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Open Access Article
1 - Cloning and expression of recombinant hirudin in CHO cell line
, A. Sharifzadeh , M. Heidari , F. AaliHirudin is a 65-66 amino acids polypeptide which is secreted as an anticoagulant compound from salivary glands of medical leech. This drug is a very potent inhibitor of thrombin and is so effective for arterial and venous thrombosis prevention. The aim of the present re MoreHirudin is a 65-66 amino acids polypeptide which is secreted as an anticoagulant compound from salivary glands of medical leech. This drug is a very potent inhibitor of thrombin and is so effective for arterial and venous thrombosis prevention. The aim of the present research was to clone and express of hirudin gene in CHO cell line as a eukaryotic host cell. In this experimental study, a 221 bp fragment of hirudin gene was cloned into pcDNA3.1(+) vector. The pcDNA3.1(+)-hirudin recombinant vector was transfected into CHO cells by lipofectamine 2000 reagent. The eukaryotic expression of hirudin was evaluated by RT-PCR method. The pcDNA3.1(+)-hirudin recombinant vector was confirmed by PCR and enzymatic double digestion. Our findings showed that the mammalian expression of hirudin was successful. As, a 221 bp fragment corresponded to hirudin mRNA was observed on agarose gel after RT-PCR. The pcDNA3.1(+)-hirudin recombinant vector was constructed in this research successfully. This new recombinant plasmid can express the hirudin mRNA in CHO cells. Therefore, the recombinant protein that produced from this research can be a recombinant vaccine that could be applied for future research. Additionally, this construct has the potential to be use as DNA vaccine in next experiments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Investigation of the effect of Deferoxamine preconditioning on VEGF, ANGP1, and TFGβ1 gene expression in diabetic adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs)
راضیه Tajali اکرم Eidi حسین Ahmadi Tafti عبدالرضا Pazouki A.M SharifiAdipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been considered a promising treatment for diabetic wound repair. However, the effectiveness of autologous ADSC-derived therapy for diabetic patients needs to be improved. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect MoreAdipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been considered a promising treatment for diabetic wound repair. However, the effectiveness of autologous ADSC-derived therapy for diabetic patients needs to be improved. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pretreatment with deferoxamine on the expression of the angiogenic genes in diabetic ADSCs preconditioned with deferoxamine. In this experimental study, abdominal adipose tissue was taken from three patients with type 2 diabetes and three healthy individuals, and stem cells derived from adipose tissue were extracted by the enzymatic method. Diabetic ADSCs were treated with 75, 150, and 300 μM deferoxamine concentrations for 24 and 48 hours. Then, the cell survival rate was evaluated using the WST1 test and the expression level of VEGF, ANGP1, and TFGβ1 genes in normal, diabetic, and diabetic ADSCs treated with deferoxamine using the Real-time PCR technique. The data were analyzed using Prism statistical software. Our results showed that the expression levels of VEGF, ANGP1 and TGFβ1 genes in diabetic samples were significantly decreased compared to the normal group (P<0.05). However, the expression level of all three genes after treating the cells with concentrations of 150 and 300 μM deferoxamine for 24 hours was significantly increased compared to the untreated diabetic group (P<0.05). Our results showed that deferoxamine significantly increases the expression of VEGF, ANGP1, and TGFβ1 in diabetic ADSCs and increases their angiogenic capacity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Evaluation of Genetic Expression Programming model for Suspended Sediment Load estimation based on data preprocessing using Gamma Test method (Case study: Rood Zard watershed)
Adele Alijanpour Shalmani Ali Reza Vaezi Mahmood Reza TabatabaeiIn this research, the data of the machine hydrometric station was used in the Rood Zard watershed with a statistical period of 36 years (1977-2012). In order to reduce time and cost, pre-processing of input data into the GEP model was obtained using gamma test method an MoreIn this research, the data of the machine hydrometric station was used in the Rood Zard watershed with a statistical period of 36 years (1977-2012). In order to reduce time and cost, pre-processing of input data into the GEP model was obtained using gamma test method and entered the GEP model along with non-preprocessing combinations of the test and error method. The results of comparison between all models showed that the best combination of input variable from gamma test with the lowest standard error is zero, gamma statistic is 0.000092 and Vratio statistic is 0.012 and the combination of variables including average daily flow discharge with two steps of time delay and average daily precipitation with three steps of time delay, had the most accurate and correct estimate for suspended sediment load. This model had the lowest value of RMSE=1671.90 (ton/day) and MAE=475.68 (ton/day) and the highest value of R2=0.99 and NSE=0.99 compared to other models. Therefore, the use of gamma test method as a data preprocessing method, by selecting combinations of appropriate input variables to models, an average of up to 40% of the estimated error (RMSE) of daily suspended sediment load compared to the inputs from the test and reduce the error and increase the performance of the GEP model in estimating the suspended sediment load by increasing the similarity between the values of observational data with computational data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - جداسازی ویروس بیماری نیوکاسل از طیور صنعتی و ارزیابی توانایی ویروس در القاء بیان ژنهای مرتبط آپوپتوز در سلولهای توموری 7MCF
آرش کلانتری صمد فراشی بناب هادی کیوانفر -
Open Access Article
5 - Transcriptomics and useful techniques of defense gene expression evalution of plant
Jalal GholamnezhadTranscriptomics is one of the most developed branches in the post-genomic era. Transcriptomics focuses on the gene expression at the RNA level and shows the genome wide information of gene structure and gene function in order to reveal the molecular mechanisms involved MoreTranscriptomics is one of the most developed branches in the post-genomic era. Transcriptomics focuses on the gene expression at the RNA level and shows the genome wide information of gene structure and gene function in order to reveal the molecular mechanisms involved in specific biological processes. The plant activate the defense system after detect plant pathogens. Recently, transcriptomics has found wide application in agriculture, this knowledge are used for studing the biotic and abiotic stresses, storage diseases and the identification of resistant cultivars. It is essential the gene expression in times of stress. Transcriptomics studies of gene expression increase the information on the mechanisms of tolerance and resistance to plant disease. There are several techniques for analysis of gene expression profiles in plants. The methods used to study gene expression is placed into three categories based on hybridization techniques, techniques based on PCR and sequencing-based techniques can. In this article, it was review on methods to study gene expression and the its application in plant pathology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on the Expression of Zinc Transporter 1-4 Genes in the Male rat hippocampal cell line
Maede Nilechi Akram Eidi Hamid Galehdari Mahnaz KesmatiIntroduction: Zinc plays an important role in the function of vital organs, especially the central nervous system. Zinc homeostasis disorder causes and progresses nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer, depression, learning disabilities and stress. Zinc homeostasis i MoreIntroduction: Zinc plays an important role in the function of vital organs, especially the central nervous system. Zinc homeostasis disorder causes and progresses nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer, depression, learning disabilities and stress. Zinc homeostasis in the body is mediated by ZnT and ZIP proteins. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3, and Znt4 genes in hippocampus cells as one of the tissues with high zinc density. Material and methods: First, the cell passage of the hippocampus cell line was performed, then the MTT assay test was performed for zinc oxide nanoparticles. In the next step, RNA extraction and CDNA synthesis were performed, and nanodrop spectrophotometer was used to ensure the purity of the RNA samples. Specific and appropriate primers of the desired genes were designed and synthesized. Then, changes in the expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3, and Znt4 genes were investigated using Real-Tim e RT-PCR. Results: Concentrations of 10 and 20 μg/mL of zinc oxide nanoparticles, significantly increased the expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3, and Znt4 genes in the hippocampus cell line of rat, while creating the lowest cytotoxicity. Conclusion: Zinc oxide nanoparticles can be investigated pharmacologically by increasing the expression of Znt1, Znt2, Znt3, and Znt4 genes in the treatment of zinc homeostasis disorders such as Alzheimer, depression, learning disabilities and stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Examining the anticancer properties of HL-7 peptide through changes in Fas, caspase 8 and caspase 3 gene expression
Zahra Setayesh-Mehr Hosein Kamaladini Mohammad HajitabarObjective: Cervical cancer is an important cause of female mortality worldwide. The results obtained so far indicate the involvement of bioactive peptides in cancer treatment. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the anticancer properties of HL MoreObjective: Cervical cancer is an important cause of female mortality worldwide. The results obtained so far indicate the involvement of bioactive peptides in cancer treatment. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the anticancer properties of HL-7 peptide through changes in Fas, caspase 8 and caspase 3 geneexpression.Materials and methods: In this study, the viability of cervical cancer cells treated with HL-7 peptide at two concentrations of 45 and 60 μM at two times of 12 and 24 hours was investigated using MTT assay. Also, the expression of Fas, caspase 8 and caspase 3 genes was measured at mRNA and protein levels, respectively, using Real-Time PCR and Western Blot methods. Finally, the activity level of caspase 3 and caspase 8 was checked through ELISA test.Findings: The results showed that the viability of cancer cells treated with HL-7 peptide decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner (p<0.05). By increasing the concentration of HL-7 peptide from 45 to 60 μM, significantly, the expression of Fas, caspase 8 and 3 genes increased in mRNA and protein levels (p<0.05). The results of the ELISA test showed that the activity of caspase 8 and caspase 3 significantly increased in Hela cancer cells treated with HL-7 peptide compared to untreated cancer cells (p<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that HL-7 peptide is able to eliminate cervical cancer cells by regulating the expression of genes involved in the extrinsic apoptosis signaling pathway. At the same time, more studies on molecular targets are suggested to confirm the anticancer properties of HL-7 peptide. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The effect of four weeks of aerobic exercise on cognitive function and expression levels of PGC1α and VEGF genes in the hippocampus of old rats
Ensieh Ahmadpour Maghsoud Peeri Mohammad Ali AzarbayjaniAging is an important risk factor for cognitive functions. On the other hand, exercise improves brain health and improves cognitive functions. However, the mechanisms of these benefits have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study was conducted with t MoreAging is an important risk factor for cognitive functions. On the other hand, exercise improves brain health and improves cognitive functions. However, the mechanisms of these benefits have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of four weeks of intermittent aerobic exercise with moderate intensity on cognitive function and the expression level of PGC1α and VEGF genes in the hippocampus of old rats. For this purpose, 20-month-old male Wistar rats were divided into 2 exercise training groups (number = 8 heads) and control (number = 8 heads). The animals of the sports group performed intermittent aerobic training with moderate intensity for 4 weeks, 5 days a week. In order to investigate learning and spatial memory, the animals were subjected to the Morris water maze test 48 hours after the last training session. Then, the animals were killed and the hippocampal tissue was extracted. Real time-PCR method was used to measure gene expression. Statistical analysis was done using independent t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient at a significant level of P£0.05. The results showed that aerobic exercise improved learning performance (P ≥ 0.05) and spatial memory (P ≥ 0.001) and the expression level of PGC1α (P ≥ 0.01) and VEGF (P ≥ 0.001) Increasing. Also, a significant positive correlation between PGC1α gene expression and VEGF gene expression in the hippocampus was observed (p≥0.001, r=0.894). In addition, there was a significant inverse relationship between VEGF gene expression and the average time spent to find the platform (p≥0.05, r=-0.578), and there was a significant positive relationship with the time spent in the quadrant of the target circle (p≥0.01, r=0.713). In general, aerobic exercise improves learning performance and spatial memory in old animals; It seems that exercise-induced upregulation of the PGC1α/VEGF signaling pathway in the brain is at least partially involved in this adaptation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Molecular Study Of Common Genes in the Development Cells and Cancer at Tissue Of Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Shierin Mordifard Shahla Mohammad ganji Zarrin MinochehrInroduction and Objective:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and the second most common cancer in women in the world. Axin gene includes axin1 and axin2. The C-myc and other genes of this family encode transcription factors that play a vital MoreInroduction and Objective:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and the second most common cancer in women in the world. Axin gene includes axin1 and axin2. The C-myc and other genes of this family encode transcription factors that play a vital role in cell proliferation, growth, differentiation and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate semi-quantitative genes expression of AXIN1,CMYC in mRNA tissue of Iranian patients with CRC and checking the communication ON or OFF of this genes in each tumor stages and pathologic factors of patientsMaterial and Methods:Therefore, we have done RT-PCR with specific primers for Axin1,CMYC and β-actin genes on the 54 tumor and 41 normal tissues as fresh samples which obtained from 54 unrelated patients referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital.Results: According the results, 55% of the samples were ON and 45% of the samples were OFF for AXIN1 gene expression and 87.5% of the samples were ON and 12.5% of the samples were OFF for CMYC gene expression respectively . Statistical analysis with SPSS, T-test and X2 showed that there is a significant differences of the Axin1 and CMYC expression between two groups of samples; normal, tumor(P Conclusion: According the results, 55% of the samples were ON and 45% of the samples were OFF for AXIN1 gene expression and 87.5% of the samples were ON and 12.5% of the samples were OFF for CMYC gene expression respectively . Statistical analysis with SPSS, T-test and X2 showed that there is a significant differences of the Axin1 and CMYC expression between two groups of samples; normal, tumor(P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The Role Of TNF-α in the Pattern Of CXCR4 Gene Expression in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Rozita Ziaei Maryam Ayatollahi رامین یعقوبی زینب صحرائیان نصرت الله ضرغامیInroduction and ObjectiveMigration and engraftment have a vital role in tissue regeneration and transplantation and CXCR4 is a known chemokin receptor in making and increasing homing and engraftment of cells into damaged tissue or wounds. CXCR4 expresses in low level on MoreInroduction and ObjectiveMigration and engraftment have a vital role in tissue regeneration and transplantation and CXCR4 is a known chemokin receptor in making and increasing homing and engraftment of cells into damaged tissue or wounds. CXCR4 expresses in low level on human MSCs, but we show here that CXCR4 expression by hBM MSCs up-regulates through exposure to TNF-α in a dose and time dependent manner.Materials and Methods:Cultured hBM MSCs were divided into 9 groups. One group was un treated and the others treated with 1 ng/ml and 10 ng/ml TNF- α in 2, 10, 24 and48 hours. Total mRNA was extracted and cDNA synthesized. Then rate of CXCR4 expression compared with housekeeping gene (β-actin) by Real Time PCR.Results: In untreated hMSCs CXCR4 expressed in low level. In treated hMSCs with 1ng/ml TNF-α in 2, 10, 24 and 48 hours CXCR4 expression was increased respectively 32, 64, 256,32 fold and with 10ng/ml increased 16, 32, 512, 32 fold. The highest level of CXCR4 gene expression found after treatment with 10ng/ml TNF-a in 24h was highly increased(2-∆∆Ct = 512 ).Conclusion:These finding indicate that in vitro control of both dose and time factors may be important in future-stem cell transplantation therapies Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Effect of dietary supplemented biotronic top3 on growth indices, mucus and blood serum immunity and the expression of growth-related genes (GH, Ghrelin, IGF-1) in Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus)
Abdulsalam Hatami Hamed Paknejad Mohammad SudagarThe aim of this study was investigation of effects of biotronic top3 on some growth indices, mucus and serum immunity and expression of genes involved in growth of Persian sturgeon .240 fish (with an average weight of 104±1 g) were fed for 8 weeks under three exp MoreThe aim of this study was investigation of effects of biotronic top3 on some growth indices, mucus and serum immunity and expression of genes involved in growth of Persian sturgeon .240 fish (with an average weight of 104±1 g) were fed for 8 weeks under three experimental diets with different levels of biotronic top3, including: 2, 4 and 8 g / kg diet and a control group. At the end of the period, sampling was done randomly to evaluate the growth indices, mucosal and serum immunity as well as the expression of genes involved in growth.The results showed that the best growth performance and the highest expression of genes involved in growth (GH, IGF-1 and Ghrelin) were presented in the control group (P <0.05). The highest amount of alkaline phosphatase, total mucus protein and total serum protein and the lowest amount of serum alanine transaminase were presented in the treatment fed with diet containing 8 g biotronic top3 / kg of diet, which was significantly different from the control group (P <0.05). Diets containing biotronic top3 significantly increased and decreased serum lysozyme mucus and aspartate transaminase activity, respectively, which was significantly different from the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in serum glucose and alkaline phosphatase levels in all treatments with the control group (P <0.05).Diet containing 8 g of biotronic top3 / kg diet, despite not having an effect on growth indices, improved the mucus and serum immunity parameters in Persian sturgeon . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Investigation of gene expression related to stress in native and cross breed sheep
Neda Ruh bakhsh nemat hedayat evrigh Reza Seyed sharifi Mir Darioush ShakouriInroduction & Objective: Increasing in temperature and drying of pastures cause water and nutritional stress to animals. In this study, resistance control genes in crossbred and native sheep were examined. Material and Methods: In this study, ten cross of Romanov na MoreInroduction & Objective: Increasing in temperature and drying of pastures cause water and nutritional stress to animals. In this study, resistance control genes in crossbred and native sheep were examined. Material and Methods: In this study, ten cross of Romanov native male lambs and ten purebred male native lambs in 4 treatments and 5 replications in each group were used. They are divided into two groups with normal and water restriction condition. At the end of the experiment, liver tissue samples were collected from slaughtered animals and it was kept in liquid nitrogen, to investigation of gene expression whole RNA was extracted and purified and the cDNA was synthesis. In the end Real Time PCR reaction were performed using specific primers. For statistical analysis we used randomized design as factorial analysis method using SAS 9.2. Results: By extracting the genes, it was found that the expression of GPX1, TFAM, SIRT3, PRKAA1, NRT2 genes increased under stress in native sheep compared to crossbred sheep.Conclusion: The expression of GPX1, TFAM, NRF2, SIRT, PKAA1 genes in the liver of two groups of native and crossbred in normal and stress conditions indicate that Under stress, these four groups of genes act as oxidative process and store energy and prevent energy loss and protect the cell. Due to the genetic compatibility of native sheep with the drought conditions of the region, it makes the animal more resistant to heat and disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The Effect of Adding Different Level of Fennel Extracted on the Fertility of Drosophila melanogaster and its Effect on the Density of Probiotics in its Intestine Using Qreal-Time PCR Technique
ابوالحسن رضایی Masood Ghane sheida AkhshabiIInroduction & Objective:The aim of this study, was additive extraxted fennel in the medium for increasing reproductive performance, concentration of probiotices by using qRT-PCR technique.Materials and Methods:In the present study, fennel extracted was MoreIInroduction & Objective:The aim of this study, was additive extraxted fennel in the medium for increasing reproductive performance, concentration of probiotices by using qRT-PCR technique.Materials and Methods:In the present study, fennel extracted was divided into different concentrations. Concentrations including 25, 50 and 75 µg /ml were added to the culture medium. In addition, a control sample was used to confirm the results. Parameters of mating latency and copulation duration, was measured by coronometr instrument. Fecundity and fertility also were count by Loop on the medium. The flies were studied for two months.Results: In this study, concentration of 25,50,75 µg/ ml and control group was used. The results showed concentration of 75µg/ml was significant decreasing mating latency and increasing copulation duration, fecundity and fertility parameters were showed. Moreover were confirmed lactobacilus brevis by PCR technique In addition using qRT-PCR technique and confirmed higher expression in 16srDNA when used 75µg/ml concentration.Conclusion: According to the present study, the higher fennel extracted has been effective on gene expression in probiotics and also on the reproductive performance of flies showed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on some apoptotic factors of elderly men
Farzane Tleb Mohammadi bahram abedi Mojtaba KhansoozObjective: Impairment in the secretion and function of insulin in different tissues of the body is the main cause of type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of intense intermittent exercise and thyme honey on GLUT4 gene expression in sole MoreObjective: Impairment in the secretion and function of insulin in different tissues of the body is the main cause of type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of intense intermittent exercise and thyme honey on GLUT4 gene expression in soleus muscle and insulin resistance index in male obese rats with It is type 2 diabetes.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 36 rats (5-8 weeks old, weighing 110±10 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups of diabetes, diabetes-exercise, diabetes-supplement and diabetes-exercise-supplement. To induce type 2 diabetes, STZ was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 25 mg/kg. Intense interval training was performed for 5 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Thyme honey in the amount of 3 g/kg was gavage in the supplement groups for 5 days a week before training. After blood sampling and tissue sampling, GLUT4 gene expression of soleus muscle and insulin resistance index were measured for data analysis using ANOVA test. Bonferroni's one-sided and post hoc tests were used at a significance level of P<0.05.Findings: Insulin changes in exercise group, supplement and supplement exercise showed a significant increase (P<0.05), insulin resistance values in the supplement group increased significantly compared to the control group (P=0.001). But the changes of this index in the training group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group, supplement and supplement training group. (p≥0.001) The level of GLUT4 has increased significantly in the training group and the training-supplement group. (P<0.05) Glucose changes in the exercise group and the exercise-supplement group were associated with a significant decrease (P<0.05).Conclusion: In addition to the findings of this research, it seems that eight weeks of intermittent exercise alone and together with the consumption of thyme honey improves insulin resistance and increases GLUT4 gene expression in diabetic samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Evaluation of CCND1 and ITGB1 genes expression in patients with breast cancer
Farnam Gholipour Maralan shohreh Zare Karizi Mohammad Ebrahim zadehBreast cancer is the most common type of invasive cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in women. Therefore, evaluating the molecular mechanisms is of crucial importance in this respect. the CCND1 gene encodes the Cyclin D1 protein and Cyclin D1 overexpres MoreBreast cancer is the most common type of invasive cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in women. Therefore, evaluating the molecular mechanisms is of crucial importance in this respect. the CCND1 gene encodes the Cyclin D1 protein and Cyclin D1 overexpression has been shown to correlate with early cancer onset and tumor progression. Cyclin D1 overexpression can also down-regulate Fas expression, leading to increased chemotherapeutic resistance and protection from apoptosis. In addition, Integrin beta-1 (ITGB1), is a cell surface receptor that in humans is encoded by the ITGB1 gene. Abnormal levels of integrin beta-1D have been found in limb girdle muscular dystrophy and polyneuropathy.Sample from tissues of 30 patients with breast cancer and the normal margin of tissues were bought from Imam Khomeini hospital. Afterwards, genomic RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis using quantitative real-time PCR method was implemented and after primer design for CCND1 and ITGB1 genes, gene expression was analyzed. The CCND1 and ITGB1 genes demonstrated a significant expression increase in breast cancer tumor samples compared to adjacent normal samples (P <0.0001). The increased expression of CCND1 and ITGB1 genes may enhance the process of cell cycle and this condition can develop tumorigenesis; however more research is needed to confirm these findings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The effects of piperine supplementation on colony population, body weight after emerging, viability and vitellogenin gene expression in honey bees under heat stress
Zahra Farhadi Ali Asghar Sadeghi Farahnaz Motamedi Sedeh Mohammad ChamaniAim: This study was done to evaluate the effects of piperine (phytogenic material in pepper) supplementation on antioxidant capacity, vitellogenin gene expression, the viability and body weight of honey bees at the time of emerging.Materials and methods: 32 bee hives we MoreAim: This study was done to evaluate the effects of piperine (phytogenic material in pepper) supplementation on antioxidant capacity, vitellogenin gene expression, the viability and body weight of honey bees at the time of emerging.Materials and methods: 32 bee hives were divided to 4 treatment groups and 8 replications in a completely random design. The environment temperature of region was 38 degrees Celsius for at least 4 hours per day. The control group received syrup without piperine, and the treatment groups received syrup containing 2000, 4000 and 6000 μg of piperine per liter, respectively. The level of malondialdehyde and antioxidant capacity of the body, weight and body composition of bees after emerging, colony population and relative expression of vitellogenin gene were determined.Results: Supplementation of 2000 and 4000 μg piperine per liter of syrup caused an increase in body weight, a decrease in the level of malondialdehyde and increase in antioxidant capacity. The addition of piperine in different doses caused a significant increase in vitellogenin gene expression compared to the control group. The spawning level and colony population that received 6000 μg/liter piperine was lower than the group that received 2000 and 4000 μg/liter P<0.05).Conclusion: Based on the results, supplementation of 2000 to 4000 μg/liter of piperine has a positive effect on increasing the antioxidant capacity, vitellogenin gene expression, body weight of new-emerged bees and colony population, and a higher dose causes a decrease in spawning rate and reduction of honey bee population. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Evaluation of the effect polysacharid nanocomposites on gtf gene expression in Streptococcus mutan
Shokofeh Mazhab jafari fatemeh Yazdian Farzaneh Hosseini behnam rasekhTooth decay is one of the most important public health problems in different communities. The activity of acid-producing bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans biofilms, is the main cause of this complication. The formation of biofilms of this bacterium depends MoreTooth decay is one of the most important public health problems in different communities. The activity of acid-producing bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans biofilms, is the main cause of this complication. The formation of biofilms of this bacterium depends on the presence of the enzyme glucosyltransferase, which is encoded by the gtf gene. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of polysaccharide nanocomposite of Chitosan (Cs)/Carboxymethyl Starch (CMS)/Graphene oxide (RGO)/Silica (SiO2) on gtf gene expression in Streptococcus mutans. Graphene oxide was synthesized by Hummers method. Chitosan/Carboxymethyl Starch/Graphene oxide/Silica quaternary compound were then prepared and antimicrobial effect was investigated and antimicrobial effect on Streptococcus's mutans ATCC 35668 was investigated by microdilution method. The morphology and structural properties were investigated by FTIR, SEM and DLS. The expression of gtfB, gtfC, gtfD genes was examined by RT-PCR technique. FTIR studies confirmed the incorporation of RGO and SiO2 into nanocomposite. The antimicrobial effect of nanocomposite (0.203 mg/ml) was obtained. RT-PCR results showed that no significant relationship was observed in the expression of gtfB and gtfD genes in cells treated with nanocomposites compared to the control group (P=0.187, P=0.067), while the expression of gtfC gene was significantly reduced (P=0.049) in cells treated with nanocomposite and indicating the strong effect of this nanocomposite on suppressing the gtfC gene and reducing biofilm formation. According to the results, the expression level of gftC gene in cells treated with nanocomposite was reduced, and Cs/CMS/RGO/SiO2 nanocomposite has a strong effect in suppressing gtfC gene. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - اثر پرایمینگ بر فعالیت و بیان ژنهای آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدانت در بذرهای فرسوده برنج
حمیده علیدوست محمد صدقی رئوف سید شریفی طیبه سعادت -
Open Access Article
19 - Simulation of changes trend in soil chemical properties Irrigated with wastewater using Gene expression programming model
مینا Arast GH.R Zehtabian محمد Jafari حسن Khosravi سعید ShojaeeAbstract Due to the growing population in arid and semi-arid region, limited water resources is increasing. So, the use of unconventional waters is counted as an important tool in the management of water resources of arid areas. In this regard, the use of urban wa MoreAbstract Due to the growing population in arid and semi-arid region, limited water resources is increasing. So, the use of unconventional waters is counted as an important tool in the management of water resources of arid areas. In this regard, the use of urban wastewater for irrigation combined with combating desertification projects are cases that need be investigated. The effect of such water on soil physical and chemical properties is very important. In recent decades, because of the ability to process simulation artificial intelligence techniques have many applications in different fields. Gene expression programming (GEP) is counted as component of evolutionary algorithms and is able to optimize the structure of the model and its components. In this research, the ability and accuracy of gene expression programming was evaluated for simulating the sodium, pH and electrical conductivity changes of soil in land irrigated with wastewater and non-irrigated land in Qom plain. For modeling soil chemical properties change, randomly the 70% of the observed data on the electrical conductivity, pH and sodium were used to determine the appropriate model; the rest of data were used to calibrate the models. Soil chemical parameters and wastewater treatment were selected as independent variable and function, respectively. The results of compared gene showed that gene expression programming has modeled soil chemical properties changes. In the best model performing, the highest amount of determination coefficient was estimated 0.97, 0.96 and 0.97 for electrical conductivity, pH and sodium respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Effect of sodium chloride on some of parameters Physiology, biochemical and expression two gene ADS and CYP71AV1 artemisinin biosynthetic pathway in A
Sara Salimian rizi Zahra Rezayatmand Monireh Ranjbar Nasrin Yazdanpanahi Zarrin dokht Emami- KarvaniSalinity stress is one of the important factors in decreasing the rate of growth and changing physiologic and metabolic processes of plants. In the present study to investigate the effect of salinity stress on physiological and biochemical performances and also gene exp MoreSalinity stress is one of the important factors in decreasing the rate of growth and changing physiologic and metabolic processes of plants. In the present study to investigate the effect of salinity stress on physiological and biochemical performances and also gene expressions of Artemisia absinthium plant, an experiment was conducted with three level of salinity (0, 75, and 15 Mmol NaCl) in a completely randomized design with three replications under greenhouse conditions. Results showed that salinity stress decreased the rate of growth parameters in the plants including shoot length, root length, wet shoot weight, wet root weight, dry shoot weight, and dry root weight. Also, salinity decreased the levels of potassium, calcium, magnesium, and iron ions while increasing sodium levels in the plants. Increased salinity stress increased levels of proline, malondialdehyde, phenolic compounds, and activities of some antioxidant enzymes while it led to protein reduction in the plants under study. The expression of CYP71AV1 and ADS genes reduced to minimum at 150 Mmol and 75 Mmol NaCl treatments, respectively leading to reduced level of artemisinin in the Artemisia absinthium plants. According to the findings of this study, it might be argued that in its attempt to confront salinity stress induced fromsodium chloride, Artemisia absinthium employs the system of increased level of antioxidant enzymes activity, osmotic potential regulators, and phenolic compounds. Also, decreased expression of ADS gene can be an effective factor in reducing artemisinin contents in Artemisia absinthium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - اثر پرایمینگ بر فعالیت و بیان ژنهای آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدانت در بذرهای فرسوده برنج
حمیده علیدوست محمد صدقی رئوف سید شریفی طیبه سعادت -
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22 - مروری بر اثرات متابولیسمی اسیدهای چرب با چند باند دوگانه بر مرغها
ب. نوبدشاد م. رویان ع. اخلاقیمرغ به عنوان مدلی مناسب برای مطالعات متابولیسم لیپید مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است، زیرا تغییرات جیرهای به ویژه نوع چربی جیره میتوانند ترکیب بدن مرغ را تغییر دهند. چربیها به عنوان منبعی از انرژی و برخی اسیدهای چرب نظیر اسیدهای چرب با چند پیوند دوگانه (PUFAs) مورد Moreمرغ به عنوان مدلی مناسب برای مطالعات متابولیسم لیپید مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است، زیرا تغییرات جیرهای به ویژه نوع چربی جیره میتوانند ترکیب بدن مرغ را تغییر دهند. چربیها به عنوان منبعی از انرژی و برخی اسیدهای چرب نظیر اسیدهای چرب با چند پیوند دوگانه (PUFAs) مورد نیاز حیوان و انسان عمل می­نمایند. اسیدهای چرب با چند پیوند دوگانه از نوع n-3، به خصوص اسید آیکوزاپنتوانوئیک (EPA) و اسید دوکوزاهگزاانوئیک (DHA) اثرات مطلوب شناخته شده­ای بر سلامت انسان دارند. اسیدهای چرب با چند پیوند دوگانه از نوع n-3 به عنوان محرکهای با منشاء غذایی اکسیداسیون اسید چرب عمل نموده و مهار کننده برگشتی سنتز اسیدهای چرب جدید هستند. این سازوکارهای تنظیمی نه تنها میزان لیپید کبد و ترشح لیپوپروتئین با چگالی خیلی پایین (VLDL) را کاهش می­دهند، بلکه مقادیر اضافه اسیدهای چرب بلند زنجیر با چند پیوند دوگانه را که ممکن است منجر به تنش اکسیداسیونی یا آسیب رساندن با یکپارچگی غشاء شوند را از غشاء سلولی حذف می­نمایند. این مقاله به اختصار به مهمترین اثرات متابولیکی اسیدهای چرب با چند پیوند دوگانه در مرغ می­پردازد. Manuscript profile -
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23 - -اثر سطوح مختلف پروتئین خام بر بیان ژن ناقل اوره (نوع ب) و بازده نیتروژن در برههای در حال رشد بلوچی تغذیه شده با نسبتهای مختلف علوفه به کنسانتره
ا. ابراهیمی خرم آبادی ع.م. طهماسبی م. دانش مسگران ع.ع. ناصریان ع. وکیلیبه منظور بررسی اثرات همزمان نسبتهای مختلف علوفه به کنسانتره و مقادیر مختلف پروتئینخام خوراک بر کنترل نیتروژن اورهای بازگردانده شده به شکمبه و تنظیم بیان ژن ناقل اوره (نوع ب)، از چهار رأس بره نر بلوچی (2±30 کیلوگرم) در قالب طرح مربع لاتین 4 × 4، استفاده ش Moreبه منظور بررسی اثرات همزمان نسبتهای مختلف علوفه به کنسانتره و مقادیر مختلف پروتئینخام خوراک بر کنترل نیتروژن اورهای بازگردانده شده به شکمبه و تنظیم بیان ژن ناقل اوره (نوع ب)، از چهار رأس بره نر بلوچی (2±30 کیلوگرم) در قالب طرح مربع لاتین 4 × 4، استفاده شد. مدت هر دوره آزمایشی 28 روز (21 روز عادت پذیری و 6 روز جمعآوری اطلاعات و نمونه برداری) بود. تیمارهای آزمایشی از ترکیب دو نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه (بر اساس ماده خشک) 45 به 55 درصد و 25 به 75 درصد و دو مقدار پروتئین خام (بر اساس ماده خشک) 14 درصد و 18 درصد تشکیل شده بودند. با افزایش نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه، مصرف ماده خشک به طور معنی داری افزایش یافت. تیمارها، مقدار پروتئین خام و نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه تأثیر معنی داری بر روی مقدار مصرف پروتئین خام داشتند. با افزایش مقدار نیتروژن خوراک، قابلیت هضم ماده خشک، پروتئین خام و ماده آلی به طور معنی داری افزایش یافت. نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه تأثیر معنی داری بر روی قابلیت هضم فیبر نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و ماده آلی داشت. تیمارها نیز تأثیر معنی داری بر روی قابلیت هضم پروتئین خام، شوینده خنثی و ماده آلی داشتند. اثر متقابل بین سطح پروتئینخام و نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه تأثیر معنی داری بر روی pH، غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی، غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرار، نسبت استات به پروپیونات و غلظت نیتروژن اورهای خون داشت. به جز pH، تمامی فاکتورهای تخمیر شکمبهای و متابولیتهای خونی تحت تأثیر سطح پروتئینخام و نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه قرار گرفتند. تیمارها تأثیر معنی داری بر روی میزان دریافت نیتروژن (گرم در روز) و میزان دفع نیتروژن از طریق ادرار (گرم در روز، درصدی از نیتروژن خوراک) داشتند. همچنین هر دو عامل سطح پروتئینخام و نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه تأثیر معنی داری بر روی میزان دریافت نیتروژن داشتند. میزان دفع نیتروژن از طریق ادرار (گرم در روز) در برههای مصرف کننده تیمارهای دارای 18 درصد پروتئین خام، بیشتر بود. نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه تأثیر معنی داری بر روی میزان دفع نیتروژن از طریق ادرار (گرم در روز) داشت. میزان بیان ژن ناقل اوره (نوع ب) در برههای مصرف کننده تیمارهای دارای 18 درصد پروتئین خام، 56/6 بار بیشتر از برههای مصرف کننده تیمارهای دارای 14 درصد پروتئین خام بود. این نتایج نشان میدهد که میتوان از طریق تغییر نسبت علوفه به کنسانتره و سطح پروتئین خام خوراک، میزان بیان ژن ناقل اوره و در نهایت میزان نیتروژن اورهای بازگردانده شده به شکمبه را کنترل کرد. لذا تنظیم ناقلهای اوره در دیواره شکمبه از طریق خوراک میتواند نقش مهمی در کنترل نیتروژن اورهای وارد شده به مسیر هضمی ایفا کند. Manuscript profile -
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24 - اثرات متابولیکی اسیدهای لینولئیک کونژوگه (CLA) در مرغ: مرور منابع
م. رویان ب. نویدشاداسیدهای لینولئیک کونژوگه (CLA) اجزای طبیعی گوشت و فرآوردههای شیری نشخوارکنندگان هستند که از بیوهیدروژناسیون باکتریایی در شکمبه منشاء می­گیرند. مکمل CLA افزایش فواید سلامتی غذاهای با منشاء حیوانی را در پی دارد. گزارشهای ثابت شدهای از اثرات CLA جیره بر بازدهی تولید Moreاسیدهای لینولئیک کونژوگه (CLA) اجزای طبیعی گوشت و فرآوردههای شیری نشخوارکنندگان هستند که از بیوهیدروژناسیون باکتریایی در شکمبه منشاء می­گیرند. مکمل CLA افزایش فواید سلامتی غذاهای با منشاء حیوانی را در پی دارد. گزارشهای ثابت شدهای از اثرات CLA جیره بر بازدهی تولیدی مرغ در دست است، با این وجود، اکثر گزارشات پیشین به اثرات ضد-لیپدسازی CLA اشاره دارند. جیره­های غذایی می­تواند به گونه­ای تنظیم گردند که غلظت اسیدهای چرب n-3 در گوشت مرغ را توسط مصرف چربیهای n-3 به عنوان جایگزینی برای اجزای جیرهای غنی از اسیدهای چرب n-6، افزایش دهند. بوی نامطلوب و احتمال ایجاد فساد اکسیداتیو طی نگهداری گوشت به سطوح بالای اسیدهای چرب n-3 در جیره­های طیور نسبت داده شده است. یک شیوه پیشنهاد شده برای افزایش غلظت اسیدهای چرب n-3 و کاهش نسبت n-6/n-3 در گوشت، استفاده از اسید لینولئیک کونژوگه در جیره­ها است. این مقاله به مرور نکات اصلی اثرات متابولیکی CLA در مرغ می­پردازد. Manuscript profile -
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25 - بررسی بیان پنج ژن مرتبط با تنش در مرغان بومی خراسان تحت تنش گرمایی حاد
ر. توحیدی م.ر. نصیری ع. جوادمنش آ. جوانمرددمای بالا یکی از فاکتورهای اصلی محیطی مؤثر بر کاهش سود اقتصادی واحدهای پرورش طیور است زیرا، رشد و تولید پرنده را مختل می‎کند. پروتئین‎های شوک گرمایی (HSPs) نقش کلیدی در مکانیسم دفاعی سلولی علیه گرمای محیطی دارند. هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر، بررسی میزان بیان ژن&lrm Moreدمای بالا یکی از فاکتورهای اصلی محیطی مؤثر بر کاهش سود اقتصادی واحدهای پرورش طیور است زیرا، رشد و تولید پرنده را مختل می‎کند. پروتئین‎های شوک گرمایی (HSPs) نقش کلیدی در مکانیسم دفاعی سلولی علیه گرمای محیطی دارند. هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر، بررسی میزان بیان ژن‎های کاندیدا در کبد مرغان بومی خراسان تحت تنش گرمایی حاد بود. برای این منظور 16 جوجه 42 روزه به دو گروه تقسیم شدند؛ شاهد (دمای محیطی °C25 و رطوبت 50 درصد) و تحت تنش گرمایی (دمای محیطی °C42 و رطوبت 50 درصد)، و سپس از کبد آن‎ها نمونه‎برداری شد. سطح بیان ژن‎های HSPB1، HSPB9، SERPINH1، HSPA2 و HSP110 با روش RT-qPCR اندازه‎گیری شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که بیان ژن‎های HSPA2 و HSP110 به طور معنی‎داری افزایش داشت. سه فرایند از فرایندهای بیولوژیکی هستی‎شناسی ژنی دارای FDR کمتر از 0.01 بودند. ژن‎های HSPA2 و HSPB1 در این فرایندها شرکت داشتند که باعث تحریک سلول‎ها در برابر افزایش دما می‎شدند. این نتایج نشان می‎دهند که مرغان بومی خراسان مقاومت مطلوبی در برابر تنش گرمایی حاد دارند. همچنین، ژن HSPA2توانایی بیان زیاد در دمای محیطی بالا برای حفظ ساختار پروتئین‎های سلولی را دارد. Manuscript profile -
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26 - اثر دانههای سویا و کانولای برشته بر بیان ژن PPARG و خصوصیات شیر گاو
م. اَحسنی م.ر. محمدآبادی م. اسدی فوزی ع. اسمعیلی زاده کوشکوئه ا. خضری م. ویتالیونا بوشتراک M. Vitaliivna Bushtruk س. واسیلیوویچ تکاچنکو ر. ولادیمیریونا استاوتسکا ن. ایگوریونا کلاپمکوهدف این پژوهش بررسی تغییرات تولید و ترکیبات شیر، پروفایل اسیدهای چرب و بیان ژن PPARG در بافت چربی گاوهای هلشتاین ایران در پاسخ به جیره­های ایزونیتروژنوس و ایزوکالریک، در دانه­های روغنی متفاوت (دانه­های سویا و کانولا) بود. بیست گاو به صورت تصادفی با جیره­ Moreهدف این پژوهش بررسی تغییرات تولید و ترکیبات شیر، پروفایل اسیدهای چرب و بیان ژن PPARG در بافت چربی گاوهای هلشتاین ایران در پاسخ به جیره­های ایزونیتروژنوس و ایزوکالریک، در دانه­های روغنی متفاوت (دانه­های سویا و کانولا) بود. بیست گاو به صورت تصادفی با جیره­های آزمایشی تست شدند. نمونهبرداری از بافت چربی زیرپوستی انجام شد. به علاوه، ترکیب اسید چرب آنالیز شد، RNA کل استخراج شد، cDNA سنتز شد و نمونه­ها تکثیر شدند. نرم افزارهای SPSS 16.0، LinRegPCR و REST برای آنالیز نتایجReal-Time PCR بیان ژن مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. مقدار بیان ژن PPARG در بافت چربی برای تیمار دانه کانولا در مقایسه با دانه سویا بالاتر بود. تولید شیر، شیر تصحیح شده بر اساس چهار درصد چربی، درصد چربی، نیتروژن اوره­ای شیر و نمره وضعیت بدنی بین دو تیمار تفاوت معنی­داری داشت (05/0>P). نتایج نشان داد که مقدار بعضی اسیدهای چرب استخراج شده از بافت چربی با تغییر جیره تغییر می­کند. به طوریکه، برای اسیدهای چرب C16:1، C18:0 و C18:3t اثر معنیداری بین دو تیمار وجود داشت (05/0>P). به طور کلی، بیان ژن PPARG در کانولا معنی­دار نبود که می­تواند به دلیل شباهت بیشتر اسیدهای چرب بین کانولا و سویا و شباهت و تعادل مواد مغذی جیره باشد. بنابراین، دانه کانولا می­تواند گزینه خوبی برای جیره گاو شیری، به دلیل سطوح بالای چربی و پروتئین و قیمت پایین­تر آن نسبت به دانه سویا باشد. این دانه همچنین برای بهبود شیر، با تأثیرات تغذیه­ای بر ترکیب اسیدچرب شیر می­تواند استفاده شود. Manuscript profile -
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27 - بیان ژنهای میوجنین و میوستاتین در گوسفند بلوچی
ک. فروتن م. امین افشار ک. زرگری م. چمنی ن. امام جمعه کاشانژن میوجنین (MYoG) بر ساخت و رشد میوفیبریل­های ماهیچه و افزایش تولید گوشت مؤثر است. ژن میوستاتین (MSTN) به عنوان یک کنترل کننده منفی در رشد ماهیچه­های اسکلتی شناخته شده است، هنگامی که نرخ جهش در توالی این ژن بالا رود سطوح بیان میوستاتین نیز کاهش میابد. این فرآیند Moreژن میوجنین (MYoG) بر ساخت و رشد میوفیبریل­های ماهیچه و افزایش تولید گوشت مؤثر است. ژن میوستاتین (MSTN) به عنوان یک کنترل کننده منفی در رشد ماهیچه­های اسکلتی شناخته شده است، هنگامی که نرخ جهش در توالی این ژن بالا رود سطوح بیان میوستاتین نیز کاهش میابد. این فرآیند منجربه افزایش تمایز و تکثیر سلول­های ماهیچه­ای در دوران جنینی و افزایش درصد ماهیچه در طی دوره رشد گوسفند می­شود. گوسفند بلوچی یکی از مشهورترین نژادهای گوسفند در ایران بوده و سهم مهمی در صنعت تولید گوشت کشور دارد. جهت ارزیابی بیان نسبی سطوح دو ژن میوجنین و میوستاتین در ماهیچه­های لانژیسموس گوسفند بلوچی از واکنش qRT-PCR استفاده شد. در این بررسی سطوح بیان نسبی این دو ژن عمده در فواصل دو گروه سنی 9 تا 12 ماهگی در دو جنس نر و ماده گوسفند بلوچی مطالعه شد. نتایج حاصل آنالیز RT-PCR برای بیان نسبی دو ژن میوستاتین و میوجنین در ماهیچه لانژیسموس گوسفند بلوچی اثر جنس تفاوت معنی­داری بین نر و ماده در سنین مختلف رشد نبود (05/0<P)، همچنین تفاوت معنی­داری در مقایسه بین نرهای 12 ماهه و ماده­های 12 ماهه (05/0<P) و مقایسه بین نرهای 9 ماهه و ماده­های 9 ماهه (05/0<P) مشاهده نشد. برای تعیین اثر سن بر روی بیان نسبی ژن­های میوستاتین و میوجنین در ماهیچه لانژیسموس گوسفند بلوچی مقایسه­ای بین سن 9 ماهگی و 12 ماهگی در هر دو جنس انجام شد و تفاوت معنی­داری مشاهده نشد (05/0<P). بنظر می­رسد جنسیت و سن تأثیر مستقیم بر بیان ژن میوستاتین و میوجنین در این نژاد ندارد (05/0<P). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Investigation of BAD Gene Expression Following Chloriazepoxide Effect on pregnancy In the hippocampus of mouse infants
Amin Dinarvand Mehrdad Hashemi Rasool Dinarvand Shabnam Movaseghi Mojtaba JafariniaBackground: Chlorodiazepoxide is an anxiolytic agent commonly used by young people and pregnant women to reduce anxiety and control preeclampsia and eclampsia. Some studies have shown that this medication disrupts the functioning of the cholinergic system. Due to the in MoreBackground: Chlorodiazepoxide is an anxiolytic agent commonly used by young people and pregnant women to reduce anxiety and control preeclampsia and eclampsia. Some studies have shown that this medication disrupts the functioning of the cholinergic system. Due to the increased cellular damage of bad gene expression, the effect of cholorodiazepoxide use during pregnancy on bad gene expression in the hippocampus of neonatal rats was investigated. Methods: In this study, 9 female Wistar rats were pregnant and randomly divided into three groups: control, experimental (intraperitoneal injection of chlordiazoxoxide 10 mg / kg for 21 days) and carriers (saline). Two weeks after the birth, the brain of the neonates was removed from the skull and the expression of the propaoptotic gene of Bad was investigated. Results: The level of gene expression was analyzed by Rest software and a significant level of P Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the administration of chlorodiazepoxide during pregnancy can cause neuronal damage in the hippocampus of Wistar rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The effect of adding calf serum on the virulence genes expression of Staphylococcus aureus
Hadi Koohsari Ezzat Allah Ghaemi Noor Amirmozaffari Maryam Sadegh SheshpoliBackground & Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen and one of the most important health-threatening agents worldwide. Expression of bacterial virulence factors is not similar in laboratory medium conditions and in vivo. The aim of the presen MoreBackground & Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen and one of the most important health-threatening agents worldwide. Expression of bacterial virulence factors is not similar in laboratory medium conditions and in vivo. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of adding 5% calf serum on the virulence genes expression of S. aureus. Materials & Methods: The expression levels of agrA, RNAIII, hla, spa, and mecA genes were determined during the growth of S. aureus isolates in BHI broth and BHI broth enriching with calf serum during different growth phases. Therefore, the growth curve of the five isolates of S. aureus in two different culture conditions was plotted. Subsequently, RNA was extracted from different phases of growth and the genes expression were analyzed by Real-time PCR. Results: In average, the expression levels of agrA and RNAIII from stationary phase to the exponential phase in BHI broth containing calf serum was increased 3.4 and 9.5-fold, respectively, while the agr system could not appropriately play its regulatory role in the expression of virulence genes. As a result, the expression of hla gene was decreased 0.81-fold and the expression levels of spa and mecA genes was only increased 1.25 and 1.03-fold, respectively. Conclusion: Regardless of the growth phase, the expression of the whole genes in BHI broth containing calf serum were increased in comparison to BHI broth. Consequently, it appears that S. aureus is capable to induce virulence genes expression in the presence of calf serum factors similar to conditions available in vivo. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - In vitro production of recombinant ergokonin protein and its application in the polylactic acid film to control Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum
Mohammad javad Akbarian Meymand Arash BabaeiBackground & Objectives: Fungal is one of the most important causes of food spoilage. The use of antimicrobial active packaging increases food safety and shelf life. Hence, this study aimed to produce antifungal compounds (Ergoconin) and its application in the polyl MoreBackground & Objectives: Fungal is one of the most important causes of food spoilage. The use of antimicrobial active packaging increases food safety and shelf life. Hence, this study aimed to produce antifungal compounds (Ergoconin) and its application in the polylactic acid film to reduce the fungal contamination of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum. Materials & Methods: To produce the Ergoconin recombinant protein, the target gene was entered into the pET21 expression vector, and the recombinant vector was transferred to Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) as host of expression. Gene expression was evaluated by SDS-PAGE, western blot and dot blot. To purify the recombinant protein, a chromatography column was used. Poly-lactic acid bioactive films were prepared by casting method and adding different amounts of Ergoconin (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75%) to 4% wt Poly-lactic acid solution. To investigate the antifungal effect of the poly-lactic acid film, Disc diffusion was used. Results: Ergokonin gene was replicated by specific primers. The expression of recombinant protein was performed by SDS-PAGE and confirmed by dot and western blot. Ergoconin compound had an antifungal effect on both fungi. The inhibition zone diameter for both fungi increased with increasing Ergoconin concentration. The antimicrobial film had a more antifungal effect on Penicillium notatum. Conclusion: Ergoconin destroys fungi by preventing the synthesis of glucan in the wall of fungi. Therefore, Poly-lactic acid film containing Ergoconin can be used as antimicrobial active packaging to increase food safety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Toxicity effects of alpha (α) and epsilon (ε) toxins produced by Clostridium perfringens type D
Mahnaz Karimi Mehrdad Shamsaddini Bafti Majid Ezatkhah Mohammad KargarBackground and Objectives: Clostridium perfringens is one of the most pathogenic species in the clostridium genus. Alpha (α) and epsilon (ε) are the main toxins of this bacteria. This study aimed to express the genes encoding alpha and epsilon toxins of C. MoreBackground and Objectives: Clostridium perfringens is one of the most pathogenic species in the clostridium genus. Alpha (α) and epsilon (ε) are the main toxins of this bacteria. This study aimed to express the genes encoding alpha and epsilon toxins of C. perfringens type D in two media (in the base medium and the base medium containing liver powder) and to analyze their toxicity. Materials and Methods: The standard strain was inoculated in the base enrichment medium, which half of them were enriched by powder liver. Then, RNAs were extracted and after converting to cDNA using double polymerase chain reaction, the gene expression was investigated on gels. The level of protein expression was measured by spectrophotometery and the cell toxicity of these proteins was determined by minimum lethal dose (MLD) assay. Results: The electrophoresis of PCR products showed two bands, 324 and 625, which represented successful expression of the genes encoding of alpha and epsilon toxins in both media. The mean cell cytotoxicity of the proteins expressed in the base medium and the base medium containing liver powder were measured 1/4000 and 1/4333, respectively. The mean protein production in the base medium and the base medium containing liver powder were measured 94.39 and 48.01 mg/ml. Conclusions: This study showed that these genes are expressed in the presence of liver powder. Furthermore, based on the MLD assay in these media, although these genes expressed the genes in the presence of liver powder, this additives did not had any effects on their toxicity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Cloning and Cytoplasmic Expression of L-Asparaginase II in E. coli
Hossein Mahboudi Mansour Abachi Shahram Araghi Haleh Hamedifar Behrouz Vaziri Fereidoun MahboudiBackground and objectives: L-Asparaginase (isozyme II) is a natural product of E. coli that possesses an antitumor activity. This enzymeis used for treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The aim of this study was to clone of the corresponding gene without signal p MoreBackground and objectives: L-Asparaginase (isozyme II) is a natural product of E. coli that possesses an antitumor activity. This enzymeis used for treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The aim of this study was to clone of the corresponding gene without signal peptide and also without first methionine as well as to express the gene in cytoplasm. Materials and Methods: The L-Asparaginase gene was isolated by PCR from E. coli K12 strain and cloned into engineered expression vector pET32. Sequencing and evaluation of gene expression were done by routine procedure. Methionine amino peptidase containing recombinant plasmid was purified and transferred into recombinant asparaginase producing bacterium by heat shock method. Results: The majority of L-asparaginase was expressed in cytoplasm. Based on high expression of methionine amino peptidase enzyme in E. coli Origami, it was expected that the first methionine of L-asparaginase has been removed efficiently. Conclusion: According to the achieved results, the recombinant bacterium with extensive ability to express cytoplasmic recombinant L-asparaginase is an ideal candidate for industrial production of L-asparaginase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Comparison inducible candidate gene expression patterns under salinity stress in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
M. Gomarian M. A. Malbooi F. Darvish S. A. MohammadiIn order to investigation intra specious variation to salinity tolerance in wheat gene expression patterns were compared in salt tolerant and sensitive wheat under control and stress conditions. Reverse northern blot technique was used to compare gene expression pattern MoreIn order to investigation intra specious variation to salinity tolerance in wheat gene expression patterns were compared in salt tolerant and sensitive wheat under control and stress conditions. Reverse northern blot technique was used to compare gene expression patterns. To simplify, sixteen gene expression patterns were considered in salt tolerant and sensitive genotype in control and stress conditions. The gene expression patterns of the studied genes were located in ten out of sixteen gene expression patterns. The most important expression patterns were number 2, 6, 8 and 12. More genes were placed in the expression pattern of the number 2 than to other expression patterns. The majority of the transcription factor expressions were located in the four above gene expression patterns. Seven genes up regulated in both sensitive and tolerant genotypes in the present of salt stress. In the current study, four genes were selected as long term salt tolerant candidate genes in Mahooti cultivar including LEA, CBEFP, bZIP5 and wsr3 genes from second, sixth, eighth and twelfth expression patterns, respectively. The results also indicated that a larger number of salt responsive transcripts were expressed in tolerant genotype. These results show that differences in the gene expression patterns in varieties within species may produce salt stress tolerant and sensitive genotypes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Evaluation of GAS8-AS1 Long Non-Coding RNA and GAS8 Target Gene Expression in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Mona Patoughi Soudeh Ghafouri-FardExpression of the growth arrest specific 8 (GAS8) and its naturally occurring antisense RNA (asRNA) (GAS8-AS1) was assessed in tumoral tissues of different origins. However, their association with immune-related disorders has been poorly understood. In the current study MoreExpression of the growth arrest specific 8 (GAS8) and its naturally occurring antisense RNA (asRNA) (GAS8-AS1) was assessed in tumoral tissues of different origins. However, their association with immune-related disorders has been poorly understood. In the current study, we evaluated the expression levels of these genes in 50 relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients compared with age and sex matched control. Expression assays were performed on peripheral blood samples of study participants following extraction of total RNA and cDNA synthesis using blood. Measurements were then made using the TaqMan (Real Time PCR) method with specific primers and probes sequences. Expression of both genes was significantly higher compared to controls (P=0.001 and p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Evaluation of Changes in the Expression of miR-1193 in Tissue Samples of Patients with Glioblastoma Multiform
Ali Hoseinyazdi Elham Moslemi Vajiheh Zarrinpour Mohammad Mahdi ForghanifardGlioblastoma is one of the most malignant cancers worldwide, which due to the difficulty of early diagnosis, most affected people die within a year after diagnosis. Non-coding RNAs are a group of RNAs acting as post-transcriptional regulators and can play an essential r MoreGlioblastoma is one of the most malignant cancers worldwide, which due to the difficulty of early diagnosis, most affected people die within a year after diagnosis. Non-coding RNAs are a group of RNAs acting as post-transcriptional regulators and can play an essential role in cancer diagnosis. This study was aimed at investigating the expression level of miR-1193 in glioblastoma multiform and normal tissue samples and their correlation with the grade, age, and sex parameters. In this study, the expression level of miR-1193 was quantified in 50 glioblastoma multiform tissues (at different stages of disease), and 50 normal ones using the Real-Time PCR technique. GraphPad Prism 8 software was used for statistical analysis. The results of this study revealed down-regulation of the miR-1193 glioblastoma multiform samples compared to normal ones. The expression of miR-1193 was not significantly correlated with grade, age, and sex parameters. Finally, increased expression of miR-1193 could play an essential role in glioblastoma multiform. Moreover, according to Roc curve analysis and determining the cut-off value for this biomarker, it was found that the off-cut value was equal to 5.141 for miR-1193, which can detect patients with specificity of 1 and sensitivity of 0.78. However, due to its relatively low sensitivity, more research should be conducted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Effects of Ovo Injection of Silver Nanoparticles on Immune System Response in Broiler Chickens
Samira Arabameri Firooz Samadi Behrooz Dastar Zarbakht Ansari Reza MobaseriIn this study, the effect of ovo injection of silver nanoparticles on the immune system response of broilers was studied. In this regard, 560 eggs were randomly divided into four groups with four replications. Experimental groups included: 1) positive control (injection MoreIn this study, the effect of ovo injection of silver nanoparticles on the immune system response of broilers was studied. In this regard, 560 eggs were randomly divided into four groups with four replications. Experimental groups included: 1) positive control (injection of 1 mL of physiological serum on the seventh day of incubation), 2) negative control (no injection of physiological serum), 3) injection of 20 mg silver nanoparticles, and 4) injection of 40 mg silver nanoparticles per it was an egg. The injection of silver nanoparticles and the control group was performed on day 7 of the incubation period. At the end of the incubation period, the chicks were counted to check the percentage of hatchability and after weighting, they were slaughtered to check the parameters of the immune system. There was a significant difference in hatching percentage in experimental groups (p <0.05) so that the negative control group showed the highest percentage of hatching chickens. Silver nanoparticles improved the growth of chickens during the incubation period (p <0.05) so that the group receiving 20 mg of silver nanoparticles showed the highest body weight. Silver nanoparticles significantly increased the relative weight of liver and spleen (p <0.05). Immunoglobulin G (IgG, M (IgM) concentration, total white blood cell count, and heterophile to lymphocyte ratio did not show significant differences (p >0.05). Hepatic tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene expression Interleukin (6) (IL-, beta-modifying growth factor (TGF-β)) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) showed significant differences in the experimental groups (p <0.05). The group receiving 20 mg of silver nanoparticles showed the highest level of gene expression. In general, the results of this study showed that ovo injection of silver nanoparticles strengthens the immune system of broilers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Investigating The Effect of Cardiac Rebalitation Program Based on Combined Training on VEGF Gene Expression in ACS Patients with CABG
Seyed Emad Alavinia Amir Rashidlamir Rambod Khajei Amene Barjasteh YazdiCardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality and death in all areas of the world except Africa. This study aimed at the effect of eight-week combined training on Endostatin and VEGF gene expression in CABG patients.This is an applied and semi-experimental MoreCardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality and death in all areas of the world except Africa. This study aimed at the effect of eight-week combined training on Endostatin and VEGF gene expression in CABG patients.This is an applied and semi-experimental research with two groups (interventional and control), which was conducted as a pretest and posttest. 30 middle-aged CABG men were selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Participants were randomly divided into two groups of control and combined training. Quantitative Real-time PCR was utilized to measure Endostatin and VEGF gene expression levels. The eight-week combined exercise training was conducted in three sessions per a week. Dependent t-test and independent t-test were used to data analysis. A significant increase was observed after eight weeks of combined training on VEGF gene expression in CABG patients. (p=0.001), but it was not Significant on Endostatin gene expression( p=0.38) . Eight weeks of combined Cardiac Rehabilitation training as the protocol used in this research increased the expression of the VEGF gene in CABG patients , but there were not any significant changes on Endostatin gene expression by this way. As a result, the increase in the VEGF gene is one of the results of adaptation to the combined exercise activity used in this study, and it appears that physical activity is an important and effective factor in the process of angiogenesis, and can play a key role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Synthesized Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Foeniculum vulgare Essential Oil
Mohammad Sharifalhoseini Ali Es-haghi Gholamhasan Vaezi Hooman ShajieeAngiogenesis is a physiological process that involves the formation of new blood vessels, contributing to the development and progression of various diseases, including metastatic cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions. Vascular endothelial growth MoreAngiogenesis is a physiological process that involves the formation of new blood vessels, contributing to the development and progression of various diseases, including metastatic cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the main regulators of tumor angiogenesis. Studies show that VEGF and its receptor (VEGF-R) are often upregulated in tumor tissues, and the overexpression of VEGF increases tumor growth and metastasis. This research aimedto synthesize solid-lipid nanoparticles containing Foeniculum vulgare essential oil and investigate its anti-angiogenic effects. For this purpose, the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was used, and the expression of two important genes involved in the angiogenesis process, VEGF and VEGF-R was assessed using Real-Time PCR. The results showed a decrease in the growth rate of blood vessels in the CAM model, indicating the anti-angiogenic effects of the nanoparticles. Also, Real Time-PCR confirmed a decrease in the expression of the VEGF and VEGF-R genes. The results of this study showed that solid-lipid nanoparticles containing Foeniculum vulgare essential oil had anti-angiogenic properties and; therefore, can be useful agents for treating cancer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Evaluation of Changes in miR-20a Expression Changes in War Wounded Exposed to Mustard Gas
Mohadese Valizadeh Masoud Soleimani Shiva Irani Mahmood TavallaeiSulfur mustard or mustard gas is a blistering agent that has been used as a war weapon. Chemical veterans are people who have multiple injuries in different organs, especially in the skin. Studies have shown that the side effects of mustard gas are the result of alkylat MoreSulfur mustard or mustard gas is a blistering agent that has been used as a war weapon. Chemical veterans are people who have multiple injuries in different organs, especially in the skin. Studies have shown that the side effects of mustard gas are the result of alkylation with DNA, RNA, protein, and lipids, which leads to metabolic and genetic changes. The respiratory system and the skin are the main targets of mustard gas alkylation. microRNAs are small non-coding and single-stranded RNAs that play a role in the spatial and spatial regulation of protein synthesis and the stability of messenger RNA. The disruption of the expression of any miRNA gene will be equal to the disruption of the expression of several protein-coding genes, each of which can play an essential role in cell biology, so to investigate the changes in the expression of microRNA, miR-20a, in the skin of chemically injured people. In this study, 30 skin biopsy samples were collected, including 10 samples from patients with moderate SM, 10 samples from patients with severe SM, and 10 control samples. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed. The expression of the miR-20a gene was investigated using the Real-time PCR method. 5s rRNA gene was used as the internal control. GraphPad Prism 6.07 software was used for the statistical analysis of data. Roc curve was used to check the biomarker value of the miR-20a gene. In this study, according to the results of the Roc curve, the miR-20a gene in the skin has a biomarker value, but it needs more study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Effect of different levels of dietary vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone supplementation on cellular immune challenges, intestinal microbial population, intestinal morphology and MUC2 gene expression in laying Japanese quails
Yaser Rahimian Farshid Kheiri Mostafa FaghaniIn order to investigate the effect of consuming diets supplemented with different levels of vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone on cellular immune system challenges, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbial population and MUC2 gene expression in laying Japanese quail MoreIn order to investigate the effect of consuming diets supplemented with different levels of vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone on cellular immune system challenges, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbial population and MUC2 gene expression in laying Japanese quails, 210 female Japanese quails aged 85-35 days with 7 experimental treatments including the control group and those consuming vitamin E, thymoquinone and sesamin at levels of 100 and 200 ml.gram/kg of standard feed was used with 5 repetitions and 6 pieces of laying quail in each repetition. At the end of the period (85 days), after killing two quails from each repetition, the relative weight of thymus, spleen and bursa of fabricius and the liver enzymes activity indices such as albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were investigated. Dinitrochlorobenzene sensitization challenge test and response to the injection of mitogen phytohemagglutinin into the left wing web were studied. Sampling was done to evaluate the morphology of the intestinal tissue and the microbial flora population of the small intestine. To investigate the expression of MUC2 gene, samples from jejunum were collected and RT-PCR method was performed. The results showed that the consumption of supplemented diets caused a significant increase in the bursa.f relative weight (p ≤ 0.05) and a non-significant improvement of the liver enzyemes activity (p ≥ 0.05). The significant increase of beneficial microbial flora (Lactobacillus) and decrease of the colony population of (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica) bacteria in the intestine along with the increase in the surface of the villi and the density of the number of goblet cells indicated the beneficial effects of the active compounds used in improving the health status of quails (p ≤ 0.05). Consuming supplemented diets with levels of vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone caused an increase in MUC2 mRNA expression in the intestine. The results showed the benefits of vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone consumption on cell mediated mediated immunity, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbial flora and MUC2 mRNA expression in laying Japanese quails. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Investigating the Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on the Changes of Bax, BCL2, TGF-β Genes Expression in Cancer Cells of Rat’s Gastric Tissue by Dimethylhydrazine
Saber Gharatapehloo Tahereh Naji Abdolreza MohammadniaThe studies showed Bax and Bcl2, as very important genes in the process of apoptosis that can prevent cancer. The role of TGFβ gene has been also proven as a very important gene in the process of invasion and metastasis in cancers. This study aims at evaluating the MoreThe studies showed Bax and Bcl2, as very important genes in the process of apoptosis that can prevent cancer. The role of TGFβ gene has been also proven as a very important gene in the process of invasion and metastasis in cancers. This study aims at evaluating the expression changes of these three very important genes in cancer cells of rat gastric tissue by Dimethylhydrazine. In this study, forty male Wistar rats and 53 weeks old rats were evaluated and were divided into four ten-groups. The control group received only water and food, the second group received carcinogens without Cinnamaldehyde, the third group received only Cinnamaldehyde and the fourth group received carcinogens with Cinnamaldehyde at the same time. Then, the gastric tissue of rats was isolated and evaluated for the expression of Bax, Bcl2 and TGFβ genes with real-time PCR. The data was analyzed with one-way Anova using SPSS. The results of statistical analysis showed that the expression of in the carcinogen receptor Cinnamaldehyde increased in Bax, decreased in Bcl2 but increased in TGFβ genes compared with the control group, respectively. The results of this study showed that Cinnamaldehyde can be altered by changes in the expression of genes and it is hoped that in further researches, Cinnamaldehyde be considered as a candidate for therapeutic supplements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Evaluation of LncRNA SNHG15 Expression Changes in the Tissues of Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients Using Real-Time PCR
Sahar Shakeri yekta Elham Moslemi Soyar Sari Fatemeh Roholla Hamidreza KheiriGlioblastoma is an aggressive malignant tumor of the brain and spinal cord. Several lines of evidence indicate an important oncogenic role of highly non-coding RNA (lncRNA) molecules in a variety of cancers including glioma, however, the tumorigenic function of lens in MoreGlioblastoma is an aggressive malignant tumor of the brain and spinal cord. Several lines of evidence indicate an important oncogenic role of highly non-coding RNA (lncRNA) molecules in a variety of cancers including glioma, however, the tumorigenic function of lens in glioma remains largely unclear. Increasing evidence has shown that lncRNAs, including LncRNA SNHG15, play an important role in the pathophysiology of human diseases, especially in the pathogenesis and progression of cancers. In this study, 25 paraffin tissue blocks of patients with glioblastoma multiforme and tumor margin tissue were collected and RNA extracted. Synthesis of cDNA and analysis of SNHG15 expression was done by Real-Time PCR technique. ROC curve was drawn to check the biomarker value and statistical analysis was done by GraphPad Prism v.8.0.1. An increase in the expression of SNHG15 was recorded in the tissue samples of patients compared to the tissue of the tumor margin (p < 0.0001). There was a significant relationship in the expression of this gene in patients aged more than 50 years and less than 50 years (p = 0.6573), Frontal, Temporal, Parietal, Occipital, and Other locations (P value = 0.9802), survival in more than 12 months and less than 12 months (p = 0.5007) was not observed, only in male and female sex (p = 0.0001) was registered. The expression of LncRNA SNHG15 was recorded in the tumor tissue of patients with glioblastoma multiforme more than in the peripheral tumor tissue. By examining the ROC curve, it is possible that LncRNA SNHG15 can be proposed as a biomarker, but it needs more studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Investigating the Changes of miR-21 Expression in the Skin Sample of Veterans Exposed to Mustard Gas during Iran-Iraq War
Mohadese Valizadeh Masoud Soleimani Shiva Irani Mohammad Reza Nourani Mahmood TavallaeiMustard sulfur (SM) is a blister and has destructive effects on the lungs, eyes, and skin. MicroRNAs are non-coding RNA molecules that regulate many important cellular pathways. The clear association of microRNA expression changes in a wide range of diseases and their i MoreMustard sulfur (SM) is a blister and has destructive effects on the lungs, eyes, and skin. MicroRNAs are non-coding RNA molecules that regulate many important cellular pathways. The clear association of microRNA expression changes in a wide range of diseases and their interception in various organs of the body, including the skin, has made them a suitable biomarker. This study aims at evaluating the changes in miR-21 gene expression in chemical warfare victims infected with SM. In this study, skin biopsy specimens including 10 veterans exposed to SM with moderate complications, 10 veterans exposed to SM with severe complications, and 10 control samples were collected, and then total RNA was extracted. cDNA synthesis was performed. MiR-21 gene expression was assessed using real-time PCR. 5 s rRNA gene was used as the internal control. Graph Pad Prism software version 6.07 was used for the statistical analysis of data. Roc curve was used to evaluate the biomarker value of the miR-21 gene. Increased expression of the miR-21 gene was observed in samples of SM veterans compared with normal samples. There was a statistically significant difference in the expression of the miR-21 gene in the skin samples of veterans exposed to SM with moderate complications and veterans exposed to SM with severe complications compared with the samples of control skin (P-value 0.0001). The expression of the miR-21 gene in the skin samples of veterans exposed to SM with severe complications and veterans exposed to SM with moderate complications in old age was not significantly related to the control sample (P-value = 0.8049, P-value = 0.3802). This study showed that the relative expression of miR-21 could be a potential biomarker in distinguishing SM veterans from healthy individuals but needs further researches.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Effect of Induced Obesity and Intense Interval Training on PI3K/AKT1/mTORc1 Axisin Cardiac Tissue of Male Wistar Rats
sina rezazadeh Sanaz Mirzayan Shanjani Mojtaba Eizadi Saeed Sedaghati Yaser KazemzadehEpidemiological studies have always supported obesity as a cause of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of intense interval exercise on the expression of some genes effective in physiologica MoreEpidemiological studies have always supported obesity as a cause of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of intense interval exercise on the expression of some genes effective in physiological cardiac hypertrophy (PI3K, AKT1, mTORc1) in obese Wistar rats. For this purpose, from 21 male Wistar rats aged 10 weeks (220 ± 10 g), 14 after induction of obesity by 6 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) were randomly divided to control obese (n = 7) or interval obese (n = 7) groups. Also, 7 rats with normal weight were selected as normal group. The interval obese rats were completed 8-weeks interval training (5 times weekly) in the form of interval runs on the treadmill. The control obese and normal groups did not participate in the exercise program. 48 hours after the last training session, the expression of PI3K, AKT1 and mTORc1 genes in heart tissue was measured and compared between groups by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. Induction of obesity led to a significant decrease in PI3K, AKT1 and mTORc1 in the heart tissue in the obese control group compared to the normal group (p = 0.001). Compared to the obese control group, interval training increased the expression of PI3K (p = 0.001) and mTORc1 (p = 0.001), but AKT1 expression did not change significantly in response to interval training (p = 0.603). Interval training is associated with improving the expression of genes affecting the physiological hypertrophy of the heart tissue in obese rats. Knowing the molecular cellular mechanisms responsible for this process requires more studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Effect of Lycium depressum Root on Bax , Bcl-2 Gene Expressions and Evaluation of Caspase 3 and 6 Activity on Uterine Cervical Cancer cells line (Hela)
Yasamin Khani Tahereh Naji Soheila Zamanlui Benisi Saeid Mohamadi MotamedCervical cancer is the third cause of death caused by cancer in women. After breast cancer, cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women. Today, due to the numerous side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy that are caused to the patient as a result of th MoreCervical cancer is the third cause of death caused by cancer in women. After breast cancer, cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women. Today, due to the numerous side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy that are caused to the patient as a result of their use, as well as the resistance of cancer cells to common treatments, researchers have turned to new drugs with greater effectiveness and less toxicity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Lycium depressum root on the expression of Bcl2 and Bax genes and to evaluate the activity of caspases 3 and 6 in cervical cancer cells (Hela). In this study, firstly, the extract of Lycium depressum root was obtained by soaking method, then cervical cancer cells were prepared and cultured, in order to calculate the optimal effective dose of the extract, the MTT technique was used. The concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/ml were chosen as optimal doses. Then the expression of Bcl2 and Bax genes was evaluated by Real-time PCR technique. Next, in order to evaluate the activity of caspases 3 and 6 in effective doses of the extract, cervical cancer cells (Hela) were affected and protein expression was measured using the immunocytochemistry (ICC) technique. The results of this research showed that the roots of the Turkmen oleander plant can cause changes in the expression of important Bcl2 and Bax genes in the path of apoptosis induction. In addition, it increases the protein expression of caspase 3 and 6 in cancer cells. Therefore, it can be hoped that in additional research on the extract of Lycium depressum root, it will be considered a candidate for the treatment of complementary medicine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - The effect of resistance training on the expression of cell adhesion molecules and RAGE in left ventricular of diabetes rats induced by high-fat diet and STZ
Mohammad Reza Bagheri Afsariehee Abdolali Banaeifar Sajad Arshadi Shahram SohaeilyIntroduction: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a pathophysiological condition that occurs in response to diabetes and leads to heart failure. The purpose of this study was to the effect of resistance training on ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and RAGE gene expression in left ventricula MoreIntroduction: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a pathophysiological condition that occurs in response to diabetes and leads to heart failure. The purpose of this study was to the effect of resistance training on ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and RAGE gene expression in left ventricular in obese rats with type 2 diabetes.Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 14 male Wistar (220 ± 10 g) diabetic rats induced by high fat diet and STZ injection were randomly divided into resistance or control groups. The training protocol was performed for 6 weeks in 5 sessions per week in the form of 3 sets with 5 repetitions in each set. Rest intervals between sets and repetitions in each set were 90 and 30 seconds, respectively. All rats were dissected 48 h after the last training session. The independent t-test was used to compare variables at a significance level of alpha less than 5 percent.Results: Resistance training did not lead to a significant change in the expression of ICAM-1 (P = 0.237), VCAM-1 (P = 0.295) and RAGE (P = 0.561) compared to the control group. However, it led to a significant decrease in glucose and insulin resistance and a significant increase in serum insulin (P = 0.001).Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, resistance training in the absence of changes in the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and RAGE in left ventricular is associated with the improvement of glycemic profile and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Evaluation of GAS8-AS1 Long Non-coding RNA Expression and GAS8 Target Gene in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Mona Patoghi Soudeh Ghafouri-FardThe expression of the growth arrest specific 8 (GAS8) and its naturally occurring anti-sense RNA (GAS8-AS1) have been assessed in tumoral tissues of different origins. However, their association with immune-related disorders has been poorly understood. In the current st MoreThe expression of the growth arrest specific 8 (GAS8) and its naturally occurring anti-sense RNA (GAS8-AS1) have been assessed in tumoral tissues of different origins. However, their association with immune-related disorders has been poorly understood. In the current study, we evaluated expression levels of these genes in 50 relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients compared to the age and sex matched healthy controls. Expression assays were performed on peripheral blood samples of study participants. Total RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed using blood samples. Then assay was performed using TaqMan (Real Time PCR) technique by designing specific primers and probes sequences. Expression of both genes was significantly higher compared to controls (P=0.001 and P<0.0001, respectively). The difference in GAS8 expression was also significant in total female patients and females aged less than 50 years compared to the corresponding controls (P=0.002 and 0.006 respectively). GAS8-AS1 expression was higher in male patients in both age-based subgroups compared to the corresponding healthy subjects (P<0.0001). Expression of both genes was inversely related to the age of male participants, but this relationship was observed in none of the subgroups. The current study shows the significance of GAS8 and GAS8-AS1 in the pathogenesis of MS and the putative role of GAS8-AS1 as a diagnostic biomarker in a subset of patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Evaluation of Lung Surfactant on Gene Expression of MCP-1 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Rabbit Model
M. Aliverdilo M.R. Mokhber Dezfouli Z. Eftekhari M. ParyanExogenous lung surfactant has been prescribed in some respiratory disorders. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 produced by monocytes induces phagocytosis to remove infection from the body. For in vivo evaluation, five rabbits were selected, anesthetized and surfactant solu MoreExogenous lung surfactant has been prescribed in some respiratory disorders. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 produced by monocytes induces phagocytosis to remove infection from the body. For in vivo evaluation, five rabbits were selected, anesthetized and surfactant solutions were infused into the lungs. Blood samples were collected to determine the cytokines at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h, 7 d and 30 d after drug administration and gene expression evaluated by Real-time PCR. Serum levels of MCP-1 increased at 24 h after surfactant therapy. Additionally, gene expression of MCP-1 at 48 h after drug administration reached its maximum. A surfactant as a therapeutic agent can up-regulates cytokines release from cells in different ways and could contribute to the recruitment of inflammatory cells within the air spaces in different condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Investigation of RORA Gene Expression in Iranian Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients
Sakineh Nayeri Arezoo Sayad Vida Hojati Mohammad TaheriMultiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most important autoimmune diseases targeting central nervous system (OMIM: 126200). It is known to be the second factor of movement disability in the world which is increasing in recent years. It is essential to perform fundamental MoreMultiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most important autoimmune diseases targeting central nervous system (OMIM: 126200). It is known to be the second factor of movement disability in the world which is increasing in recent years. It is essential to perform fundamental and functional studies on its prevention and treatment. Although the major causes of MS incidence are still unclear, CD4 (+) myelin-specific T cells play central role in generation and inflammation balance. Accordingly, activated CD4 (+) T cells in peripheral, penetrate into the CNS and trigger the inflammation cascade by inducing secretion of cytokine and chemokine. Among Th17 cells, one of CD4 (+) T cell lines is recently shown to be mainly involved in MS incidence. The role of RORA gene in the developmental pathways Th17 cells, and regarding evidence suggesting RORA receptors as potential treatment targets respecting inflammation disorders such as MS. Study on this gene would help us to discover the molecular causes of MS. We selected 30 individuals affected with MS and 30 healthy normal controls matched in gender and age. After filling a questionnaire, peripheral blood was obtained and total RNA was extracted by GeneAll kit. Then, cDNA was synthesized using GeneAll cDNA synthetize kit. Expression of RORA gene was investigated using TaqMan Real-Time PCR. Results were analyzed using Linreg and Rest 2009 software. Expression of RORA gene was not significantly reduced compared to controls (P=0.197). Moreover, expression of RORA gene was not significantly different between genders (P=0.142, P=0.156). There was no significant difference in RORA gene expression between cases and control group. Expression level of RORA gene may have not important effect on the disease. Manuscript profile
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