-
Open Access Article
1 - Spatial-temporal distribution of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea
hasan fazli davood kor mahmood tavakoli gholamreza daryanabard hasan taghaviThe main objective of the present study is to determine spatial and temporal distribution of common carp in depths 2-100 m in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea, during 2007-2011. Seasonal sampling data collected by using bottom trawl in 57 stations. The results showed t MoreThe main objective of the present study is to determine spatial and temporal distribution of common carp in depths 2-100 m in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea, during 2007-2011. Seasonal sampling data collected by using bottom trawl in 57 stations. The results showed that the maximum catch and average of CPUE (±S.E.) were 39.0 kg and 0.98±0.35 kg/0.5 hr-1 in depths of 2-10 m in 2011 spring. The bulk stock concentrated in depths <20 m in eastern region (from Amirabad to Hasangholi), which seasonal averages of CPUE were 0.69±0.62, 1.08±0.41, 0.16±0.10 and 0.46±0.14 kg/0.5 hr-1 in spring, summer, autumn and winter in the region, respectively. High concentration of carp in the eastern region could be due to stock enhancement program of carp which conducted by Iran Fisheries Organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Effect of Synoptic Patterns on the Floods of the Southern Caspian Sea Coast, Case Study: Shafarood and Talar Rivers
بهلول Alijani Gh Azizi پرویز RezaeiThis research has been carried out in the southern coasts of Caspian Sea. Thisarea consists of about 150 catchments. Most of the rivers have small basin, covered byvegetation and confined by sea and mountains.In order Shafarood for the 1961-98 period were analysed. This MoreThis research has been carried out in the southern coasts of Caspian Sea. Thisarea consists of about 150 catchments. Most of the rivers have small basin, covered byvegetation and confined by sea and mountains.In order Shafarood for the 1961-98 period were analysed. This period has nearlyexperienced 558 flood from which from which 59% belong to talar and Shafaroodcatchments, respectively. To determine the synoptic patterns of the floods, the surfaceand 500hP daily maps of 36 floods were analyzed. The result of the study showed that:The flood of Shafarood occurred mostly in the September to November periodand Talar floods in March and April.11% of the floods occurred simultaneously in both basins. The synoptic patternrespolsible fore these floods was the west of the Caspian Sea.The other floods were occurred when the through axis was moved over CaspianSea or to its east coasts. In These conditions Surface cyclones and anticyclones werevery important.The main moisture sources of the floods were the Medeaterian Sea for tha talarBasin and the Caspian Sea for the Shafarood Basin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Analysis of the Droughts in the Southern coastal areas of the Caspian Sea.
بهلول Alijani زین العابدین Jafarpoor GH JanbazIn order to analyze the statistical and synoptic characteristics of the droughts inthe Southern Coastal region of the Caspian Sea, the monthly precipitation data wereanalyzed for the period 1961-99. The drought was identified according to deciles and Zindices. The synop MoreIn order to analyze the statistical and synoptic characteristics of the droughts inthe Southern Coastal region of the Caspian Sea, the monthly precipitation data wereanalyzed for the period 1961-99. The drought was identified according to deciles and Zindices. The synoptic origin was determined from The surface and 500 hPa NCEPdigital data. The results showed:1. The two month drought periods are frequent and most of the droughts are severand widespread.2. Three weather types responsible for the droughts are: zonal type, High pressureover the Caspian Sea, and low pressure system. All these types prevented the northerlyor northeasterly cold rain bringing winds over the Caspian Sea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Role of Pressure Patterns on the Precipitation of the South Coast of Caspian Sea
بهلول Alijani حسین Mohammadi آتوسا BigdeliIn order to understand the role of pressure systems on the precipitation of the Caspian coastal lands, daily precipitation data of the weather stations of the area were obtained from the Meteorological Organization of Islamic Republic of Iran for the period 1986-2003. U MoreIn order to understand the role of pressure systems on the precipitation of the Caspian coastal lands, daily precipitation data of the weather stations of the area were obtained from the Meteorological Organization of Islamic Republic of Iran for the period 1986-2003. Using Cluster Analysis the study area was divided into three distinct regions on the basis station’s precipitation variables. In each region the daily rainfall runs of 2 days length and more were determined. For each rain run a representative run was selected. For each of these selected runs the weather maps of surface and 500 hPa levels were analyzed. On the basis of this analysis the main and dominant pressure patterns of the rain days were defined. The results of the study showed that the western migratory high pressure systems are the main cause of the coastal areas precipitation. This study did not find any significant role for the ever accepted Siberian High pressure in the area’s precipitation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Anzali Wetland and morphological characteristics of the impact of changes in land use
Mohsen RanjbarCaspian basin after being removed from the open seas or lakes in Pliocene time, money andsince then a series of tectonic activity, fluctuating water levels, the effect of waves andcurrents of the river morphology and current as it created. Sediments along the shoreline MoreCaspian basin after being removed from the open seas or lakes in Pliocene time, money andsince then a series of tectonic activity, fluctuating water levels, the effect of waves andcurrents of the river morphology and current as it created. Sediments along the shoreline toerosion and sedimentation caused severe changes in morphology are Anzali wetland.Morphological forms based on the manufacturer and type deposits occur in differentenvironments. Recognizing symptoms and morphological changes that could be a pivotal rolein coastal planning and coastal management have. Swamps and wetlands, Delta, tab, sand,sandy zones, sand dunes, marine terraces and flood plains, mud zones, alluvial Fans,landscape morphology are observed in different parts of the Caspian Sea and Anzali Wetland.Current status of the beach about 10 thousand years ago with the general trend of lowering thewater levels is. In recent decades, human factors, the coast is one of the basic parameters ofthe deformation. Margin morphology can identify shifts in the development and landuseplanning coastlines, coastal areas to be effective. In this research, studies, documents andsoftware using Ilwis, Autocad and photoshop and aerial photographs, geological maps,topographic1/ 20000 and 1/50000 and a method based on RS and GIS methods to separatethe units in the sedimentary environment they have been marked And the resulting changes inthe rate of water level changes and coastal morphology and sedimentary units, replacement ofthe final maps will be prepared. Anzali wetland in coastal sediments of the tab is made up ofcoastal and coastal barriers. Anzali lagoon behind the beach is one of the lakes that were oncepart of the Caspian Sea coastal waters. Anzali wetland in the past had a large spread butgradually by alluvial sediments - Sefidrood deltaic branches and rivers of Rasht region, Masaland Fouman is filled. Anzali indentation tectonics is derived from the Caspian Sea backwardsomewhat isolated from the sea and sand with a blade (the area between Anzali andKapurchal) is formed. Facies of Pleistocene marine and coastal areas indicates the presence ofPleistocene Sea coast at the foot of the Alborz. Gradually with the gradual retreat of the seaand tectonic activity has increased the extent of the coastal plain. Coastal facies, especiallyalong the asphalt road protrusion City - Friday Market (Friday Market on the northern sidereached a three-way road) that is visible is located in the south of Anzali wetland. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - مطالعه آسیب شناسی پوسیدگس باله دمی مولدین ماهی آزاد دریای خزر در مرکز تکثیر و پرورش آزاد ماهیان شهید باهنر کلاردشت
علیرضا گلچین منشادی عیسی شریف پور مهدی سلطانی محمد عابدی -
Open Access Article
7 - بررسی برخی الگوهای سیتو شیمیایی یاخته های سفید خون فیل ماهیان جنوب دریای خزر
شهاب الدین صافی لیلا مدیری محمود بهمنی بهیار جلالی جعفری -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigation of Bisphenol A and Nonylphenol pollution in estuaries of rivers in south-west coast of Caspian sea
Said Ganjali Hosseinali Zabardast Rosatami Ali Kazemi zahra sahebi Soheil SobhanArdakaniBackground and Objective: Today environmental pollutions especially pollution of water ecosystems have caused serious problems for human communities as well as other living organisms. In regards with increasing growth of population using chemicals has increased in diffe MoreBackground and Objective: Today environmental pollutions especially pollution of water ecosystems have caused serious problems for human communities as well as other living organisms. In regards with increasing growth of population using chemicals has increased in different industrial, agricultural and residential sectors. Endocrine disrupting chemicals or strogenic- like compounds are the great importance due to their negative consequences on human beings and animals (fish and amphibious). The aim of this study was determining the concentration of Nonylphenol and Bisphenol A in water samples of estuaries of 9 rivers in south-west coast of Caspian Sea and examining the correlation of these compounds with chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and pH. Method: In this study, different parameters based on standard methods for water and wastewater was measured. To extract Nonylphenol and bisphenol A of water samples was used of liquid-liquid separation method. And Nonylphenol and bisphenol A concentration was measured with high performance liquid chromatography. Findings: Results showed that estuary of Astara River has the biggest concentration of studied parameters compared to other stations which can be due to the passage of river through the city center and penetration of municipal and residential waste water to the river. Result of correlation test indicated that there is a positive and significant correlation between BOD and COD concentrations، and Bisphenol A and Nonylphenol in studied samples. There is also a negative (inverse) and significant correlation between the pH and Bisphenol A and Nonylphenol concentrations. Discussion and Conclusion: Since the presence of these chemicals even in low concentrations can have adverse effects in health of ecosystems. There are concerns regarding the presence of these strogenic-like chemicals in water resources in the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Study of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Contamination in Sediments of Sisangan Coastal Sediments in South Caspian Sea
Hossein bagheri Kazem Darvish Bastami Ali HamzepourIntroduction: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) is the most important environmental pollutants which originated from various sources. They are stable in seawater and especially in sediments and their degradation occur slowly. Sixteen numbers of this pollutant are i MoreIntroduction: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) is the most important environmental pollutants which originated from various sources. They are stable in seawater and especially in sediments and their degradation occur slowly. Sixteen numbers of this pollutant are introduced by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as serious carcinogen compounds. In this study, the contents of 16 PAHs compounds were determined in the sediments of Sisanagan coastal sediments (South Caspian Sea). Material and Methods: The sampling was performed by Van Veen grab from 12 sites and 4 transect of the study area. Determination of PAHs (16 components) was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: The results showed that the total concentration of PAHs varied between 94.55- 336.33 ng/g dry weight of sediments. Maximum individual concentration of PAHs was 132, 97.5 ng g-1 belonged to banzo(b) flouranthene and flouranthene and Benzo[k]fluoranthene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracen, banzo(g,h.i)perylen, acenaphtylen, banzo(a)pyren and indino were not detected in all of the sampling sites. The total organic matters (TOM) of sampling sites were different from 1.65 to 9.95%. Conclusion: Comparison of PAHs concentrations in the studied sediments with other places in the world showed (PAHs) pollutions of studied sediments are medium to low and results also showed that PAHs pollutants in this area have both pyrogenic (Fuel) and petrogenic sources. Comparing the values obtained in this area with standard PAHs (ISQGs, NOAA) indicated contaminated sediments are not harmful effect on the creatures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Prioritizing the Amount of Contamination of Metals Using Pollution Load Factors and Potential Biologic Hazards in the Surface Sediments of the Rivers of the Southeast Coast of the Caspian Sea
Sahabeh talesh pour Lobat taghavi Nasrollahzadeh SaraviAbstract: Sediments are the most important storage and uptake of metals and other pollutants in aquatic ecosystems and can reflect the quality of aquatic systems. In this study, sediment contamination to zinc, copper, lead and cadmium metals based on pollution index (PL MoreAbstract: Sediments are the most important storage and uptake of metals and other pollutants in aquatic ecosystems and can reflect the quality of aquatic systems. In this study, sediment contamination to zinc, copper, lead and cadmium metals based on pollution index (PLI) and evaluation of metal element hazards on living organisms based on biological hazard potential index (MERMQ) in surface sediments of rivers in the southeast coast of the Caspian Sea was performed. Methods: In order to measure and determine the indicators of metal pollution, sampling of surface sediments of the estuary and a distance of 1000 meters from the estuary of some rivers on the southeastern shores of the Caspian Sea including Gorganrood, Qarahsu, Nekaroudeh, Tajna, Talar and Babolrood was performed. Samples were prepared in the laboratory using a mixture of three nitric acids, fluoride and hydrochloric acid and then analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The results of the present study indicate that the MERMQ index of metallic elements in the sediments of rivers on the southern shores of the Caspian Sea ranged from 0.073 to 0.12 and the PLI pollution index ranged from 0.36 to 0.58. The results of comparing the concentration of metals in surface sediment samples with the sediment quality standard (NOAA) showed that in all studied stations the amount of measured elements is less than the amount of ERL. Conclusion: Results of MERMQ for sediments demonstrated that in estuaries of Gharesou and Talar river and 1000 metres from Babolroud, the prioritization of biological hazards is in low to medium level and in other stations in the study is in low level. Besides, the results of PLI in sediments Indicated that level of sediments’ pollution to heavy metals is in low level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Modelling of Input Phosphate Load to the Caspian Sea from Tajan Watershed Using Soil and Water Assesment Tool
ّFatemeh Rajaei Reza Dahmardeh Behrooz Mostafa GholipourBackground and Objective: The development of agriculture to respond to growing need for food causes more consumption of chemical fertilizers and water ecosystems pollution. Therefore, in this study estimation of nutrients from non-point sources, the amount of exceed tha MoreBackground and Objective: The development of agriculture to respond to growing need for food causes more consumption of chemical fertilizers and water ecosystems pollution. Therefore, in this study estimation of nutrients from non-point sources, the amount of exceed than standard level, evaluation of phosphate pollution input from Tajan watershed to the Caspian Sea is a priority for watershed health assessment. Method: In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for the simulation of phosphate during the years from 2001 to 2014 were used. Findings: The results showed that annual phosphate during 2001 to 2014, from about 29,000 to 102,900 kg in watershed output were different. Phosphate in winter and autumn were allocated 98 percent of total annual load. The highest levels of phosphate were in February (an average of 11 621 kg) and lowest in June (average 0.7 kg). Also, phosphate concentration was higher than drinking water quality standards (0.2 mg/l) in most subbasins. Discussion and Conclusion: It is necessary to reduce the phosphatein in these subbasins. They should be prioritized in water quality management programs. Also, results showed that the SWAT model can be a useful tool for pollution reduction strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Assessment of oil pollution and prioritization environmental protection strategy in the Caspian Sea based on the SWOT model
Omid Naderi Parviz Mohammadi nasrin choobkar Hossein Norouzi Seyed Ahmad HosseiniBackground and Objective: Harmful oil compounds have various dangers on marine organisms and human. Now with this threat of oil pollution in the country's water resources, especially the Caspian Sea, what strengths and weaknesses can there be to counteract this threat? MoreBackground and Objective: Harmful oil compounds have various dangers on marine organisms and human. Now with this threat of oil pollution in the country's water resources, especially the Caspian Sea, what strengths and weaknesses can there be to counteract this threat? The purpose of this study is to get acquainted with oil pollution and its derivatives and to explain the prioritization of the Caspian Sea environmental protection strategy of threats caused by oil pollution. Material and Methodology: SWOT analysis (Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) is an important tool for strategic study, situation analysis and providing appropriate solutions to obtain an answer to this question. Therefore, the main strategy of this study is to use the SWOT model as a tool to assess oil pollution in the Caspian Sea. Findings: According to the results of this study, with strategic prioritization in the total share of Caspian oil pollution, there are two threats (Russia and Azerbaijan) and three opportunities (Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Iran) that the most important weakness and threat in river resources and the most important Capability and opportunity have been identified in urban resources. Discussion and Conclusion: What has been underreported in these studies is the use of cross-border diagnostic analyzes because these analyzes, as official reports approved by international environmental organizations, can be the basis for periodic evaluations and based on them to determine strategic priorities in pollution control management of the Caspian Basin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Measurement of Cadmium in Some Tissues of the Caspian Seals in the Southeastern Coast of the Caspian Sea
seyedeh malihe hoseini somayeh namrodi AMIR sayadshirazi annalisa zaccaroniBackgrounds& Objectives: Nowadays, the entry of effluents containing heavy metals, which are mostly the result of industrial activities, into the ecosystem of aquatic organisms and, consequently, the accumulation of these metals in the body of aquatic animals is a m MoreBackgrounds& Objectives: Nowadays, the entry of effluents containing heavy metals, which are mostly the result of industrial activities, into the ecosystem of aquatic organisms and, consequently, the accumulation of these metals in the body of aquatic animals is a major concern which is aquatic life and biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems affects. The Caspian Sea is one of the most important aquatic ecosystems that the entry of various pollutants has caused serious damage to these ecosystems. The Caspian seal, the only mammal in the Caspian Sea, is endangered. The aim of this study was to measure cadmium in some Caspian seal tissues on the southeastern shores of the Caspian Sea.Method: In the present study, ten corpses of Caspian seals were collected and inseminated from the coast of the Caspian Sea. Liver, kidney and fat samples were digested to measure cadmium content. The concentration of cadmium was measured by a mass spectrometer machine.Findings: The highest concentration of cadmium in kidney tissues was 13.59±0.73 μg / kg which higher than the liver with mean of 1.6±0.16 μg / kg and greater than mean of 0.07±0.02 fat. The concentration of cadmium in male and female tissues was investigated and there was no significant relationship between cadmium metal concentration and sex of seals. The presence of significant amounts of cadmium in 90% of the samples shows the high pollution of the Caspian Sea with heavy metals, including cadmium metal, which is even toxic at very low levels.Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the significant decrease in the population of the Caspian seals in recent years and the persistence of heavy metals, the use of these toxic metals in the industry has to be reduced, as well as the sources of the input of these pollutants to the Caspian Sea to prevent the entry of these toxic metals into the Caspian Sea or before filtration proceed. This will reduce the pollution of the Caspian Sea and helps the health of the aquatic environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - 5
غلامرضا امینی رنجبر محمود بهمنی پروین فرشچی فرشته شریعت -
Open Access Article
15 - 7
zahra yaghobzade nouramir mozafari abolfat shojaei reza safari -
Open Access Article
16 - Study of Organ Chlorine Pesticides Concentration in Sediments of Southern of the Caspian Sea
Mehrzad keshavarz fard Ali Mashynchyan Moradi Seyed Mohammad Reza Fatemi Abas Esmaili SariOrgan chlorine pesticides are very important due to carcinogenic and delayed toxic function and their effect on nervous system offish and human. In this project concentrations of organ chlorine pesticides including Lindane, Heptachlor, Dieldrin, Aldrin and DDT was mea MoreOrgan chlorine pesticides are very important due to carcinogenic and delayed toxic function and their effect on nervous system offish and human. In this project concentrations of organ chlorine pesticides including Lindane, Heptachlor, Dieldrin, Aldrin and DDT was measured in sediments of southern coasts of Caspian Sea from Astara, Hashtpar, Bandare Anzali, Kiashahr, Ramsar, Chalous, Noor, Feraidoun Kenar, Khazarabade Sari and Bandare Turkman stations. After sampling from above mentioned stations, they have been extracted, separated, condensed and then have been analyzed by GC system an equipped with electron capture detector. In sampled sediments, Heptachlor with an average of 0.493 mg/kg on wet weight concentration and Aldrin with an average ofO.OOl mg/kg on wet weight concentration have the highest and lowest concentrations, respectively. The order of these pesticides according to average of concentrations, are as follow: Heptachlor > DDT > Dieldrin > Lindane > Aldrin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - 11
مژگان روشن طبری پریسا نجات خواه سیدعباس حسینی نوربخش خداپرست محمدتقی رستمیان11 -
Open Access Article
18 - Determination of water quality of the Caspian Sea southern coasts based on OECD method and Trophic index (TRIX)
Mahshid Shahrban Amir Etemad ShahidiPollution control is one of the main objectives of coastal waters management. Quality monitoring and assessment of coastal waters can be done based on physical, chemical and biological parameters. The aim of this study is to determine coastal water quality in the south MorePollution control is one of the main objectives of coastal waters management. Quality monitoring and assessment of coastal waters can be done based on physical, chemical and biological parameters. The aim of this study is to determine coastal water quality in the south of Caspian Sea by OECD (Organization for Economic Corporation and Development) method and TRIX (Trophic Index). The chemical and biological parameters used in this study are mineral nitrogen, total phosphorus, oxygen saturation and chlorophyll a. According to the OECD classification, the study area is eutrophic in spring and autumn and hypertrophic in summer and winter. The seasonal mean of TRIX ranges from 5.04 to 5.47, which indicates mesotrophic conditions in all seasons. The results of the study proved TRIX index to be the proper index in the study area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Measuring Concentration of Heavy Metals (Pb, Cd, Hg) in Tissue of Liza Saliens and Risk Assessment Associated with its Use (Case Study: Coastal Waters of the Caspian Sea)
Zahra Mehri Asiabar Lobat Taghavi Tooraj Valinassab Reza PourgholamBackground and Objective: This study aimed to investigate the concentration of three heavy metals of Cd, Pb and Hg in tissue of Liza saliens in the southern Caspian Sea (Mazandaran Province) in 2013. It also attemts ro estimate the risks associated with its use by human MoreBackground and Objective: This study aimed to investigate the concentration of three heavy metals of Cd, Pb and Hg in tissue of Liza saliens in the southern Caspian Sea (Mazandaran Province) in 2013. It also attemts ro estimate the risks associated with its use by human. Method: The samples (32 specimens) were prepared under standard conditions; and after preparation process, the measurements were done using atomic absorption. Results: The results revealed that the mean ± SD of Pb and Hg in muscle tissue of grey mullet were 5.72903 ± 2.9606 and 79.01561 ± 44.9456 mg/kg of dry weight, respectively. The Daily Intake (DI) for Pb, Cd and Hg were 100.46, 0.06 and 1525.26 mg/day per person, respectively and Hazard Quotients (HQs) were measured to be 0.1607, 1.000, and 6.4200. Conclusion: After comparing the standards, it was observed that the amount of lead in muscle of mullet narrow snout at central coast of the Caspian Sea was above the standard suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, UK (UKMAFF). However, this amount was permissible according to the standards of the United Sate’s Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The amount of mercury in this study was much higher than the three standard indexes mentioned. As a result, the acceptable level of Pb and Cd intake for good health is recommended to be 0/591 and 38/889 g per day and 4/179 and 272/223 g per week. The allowable level of Hg consumption for maintaining health is zero and, therefore, it is not recommended for consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - A study on mortality of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) exposed to chlorinated disinfectant soloution (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Seyed Ali Akbar Hedayati Saeid Shahbazi Naserabad Hamed Ghafari FarsaniAbstract Background and Objective: Release of detergents via urban sewages into aquatic ecosystems can have adverse effects on aquatic life. In this study, the acute toxicity of NaOCl on Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) with averag MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Release of detergents via urban sewages into aquatic ecosystems can have adverse effects on aquatic life. In this study, the acute toxicity of NaOCl on Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) with average weights of 16±1 g (mean ± SD) and 3.5±1 g, respectively, was investigated to determine 50% lethal concentration of the fish populations in 96 hours. Method: Experiments were carried out in a static base according to O.E.C.D standard method in 4 days (96 hours). After primal experiments to explore the lethal range, the main research was performed by selection of 5 final treatments (0, 15, 30, 60, 120 mg L-1) for Cyprinus carpio and 6 final treatments (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mg L-1) for Rutilus frisii kutum, each one with 3 repeats. Eventually according to the results obtained by probit analyses, amount of LC1, LC10, LC30, LC50, LC70, LC90 and LC99 were calculated in fishes during 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Findings: In the present study, 100% of mortality of Caspian kutum in concentration of 80 mg L-1, happened only within the first hours they exposed to pollution. However, this process in Common carp in concentration of 120 mg L-1, happened after 30 hours passed from starting the experiment. The acute toxicity of Common carp and Caspian kutum were 39.48 and 23.77 mg L-1 respectively. Conclusion: The present study showed that this washer is dangerous for fishes and also Rutilus frisii kutum is much more vulnerable to NaOCl in comparison with Cyprinus carpio. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Determine the absorption coefficient of visible light in the southern waters of the Caspian Sea
Jamshid Karimi Masoud Torabi AzadVisible light is a combination of different colors. Absorption and scattering of light in different environments are depending on the type of environment and the wavelength of incident light. The sea water is one of the areas that cause severe attenuation of visib MoreVisible light is a combination of different colors. Absorption and scattering of light in different environments are depending on the type of environment and the wavelength of incident light. The sea water is one of the areas that cause severe attenuation of visible light. In this study, a method for calculating the absorption of visible light in the southern waters of the Caspian Sea in Chalus and Kapurchal station is provided. A water sample from a depth of half a meter from each station sampled laboratory irradiated laser beams with different wavelengths and the light attenuation coefficient obtained by using the relevant tables, the light absorption coefficient is calculated in study stations. The two stations due to the low salinity of sea water is less dispersion. An also, because the surface layer of water sampling is done, the influence of visible light at different wavelengths is almost identical. Shorter wavelengths are more scattered and longer wavelengths are more absorbed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - investigation of DDT' s Ccentration ïn muscle Issue of Rutilus Fris On southeast of caspian sea
Ali Mashinchian Abass Esmaili Sari Seied Mohamad reza Fatemi Eslami Ameneh BineshIn this study species samples of the most consumed fishes , Sefid , with scientific name of Rutilus FrissiKutum has been analyzed for concentraition on one of organochlorine pesticides as DDT.Sampleshave been captured on 5 staitions(Bandartorkaman, Khazarabad,Fereidunke MoreIn this study species samples of the most consumed fishes , Sefid , with scientific name of Rutilus FrissiKutum has been analyzed for concentraition on one of organochlorine pesticides as DDT.Sampleshave been captured on 5 staitions(Bandartorkaman, Khazarabad,Fereidunkener,Noor and Chalous)in twoprovinces in the south of caspian sea (Mazandaran and Golestan). Determination of this pesticideconcentration was performed by gas chromatography equipped with electron-capture detector(GC-ECD).Asresult ,average of DDT concentration in the samples of the whole area is about 0.0035 ppm per fat weight.Sample of chalous station has the highest concentration than the others (0.016 ppm per fat weight) and Bandartorkaman &Fereidun kener with 0.0003 ppm per fat weight have the minimum concentration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - گزارشی درباره آلودگی انگلی فوک خزری (فوکاکاسپیکا) ساحل جنوبی دریای مازندران
علی اسلامی بهمن کیایی -
Open Access Article
24 - تغییرات فون انگلی کپور معمولی Cyprinus carpio (Cypridiae:OSTEICHTHYES) در طی مهاجرت آن بین بخش جنوبشرقی دریای خزر و آب شیرین
مریم برزگر عباس بزرگ نیا روقیه سیف پور بهیار جلائی -
Open Access Article
25 - ژئوتوریسم استان مازندران با تاکید بر بندر نوشهر
پرویز کردوانی عبدالرضا فرجی راد بهنام کاوسی -
Open Access Article
26 - بررسی و تحلیل رژیم حقوقی دریای خزر با توجه به منافع حداکثری جمهوری اسلامی ایران؛ با محوریت راهبردهای ملی و تمامیت ارضی
زینب فیروزی -
Open Access Article
27 - تحلیل حقوقی قرارداد بیع متقابل در بهرهبرداری از مناطق نفت و گاز دریای خزر با تأکید بر حفظ تمامیت ارضی ایران
محمد مهدی یحیی پور سیده آمنه قیامی تکلیمی عباس نجفی -
Open Access Article
28 - سهم ایران از دریای خزر همچنان در هالهای از ابهام
کیومرث یزدان پناه بهادر زارعی محمود واثق فتح اله دهقان -
Open Access Article
29 - رابطه بین وزن و میزان کادمیوم در ماهی کپور معمولی((Cyprinus carpio دریای خزر
امیر دژ آباد امیر اقبال خواجه رحیمی -
Open Access Article
30 - AppearanceTrends Of Gilland SkinIonocytes InThe Early Larval Development Of ZanderSander lucioperca
محدثه احمد نژاد شهربانو عریان محمود بهمنی محمد صیاد بورانیInroduction and ObjectiveZander, Sander lucioperca, is an economical fish in the Caspian Sea. Due to the decline of stock in recent years, fry with different weights are released into the rivers by Iran Fisheries Organization. Studyonosmoregulatory function especially i MoreInroduction and ObjectiveZander, Sander lucioperca, is an economical fish in the Caspian Sea. Due to the decline of stock in recent years, fry with different weights are released into the rivers by Iran Fisheries Organization. Studyonosmoregulatory function especially in developmental stages of larvae is essentialtorefinethe process offish into thefreshwaterorsaltwaterenvironments.Material and Methods: Development of gill osmoregulatory Function, distribution and density of skin ionocytes were examined by histology with E and H staining and immunolocalization of Na, K-ATPase, in Caspian Sea zander (Sander lucioperca) larvae from day 1 to day 11 after hatching. Results: Development of filaments was started from 4th days but immunopositive ionocytes were not observed in them. It was found weak immunofluorescence in filaments on the 8th days. The first buds of lamella were appeared with very poor immunofluorescence on the 11th days. Predominant distribution of the skin ionocytes was limited to the yolk sac membrane to 8 days after hatching and then tended to ventral region of posterior end of body. Skin ionocytes abundance and surface occupied by them increased from the first day to 11 days after hatching.ConclusionIn Caspian Sea zander larvae, development of osmoregulatory function of the gill had not been complete up to the 11th days and the skin ionocytes were responsible for osmoregulation until this age. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Study on Gill Tissue Lesions in Kutum (Rutiluskutum) Fry During Exposure to Heavy Metals, Iron and Zinc
Nikta Mehdipour syeid Ali Akbar Hedayati MohammadReza ImanpourInroduction & ObjectiveThis studyaimed to investigate the effects of heavy metals such as iron and zinc on the gills of fish Rutiluskutum.Inthis regardMaterials and Methods:120kutum were prepared with laboratory conditions testing in 30 days at concentrations of FeCl2 1 MoreInroduction & ObjectiveThis studyaimed to investigate the effects of heavy metals such as iron and zinc on the gills of fish Rutiluskutum.Inthis regardMaterials and Methods:120kutum were prepared with laboratory conditions testing in 30 days at concentrations of FeCl2 19.5 mg/L and ZnCl2 3.9 mg/L.Tissue samples were caught at three periods of 7, 15 and 30 days.ResultsThe results indicate that with the progresses of exposure time for iron, damage to gill tissue were more severed such as hypere mia and hemorrhage, fractures and connectivity of secondary lamella and secondary lamella shortening, bladegill, lamella of swollen multi-cellular. So in 30 days , the maximum deta chmentw as seen in primary and secondary lamella. Conclusion: The amount of gill tissue damage of various concentrations metals were as follows: Fe>Zn respectively and in zinc treatment was increased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - تجارت طبرستان از اسپهبدیه(466-606 هـ)تا برآمدن صفویان
محمد حیاتی قنبرعلی رودگر -
Open Access Article
33 - Caspian Sea paleofluctuation reconstructing during the Quaternary period
Homayoun Khoshravan Somayeh RouhanizadehThe reconstruction of the Caspian Sea water level fluctuations in the Quaternary period is the main objectives ofthis research. Thus, with the study of biofacies on 254 cores samples associate to exploration wells (Mazandaran1 and Gorgan 3 - A) and 150 sediment samples MoreThe reconstruction of the Caspian Sea water level fluctuations in the Quaternary period is the main objectives ofthis research. Thus, with the study of biofacies on 254 cores samples associate to exploration wells (Mazandaran1 and Gorgan 3 - A) and 150 sediment samples which have been collected from depths of 10 to 800 meters fromthe sea bed of the Caspian Sea bioindicators and sedimentary indexes were identified. The results of studies ofthe Quaternary sediments showed that gastropod species are the most important biological evidence for thereconstruction of sea level changing of the Caspian Sea. Also there are alternatively fluctuations in this regionthat were affected by global climatology impact. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The Effect of Heavy Metals (Cu, Cd, Zn, Cr , Ni) onDiversity and Density of Benthic Foraminifera in the Sediments of the Southern Coast of Caspian Sea (From Abbas-Abad to Ramsar)
Mona Eghbali Setareh Piroozmanesh Babak Moghaddasi Masomeh Sohrabi Pargol Ghavam MostafaviIn order to identify and assess the relationship between Benthic Foraminifera with environmental factors andheavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cr and Cu) the effects of these metals on the variety and condensation of BenthicForaminifera on the southern coast of the Caspian S MoreIn order to identify and assess the relationship between Benthic Foraminifera with environmental factors andheavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cr and Cu) the effects of these metals on the variety and condensation of BenthicForaminifera on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea (between Abas Abad and Ramsar) were studied. Sampleswere gathered in May 2012 from 5 transects at four depths (5, 10, 15 and 20 meters). The extent ofenvironmental factors of sea floor adjacent waters such as electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, temperature,acidity (pH), dissolved oxygen during sampling and concentration of heavy metals, total organic matters(T.O.M) and the diameter of sediment particles were determined through laboratory procedures. Averageconcentration for the heavy metals were Pb 48/08, Cd 3/30 and Cu 20/86,Zn 64/76, Ni 36/50 and Cr 36/92 partsper million (ppm), also the mean diameter of the sediment particles was 0/21 mm and the average percentage ofthe total organic matter was 3/59. Average water temperature near the sea floor was 26/09 ° C, EC 18/62 µs/cm,salinity 13 parts per thousand, acidity 8/34 and dissolved oxygen 9/98 milligrams per liter. Results from thedensity and diversity of Foraminifera show a dominant species of Ammonia beccarii from the four species ofbenthic. It shows that this species belongs to three genera of 3 families coming from the same line. Most of thedeposits in this region were fine sand, very fine sand, silt, and clay. Results show an increase in the frequencyand density of Foraminifera with the increase of silt and clay. Positive correlation between the diversity ofForaminifera and environmental factors like dissolved oxygen, organic matters, depth and electricalconductivity in the region under study shows an increase of condensation of this group with an increase in theextent of the factors pre-mentioned. Also a negative correlation between the diversity of Foraminifera, Zn andCr shows a decrease of condensation when these metals increase. Finally no significant difference or correlationwas seen regarding the diversity of Foraminifera, environmental factors and heavy metals. . Also Chromiumshowed noticeable difference in the depths under study as in deeper depths the amount of Cr decreased.. Finally,the existence of Benthic Foraminifera with morphological abnormalities in the structure of the crust in thisregion indicates the presence of pollution in the sea floor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Seismic vulnerability hazard assessment of south coastal on the Caspian Sea
همایون KHoshravan جواد Malek حامد Barimani احمد HashemiThis research has directed to gain the seismic instability hazard assessment in the southern coastalprovinces of the Caspian Sea as main target. Main active faults have been recognized by correlationthe seismic source points with faults location map. Mazandaran great fa MoreThis research has directed to gain the seismic instability hazard assessment in the southern coastalprovinces of the Caspian Sea as main target. Main active faults have been recognized by correlationthe seismic source points with faults location map. Mazandaran great fault, Alborz, Lahijan, Badeleh,Lavij and Astara was known as the most active faults during the Quaternary period. High vulnerablearea has been distinguished by applying seismic occurrence probability with magnitude more than 5Richter. Then geotechnical hazard degree has been evaluated by overlapping the other informationlayers such as: topography, slope and its direction, sediments composition, precipitation amount, roadsand construction, land use and water table condition in the universal ranking model in the geographicalinformation system. Data results as GIS maps show that the seismic hazard risk is relatively highgrade at near the main faults (Mazandaran great fault, Astara and Lahijan faults). The occurrenceprobability of land slide is concentrated near the centre part of the southern coasts of the Caspian Sea(Noor- Neka) and along the Gorgan plain with lose sediment.Other geotechnical hazard events suchas: liquefaction and settlement are dominated along the east part and west part of the study area(Amirabad- Babolsar, Talesh, and Astara) with high concentration of sand sediment near the beachand rivers mouth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Environmental effects on wetlands southeast of the Caspian Sea.
عطااله Najafi-Jielani مرتضی Monshi zadeh -
Open Access Article
37 - Correlation of biotic and abiotic parameters by principal component analysis method in the southern region of the Caspian Sea
smv farabiThe biological organisms (phytoplankton, zooplankton, Macrobenthos and ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi) along with some non-biological factors (Physico-chemical parameters and pollutants) of water were investigated in the Caspian Sea during 2007-2008. The sample station wa MoreThe biological organisms (phytoplankton, zooplankton, Macrobenthos and ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi) along with some non-biological factors (Physico-chemical parameters and pollutants) of water were investigated in the Caspian Sea during 2007-2008. The sample station was located between 48° to 54° longitude and 36° to 39° latitude. The samples were gathered in four seasons and eight transects (half-line perpendicular to the coast) in Astara, Anzali, Sefidrud, Tonekabon, Noshahr, Babolsar, Amirabad and Turkmen. Sampling was done of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 M depth of different layers. Nonparametric test and multivariate analysis (PCA) were run. The results showed that some water physico-chemical factors including organic nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen (ammonium), salinity, water temperature were more important than other factors. Also, the abundance and biomass of M. leidyi depended on water temperature and nitrogen compounds, which have resulted in a change in abundance, biomass and species composition of marine plankton. So that the number of zooplankton species before the arrival of M. leidyi was 50 species, and only 10 species were observed in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Genetic variability and differentiation of golden mullet (Liza aurata) in seashore of Mazandaran province using microsatellite molecular
Mohammad BehroozAbstractGenetic structure of golden mullet, Liza aurata, was investigated in the Ramsar and Fereidunkenar shores using 6 microsatellite markers designed for gray mullet (Mugil cephalus) and hand mullet (Mugil soiuy). Totally, 60 samples of adult golden mullet were colle MoreAbstractGenetic structure of golden mullet, Liza aurata, was investigated in the Ramsar and Fereidunkenar shores using 6 microsatellite markers designed for gray mullet (Mugil cephalus) and hand mullet (Mugil soiuy). Totally, 60 samples of adult golden mullet were collected from these regions. All primer sets as polymorphic loci were used to analyze the genetic variation. Analyses revealed that average of alleles (Na) per locus was 6.2 (range 3 to 9 alleles). All sampled regions contained private alleles. The average estimates of inbreeding coefficient (Fis) values of 6 microsatellites were positive. The average observed and expected heterozygosis was 0.394 and 0.743 respectively. Deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were in all cases (P<0.001). F-statistics (Fst) and gene flow (Nm) estimates in allele frequencies were 0.078 and 2.9, respectively. Rst and Fst estimates in AMOVA indicated significant genetic differentiation among regions (P≤0.01). Genetic distance was 0.679, indicating that the genetic difference among the studied populations is pronounced. The data generated in this study provides the genetic variation and differentiation in populations of golden mullet in the southern Caspian Sea (Mazandaran province). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The combined effects of photoperiod and feeding regime on the growth and parr-smolt transformation in Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius)
معصومه بحرکاظمی فرهاد جوانی محمدتقی فرهادیTo examine the combined effects of photoperiod and feeding regime on the growth and off-season parr-smolt transformation of juvenile Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius), fish of 5.85±0.13g were reared under four different photoperiods (Light: Dark, L:D) cy MoreTo examine the combined effects of photoperiod and feeding regime on the growth and off-season parr-smolt transformation of juvenile Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius), fish of 5.85±0.13g were reared under four different photoperiods (Light: Dark, L:D) cycles (24L:0D, 16L:8D, 12L:12D, 8L:16D) and were fed with two foods (French and Iranian) which were broadly similar in composition, for 110 days. A CRD design in factorial method including the four photoperiod regimes and two foods, with three repeats and ten fish was used in this experiment. Results showed that fish which fed by both French and Iranian foods grew best and reached to smolt stage faster in (16L:8D) photoperiod. Although, the higher weight (11.03±0.06g) and length (4.64±0.28 cm) gain were observed in fish which fed by French food, but they did not significantly differ from the fish which fed by Iranian food (P>0.05). Condition factor (CF) was lower in the 16L:8D photoperiod than other treatments in both groups of fish without significant difference (0.84±0.06, 0.89±0.01%). Also, the lower feed conversion rates (FCR) was measured in (16L:8D) in French food which was significantly different from Iranian food. The higher amount of growth hormone was recorded at 17 January and the Na+, K+-ATPase activity was higher at 20 April without significant differences between two groups of fish. Also, the higher amount of growth hormone and ATPase activity were recorded in (16L:8D) without significant differences between two groups of fish. Our finding indicated that both French and Iranian foods can be recommended in the production of off-season Caspian brown trout smolts in the (16L:8D) photoperiod. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Survival and pathology of gill tissue of juvenile Rutilus kutum from artificial propagation under stress with mud pollution and water salinity
smv farabiAbstract Pathology of the gill tissue of juvenile Rutilus kutum obtained from artificial reproduction was carried out with the aim of determining the percentage of survival when released into natural environments. Juveniles were provided from the Rajai's fish propagati MoreAbstract Pathology of the gill tissue of juvenile Rutilus kutum obtained from artificial reproduction was carried out with the aim of determining the percentage of survival when released into natural environments. Juveniles were provided from the Rajai's fish propagation center and then examined in Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center laboratory under conditions simulated with the natural environment. The juvenile fish had an allometric growth trend in the conditions of rearing in earthen ponds. The juveniles were investigated on three weight group (200<400, 400<600, 600<1000 mg) and in fresh water and Caspian Sea water (12.5 ppt). Also, six turbidity levels (50 FTU, 430FTU, 2600 FTU, 7800 FTU, 15600 FTU) were probed in freshwater during 168hr. Each treatment had three replications. The results showed that there was a significant difference among treatments in the different levels of factors, (p<0.05). The juveniles' survival rate has decreased than control treatment in brackish water and turbidity in freshwater. It was demonstrated that with increasing fish weight, therefore, the survival rate is increased. However, gill tissue of juveniles under turbidity and salinity stress became short (necrosis) and thick (edema and hyperplasia) in the end of experiments. The juveniles gill tissues were not changes in the river clear freshwater. Although the survival rate of juveniles is acceptable in this study, but there was abnormal changes in the structure of them gills. The little changes were observed in group of 600-1000 mg. It appears that these changes will cause a disruption in the trend of juvenile fish growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Diatom community in Bandar Anzali and Sefid Rood area of the southern basin of the Caspian Sea in 2021
Fatemehsadat TahamiThe coastal areas of the Caspian Sea are a natural evolved ecosystem and since it is the last recipient of land and sea pollutants, it is therefore constantly exposed to various threats.On the other hand, the condition of the shores of the Caspian Sea has undergone unfa MoreThe coastal areas of the Caspian Sea are a natural evolved ecosystem and since it is the last recipient of land and sea pollutants, it is therefore constantly exposed to various threats.On the other hand, the condition of the shores of the Caspian Sea has undergone unfavorable changes due to the introduction of man-made pollutants, and if this water area is misused, it will lead to serious environmental problems.This research was conducted in the southern shores of the Caspian Sea in order to investigate diatoms as the dominant group of phytoplankton in the Caspian Sea as the primary producers of aquatic ecosystems in the year 2021and in this research, first sampling was done by Rutner in two half lines perpendicular to the coast (transect) in Bandar Anzali and Sefid Rood at depths of less than 30 meters and more than 30 meters. In this study, a total of 19 species from the 10 genera Actinocyclus, Chaetoceros, Cocconeis, Coscinodiscu Cyclotella, Navicula, Nitzschia, Pseudonitzschia, Thalassionema, Thalassiosira from the Diatom phylum were observed and the highest density was at a depth of less than 30 meters in Sefid Rood at the rate of 43600000 numbers per cubic meter, and the lowest density belongs to the depths of more than 30 meters, and in both stations, the layer above 30 meters had more density. Due to different physical and chemical reasons of each region, there have been different differences in terms of population and mass of diatoms in terms of depth and station and different layers of water. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Evaluation of blood serum ionic and metabolic indices in Acipenser persicus captured from coasts of the Caspian Sea (Guillan Province)
ali HallajianAbstractIn this research, serum ions such as Calcium (Ca2+), Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Phosphorus (P), and Magnesium (Mg2+) and metabolic indices (cholesterol, total protein, albumin and osmolarity) levels of 34 Acipenser persicus captured by trawling method in Guil MoreAbstractIn this research, serum ions such as Calcium (Ca2+), Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Phosphorus (P), and Magnesium (Mg2+) and metabolic indices (cholesterol, total protein, albumin and osmolarity) levels of 34 Acipenser persicus captured by trawling method in Guilan Province were studied in three weight groups including group 1 (<100g), group 2 (100 – 500 g) and group 3 (>500g) during 2009 – 2012. Results showed that Mg2+, Ca2+, K+ and P showed significant difference between different groups (P<0.05), but Na+ showed no significant difference between them (P>0.05). In group 1, Ca2+and Mg2+ ions were more than the other groups. There was no significant difference in osmolarity, cholesterol and albumin between different groups, but there was significant difference in total protein level in group 1 with group 2 (P<0.05). Cholesterol and total protein levels were maximum at group 3, but albumin level was minimum at group 3. In group 1, fish were more sensitive than others to environmental conditions. Therefore, respecting to the relationship between ions and metabolic factors in growth, reproduction and osmoregulation in Acipenser persicus, results of this study can be used for investigation of health, diagnosis of pathogens and catch management of this species in the Caspian Sea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Comparison of the chemical composition and fatty acids profile of wild carp (Cyprinus carpio) in natural and cultivated environments
sara jorjaniAbstract[1]The present paper aimed at evaluating nutritional value and fatty acid profile of muscle textures of Caspian Sea wild carp and farmed wild carp. No significant differences were found between chemical composition indices (total lipid, crude protein, moisture a MoreAbstract[1]The present paper aimed at evaluating nutritional value and fatty acid profile of muscle textures of Caspian Sea wild carp and farmed wild carp. No significant differences were found between chemical composition indices (total lipid, crude protein, moisture and ash contents) (P>0.05). Following determination of fatty acid profiles in the Caspian Sea wild carp and farmed wild carp, fatty acid compositions in two groups of fish were found to be significantly different in terms of various fatty acid groups and ratios. In both fish, Palmitic acid (C16:0) and Oleic acid (C18:1 ω-9 cis) were found to be the most abundant saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, respectively. Saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) rates were estimated to be 26.71%, 52.57% and 17.68% in farmed wild carp and 22.78%, 40.53% and 25.06% in Caspian Sea wild carp, respectively. Oleic acid was significantly higher in farmed wild carp than the Caspian Sea one (P≤0.05). Linoleic acid (C18:2 ω-6) and decosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 ω-3) were the most abundant PUFA in farmed wild carp and Caspian Sea wild carps, respectively. ω-3 fatty acids were measured to be 15.79 and 6.16 gr/100 gr lipid in wild and farmed carps, respectively. ω-3 fatty acids content in Caspian sea wild carp was significantly higher than that of farmed wild carp (P≤0.05). ω-3/ω-6 ratio 1.69 and 0.76 in Caspian sea wild carps and farmed carps, respectively, that in both group exceeded the eligible rates proposed by nutritionists. PUFA/SFA ratios were 1.10 and 0.66 in Caspian sea wild carp and framed one, respectively; the rates exceeded the eligible rate (0.45) recommended by HMSO. Considering exceeding PUFA/SFA and ω-3/ω-6 ratios in both Caspian Sea wild carp and farmed wild carps, both fish were considered invaluable fisheries and nutritional resources. It is noteworthy that Caspian Sea wild carp is more nutritious than farmed counterparts thank to its higher rates of PUFA, ω-3, EPA+DHA, ω-3/ω-6 and PUFA/SFA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Bioaccumulation Lead and Zinc metals in the liver and muscle of Cyprinus carpio, Rutilus frisii kuttom and Liza auratus
ابوالفضل Askary Sary محمد Velayatzadeh The aim of this study was to determine Lead and Zinc contamination in the muscle and liver tissues of Cyprinus carpio, Liza auratus and Rutilus frisii kuttom in 2010. Thirty six samples were obtained randomly from Tehran Sarcheshmeh market. According to the More The aim of this study was to determine Lead and Zinc contamination in the muscle and liver tissues of Cyprinus carpio, Liza auratus and Rutilus frisii kuttom in 2010. Thirty six samples were obtained randomly from Tehran Sarcheshmeh market. According to the results, the mean concentrations of Pb and Zn in the liver and muscles samples were 2.19±0.58 143.86±12.61 mg/Kg, respectively. This indicated a significant (P<0.05). Moreover, highest concentration of Pb (6.63±0.15 mg/Kg) and Zn (319.66±3.05 mg/Kg) was found in the liver of Liza auratus. Meanwhile, the lowest concentration of Pb (0.41±0.11 mg/Kg) and Zn (10.80±1.50 mg/Kg) was determined in the muscle of Cyprinus carpio. The determined mean concentration of Pb and Zn in the liver and muscle of Caspian Sea fishes 2.19±0.58 and 143.86±12.61 mg/Kg. Data revealed that the concentrations of Pb and Zn were above the acceptable limit determined by NHMRC, UKMAFF and FDA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - تأثیر ضایعات چای بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی و فعالیتهای آنزیمی بذور هیدروپرایم شده لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) تحت تیمار شوری
مجید قنبری حسن پیرانی پرنیان طالبی سیه سران -
Open Access Article
46 - Analysis of evidence of climate change in southern coast of the Caspian Sea
Alireza Sadeghinia Mahdi Sedaghat Somayeh RafatiIn this study, in order to identify the most important evidence of climate change in the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, temperature and precipitation changes were studied using 20 indices during 1968-2017. The results showed that the intensity of precipitation signi MoreIn this study, in order to identify the most important evidence of climate change in the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, temperature and precipitation changes were studied using 20 indices during 1968-2017. The results showed that the intensity of precipitation significantly increased, but the number of days with precipitation significantly decreased. Despite the increase in rainfall intensity, the total annual rainfall has decreased, because of the number of rainy days and length of wet periods significantly decreased. Seasonally, spring rainfall decreased and summer rainfall increased. All the extreme temperature indices showed significant trends. On average, the increasing trends of the minimum annual temperatures and maximum annual temperature were 0.51 ° C and 0.31 ° C in per decade, respectively. The frequency of hot days and hot nights significantly increase with an increase rate of 1.5% and 2.7% per decade, respectively. Also, the frequency of cold days and cold nights significantly fell with a decrease rate of 1.1% and 1.3% per decades, respectively. In general, the heating trend of the nights was stronger than during the days. The warm spell duration index showed a clear increase, with a rate of 2.6 d per decade. Comparison of the results of this study with the findings of global studies showed that the increasing trend of temperature in the southern Caspian coast is in line with the trends observed in global studies, but the decreasing trend of precipitation in the Caspian region is opposite to the increasing trend of global precipitation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - نقش موقعیت و شدت مراکز پرارتفاع در وقوع دوره های خشک و مرطوب سواحل جنوبی دریای خزر
مهناز جعفری Shahriar Khalediدر این پژوهش با بهره‏گیری از داده‏های ایستگاهی و شبکه‏بندی شده و با استفاده از شاخص استاندارد شده Z (ZSI)، دوره‏های خشک و مرطوب سواحل جنوبی دریای خزر شناساییشد. سپس موقعیت هسته‏های مرکزیپرارتفاعبرایدوره‏های منتخب در ترازهای زیرین جو استخراج،و نقش Moreدر این پژوهش با بهره‏گیری از داده‏های ایستگاهی و شبکه‏بندی شده و با استفاده از شاخص استاندارد شده Z (ZSI)، دوره‏های خشک و مرطوب سواحل جنوبی دریای خزر شناساییشد. سپس موقعیت هسته‏های مرکزیپرارتفاعبرایدوره‏های منتخب در ترازهای زیرین جو استخراج،و نقشه پراکنش آن ترسیم شد. نتایج نشان داد در دوره خشک، موقعیت هسته‏ها در عرض‏های جغرافیایی پایین در محدوده بین 35 تا 55 درجه شمالی است. قوی‏ترین هسته‏ها در اطراف دریای خزر، نزدیک به منطقه مطالعاتیاست. در دوره مرطوب، استقرارآنهادر تمامی ترازها، در دو بخش است، یکی شمال‏غرب دریای خزر (جنوب‏غربی روسیه) و دیگری تاحدودی اطراف منطقهبا بیشینه تمرکز در محدوده 50 تا 60 درجه شمالی، است. قوی‏ترین هسته‏ها،با فاصله از منطقه،در شمال‏غرب دریاقرار دارند. روند فشار و هسته مرکزی پرارتفاع در دوره مرطوب افزایشی است. همچنین مقادیر نم‏ویژه در سواحل، بویژه در تراز 850 هکتوپاسکال افزایش داشته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Investigation of Climate Change on the Southern Coastal of the Caspian Sea Using SDSM, LARS-WG and Artificial Neural Network
Elham Ghasemifar Bohloul Alijani Mohammad SaligheIntroduction Average surface temperatures of the Northern Hemisphere have risen in response to climate change by 0.76°C over the past 150 years (IPCC, 2007) .These temperature increases have been accompanied by MoreIntroduction Average surface temperatures of the Northern Hemisphere have risen in response to climate change by 0.76°C over the past 150 years (IPCC, 2007) .These temperature increases have been accompanied by a reduction in snow and ice cover, retreat of sea ice and mountain glaciers, a longer growing season and earlier arrival of spring, increased frequency of extreme rainfall events, and more than 25,000 other changes in physical and biological indicators of global warming (Rosenzweig et al., 2008). Numerical models have used in such research after the late of year 1970s. The downscaling software such as SDSM,LARS_WG and ANN (Artificial Neural Network) became very common in the recent decades(e.g. Khan, et al., 2006).The results have showed that the SDSM is the most capable of reproducing various statistical characteristics of observed data in its downscaled results with 95% confidence level, the ANN is the least capable in this respect, and the LARS-WG is in between SDSM and ANN. According to Lopes et al (2008) in Assessment of climate change in Lisbon, the SDSM tool was able to better represent the minimum and maximum temperature whereas LARS-WG simulations is slightly better for precipitation. Material and methods This research has used downscaled methods for the minimum and maximum temperatures of five stations including Anzali, Rasht, Babolsar, Ramsar and Gorgan in the southern coastal of the Caspian sea by three models namely LARS-WG, SDSM and ANN during 1961-90 and 2010-2039 period under three scenarios of A1 , A2 , And B2 . For this purpose, first the observed data of 1961-90 period were obtained from Meteorological Organization of Iran. Since GCMs are restricted in their usefulness for local impact studies with their coarse spatial resolution (typically 50,000 km2) and inability to resolve important sub–grid scale features such as clouds and topography, the three downscaling models namely SDSM, LARS_WG and ANN were used to downscaling these coarse data. Two GCM data were obtained from the website: http://www.cics.uvic.ca/scenarios/index.cgi?Scenarios. Root Mean square error (RMSE), Mean absolute error (MAE) and Coefficient of determination ( ) were used to assessing the capability of the models. Result and discussions SDSM model results showed very small error ( 0.01 to 0.06°C) between observed and generate data using NCEP predictors-based data with a little more discrepancy using HADCM3 predictors-based data . The model output showed minimum and maximum temperature will rise during the future period with the exception of the months including April ,May and November. This warming trend was same for ANN with error range of 0.2 to 0.8°C. LARS-WG simulation showed temperature will rise for all months of the year with the error range of 0.1 to 0.2°C. The comparison betweem three models showed that the SDSM tool was able to better represent the minimum and maximum temperature. Conclusion According to this study the temperature increased during the target period. Temperature will increase during future period too.The SDSM and ANN model showed decrease in the temperature of the months including April, May and November. But the LARS_WG showed increase in the temperature in all month and all stations. The comparison of the models showed that the SDSM model has recorded the lowest error in the predicting of future temperatures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - FutureProjection of temperature and precipitation changes in the southern coast of Caspian sea
مریم کثیری مسعود گودرزی مسعود گودرزی غلامرضا جانباز قبادی غلامرضا جانباز قبادی صدرالدین متولی صدرالدین متولیTemperature and precipitation are among the most important climatic elements in the study of climate change due to significant temporal and spatial changes, and the projection of their changes is agreat importance in environmental planning and hazards. Therefore, in thi MoreTemperature and precipitation are among the most important climatic elements in the study of climate change due to significant temporal and spatial changes, and the projection of their changes is agreat importance in environmental planning and hazards. Therefore, in this study, future projection of temperature and precipitation changes in the southern cost ofcaspian sea was investigated. For this purpose, the data of CanESM2 model was used under three scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) using the SDSM downscaling model the temperature and precipitation changes in three different periods (2021-2050, 2051-2080- and 2081-2100) were examined in relation to the basic period (1989-2018). To calibration and validation the SDSM model, stationary observation data and NCEP data were used, as well as MAE, MSE, RMSE and R2 indicators. The results showed that the SDSM model has the ability to simulate temperature and precipitation changes in the study. Based on the results of the CanESM2 model output, the minimum and maximum temperatures will be increase in all studied periods and each period compared to the previous period, the average amount for the minimum temperature is 2 oC and for the maximum temperature, it will be 2.2 oC compared to the base period. Most of the temperature changes are related to the western regions of the study area. The projection of precipitation changes also shows that except ofGorgan station in other stations study, the amount of precipitation will decrease in all future periods compared to the base period, the average of which will be during the next period (2021-2100),Will be equal to 3.6%. Most of its changes are related to the central and western areas of the study area. Also, the RCP8.5 scenario showed the most changes in temperature and precipitation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - The Influence of Synoptic Flows on Sea Breeze in Caspian Sea Southern Coasts
ghasem Azizi Jafar Masoompour Samakosh Faramarz Khoshakhlagh Abbas Ranjbar SaadatabadiSea breeze is a local circulation taking place over the coastal areas. This phenomenon is as a result of the thermal dissimilarity between the land and sea. The study of SB characteristics in relation to synoptic-scale flows is important due to their influence on precip MoreSea breeze is a local circulation taking place over the coastal areas. This phenomenon is as a result of the thermal dissimilarity between the land and sea. The study of SB characteristics in relation to synoptic-scale flows is important due to their influence on precipitation, air pollution transport and diffusion and intensity of convection. The focus of this paper is on sea breeze (SB) characteristics during May-September and the effect of synoptic prevailing winds on this phenomenon in the Caspian Sea Southern Coasts. The data set including 168-days sea breeze for a period of 17-years (1990-2006) were determined over the southern coasts of Caspian Sea. All days under the study were investigated in order to determine the type of flows in the sea level and at the 850-hPa, and their impacts on the sea breeze as well as sea breeze developing towards the land. In order to obtain the best results, we employed the outputs of TAMP model as well. The wind regimes were classified into 2 categories (onshore and offshore). Finally, the main characteristics of sea breeze were tested include Mean lag of the SB passage, wind speed and direction at the onset time, Mean duration of the SB and sea breeze developing towards the land. It is found that in comparison with onshore synoptic flows, offshore flows postpone arrival and termination of SBs. On the contrary, the strong onshore flows accelerate the start of sea breeze. Three simulations presented in the case study confirmed the effect of sea surface colder temperature and thermal difference between land-sea across the coast on the weakness and strength of the sea breeze circulation; it means that when the offshore synoptic wind flow is mild and gentle, the thermal gradient of sea-land appears which is necessary for the beginning or end of the sea breeze circulation. The results showed when the prevailing synoptic winds oppose the sea breeze, the effectiveness and power of the sea breeze depends strongly on the inter-diurnal variations of the synoptic pressure gradient and temperature gradient between the land and sea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Evaluation of Geotouristic Capabilities of Mud Volcanoes Based on Pralong Model for sustainable development (Case Study: Southeast Caspian Sea)
sadroddin motevalliAbstract Geotourism has a special place in the sustainable tourism market. It is a type of tourism that preserves or strengthens geographical features including culture, aesthetics, land heritage and welfare of the inhabitants of an area. One of the most important issue MoreAbstract Geotourism has a special place in the sustainable tourism market. It is a type of tourism that preserves or strengthens geographical features including culture, aesthetics, land heritage and welfare of the inhabitants of an area. One of the most important issues in this regard is the lack of knowledge of geotourist attractions, sometimes their forgetfulness and, unfortunately, its destruction in some places. This research has been done with the aim of identifying and introducing the geotouristic features of these mud volcanoes, which can have therapeutic and economic value. The method of this research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical and field nature. In order to evaluate and rank the grades in the geomorphological locations of mud volcanoes, the Pralong method has been used. To achieve this goal, topographic and geological maps, the results of field visits and questionnaires have been considered as the main data and tools of the research. The results of Pralong method showed that each of the mud volcanoes (Qarniariq and Naftlijeh and Incheh Borun) with high tourist grade of 0.46, 0.44 and 0.43, respectively, have high tourist attraction and in terms of prioritization Qarniariq mud volcano is a priority for tourism. Accordingly, mud volcanoes have a high potential in attracting tourism, lack of proper advertising infrastructure, lack of amenities for tourists is the main reason for the lack of geotourism in the region. Keywords: Geotourism, mud volcano, Pralong method, Southeast of Caspian Sea Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - تأثیر ضایعات چای بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی و فعالیتهای آنزیمی بذور هیدروپرایم شده لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) تحت تیمار شوری
مجید قنبری حسن پیرانی پرنیان طالبی سیه سران -
Open Access Article
53 - بررسی خواص عملکردی پروتئین آبکافتی گاوماهی دریای خزر (Neogobius Caspius) توسط آنزیم فلاورزایم و تاثیر آن بر کیفیت ماست کمچرب
راحله رضایی سکینه یگانه زینب رفتنی امیری رضا صفری -
Open Access Article
54 - The Role of Iran in Security of the Energy in the Region and the World
Elaheh KolaeiIn spite of the numerous progresses which have taken place so far in supplying the needs of man the issue of supplying energy is having the highest priority for the countries of the world. For the big powers with world status like the United States which after the disin MoreIn spite of the numerous progresses which have taken place so far in supplying the needs of man the issue of supplying energy is having the highest priority for the countries of the world. For the big powers with world status like the United States which after the disintegration of the Soviet Union is making tremendous effort to organize a hegemonic order, the security of energy supply is occupying a more important place. The emergence of economic powers that are growing and flourishing stresses the need for strategic view point about the areas where energy resources are located in the world. In these situations the Russian Federation which has succeeded the former Soviet Union with its large oil and gas resources has tried to have an active role in regional and world competitions. Presently Iran's oil and gas resources like previous decades have played as an important factor in security of energy supply. An effective presence of the United States in the Persian Gulf particularly in Iraq and also Afghanistan has added to the importance of Iran in providing the security of the energy supply in strategically important place of the world. In the present article the author examines the impact of political and security change after the end of bipolar system on the role and impact of Iran in providing security of the energy supply. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - ژئوتوریسم استان مازندران با تاکید بر بندر نوشهر
پرویز کردوانی عبدالرضا فرجی راد بهنام کاوسی -
Open Access Article
56 - بررسی و تحلیل رژیم حقوقی دریای خزر با توجه به منافع حداکثری جمهوری اسلامی ایران؛ با محوریت راهبردهای ملی و تمامیت ارضی
زینب فیروزی -
Open Access Article
57 - تحلیل حقوقی قرارداد بیع متقابل در بهرهبرداری از مناطق نفت و گاز دریای خزر با تأکید بر حفظ تمامیت ارضی ایران
محمد مهدی یحیی پور سیده آمنه قیامی تکلیمی عباس نجفی -
Open Access Article
58 - سهم ایران از دریای خزر همچنان در هالهای از ابهام
کیومرث یزدان پناه بهادر زارعی محمود واثق فتح اله دهقان -
Open Access Article
59 - Legal regime of Caspian Sea: condominium, division, or continuation of multilateral cooperation
alireza poursheykhianIntroduction Before the 18th century A.D., the large enclosed today of Mazandaran sea belonged to Iran. After emerging Czarism in Russia and imposing the shameful treaty of Turkmenchay and Gulistan, the measurement and interests of Iran in Caspian Sea decreased g MoreIntroduction Before the 18th century A.D., the large enclosed today of Mazandaran sea belonged to Iran. After emerging Czarism in Russia and imposing the shameful treaty of Turkmenchay and Gulistan, the measurement and interests of Iran in Caspian Sea decreased gradually. After collapsing of the Soviet Union in December 1991, new governments emerged including Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Turkomania in the margin of CaspiamSea. In the current geopolitical situation, these countries old not act according to the concluded treaties between soviet union in 1921-1940 because they achieving their interests in Caspian Sea, thus, they asked to change the legal regime and to determine a new legal regime in Caspian Sea. Because of darn’s civil and geographical situation in the south margin of Caspian Sea, Iran recognizes that it is Iran’s natural right to attempt to determine legal regime of this sea and to achieve to its eligible national interests. Research Methodology * Responsible Author: arpoursheykhian@yahoo.com The article, through a suitable and proper scientific method, attempts to provide a descriptive and analytical explanation of data that have been collected from librarian resources, and then, by focusing on the different systems in terms of taking advantage of Caspian sea in common and distribution forms, it tries to present a new functional solution for costal countries in order to benefit from sources and interests of Caspian sea. Results Before the eighteen century, Iran was the exclusive owner of a huge part of Caspian Sea. When the Tsars came to power and the disgraceful treaties of Torkmanchai and Golestan were imposed on Iran, however, Iran’s space and interest were decreased gradually in the Caspian Sea. Although, as Southern neighbor, Iran later claimed 50 percent of the Caspian Sea, Russians, had given Iran a very small portion of this Iranian sea by imposing a hypothetical line of Astara-HoseingholiGulf. This issue has caused Iran to face difficulty using the resources even in this small portion of the sea. After the Soviet Union was disintegrated in 1991, Iran gained the opportunity to claim her lost rights in the Caspian Sea and expand her national interest in the sea. Like Russia, Iran’s stance was based on treaties of 1921 and 1940 indicating that all littoral States can enjoy joint use of the Caspian Sea. In new legal regime of the Caspian Sea, Iran, first, emphasizes the joint exploitation and the principle of joint ownership or proposes a just division of 20 percent share. System of joint ownership that is more emphasized by Russians, and supported by Iran and Turkmenistan, used to be desirable due to using water resources of the Caspian Sea. This system, however, is not very scientific and reasonable in exploiting the seabed in the present condition. On the other hand, the division principle proposed faces some problems due to lack of the principle of considering the equal rights of State members, the geographical shape of the Caspian Sea, and the length of the coast lines of the adjacent countries being different. To Iran, the division method they try to impose is not fair since Iran will lose the most. Conclusion Having the change in legal regime of the Caspian Sea delayed will reduce the feeling of responsibility of the littoral States for the preservation of the sea environment and will cause the constantly immethodical and destructive exploitation of the sea resources. Exploitation of the Caspian Sea in a joint system does not promote ownership feeling among the littoral States and decreases their responsibility in utilizing sea resources and preserving it.The use of the principle of division in the legal regime of the Caspian Sea is appropriate in case Iran gains a share of twenty percent. Since Iran is historically, socially, culturally, and politically different from other littoral States, the continuous bilateral or multilateral cooperation will be against its interests in such a way that they show less interest to Iran in their cooperation. Exploitation of the Caspian Sea in any way possible such as joint system, division principle, and bilateral or multilateral cooperation requires littoral states' cooperation. They need to cooperate with each other in order to keep the Caspian Sea a nonmilitary space, to preserve its environment, to reduce pollution, to stop superfluous fishing of biological resources, to produce and proliferate aquatics, and to control the fluctuations of water. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - -
parviz rezaei gholamreza janbazi ghobadi alireza jafarzadeh -
Open Access Article
61 - The study of water risis in Guilan province and the solutions
Parviz RezaeiOne of the must important elements in the comprehensivedevelopment in any region is undoubtedly the accessibility of the sweetwater. Guilan located in southern coasts of the Caspian Sea and in northerof Alborz receiving various moist sources, is one of the densely raine MoreOne of the must important elements in the comprehensivedevelopment in any region is undoubtedly the accessibility of the sweetwater. Guilan located in southern coasts of the Caspian Sea and in northerof Alborz receiving various moist sources, is one of the densely rainedareas in Iran. The presence of different rivers along with the height of thewater table has caused the growth of economic activities dependent onwater. So the abundant of water sources has stopped the officials to thinkof accessing new sources or adapting necessary measures and policies torationalize the use of water sources. Increasing growth of population, lackof adequate instruments for job creation, traditional methods of using watersources along with unplanned development of agricultured area havecaused different problems especially in recent years that precipitation wereinsufficient. This paper has tried to consider the role and place of thewaters sources in the future planning of the State. The research methods isbased on the descriptive statistical methods and analyze of the watersources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - شناسایی منبع اقتصادی تیتانیم و تعیین منشا آن در رسوبات ساحلی منطقه لاریم و فرح آباد (استان مازندران)
اعظم داودی راضیه لک -
Open Access Article
63 - Scientometric study of Iranian Marine Science researchers’ outputs on three water Bodies Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea in Web of Science during 1992 to 2013
Masoumeh Dalvand Maryam Keshvari Homira AgahPurpose: The aim of this study is investigating Iranian marine science outputs based on Science Citation Index-Expanded published by the Thomson Reuters and determination of the co-authorship Iranian marine researchers related to scientific outputs between 1992 to MorePurpose: The aim of this study is investigating Iranian marine science outputs based on Science Citation Index-Expanded published by the Thomson Reuters and determination of the co-authorship Iranian marine researchers related to scientific outputs between 1992 to 2013 on three water bodies Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Methodology: Scientometrics indicators were used. The data were extracted in plain text format from SCIE, analyzed using HistCite software and counted in MS office Excel program. Findings: The results of this study demonstrated that 749 scientific documents were recorded in the SCI by Iranian marine researchers during 1992-2013, which are consisted of 323, 368 and 58 documents relevant to the Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, respectively. The highest participation rate belonged to the documents with three or five authors, While the highest co-authorship rate (99%) in the three water bodies occurred in 2013. Our study on the three water bodies data based on Bradford’s and Lotka’s laws indicated the rejection of Lotka’s laws and confirming Bradford’s rule. Among the three water bodies during the study period, the Caspian water basin allocated the highest authors (819) and authors with highest publications (17 papers). Our findings demonstrated that Malaysian and German authors took the leading position of participation (48%) with Iranian researchers in scientific marine productions. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences allocated the highest number of Iranian marine science output in comparing with other studied journals. Conclusion: The literature and co-authorship factor on the Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea have grown exponentially during the sutdy period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Fatty Acid Profile in the Phytoplankton of the South Coast of the Caspian Sea (Noshahr Reign)
Nakhshe A. R. Mousavi NadoushanFatty acids profile of phytoplankton was studied in the spring and summer in the Caspian Sea in 1394, in order to evaluate seasonal changes. Sampling was performed in three repetitions, for each season (noshahr area). The volume of water that filtered by filtration devi MoreFatty acids profile of phytoplankton was studied in the spring and summer in the Caspian Sea in 1394, in order to evaluate seasonal changes. Sampling was performed in three repetitions, for each season (noshahr area). The volume of water that filtered by filtration device was about 25 liters. The profile of fatty acids for samples were obtained by GC/mass. The results that were related to the profile of fatty acids in the spring and summer showed that the overall percentage of saturated fatty acids (SFA) were %54.5 and %32.3, respectively. Mono unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were %30.22 and %37.39 and poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were %15.31 and %16.67, respectively. It was observed that SFA in the spring, MUFA and PUFA in the summer showed high levels. Some of the essential fatty acids such as Omega-3 (EPA and DHA) that play a main role in the food chain and human health increased in the summer. Statistical analysis suggested that there was no significant difference between spring and summer for total fatty acid groups, but some important fatty acids, such as Palmitic acid, Oleic acid and DHA, showed significant difference between two seasons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Reproduction biology wild common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the Caspian Sea coast (Mahmoud abad town) Mazandaran province
A. Vosooghi A. Matinfar T. MaddahThis study was carried out in the southern Caspian Sea water ( Mazandaran province) Mahmooud Abad town on Cyprinus carpio between Ganuary 2006 to Ganuary 2007. The samplings were monthly and speciemens were collected from beach seinecatch in the Mahmooud Aba MoreThis study was carried out in the southern Caspian Sea water ( Mazandaran province) Mahmooud Abad town on Cyprinus carpio between Ganuary 2006 to Ganuary 2007. The samplings were monthly and speciemens were collected from beach seinecatch in the Mahmooud Abad area. Clocetively . 134 specimen of Cyprinus carpio were obtain. The biometric parameters including:, FL, body weight, aging (using scale), sexuality, gonad weight and maturing stages specimens were determine .Mean of fork length for male and female 39.85±5.45 and 40.59±4.08 respectively and body weight for male and female 961.45±306., 1020.01±320.14 gr recpectively. Age composition of all speciemens ( male and female ) belong to different age groups: 3 (%9 ), 4 (%22.4 ), 5 (%39.6 ), 6 ( %23.9) , 7 (%5.2). We could recognized sexuality in all (134) speciemens . Male provide 48.5 and females 51.5 percent of the catch. The avrage of absolute fecundity was estimated 85245 eggs and the range of relative fecundity was estimated 81747 eggs. in stage of maturation all speciemens were exmined ( 5 stage method ) but only tree stage ( 3 , 4 , 5 ) were observed. The GSI determines that the spawning season commences in the April until the end of summer and autumn and winter the higher levels of GSI and developed classes of ovary maturation were observed in April and May and was reduced which indicate the spawning in this months. The mean Kf for male and for female 1.19±0.12 , 1.29±0.15 respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Temporal and Spatial Variability of Non-Living factors, Chlorophyll a and Pelagic Primary Production in Sefid-Rood River Estuary
M. R. Rahimibashar A. Esmaeili Sary S. M. R. Fatemi S. A. NezamiSefid-Rood River Estuary is the most important riverine ecosystem in the south Caspian Sea. The aim of this study was to examine spatial and temporal variability of physical and Chemical factors, Chl-a and pelagic primary production during a year (November 2004 to Octob MoreSefid-Rood River Estuary is the most important riverine ecosystem in the south Caspian Sea. The aim of this study was to examine spatial and temporal variability of physical and Chemical factors, Chl-a and pelagic primary production during a year (November 2004 to October 2005) in five sampling stations in the Sefid-Rood River Estuary. Annual means (±SD) Physical and Chemical factors were: temperature 17.2±8.6 °C, Surface salinity1.77±1.32 ppt, battom salinity 2.79±3.27 ppt, turbidity 311.86±345.18 FTU, water tranprancy 36.5±25.33 cm, Do 8.69±2.88 mgL-1, 0.512±0.66 mgL-1, Sio2 5.68±1.91, TP 0.136±0.103 mgL-1, T.O.C. 10.3±9.9 mgL-1 and Chl. a 4.44±7.45 μgL-1. Minimum was zero in October and maximom in the September 22.85±2.5 μgL-1. There was a Spatial variability along the estuary and high level Chl. a determined in the river mouth (Station 4) with 7.5±10.65 μgL-1. Primary production determined in this estuary by dark and light bottle method and GPP 38.27±34.12 mgcm-2h-1 and NPP 201.6±289.9 mgcm-2d-1. Everywhere in this estuary nutrients appeared to be in excess to algal requirement and did not influence in Chl. a and primary production. The most important factor that influenced Chl. a was water temperature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - The synoptic study of heavy rain fall (200mm or more during 24 hours) over the southern coasts of Caspian Sea due to mean temperature of thickness 1000/500mb, in 2th of October 2001
H. Ardakani M. Poratashi M. KheirandishThe mean annual precipitation over the southern part of Caspian coastal area is around 1000-1500 mm; therefore, this amount of precipitation is very important and is a considerable point of attention. With reference to statistical data, during 30 years (1972-2001), it MoreThe mean annual precipitation over the southern part of Caspian coastal area is around 1000-1500 mm; therefore, this amount of precipitation is very important and is a considerable point of attention. With reference to statistical data, during 30 years (1972-2001), it showed that there were only 10 cases of similar events. We found that, best synoptic patterns for this condition is the mobile cold anticyclones which is moving almost rapidly from Europe and Scandinavia to the north of Black Sea and then moving to the Caspian Sea. These anticyclones have strong cold advection in eastern part and warm advection in the western part and their pressure center are about 1040 mb or more. But those anticyclones are very slow moving or almost stagnant over the area and could not cause these events. The upper-air chart showed that, spatial axis of upper ridge over them is a normal baroclinic condition. The value of cold advection in eastern part of anticyclones computed from 700 mb was -12ºc/12hours, but warm advection in western part of them, were not the same values. Consequently, the month of October is the most effective with compassion of the other months, because, during the summer times (July, August, September). The thermal low over the country frequently extending over the Caspian Sea and SST will increase, so, such patterns with strong cold advection, will cause severe instability over Caspian Sea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Fatty acid composition in Acartia tonsa - South Caspian Sea (Noshahr)
S. Sarkeshikian R. Mousavi NadoushanIn this study, fatty acid profile of Acartia tonsa in the summer and spring of 2015 in the Caspian Sea (Noshahr) was studied. Sampling was performed below the surface of the water by special zooplankton sampling net (100 microns). .Acartia tonsa samples were isolated, f MoreIn this study, fatty acid profile of Acartia tonsa in the summer and spring of 2015 in the Caspian Sea (Noshahr) was studied. Sampling was performed below the surface of the water by special zooplankton sampling net (100 microns). .Acartia tonsa samples were isolated, filtered and frozen for fatty acid examination and composition of fatty acids was investigated by GC/MS instrument. The results showed that total saturated fatty acids in spring and summer were 62% and 31,12% , unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were 23.89% and 26.11% and unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were 14.59% and 23.51%, respectively. Statistical analysis suggested that there was no significant difference between the independent groups of fatty acids in spring and summer except for some of the important fatty acids such as Myristic acid, Palmitic acid, Oleic acid, EPA and DHA which were significantly different in two seasons. The reasons for the differences in the composition of fatty acids are probably related to seasonal changes, availability of food resources, and the composition of fatty acids in the food supply and density of phytoplankton species in each season. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Study of influence of Arctic Oscillation (AO) Index on Siberian High Pressure and their probable impacts on precipitation in southern coastal region of Caspian Sea
T. Azizian A. AskariIn this research, to investigate the relationship between AO (Arctic Oscillation) index and Siberian high pressure and the impact of it on the amount of rainfall in seven synoptic stations that have the ability to cover the southern coasts of Caspian Sea, we used 30- ye MoreIn this research, to investigate the relationship between AO (Arctic Oscillation) index and Siberian high pressure and the impact of it on the amount of rainfall in seven synoptic stations that have the ability to cover the southern coasts of Caspian Sea, we used 30- year period (1976 to 2005) precipitation data of those stations using correlation and regression analyses. We also used mean sea level pressure maps to analyze synoptically some special cases of extreme rainfalls. Our obtained results showed significant correlation at 95% level between extreme rainfalls and AO indices and also between rainfall and extreme AO indices in some stations of this region at monthly, seasonal and annual scales. In this context, using multiple regression analysis, rainfall was considered as the dependent variable and features of Siberian high pressure considered as independent variables. Results of this analysis showed that there is a strong relationship between precipitation and features of Siberian high pressure for eastern stations of the region under study in January and February. This relationship was quite evident for western stations in October. In most cases, coefficient of correlation of rainfall with central pressure of Siberian high was negative and, with latitude it was positive. Multiple regression analysis between AO indices and features of Siberian high pressure showed negative relationship between central pressures in Siberian high with AO indices and positive relationship between longitude of Siberian high pressure centers and AO indices in most months of autumn and winter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Variation of physical and chemical parameters by emphasizing on Nutrients in Southern Coasts of Caspian Sea
Parisa Nejatkhah ManaviCaspian Sea and its coastal areas are one of the most important ecosystems. There is great diversity associated with non-biological parameters of water, in this largest lake in the world. In this study the physical and chemical parameters, including nitrates, phosphate, MoreCaspian Sea and its coastal areas are one of the most important ecosystems. There is great diversity associated with non-biological parameters of water, in this largest lake in the world. In this study the physical and chemical parameters, including nitrates, phosphate, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, transparency, EC and pH were investigated. Sampling was performed in 2008 in thirteen regions from Astara to Khajenafas in the south coastal waters of Caspian Sea. There were three stations in each area and sampling was done from surface waters (5 and 10 m) from each station. In this study, the mean temperature, salinity, pH, EC, water transparency, dissolved oxygen, nitrate and phosphate were 19.6 ° C, 11.8 ppt, 8.7, 17.28 (mm/cm), 82.23 cm, 6.22, 0.061 and 0.014 mg/l, respectively. Maximum and minimum of nitrate levels were 0.154 and 0.007mg/l in Kyashahr and Astara, respectively. The peak level of phosphate concentration (0.062mg/l) was found in Bandar Torkaman and the minimum level (0.001 mg/l) was obtained in the Anzali and Nashtaroud. The results show that concentrations of nitrate and phosphate were higher in south-east compared with south-west coast of the Caspian Sea. There was a significant difference in nitrate concentration in different regions (P< 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the concentration of nutrients in the water column (p>0.05). Results indicate that an increase in level of nitrate was found in compared to previous years. There were positive correlations in dissolved oxygen with nitrate levels and negative correlations with temperature and water transparency. Temperature, salinity and EC had positive correlation and the correlation of temperature with dissolved oxygen was negative. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Importance of gammarid ( Pontogammarus maeoticus) in larval bony fish diet at the coast of Khazarabad in Sari at southern Caspian Sea
M. S. Sadeghi B. Moghadasi N. Mooraki S. AsghariThe aim of this study was to determine the importance of gammarid (Pontogammarus maeoticus) in the diet of larval bony fishes, in the Caspian Sea. Sampling of coastal gammarus and larvae was conducted in two phases (December 1389 and April 1390), from 12 stations (in fo MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the importance of gammarid (Pontogammarus maeoticus) in the diet of larval bony fishes, in the Caspian Sea. Sampling of coastal gammarus and larvae was conducted in two phases (December 1389 and April 1390), from 12 stations (in four districts, each with 3 stations) in this study. Fish were caught at 0.5 to 1 meter depth, using a mesh cloth (the aperture diameter of one millimeter) of 0.5 × 1 meter dimension and were immediately fixed with 70 % alcohol and transported to the laboratory. Gammarus were caught from the coast sand using a handmade rectangular fishing net of one mm diameter aperture and 40×60 cm dimension. In the winter of 1389, 98 fish and in the spring of 1390, 107 species of fish were sampled. The sampled specimens included Liza saliens, Rutilus frisi kutum, Atherina boyeri, Benthophilus ctenolepidus, Gasterosteus aculeatus with the weight range of 0.45 – 3.25, 0.6 – 3.27, 0.81 - 5.88, 1.17 – 3.67 and 1.27 – 1.96 gram, respectively. In order to identify the fish species which are consumers of gamarids, gastro intestinal contents were analysed. The results showed that species collected have different amounts of coastal gammarus nourishment. In winter the highest amount with an average of 8.25 percent in 1389, related to Rutilus frisii kutum and in the spring of 1390 with an average of 1.92 percent related to Liza saliens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Investigation of the Caspian trophy in south coastal areas of Caspian Sea, A case study in Gilan province
A. Daryazadae Parisa Nejatkhah Manavi F. Rafiei F. Jamalzad Fallah S. M. SalavatianThe increase of organic and inorganic compounds in the river basin of the south coastal area of the Caspian Sea has been exacerbated by intensification of the Eutrophication process. In order to provide some useful data for planning of coastal management, the trophy of MoreThe increase of organic and inorganic compounds in the river basin of the south coastal area of the Caspian Sea has been exacerbated by intensification of the Eutrophication process. In order to provide some useful data for planning of coastal management, the trophy of the chlorophyll a, total phosphorus and total nitrogen were determined. The result of measuring three limnologic parameters (chlorophyll a, total phosphorus and total nitrogen) for a period of 11 months, were entered into the geographic information system during the spring of 2013 to February 2014. By determining the position of ten stations in south coast of the Caspian Sea, in Gilan province, from Khosk-Rood to Astara, their trophy status in terms of chlorophyll a, total phosphate, total nitrogen, as well as TSI index were determined. Based on the results of this study, among the three effective factors of trophic in the studied areas, in winter, the highest correlation was found between total phosphorus and total nitrogen of 47%. The annual survey showed a correlation between phosphorus and total nitrogen of 87%, followed by correlation between chlorophyll a and nitrogen of 56%. The results showed that, 39 and 61 percent of south coastal areas in Gilan province were oligotrophic and mesotrophic, respectively. The normal curvecomparison of total phosphate based on OECD standards, indicated a trend in coastal change from oligotrophic to mesotrophic, which can be a threat to the region Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Application of Caspian Sea SST and SLP data for studying drought in Mazandaran Province
M. Abediny H. Askary Shirazi A. RanjbarIn this research, application of seasurface temperature, sea surface pressureandprecipitationin theprovince ofMazandaranwasstudied. Meanmonthlyseasurfacetemperaturedatain30-yearperiodwas obtainedfrom NOAA. Thirty-yearaveragemonthlyprecipitationdata was taken frommeteoro MoreIn this research, application of seasurface temperature, sea surface pressureandprecipitationin theprovince ofMazandaranwasstudied. Meanmonthlyseasurfacetemperaturedatain30-yearperiodwas obtainedfrom NOAA. Thirty-yearaveragemonthlyprecipitationdata was taken frommeteorologicaloffice of Mazandaran provinceforBabolsar, Qharakhyl,Noshahrand Ramsar stations. The correlation betweenseasurfacetemperaturesand rainfallindifferent months inthe provincewas calculated. Ineachmonth,the thirddegreeregressionlinewasusedforstatisticalestimation. In thepresent study it wasshownthat there is negative correlation,with 95 percent confidence interval,betweensea surface temperatureof Caspian Seaagainstprecipitation and standardizedprecipitationindex inthe inMazandaran Province. It can be deducedthat decreasing sea surface temperature at different months of the year decreases precipitationand rising seasurfacetemperature increases rainfall. Sea surface pressure study also showed that increase in SSP increases rainfall and decrease in SSP increases drought in Mazandaran province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Oil Pollution and its Source in Sediments and Gammarus in Southern Shores of the Caspian Sea
E. Shirvani Mahdavi P. Nejatkhah Manavi A. Janparvar AydaniIn this study, the amount and type of oil pollution in Pantogammarus maeoticusand sediment of the southern shores of the Caspian Sea in four stations (Sari, Chalus, Anzali, Astara) in June 2015 were investigated. Samples were taken from sediment and Gammarus. and were f MoreIn this study, the amount and type of oil pollution in Pantogammarus maeoticusand sediment of the southern shores of the Caspian Sea in four stations (Sari, Chalus, Anzali, Astara) in June 2015 were investigated. Samples were taken from sediment and Gammarus. and were frozen and delivered to the laboratory. Oil pollution analysis of samples was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The amount of hydrocarbons in Gammarus of the Chalus station was significantly different (P<0/05) in comparison with the other three stations. The highest pollution level (10±0.1 ppm) was in Gammarus of Chalus station. There was no significant difference in the hydrocarbon levels of sediments in four stations. To determine the nature and source of contamination, the molar mass of hydrocarbons was investigated. In Astara and Anzali stations the molar mass of hydrocarbons were less than 20 and hence had petrogenic origin. In Sari and Chalus stations the molar mass of hydrocarbons were more than 20 and therefore had indigenous and human origin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Using amberlite XAD-4 to absorbtion of heay metals Co and Cu from Caspian Sea's water samples
M. Kashefi Asl N. SoofiWater pollution by heavy metals causes serious ecological problems in the world. Therefore, today determination of heavy metals such as Co and Cu in the environmental samples is required. Amberlite XAD-4 (polystyrene-divinylbenzene polymer) is a frequently used resin in MoreWater pollution by heavy metals causes serious ecological problems in the world. Therefore, today determination of heavy metals such as Co and Cu in the environmental samples is required. Amberlite XAD-4 (polystyrene-divinylbenzene polymer) is a frequently used resin in analyses methods, thanks to its good physical and chemical properties, such as porosity, high surface area, durability and purity. In this study, Co and Cu ions were adsorbed during passage through amberlite XAD-4 resin. Also the influence of pH was studied and the best pH for this study was between 6 and 7.5 with a recovery of higher than 90%. The proposed procedure was applied for Co and Cu determination by Flame Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) in natural water samples. The achieved recovery and its standard deviation, measured by standard addition technique showed that the proposed procedure had good accuracy, enrichmant factor, preconcentration factor and simplicity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Sedimentology and mineralogical characteristics of the coastal sediments in the southern part of the Caspian Sea (Iran)
H. BagheriCaspian Sea isa unique laboratory, for studying all aspects of oceanography and coastal geology. The main aim of this study was to investigate: textural andmineralogicalcharacteristics ofcoastlinedeposits in the south Caspian Sea. Initially, 100 sediment sampleswere tak MoreCaspian Sea isa unique laboratory, for studying all aspects of oceanography and coastal geology. The main aim of this study was to investigate: textural andmineralogicalcharacteristics ofcoastlinedeposits in the south Caspian Sea. Initially, 100 sediment sampleswere taken in summer2014, along 700 km of the southern Caspian Sea coasts (from HosseinGholi Bay to Astara, one sample per 5-8 km).In addition, after sampling, coastal geomorphology and structures were evaluated and manypictures were taken. Optical mineralogy and grain size analysis were performed on sediments. Heavy mineralsincluding ilmenite, magnetite and goethite, pyroxene, apatite, zircon and garnet and also light minerals included quartz, plagioclase, orthoclase, carbonate fragments and bivalveswere identified. Mapping the distribution of minerals showed that eastern coastline sediments are rich in light minerals and carbonate fragments derived mainly from the erosion of Kopeh-Dagh Mountains. The central and western coast is dominated by heavy minerals, primarily ilmenite and magnetite that are supplied by the Sefidrud River. The moderate abundance of light minerals in the central region results from the sediment flux of the rivers that drain the Cenozoic and Quaternary volcanic coverage and Mesozoic sedimentary deposits.A closer look and compliance with regional geological maps, mineral distribution and beach slope,it was found that in the regions of the study area that the sea slope in the shallow parts are steep and slope of the beach is gentle (east Mazandaran and central parts of gilan province) distribution of heavy minerals such as magnetite and goethite is higher than other areas, while the distribution of Gabbro-Dioritic, and carbonate fragments are more in steep beachareas andareas of sea bed with gentle slope (West of Gilan and Mazandaran). Also gravely coasts are formed in the steep sea bed and beach areas, as the small particles and light mineralsare washed away in these areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Synoptic analysis of Caspian torrential rains, Case Study: Winter floods in 2012 Noushahr
A. Mohammadi M. Salighe E. Hamidy A. HesamyTorrential rains in the southern Caspian Sea, has been of interest for researchers and different solutions have been offered. The analysis shows that thesuggested mechanisms are all derived from a single model. These theories are different only in appearance. This singl MoreTorrential rains in the southern Caspian Sea, has been of interest for researchers and different solutions have been offered. The analysis shows that thesuggested mechanisms are all derived from a single model. These theories are different only in appearance. This single model is the basic mechanism of the Caspian Sea rainfall in autumn and winter. Torrential precipitation more occurs in autumn and less in winter. In this paper, winter floods in Noushahr city in 2012 have been studied. By posing different theories governing the precipitation of the Caspian Sea, next to one another, the pattern was introduced for the torrential rains. Results indicated that the floods were caused by the passage of low pressure systems from the North Caspian Sea. Low pressure cold front has passed over Noushahr on 11 November 2012. The cold front on 12 November 2012, located near the center of Iran, at 35 latitude. With the influx of cold air behind the cold front caused floods in Noushahr city. Cold advection over the sea caused too much moisture absorption by the air. The results also showed that the ridge of high pressure that immigrated from the north Mediterranean had important role in the passage of the cold front is Noushahr city. The ridge is moving cold front to lower latitude finally passes through the north of Iran. The cause of ridge formation was cold air advection on the Caspian Sea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Food regim of wild Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Golestan Provise, Gomishan coastal area (Caspian Sea)
A. Vosoughi R. Mousavi Nodoushan E. Abbasi E. Zaree F. Alasvandi ToghyanThis research was conducted based on fishing season (autumn and winter) from October 2009 till March 2010 on 180 Wild Common carps (Cyprinus carpio) captured in the coast of Gomishan area in Golestan province,locate sout-east of Caspian Sea.Specimens were collected duri MoreThis research was conducted based on fishing season (autumn and winter) from October 2009 till March 2010 on 180 Wild Common carps (Cyprinus carpio) captured in the coast of Gomishan area in Golestan province,locate sout-east of Caspian Sea.Specimens were collected during 6 months (at least 6 times per month). All specimens were collected from beach seines in the field. Biometric parameters such as total length and weight were measured from all 180 collected specimens and registered in biometric forms. The autopsy was done and the guts were placed in 4 % formalin and transported to Biology Lab of Marine Science and Technology Faculty, North Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University. The the content of gut was emptied and examined. The gut relative length factor (RLG), gut vacuity Index (VI), gut fullness Index (GSI), frequency index (FP) of consumed food items & condition of factor (K) were determind. Statistical analysis was done using T-test and oneway ANOVA. Graphs were made software. The average of relative length of gut of all age groups (2+-10 years) was 1.67 ±0.11 cm; the results of statical tests were not significantly differents during various seasons (P> 0.05). The average of gut fullness index was 22.63 ±9.99; the results were significantly different during various seasons (P< 0.05). The (VI) was calculated 71.11%, which shows these species are abstemious. Gut content included Ploychaeta, Oligochaeta, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Ostracoda, Foraminifera, Gobiidae fish remains, Invertebrate eggs, Crab and Parts of plants. Greatest value of (FP) among all age groups belonged to Polychaeta (63.89%).Values of the index showed no significant different in the period (P>0.05). Polychaeta(63.89%) were the main food (FI>50%); Bivalvia(35.00%) , Parts of plants(34.11%) ,Balanus(16.11%) , Crab(32.22%) , Fish remains(44.22%), Oligochaeta(11.67%) , Invertebrate eggs(42.78%) , Gastropoda(36.67%) , Trematod(25.54%) and Ostracoda(12.78%) were occasional food (10%<FI<50%) , Cumacea(6.67) , Amphipoda(2.78), , Foraminifera(3.33) were random food (FI<10%). The average of index of (K) was 1.39 during the period which shows good nutrition in Wild Common carp. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Determination of Hg, Pb, Zn, Cu in muscle and liver of tissue of European Perch (Perca fluviatilis) in areas of Abkenar and Sheyjan of Anzali Lagoon in spring
A. Ashja Ardalan M.R. Sohrabi S. M. Mirheydari H. Abdollah BeikiAnzali Lagoon is one of the most important aquatic ecosystems of Iran located in south-west of the Caspian Sea. This Lagoon is a habitat for valuable fishes and aquatic animals which have an important role in life cycle of this ecosystem. In this study, sampling from E MoreAnzali Lagoon is one of the most important aquatic ecosystems of Iran located in south-west of the Caspian Sea. This Lagoon is a habitat for valuable fishes and aquatic animals which have an important role in life cycle of this ecosystem. In this study, sampling from European perch (Perca fluviatilis) was conducted in two areas of Abkenar (from western basin of the Anzali Lagoon) and Sheyjan (from eastern basin) in spring 2008. The aim of this investigation was to determination of heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Zn, Cu) in muscle and liver of Perch. 9 specimens of perch (1- +2 years) were sampled and transferred to laboratory for relevant analyses. During this investigation, the results in these areas were compared. The results showed that in muscle and liver of samples in Abkenar Cu determination 1.74 and 10.43 µg per gr wet weight, respectively, Pb determination was 0.68 and 1.82 µg per gr wet weight, Zn determination was 6.84 and 25.27 µg per gr wet weight and Hg determination was 0.013 and 0.024 µg per gr wet weight. Also in muscle and liver of samples in Sheyjan Cu determination was 1.23 and 8.72 µg per gr wet weight, respectively, Pb determination was 0.43 and 1.24 µg per gr wet weight, Zn determination was 5.32 and 21.36 µg per gr wet weight and Hg determination was 0.024 and 0.031 µg per gr wet weight. Results revealed significant difference using t-test between determination of heavy metals ( Hg, Pb, Zn & Cu) in muscle and liver tissue samples of the two areas(p<0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Temporal and spatial variation of Phytoplankton/Zooplankton Mass Ratio in Southern Caspian Sea, Iranian Coasts
H. Nasrollahzadeh A. Makhlough M. Rowshantabari F. EslamiAnthropogenic and eutrophication pressure impaired functional structure of plankton community and phytoplankton/zooplankton biomass ratio (BPhyt/BZp). This paper studied dynamic of BPhyt/BZp ratio in different parts of southern Caspian Sea. The current study took effect MoreAnthropogenic and eutrophication pressure impaired functional structure of plankton community and phytoplankton/zooplankton biomass ratio (BPhyt/BZp). This paper studied dynamic of BPhyt/BZp ratio in different parts of southern Caspian Sea. The current study took effect during four seasons at 8 transects in 2009-2010. Results showed that not only abundance but also species composition had the great effect on BPhyt/BZp ratio. An increase of Cyanophyta abundance (low individual weight) decreased BPhyt:BZp ratio (4) in summer. While the ratio (11) was increased during winter which it was related to increasing of chain-forming species of Bacillariophyta. Although the BPhyt/BZp ratio was lowest in west part of southern Caspian Sea, however the ratio did not show significantly variation among different parts of the study area. In 2009-2010, the ratio was increased with 3 and 7 folds with comparison to the pervious studies in 1995 and 1996, respectively. In a conclusion, increase of BPhyt/BZp ratio, Shannon diversity index of phytoplankton and decreasing of Shannon diversity index of zooplankton indicate to insufficient consumption process (grazing) and energy transformation from phytoplankton to zooplankton. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Study of effect of NAO Index on temperature and precipitation of southern coastal region of Caspian Sea in 1977-2009 periods
S. Tabarestani A. AsgariThe North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) is one of the effective indices in changing atmospheric situation of northern hemisphere .Southern coastal region of Caspian Sea is affected by different atmospheric systems and teleconnections such as NAO because of its special geog MoreThe North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) is one of the effective indices in changing atmospheric situation of northern hemisphere .Southern coastal region of Caspian Sea is affected by different atmospheric systems and teleconnections such as NAO because of its special geographical situation. In this research, precipitation and temperature data of southern coastal region of Caspian Sea are examined for 8 synoptic stations in 1977-2009 period. NAO index data are also received from cpc.noaa.gov website. Precipitation and temperature data were examined with their corresponding NAO indices data by correlation test in monthly and yearly time scales. Furthermore, we found that in this region, when NAO index increases, precipitation will increase and temperature will decrease and vice versa. During recent years, NAO index shows negative trend, so we expect decrease of precipitation and increase of temperature in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Study of Beach Seine Fishery Effect on Macroinvertebrate Community Changes in the South of Caspian Sea
M. Aghebaty M. R. Rahimibashar A. R. MirzajaniThis study was carried out for determining beach seine effects on the macroinvertebrate communities in Shohadaye Anzali -Shirin Mahale andestuaries of Polrud River study areas. In order to survey the effects of beach seine, samplings were carried out in selected station MoreThis study was carried out for determining beach seine effects on the macroinvertebrate communities in Shohadaye Anzali -Shirin Mahale andestuaries of Polrud River study areas. In order to survey the effects of beach seine, samplings were carried out in selected stations during the beach seine fishery season (October- March) and when no beach seine fishery was performed (June-September). Hence, four stations in Shohadaye Anzali - Shirin Mahale and three stations in Polrud River estuaries were chosen for sampling. Statistical analysis of data, normalization, correlation, mean comparison for different parameter used, was performed by applying Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (K–S test) and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, respectively. One-way ANOVA for comparison of means of each parameter, between stations, was used. Classifications of homogeneity of the groups of different benthic organisms throughout the stations were analyzed by Tukey’s test. The results of this study showed that there were significant differences in frequency and biomass of the macroinvertebrate species, during the the beach seine fishery season and after the closing of beach seine fishery (p< 0.05). The results also showed that there were no significant differences in species diversity index (p > 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Study on some heavy metals contamination and risk assessment in muscle tissue of Rutilus frisii kutum and Liza saliens of Caspian Sea
R. Pourgholam H. Nasrollalahzade Saravi M. Rezaei S. E. VarediRecently, the ecology of the Caspian Sea has undergone with increasing development of human activities and industrial wastewater discharges. Heavy metal compounds are undegredable pollutants and are able to accumulate in the environment. They can affect the food chain a MoreRecently, the ecology of the Caspian Sea has undergone with increasing development of human activities and industrial wastewater discharges. Heavy metal compounds are undegredable pollutants and are able to accumulate in the environment. They can affect the food chain and biological individuals such as fish species. 40 and 22 samples of Rutilus frisii kutum and Liza saliens were collected in central and eastern parts of southern Caspian Sea in 2008, respectively. All samples were analyzed based on standard methods using Atomic Absorption instrument (Thermo, M5 model). Results of this study showed that the amount of Zn in fish muscle of L. saliens was maximum (415.3±196.3 µg/g. dw). The concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd and Hg in fish muscle of L. saliens were 10.85 ±11.02, 0.41 ±0.84, 2.63 ±2.67, 0.63 ±1.07 and 1.30 ±0.16 µg/g. dw, respectively. The concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd and Hg in fish muscle of R. frisii kutum were 0.40 ±0.46, 0.0132 ±0.007 and 1.26 ±0.75 µg/g. dw, respectively. 7 heavy metals were below the established limits of different countries. The pearson correlation analysis showed that between Zn and Hg there were a significant negative correlation indicating a decrease of Hg toxcicity with increasing Zn concentration. THQs for individual metals were lower than USEPA guidelines value of 1 in young and adults human. Thus, consumption of 6 kg R. frisii kutum and/or L. saliens per capita cannot be risky for young and adults consumers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Study on RLG and GaSI of Atherina boyeri in Bishekola-Babolsar region,Caspian Sea
M. Aleali Daryani A. Aleali Daryani M. SalehiFrom autumn 2007 to summer 2008 gut content and some food indices such as relative gut length, fullness index and food occurance were analysed in 342 specimens of Atherina boyeri with local name of Shishemahi in Mazandaran province (Bitween Bishekolah to Bab MoreFrom autumn 2007 to summer 2008 gut content and some food indices such as relative gut length, fullness index and food occurance were analysed in 342 specimens of Atherina boyeri with local name of Shishemahi in Mazandaran province (Bitween Bishekolah to Babolsar) summer specimens were caught with small mesh beach seine and other Specimens were caught through seasonal sampling as a by catch in beach seen (Parreh).The average size of the fish caught was 99.68±11.23and the average weight was 5.77±2.13Mean value for relative length gut were calculated .46±.10 Relative length gut mean value in summer was 0.32and had high significant difference with this value in other season (P> 0.05). Between females and specimens with non-identical sex, this index show also significant difference (p<0.05). Mean value for fullness index was calculated 4.1±1.56.fullness index values between seasons were significantly different (P>0.05), but this index did not show any significant difference between different sexes (P≥0.05) n> بین جنسیت های مختلف و در آزمون T-test بین دو جنس نر و ماده تفاوت معنی داری نشان نداد( 05/0≤P) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Heavy metal contamination (Pb, Cu, and Cd) of Pontogammarus maeoticus (Gammarida: Amphipoda) in southwestern coasts of Caspian Sea, Ramsar to Anzali
K. Khaksar H. Negarestan A. Mashinchian MoradiThe aim of the present study was to evaluate Pb, Cu and Cd contamination of the amphipod species, Pontogammarus maeoticus in southwestern coasts of Caspian Sea. Sampling was done in two seasons, spring (March 2014) and summer (June 2014) in 3 sites of the southwestern c MoreThe aim of the present study was to evaluate Pb, Cu and Cd contamination of the amphipod species, Pontogammarus maeoticus in southwestern coasts of Caspian Sea. Sampling was done in two seasons, spring (March 2014) and summer (June 2014) in 3 sites of the southwestern coasts of Caspian Sea (from Ramsar to Anzali). Results showed that Cu concentrations were much more than the other two metals, and there was no significant difference among sites in this regard (P>0.05). However, Chamkhaleh possessed the least amount of heavy metals in the body of the gammarid species; and Anzali had the most concentration in the coastal amphipod species body.Concentration of lead, copper and cadmium in the body of P. maeoticus was 1.02, 95.61 and 0.81 µg/g in spring and 1.46, 93.91 and 0.74 µg/g in summer, respectively. The results were compared with EU, US and Australian standards. According to these standards Cooper concentrations were at target values and is not considered polluted. Lead in P. maeoticus passed standard level according EU standard for edible cephalopods and Australian standard for fish flesh. This was not the case for Pb in spring in Anzali station, accouding to EU cephalopod standard only. Lead was in acceptable concentration if compared with EU standard set for edible bivalve molluscs, Australian standard for edible molluscs, and US standard of AET. Also cadmium concentrations were more than maximum allowable in edible lobster as stated by EU standards. While other standards AET of US, Australian standard for edible molluscs, and EU standards for edible cephalopods, bivalves and fish consider the concentration of Cd in the P. maeoticus within standard limits. Considering the Pb and Cd contamination levels in P. maeoticus and international standards, it can be concluded that these two heavy metals can be at threatening level. Especially that this species is consumed by fish fingerlings of some popular teleost fishes of Caspian Sea, such as Kutum and Mullet. They might be able to pass to fish flesh and cause health hazards for fish consumers. It is suggested that further study be conducted on possible transfer roots of Pb and Cd from P. maeoticus to fish flesh, and also there is a strong reason to control heavy metal pollution of the Caspian environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - The effect high protein and feeding frequency on the growth and survival Kutum larvae in Caspian Sea(Rutilus frisii kutum,kamensky 1901)
E. Shahkar H. Khara M. Sudagar A. AzimiThis study had 8 treatments and 3 replications: Treatment A: one time feeding per day with SFK, Treatment B: two times feeding per day with SFK, Treatment C: three times feeding per day with SFK, Treatment D: four times feeding per day with SFK, Treatment E: one time fe MoreThis study had 8 treatments and 3 replications: Treatment A: one time feeding per day with SFK, Treatment B: two times feeding per day with SFK, Treatment C: three times feeding per day with SFK, Treatment D: four times feeding per day with SFK, Treatment E: one time feeding per day with mixture of SFK and fish powder (25% weight SFK), Treatment F: two times feeding per day with mixture of SFK and fish powder (25% weight SFK), Treatment G: three times feeding per day with mixture of SFK and fish powder (25% weight SFK), Treatment H: four times feeding per day with mixture of SFK and fish powder (25% weight SFK). Each of treatments in this examination were fed regularly at 8,11,14,17 hours. It’s necessary to notice that rate of feeding was based on 15 percent of weight of larval body fishes on a day. Results indicated that there was significant difference between weight and length gain (p<0/05). Fish larvae with one time feeding per day with SFK diet had the higher weight and length and fish larvale that fed with mixture of SFK and fish powder (25% weight SFK) had the most length and weight when they had feeding four times per day. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - A study on analysis of accumulation of Cd, Hg, Pb and (Zn) in shrimp muscle tissues reared in Kolahi and Caspian Sea shrimp (Palaemah eleyans) and Gomishan Vanami (Penaeus indicus)
M. Saghali L. Yadegariyan S. A. Hoseini N. MakhdoumiComparative study for heavy metals accumulation in the shrimp tissue P.indicus and Caspian sea native shrimp (Palaemon elegans) showed that presence of Zinc in a higher range (70.5mg/kg) in cultured shrimp in Kolahi center in compare to that in native shrimp species , w MoreComparative study for heavy metals accumulation in the shrimp tissue P.indicus and Caspian sea native shrimp (Palaemon elegans) showed that presence of Zinc in a higher range (70.5mg/kg) in cultured shrimp in Kolahi center in compare to that in native shrimp species , where as the result for Lead and Cadmium showed in reverse. No significant difference of Mercury concentration was observed in both of the shrimp tissue and in Caspian Sea the result of accumulation found negligible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Determination of heavy metals in Rutilus frisii kutum and Cyprinus carpio Fishes of Caspian Sea
A. ElsaghThe proteins in fish, as well as other aquatic animals has nowadays become an important protein source in many people's diets around the world and as a results, there has been a growing interest to ensure the health of this important food source. Heavy metals due to the MoreThe proteins in fish, as well as other aquatic animals has nowadays become an important protein source in many people's diets around the world and as a results, there has been a growing interest to ensure the health of this important food source. Heavy metals due to their specific physical and chemical characteristics as well as their effects on various ecosystems are considered as a major contaminant of marine environments. Therefore determining the level of heavy metals in water and aquatic species, as a link in the food chain of human beings, is of a great importance. In this study, levels of some heavy metals were evaluated,using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (A.A.S) technique, in tissues of two commonly consumed fish in Iran namely Rutilus frisii kutum and Cyprinus carpio collected from the south coastline of the Caspian Sea. The average concentration of Zn , Cd , Fe and Cu were detected as (μg g-1) dry weight of Rutilus frisii kutum’s tissues : 32.400 1.015, 1.205 0.157, 90.716 0.200 and 9.455 0.215 respectively. These values for Cyprinus carpio were detected as: 30.204 0.282, 1.353 0.179, 85.887 0.267 and 9.144 0.178. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Identification and determination of density and biomass of polychaetes in Chalus Shore, Caspian Sea
M. Tavoli M. MousaviFluctuations of density and biomass of polychaetes in four stations at southern Caspian Sea was measured seasonally. Sampling was conducted in February, May, August and November 2006. Benthic samples were collected with a Van Veen Grab sampler from depths of 7 and 20 me MoreFluctuations of density and biomass of polychaetes in four stations at southern Caspian Sea was measured seasonally. Sampling was conducted in February, May, August and November 2006. Benthic samples were collected with a Van Veen Grab sampler from depths of 7 and 20 meters along two transects, from western parts of the coast to Radio Darya area at the east. In the present study, 4 species, 4 genera and 2 families of polychaetes were observed, which were dominated by Parhypania brevispinis. The average maximum density of polychaetes was 3644.2 individuals per square meter (with standard error of 872.1) during Summer in the depth of 7 meters of western transect, while a mean minimum density of 133.3 individuals per square meter (with standard error of 28.9) was observed during Winter in the depth of 7 meters in the same area. Maximum average biomass of polychaetes was 1900 mg per square meter (with standard error of 740) during Spring in the depth of 20 meter of Line 8 area, while the minimum biomass was 30 mg per square meter (standard error was 20) during Winter in the depth of 7 meter in the same area. Generally speaking, the western part of Chalus Coast had more density and biomass as compared with the eastern part. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - An assay for detection the frequency of Campylobacter and Arcobacters from Caspian Sea by bacterial culture and PCR techniques
Fahimeh Ghorbani Moein Masood GhaneBackground and objective: Campylobacter spp. are important causative agent of gastric infection worldwide, and contaminated water and foods are the major transmission factors of this bacterium to human. The major purpose of this study was isolation, identification and c MoreBackground and objective: Campylobacter spp. are important causative agent of gastric infection worldwide, and contaminated water and foods are the major transmission factors of this bacterium to human. The major purpose of this study was isolation, identification and characterization of Campylobacter spp. and Arcobacter spp. from the samples obtained from Caspian Sea in the North of Iran. Materials and methods: 263 water samples were collected throughout four seasons. Campylobacter spp. and Arcobacter spp. were isolated using standard methods and were identified by Phenotyping tests. Finally, the identification of these strains was verified by PCR method. Result: Foloowing phenotyping tests and their confirmation with molecular technique, totally seven Campylobacter jejuni strains and 14 Arcobacter butzelri strains were identified. Based on the results, the prevalence of this bacterium in the coastal waters of the Caspian Sea were evaluated as 2.66 and 5.32 percent. Conclusion: It is the first time that Campylobacter jejuni and Arcobacter butzelri were isolated from Caspian Sea. The epidemiologic studies regarding to the ways of their entrance in an environment and their maintenance in the habitat assist activists to control the water qualification and prevention from distribution of infections. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - نگرشی بر دیدگاه های کشورهای اطراف دریای خزردرباره نحوه استفاده از منابع آن و مواضع ایران
علی اصغر اسمعیل پور روشن غلامحسین اسکانی -
Open Access Article
92 - تاثیرصنایع نفت وگازبراکوسیستم دریای خزر
غلامحسین اسکانی -
Open Access Article
93 - بررسی مقایسه وضعیت صید و پراکنش تاس ماهی روس (Acipenser guldenstaedtii Brant& Ratzeburg 1832 ) در صید شرکتی و ماهیگیران پره در سواحل جنوبی دریای خزر (آبهای مازندران)
محمد علی افرائی بندپی فرخ پرافکنده حسین طالشیان محمد رضا خوش قلب -
Open Access Article
94 - بررسی مرفومتریک و مریستیک در شناسایی گونه های جنس Alosa Clupeidae) ) درسواحل استان گیلان(جنوب غربی دریای خزر)
سید صمد حسینی آرش جیران کا مران عقیلی علی رضایی شیرازی -
Open Access Article
95 - بررسی برخی از خصوصیات مورفومتریک و مریستیک ماهی سیاه کولی خزری (Vimba vimba persa pallas, 1811 ) کوچگر به تالاب انزلی
سید صمد حسینی آرش جیران مانی مهین سید محمود عقیلی -
Open Access Article
96 - بررسی ارتباط بین آلودگی انگلی و فاکتورهای خونی سوف سفید دریای خزر(Sander lucioperca)صید شده از سواحل بندر انزلی
رشیده موحد حسین خارا محمد صیادبورانی محدثه احمدن‍‍ژاد مینا رهبر -
Open Access Article
97 - The Study of Hematology and Some of Blood Serum Factors in Caspian Carp, Cyprinus carpio
مجید محمدنژاد شموشکی ویدا حجتیSome hematological and biochemical blood factors of young Caspian craps (Cyprinus carpio) were measured in order toan average weight of16.98 andplusmn; 4.63 g and average length of 11.64 andplusmn; 0.88 cm was conducted. Fish were anesthetizedwithcloveoil, 200ppm and th MoreSome hematological and biochemical blood factors of young Caspian craps (Cyprinus carpio) were measured in order toan average weight of16.98 andplusmn; 4.63 g and average length of 11.64 andplusmn; 0.88 cm was conducted. Fish were anesthetizedwithcloveoil, 200ppm and thenshootofftheirtailblood samplingwas performed.The samplesweresentto laboratoryfor studythefactors.Results of hematology showed that values of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) are 7616.67 andplusmn; 982.68 (), 0.938 andplusmn; 0.16 (106/), 9.15 andplusmn; 1 g/dl, 24.25 andplusmn; 2.9%, 260.75 andplusmn; 25.34 ft, 98.51 andplusmn; 9.76 pg and 37.78 andplusmn; 0.95%, rrespectively. Also, results of blood biochemical factors showed that values of glucose, calcium, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, phosphorus, iron, albumin, sodium, potassium and cortisol are 124 andplusmn; 12.53, 8.2 andplusmn; 0.46, 163 andplusmn; 74.28, 262.67 andplusmn; 23.03, 2.73 andplusmn; 0.48, 16.4 andplusmn; 0.74 mg/dl, 74.5 andplusmn; 35.59 micg/dl, 1.82 andplusmn; 0.5 g/dl, 127.17 andplusmn; 3.6, 6.87 andplusmn; 0.7 meq/L and 9.8 andplusmn; 1.95 ng/ml, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Survey Effects of Benefited Gravels on Benthic Invertebrates in Tonekabon River
مژگان روشن طبریThis research was done for surveying effects of benefited gravels on benthic animals in Tonekaboon River in southern of Caspian Sea from 1382 to 1383. Seasonal sampling were done in two stations from upper and under the river and one station in benefited gravel area .th MoreThis research was done for surveying effects of benefited gravels on benthic animals in Tonekaboon River in southern of Caspian Sea from 1382 to 1383. Seasonal sampling were done in two stations from upper and under the river and one station in benefited gravel area .the samples catch from stations were included 14 families belong to 9 orders from benthic animals. The density of samples population, in first station between 1020 to 5740 N/m3, in second station between 47 to 1230 N/m3, and third station between 251 to 5577 N/m3, were counted in. The least of abundance and biomass were belong to second station and 5% of total benthoses in this area, were content. Because of subversion of habitat and unstable bed of the river and Seston increasing, abundance of benthoses was decreased extremely. The effects of bed destructed to bank of river were traced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Bacterial Study of the Caudal Fin Rot in Brood Stocks of Salmo trutta caspius from the Propagation and Breeding Center of Shahid Bahonar of Kelardasht Region with Emphasis on Aeromonas sp. and Pseudomonas sp.
علیرضا گلچین منشادی مهدی سلطانی رضا عصارهIn order to study caudal fin rot with emphasis on Aeromonassp. and Pseudomonassp. in Salmo trutta caspiusfrom the salmonids propagation and breeding center of Shahid Bahonar of kelardasht region, One hundred and eighty brood stocks having fin damage symptoms were chosen MoreIn order to study caudal fin rot with emphasis on Aeromonassp. and Pseudomonassp. in Salmo trutta caspiusfrom the salmonids propagation and breeding center of Shahid Bahonar of kelardasht region, One hundred and eighty brood stocks having fin damage symptoms were chosen. Two bacterial samples from each fish were cultured on Aeromonasand Pseudomonas specific media. After incubation biochemical tests for diagnosing isolated colonies of Aeromonassp. and Pseudomonassp. were performed.The results of biochemical tests showed that isolated bacteriaof Aeromonassp. were belonged to Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas hydrophila (sub species anaerogenes) by 75% and 25%frequency respectively and bacteriaof Pseudomonassp. were belonged to Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas alcaligenes by 42.1% ,36.48% and 21.05% frequency respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Age Structure and Growth Rate of Perch (Perca fluviatils) in Lahijan Amirkelayeh Wetland
محمد وفاجوی دیانتی حسین خارا علی بانی رضوان اله کاظمی مریم صائمیIn this research, age structure and growth pattern of Perch (Perca fluviatils Linnaeus, 1758) from the Lahijan Amirkelayeh Wetland was studied on a monthly basis in a year. In total, 265 specimens were caught and the weight and length were measured and the age was deter MoreIn this research, age structure and growth pattern of Perch (Perca fluviatils Linnaeus, 1758) from the Lahijan Amirkelayeh Wetland was studied on a monthly basis in a year. In total, 265 specimens were caught and the weight and length were measured and the age was determined by opercula and scaleand#39;s reading. The age data showed that the fish were between 2 + to 6 +. Male, female fish classified respectively in 12 and 13 length frequencies groups. The average instantaneous growth rate of perch showed that the age groups 2 + to 3 + with 0.461 grew faster than other groups and slowest growth belonged to age groups of 5 + to 6 + with 0.231. Condition factor of specimens showed that the highest one with 2.49 (r 2= 0.938) belong to female and the lowest one with 1.06 (r2= 0.944) belong to male fish. Pauliand#39;s applied growth pattern showed almost an isometric growth for total, male, and female fish and tendency to positive allometric growth. Total sex ratio (178 male to 78 female) showed a significant difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Study of HgCl2 effects on muscle tissue in the Caspian roach ( Rutilus rutilus ) in vitro conditions
سعید محمدزاده باران غلامحسین وثوقی علی ماشینچیان مرادی فاطمه عباسی پرگل قوام مصطفویA series of specific toxicological effects including bioaccumulation of the pollutant, histological changes and influences on muscle tissue were examined in the Roach fish (Rutilus rutilus) after the exposure to graded sub lethal concentrations (10 , 30 , 50 andmu;g Hg/ MoreA series of specific toxicological effects including bioaccumulation of the pollutant, histological changes and influences on muscle tissue were examined in the Roach fish (Rutilus rutilus) after the exposure to graded sub lethal concentrations (10 , 30 , 50 andmu;g Hg/L) of mercury chloride (MC). Histopathological changes, such as telangiectasis, and degenerative, can clearly be observed in the slices from the muscle exposed Roach. A batch of Roach with the mean values of 5 cm in length and 5.5 g in mass were pre-raised in a static system, which was supplied with dechlorinated tap water and constantly aerated. The water qualities were controlled as follows: pH, 7.45; oxygen concentration, 7 mg/L; the water temperature, 21andndash;22 ◦C. All fish were fed twice a day with a commercial ratio of biomar. Reagents appropriate amount of mercury chloride (MC, AR 98%, Merck-Schuchardt) was dissolved in a stock solution of 0.676g HgCl2/L. Based on the 24 h LC50 value (70 ppb) obtained from the acute exposure test, a graded series (10 , 30 , 50 andmu;g Hg/L) of mercury chloride (MC) were administered to Roach fish (Rutilus rutilus) with 48 fish per group. The chemical exposure experiments lasted for 48 , 96 and 144 hours. These designed exposure levels were sublethal, and could induce obvious alteration of tissues abnormalities and disease at the same time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Biological study of reproduction in (Capoeta capeota gracilis) in south coasts of Caspian sea Mazandaran Province (Tajan River)
هومن شجیعی حسن فضلی ندا بانیBlack fish (Capoeta capoeta gracilis) is a valuable fish in fisheries industry, that exist in south coasts of Caspian Sea specially in Mazandaran province. In this research 180 pieces of fishes were studied about reproduction biology between 1386-1387 in Tajan River fro MoreBlack fish (Capoeta capoeta gracilis) is a valuable fish in fisheries industry, that exist in south coasts of Caspian Sea specially in Mazandaran province. In this research 180 pieces of fishes were studied about reproduction biology between 1386-1387 in Tajan River from south coasts of Caspian Sea in Mazandaran province. In this study biological factors related with reproduction for example: the variations of Gonad somatic index sex ratio, average fecundity and sex maturing stages have carried to account the main objectives. The maximum of GSIwas in April and may (spawning time) and the minimum was in October, November and December .GSI in spring and summer greater than autumn and winter. Like wise with age increasing the GSI increases consequently and the increasing gradient was more in premature stages in comparison with maturity. Sex maturing stages in different months were proportional with GSI and with age increasing the amount of maturity was higher subsequently. The maximum of GSI in male fishes were at ages 3-4 years and in females were 2-3 years. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - The Study of Molecular and Population Diversity of Rutilus frisiikutum in Anzali Lagoon and Shirud River by Using of Molecular Genetic Method
فریدون چکمه دوز قاسمی شهرام بهمنش مهتاب یارمحمدی محمد حسن زاده صابرAnzali Lagoon and Shirud River are two important spawning areas in south Caspian Sea for kutum. Due to the economically valuable of this fish, molecular and population genetic structure of this fish was investigated using microsatellite markers.For this purpose, 100 sam MoreAnzali Lagoon and Shirud River are two important spawning areas in south Caspian Sea for kutum. Due to the economically valuable of this fish, molecular and population genetic structure of this fish was investigated using microsatellite markers.For this purpose, 100 samples from two regions were collected and DNA was extracted. Ten pairs microsatellite primer was used for PCR which all made polymorphic patterns. Data resulted: 191 alleles were observed. The maximum numbers of alleles (18) were found in two loci (Ca1 and Ca3) and the minimum number of alleles (2) was found in MFW1 locus. The differences between samples of two regions were not statistically significant (P>0.05) neither for average number of alleles per locus nor for observed heterozygosity. The calculated Fst was 0.056 and significant (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - The Diversity of Zooplanktons in the Southern Coasts of Caspian Sea
مژگان روشن طبری رحیمه رحمتی نوربخش خداپرست فرشته اسلامی متین شکور محمدتقی رستمیانThis survey was carried out by R/V Guilan ship with a conical plankton net of 100 micron mesh by vertical hauls at different stations and depths of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100m in 2010. In this study, 16 species formed the zooplankton community including 4 species of Copepod MoreThis survey was carried out by R/V Guilan ship with a conical plankton net of 100 micron mesh by vertical hauls at different stations and depths of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100m in 2010. In this study, 16 species formed the zooplankton community including 4 species of Copepoda, 4 species of Rotatoria, 2 species of Protozoa and 4 species of Cladocera from Holoplanktons and 2 species of Balanus sp and Lamellibranchiata larvae from Meroplanktons. The annual results revealed that the mean abundance of zooplankton were 5477±5815 ind/m3 in spring but the maximum biomass (64/58±124/61mg/m3) was in winter that was affected by Rotatoria. The maximum mean abundance and biomass of Copepoda were in summer that were 2830±2342 ind/m3 and 22/52±21/78 mg/m3, respectively and the abundance decreased gradually since autumn and reached the least in winter but increased since spring. The mean maximum abundance of Cladocera (115 ±142 ind/m3) was in spring but it graduallydecreased, The Protozoa constituted the least community and biomass of zooplankton in southern area of Caspian Sea. The zooplankton community also was affected by Meroplanktons including Cirripedia and Lamellibranchiata Larvae in spring and the Rotatoria contributed highly in zooplankton community in winter with the mean abundance and biomass of 2604±5876 ind/m3 and 50/71±115/33 mg/m3 respectively.It was observed the reduction trend in abundance from surface depths to deeper depths in whole of the year. There were 75% of zooplankton community in stations with 5 to 20m depth and 25% of community in stations with 50 to 100m depth in spring, and also 74% in stations with 5 to 20m depth and 26% in stations with 50 to 100m depth in summer, 73% in stations with 5 to 20m depth and 27% in stations with 50 to 100m depth in autumn and 85% in stations with 5 to 20m depth and 15% in stations with 50 to 100m depth in winter. In analysis of different area of southern basin of Caspian sea the maximum abundance was observed in west in spring, summer and winter which were 7514±8115 ind/m3 , 3909±2609 ind/m3 and 8129±11587 ind/m3, respectively. There was 2283±2134 ind/m3 in center area in autumn. The annual statistical analysis revealed that, there was significant difference in total zooplankton community between sampling stations, depths and layers in whole of the year. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Study of Accumulation of Heavy Metals (Pb & Cd) in Muscle, Skin, and Gill Tissues Chalcalburnus Chalcoides (Anzali & Shirud Lagoon)
Mohammad Bostanmanesh Mahnaz Sadat Sadeghi Mojgan EmtiyazjooWe studied concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cd in the Gill, Skin, and Muscle tissues of Chalcalburnus Chalcoides caught from the southern Caspian Sea (Anzali & Shirud lagoon) in spring 2012. After biometrical measurements, the Gill, Skin, and Muscle tissues of s MoreWe studied concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cd in the Gill, Skin, and Muscle tissues of Chalcalburnus Chalcoides caught from the southern Caspian Sea (Anzali & Shirud lagoon) in spring 2012. After biometrical measurements, the Gill, Skin, and Muscle tissues of samples were separated; metals were extracted from the tissues using chemical digestion method with pure nitric acid and their concentrations were determined by AAS. Average concentrations (in ppm dry weight) were compared with international standards such as FAO, WHO, and Stoskopf. Results showed that in Shirud of Mazandaran in gills, skin and muscle tissues, the maximum average accumulation belonging to Pb are 9.5836 ± 2.52069, 5.9343 ± 1.08995, 6.0264 ± 1.45947 µg/g and minimum average belonging to Cd are 0.0936 ± 0.04763, 0.0957 ± 0.04236, 0.0393 ± 0.02227 µg/g, respectively. In Anzali of Gilan, in gills, skin, and muscle tissues maximum average accumulation belonging to Pb are 20.8380 ± 3.68153, 7.6880 ± 2.04173, 3.5653 ± 0.68273 µg/g and minimum average belonging to Cd are 0.6040 ± 0.22663, 0.1167 ± 0.03897, 0.0233 ± 0.00893 µg/g, respectively. Lead concentrations in this study in both areas compared to international standards of WHO, Netherlands, EOS, and EPA limit is reached, but according to the EPA standard, the muscles in Gilan province are lower than the limit. Cadmium concentrations in all tissues except gill-based standards are lower. The average concentration of lead and cadmium metals between muscle, skin, and gills in Gilan province showed significant difference (P<0.05) and average concentrations of lead and cadmium in the tissues in Mazandaran province were not significantly different (P> 0.5). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - A Survey of the Effects of Stocking Density on Growth Factors of (Salmo trutta caspius)
elham gholiyan masoumeh bahr kazemi azin mohagheghi aliasghar saeediThis study was done to determine the effects of stocking density on growth factors of salmo trutta caspius. For this purpose , fingerlings with initial weight 7.25 + 0.4 g were distributed in 3 treatments with density of 50, 75 and 100 fish per each m3 and cultured for MoreThis study was done to determine the effects of stocking density on growth factors of salmo trutta caspius. For this purpose , fingerlings with initial weight 7.25 + 0.4 g were distributed in 3 treatments with density of 50, 75 and 100 fish per each m3 and cultured for 60 days. The growth factors (BWI, LI, SGR, CF, and FCR) and survival rate were measured. The results showed that with density increase some of the growth factors which contain BWI, LI and SGR were decreased but some others (CF, FCR) were increased ( p<0.05). Also the density of stocking had no effect on survival rates of treatments (p>0.05). In Conclusion, by study on growth factors and survival rate, the best results were observed in lower density (50 fish per each m3). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Investigation of some growth parameters of Carassius gibellio (Bloch, 1782) in the bony fish culture reservoirs of Sijaval- southeastern Caspian Sea
altin ghojoghi Sedigh Azizi Faramarz Namvar Rahman PatimarTo investigate growth parameters C. gibrllio, a total of 198 specimens collected in the reservoirs of the bony fish complex of Sijaval using small beach seine from May to September 2016. Sex ratio was 1:15.5 in favour of females. The range of the length and weight were MoreTo investigate growth parameters C. gibrllio, a total of 198 specimens collected in the reservoirs of the bony fish complex of Sijaval using small beach seine from May to September 2016. Sex ratio was 1:15.5 in favour of females. The range of the length and weight were 24.3-6.8 cm and 254.857-8.676 g. LWR were obtain for females and males as W=0.042TL2.6704 and W=0.045TL3.49 respectively, indicating negative allometric growth pattern (b <3) for females and positive allometric (b> 3) for males. The studied population included 4 age groups ranging from 1+ to 4+. Mean of condition index of Fulton were calculated for females and male 1.88 and 1.55 respectively. VBGF parameters were obtained as L∞=30.29, k=0.18 and t0=-0.577. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Effect of stocking density on growth parameters, immune factors and stress rate of Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius)
Elham Gholiyan Masoumeh Bahr Kazemi Azin Mohaqeq Samari Ali Asghar SaeediThis study considered the effect of stocking density on ‚immune factors and stress rate in brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius). Scrods have been saved on 3 accumulations 50‚75 and 100 in each cub meter with primary weight mean 7/25±0/4 g.the duration o MoreThis study considered the effect of stocking density on ‚immune factors and stress rate in brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius). Scrods have been saved on 3 accumulations 50‚75 and 100 in each cub meter with primary weight mean 7/25±0/4 g.the duration of experience period was 60 days .cortisol hormone rate and immune factors such as immunoglubolin (Igm)‚ complemans (c3‚c4) and total protein and calcium have evaluated.the results indicate that it has an increasing accumulation on safe factors such as immunoglubolin(Igm)‚complemans(c3‚c4)‚total protein‚ blood calcium and the rate of cortisol hormone has not a significant effect (P>0.05). Although the parameters related to stocking density in brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius and have increased dietary change coefficient‚ but this increasing on the range of used stocking density of this study was not stressor for scrod and has not an effect on immune factors of fishes. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024