-
Open Access Article
1 - Investigating the effect of dimensions of organizational justice on behaviors based on divine rationality and emotion (Research case: Shiraz Electricity Distribution Company)
saeed khajehfard Sanjar Salajegheh Yaser Salari mahdi mohamad bagheriThe role of rationality and emotion in shaping people's behavior has been proven, but the role of organizational justice in the behavior of the organization's employees is of particular importance. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of dimensions MoreThe role of rationality and emotion in shaping people's behavior has been proven, but the role of organizational justice in the behavior of the organization's employees is of particular importance. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of dimensions of organizational justice on behaviors based on divine rationality and emotion. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in terms of nature and method. The statistical population of the research included 1477 employees of Shiraz Electricity Distribution Company, of which 313 people were selected by stratified random method. Data analysis was done using SPSS-23 and PLS-3 software and structural equation modeling method. The results of the findings showed that despite the confirmation of the relationship between the dimensions of organizational justice on most of the behaviors based on divine rationality and emotion, the effect of distributive justice on superior behavior and the effect of informational justice on distasteful and low behavior were not confirmed. Also, by examining the coefficients of the path, it was found that procedural justice has the most negative role in the occurrence of low and distasteful behaviors, and transactional justice has the most positive effect in the occurrence of desirable and superior behaviors. Finally, by examining the coefficients of determination, suggestions were made with the aim of reforming procedural and distributional policies as well as strengthening transactional justice in order to increase superior behavior in the organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Rational Model In Policy Making of Islamic Azad University Education System
Mahbobeh Montazer Ataei Ahmad Akbari Moslem Cherabin Mohamad KarimiBackground: In the administration of state affairs, in contrast to the complexity of the environment, policymaking has a very large share.Maintaining or neglected indicators of a policy can best implement it or fail it. Objective: The present research is aimed at provid MoreBackground: In the administration of state affairs, in contrast to the complexity of the environment, policymaking has a very large share.Maintaining or neglected indicators of a policy can best implement it or fail it. Objective: The present research is aimed at providing a rational model in public policy of Islamic Azad University Education System. Methods: Methods In this study, is the Delphi method. In order to identify the components of the research, theoretical foundations of research and the components of the experts have been used. The research experts are the board of trustees of the Islamic Azad University who were selected by snowball method. Shannon entropy technique has been used to analyze the data to rank the components of the components. Findings: The research findings are 69 indicators, 13 components and 3 categories in the field of policy rationality.Economic rationality has been achieved with the highest importance and legal rationality with the least important factor. Conclusion: Identified components for policymaking in the education system can be considered Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A Comparative Study on Critical Rational View in Habermas and Poper’s Thoughts
Jahangir Bagheri Ilkhchi Manhnaz NazelianPopper and Habermas’ political thoughts are formed based on the relationship betweenrationality and criticism to an extent that, despite their differences, the two elements playkey roles in their notions. Popper views rationality as a whole, and beside rejecting H MorePopper and Habermas’ political thoughts are formed based on the relationship betweenrationality and criticism to an extent that, despite their differences, the two elements playkey roles in their notions. Popper views rationality as a whole, and beside rejecting Habermas’historicity and antagonizing, he has rational and irrational totalitar. On the other hand,Habermas criticizes the uniqueness of scientific methods and emphasizes on the epistemologicaldifferences. Now the question is that: Considering rationality and criticism as twomain elements of Habermas and Popper’s thoughts, what are the similarities and differencesin their views?Our hypothesis is that the presence of rationality and criticism in both Popper and Habermas’thoughts has led to similar results regardless of the different mindsets they favoured.The present paper aims to demonstrate how Habermas and Popper reached the same resultsin site of two different ideologies they belonged to. The method applied here is comparative.The results may be used in academic and political milieu, civil institutions like politicalparties and directing politicians. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Hypothesis testing of Heterogeneous agents using STAR model with multivariate transition function: A case study of Tehran Stock market
Hassan Heidari Parisa Johari Salmasi Saeid Rasekhi Hamidreza FaaljooIn this study, in order to investigate the hypothesis of Heterogeneous agents in the Tehran Stock market and for examine empirically the importance of fundamental analysts and technical analysts in Tehran Stock market and the effects of macroeconomic variables on the sh MoreIn this study, in order to investigate the hypothesis of Heterogeneous agents in the Tehran Stock market and for examine empirically the importance of fundamental analysts and technical analysts in Tehran Stock market and the effects of macroeconomic variables on the share of the decision-makers in the stock market, we have used Tehran Stock Exchange data and Iran's macroeconomic time series data to estimate the STAR model with multivariate transition function over the seasonally period 1376 to 1393. The results of the model indicate that the share of market fundamentalist analysts when high risk and high volatility in stock price indices in the market there is more than technical analysts. Economic growth also took a larger share of the market analysts use technical analysis agents Therefore market prices diverge from their fundamental value. Also during that industrial production in the economy increases fundamentalist analysts are dominant in the stock market and Prices gradually converge towards the base price Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - A Sociological Study of the Culture of Development in Hawrami Proverbs
Mansour Vosoughi Adel Abdollahi -
Open Access Article
6 - Spreading Modern Rationality and forming the New Patterns of Family; a Study of Cohabitation Style in Tehran
Amirmasoud Amirmazaheri Leila Shiri Gheydari Mahshid Shahidi -
Open Access Article
7 - The Analysis of Fatalism and Rationality in Oral Literature (Case of Study: Kurdish Oral Literature)
Tooba Zamani Alireza Mohseni Tabrizi -
Open Access Article
8 - The principle of prohibition of discrimination in the international law regarding human rights and a feasibility study on disregarding the discriminatory rules of Islamic law
Ali Asghar AfshariThe principle of prohibition of discrimination is a principle that is recognized as a human rights principle in the international law and is emphasized on by numerous documents. The principle of prohibition of discrimination that enjoys a worldwide acceptability and is MoreThe principle of prohibition of discrimination is a principle that is recognized as a human rights principle in the international law and is emphasized on by numerous documents. The principle of prohibition of discrimination that enjoys a worldwide acceptability and is confirmed by the contemporary rationality, may represent the transition from the discriminatory mores of the age of legislation to the egalitarian mores of the contemporary age. The question at hand is: what are the impacts of this transition on the discriminatory rules of Islamic law? Considering the fact that the discriminatory mores of the age of legislation were part of the subjects of the discriminatory rules of the legislator, is it right to claim that with the advent of the principle of prohibition of discrimination -that indicates the annihilation of the discriminatory mores of the age of legislation and formation of the new mores- the subjects of the discriminatory rules are eliminated and as a result the discriminatory rules of Islamic law are negated through the negation of their subjects? This article is an attempt to present that the discriminatory mores of the age of legislation are bound to the subjects of the discriminatory rules and thereupon with the formation of the principle of prohibition of discrimination that implies the egalitarian mores, the discriminatory rules of Islamic law will be replaced with egalitarian rules. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Criminalizing by Quran and Rationality
Vahab DaneshPazhouCriminalization is a process whereby legislators with regard to the basic norms and values of society and relying on its foundations; prohibit behaviors anddetermines criminal sanctions for them. The Quran also commands norms for managing individual and society, and p MoreCriminalization is a process whereby legislators with regard to the basic norms and values of society and relying on its foundations; prohibit behaviors anddetermines criminal sanctions for them. The Quran also commands norms for managing individual and society, and protect the human value and criminalized behaviors detrimental to the fundamental interests of the masses. Criminalization of the Koran is assessable in support of human values and fundamental interests of society that story ofconsistent with the Rationality and compliance with human rights. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Public Sector Management Accounting Pattern with Financial Productivity Approach, Study of Role of Rationality, Expense and Financial Efficiency
Karamollah DaneshfardThe purpose of research is to recognize the reason and method of pattern governing the financial decision making and planning in public sector. The type of research is descriptive and its execution method is field executed by using research strategy of quality and quant MoreThe purpose of research is to recognize the reason and method of pattern governing the financial decision making and planning in public sector. The type of research is descriptive and its execution method is field executed by using research strategy of quality and quantity mixture, and questionnaire was used for data collection. Since financial productivity is an important mean for determining type and content of financial programs, this paper offers and examines the pattern of forming financial planning in public sector based on the financial productivity, financial efficiency, expense efficiency and rationality in order to determine the dimensions of bases of financial planning process in public sector. This model was established based on three fields of management literature (literature of management accounting, literature of financial productivity and planning). The research findings showed that the financial productivity helps the formation of governmental programs in public sectors, and financial programs of public sectors have positive effect on social equality and public demand. The results obtained from statistical sample confirm the model Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Investigating the executive strategies of organizational improvement based on culture for the effectiveness of human resources
vahid mirzaei normohammad Yaghoubi zohre moghaddasIntroduction and research purpose: Efficiency and effectiveness as the output of human and organizational systems is achieved when work and behavioral processes are modified, on the other hand, a key factor in the successful implementation of improvement strategies as w MoreIntroduction and research purpose: Efficiency and effectiveness as the output of human and organizational systems is achieved when work and behavioral processes are modified, on the other hand, a key factor in the successful implementation of improvement strategies as well as adaptation to the environmental turmoil that modern organizations face. Reform in organizational culture. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the executive strategies of organizational improvement based on culture in terms of human resource effectiveness. In this research, the framework of competitive values of Queen and Cameron has been used. The statistical population of the study includes law enforcement personnel of Sistan and Baluchestan province, of which 384 people were selected as a sample.Method: The present research is applied in terms of field and survey nature and based on the purpose. For data analysis at the inferential level, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression, Friedman, skewness and elongation tests were used. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used for research reliability and CVR and CVI coefficients were used for content validity.Findings: Correlation coefficient and regression tests show that there is a positive relationship between research variables. This means that the conceptual model of the research is significant with 95% confidence and based on the available data, this model is able to express changes.Results: Research introduces rational culture as the dominant organizational culture. Also, the maximum and minimum effectiveness are related to the variables of e-government and power distribution Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - A Study of Cultural factors affecting the Development of Collective work (case of study: Tehrani women 20 years of age and above)
mansour haghighatianThe present paper investigates the influence of cultural factors on team work and collective activity. In other words it aims to examine the effects of cultural factors along with its components on collective work including its subparts such as common goals, common feel MoreThe present paper investigates the influence of cultural factors on team work and collective activity. In other words it aims to examine the effects of cultural factors along with its components on collective work including its subparts such as common goals, common feelings, common values and common interactions). The research population consisted of all women of the city of Tehran who were 20 years of age and above who in 1397 (2018 B.C.) numbered 2817308, of whom, using SPSS sample power software and multi-step cluster sampling technique, 520 individuals were selected as the sample. The results showed that independent variables such as instrumental rationality, cultural capital, and religiosity were significantly related to collective work. Individualism was not significantly related to collective work. The moderating effect of generalized commitment had a positive effect on the relationship between religiosity and collective work. In other words, generalized commitment enhanced and promoted the connection between religiosity and collective work. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - A historical study of the role of marketing system in Iran's social development (contemporary era)
Adel valizadeh Rashid Ahmadrash Iraj Sai ArsyA historical study of the role of marketing system in Iran's social development (contemporary era)AbstractInvestments based on development programs didn’t lead to proper results which caused to turn to new paradigms of stable and internal development patterns whic MoreA historical study of the role of marketing system in Iran's social development (contemporary era)AbstractInvestments based on development programs didn’t lead to proper results which caused to turn to new paradigms of stable and internal development patterns which are so nearer to social justice. To do this, the goal is creation and blending marketing and unmark ting institutions, or in another words, reduction of the failure of marketing and unmark ting systems. In this case, institutions and institution arrangements make potential changes and capacities possible.In this regard, this paper is done based on qualitative method and due to its institutional approach analyzes Iran’s marketing system in new era’s discourses. According to research findings, we can say, in spite of infrastructural developments and Land Reforms Project in Reza shah periods and after that, traditional economical functions were destroyed for the benefits of marketing, yet there are harsh obstacles for developed marketing and closed competitions. New changes in distribution patterns have not even created new outlooks. This is true for both before and after Iran’s revolution.Key words: institutionalizing, collective action, social network relationship, marketing rationality, social development Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - A survey about the impact of women's education and their value orientation toward development
Hassan Saraie Sousan Sahami -
Open Access Article
15 - A study of effective social and cultural factors in social identity (A case study of Hshtgerd city)
Gholamabbas Tavassoli Mehdi Asl-e Zaiem -
Open Access Article
16 - Logical Positivism and Habermas Critical Position on It
Ebrahim Motaghi Hossein Abdollahi -
Open Access Article
17 - A Historical Study of the Role of Marketing System in Iran's Social Development (Contemporary Era)
Adel Valizadeh Rashid Ahmadrash Iraj Saie ArsiInvestments based on development programs didn’t lead to proper results which caused to turn to new paradigms of stable and internal development patterns which are so nearer to social justice. To do this, the goal is creation and blending marketing and unmark ting MoreInvestments based on development programs didn’t lead to proper results which caused to turn to new paradigms of stable and internal development patterns which are so nearer to social justice. To do this, the goal is creation and blending marketing and unmark ting institutions, or in another words, reduction of the failure of marketing and unmark ting systems. In this case, institutions and institution arrangements make potential changes and capacities possible. In this regard, this paper is done based on qualitative method and due to its institutional approach analyzes Iran’s marketing system in new era’s discourses. According to research findings, we can say, in spite of infrastructural developments and Land Reforms Project in Reza shah periods and after that, traditional economical functions were destroyed for the benefits of marketing, yet there are harsh obstacles for developed marketing and closed competitions. New changes in distribution patterns have not even created new outlooks. This is true for both before and after Iran’s revolution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Philosophical Question and Its Place in Human Culture
Forouzan RasekhiIn this Paper, in order to be able to make clear the place ofphilosophical question in human culture, first, an attempt has beenmade to answer three preliminary questions, namely, “What is aphilosophical question?”, “which kinds of philosophical questi MoreIn this Paper, in order to be able to make clear the place ofphilosophical question in human culture, first, an attempt has beenmade to answer three preliminary questions, namely, “What is aphilosophical question?”, “which kinds of philosophical questionsexist?” and “What are to motives of raising the philosophicalquestion?”. Answers are brief and, nonetheless, clear. Then, theprincipal question, i.e., “what are the points of dealing with thephilosophical questions?” is discussed in more detail, with thephilosophical questions?” is discussed in more detail, with the resultthat there are three main points in dealing with them: promotingrationality and rationalism, intellectual autonomy, and egalitarianismand tolerance. It has been shown that the contributions ofphilosophizing to human culture consist in preventing narcissism,prejudice, dogmatism, fanaticism, superstition, indoctrination,suggestibility, and mimicry, following the public opinion, following theintellectual fashions, intellectual fashions, intellectual imperialism, andintolerance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Development of Philosophy of Science from Critical Realist Viewpoint: a Hasty Review
علی پایاHere, after presenting some “definitions” of philosophy of science, I workout my plausible definition and, then, engage in the most significantchanges of philosophy of science from origin until today as briefly aspossible. Although, main purpose is that our MoreHere, after presenting some “definitions” of philosophy of science, I workout my plausible definition and, then, engage in the most significantchanges of philosophy of science from origin until today as briefly aspossible. Although, main purpose is that our readers get perspective aboutsubject-matter and question accompanying with their proposal solution,but, in some cases, subject-matters are criticized and evaluated from arealistic view based on critical rationality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Logic of Situation and its Appliance to Literary Criticism and Theories
رهبر اشنوئی محمودزادهMuch has been said in discussions concerning literary criticism fromthe position of the writer and the reader deciding the type of theexisting readings and claims in criticisms. But the problem is that theidentity of the writers and readers of various texts are not prec MoreMuch has been said in discussions concerning literary criticism fromthe position of the writer and the reader deciding the type of theexisting readings and claims in criticisms. But the problem is that theidentity of the writers and readers of various texts are not preciselydefinite and determined in a way we could be able to establish ourcritic claims. How could we deal with such a problem and what mightbe the solution to it? The concepts such as “the real individual”,“typical individual” and the broader concept of “the logic of situation”have been applied here to find a solution to this problem and all thesediscussions have become an introduction to Roland Barth's “the deathof the writer” theory. And here Roland Barth's viewpoints can bechallenged. A study of Barth's theory according to the concept of “thelogic of situation” can lead us to results contradictory with those ofBarth's. In fact, the work done here in this article is that the theory of 'the death of the writer' has been applied to that theory itself; that is, theconsequences of Barth's theory have been studied independent from hisown intentions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The Necessity of Interaction Between Metaphysics and Sciences
علی مرادخانیThis paper is a reflection on the interaction between metaphysics andscience that has been existed since the pre-modern epoch, an exampleof which was actualized in Aristotle's system of metaphysics andscience. Yet, this interaction was gradually undermined by the advent MoreThis paper is a reflection on the interaction between metaphysics andscience that has been existed since the pre-modern epoch, an exampleof which was actualized in Aristotle's system of metaphysics andscience. Yet, this interaction was gradually undermined by the adventof scientific revolution especially the classic period of science in the17th and 18th century in modern epoch. In the 19th century, theappearances of positivism caused metaphysics lose its meaningfulnessand laid it aside from the realm of episteme and then put it in the sphereof tastes, emotions and passions. In the 20th century, philosophies andmetaphysical systems, in the common sense, failed to direct sciencesand claimed a sort of independence from sciences through raisingtechnical problems in fields of language and logic.However, this independence supported metaphysics and philosophyversus techno-science, in the meanwhile metaphysics lost another mainrole, the raising rationality in the field of sciences. This article explainsthis problem after a brief introduction and argues that pursuit of thisissue is not a technical-academic problem but a matter of human life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Overcoming the Justificationist Addiction
دیوید میلرIt is a simple, though ancient, mistake in the theory ofknowledge to think that justification, in any degree, is central torationality, or even important to it. We must cut for ever the intellectualapron strings that continue to offer us spurious and unneeded security, MoreIt is a simple, though ancient, mistake in the theory ofknowledge to think that justification, in any degree, is central torationality, or even important to it. We must cut for ever the intellectualapron strings that continue to offer us spurious and unneeded security, andreplace the insoluble problem of what our theories are based on by thesoluble problem of how to expose their shortcomings. The paper willoutline (not for the first time) the critical rationalism of Karl Popper,taking account of some recent criticisms. A brief discussion of the statusof the laws of logic provides an illustration of the power of the criticalapproach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Behavioral Decision Making Pattern for Individual Investors In Tehran Stock Exchange
M. Hossein Abdorrahimian Taqi Torabi S. Jalal Sadeghisharif Roya DarabiIn accordance with the objectives, qualitative and quantitative composition was operated. The strategy also phenomenography in qualitative section, in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted with experts capital market and analyzed using content analysis methods that MoreIn accordance with the objectives, qualitative and quantitative composition was operated. The strategy also phenomenography in qualitative section, in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted with experts capital market and analyzed using content analysis methods that eighteen components were identified. Whit this components the questionnaire of quantitative sectin was designed. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed into available non random sampling and 275 completed questionnaires were collected. Data from the questionnaire using factor analysis to investigate and research the major issues such as cultural factors, cognitive, emotional, and personality were identified. Moreover, data through software SPSS and Amos Graphic using path analysis were analyzed. The results indicate that the most fundamental factor for the behavior of investors is culture. Cognitive bias etc. are precedence over emotional bias etc. (schema theory) alongside influence of personality, cause herding behaviors in the decision making private investors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - A View on the Comprehensiveness of Qur'an through Rational Education
Alireza Zakizadeh Renani Fatemeh Taebi IsfahaniThe present article has looked at the issue of comprehensiveness with a descriptive-analytical method for explaining the Qur'anic rational education and expressing the Qur'an's view in combining religion and intellect. In fact, Qur'an has paid attention to train thought MoreThe present article has looked at the issue of comprehensiveness with a descriptive-analytical method for explaining the Qur'anic rational education and expressing the Qur'an's view in combining religion and intellect. In fact, Qur'an has paid attention to train thought in the audiences in various ways. This book, throughout wisdom, accepts neither extreme rationalism nor anti-rationalism; Quranic rational education is focused at the widest audience and with all aspects of rationality. In this research, rational education has been studied in all three dimensions of rationality. It seems that all these types have been trained in the Qur'an. Fundamental rationality with Qur'anic arguments and rationality of values with criticism of incorrect insights and methods and presentation of moral examples and practical models and instrumental rationality with its special conditions have been considered by Qur'anic education; This is a clear example of the comprehensiveness of this noble book. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Analytical Study of Habermas’s Ethical Principals and its Critics from Quranic View Point
Adel Ramezani Mostafa Qaderi Mohsen Imani NaeiniHabermas – philosopher second generation of Frankfurt critical school – believes that modern wisdom is able to unwrap all of his aspects which is the only dominant tool on modern society. He tries to renovate modernity project by explaining relational action MoreHabermas – philosopher second generation of Frankfurt critical school – believes that modern wisdom is able to unwrap all of his aspects which is the only dominant tool on modern society. He tries to renovate modernity project by explaining relational actions which remains powerless. He attempts to offer a model and pattern of ethical education based on relational rationality which counts as his most important viewpoint. The present article which is done by descriptive – analytical approach, initially reviews Habermas’s relational action theory and then concludes ethical education viewpoint and finally criticizes it. The result of the research shows that Habermas’s emphasis on relational rationality makes the individuals mature and in social levels makes him to achieve understanding based on ethical actions as the main goals of educations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Different approaches to culture and civilisation
Mohammad TorabiIt has been difficult to define concepts such as society, culture, civilization, nation, etc. from a long time ago and many works have been written about these two concepts. The intellectuals and theorists have been researching and analyzing different and different angl MoreIt has been difficult to define concepts such as society, culture, civilization, nation, etc. from a long time ago and many works have been written about these two concepts. The intellectuals and theorists have been researching and analyzing different and different angles from different angles, and they have come up with various interpretations. Different writers and scholars from each point of view have had their hands on it and they have had an interesting passage from it. In such a way Sometimes it is synonymous and sometimes two independent and independent concepts. This research focuses on the concept of culture and culture, and aims at identifying and defining different thoughts and beliefs. The main question is what kind of relationship or relationship between these two concepts exists. The research hypothesis emphasizes the separation and independence of these two, and considers this independence to be favorable to the developments of the world system. In this paper, we examine the relationship between these two concepts using the documentary and library method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The relationship between Justice, Spirituality, and Rationality in the Islamic-Iranian Model of Progress and Their Achievements
Seyed Kazem Seyed Bagheri Mahmood MokhtarbandThe purpose of the present study is to find the relationship between justice, spirituality, and rationality, as well as their achievements in the Islamic-Iranian model of progress. The method of study is descriptive analysis and emphasizes the hypothesis that effective MoreThe purpose of the present study is to find the relationship between justice, spirituality, and rationality, as well as their achievements in the Islamic-Iranian model of progress. The method of study is descriptive analysis and emphasizes the hypothesis that effective interrelationship between justice and spirituality, in the individual realm, transmits personal achievements to political-social realms paving the way for reaching the model of progress and then holy life. All the above procedures are accomplished through rationality, rational programming, and adherence to the legal rules of religion (Shariat). The presence of these elements in the model conveys a distinctive and multidimensional progress for improvement in Islamic society. Paying attention to the abovementioned aspects facilitates the citizens’ access to their rights, freedom, equal opportunity, economic progress, welfare, human dignity, social security and decency in the society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Development, Validation, and Standardization of the Rationality-Emotionality Test and Studying Its Relationship with Decision-Making in Maskan Bank Staff
khosro Rashid Fazlolah Hasanvand Maedeh Ataei Ahmad BayatThe aim of this research was to develop, validate, and standardize the Rationality-Emotionality Test and studying its relationship with decision-making ability in Maskan Bank staff. At first, a list of appropriate behaviors to measure the desired characteristics were pr MoreThe aim of this research was to develop, validate, and standardize the Rationality-Emotionality Test and studying its relationship with decision-making ability in Maskan Bank staff. At first, a list of appropriate behaviors to measure the desired characteristics were prepared. After confirming the content validity, in order to aware and inhibit the probable problems, 50 people completed the questionnaire and highlighted unclear phrases and words. Then, some of the items were deleted or modified and the final test was prepared. 1024 persons of Maskan Bank staff answered Rationality-Emotionality Test and Decision-Making Scale. The data analyzed by Lisrel software, and descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and exploratory factor analysis were calculated. The findings showed that the developed test measures four factors called: personal control, affective impression, patience, and neuroticism. By Cronbach's alpha, the reliability of the whole test was 0.86 and for personal control, affective impression, patience, and neuroticism was 0.78, 0.69, 0.65 and 0.63 respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the test were 67.002 and 12.63 respectively. According to the reliability and validity, it can be said that the Rationality-Emotionality Test is an appropriate tool for measuring the level of rationality or emotionality of individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Review and explanation the Role of Rationality in Educating and Upbringing from the Viewpoint of Qur'n
Hossainali jannsary sayyed hossain vaeziThe real religious education from Islam's perspective depends on having rational, scientific, political, and social education. The present research aiming at extracting and explaining rational upbringing's principles, sources, and conditions from Qura'n's viewpoint. The MoreThe real religious education from Islam's perspective depends on having rational, scientific, political, and social education. The present research aiming at extracting and explaining rational upbringing's principles, sources, and conditions from Qura'n's viewpoint. The topic was analysed qualitatively of descriptive- inferential method. Findings of the research have shown that reflecrion or thinking is one of the human's essential features means using thoughts and wisdom to infer the useful, certain, and believable affairs. From the perspective of Qura'n, every thing is kind of devine sign. Just those people who benefit form rationality can understand the real symbolic meaning. Holy Qura'n invites people to think and believe that people's faith and belief is made accordingly. In order to face complex personal and social issues, upbringing such people, who are able to rely on the power of their will and rationality and can think logically and creatively in order to produce knowledge in wiasdom age, is needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Study of Rational and Intuitive Spiritual Journey by Sohrevardi
Hossein Hatamvand Hossein Falsafi Ali FathullahiIn this paper the rational and intuitive spiritual journey by Sohrevardi and Habermas' philosophical theories, especially focused on the system of values and ethics, instrumental rationality and communicative rationality are evaluated with his thoughts. The purpose of t MoreIn this paper the rational and intuitive spiritual journey by Sohrevardi and Habermas' philosophical theories, especially focused on the system of values and ethics, instrumental rationality and communicative rationality are evaluated with his thoughts. The purpose of this paper has been to demonstrate that Sohrevardi was not ignorant even in his own intuitive journey, and to achieve the true reality of human felicity and the necessary intuitive knowledge, he deems wisdom and intuition are supplementary to one another. Accordingly, Sohrevardi somehow founded the school of thought called "Integration School" that is a blend of wisdom, quotation, and intuition. There are similarities between Sohrevardi's theories and thoughts with Habermas in terms of system of values and instrumental rationality and communication which this paper has studied and analyzed them here. Habermas and Sohrevardi both believe that one can achieve beyond rationality realities upon the expansion of rational perceptions. Sohrevardi is of a believe that mystical discoveries are also comprehensible through rationality. Habermas on the other hand believes that one can achieve valuable truths through rationality but through communication and mutual understanding. In Sheikh Eshraq's opinion, rationality is supplement of intuition and vice versa; nevertheless, Habermas' notion is that rationality is after proving it. The rationality that Sohrevardi tries to develop is the philosophical rationality to achieve truth and felicity of human beings through the growth and development of intuition Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Developing the Stock Pricing Model based on Bounded Rationality Theory
Mohammad Noroozi Daruosh Foroghi farzad Karimi -
Open Access Article
32 - Hyper-Rational Choice and Economic Behaviour
Majid Eshaghi Gordji Gholamreza Askari -
Open Access Article
33 - "A comparative study of the concept of rationality in the thoughts of Max Weber and Shahid Motahari and its political consequences"
seyed amin تقوی فر Hamed Ameri Golestani Shiva Jalal Por Hamed MohagheghniaThe stable core of the thoughts of Max Weber and Shahid Motahari is rationality. Rationality in Weber's thoughts has built something based on Kantian subjectivism by passing Parsonsian reading. It means that man should not make the reality in accordance with the reality MoreThe stable core of the thoughts of Max Weber and Shahid Motahari is rationality. Rationality in Weber's thoughts has built something based on Kantian subjectivism by passing Parsonsian reading. It means that man should not make the reality in accordance with the reality, but should falsify and validate it; Because there is no previous cultural phenomenon in the fields of thought and ethics; Also, rationality in the thoughts of Martyr Motahari includes broad aspects such as being a revelation and a follower of the Sharia, which uses various tools such as experience, revelation, narration, and reason, and from where it has been able to provide comprehensiveness to the various social dimensions of the revolution. It is the ideology of the Islamic revolution. In this article, the qualitative research method is used and the data analysis method is descriptive. The result obtained is that rationality in Weber's thoughts can be understood and analyzed based on credit perceptions and not real perceptions in the intellectual system of Shahid Motahari. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Emotion, Will and Rationality of Religious Belief (An Interpretation of William James' Criyique of Clifford's "Ethics of Belief")
zahra RamezanluThe question of religious belief and its rationality has become a serious issue in the philosophy of religion due to the claims of modern philosophers. One of the most controversial positions in this regard is evidentialism, which emphasizes that our beliefs should be a MoreThe question of religious belief and its rationality has become a serious issue in the philosophy of religion due to the claims of modern philosophers. One of the most controversial positions in this regard is evidentialism, which emphasizes that our beliefs should be accompanied by evidence and reasons. In modern times, Clifford, by introducing the idea of "the ethics of belief," advocated evidentialism in its most extreme form. William James, by emphasizing the role of will and emotions in the formation of belief, criticizes Clifford's theory and tries to defend the rationality of religious belief. This paper attempts to answer the question of how James, based on the same evidentialist principles of the evidentialists, criticizes Clifford. It also examines whether his view can respond to the criticisms raised. The aim is to analyze and evaluate James's approach to evidentialism from a non-fideistic perspective using a library-based research method. Considering James's views, especially in his essay "The Will to Believe," it can be concluded that his position in defending the rationality of religious belief against evidentialism is relatively coherent. According to William James, Clifford's evidentialist position is, contrary to its claim, irrational and dogmatic, and desire and will logically play a necessary role in truth-seeking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Identity and rationalism in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran (with emphasis on Hassan Rouhani's presidency)
Hossein Karimifardhe purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between identity and rationality in formulating and implementing the foreign policy of Rouhani’s state based on a combination of different theoretical approaches to international relations. The experience o Morehe purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between identity and rationality in formulating and implementing the foreign policy of Rouhani’s state based on a combination of different theoretical approaches to international relations. The experience of foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran indicates that the main sources and components that shape the identity of elite’s rationality are the basic and decisive elements in defining the national interest and orientation of foreign policy. Foreign policy is pragmatic, modernism with a focus on economic development, statehood and emphasis on the role of the nation-state in foreign policy, de-escalation with the United States. The main question that this article seeks to answer is: What effect have the identity components of the elites and the element of rationality played on the foreign policy of Rouhani's state? The hypothesis of this research, which tries to be proved by analytical and explanatory method, is: The dialectical relationship and the influence of the national identity elements of the elites of the Rouhani's state and the element of rationality have played an important role in defining the national interest and the orientation of Iran’s foreign policy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Interpretation of Human Life and Criticism of Modern Reason from the Perspective of Immanuel Kant and Iqbal Lahori
Mohammad Nasiri Garineh Keshishyan Siraki Seyed Ali Mortazavian FarsaniKant is one of the most important philosophers of the West who, by expressing the limitations of rational thinking while showing reason in a disciplined way, challenges the fundamentalism that had dominated Western philosophical thinking for some time. He believes that MoreKant is one of the most important philosophers of the West who, by expressing the limitations of rational thinking while showing reason in a disciplined way, challenges the fundamentalism that had dominated Western philosophical thinking for some time. He believes that reason is incapable of interfering in all fields. In Kant's philosophy, reason is the highest power of the soul and rational knowledge is the highest level of knowledge. So, the most basic human characteristic is rationality or wisdom, which is the basis of his innate generosity and honor. But Iqbal considers intelligence to be a divine blessing and intends to interpret the world and find out the meaning of life based on a coherent religious thought system consisting of three sources of knowledge, i.e., nature, history and experience. In this article, an attempt was made to determine the commonalities and differences of their thoughts about the interpretation of human life by examining the meaning network of each thinker. The findings indicate that by separating the practical reason from the theoretical reason in the first step, Kant evaluates it as capable of distinguishing morality and action from morality, and it gives mankind the possibility to establish a universal and valid morality. slow and prevents morality from becoming a relative thing, and so that reason does not make mistakes in recognizing morality, it introduces criteria based on which it is possible to distinguish moral behavior from immoral behavior. On the other hand, the most important feature of Iqbal's thought is his critical and tradition-breaking side. He does not consider the human intellect alone to be able to understand the nature of existence, and he considers the need for human connection with life to interpret the world, and the highest level of awareness and thinking of philosophers comes from their ultimate instincts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - A Comparative Analysis of Sa’di and Alexander Pope’s Views on “Man’s Rationality” and “Body-Soul Dualism”
Shadi Mohyeddin Ghomshei Jalal SokhanvarThe present paper offers a comparative analysis of the ideas of “man’s rationality” and “body-soul dualism” from the perspectives of Sa’di, the great Persian classical poet of the 13th century and Alexander Pope, the outstanding Engli MoreThe present paper offers a comparative analysis of the ideas of “man’s rationality” and “body-soul dualism” from the perspectives of Sa’di, the great Persian classical poet of the 13th century and Alexander Pope, the outstanding English writer and poet of the eighteenth century, based on the American school of comparative literature. The works of the two poets manifest their deep preoccupation with the question of ‘human nature’ and demonstrate that their ideas have emanated from two important sources: The Holy Scriptures and the traditions of classical philosophy. The significance of this study is twofold: it displays the approach of the two poets from two different cultures to the eminent subject of human nature and it further highlights the common grounds between the fields of literature, religion, and philosophy in Persian and English literature. The paper illustrates that although Sa’di and Pope come from two different religious and philosophical backgrounds, they are similar in their fundamental reflections and principle ideas on human nature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Analysis and Assessment of Communicative Action Indicators and Variables; a Case of Tehran city, Iran
Maryam Rezapour Seyed Hossein Bahrainy Manouchehr Tabibian -
Open Access Article
39 - From Rationalism Toward Humanity: Review of Notions Evolution in Urban Planning
Mostafa Akbari Motlaq -
Open Access Article
40 - Rationality and modernism in the thought and works of Mohammad Ali Foroughi
Mohamad Ali nobakht maghsood ranjbar Ali mohseniThe inefficiency and backwardness of the structure of the political system ruling Iran during the Qajar period did not bring any achievements for the Iranian nation except poverty, disease and humiliation. Hence, the elites tried to create a change in the paradigm of th MoreThe inefficiency and backwardness of the structure of the political system ruling Iran during the Qajar period did not bring any achievements for the Iranian nation except poverty, disease and humiliation. Hence, the elites tried to create a change in the paradigm of thought that governs the traditional Iranian system and an important change in the Iranian intellectual space by combining rationality and modernism. The aim of the present study is to measure the relationship between rationality and modernism in the works and ideas of Mohammad Ali Foroughi "Zaka-ol-Molk". Foroughi with deep thinking and avoidance of extremist tendencies and study of new philosophical and political ideas of the West, which was unprecedented among the political elites until his time; He had a deep and measured understanding of the political body of Iran. With a realistic vision and focusing his power on political enlightenment and translation, he wrote classical texts of Western culture, lecturing and writing articles; Introduced modern philosophical, economic and political ideas to Iranians. The main research question is that; To what extent has rationality and modernism influenced the thought and works of Mohammad Ali Foroughi? And the hypothesis of the present article is that Mohammad Ali Foroughi had a better understanding of rationality and modernism than the modernist elites of his time and his effort was to create a coherent and measured writings in intellectual development, intellectual maturity and the creation of modern institutions theoretical and practical role Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Analytical study of civic ethics in modern world (With an emphasis on critical and postmodern sociologists’ ideas).
Samad Sabagh Firouz Rad Mitra RahnamayanThis article is an analytical study of civic ethics in the modern world with an emphasis on Frankfort school and postmodern sociologists’ ideas. In order to achieve the vision of these thinkers, some works of them were referenced as: Adorno, Horkheimer, Markus, Ha MoreThis article is an analytical study of civic ethics in the modern world with an emphasis on Frankfort school and postmodern sociologists’ ideas. In order to achieve the vision of these thinkers, some works of them were referenced as: Adorno, Horkheimer, Markus, Habermas, Baudrillard, Leotard, and Derrida. This qualitative research which is based on an interpretive-comprehensive approach studies these ideas interpretatively and critically.The results show that, there are similarities and differences in the sociologists’ ideas. Based on the consensus of scholars, it is possible to trace the general picture of the state of civic ethics in modern world. This picture implies the existence of problems and crises in human social life in modern societies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The appearance of the modern family in Iran Relying on the social changes of the Qajar and Pahlavi periods
Semiramis Shahesmaili nezhad khorasani taghi azadarmakiIn this paper, in order to understand the process of the development of the family institution in contemporary Iran, a descriptive-analytical study of the trend of modernization and social changes in the last century in Iran with rationalization, division of social labo MoreIn this paper, in order to understand the process of the development of the family institution in contemporary Iran, a descriptive-analytical study of the trend of modernization and social changes in the last century in Iran with rationalization, division of social labor and disembody has been addressed. The research is based on qualitative research, with the use of historical and documentary methods. Since the research problem is question the discovery of the causation of the development of the family. Up-to-down form of modernizing, has led to the formation of a family institution in a special way; rationalization of society, division of labor and the assignment of family functions to new institutions as well as migration and sedition have been effective factors in shaping the new form of family. These historical trends have made the transformation of the extended family to the nuclear one, in the context of modernization, in a way that it can be called the "dependent family", because the migration from the kinship network leads to maintain family ties and family support and to prevent the formation of a nuclear family independently. A modern woman emanates from such a background and employs social life, while still affiliated with the social context, a dependent individual from the modern social system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Modernity as a Media for Exchange of Thoughts
Ghodrat Ahmadian Mokhtar NooriAccording to Gaston Bachelard (science philosopher) modernity with its epistemological detachment form that of medieval era developed a new world view for human kind. With this in mind, in this article it is tried to investigate the modernity paradigm based on a few fun MoreAccording to Gaston Bachelard (science philosopher) modernity with its epistemological detachment form that of medieval era developed a new world view for human kind. With this in mind, in this article it is tried to investigate the modernity paradigm based on a few fundamental development including renaissance, Protestantism, intellectual revolution, French and industrial revolution. With these developments, modernity paradigm had promised to set up a new way of life for humanity which would guarantee welfare and happiness for all. However, in spite of its achievements some social scientists have criticized modernity paradigm for failure to fulfill fully its pronounced desired ends. Thus, two main objectives in this article are: investigation of thoughts on modernity paradigm from classic to post modern critics; 2) inquiry into the thought of those scholars believing in transition for modernity and those holding the view of persistent modernity. In the second part of this paper the perspective of two groups of scientists such as post- modernists and revisionists such as Habermas, Gidens and Jimson will be the subject of argument. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Designing and explaining the behavioral model based on divine rationality and emotion, considering the mediating role of organizational justice (research case: Shiraz Electricity Distribution Company)
saeed khajehfard Yaser Salary Senjar Salajegheh Mahdi Mohammad BagheriEmployees' behavior varies according to the rationality and feelings of individuals and varies with the degree of organizational justice. The purpose of this study is to design and explain a behavioral model based on divine rationality and emotion by considering the med MoreEmployees' behavior varies according to the rationality and feelings of individuals and varies with the degree of organizational justice. The purpose of this study is to design and explain a behavioral model based on divine rationality and emotion by considering the mediating role of organizational justice in Shiraz Electricity Distribution Company. The research method is developmental-applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in terms of nature and method. The strategy of this research is qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative stage, the method of cyclic analysis process was used. The statistical population of the study includes 1477 employees of Shiraz Electricity Distribution Company from which a sample of 313 people was randomly selected. In designing and approving the model, the opinion of 14 experts aware of the issue was used and the content validity of the data collection tool was confirmed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-23 and PLS-3 software and structural equation modeling. The results of the findings showed that factors related to behavior have a significant effect on behaviors based on divine rationality and feelings with the mediating role of organizational justice. Also, based on the findings, the effect of divine rationality and emotion on superior, pleasant, unpleasant, and inferior behaviors among employees was confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - The American withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) and the need to re -read its provisions: (The limits of the two sides in a nuclear agreement with the implementation of the theory of bounded rationality)
ali akbar yari alqar ahmad bakhsi somaye hamidiAfter a nuclear deal, that so called as jcpoa, two paradigm (like& dislike) emerged in the public opinion. With U.S withdrawal from this international and formal agreement, second paradigm was developed. The question of this article is: with the withdrawal of the U. MoreAfter a nuclear deal, that so called as jcpoa, two paradigm (like& dislike) emerged in the public opinion. With U.S withdrawal from this international and formal agreement, second paradigm was developed. The question of this article is: with the withdrawal of the U.S from JCPOA, Iran what to do and what s the basis for a step - by – step Irans Duty Reduction of this Agreement? What did the other partners face when they signed the agreement that had many critics on both sides? Two results of the research are: at first Iran and 5+1 faced with many limites when they sigend this document.they do this act based on Herbert Alexander Simon bounded rationality Theory despite their wishes and disagreement of some part of their people. Second, with U.S withdrawal, if the Islamic Republic of Iran considers the reduction of obligation to deal, oppose to its national interests, according to the trigger mechanism, the legal and political capability is to reduce the obligations or return to the conditions of pre deal. This research based on analytical & descriptive method. With the emphasis on documentary decision analysis on the theories of Herbert Simon and Jack Snyder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - The concept of modernity and neoclassic approach in Parivin Etesami's Divan
maryam MosharrafParvin Etesami is one of the pioneers of modernity poetry in Iran. The rational foundations of her poetry should be considered as a response to the needs of enlightening era in constitutional period. Realism and relying on the wisdom, will, and responsibility of human f MoreParvin Etesami is one of the pioneers of modernity poetry in Iran. The rational foundations of her poetry should be considered as a response to the needs of enlightening era in constitutional period. Realism and relying on the wisdom, will, and responsibility of human for her/his destiny constitutes her social outlook. Avoiding of delusion and emphasizing on work and effort in her poetry is a lookout which are coordinated well with the demands of modernity era. With regard to language and style, following clearness, balance, using formal language, realism and meaning analysis especially within the framework of debate and allegory are branches of her neoclassic poetry. Therefore, all these factors have contributed for critics to place her within the modern poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - بحران سوریه: تجزیه و تحلیل راهبردهای سیاسی و امنیتی کنشگران درگیر
احسان تقی زاده سالاریدر یکی از خونبارترین تحولات خاورمیانه، از سال 2011 بحرانی سخت سوریه و منطقه را درگیر خود نموده است. در این میان هر کدام از بازیگران منطقهای و یا قدرتهای فرامنطقهای به فراخور وزن و جایگاه و همچنین به تناسب منافع و ملاحظات خود در این بحران مداخله، نقشآفرینی و یا حداق Moreدر یکی از خونبارترین تحولات خاورمیانه، از سال 2011 بحرانی سخت سوریه و منطقه را درگیر خود نموده است. در این میان هر کدام از بازیگران منطقهای و یا قدرتهای فرامنطقهای به فراخور وزن و جایگاه و همچنین به تناسب منافع و ملاحظات خود در این بحران مداخله، نقشآفرینی و یا حداقل اعلام موضع نمودهاند. این مقاله درصدد است تا با بررسی راهبرد سیاسی امنیتی کنشگران منطقه ای و فرامنطقه ای در قبال بحران سوریه دلایل و عوامل موثر بر این سیاستها را شناسایی نموده و راهبردها و تاکتیکهای اتخاذ شده توسط این بازیگران را مطالعه نماید. برای بررسی این موضوع سه نظریه سازه انگاری، مکتب کپنهاگ و رئالیسم تدافعی به عنوان چارچوب نظری مورد توجه قرار گرفته و برای آزمون فرضیه از روش تبیینی- تحلیلی بهره برده و با استفاده از ابزار فیش برداری، اسناد و منابع کتابخانهای و اینترنتی و مکتوبات موجود این فرضیه به اثبات رسیده که با توجه به وجود سه نوع از منافع اعم از موازی، متقابل و متداخل، الگوی رفتاری بازیگران دخیل در بحران سوریه، نشان دهنده سه سطح همکاری، رقابت و تقابل در صحنه سیاسی و میدانی سوریه است و هر یک از طرفهای درگیر می کوشند تا با فزون سازی قدرت و نفوذ خود ضمن حفظ و ارتقاء منافع ملی خود و کنترل و تحدید نفوذ و حضور طرف مقابل، دست برتر را داشته باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Rationality in Fundamentalist and Anti-Fundamentalist Phi-losophy
Mohammad Kamalizadeh Mir Ghasem Seyedinzadeh Hassan Sadeghian Komar-e Olya -
Open Access Article
49 - Syrian Crisis: An Analysis of Political and Security Strategies of Involved Actors
Ehsan Taghizadeh Salari Mehdi Zakerian Amiri Davood Hermidas Bavand Kayhan Barzegar -
Open Access Article
50 - The principle of justice as a legal jurisprudence principles of the family
Zakiyeh Mohammadi Fahimeh Malekzadeh younes vahed yarijanSpecific characterstics of family institution required it to have a certain legal system .It's neccessary for an efficient system in a field of law to have rational foundations. on the other hand resistance against external objections for developing rational changes in MoreSpecific characterstics of family institution required it to have a certain legal system .It's neccessary for an efficient system in a field of law to have rational foundations. on the other hand resistance against external objections for developing rational changes in legal system needs principels which prevent from such a distortion . Such a function for principels of jurisprudence principels requires that they be defined as general propositions which are considered in all fields of jurisprudence and law and are considered as adjudicate( Ifta) and legislation .. Considering their generality or comperhensiveness , they can be categorized in three level. The first level of the principels is justic that should be xalled Asl al-Osul . The second level are other general principels such as freedom or proportionality of formation and legislation .The third level is principles such as the man's integrity or the financial independence of the couple each of which is a branch of their previous levels.The infere must move in the course of his inference in a way that does not violate these principles. However there may appear conflicts between principles which should be resolved based on the expediency of these conflicts.The ruling principles of the family jurisprudence system are inferred and extracted and applied through narrative and intellectual sourceskey words: Principle, jurisprudence-legal principle, family, family jurisprudence system, justice, rationality Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The unconscious from surrealistic and mystical points of view
رحمان مشتاق مهر ویدا دستمالچیM) The unconscious is a means of understanding truths as it is in direct contact with the human nature; but the human reason and rationality is an obstacle to reaching the truth through unconscious. In some areas of human life, like sleep and dream, the unconsc MoreM) The unconscious is a means of understanding truths as it is in direct contact with the human nature; but the human reason and rationality is an obstacle to reaching the truth through unconscious. In some areas of human life, like sleep and dream, the unconscious manifests itself in a much better way than reason. Surrealists, like mystics, use the unconscious and believe that it is a means for discovering the truths. In spite of the differences, comparing surrealism and mysticism and showing how the surrealists and mystics regard the unconscious and use its possibilities for the knowing of the world is revealing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - The place of rationality in microeconomic theories from a criminological perspective
abbas karimnejad mahdi esmaeili hassan haji tabar firozjaeiBackground and Aim: Although rational choice theorists have acknowledged that criminals do not always perform best in assessing the situation to commit a crime, their ideas, especially when it comes to preventing crime, are based on the premise that Criminals make ratio MoreBackground and Aim: Although rational choice theorists have acknowledged that criminals do not always perform best in assessing the situation to commit a crime, their ideas, especially when it comes to preventing crime, are based on the premise that Criminals make rational decisions. The aim of the present study is to study the foundations of the position of rationality from various aspects such as "philosophical" and "positivist" in microeconomic theories from a criminological perspective by referring to the roots and backgrounds of the theory of rational choice.Methodology: The method of conducting research according to the nature of the subject, objectives and method of data collection is library and descriptive-analytical.Findings and Results: Rationality is considered as a basic premise in studying the behavior of economic agents in a conventional economy. This rationality or the science of rational choice (Hodgson 1998), formed from the foundations of Western anthropology after the Renaissance, has different meanings. In classical economics, rationality is used as a tool to maximize utility and profit, which is derived from the philosophical ideas of scientists such as Bentham. Adherents of the theory of rational choice in criminology believe that there are many potential criminals in society and say that there are special circumstances that make the perpetrator decide to commit a crime and believe that by identifying these conditions and opportunities and reducing them, The power of theft and crime in general has become irrational for these people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Assessing Criterions of Religious Beliefs Rationality in Comprehensive Approach
Ghodratallah GhorbaniAssessing of theoretical and practical rationality of religious beliefs system is of the most significant duties and functions of philosophy of religion which is led to common rational understanding of religions. In this case, in this paper, is selected comprehensive ap MoreAssessing of theoretical and practical rationality of religious beliefs system is of the most significant duties and functions of philosophy of religion which is led to common rational understanding of religions. In this case, in this paper, is selected comprehensive approach in which inductively is used different criterions for evaluating the rationality of religious beliefs. Some of these criterions are included of possibility to argue them based on logical proofs, universality and being global, stability and changeability, internal coherency, simplicity and complexity, having suitable practical results, independent of religious texts authority, being under influences of epistemic and social factors and so on that have their own magnificence. Using these criterions in our comprehensive approach indicates that the totality of religious beliefs system have different levels of theoretical and practical rationality. Based on this fact, we can divide religious beliefs system into three groups, including fundamental, intermediate and marginal beliefs, that in this division, fundamental beliefs have the highest levels of rationality, marginal beliefs have the lowest levels of rationality, and intermediate beliefs are places between them. Now by considering the central place of fundamental beliefs, and then intermediate ones in second place is recommended to focus mostly on fundamental ones regarding interfaith dialogues and extending coexistence and peace between followers of divine religions and Islamic denominations, since most of divine religions believers and theists have common understanding concerning them. Regarding interfaith dialogue among Islamic denominations, of course, it should be extend believers common understanding of intermediate beliefs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - The Optimum Aim for Science in John Watkins's Philosophy of Science
Naser Afzalifar Ali HaghiThe pride of the scientific community from the earliest times, has repeatedly been mentioned about their research and their results because of their rationality. But why does the scientific community insist on claiming the rationality of its research? Does this insist o MoreThe pride of the scientific community from the earliest times, has repeatedly been mentioned about their research and their results because of their rationality. But why does the scientific community insist on claiming the rationality of its research? Does this insist on their research method? Or is there any significant advancement in science and technology and the problems of humanity and its justification?Scientific rationality is constructed from a set of conditions, claims, methods, and research purposes of the scientific community, which explains the nature and structure of scientific advances; as Newton-Smith states: "Each scientific rational model must at least two things Logically and substantiated; one is the goal of science and the other is the set of principles that we need to evaluate competing theories (Newton-Smith, 1981: 4)In this paper, we aim to provide an emphasis on scientific rationality by evaluating the science of science in John Watkins's philosophy of science, and providing an equitable basis for scientific excellence and providing the necessary conditions for achieving the optimal aim of science and the methods of selecting competing theories in John Watkins's philosophy of science Evaluated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The Problem of Objectivity: Kant v. Wittgenstein From Subjectivity to Intersubjectivity
MohammadReza EsmkhaniIn this paper, having described the problem of objectivity, I’ll try to reconstruct the solutions of two important philosophers, Kant and Wittgenstein, and then I’ll attempt to deal with the different consequences of these two divergent attitudes regarding s MoreIn this paper, having described the problem of objectivity, I’ll try to reconstruct the solutions of two important philosophers, Kant and Wittgenstein, and then I’ll attempt to deal with the different consequences of these two divergent attitudes regarding some of our most significant epistemic-semantic concepts. The problem of Objectivity concerns with the question that, what is the source of the ‘objective validity’ or ‘objective reference’ of our representations (mental or linguistic), and what makes them something totally different from some ‘arbitrary impressions’ and ‘mere appearances’? Kant’s response to this question is to rely on the transcendental structure of human mind, particularly the pure categories of the understanding, and Wittgenstein’s response is to advert to the normative structure of social institution or practice; i.e. they try to explain the objectivity of our representations in terms of, respectively, the subjectivity and the intersubjectivity. And in the final part, I’ll try to show that these two different attitudes to the problem of objectivity, give rise to totally different pictures of some of our most important epistemic-semantic concepts: truth, concept-application, conceptual scheme, rationality, and the appropriate form of the field of philosophy of science. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Explaining Religious Rationality and Criticism of Secular Rationality with Emphasis on Sadra
hasan yaghobi Davood KhoshbavarAbstractThe discussion of rationality is one of the most complex and important issues of epistemology. According to the analytical-logical study in the field of religion and secularism and the difference between rationality in these two areas which is the purpose of thi MoreAbstractThe discussion of rationality is one of the most complex and important issues of epistemology. According to the analytical-logical study in the field of religion and secularism and the difference between rationality in these two areas which is the purpose of this article, we will conclude that rationality in secularism is a tool rationality which is practiced in nature, spirituality and intellectual rationality. It reflects in everyday life a purely pragmatic and arbitrary view, and secularism has shaped and politicized its social world with instrumental rationality and influence in all aspects of Western social life. But in religious thought, rationality with a healthy nature requires spirituality, a controller, a moderator, and a modifier of political power; and with emphasis on religious scientific principles and rules for rationalizing certain principles such as reason, faith, sanctity, wisdom, hypocrisy, The purification of morality from the law is neededKeywords: Religious Rationality, Secularism, Humanism, Ethics, Wisdom, Hierarchy, Fitra, Spirituality, Reasoning, God-Worship, Sadrism Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Critics of the epistemology of future studies, emphasizing on the rationality of the strategic foresight
Moslem Shirvani Naghani Mohammad Rahim EivaziRapid changing, the enhance of uncertainty and the complicated environmental conditions in the present century led to avoiding taken-for-granted linear change in planning and decision-making in various parameters and tending to use futures studies in different levels an MoreRapid changing, the enhance of uncertainty and the complicated environmental conditions in the present century led to avoiding taken-for-granted linear change in planning and decision-making in various parameters and tending to use futures studies in different levels and areas instead. However, studies related to the future were always faced the cognitive challenges. In this study, the theory of Wendell Bell in cognitive futures studies, as one of the most famous theories in the area, was critically investigated. Then, the rationality of strategic foresight as a pragmatic approach to the future studies was analyzed. IN other words, the rationality of proposition that extracted from the future study by strategic foresight approach was investigated. Besides recognizing the most influential weaknesses of his theory, the findings of the research revealed that “the problem-solving”, “accuracy in predicting”, “balance between issues”, “simplicity”, “expansion”, and “compatibility” along with “being value-oriented” are criteria which introduce strategic foresight as a rational and wise approach which can significantly help long-term studies related to the future. Hence, to develop and apply the strategic foresight, the suggestions are provided for the academic researchers, industrial, and administered authorities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Pragmatics of Skocpol theory of historical sociology on the effects of Imam Reza's presence in Iran
Behrad Asadi masomeh garadagi Jafar Aghazadeh Manijeh SadriThis study was conducted with the aim of explaining the political, social and cultural effects of the presence of Imam Reza in Iran. Displacement of Imam Reza to Iran and his enlightened and innovative religious presence, despite the terrible and closed environment MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of explaining the political, social and cultural effects of the presence of Imam Reza in Iran. Displacement of Imam Reza to Iran and his enlightened and innovative religious presence, despite the terrible and closed environment of the Ma'mun era, led to the growth and expansion of the fields of religious modernity and Weber's rationality in the scientific debates of Mutazilites and Asharites. The expansion of the intellectual space created in the light of Skocpoltheory of historical sociology, based on meaningful and purposeful actions and constructive contexts, is the fundamental question of this research. This study aims to explain the effects of Imam Reza's presence in Iran with a qualitative method of historical sociology. The data collection technique of this research is documentary and library. In this study, with the approach of the historical methodology, it is understood that the effects of Imam Reza's soft-spoken thoughts in the face of questioners, opponents and opponents have led to the exit from ossification in society and it has led to the emergence of significant social actions in Skocpol's. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Sociological study of young people's approach to cohabitation and emerging coexistences (Case study: Tehran city)
Nahid Hosseini seyed Mohamad seyed mirzaei bagher saokhaniEmerging cohabitation or cohabitation is a way of life without marriage and formal marriage, and in recent years in Iran and scattered research has been done about it. The aim of this study was to investigate the semantic approach of young people towards companionship a MoreEmerging cohabitation or cohabitation is a way of life without marriage and formal marriage, and in recent years in Iran and scattered research has been done about it. The aim of this study was to investigate the semantic approach of young people towards companionship and is done with a qualitative method of thematic analysis. Data collection tools are semi-structured interviews with individuals and focus groups. The analysis of textual data was performed by the technique of coding qualitative methods and the validity of the research was examined in accordance with the agreement of the coders and based on the Berlakat research procedure. The two main approaches, positive and negative, are the result of this analysis, both of which are based on a kind of Weberian rationality. In other words, people with a negative approach to this phenomenon due to religious, cultural, legal, normative and ultimately irrational contradictions, based on value-oriented rationality, choose the rejection and action of values. The second group, however, considers it a rational choice for reasons such as role-playing and avoiding the problems of marriage and possibly the bitter experience of divorce. It is the culmination of a formal and gender-oriented rationality. But the strategy of this intelligent group and action depends on the cultural reproduction of the phenomenon and its culture in society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - The Democratic Facets of the Ideal Political System in the Political Theory of Immanuel Kant and Jürgen Habermas
hosseinali nozari ali imaniAbstract: The concept of ideal political system and the identifying a political system with proper functions is a issue which has a long history in the philosophy of politics, its long history and its origin in political theory, at least in Plato's statements, in parti MoreAbstract: The concept of ideal political system and the identifying a political system with proper functions is a issue which has a long history in the philosophy of politics, its long history and its origin in political theory, at least in Plato's statements, in particular the treatise of the Republic and the treatise of Aristotle's Politics And his famous classification of political systems is evident. Two thinkers who have focused on the theory have been Immanuel Kant and Jürgen Habermas. Kant's ideal government is based on the law and the will of people . Its laws are based on the concept of the right and considering on the prior principles of reason such as freedom, equality and independence . In addition, it is governed by a representative system and separation of powers and calls it the republic . In the present day, the German philosopher and theorist Jürgen Habermas, despite the loyalty to the concept of liberal democracy, tried to find a solution to the failure of this type of democracy to achieve its goals by rebuilding it in its unique way. So he introduces a kind of democracy called deliberative democracy, In this type of democracy, communicative action and rational reasoning and the rule of communicative rationality are decisive elements. The present research seeks to explain the views of these two thinkers on ideal political system of the society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - The effect of psychological development on the quality of public policy
meysam esmaeelzadeh Ali AshrafNazarian reza rostami seyed mostafa abtahiThis article deals with the place of psychological development in Iran's public policy. The necessity of this issue is because the explanation of a series of psychological factors will determine the reasons for the realization of development policy. The purpose is to ex MoreThis article deals with the place of psychological development in Iran's public policy. The necessity of this issue is because the explanation of a series of psychological factors will determine the reasons for the realization of development policy. The purpose is to explain the indicators of psychological development and in the general policy of development. In the importance of the present discussion, it should be said that value, belief, norm, behavior and rationality play a fundamental role in examining the results of the public policy process in Iran. The question here is what is the place of psychological development in public policy making? The hypothesis states that psychological development by institutionalizing indicators such as value, belief, norm, behavior and rationality in Iran can lead to sustainable development of the country. The theoretical framework, inspired by the theories of psychological renewal, seeks to consolidate the proof of the hypothesis. Therefore, with the help of descriptive and analytical method, the desired indicators have been explained. The results showed that the development of psychological indicators and good governance lead to the realization of general development policies in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Studying Professor Motahari's point of view regarding reason and faith, with a view on the theory of nature
mohsen hakemi Enshaallah RahmatiThe study of the relationship between reason and faith has always been desired by thinkers of different religions, and the type of reading about the relationship between reason and faith has led to the emergence of different intellectual worlds among the followers of mo MoreThe study of the relationship between reason and faith has always been desired by thinkers of different religions, and the type of reading about the relationship between reason and faith has led to the emergence of different intellectual worlds among the followers of monotheistic religions. In the monotheistic religion of Islam, different thinkers have addressed this important issue and it has extended from faithism to rationalism in the form of Ash'ari, Mu'tazila, Ahl al-Hadith, Akhbarites and Shi'ite systems of thought, and the mystical and philosophical reading and stratum of the ratio of reason and faith.Morteza Motahari as a stylish thinker in the Islamic world, emerging from the Islamic system of thought, although he did not deal with this issue independently, but his focus on defining and dividing and expressing the truth of faith and reason; and the application of these two valleys in the nature of religion; It can be a guide for researchers to explain the relationship between reason and faith.In Motahari's thought, the proof of the ability of reason to discover reality is derived from religious texts through reference to religious texts. He believes that not only faith is not an obstacle to reason, but reason dependent on religious faith helps a lot in understanding beliefs. Motahari is on the side of reason in the conflict between faith and reason. Also, according to Motahari's epistemological system in expressing the theory of nature, by proving and defending this theory, he considers faith as rational and reason as faith. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Moulana’s message to the world today and to the contemporary man
hosain gharibThe key difference between the world today and the past era could be sought in the quality of rationality and type of rationalism. Modern rationality with its potentials and capabilities has certain drawbacks which require extensive reconsiderations. Since Moulana MoreThe key difference between the world today and the past era could be sought in the quality of rationality and type of rationalism. Modern rationality with its potentials and capabilities has certain drawbacks which require extensive reconsiderations. Since Moulana has profound innovative and critical perspective about rationality, in this article inspired by his grand thoughts, debates over rationalism are attended to in order to clarify the shortcomings of this modern approach in the present world. The article seeks answers to two fundamental questions: What are the efficient ways of acquiring knowledge? What would be the likely outcome of such efficient rationalizations? In response to the first question, the main criteria for yielding the highest expected utility of the faculty of intellect such as learning and the interrelationship of reason and heart are each attended to and analyzed from different aspects. The answer to the second question involves finding the origin of the close association of knowledge and rationality with ability and strength. The latter are the main outcome of employing reason efficiently. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024