Analysis of evidence of climate change in southern coast of the Caspian Sea

Subject Areas : Climatology

Alireza  Sadeghinia ¹ (Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran)
Mahdi  Sedaghat ² (Assistant Professor in Climatology, Department of Geography, Payame Noor University, Iran)
Somayeh  Rafati ³ (Assistant Professor of Climatology, Seyyed Jamal Al Din Asadabadi University, Asadabad. Iran)

Received: 2021-09-24 Accepted : 2022-03-09 Published : 2022-03-21

Keywords: Climate Change, the extreme climatic indices, the southern coast of the Caspian Sea,

Abstract :

In this study, in order to identify the most important evidence of climate change in the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, temperature and precipitation changes were studied using 20 indices during 1968-2017. The results showed that the intensity of precipitation significantly increased, but the number of days with precipitation significantly decreased. Despite the increase in rainfall intensity, the total annual rainfall has decreased, because of the number of rainy days and length of wet periods significantly decreased. Seasonally, spring rainfall decreased and summer rainfall increased. All the extreme temperature indices showed significant trends. On average, the increasing trends of the minimum annual temperatures and maximum annual temperature were 0.51 ° C and 0.31 ° C in per decade, respectively. The frequency of hot days and hot nights significantly increase with an increase rate of 1.5% and 2.7% per decade, respectively. Also, the frequency of cold days and cold nights significantly fell with a decrease rate of 1.1% and 1.3% per decades, respectively. In general, the heating trend of the nights was stronger than during the days. The warm spell duration index showed a clear increase, with a rate of 2.6 d per decade. Comparison of the results of this study with the findings of global studies showed that the increasing trend of temperature in the southern Caspian coast is in line with the trends observed in global studies, but the decreasing trend of precipitation in the Caspian region is opposite to the increasing trend of global precipitation.

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