas (Case study: the Central Part of Nikshahr Township)
H. Rasti Bashir AmiriRural areas as geographical locations affected a lot of over time under the terms of natural and human systems, internal and external changes, as a result is formed a variety of living spaces with different quality of life and social welfare. This issue influenced by se MoreRural areas as geographical locations affected a lot of over time under the terms of natural and human systems, internal and external changes, as a result is formed a variety of living spaces with different quality of life and social welfare. This issue influenced by several factors in terms of spatial, economic, social. Hence, this study was conducted aimed to investigate the factors affecting the quality of place in rural areas, one of the most deprived areas of the country (Nikshahr Township). Factors examined include spatial (deployment form, connection position, connection way, distance), economic (employment rates, average of agricultural land and livestock ownership) and social factors (population size, literacy rates, migration rates, housing quality, rate the public facilities). Research method is descriptive - analysis and population are of all rural areas of the central part Nikshahr Township that includes 143 rural settlements and a population of 45,228 people (10,762 households). In the meantime were selected the 20 settlements and 305 households living in them as sample. For data collection were used from library and questionnaires. Data by statistical methods processed and analyzed in SPSS. Research results indicated a low level of quality of place in rural areas in other indicators (with the exception of security) and significant differences between quality of place level with spatial factors, economic factors (exception livestock ownership) and social factors (immigration rats). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Explanation the Tourism Role in Social Sustainability of Ghaemshahr Township Villages
Esfandiar Mehri Talarposhti eisa pourramzan Nasrollah Molaei Hashjin Atousa BigdeliAs an effective tool, tourism affects the base of rural economy, so it plays crucial role in the social sustainability of villages. This study was conducted to explore the role of tourism in social sustainability of Ghaemshahr Township villages. This study is an applied MoreAs an effective tool, tourism affects the base of rural economy, so it plays crucial role in the social sustainability of villages. This study was conducted to explore the role of tourism in social sustainability of Ghaemshahr Township villages. This study is an applied research used descriptive-analytical method of study. The needed data were obtained through documentary and survey studies. Population of study included all villagers (N = 17216), which 375 of them were selected as sample of study using Cochran formula. The variables of study had quantitative and qualitative nature. Likert scale was used to collect the data and SPSS software was used to analyze the collected data. T-test was also used to ensure the normal distribution of the data. Then, correlation and regression and parametric statistical tests such as Pearson correlation test were used. Findings of this study revealed that tourism has an impact on increasing social gap, increasing crime and illegal activities, reducing social cohesion among residents, improving recreational facilities, enhancing tourism facilities and services, enhancing the quality of life of villagers, and promoting the local culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Graded and Prioritized Rural Areas in Terms of Environmental Instability (Case Study: Districts of Dashti County, Bushehr Province)
P. zyaeian H. Afrakhteh M. Shoghi N. naeimabadisustainable rural development is a process to improve all aspects of rural life through the field and encourage environmental activities in harmony with the capabilities and constraints. In this regard, the main objective will be the sustainable development of rural are Moresustainable rural development is a process to improve all aspects of rural life through the field and encourage environmental activities in harmony with the capabilities and constraints. In this regard, the main objective will be the sustainable development of rural areas habitable to life for current and future generations with particular emphasis on environmental improvement and continuous development of human relations. Studies show that today the socio-economic changes and increasing mobility of human groups, has led to the transformation of the countryside. Therefore, the question of what are the main reasons for instability in rural areas has always been important. The present study has been conducted to investigate this issue. Considering the importance of the issue and the growing instability of the countryside, this case study sought to assess the level of prioritization of rural areas in terms of environmental instability in the villages of Dashti city. The method used in this study was a combination of field and descriptive-analytic. In this study, using the AHP in Software Expert Choice, weighted indexes were determined and then using model Vikor highly unstable districts in the study were examined and districts were ranked according to the severity of instability. The results showed that the drought weighed 0.390 had the greatest weight among factors of instability. And based on the model Vikor, Kabgan district (obtained Q = 0. 994) achieved the highest rank and Shonbe district (obtained Q = 0.000) achieved the lowest rank Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The Impact of Visual Media in Promoting Rural Consumption (Case Study: Rural District of Tabadakan, Mashhad County)
H. Sojasi Ghidari H. Mahmoodi A. DavarzaniMass media has a very important role in shaping the values and attitudes and willingness of people to consume in contemporary society. Changes in the level of consumerism in society are different from each other that seems to be more severe in the rural community of oth MoreMass media has a very important role in shaping the values and attitudes and willingness of people to consume in contemporary society. Changes in the level of consumerism in society are different from each other that seems to be more severe in the rural community of other human communities. The present study examined the influence of visual media on the consumer's rural society. This research was applied in nature and descriptive-analytic in method and was conducted in 10 villages in Tabadakan city of Mashhad. The number of participants was 210 heads of households and information extracted from the questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS and GIS softwares and VIKOR model. The findings show that in the surveyed villages regarding the 6 Indicators, indicator hedonism consumerism in the study had the highest and the luxury had the lowest index. And in the selected villages, the village Khoshhava had the highest average and the village of Andrkh had the lowest average index of consumption. Also, with respect to the indicators consumerism and visual media, the highest correlation was seen in hedonism and individual protests and fashion had the second rank in correlation. According to the results of the rating analysis of the VIKOR model, two villages khosh hava and Ali Abad had the most and two villages Andrkh and Frkhnd had the lowest consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Prioritization Rural Areas, Based on Indices Livability (Case Study: Zaghe District, Khoram Abad County)
Ali Monazam Esmail Poor Hadis Shahverdi Ahmad Roumiani Elias JahraziToday, assessing the viability of rural areas considered rural settlements planning a novel concepts in the literature is made And access to services and facilities to promote sustainable ecological principles Planning and sociology has attracted the attention and the s MoreToday, assessing the viability of rural areas considered rural settlements planning a novel concepts in the literature is made And access to services and facilities to promote sustainable ecological principles Planning and sociology has attracted the attention and the strong emphasis limitations. The aim of this study Prioritization based on viable rural village in the slums is. And trying to prepared questionnaire mining related indices, examine the viability of rural areas. Applied research and analytical method is used for data analysis and data model is used Kvpras. The findings showed that the differences between indices of 14 children in the rural areas studied there, The findings showed that the differences between indices of 14 children in the rural areas studied there, The J and Taleghan rural castle with a series N (100/00 and 86/ 64) to accept because of the large population, the infrastructure facilities and services (such as health care, telecommunications and Convenient access) A habitable condition And the village of Mir Ahmadi occult and the set N (56/63 and 65/72) service due to lack of infrastructure, distance from the centers of rural and less populated than other villages in the worst viability is located. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Measurement of social sustainability rate in rural areas Using Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy TOPSIS techniques (Case study: The rural-ship of PaeenVelayat in Kashmar Township)
elyas chehrazi ali Monazzam esmailpour mehdi ghanei zareThe concept of sustainable development can be mode of balance between the different dimensions of development considered, which aims to satisfy the needs and improve the quality conditions human life. Therefore, in order to achive sustainable development, appropriate ut MoreThe concept of sustainable development can be mode of balance between the different dimensions of development considered, which aims to satisfy the needs and improve the quality conditions human life. Therefore, in order to achive sustainable development, appropriate utilization of resources and the creation relationship balance and equitable between human, society and nature, the ideal aim development planners and managers, particularly rural development is to be considered. Rural population our, affect under trends and policy of recent decades transformations has been widely, but evidences show that rural areas tend to move toward instability – particulary social instability. Accordingly with reviewing theories of sustainable development and social sustainability, we designed a questionnaire in order to measure subjective social sustainability criteria of rural areas which its criteria has been valued using Fuzzy Delphi method and subsequently Fuzzy TOPSIS technique was used in order to analyze the villages over 1000 residents of PaeenVelayat rural district and in order to achieve this goal we distributed 384 samples among mentioned villagers of rural district. The methodology of research is Descriptive-Analytical. Results show that all social sustainability subjective criteria of Kasrineh and ZendehJan are placed in sustainable cluster, but the village AshratAbad zard are placed at least sustainable cluster. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Sustainability Indicators Measurement of Economic Development in Rudbar county
Alireza Darban Astane sirous hojjat bahman Tahmasieconomic sustainability aims to create a fair and balanced growth of human societies, Guaranteeing the enjoyment of individual human beings over time without compromising on biological, natural and cultural resources. The purpose of this study was to measure the sustain Moreeconomic sustainability aims to create a fair and balanced growth of human societies, Guaranteeing the enjoyment of individual human beings over time without compromising on biological, natural and cultural resources. The purpose of this study was to measure the sustainability of rural economic indicators in Rudbar county. This research is an applied and descriptive-analytic research method, the statistical society is comprised of all households living in rural areas of Rudbar county, which according to the census of 2011 has 37,910 populations and 11929 rural households. Since the number of households in the villages of Rudbar did not have the necessary coherence and consistency, the stratified random sampling method was used, which was classified into 4 categories and Finally, the sample size was determined using the Cochran formula of 327 household heads. To analyze the indicators used by the MORRIS model to evaluate the economic sustainability of sample villages, we use the VIKOR model as well as SPSS and Excel software. The results of the research show that none of the 30 indicators used was stable, 6 indicators have a relatively stable status and 24 other indicators are in an unstable state. It also shows the results of economic sustainability measures among 20 sample villages Chichal village with coefficient of 0.18 at the highest level of sustainability and Joben village with coefficient of 0.88 was the most unsustainable village according to economic indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Investigation and evaluation of Environmental Power in Rural Areas (Case Study: Vakil Abad Village of Baft City, Kerman Province)
Mohammad Sadeqh Oliaei Somayeh AziziThe present study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the environmental capabilities of villages in Vakil Abad village and by documentary and survey method with interviewer and questionnaire. The statistical population of this research is based on the census of 1 MoreThe present study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the environmental capabilities of villages in Vakil Abad village and by documentary and survey method with interviewer and questionnaire. The statistical population of this research is based on the census of 1395 including 1717 households, Using the Cochran formula, 310 people were selected as the sample size and The method of choosing a household to complete the questionnaires was based on a simple random method. Descriptive-analytic research method and in terms of application purpose, using SPSS 22 software and statistical analysis and Arc Gis is used to draw maps. The results of the research showed, Vakil Abad villages suffers from imbalances and Its effects are observed in all social and economic fields. The spatial distribution of activities and facilities was not uniform and the concentration and dispersion of population and activity were different in different regions. The lack of water resources and limitation of soil resources, the dryness of the air, the annual rainfall, the light soil texture and the inability to preserve and save the moisture and the poverty of rangelands are among the fundamental constraints. Also, severe natural resource constraints have weakened the ability to maintain population and low population density, and limits the rate of agricultural, industrial and service activity and the limited benefit of development factors and indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Explaining the Role of Tourism in Rural Areas Entrepreneurship (Case Study: The Villages of Amlash and Rudsar)
Hassan Habibi Kaveshkouhi Rahmattollah Monshizadeh Mohammad Taghi RazavianRecognizing successful economic systems in the world and going toward the economic advancement is of great significance to many countries. Using local economic patterns is one of the processes that many governments adopt to utilize available facilities so as to move tow MoreRecognizing successful economic systems in the world and going toward the economic advancement is of great significance to many countries. Using local economic patterns is one of the processes that many governments adopt to utilize available facilities so as to move towards their economic development goals. Creating an efficient environment in accordance with economic development can be highly effective in political interest for many governments of many countries. The area for economic activities encompasses both aspects residents’ lives including urban spaces and rural ones. As a matter of fact both aspects of life can be considered as golden opportunities to increase economic ability. So far, numerous scholars have conducted diverse studies, concerning various types of economic opportunities. In the last decade of twentieth century, tourism experienced drastic changes. The current research is of a descriptive-analytical and Data collection method is by completing the questionnaire in the format of the Likert specturm and research questions through the software SPSS and Excel, Maps are provided using the ARC GIS software. The results of the research show that there is a direct relationship between tourism and rural entrepreneurship development. Indeed, rural development has increased the opportunities for entrepreneurship and employment growth in rural areas. Based on the results of this research and other mentioned studies can be concluded that rural tourism plays a significant role in rural entrepreneurship, and many developing countries focus their planning towards the development of rural tourism and their competitive ability in tourism market. The incline in tourism capability causes noticeable prosperity, a sharp increase in entrepreneurship opportunities and a drastic rise in employment in rural regions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Analysis of the situation of rural areas based on the spatial planning of tourism (Case Study: East of Mazandaran Province)
ahmad roumiani Hamid Shayan Hamdollah Sojasi Qeidari Mohammad Reza RezvaniTourism planning is one of the approaches that has been effective in various dimensions of economic, social, cultural, environmental and political tourism in recent decades, and as a system, dominates the tourism spaces of a region and provides grounds for Wise manageme MoreTourism planning is one of the approaches that has been effective in various dimensions of economic, social, cultural, environmental and political tourism in recent decades, and as a system, dominates the tourism spaces of a region and provides grounds for Wise management of space, human beings and activity. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to study and analyze the situation of rural areas based on the spatial planning of tourism in eastern Mazandaran province. The type of research was applied and field data was used to collect data. GIS was used to analyze the information and rank the villages using statistical methods and the WASPAS model. The statistical population of this study is 21 tourist destination villages in three groups of locals, tourists and experts. The findings of the t single-sample statistics indicate the significance level of tourism spatial planning indicators of the village in the studied area. Also, the highest ranking among locals, tourists and experts belonging to the village of al-Taepah (Abbasabad) with Qi is equal to 0.856, and in the second place, the village of Shahid-Abad with Qi is 129.9 and in the third place of the village Niall with Qi is equal to 126.0. Thai villages with Qi equal to 0.101, the village of Orab with Qi is 103.03 and Lmorsk with Qi is equal to 105.0. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Physical - Spatial Pathology of Tourism Development in Coastal Villages (Case Study: Rasht County)
Mana Keshvardoust teymoor amarTourism is a tool for the development of rural areas. This process has caused various impacts due to fragility and vulnerability to environmental and human changes in the coastal villages of Rasht city. Therefore, due to the evident evolution of recent years, the pathol MoreTourism is a tool for the development of rural areas. This process has caused various impacts due to fragility and vulnerability to environmental and human changes in the coastal villages of Rasht city. Therefore, due to the evident evolution of recent years, the pathology of development of this industry has been addressed. The research method is descriptive-analytic and has a practical nature. In collecting data from the documentary-field method and for analyzing the consequences of tourism development and user variations, Landsat satellite imagery, ETM + and OLI sensors were prepared and pre-processed in 2000 and 2017; then, land use map by method Supervised classification (SVM) was developed in ENVI software. By reviewing the maps, the results indicate an increase in the area of man-made areas from 749.88 to 148599 ha and the reduction of the land use area from2823.31 to561.24. Research has shown that the impact of the new global system on the physical and physical dimensions of the South, and ultimately on the structure of the villages, the expansion of heterogeneous demand-oriented spheres and the emergence of incompatible physical consequences and non-systematic intervention in coastal and sheltered areas. Therefore, the lack of planning can lead to a lack of realization of the positive effects of tourism and the emergence of negative consequences, especially in the space-related dimension, and given the need to preserve this resource for the needs of the current and future generations, Principle use. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Study of Effective Indicators in Rural Quality of Life (Case Study: Osmanvand Village - Kermanshah County)
sharam darogri Parvaneh Zivyar AliReza EstalajiIntroduction: Quality of life is one of the most basic concepts of development in the present era, which examines and evaluates the general well-being of the individual and society.Research Aim: The purpose of this article is the impact of quality of life indicators fro MoreIntroduction: Quality of life is one of the most basic concepts of development in the present era, which examines and evaluates the general well-being of the individual and society.Research Aim: The purpose of this article is the impact of quality of life indicators from the perspective of villagers with the structural equation modeling approach. The current research is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation research in terms of nature.Methodology: To achieve the objectives of the research, first, using Cochran's formula, the statistical sample of 225 household heads was determined. These numbers were selected by simple random sampling. Data analysis was done using SPSS software and structural equation modeling (SEM). In this research, the observed variables were obtained for four social, economic, physical and environmental components. Four first-order factor analysis models were developed and validated to measure four subscales of quality of life. Finally, the role and effect of the observed variables and their four components on the quality of life as the main hidden dependent variable, and the relationships between them were analyzed with the help of a second-order five-factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) structural model.Geographical Area: The geographical scope of the current research is the villages of Othmavandan village in Kermanshah County.Results: The findings of the processing and acceptable validity of all four models for measuring the quality of life and the realization of goals, as well as the second-order five-factor model for examining the quality of life, were based on the collected data.Conclusion: The results of the research showed that the social index of 0.93, the environmental index of 0.97, the physical index of 0.99 and the economic index of 0.25 had an impact on the quality of life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Implementation Strategies for Reducing the Change of Agricultural Land Use (Case study: Binalood County)
amin faal jalali Maryam Ghasemi Masoud minaeiIntroduction Land use issue over the past few years Due to the great importance of land use change has received much attention So much so that today the issue of land use change is one of the most important challenges in the natural and human resource management system. MoreIntroduction Land use issue over the past few years Due to the great importance of land use change has received much attention So much so that today the issue of land use change is one of the most important challenges in the natural and human resource management system.َGoal: according to this The present study is trying With the help of strategic planning tools, Identify and present optimal implementation strategies to reduce agricultural land use change.Methodology: The research method is descriptive-analytical and two SWOT-QSPM tools have been used. From a total of 14 villages in Binalood County that have had unauthorized agricultural land use changes in recent years, 8 villages with more than 100 land use changes were selected as a sample. The Rural Experts Analysis Unit was familiar with the internal and external environment in relation to the research topic and snowball sampling method.Geographical area of research: The study area in this study were the villages with the highest amount of land use change in Binalood County, located in Khorasan Razavi province.Results and discussion: Based on exploratory studies, 18 strengths and opportunities were identified as advantages and 29 weaknesses and threats as limitations and problems facing the change of use of agricultural lands in Binalood County were identified. The opinions of the three groups (local informants and managers) were asked in the designed questionnaire. The results showed that in matrix SWOT, according to the score of IFE = 2.242 and EFE = 2.769, conservative (maximum-minimum) strategies were identified in order to reduce the change of use of agricultural lands. The following 6 strategies were prioritized using the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM).Conclusion: In this regard, the most important strategy of "organizing illegal and unprincipled constructions by implementing government oversight programs" was identified with a score of 1.211. Therefore, it is necessary to control land use changes by proper land management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Explaining the Consequences of Agricultural Land-Use Change on Demographic Changes in Rural Areas (Case Study: Sari, Mazandaran Province)
Seyyedeh Fahimeh Hashempoor Nasrollah Molaei Hashjin Mohamad Baset Ghoreyshi Bahman RamzaniAgricultural land-use changes are considered as one of the undesirable phenomena indicating the greedy nature of humans. One of the most important consequences of this undesirable change is disorder in the livelihoods and income of local residents and the occurrence of MoreAgricultural land-use changes are considered as one of the undesirable phenomena indicating the greedy nature of humans. One of the most important consequences of this undesirable change is disorder in the livelihoods and income of local residents and the occurrence of population movements. Accordingly, the main objective of this study is to investigate the consequence of agricultural land-use change on the demographic changes in rural areas of Sari city. The method of this study is descriptive-analytical and library and survey methods were used to collect data. The statistical population of the study was 25 villages, which were selected by random quota sampling and according to Cochran formula, 381 families were selected as sample size. The results of the analysis showed that in the last decade, agricultural lands has been decreased by 6% in the studied villages. It has had a great impact on the rural population dynamics. In villages near to the city and the sea due to their proximity to Sari city and having more job opportunities and benefiting from services and infrastructure an increase in population density has occurred, while in remote villages due to lack of access and unfavorable services and facilities, and value added of agricultural land-use change population decline has occurred. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Explaining the Tourism Role in Physical and Institutional stability of villages in Amol county-Mazandaran province
maryam gaza Nasrollah Molaei Hashjin eisa pourramzan mohammadreza afshariazadToday, expanding tourism is one of the most important phenomena. In fact, it can be pretended that in the current conditions, tourists rendezvous have changed from major cities and historic areas to rural and natural spaces, which in turn, it has had a significant impac MoreToday, expanding tourism is one of the most important phenomena. In fact, it can be pretended that in the current conditions, tourists rendezvous have changed from major cities and historic areas to rural and natural spaces, which in turn, it has had a significant impact on the development of rural areas. It is a suitable platform for its sustainable development, and on the other hand, it is also a means to stimulate the growth and development of the national economy. What has been considered as the main purpose of this study is the explanation of the role of tourism in the physical and institutional sustainability of villages. This is a case study was done in 85 villages which enjoy tourist resources and attraction in Amol city of Mazandaran province. The present study was applied and also descriptive-analytic research in terms of purpose and also nature, respectively. Also, the method of collecting information was library and field study. Then, the sample size by the Cochran formula was 365 families estimated. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were verified through a panel consisting of rural development professors by SPSS software was approved through Cronbach's Alpha calculation in terms of infrastructure improvement items and improving the quality of access to services. Pearson test was used to analyze the data. The results of the analysis showed that infrastructure improvement and improving the quality of access to services in the village is related to sustainable rural development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - An analysis of national media effective indices from rural areas residents’ perspective Case study: Villages of Rudsar County
, mohammad baqher baqherzade Sedigheh Hassanimehr rafat shahmari Hossein AsghariAmong the various dimensions and contexts of developments, rural development is a significant part of studies and development plans due to the main role of villages in the biological and demographic balance of communities and many researchers have demonstrated that rura MoreAmong the various dimensions and contexts of developments, rural development is a significant part of studies and development plans due to the main role of villages in the biological and demographic balance of communities and many researchers have demonstrated that rural areas are one of the best areas for effective use of communication technology. For this reason, the present study aims to discover and study the effective indices of the national media in Rudsar villagers based on the residents’ perspective in this area and to strengthen this relationship by providing appropriate solutions. Research method is descriptive analytical. After documentary studies, using the brainstorming technique and finally localization, 4components were identified and a number of variables were considered for each of them. Then, required data were collected through using questionnaire and rural households (38 numbers) and the indexing process was completed. Considering the villagers’ approach, it was found that the selected variables had a positive effect on the national media. After the personalization process and with the help of one sample t_test, the relationship between 27 indicators was found and the national media was measured and it was determined that there is a two-way relationship between the national media and the indices. Finally, it can be claimed that respected managers can use the effective indices of the national media to immigrate the shortcomings of this media and increase its advantages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Evaluation of local management in rural areas of west and southwest of Guilan province
mahmod qasemnejad, nasrollah molaeihashjin , mohammad baset qoraishi eisa pourramzanRural management is a set of information and skills and an essential element of policy-making, planning and implementation of rural development programs and is one of the main axes in the analysis of rural issues. Local management with the nature of central management, MoreRural management is a set of information and skills and an essential element of policy-making, planning and implementation of rural development programs and is one of the main axes in the analysis of rural issues. Local management with the nature of central management, organized form, subject to central government is one of the manifestations of rural management which is very important due to its considerable decision-making power. For this reason, the present study has studied the subject with the aim of evaluating local management and descriptive-analytical method in rural areas of west and southwest of Guilan province (7 cities). The statistical population of this study included governors, districts, govermente experts, district experts, housing foundation experts, agricultural jihad experts, provincial rural affairs expert, villagers and members of the Islamic Council (156 respondents) and the data collection tool was a questionnaire and regression analysis is used to analyze the data. First, using Delphi technique, three components of knowledge and attitude, rules and regulations and local indicators (including 54 variables) were selected and have been assessed from the local community to evaluate the issue. Then, with the help of regression analysis, it was found that these three components have affected local management. Also, the high and low positive limits obtained from the single-sample t-test, it can be claimed that all three indicators are in good condition. According to T-statistics, local index, knowledge and attitude, and then rules and regulations had the most to the least impact on local management in the study area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Determination of Private sector s investing fields for developing the rural industries activities in Kermanshah rural areas
masood safari parviz kardavani farzad moradiIntroduction Rural areas of the country in the last decades economic were of high Vulnerability. Industrial growth in the big cities, but also rural areas development, exacerbation of poverty found in the increase and the gap between the earning between urban a MoreIntroduction Rural areas of the country in the last decades economic were of high Vulnerability. Industrial growth in the big cities, but also rural areas development, exacerbation of poverty found in the increase and the gap between the earning between urban and rural areas was not reduced. Rural challenges faced today is essential in Iran is one of the challenges is the lack of employment and negative consequences, Rural industries is one of the solutions that can be used in tandem with other activities in rural regions apply so as to solve the problem of employment. Research Methodology The main objective of this study was to Determination of Private sectors investing fields for developing the rural industries activities in rural Kermanshah Areas. The study area was the city of Kermanshah is like that of other rural regions of Iran in recent years with continuous migration during in the countryside-urban.The community was studied in this research include households residing in the city in the rural regions of Kermanshah is based on census 2006, range studied with 732 points, household and 163095 people of the rural population is 36047.Due to the high number of villages of the city, the study was not all possible statistical society and Cochran sampling was used. The number of community-based samples analysis unit is the household number 320 sample attendants The research method is based on using questionnaire. In order to analyze variables it used statistical method includes correlation regression and nonparametric statistic with SPSS software. * Responsible Author: safarimasood@yahoo.com Results Results of this study, two types of descriptive and analytical findings has been divided into more descriptive findings of de demographic situation, such as age, sex, education and income level of households has been investigated. A study of field associated with a tendency to investment by the private sector for the creation and development of rural industries in the rural city of Kermanshah, indicating that it is 23.1 per cent of the total response maps Guyana's enormous, 47.5% options, 22.5 percent of low-and high-6.9% have very little choice. Findings show rural areas is no relationship of Between income level and the tendency to investment, But private sector investment more under the influence of other factors, such as governmental support, such as loans and training in entrepreneurship and future career. Also among the individual properties only between age and inclination to investment a significant relationship exists. Other findings of this study, the tendency for high response in rural areas. Conclusion One of these sources in the direction of the creation of employment and earning income in rural activities related to rural industries and technology and studies in rural regions. Facilitate the process and conditions of repayment of the loan and get finally contribute to the process of marketing products small scale at the level of District Board can improve the process of the development of rural industries. Creating data station according to the understudy area potentials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Limitation of water resources and their role in Khorassan Razavi rural area in stability
Majid yasooriKhorasan province in the east part of Iran faces with deficit of rainfall and draught because of locating on arid belt as well as being far away from humid centers. Increasing growth of population, need for agricultural and animal products, increasing need for water sup MoreKhorasan province in the east part of Iran faces with deficit of rainfall and draught because of locating on arid belt as well as being far away from humid centers. Increasing growth of population, need for agricultural and animal products, increasing need for water supply in the industry sector, mean while, and the limitation of water resources, on the other hand, bears server problems for the development of province. On the other hand, inadaptability of potentials and capacities and the restriction of water resources as well as the exploitation procedure have increased the development challenges of the province due to inappropriate settlement of the population and activities. Severe shortage of water resources resulted from unauthorized and excessive exploitations, population growth, and increase of demand in different sectors have made the role of this vital material in regional development more sidnificant. Therefore, establishing a balance in rate of water consumption and revived water in the region in tandem with the land use (land preparation) policies is one of the most important measures which are necessary to be taken in the later phases of optimal exploitation of water resources (increase of the irrigation yield). In other words, paying no attention to the present situation of explotiting water resources, removing exisiting bottlenecks, not applying land preparation policies in settlement of population and activities, will confront the region with essential challenges Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Process’s of creating and spreading second home in mountain jangle area of north of Iran during (1345 to 1385)
khadijeh galin moghadamToday creating second home of type tourism development in some of area in the world is common. During recent popular creating second home in around of big cities respecting in north of Iran is common and spec ting. In this respect, Jannat Rodbar in Ramsar township. in MoreToday creating second home of type tourism development in some of area in the world is common. During recent popular creating second home in around of big cities respecting in north of Iran is common and spec ting. In this respect, Jannat Rodbar in Ramsar township. in result of having suitable geographic location, close to sea and jungle and, area that tourists come there Like Tehran.Today jannat rodbar as touristic area that is affected a lot of tourism development. On the basis of that, high density of population in summer season, lack of tourism service, Population, environment pollution, change of land use and so on are the most important negative impacts of tourism development. In this article doing this study in this area in 46 seasonal and continual settlement Process’s of creating and spreading second home in mountain jangle area of north of Iran during (1345 to 1385) is evaluated. Finding show tourism development planning and management in respect of second home can develop rural areas in this region Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Sustainable development with the focus on religious buildings of neighborhoods
ghazal nouri araz najafi farzad mafiAbstractOne of the most important issues that have been considered by researchers is sustainable development and its influential factors. But the priority of attention to social and cultural sustainability has been neglected as a key aspect of sustainable development fo MoreAbstractOne of the most important issues that have been considered by researchers is sustainable development and its influential factors. But the priority of attention to social and cultural sustainability has been neglected as a key aspect of sustainable development for the rural environment relative to economic, environmental and geographical development. This aspect of sustainable development can be discussed by examining the environmental and the legal framework of the Islamic neighborhoods that represents the social and effective criteria for cultural and religious integration. Reviewing previous studies based on the objectives of the law of the sixth program of economic, social and cultural development of Islamic Republic of Iran, helped to find majour criteria which impact on social and cultural stability of rural environment. It is notable that sustainability criteria in rural areas of Iran are population, security, health, social interactions, cultural assimilation, education and employment. Since the emergence of the first social area of the village is neighborhood that has been influenced by various religious, economic, and social factors as the center of religious, economic, social and cultural gatherings, this article is based on the method of library studies, has been concluded that by relying on the objectives of the five-year-sixth development plan, the optimization of the cultural and religious infrastructure of the neighborhood and the development of religious buildings, which is part of the cultural heritage of the country and people's beliefs, it leads to social and cultural sustainability, as a main part of the issue of sustainable development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - ارزیابی توزیع درآمد در استان زنجان (مطالعه موردی خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان ابهر)
Mostafa Teimoori Nina Rajaee Mohammad hadi Hajian هدف پژوه حاضر ارزیابی توزیع درآمد در خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان ابهر استان زنجان می باشد، بدین منظور از آمار هزینه - درآمد خانوارهای مناطق روستایی شهرستان ابهر موجود در مرکز آمار ایران استفاده شد، این اطلاعات با استفاده از تکنیک هایی نظیر ضریب جینی، مقایسه ی More هدف پژوه حاضر ارزیابی توزیع درآمد در خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان ابهر استان زنجان می باشد، بدین منظور از آمار هزینه - درآمد خانوارهای مناطق روستایی شهرستان ابهر موجود در مرکز آمار ایران استفاده شد، این اطلاعات با استفاده از تکنیک هایی نظیر ضریب جینی، مقایسه ی دهک ها، مقایسه ی پنجک ها ومحاسبه ی نسبت های درآمدی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند، نتایج آمار توصیفی تحقیق نشان داد که میانگین سن افراد مورد مطالعه 8/49 سال بوده، بیشترین فراوانی مربوط به گروه سنی 31 تا 40 سال و کمترین فراوانی مربوط یه گروه سنی 51-60 سال بوده است، 2/87 درصد سرپرستان خانوارها مرد و 10 نفر آن ها زن بوده اند ، 8/80 درصد سرپرستان خانوار، دارای همسر و مابقی فاقد همسر بوده­اند، نتایج تحلیلی تحقیق نشان می­دهد 20 درصد غنی­ترین خانوارهای جامعه روستایی شهرستان ابهر بیش از نیمی از درآمدها را دارا بوده­اند، 4 دهک فقیر، کمتر از 10 درصد درآمد را صاحب شده­اند. غنی­ترین دهک کشاورز حدود 28 برابر ضعیف­ترین دهک و غنی­ترین دهک غیرکشاورز بیش از 74 برابر ضعیف­ترین دهک صاحب درآمد بوده­اند. همجنین نتایج نشان داد که توزیع درآمد در بین خانوارهای کشاورز نسبت به خانوارهای غیرکشاورز شرایط مناسب­تری داشته به طوری که ضریب جینی در بین خانوارهای کشاورز 55/0 و در بین خانوارهای غیرکشاورز 56/0 بوده است، نتایج تحلیل همبستگی نشان می­دهد که بین سن سرپرست خانوارهای مورد مطالعه و هزینه ناخالص سالانه آنها رابطه آماری معنی­داری منفی در سطح 5 درصد خطا وجود داشته ولی بین سطح تحصیلات سرپرست خانوارهای مورد مطالعه با هزینه ناخالص سالانه آنها ارتباط معنی­دار مثبت در سطح 1 درصد خطا وجود داشته است، نتایج آزمون­های مقایسه میانگین نشان می­دهد بین هزینه سالانه خانوارهای با سرپرست زن و مرد و خانوارهای با وضعیت زناشویی مختلف، تفاوت معنی­داری وجود داشته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - طراحی الگوی نظام مدیریت اطلاعات آموزش کارآفرینی در مناطق روستایی استان ایلام
روناک عالیپور اردشیر شیری همایون مرادنژادیاین پژوهش با هدف ارائه الگویی نظاممند بهمنظور مدیریت نظام اطلاعات آموزش کارآفرینی روستایی در استان ایلام انجام شده است. روش شناسی پژوهش توصیفی و با استفاده از تکنیک دلفی صورت گرفت. در این مطالعه نمونهگیری بهصورت هدفمند انجام شد و تعداد15 نفر از خبرگان شامل اعضای هیئ Moreاین پژوهش با هدف ارائه الگویی نظاممند بهمنظور مدیریت نظام اطلاعات آموزش کارآفرینی روستایی در استان ایلام انجام شده است. روش شناسی پژوهش توصیفی و با استفاده از تکنیک دلفی صورت گرفت. در این مطالعه نمونهگیری بهصورت هدفمند انجام شد و تعداد15 نفر از خبرگان شامل اعضای هیئتعلمی دانشگاه، مدیران و کارشناسان بهعنوان نمونه انتخاب و در سه مرحله دلفی پژوهش مشارکت کردند. در دور سوم دلفی الگوی نهایی شامل هفت مؤلفه (گردآوری داده، ذخیره و نگهداری اطلاعات، کنترل کیفیت دادهها، تجزیهوتحلیل اطلاعات، اشاعه اطلاعات، مستندسازی و تبادل و بهکارگیری اطلاعات) و 22 زیر مؤلفه مورد تأیید خبرگان قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد برای کاربست نظام مدیریت اطلاعات آموزش کارآفرینی لازم است برای گردآوری دادهها، ابتدا اطلاعات موردنیاز (اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی، زیرساختی، اکولوژیکی و غیره) مناطق روستایی مشخص شود. برای ذخیره و نگهداری اطلاعات، دادهها در سامانه ای که لازم است برای مدیریت نظام اطلاعات آموزش کارآفرینی طراحی گردد، وارد شوند. همچنین براساس نتایج این پژوهش، کنترل کیفیت، تجزیه و تحلیل، اشاعه، مستند سازی و تبادل داده های نظام آموزش کارآفرینی، توسط دفتر هماهنگی امور اقتصادی استانداری انجام شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - فرصت های کسب و کار برای مناطق روستایی استان ایلام
همایون مرادنژادی مرجان واحدیاین پژوهش با هدف شناسایی فرصتهای کسب و کارهای خانگی برای مناطق روستایی استان ایلام به انجام رسیده است. روش شناسی پژوهش، جزو روشهای ترکیبی کیفی و کمی است. روش پژوهش در مرحله اول، کیفی و با استفاده از مصاحبه های نیمه ساختارمند و بحث گروهی متمرکز و مرحله دوم، کمی و به رو Moreاین پژوهش با هدف شناسایی فرصتهای کسب و کارهای خانگی برای مناطق روستایی استان ایلام به انجام رسیده است. روش شناسی پژوهش، جزو روشهای ترکیبی کیفی و کمی است. روش پژوهش در مرحله اول، کیفی و با استفاده از مصاحبه های نیمه ساختارمند و بحث گروهی متمرکز و مرحله دوم، کمی و به روش توصیفی–پیمایشی انجام شده است. در این پژوهش شرکت کنندگان به صورت هدفمند از میان دهیاران، کارشناسان دفتر هماهنگی امور اقتصادی استانداری، کارشناسان سازمان جهاد کشاورزی، کارشناسان اداره کل میراث فرهنگی و کارشناسان سازمان صنعت، معدن و تجارت انتخاب شدند. گردآوری داده ها با مشارکت تعداد 72 نفر در قالب 9 جلسه شش تا 11 نفره به صورت متمرکز و به روش FGD ( Focus Group Discussion) به انجام رسید. تحلیل داده ها در روش کیفی از راهبرد مقایسه مداوم و همزمان Corbin و Strauss و در سه مرحله کدگذاری و در مرحله کمی از نرم افزار spss استفاده شد. در پایان، کسب و کارهای خانگی دارای اولویت در زیربخش های کشاورزی، صنایع تبدیلی و صنایع دستی برای هر کدام از شهرستان های استان ایلام، معرفی شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Factors affecting the acceptance of agricultural insurance (Case study: Planting pistachios in rural areas of Abarkouh)
Alireza Estelaji Abraham Fathinia Vahideh Akrami AbarghoeeBecause farmers as part of human economic activity has an essential role in the life and development of communities, including rural communities. Among which pistachios due to its high nutritional value, the demand for international markets, and in accordance with the c MoreBecause farmers as part of human economic activity has an essential role in the life and development of communities, including rural communities. Among which pistachios due to its high nutritional value, the demand for international markets, and in accordance with the climatic conditions of our country should be considered. This article is the purpose of the survey is analytical descriptive approach. In this article is subject to effective factors in acceptance insurance (Case Study: pistachio cultivation in rural areas Abarkouh County) has been paid, and how to collect data on library and field (use of articles, books, theses, organizations of all sizes, soft software, Minitab and SPSS) was investigated using logistic regression. The study population of rural residents Abarkouh County are those who are engaged in the cultivation of pistachios (whether as principal activity or as a secondary activity alongside other jobs or other cultures). The required data using 141 questionnaires were collected through random sampling in the 2015-2016 season. In order to assess the validity of factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of that amount was determined as 85%. The results show, structures such as pistachio education, product performance, employment, the provision of timely service, satisfaction, compensation, communication with experts and advocates to promote, attend classes and membership positively and acceptance are significant and pistachio crop insurance. The rate of satisfaction of compensation, the structures on insurance adoption among the pistachio pistachio is Abarkuh rural County Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Ranking of rural areas in terms of access to ICT facilities utilizes TOPSIS method
Adele Esmaeli Dastjerdi Poor Mohammad Chizari Mahmood Motavaseli Hasan SaddighiThese days, advanced technologies are one of the principle growth and development in countries. Nevertheless, existing digital gap between rural and urban areas is an important concern in communicational technologies developing. Because this gap stops benefit of develop MoreThese days, advanced technologies are one of the principle growth and development in countries. Nevertheless, existing digital gap between rural and urban areas is an important concern in communicational technologies developing. Because this gap stops benefit of developing policies and increases gap between rural and urban areas. To achieve equal and comprehensive growth, it is necessary to assessment availability of information and communication facilities and recognition weakness point to do necessary policies for improving. Ranking of rural regions based on access to the facilities would be suitable for this aim. This paper has two aims. First, survey effect of information and communication technology on development of agricultural sector and second, ranking rural areas based on access to information and communication technology facilities by using TOPSIS and Hierarchical Additive Weighting Method. To achieve first aim, an ICT indicator was estimated, and then surveys its effect on agricultural growth function. The results indicated that information and communication technology had significant positive effect Based on the ranking, Tehran, Khorasan-e Razavi and Fars had had the highest access to ICT facilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Assessing the Factor Validity of the Questionnaire "Creating a Distance Education System in Rural Areas" With Emphasis on Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Amir Hossein Oraki Mahboubeh Sadat Fadavi Narges SaeidianThe purpose of this study was to investigate the factor validity of the "Establishment of distance education system in rural areas" questionnaire with emphasis on confirmatory factor analysis. The research method was a series of exploratory explorations. In the qualitat MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the factor validity of the "Establishment of distance education system in rural areas" questionnaire with emphasis on confirmatory factor analysis. The research method was a series of exploratory explorations. In the qualitative part of the study, content analysis with inductive approach was used. Research environment in this section, 84 documents including 67 articles and books, 17 texts of interviews in the field of distance education that were selected as a sample, the components obtained in this research include 7 main components including management and leadership infrastructure, Economic infrastructure, technical infrastructure, educational infrastructure, socio-cultural and value infrastructure, organizational infrastructure and human infrastructure and 25 sub-components. The relative content validity coefficient was used to assess the validity and the Holsti coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the themes. The extracted reliability coefficient was 0.98 which indicated the high reliability of the themes. In the quantitative part, 290 members of the sample were selected by Cochran method and stratified random sampling method. The research tool was a 70-item researcher-made questionnaire. To evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, face, content and structural validity were used, and to assess its reliability, Cronbach's alpha with a value of 0.90 was used. According to the relative chi-square fit indices, adaptive fit, adaptive fitting and barbell, the model had a good fit. Finally, the factor validity of the "Establishment of distance education system in rural areas" questionnaire was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024