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Open Access Article
1 - Using Ghezeljeh Nanoclay for Measuring of Copper Ions Released from the Cooking Pot into Food Samples by FAAS and ICP-AES
Majid Soleimani Zahra Hassanzadeh Siahpoosh -
Open Access Article
2 - The effect of magnetic lineaments on the Ghezel Ozan River
Vahid Hosseinitoudeshki Mohammad Hossein Noori Gheidari Naser EbadatiThe Ghezel Ozan River, the longest river system in the country, has responded to tectonic deformation thoroughly. In this paper the role of lineaments in making of active deformations via detection and characterization of geomorphic anomalies in the Ghezel Ozan River an MoreThe Ghezel Ozan River, the longest river system in the country, has responded to tectonic deformation thoroughly. In this paper the role of lineaments in making of active deformations via detection and characterization of geomorphic anomalies in the Ghezel Ozan River and correlation with magnetic lineaments is specified. In this study, the first fluvial anomalies have been identified on the satellite images and approved through DEM and field observations. Then these anomalies have been correlated with magnetic lineaments extracted from aeromagnetic maps and so the sub-surface active folds and faults have been recognized. Most ofthemagnetic lineaments in the Ghezel Ozan River basin have caused the geomorphic anomalies in the length of the river. The lineaments with trend of NW - SE have created various anomalies such as variations of channel pattern of the river, deflection of the river course and knick points in longitudinal profile of the river. The lineaments with trend of NE - SW have only straightened the course of the river. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Identification of active structures via remote sensing
Vahid HosseinitoudeshkiActive structures have an important role in controlling fluvial systems through longitudinal and lateral tilting. The Ghezel Ozan River in northwest of Iran has responded to ongoing tectonic deformation in the basin. The study area is located in the Western Alborz zone MoreActive structures have an important role in controlling fluvial systems through longitudinal and lateral tilting. The Ghezel Ozan River in northwest of Iran has responded to ongoing tectonic deformation in the basin. The study area is located in the Western Alborz zone and includes part of the Ghezel Ozan River. This paper presents the role of active structures in making active deformations via detection and characterization of fluvial anomalies and correlation with structures. The study area is characterized by association of fluvial anomalies viz. deflection, anomalous sinuosity variations and knick point in longitudinal profile. Such fluvial anomalies have been identified on the repetitive satellite images and maps and interpreted through DEM and field observations to identify active structures in the area. Some of the structures in the study area have caused the fluvial anomalies and the most active structures are surface and sub-surface faults and folds with trend of NE-SW. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - safavi- Charles The process of transformation of the Safavid movement and the formation of the Safavid rule based on Charles Tilly's theory of collective action (from the time of the formation to the end of Shah Tahmasb's reign)
mohammad ghorbanianThe formation of the Safavid government can be traced to the five basic elements of the Safavid, Sufi, Shi'ite, Anatolian, and Qizilbashan districts. Each of these elements played an important role in the reign of Shah Ismail I in Tabriz in 907 AH. The formation of the MoreThe formation of the Safavid government can be traced to the five basic elements of the Safavid, Sufi, Shi'ite, Anatolian, and Qizilbashan districts. Each of these elements played an important role in the reign of Shah Ismail I in Tabriz in 907 AH. The formation of the Safavid government in Iran consists of two phases of preparation and the period of the kings, from Sheikh Safi al-Din Ardebili to Sheikh Haidar of the period of preparation, and from King Ismail to the period of the kings, who were the most important political actors in both periods. The first period is consistent with the resource mobilization model and the kings period is also compatible with the political model theory. This study examines the developments in the formation of the Safavid state based on the theory of Charles Tile's collective action. The purpose of this study is fundamental and in terms of nature and method, it is descriptive and analytical. The method of data collection is library. The final conclusion of this study is based on an examination of developments in the formation of the Safavid government until the end of Shah Tahmasb I's reign. Research findings show that despite the power vacuum in Anatolia, the Safavid dynasty has succeeded in mobilizing the Ghezelbashan to form a government in Iran, and during the kings, the Ghezelbashan have competed with each other and other elements of power to achieve political and economic goals. They have argued that these developments are in line with Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Study of the incidence of pregnancy toxemia by measuring some blood elements, metabolites and cortisol levels in Ghezel ewes
sakineh hosseini Gholamali Moghaddam Abbas Rafat Aytak Bakhshayesh KhiabaniPregnancy toxemia of ewes is a metabolic disease caused by glucose deficiency in mothers in response to rapid increases in fetal requirements. The objective of this study was evaluation of some blood elements and metabolites and cortisol levels in pregnant Ghezel ewes a MorePregnancy toxemia of ewes is a metabolic disease caused by glucose deficiency in mothers in response to rapid increases in fetal requirements. The objective of this study was evaluation of some blood elements and metabolites and cortisol levels in pregnant Ghezel ewes at Khalatposhan research station. In this study, blood samples were taken from 50 pregnant ewes at three times, before mating, during pregnancy and before lambing. Thereafter, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, urea and total protein levels were measured using the spectrophotometric method and blood cortisol concentration using the Elisa method. The effect of parity on serum glucose concentration was significant (p<0.01). Phosphorus concentration in all ewes was at the same level and no significant difference was observed regarding phosphorous levels between ewes. Lambing type had no effect on the measured parameters. Blood sampling time had significant effect (p<0.01) on all the measured parameters except phosphorus. Serum cortisol levels were significantly (p<0.01) increased by body weight of lambs at birth. There was a negative correlation between glucose and urea (r=-0.16). The correlation between total protein and urea (r=0.42) and total protein and phosphorous (r=-0.21) was statistically significant (p<0.01). In general it can be concluded that pregnancy toxemia could be prevented by measurement and analysis of blood metabolites during pregnancy and the use of suitable diets and management strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Mid-seasonal evaluation of serum magnesium levels and its relationship with selective serum biochemical parameters in sheep of Miandoab region
F. Behmard A.P. Rezaii SaberMagnesium is essential to activate many enzymatic systems by development of metal-enzyme complexes. Thus, its deficiency is especially important in ruminants. The aim of the current study was to investigate the serumic levels of magnesium and its relation to levels of c MoreMagnesium is essential to activate many enzymatic systems by development of metal-enzyme complexes. Thus, its deficiency is especially important in ruminants. The aim of the current study was to investigate the serumic levels of magnesium and its relation to levels of calcium, phosphorus, total protein, albumin, glucose, and total bilirubin in Ghezel ewes of Miandoab city. For this purpose, seasonal blood samples were collected from 100 Ghezel ewes in Miandoab region and the levels of magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, total protein, albumin, glucose, and total bilirubin evaluated. Results of parameters in different seasons were analyzed and compared by one-way ANOVA. Relation of each parameter with magnesium levels of serum was evaluated by Pearson correlation coefficient. Magnesium levels was higher in autumn and winter than summer and spring and total protein and phosphorus was lower than summer and spring (p<0.05). Increase in magnesium levels resulted in decrease of calcium, total protein, and phosphorus indicating an indirect and significant relationship (p<0.05). Bilirubin and albumin levels also had a direct and significant relationship with magnesium levels (p<0.05) whereby they both increased following magnesium increase. Alterations in magnesium levels of serum in ewes has direct or indirect effects on biochemical parameters of serum. According to the results of this study, it is essential to use standard magnesium supplements in ewes' nutrition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Investigating the effect of diluents contained EDTA and Propylene glycol on survival of Ghezel ram frozen semen
parisa Shafaati Gholamali Moghaddam hossein daghighkia sadegh AlijaniThe present study was performed to evaluate the effect of adding different levels of EDTA and propylene glycol on quality and survival of Ghezel ram frozen semen. After primary evaluations on fresh semen for parameters including total motility, progressive motility, non MoreThe present study was performed to evaluate the effect of adding different levels of EDTA and propylene glycol on quality and survival of Ghezel ram frozen semen. After primary evaluations on fresh semen for parameters including total motility, progressive motility, non-progressive motility, viability, abnormal sperm, and acrosome integrity in total cell and acrosome integrity in dead cells, samples with a concentration of 2.5 billion sperm and a progressive motility of over 70% and a volume greater than 0.5 ml were diluted with 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 mM EDTA and 1, 2, 3% propylene glycol as an additive and propylene glycol 7% as a constitute. Straws (250 µl) were filled with dilution and were placed in a refrigerator for 1.5 to 2 hours to cool to reach 5°C. After cooling they are placed in 4-5 cm above nitrogen for 8-10 minutes and ultimately were immersed in liquid nitrogen. qualitative parameters of sperm included viability, total motility, progressive and non-progressive motility, hypo osmotic swelling test, percentage of acrosome integrity and acrosome health in dead cells were investigated in 0, 20, 40 and 60 days of freezing processes. The results of this experiment showed that diluent with 1% propylene glycol concentration in comparison with other group improved total and progressive motility, percentage of viability, acrosome integrity and HOST (p0.05). The results showed that dilutions of EDTA and propylene glycol could improve quantitative parameters of ram semen. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Evaluation of trichostrongylidae parasites infestation of Ghezel sheep in East Azerbaijan Province using fecal eggs test
shahram hosseinzadeh seyyedabbas rafat gholamali moghaddam ahmad nematollahi rahman hajializadehAbstract Economical production of sheep is reduced by gastrointestinal parasites; and they can also be transmitted to humans. The present study was carried out to determine the gastrointestinal nematode parasites fauna and infestation rate in Ghezel sheep MoreAbstract Economical production of sheep is reduced by gastrointestinal parasites; and they can also be transmitted to humans. The present study was carried out to determine the gastrointestinal nematode parasites fauna and infestation rate in Ghezel sheep of East Azerbaijan province and stool samples were examined for helminthes infections. In this study, 120 lambs with 4-6 months’ age were selected from 6 herds (20 lambs from each herd). Fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of lambs and parasites were counted by Clayton Lane method. The number of counted parasites eggs of Nematodirus, Marshallagia marshalli, Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus were 39, 24, 23 and 14 percent respectively. Due to the contamination of sheep, control and treatment measures should be carried out and further research is recommended regarding prevention and control of infestation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Effect of monensin, yeast, selenoprotein and sodium selenite supplementation in flushing period on some blood elements and sexuality of newborn lambs in Ghezel ewes
سامان Saedi حسین Daghigh Kia لیلا Ahmadzadeh علی HosseinkhaniSome dietary ions can facilitate the penetration of certain types of spermatic chromosomes in the layer surrounding the oocyte to change the sex ratio of newborn lambs. To check this, 66 Ghezel ewes were used in six groups (11 in each group): Treatments consisted of gro MoreSome dietary ions can facilitate the penetration of certain types of spermatic chromosomes in the layer surrounding the oocyte to change the sex ratio of newborn lambs. To check this, 66 Ghezel ewes were used in six groups (11 in each group): Treatments consisted of group A as a control (basal diet), group B (flushing with barley grain), group C (flushing with barley grain+vitamin E+organic selenium), group D (flushing with barley grain+vitamin E+mineral selenium), group E (flushing with barley grain+monensin) and group F (flushing with barley grain+yeast). Ewes received experimental diets for 5 weeks (two weeks before and three weeks after mating). Magnesium, calcium, sodium and potassium of serum were measured. The results showed that ewes in groups C and D had the lowest level of calcium and magnesium and highest level of sodium and potassium in the time of estrous and 21 days after mating (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Comparison of the serumic levels of vitamin A, vitamin C and zinc between apparently healthy and those affected by febrile pneumonia in Ghezel sheep
محمد Mashayekhi M.H Khayat Nouri A.R Ebadi فرامرز PanahiThe aim of this study was to determine the correlation between subclinical deficiency of Vit A, Vit C and zinc and ovine pneumonia. This study was conducted on 400 sheep affected by pneumonia and 100 apparently healthy sheep. All animals were from the Ghezel breed with MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the correlation between subclinical deficiency of Vit A, Vit C and zinc and ovine pneumonia. This study was conducted on 400 sheep affected by pneumonia and 100 apparently healthy sheep. All animals were from the Ghezel breed with the age of 0.5-2 years and body weight of 35-60 kg. Sampling was done during the summer and autumn in Miandoab province. Patients showing signs of rapid and shallow breathing, dyspnea, coughing, nasal discharge and abnormal lung sound were selected as having pneumonia. Animals without any sign of particular disease were selected as apparently healthy after general examination. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein. The results indicated that serum levels of vitamin A, vitamin C and zinc were 46.94±0.26 (μg/dl), 1.83±0.05 (mg/dl) and 183.25±1.86 (μg/dl) in healthy sheep respectively and serum levels of vitamin A, vitamin C and zinc were 42.45±0.19 (μg/dl), 1.47±0.02 (mg/dl) and 134.59±1.77 (μg/dl) in pneumonic sheep (p=0.000) respectively. It can be concluded that there is a significant correlation between subclinical deficiency of vitamin A, vitamin C and zinc serum and ovine pneumonia Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Effects of food restriction on serum concentration of glucose, triacylglycerol, beta-hydroxy butyrate, non-esterified fatty acids and urea in pregnant ewes
علی Rezapour مهدی Taghinezhad GH.R AssadnasabFood restriction is a potential unwanted risk for a developing fetus in pregnant ewe. The objective of this study was to study the effects of food restriction on serum concentration of glucose, triacylglycerol, non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate and urea i MoreFood restriction is a potential unwanted risk for a developing fetus in pregnant ewe. The objective of this study was to study the effects of food restriction on serum concentration of glucose, triacylglycerol, non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate and urea in the last 8 weeks of pregnancy in Ghezel sheep (Azerbaijan native). We used Split-plot in time design and the overall sample was 14 Ghezel ewes. After a primary preparation period and using flashing diet, oesterus cycle was synchronized in an out of breeding season with sheep CIDR. Pregnancy induction was carried out through natural mating. Primary sampling (P0) was done 4 weeks after mating and then the ewes were divided and assigned to two groups: Control (T2) and food restriction group (T1). In different stages of pregnancy (P1 – P3) sampling was performed and the above mentioned parameters were measured. We used 16.5-27.5% food restriction. Our results surprisingly showed that food restriction had no statistically significant effect on serum glucose and triacylglycerol concentration, but it had a statistically significant effect on serum beta-hydroxy butyrate, non-esterified fatty acids and urea concentration (p<0.05). Food restriction resulted in mild to moderate ketosis in some individual animals. We conclude that food-restricted pregnant ewes following initial flashing diet at the beginning of pregnancy could maintain their glucose homeostasis and end her pregnancy period by using fat reserves and gluconeogenesis. Only one ewe aborted during food restriction in the end stage of pregnancy and others tolerated the situation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Investigating the Role of Influential Courtiers in Choosing the King's Successor in the Safavid Era
zahra rezaee naser jadidi mohammad karim yousef jamaliIn Iran's history, king succession has been marked an important issue. Often when a king was weak or dead, contenders emerged for taking power. Occasionally, despite the powerful king, there were conspiracies among the influential courtiers. In the Safavid era, the lack MoreIn Iran's history, king succession has been marked an important issue. Often when a king was weak or dead, contenders emerged for taking power. Occasionally, despite the powerful king, there were conspiracies among the influential courtiers. In the Safavid era, the lack of a codified law caused various forces, especially the Ghezelbash heads and court women, to be involved in the succession process; they were trying to choose the king in their own interests. The question of this study is what role did the influential courtiers play in selecting the king's successor? Before Shah Abbas I, the Ghezelbash played large-scale roles in the succession issue. In post-Shah Abbas I reign, however, influential women played the most important role. This descriptive-analytical study examines the role of influential courtiers in the king succession. Findings showed that the Ghezelbash and court women played large-scale roles in the king succession in the Safavid era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - روشی جدید برای فعال کردن خارج از فصل سیستم تولیدمثلی در میشهای قزل
ب. قاسمی-پناهی س.ع. رافت م. ابراهیمی م.ح. اکبرزاده ر. حاجیعلیزاده ولیلوگوسفند قزل یکی از نژادهای اصلی در شمال غرب ایران است که به منظور تولید گوشت، شیر و پشم پرورش داده میشود. بهبود تولیدمثل این نژاد تأثیر معنیداری بر روی رشد اقتصادی کشاورزان منطقه خواهد گذاشت. بنابراین در پژوهش حاضر تأثیر استفاده همزمان از همزمانسازی فحلی (سیدر و eCG) Moreگوسفند قزل یکی از نژادهای اصلی در شمال غرب ایران است که به منظور تولید گوشت، شیر و پشم پرورش داده میشود. بهبود تولیدمثل این نژاد تأثیر معنیداری بر روی رشد اقتصادی کشاورزان منطقه خواهد گذاشت. بنابراین در پژوهش حاضر تأثیر استفاده همزمان از همزمانسازی فحلی (سیدر و eCG) و جیره فلاشینگ بر تولیدمثل خارج از فصل در میش­های قزل تعیین شد. تعداد 114 رأس میش قزل 3 ساله به طور مساوی به سه گروه آزمایشی تقسیم شدند. گروه 1 به وسیله سیدر و eCG همزمانسازی شدند و 40 روز جیره فلاشینگ دریافت کردند. گروه 2 برای 40 روز جیره فلاشینگ دریافت کردند و گروه 3 (شاهد) هیچ تیماری را دریافت نکردند. قوچها نیز به صورت همزمان با میشها جیره فلاشینگ دریافت کردند. سیدرگذاری به مدت 12 روز انجام شد، به دنبال برداشتن سیدرها هر یک از میشهای گروه 1 مقدار 400 واحد eCG به صورت تزریق درون ماهیچهای دریافت کردند. سپس، قوچها وارد گله میشها شدند. پنجاه روز بعد از قوچ اندازی از اولتراسوند برای تعیین آبستنی استفاده شد. نسبت برهزایی در گروه 1 مقدار 32/276 درصد و نسبت آبستنی 100 درصد بود. این نتیجه به طور معنیداری متفاوت با گروه 2 و 3 بود. اگر چه بهبود اندکی در درصد آبستنی در گروه 2 نسبت به گروه کنترل مشاهده شد، نتایج کلی پیشنهاد میکنند که فلاشینگ به تنهایی در فعالکردن سیستم تولیدمثلی در خارج از فصل تولیدمثلی مؤثر نیست. این پژوهش نشان داد که همزمانسازی با استفاده از سیدر و eCG به همراه جیره فلاشینگ یک روش مناسب برای بهبود تولید بره در خارج از فصل تولیدمثلی در میشهای قزل است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - تاثیر افزودن مکمل سلنیوم آلی و معدنی همراه با ویتامین E در دوره فلاشینگ بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی میشهای قزل
ح. دقیقکیا س. ساعدی ع. حسینخانیمواد معدنی و ویتامین­ها نقش مهمی در تغذیه حیوانات ایفاء کرده و اثرات مفیدی بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی حیوانات دارند. به منظور بررسی اثر مکمل سلنیوم و ویتامین E بر هورمون­ها، متابولیت­های خونی و عملکرد تولیدمثلی، 44 میش قزل 3-2 ساله با میانگین وزنی 2 ± 55 کیل Moreمواد معدنی و ویتامین­ها نقش مهمی در تغذیه حیوانات ایفاء کرده و اثرات مفیدی بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی حیوانات دارند. به منظور بررسی اثر مکمل سلنیوم و ویتامین E بر هورمون­ها، متابولیت­های خونی و عملکرد تولیدمثلی، 44 میش قزل 3-2 ساله با میانگین وزنی 2 ± 55 کیلوگرم به طور تصادفی در 4 گروه تیماری (11=n) مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. تیمارها مشتمل بر؛ گروه A: شاهد؛ گروه B: جیره فلاشینگ با دانه جو (73 درصد)؛ گروه C: جیره فلاشینگ + ویتامین E (48 میلی­گرم در روز) + سلنیوم آلی (سلنوپروتئین، 35/1 میلی­گرم در روز) و گروه D: جیره فلاشینگ + ویتامین E (48 میلی­گرم در روز) + سلنیوم معدنی (سلنیت سدیم، 35/1 میلی­گرم در روز). چرخه­های فحلی میش­ها با استفاده از سیدر (CIDR) به مدت 14 روز، همزمان گردیدند. نتایج نشان دادند که بالاترین میزان برهزایی (4/136 درصد) و تعداد بره متولد شده (15=n) متعلق به گروه تیماری C بود. اندازه­گیری سطوح هورمونی استروژن، پروژسترون و انسولین بیانگر ارتباط این هورمون­ها با عملکرد تولیدمثلی میش­ها بود بطوریکه بالاترین میزان استروژن و انسولین (در فحلی) و پروژسترون (3 هفته بعد از جفتگیری) متعلق به گروه­های تیماری C و D بود (05/0˂P). سطوح گلوکز و کلسترول در گروه­های تیماری C و D روز قبل از سیدر برداری، فحلی و 3 هفته بعد از جفت­گیری به طور معنی­داری افزایش یافت (05/0˂P). در تمام دوره های آزمایشی، سطوح پروتئین تام و نیتروژن اوره­ای خون (BUN) در گروه­های تیماری B، C و D نسبت به گروه شاهد افزایش معنی­داری داشت (05/0˂P). استفاده از سلنیوم آلی و یا معدنی در جیره فلاشینگ اثرات مشابهی در متابولیتهای خونی و هورمون­های مرتبط با عملکرد تولیدمثلی داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - تأثیر منابع مختلف پروتئینی در جیره فلاشینگ بر برخی از پارامترهای خونی و عملکرد تولیدمثلی گوسفند قزل
ح. دقیق کیا آ. احمدفاضل ع. حسین خانیبه منظور مطالعه اثر منابع مختلف مکمل­های نیتروژنی در جیره فلاشینگ بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی، شصت میش قزل (5/3 ساله) مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایش به پنج گروه تقسیم شدند: گروه A: اوره؛ گروه B: کنجاله سویا (SBM)؛ گروه C: کنجاله گلوتن ذرت (CGM)؛ گروه D: دانه جو و گ Moreبه منظور مطالعه اثر منابع مختلف مکمل­های نیتروژنی در جیره فلاشینگ بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی، شصت میش قزل (5/3 ساله) مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایش به پنج گروه تقسیم شدند: گروه A: اوره؛ گروه B: کنجاله سویا (SBM)؛ گروه C: کنجاله گلوتن ذرت (CGM)؛ گروه D: دانه جو و گروه E: کنترل یا جیره پایه (بدون فلاشینگ). مقدار نیتروژن و انرژی در هر چهار گروه دریافت­کننده جیره فلاشینگ تقریبا یکسان بود (پروتئین خام (CP)=5/10 درصد؛ انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME): 1/2 Mcal/kg). گروه دریافت­کننده کنجاله گلوتن ذرت و کنترل به ترتیب بالاترین و پائین­ترین تعداد بره متولد شده را داشتند (16 در مقابل 9 بره). در گروه­های دریافت­کننده جیره­های فلاشینگ، میانگین مقادیر گلوکز، پروتئین و انسولین سرم خون نسبت به گروه کنترل افزایش داشت؛ اما بیشترین مقادیر گلوکز، انسولین، کلسترول و BUN به ترتیب در تیمارهای دریافت­کننده جیره با کنجاله سویا، گلوتن ذرت، دانه جو و اوره مشاهده شد. استفاده از منابع مناسب پروتئینی در جیره فلاشینگ مخصوصاً پروتئین­های عبوری یا غیر قابل تجزیه در شکمبه (نظیر کنجاله گلوتن ذرت)، می­تواند باعث بهبود عملکرد تولیدمثلی و بهره­وری گله شده و سود پرورش دهندگان گوسفند را به بیشترین میزان خود برساند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Growth Curve Variables in Ghezel Sheep
S. Hosseinzadeh A. Azartash S. Nikbin A. Javanmard M. Ali Abbasi S.A. Rafat M. Ghafari N. Hedayat-Evrigh S. Alijani -
Open Access Article
17 - استفاده از چندشکلیهای ریزماهوارهای موجود در ژن Ovar-DRB1 جهت تعیین مقاومت ژنتیکی نسبت به نماتودهای دستگاه گوارش در گوسفندان دنبهدار قزل
ر. حاجی علیزاده ولیلو س.ع. رافت م. فیروزآمندی م. ابراهیمیاین پژوهش به منظور شناسایی دام­های دارای مقاومت ژنتیکی نسبت به نماتودهای دستگاه گوارش (GIN) با استفاده از چندشکلی­های ریزماهواره­ای موجود در ژن Ovar-DRB1 برههای نژاد قزل ایرانی طراحی شد. در پژوهش حاضر 120 بره نر قزل 4 تا 6 ماهه به صورت تصادفی از 6 گله گوسف Moreاین پژوهش به منظور شناسایی دام­های دارای مقاومت ژنتیکی نسبت به نماتودهای دستگاه گوارش (GIN) با استفاده از چندشکلی­های ریزماهواره­ای موجود در ژن Ovar-DRB1 برههای نژاد قزل ایرانی طراحی شد. در پژوهش حاضر 120 بره نر قزل 4 تا 6 ماهه به صورت تصادفی از 6 گله گوسفند متفاوت در استان آذربایجان شرقی انتخاب شدند (تعداد 20 گوسفند در هر گله). این برهها به صورت طبیعی با GINها آلوده شده و نمونههای مدفوعی هر حیوان نیز جهت شمارش تعداد تخم­انگل موجود در مدفوع (FEC) به صورت دوبار در هفته و با یک هفته فاصله جمعآوری شد. نمونههای خونی نیز جهت استخراج DNA جمعآوری شدند و PCR به منظور افزوده­سازی اگزون شماره ­2 و توالی­های ریزماهوارهای موجود در اینترون شماره­2 ژن Ovar-DRB1 انجام شد. دادهها با استفاده از رویه مختلط در نرم افزار SAS آنالیز شدند. در پژوهش حاضر 24 ژنوتیپ و 20 آلل برای ژن Ovar-DRB1 شناسایی شدند. نتایج نشان دادند که حضور آللی به طول 510 جفت ­باز (که آلل F نامیده شد) در هر دو دامهای هموزیگوت و هتروزیگوت دارای رابطه­ قابل­توجه معنی­داری (01/­0P<) با کاهش FEC دارد، در حالیکه حضور آللی به طول 506 جفت­باز (که آلل E نامیده شد) در دام­های هموزیگوت نیز دارای رابطه معنی­داری (01/­0P<) با افزایش میزان FECمی باشد. بنابراین این پژوهش رابطه قابل­توجه معنی­داری را بین چندشکلی­های ریزماهوارهای موجود در ژن Ovar-DRB1 و مقاومت به GIN در برههای نژاد قزل نشان داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - The Effect of Pollutants Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature Change (Case Study:Ghezel-Ozen River)
Siamak Boudaghpour -
Open Access Article
19 - اثرات کوتاه و بلند مدت پروژسترون درمانی ترکیبی با PMSG بر روی میزان باروری میش های نژاد قزل در فصل تولید مثل
قادر نجفیهدف این تحقیق مقایسه کارایی درمان پروژسترونی کوتاه مدت و بلند مدت بر روی میزان باروری میش های قزل در فصل تولید مثلی بود. 40 میش در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک های تصادفی در دو پروتکل هم زمان سازی فحلی ( کوتاه مدت 7 روزه و بلند مدت 12 روزه) و هر پروتکل با 20 میش مورد استفاده ق Moreهدف این تحقیق مقایسه کارایی درمان پروژسترونی کوتاه مدت و بلند مدت بر روی میزان باروری میش های قزل در فصل تولید مثلی بود. 40 میش در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک های تصادفی در دو پروتکل هم زمان سازی فحلی ( کوتاه مدت 7 روزه و بلند مدت 12 روزه) و هر پروتکل با 20 میش مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. درمان پروژسترونی شامل یک اسفنج واژنی محتوی 30 میلی گرم فلوئوروجستون استات (FGA) بود که به مدت 7 روز و 12 روز در واژن میش ها قرار داده شد. پس از آن در روز های 5 و 10 پروتکل ها 5/0 میلی لیتر Clo Pg و 400 واحد بین المللی PMSG به شیوه عضلانی به همه میش ها تزریق شد. درصد استروس, نرخ آبستنی و نرخ بره زایی در گروه درمانی کوتاه مدت به ترتیب 80 % ، 75 % و 56.25 % و در گروه درمانی بلند مدت به ترتیب 95 % ، 84.21 % و 73.68 % حاصل گردید. نرخ دوقلوزایی در پروتکل های درمانی کوتاه مدت و طولانی مدت تفاوتی نداشتند (1.44 در برابر 1.50). تفاوت معنی داری در پاسخ های باروری دربین پروتکل ها مشاهده نگردید (05/0<P). پروژسترون درمانی کوتاه مدت در هم زمان سازی فحلی میش های قزل در فصل تولید مثل موثر بود. لیکن در مقایسه پروتکل ها، پروتکل طولانی مدت نتایج بهتری را در درصد استروس، نرخ آبستنی و نرخ زایش در میش های قزل نشان داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 -
عبداله Narighi soreh وحید Hasanpour The objective of this study was to identify the fungal flora of conjunctival sac in clinically normal Ghezel sheep and determine the effect of host eye,age and sex on this flora.the animals(n=50) were selected from both sexes and divided into three age groups ac More The objective of this study was to identify the fungal flora of conjunctival sac in clinically normal Ghezel sheep and determine the effect of host eye,age and sex on this flora.the animals(n=50) were selected from both sexes and divided into three age groups according to age.swabs were taken from the inferior conjunctival sac of both eyes(n=100) and cultured onto saboroud dextrose agar and malt extract agar,incubated at 25C and examined for 21 days.thirteen sheep out of 50 (26%) were positive for fungi:5/50(10%) had positive cultures from both eyes.the isolated fungal genera were cladosporium spp.-7 eyes (38.88%) , Aspergillus spp.-3 eyes(16.66%) penicillium spp. -3 eyes (16.66%) rhodoteurella spp. -3 eyes(16.66%) and curvularia spp. -2 eyes(11.11%). the isolation of cladosporium spp. was significantly frequent among the left eyes,females and sheep above three years of age (p<0.05).this study is first report of funhal flora of normal ovine conjunctiva. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Prevalence and etiology of subclinical mastitis in Ghezel ewes in Nagadeh district, Iran
عبداله Arighi sareh احسان Hadavi کیوان AbdiThis study was conducted to determine the prevalence and etiology of subclinical mastitis in Ghezelewrs selected from 9 folks in Bahareh, Northwestern Iran. Collectively 146 milk samples from 73 ewes were taken for the California mastitis test( CMT), bacterial culture a MoreThis study was conducted to determine the prevalence and etiology of subclinical mastitis in Ghezelewrs selected from 9 folks in Bahareh, Northwestern Iran. Collectively 146 milk samples from 73 ewes were taken for the California mastitis test( CMT), bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility of isolates. Samples from both glands of 37.73 (50.68℅) ewes had positive CMT results. Bacteria were isolated from 30.146(20.54℅) udder halves and 17.73(23.38℅) ewes. Prevalence rate of subclinical mastitis based on positive CMT and bacteriological results was 23.28℅ of examined ewes. A total of 30 isolates comprising escherichia coli 33.33℅ , staphylococcus aureus (16.66℅), staph. Epidermidis (16.66℅), staph. Intermedius(16.66℅) and streptococcus agalactiae (16.66℅) were identified. Antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed gentamicin to be the most effective antibiotic against all the of isolates, with 28.30(93.33℅) being susceptible. A positive correlation was found between CMT score and the age of ewe( p<0.01). The relationship between CMT score and the bacterial isolation rate was not statistically significant( p>0.05). It is concluded that for screening of subclinical mastitis in Ghezel sheep flicks, CMT test could be used with 100℅ sensitivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Ten Ghezelbash as a prose epic: A cast at epic themes of the novel
manochehr joukar zahra nasiri shiraz somayeeh sharooniThe historical novel of Ten Ghezelbash in five volumes is one of the most significant historical novels and it is believed to have far more capacity to be regarded solely as a mere historical novel. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate aspects such as epic stru MoreThe historical novel of Ten Ghezelbash in five volumes is one of the most significant historical novels and it is believed to have far more capacity to be regarded solely as a mere historical novel. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate aspects such as epic structures and themes. Using library and descriptive analytic method this research deals with studying those aspects. The existence of different war scenes against foreigners in the novel on one hand and writer’s emphasis upon national Persian values, and elements at the same time as well as Shia sect on the other hand had caused this work to have many similarities with a prose epic text. Certain epic themes include the hero’s journey, women as pioneers to claim love, war and war strategies, presence of horse with mythological epic functions, description of weapons, unity of ethnic groups in confrontation with enemies, patriotism, and struggle in order to win name and integrity, abstinence from dishonor, vagabondage, astrology, and prediction. The extent of using epic deeds and elements are quite significant in this novel. Some are drawn directly from Shahnameh and Ferdowsi’s influence upon Masroor is evident in this regard. It can be understood that despite having certain differences with Shahnameh, this historical novel has established close relation with epic style and one can regard it as an epic in prose. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Allelic and genotypic frequency of Calpastatin gene in Ghezel and Arkhamerino sheeps and their crossbreds
Gorban Elyasi Jalil Shoja Mohammad Reza Nassiry Ommolbanin Pirahary Arash JavanmardCalpastatin have role in regulation muscle growth and meat tenderness after slaughter that its coding gene located on ovine chromosome 5. Studies have shown that this gene is polymorphic in many breeds of sheep and is related with weight gain and carcass traits. This is MoreCalpastatin have role in regulation muscle growth and meat tenderness after slaughter that its coding gene located on ovine chromosome 5. Studies have shown that this gene is polymorphic in many breeds of sheep and is related with weight gain and carcass traits. This is the result of a single base pair substitution in the Calpastatin gene that is recognized by MspI and NcoI restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) method and can be use as genetic marker in animal breeding. The aim of this study was to analysis of genotype distribution of Calpastatin gene in sheeps by MspI/RFLP method. Blood samples were taken from 137 sheeps (65 Ghezel, 42 Arkhamerino and 30 their F1 crossbreds). Genomic DNA was extracted from 50ul blood sample. Gel monitoring and spectrophotometer methods were used to determination quality and quantity of DNA. Primers ovine Calp-R and ovine Calp-F amplified a 570 bp fragment of the ovine Calpastatin gene. MspI enzyme was used for restricting of PCR products. Digested products were separated by electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gel and visualized after staining with ethidium bromide on UV transilmination. Data analysis was done using PopGen32 software (ver.1.32). Frequency of M-allele in Ghezel, Arkhamerino and their crossbreds were 69%, 48% and 50%, respectively. The sheep populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and it was concluded that breeding based on selection for Calpastatin gene was not done. Manuscript profile
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