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Open Access Article
1 - Corporate Strategies
هاشم Nikoumaram M.A AbdolvandEach Corporation should have a mission and determine it’s objective based on it’s strategic vision . The achievement of corporate objectives shiuld re MoreEach Corporation should have a mission and determine it’s objective based on it’s strategic vision . The achievement of corporate objectives shiuld result in fulfillment of corporation’s mission. Objectives shiuld be the result of simultaneous analysis of firm’s resource strengths and weaknesses and its external opportunities and threats , commonly known as SWOT anslysis . Objective is the end result of planned activity , but a strategy of a corporation forms a comprehensive master plan stating how the corporation will achieve it’s mission and objectives. Corporate strategy deals with three key issues facing the corporate as a whole :(1) directional strategy ( the firm’s overall orientation toward growth , stability , or retrenchment ) ,(2) portfolio strategy (the Industries or markets in which the firm competes through its products and business units , and (3) parenting strategy ( the manner in which management coordinates activities and transfers resources and cultivates capabilities among product lines and business units) . these strategies are discussed in details through the article. Management’s art is to be a ware of different strategies and the best among alternative based on SWOT analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The predictive ability and information content of aggregate earnings beyond disaggregate earnings
R. Shabahang Z. LashgariThe predictive ability and explanatory power of an aggregate model of reported earnings is compared to adisaggregated model of reported earnings by examining their associations with contemporaneous stockreturns and future earnings. The change in annual reported earnings MoreThe predictive ability and explanatory power of an aggregate model of reported earnings is compared to adisaggregated model of reported earnings by examining their associations with contemporaneous stockreturns and future earnings. The change in annual reported earnings is disaggregated into changes in revenue,operating margin, and other expenses in order to examine whether they individually and jointly conveyinformation about future earnings that is not reflected in aggregate earnings and whether this incrementalpredictive ability is reflected in security prices.This study contributes to the information content literature in two ways. First, it examines the informationand valuation link between the operating income components of reported earnings and future earnings andstock returns. Second, the empirical analysis is conducted on an industry basis and over a eight-year periodto examine how the predictive ability and information content of earnings and its components vary acrossindustries and over time.The results indicate the following. First, changes in revenue, operating margin, and other expenses (thedisaggregated model) jointly have not predictive ability and information content beyond the change inaggregate reported earnings with respect to one-year ahead annual earnings and contemporaneous annualstock returns. Second, the predictive ability and, information content of these earnings components as well asaggregate earnings varies across industries and varies over time Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Explaining the process of merging villages to cities in warm and dry climate of Iran
Mohammad Mehdi Azizi Esfandiar Zebardast Reza AkbariIn recent decades, urban exogenous development has led to unilateral but multidimensional movement in the physical, social, cultural and economic fields to the surrounding villages which forms the merger and encounter of urban-rural systems and creates pre-urbanization. MoreIn recent decades, urban exogenous development has led to unilateral but multidimensional movement in the physical, social, cultural and economic fields to the surrounding villages which forms the merger and encounter of urban-rural systems and creates pre-urbanization. In this process, the villages in pre-urban interface gradually adopt urban features and merge into it insofar are known as a part of the city. The merging villages to city in warm and dry climate regions has occurred frequently due to the proximity of villages to the city through shared traditional water networks in Iran (Qanat) and created different types of urban-rural areas in the cities. To answer this question that what steps are being taken in the process of merging villages to city, the general process of merging villages to city has formulated in this research. This process is based on the three stages including " start merging "(Creating transformation and transition areas between the city and villages), " degree of merging " (Complete, slow and incomplete transmutation) and " merging effects ". This process is elaborated in case studies include Yazd, Kerman and Kashan (selecting middle cities in warm and dry climates among a plurality of samples) and Ultimately, a special process of merging villages to city in warm and dry climate cities is produced. To convert the general process of merging into specific one in a warm and dry climate, the first step is typology of variety urban-rural areas and recognizing specific features of any one. Accordingly, in case studies analysis and evaluation, three urban- rural species including urban type (with dominant urban characteristics), urban-rural type (with both rural and urban characteristics) and rural type (with dominant rural characteristics) are achieved by using the cluster analysis and k- means method based on three factors. These factors are “physical oriented", " community oriented " and "natural oriented ". The results of the general process of merging analysis indicate that the degree of merging villages in the city (second step of the merging process) is determined Based on "rural location in the city", "type of development" and the mutual relationship between "population density", "area" and "construction density". It also shows that Environmental inequalities are formed in the first step, where Created a transition area that has directly proportional to the distance from the city and established push-pull forces based on the exchange, interaction and contrast forces between the city and villages, and in the second step, degree of merging villages in the city, fixed by battle of pull-push forces. Finally, by presenting a special process of merging villages in the cities of warm and dry climate, the level of environmental inequalities in types is presented. Study of the process of merging villages to the city is a new and effective action to achieving the root causes of inequalities and planning for them, which ultimately can provide a well-defined framework for investigation and analyzing past, existing and future rural-urban trends in the city in order to develop them more sustainable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - An investigation of approximately biprojective Banach algebras
Mohammad Hossein SattariThe concept of approximately biprojective Banach algebras has been introduced by Pourmahmood-Aghababa [15], O. Ya. Aristov [2] and Y. Zhang [19] in different aspects of approximation. Here we follow the definition provided by Pourmahmood-Aghababa that is more general wi MoreThe concept of approximately biprojective Banach algebras has been introduced by Pourmahmood-Aghababa [15], O. Ya. Aristov [2] and Y. Zhang [19] in different aspects of approximation. Here we follow the definition provided by Pourmahmood-Aghababa that is more general with an abundant amount of various interesting examples, and less restrictive conditions. In this paper, some hereditary properties of this notion are investigated. Indeed, we show that approximate biprojectivity of the second dual of a Banach algebra A (equipped with Arens product) implies approximate biprojectivity of A. This concept is also investigated on amalgamated Banach algebras that are genuine generalization of the direct sum of Banach algebras and includes the unitization, the Lau product, the semidirect product, and the module extension Banach algebras. We prove that the first summand in an approximately biprojective amalgamated Banach algebra is approximately biprojective, while for approximate biprojectivity of the second summand some additional hypothesis are necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Mathematical modeling and problem solving Integrated production planning and preventive maintenance with limited human resources
، mohammd sharifzadegan Adel Pourghader ChobarThe need for integration has long been the focus of researchers and industry managers. Therefore, some researchers sought to coordinate and integrate production, maintenance and repair. The issues of integrating production planning, maintenance and repair and quality co MoreThe need for integration has long been the focus of researchers and industry managers. Therefore, some researchers sought to coordinate and integrate production, maintenance and repair. The issues of integrating production planning, maintenance and repair and quality control with other parts of production and industrial systems reduce costs and increase the profitability of production organizations. Accordingly, in this research, integration and continuity in simultaneous planning of production areas and support in production organizations have been discussed. These areas include the schedule of production, maintenance and preventive maintenance, and human resources. Therefore, the mathematical optimization model is presented with the aim of manpower planning and increasing the volume of the company's production by considering the limitations of human resources. In this model, personnel skills, equipment usage rate and equipment failure rate in case of uncertainty with fuzzy method are used in the model parameters. The purpose of the proposed model is to minimize the labor force deficit over production efficiency. The results obtained from the implementation in a production organization by comparing the indefinite and meta-innovative solution show the improvement in the company's production with the least reasonable time, provide answers with the least possible error. Sensitivity analysis shows that the rate of equipment failure in the intervals before and after the preventive maintenance process has a great impact on the value of the objective function of the mathematical model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - تأثیر مقررات بانکی بر حاشیه سود بانکی (رهیافت داده های ادغامی)
اعظم احمدیان مهران کیانوند -
Open Access Article
7 - Explaining the Role of Firm Characteristics on sources of financing mergers and acquisitions based on Pecking Order Theory
fatemeh maleki amiri ali nabavi chashmi erfan MemarianThe purpose of this study is to explain the role of firm characteristics on corporate merger and acquisition financing based on Pecking Order Theory during the years 2014 to 2018 .In this study, the company's characteristics are measured from the variable company' MoreThe purpose of this study is to explain the role of firm characteristics on corporate merger and acquisition financing based on Pecking Order Theory during the years 2014 to 2018 .In this study, the company's characteristics are measured from the variable company's size, asset structure, profitability, ratio of interest cost cover, liquidity and Return on assets, and to measure the variable financing methods, using a Pecking Order model of accumulated profit, debt ratio And financial leverage has been used.The results of this study, using regression of combined data, show that the larger the company and the more profitable it is, the company uses less profit from financing its investment projects and turns to external resources.While increasing the return on assets, the company uses more accumulated profits and financial leverage than debt.In other words, companies do not follow a Pecking Order Theory in providing all the funding they need.Also, in this study, no significant relationship was observed between asset structure, ratio of interest cost cover and liquidity with financing sources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Identifying and prioritizing the key success factor of Merger and acquisition process of Iranian companies
S. M. Ali Sadri Tabaie Zavareh Ahmad Khodamipour Mehdi Bahar MoghaddamCompanies use different growth strategies. Mergers and acquisition is considered to be the fastest by the organizations. Contrary to the continuous failure report of M&A activity in the last two dacades, managers and researches inclinatoin toward this strategy has i MoreCompanies use different growth strategies. Mergers and acquisition is considered to be the fastest by the organizations. Contrary to the continuous failure report of M&A activity in the last two dacades, managers and researches inclinatoin toward this strategy has increasingly been growing. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the key success factor of Merger and acquisition process of Iranian companies. The present research fundamental in terms of objective and in terms of type, descriptive-exploratory. The theme analysis technique used to analyze the qualitative data obtained from the interviews. Data extracted between the years 2015 until 2018. The sampling method is objective oriented and theoretical saturation has happened with performing interview with 15 of population. The results from theme analysis shows the Financial, strategic and human behavior reasons were respectively the most impont casual factors of M&A success. In addition, economic, management, legal and financial infrastructure has been respectively the most important contextual factors of M&A success. Action strategies are pre-merger, Merger and post-merger strategies, which will probably result in concequences such as, facilititation of transaction, financial efficiency, strategic efficiency and organizational efficiency. Challenges to the strategies are respectively, strategic, managerial, and cultural and objectives and forming conditions, mutual incentives, mutual objectives, common resources, procedures and organizational structure were respectily the most important moderators of M&A success. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - بررسی تاثیر سرمایهگذاری و تولید سرانه استانی بر نابرابری درآمدی درون استانهای ایران
الناز امیدوار فرهاد غفاری عباس معمارنژاد تیمور محمدی -
Open Access Article
10 - survey of Economics factors affecting the absorption in the oil producer middle eastern countries
فرهاد غفاری جابر اکبریForeign direct investment entering the country in addition to financing investment projects, Accelerate the process of technology development, education, human capital increase productivity, improve quality and standards of the domestic goods, Expand trade with other co MoreForeign direct investment entering the country in addition to financing investment projects, Accelerate the process of technology development, education, human capital increase productivity, improve quality and standards of the domestic goods, Expand trade with other countries, reducing the unemployment and increase production in the host country. Given the importance of attracting this type of investment, in this study, the analysis of FDI and Algebraic and graphing and macro-economic indicators affected by it, Paid to economic factors affecting foreign direct investment in the oil producer middle eastern countries during the period (2010-1995) in the panel data econometric methods .The study shows that the results estimate the degree of economic openness, economic Security , has a significant positive effect on attracting foreign direct investment in the countries studied but market size and labor force alone, no significant effect on attracting foreign direct investment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - ارزیابی برنامه مراقبتهای ادغام یافته کودک سالم در مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهری تحت پوشش دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی (92 - 1391)
فاطمه تاج الدینی شهناز دلبرپور احمدی فرناز اهدایی وند بیژن مقیمی دهکردی احمدرضا فرسار شریف ترکمن نژاد -
Open Access Article
12 - مروری بر چالشهای طرح ادغام آموزش پزشکی با نظام ارائه خدمات در ایران از منظر سرمایه انسانی
زهره سادات میرمقتدایی داریوش رخ افروز محمدحسین سالاریان زاده -
Open Access Article
13 - The Effects of Accounting variables on Economies of Scale in banks using Theory of Constraints
Mojtaba Salehi M. Hamed KhanmohammadiThe Theory of Constraints (TOC) is one of the techniques of decision making in strategic management accounting(SMA) and theorizing of performance evaluation With a systematic approach to the firm and in line with the strategy of cost leadership,thinks with the growth st MoreThe Theory of Constraints (TOC) is one of the techniques of decision making in strategic management accounting(SMA) and theorizing of performance evaluation With a systematic approach to the firm and in line with the strategy of cost leadership,thinks with the growth strategy.The use of TOC in the explanation of Economies of Scale (ES), which are the concepts of management economics, Can lead to system thinking in the banks.The concept of ES refers to the change in the production of products for the change in inputs and the benefits of lowering costs as a result of increased volumes of output.In this research, ES of 17 banks of the country during the period of 1386-1396 was calculated based on the TOC approach. Using the Translag Model and the Frontier 4.1 Software,The average ES of the banks of the country based on the TOC were estimated 0.16.The findings of this research indicate that the banking system of the country has a scale of economies,But it does not fully exploit the potential and continues to operate below the potential capacity,Which is more severe than the Theory of Constraints.Also, according to the results of the research, there is a reverse relationship between the ratio of equity to assets and Economies of Scale of banks using the Theory of Constraints (ES-TOC); As equity increases, the amount of economies is reduced to a scale, and Considering the smaller one of its being, banks will continue to be in a position to economies on a larger scale and increase potential capacity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Dynamic Cohesion in the Development Process
حمید سجادی ابراهیم متقیMaintaining and promoting unity plays a crucial role in the direction and operation of the full capacity of social system during a process of development. However, most of the communities undergoing development process face a lot of challenges, each one posing a serious MoreMaintaining and promoting unity plays a crucial role in the direction and operation of the full capacity of social system during a process of development. However, most of the communities undergoing development process face a lot of challenges, each one posing a serious threat to integration and community cohesion. The critical question is that what causes challenge social cohesion in the development process and how to maintain cohesion in the development process. Using thematic analysis, national development plans, reports compiled by international organizations in different periods as well as theoretical discussions on development were analyzed, and by identifying the main themes and the relationships between them, a dynamic model of maintaining cohesion during a process of development was drawn. The main themes of promoting dynamic cohesion in the society during development process were identified and formulated through the paradigmatic model of Strauss under four main categories of revising strategy of development planning, controlling consequences in development process, redefining elements related to agents of development and ultimately contextual items. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Modeling Dynamic Cohesion in the Development Process
Hamid Sajjadi Ebrahim MotaghiMaintaining and promoting unity plays a crucial role in the direction and operation of the full capacity of social system during a process of development. However, most of the communities undergoing development process face a lot of challenges, each one posing a serious MoreMaintaining and promoting unity plays a crucial role in the direction and operation of the full capacity of social system during a process of development. However, most of the communities undergoing development process face a lot of challenges, each one posing a serious threat to integration and community cohesion. The critical question is that what causes challenge social cohesion in the development process and how to maintain cohesion in the development process. Using thematic analysis, national development plans, reports compiled by international organizations in different periods as well as theoretical discussions on development were analyzed, and by identifying the main themes and the relationships between them, a dynamic model of maintaining cohesion during a process of development was drawn. The main themes of promoting dynamic cohesion in the society during development process were identified and formulated through the paradigmatic model of Strauss under four main categories of revising strategy of development planning, controlling consequences in development process, and redefining elements related to agents of development and ultimately contextual items. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Study on Outcomes of spatial relocation of the earthquake Stricken in Roodbar county”
Shahab Nobakht Haghighi Hossein Asayesh Alireza EstelajiThis study have been designed to address the socio-economic, ecologic andstructural outcomes of spatial relocation of some villages in roodbar county ,after theearthquake of year 1990, and also the positive and negative effects of relocation andmerging of those villages MoreThis study have been designed to address the socio-economic, ecologic andstructural outcomes of spatial relocation of some villages in roodbar county ,after theearthquake of year 1990, and also the positive and negative effects of relocation andmerging of those villages.The results of data analysis show that the personal specifications of the samples ofthis study including their age and the number of their family members affect theirattitude toward relocation .it has also been found that relocation. It has also been foundthat relocation has made changes in socio-economic, ecologic and structuralspecification of the samples of this study. in fact, most of the samples of this studywere pleased about relocation, despite of the results of the samples of this study werepleased about relocation, despite of the results of previous related studies whichemphasized unsuccessful experiences of relocations and merging of villages in socioeconomic,ecologic and structural condition of community which has been occurreddue to the spatial relocation of the villages.Regarding the unsuccessful previous experiences of relocations or merging ofvillages, such activities should only be done in highly needed situations, withacquiring participation of target communities and providing secure socio-economic,ecologic and structural condition. In other word, success of spatial relocation projectsdepends on providing the appropriate socio-economic, ecologic and structuralcondition for the target communities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Assessment Competitiveness Social and Environmental of urban (Case study: provinces of the country)
Hossein Nazmfar Ali Eshgi Saredeh AlaviIntroduction: Now competitiveness is a central issue in the world and the use of it, as a tool, is mentioned to achieve sustainable development. Many researchers consider the economic competitiveness equals success, but urban competitiveness should be examined from a br MoreIntroduction: Now competitiveness is a central issue in the world and the use of it, as a tool, is mentioned to achieve sustainable development. Many researchers consider the economic competitiveness equals success, but urban competitiveness should be examined from a broader perspective on aspects of economic and non-economic aspects in addition to the stress of urban life. Due to the vacuum in the field of research aimed at evaluating and ranking states are conducted with an emphasis on social and environmental dimensions. Material and Methods: This study uses 36 indicators of social and environmental dimension to urban competitiveness evaluation techniques using multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). Methods the study population consisted of descriptive analysis of all the provinces in 1390. The models used to analyze the data and SAW HAVE eventually integrated Kandrst technique and competitiveness was divided to 5 groups can be very high, high, moderate, low and very low. To find the coefficients of each indicator used is the Shannon entropy. Results and Discussion: Based on Kandrst mode, the provinces terms of social and environmental indicators of urban competitiveness, there are wide differences. So that the difference between Tehran Province (ranked first) with a score of 30 and Semnan (bottom) with a score of 25, was too high (55) and this gap is caused by an imbalance in land use. Final ranking shows that Tehran, Tehran, Khuzestan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Isfahan and Khorasan Razavi is very high competitiveness and regions in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer, Ardabil, Yazd, Golestan, Semnan Bakhtiari and competitiveness can be very low. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Systematic research review of bank mergers in Iran and the world
amir ehsani mehrzad minooei zadalah fathiMerger in banks or in other words, merger policy is one of the major issues in the banking sector that has been undertaken successfully worldwide with the aim of preventing bankruptcy, improving profitability and so on. A merger is a combination of two or more firms and MoreMerger in banks or in other words, merger policy is one of the major issues in the banking sector that has been undertaken successfully worldwide with the aim of preventing bankruptcy, improving profitability and so on. A merger is a combination of two or more firms and, like an acquisition, is such that the acquiring firm assumes responsibility for the assets and liabilities of the acquired firm or firms, furthermore, a departmental overlap may arise with the acquisition of a firm or bank. Since this issue is of great importance and sensitivity, it is very important to understand this process, its dimensions and types, and to use a new and efficient approach to implement this policy in the best way possible. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this study to provide suitable suggestions and solutions for banking mergers and then present a new and innovative method in this field, which is accompanied by a review of all relevant aspects, using the systematic review method to address this issue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Comedown or emergence of legal personality of commercial companies in the process of merger and acquisition with comparative approach in English law
Seyed Hamidreza Mirmohammad Mehdi Montazer Seyed Nasrollah EbrahimiWhen buyers and sellers exchange physical or electronic goods and services in physical or virtual space, the economic units involved in the production of goods or services may seek mergers and acquisitions that have legal personality and formed pursuant to the commercia MoreWhen buyers and sellers exchange physical or electronic goods and services in physical or virtual space, the economic units involved in the production of goods or services may seek mergers and acquisitions that have legal personality and formed pursuant to the commercial act or similar act. Due to the different ownership of the merger and acquisition, in the merger process, on the one hand, the actions of the commercial companies are such that they create a new and unified legal personality or disappeared in another legal personality, on the other hand in the acquisition - unlike the merger – the actions of companies may lead to the purchase or control of shares, capital, and assets to a natural person or legal entity. In this situation, the effect of mergers and acquisitions on the disappearance or survival of legal personality involved in the mergers and acquisitions process becomes relevant. The present study illustrates that unlike the merger process - as a result of which the legal personality disappears or a new legal personality is formed while the previous legal personality disappears, but the legal personality of the companies does not disappear in acquisition process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Providing a model of integration and acquisition in the Iranian automotive industry based on Fuzzy MCDM
Abolfazl Esmaeilzadeh Farhad HanifiThe statistical society used in this paper includes 15 experts who are familiar with industrial car manufacturers and know the concepts of Merge and Acquisition. The tools for data gathering are expert questionnaires and paired comparisons. Five main components are inve MoreThe statistical society used in this paper includes 15 experts who are familiar with industrial car manufacturers and know the concepts of Merge and Acquisition. The tools for data gathering are expert questionnaires and paired comparisons. Five main components are investigated: Social and political, geographical and regional, law, legal and regulation, ICT and financial, economic and profitability. Our results show that all these components have an effect within the Merge and Acquisition model. We can also conclude that law, legal and regulation component has the most significant effect on the formation of Merge and Acquisition model in industrial car manufacturers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Designing a comprehensive model of acquisition and merger of knowledge-based and start-up companies
sayedeh monireh hosseini Bita Tabrizian SHADI ShahverdianiBackground and Aim: The comprehensive model of acquisition and merger is the process of combination and merging companies. Acquisition and merger create a stable competitive advantage, and this is when there is an incompatibility between the resources, capabilities and MoreBackground and Aim: The comprehensive model of acquisition and merger is the process of combination and merging companies. Acquisition and merger create a stable competitive advantage, and this is when there is an incompatibility between the resources, capabilities and opportunities to the two companies. Resources include marketing excellence, distribution network, R&D, and excess operational capacity. Acquisition and merger in the case of public limited companies is done by purchasing and transferring ownership of a significant portion of a company's shares to another legal entity.Methodology: The type of present study is a survey and applied Study. The statistical population of this study includes experts familiar with knowledge-based and start-up companies and informed about the concepts of acquisition and merger, of which 10 experts were identified and considered as the statistical sample of the research. The data collection tool is an expert questionnaire and pairwise comparisons.Results: According to the studies, 5 components include creativity and innovation, Technology, Professionalism, Empowerment and organizational behavior have been identified as the main dimensions in the design of this model. Based on the results, it was found that all of these components had a significant effect on the pattern of acquisition and merger.Conclusion: According to the research findings, it can be concluded that among the factors of acquisition and merger, creativity, innovation and technology has had the greatest impact on the formation of the pattern of acquisition and merger.Keywords: Acquisition and Merger Pattern, Knowledge-Based and Start-up Companies, Multi-Criteria Decision Making, Fuzzy Dimtel Method Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Developing a model for pricing brand value in capital supply companies: merger and acquisition strategy
Hamid Kheilnejad Fariz Taherikia Seyyed Mahdi Jalali Bita TabrizianStrong brands bring numerous benefits for both the companies and their customers such as decreasing purchasing risk and searching cost and increasing the likelihood of repurchasing. It is not presented an applied model for determining the price of this asset in Iran, es MoreStrong brands bring numerous benefits for both the companies and their customers such as decreasing purchasing risk and searching cost and increasing the likelihood of repurchasing. It is not presented an applied model for determining the price of this asset in Iran, especially in terms of merger and acquisition. The purpose of this study is to develop a model for pricing brand value in Iran’s capital supply companies in terms of marketing strategies of merger and acquisition. The current study is qualitative research which is done by conducting grounded theory in MAXQDA software. Needed data were gathered from interviews and panel sessions with all the 21 pricing experts in capital supply companies during the year 2018, and were analyzed to extract the variables of the model of brand pricing to Rial. After that, open codes were categorized into 5 main categories and 2 sub-categories titled as: communication and performance environmental factors, marketing, brand, performance (financial and non-financial), and corporate audit reports. Research findings; in addition, has developed an operational brand pricing model for Iran’s semi-public economy that is unprecedented in other studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Disputation of merger and acquisition of commercial companies and its comparison with similar legal concepts
Seyed Hamidreza Mirmohammad Mehdi Montazer Seyed Nasrollah EbrahimiIn view of the developments that have taken place in the field of commercial law, the issue of Mergers and Acquisitions of companies can be considered as a legal-commercial necessity. Nevertheless, the acquisition of companies is a new issue in Iranian legal system. Alt MoreIn view of the developments that have taken place in the field of commercial law, the issue of Mergers and Acquisitions of companies can be considered as a legal-commercial necessity. Nevertheless, the acquisition of companies is a new issue in Iranian legal system. Although, in the Iranian legal system, the issue of Mergers and Acquisitions of companies and its types is not defined in the form of a specific legal structure, and it is not mentioned in the Iranian commercial law, but in the law of cooperative companies and in the eighteenth chapter The merger law is slightly mentioned, however, it is also briefly mentioned in the proposed new (Commercial Act) Bill. This legislator approach to the two processes of Mergers and Acquisitions has caused these two processes to be confused with similar concepts. Therefore, in order to understand a subject, in addition to providing definition and enumeration of elements, compare with similar institutions and expression, prevents them from mixing. In the field of company law, there are institutions that have similarities with Mergers and Acquisitions that are significant, such as conversion, division, demerge, Split of a company, and corporate combination. The current study seeks to show that the concepts of Conversion, Division, demerge, Split of a company, and Corporate combination are different from Mergers and Acquisitions, and each of them has specific legal effects and consequences.Keywords: Merger, Acquisitions, Corporation, Division, Conversion, demerge, Split of a company, and corporate combination Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Strategies of Social Integration of Afghan Immigrants in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Hadi Farjami Kia Ali ShirkhaniThe purpose of the present research is to study strategies of social integration of Afghan immigrants in the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the SWOT model. Totally, 8 strength points, 17 weakness points, 19 opportunities, and 13 threats were detected. In the next sta MoreThe purpose of the present research is to study strategies of social integration of Afghan immigrants in the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the SWOT model. Totally, 8 strength points, 17 weakness points, 19 opportunities, and 13 threats were detected. In the next stage, the final score of each criterion and sub-criterion was determined using paired comparison, Saaty ranking system, and ANP model. According to the obtained scores, it can be said that in the current situation, the invasive strategy should be taken into consideration and prioritized. Strategies of SO9, So3, and SO1 have the highest scores and are recognized as the first, second, and third priorities. The strategy of SO9 develops territory markets, export of domestic goods, and import of Afghan products to Iran. SO3 propagates consumption patterns among the immigrants and expands internal and external markets which help economic growth. SO1 increases the labor force and ethnic variation in society and creates interaction between different cities and regions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Application of fusion in satellite images the Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 in environmental monitoring
Mostafa Kabolizadeh Kazem Rangzan Shahin MohammadiIn order to increase the spectral and spatial resolution of satellite images, the fusion of multi-resolution images can be used, however, the image fusion usually introduces some spectral and spatial distortions in the resulting fused image that the amount of these dist MoreIn order to increase the spectral and spatial resolution of satellite images, the fusion of multi-resolution images can be used, however, the image fusion usually introduces some spectral and spatial distortions in the resulting fused image that the amount of these distortions highly depends on the pan sharpening technique as well as the type of data. The aim of this study is the fusion of Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) with the date of 8 January 2018, and Sentinel-2 Multispectral Imager (MSI) with the date of 11 January 2018, using the Gram Schmidt, CN, Brovey, DWT, SFIM, Multiplication methods in the Ahvaz city. In order to evaluate the image quality that fussed, CC, SAM, PSNR, SIMM, and Laplacian indices were used. The results showed among the used methods, DWT and Brovey, have the best results from the spectral and spatial aspect, respectively. Also, the highest spatial distortion with the amount of 1.18 in the SAM index was in the Multiplication method and the maximum spatial deviation in the DWT index with a correlation of 0.47 with the reference image. Multiplication and DWT methods have the most spatially and spectrally distortion. Therefore, the results showed that SFIM is the optimum method of spectral and spatial aspects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Spectral distortion-based flood detection in multi-temporal images fusion techniques
حسن حسنی مقدم Mohammad Javad NateghiIn changes detection process, the choice of information extraction method plays an important role in the quality of final changes detecting. In this study, Landsat 8 multi-temporal data fusion method based on spectral distortion was used to detect changes and to determi MoreIn changes detection process, the choice of information extraction method plays an important role in the quality of final changes detecting. In this study, Landsat 8 multi-temporal data fusion method based on spectral distortion was used to detect changes and to determine the range of floods. For this reason, both pre and post flood images were fused using the Gram Schmitt algorithm to increase spatial resolution of images. In the following, three algorithms, Gram Schmitt, IHS, PCA, were used to detect changes and determine the extent of flood. In this study, input of each algorithm was pre-flooded as a multicolor image and post-flood infrared image as a panchromatic image selected to determine the extent of flood using the spectral distortion generated in each algorithm. The results showed that the capability of data fusion method based on spectral distortion is very high in detecting of changes. The spectral distortion generated in IHS is the most accurate distortion and the output of this algorithm is highly consistent with the reference data. Also, the output of the Gram Schmitt algorithm has spectral distortions in the unchanged regions. The PCA algorithm, which is highly sensitive to inputs, distorts most image regions, which is not recommended for detecting changes based on spectral distortion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Identifying and Ranking the Factors Affecting the Technology Transfer Using Multiple Attribute Decision Making Techniques
Morteza Mousakhani Davood GharakhaniAppropriate technology transfer is one of the best ways to overcome the weakness of technology as well as to achieve the competitive advantage. An appropriate technology transfer requires an understanding of the factors which are effective in transferring. Hence the pre MoreAppropriate technology transfer is one of the best ways to overcome the weakness of technology as well as to achieve the competitive advantage. An appropriate technology transfer requires an understanding of the factors which are effective in transferring. Hence the present study aims to identify and Rank the factors affecting technology transfer. In this study, using the model presented by Lai and Tsai and interviews with teachers and experts, factors affecting technology transfer are identified. Then, AHP, ELECTRE and Topsis techniques were used to rank these factors. As each of these methods has have provided different rankings in some cases, a single ranking was used to aggregate methods (mean, Borda and Copeland). Results show that Technological factors are the most important factor in technology transfer. Also, Personnel, Industrial, cost and organizational factors are the most important respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - An Analytical Study the Effect of Globalization on Labor Market
Sahand Daneshvar Somayyeh LayazaliAmong the four economy markets, the labor market plays a pivotal role in establishing relations between supply and demand as well as in balancing the mass economic variables like employment. The socio-economic consequences of the balance in labor market are of great imp MoreAmong the four economy markets, the labor market plays a pivotal role in establishing relations between supply and demand as well as in balancing the mass economic variables like employment. The socio-economic consequences of the balance in labor market are of great importance for economists and policy makers. A direct consequence of such balance is the prevention of costs waste resulting from unemployment. Employment is a significant parameter in economic development, income distribution, and human self-esteem. On the contrary, unemployment causes a number of abnormalities with a wide range of economic, social and political aftermaths. Governments also consider unemployment as an important economic phenomenon and try to find solutions for this problem. It is observed that all countries, whether developed or developing, come across unemployment. The population structure of Asian countries and a great number of labor forces and lack of proper facilities have made unemployment the most important socio-economic problem. Globalization tends to influence the labor market structure, and (un)employment. As the developing countries play roles in labor market, they should be considered as an effective variable in the labor market. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Assessment of spatial justice in scattering development using the model Integration
Hossein Nazmfar Ali Eshghi Faramarz Montazerihe beginnings of social justice have rooted in spatial and environmental justice. Spatial justice one of issues programming is based on geography it aims is satisfy the needs of the residents of geographical areas. Extensive spatial zones Ardebil Affected by the spatial Morehe beginnings of social justice have rooted in spatial and environmental justice. Spatial justice one of issues programming is based on geography it aims is satisfy the needs of the residents of geographical areas. Extensive spatial zones Ardebil Affected by the spatial injustice of the development indicators. Thus, present study investigates and the assessment of spatial justice in development governorates city of Ardabil. Research method is Descriptive- analytical with applied purpose. The statistical population is included 10 city Ardebil According to the Statistical Yearbook 1390. To assess spatial justice in development of the city of 40 indicators has been used developed effectively. To determine the importance of each of the indices of Shannon entropy method and to analyze and ranking city used from two TOPSIS model and VIKOR. Since the the results of the two models in some cases were inconsistent with each other, to reach a general consensus, has been used Integration method (mean rank, Bordar, Copeland). The results the integration techniques show that Ardabil city ranked first in terms of of having Is a very good indicator of the development of the situation. . After this city, a city in a developed Vnmyn anklet, cities of khalkhal and Namin in a developed, City of Sarein and Kosar semi-developed, City of Meshkin Shahr, Pars Abad and nire less developed And city of moghan and Bilesuar are deprived of in development indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Spatial analysis of the effects of physical expansion of metropolises on surrounding villages (Case study: Kermanshah)
Farshad Khosravi Majid Shams Abbas MalekhosseiniHuman habitations are always exposed to economic, socio-cultural and physical changes. In the meantime, the physical expansion of cities and villages towards each other causes the merger of a smaller town (village) into a larger area (city). The integration of the villa MoreHuman habitations are always exposed to economic, socio-cultural and physical changes. In the meantime, the physical expansion of cities and villages towards each other causes the merger of a smaller town (village) into a larger area (city). The integration of the village in the city has brought so many consequences in the integration of the village and the city. Therefore, the aim of this study is the spatial analysis of the impacts of physical expansion of Kermanshah metropolis on surrounding villages. The present study which is practical in terms of purpose, and also is descriptive-analytical in terms of analysis method, has been applied by library studies - documentary, and field. Research data including primary data (interview form from elites and experts) and also research variables have been collected in both documentary and field. In the present research, the DEMATEL and VIKOR techniques were used to analyze the data; additionally three aspects (social, economic and physical) have been studied in 9 indicators. On the other hand it is shown by the results of DEMATEL model that among the studied dimensions, the physical aspect and among the studied indicators, index (C8), (access to services and public facilities) are in priority. It is shown by the results of analysis and prioritization of villages around the metropolis of Kermanshah due to the impacts of physical expansion using the VICOR model that the village of Nokan where is superior to other villages, has received the most impact with 0.893 score Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - سنجش میزان برخورداری شهرستانهای استان خوزستان از شاخصهای بهداشتی- درمانی با استفاده از تکنیک ادغام
حسین نظم فر آمنه علی بخشی -
Open Access Article
32 - تخمین تابع تقاضای مسکن با استفاده از روش رگرسیون دادههای پانل (مطالعه موردی: شهرهای غرب استان مازندران)
سیدفخرالدین فخرحسینی الهام فاضلی -
Open Access Article
33 - The phonological process in the dialect of badroud and Arisman
alireza gholami bady Mohammadreza MasuomiThe Badroud and Arisman's dialect is the one of the original dialect in the central part of Iran. Although it has lived in the obscurity, its literary life continues. This dialect is far from the researchers' perspectives and there is no scientific study over it. Thus, MoreThe Badroud and Arisman's dialect is the one of the original dialect in the central part of Iran. Although it has lived in the obscurity, its literary life continues. This dialect is far from the researchers' perspectives and there is no scientific study over it. Thus, few people hardly know of it. But field studies suggested that the phonological process is very important in this dialect. It is one of the most distinctive characteristics of it, by changing any vowel and consonant it can enrich the language and develop vocabulary-building techniques. This dialect doesn't adopt the original form of the foreign words more or less than the others. So, the phonemes will be changed, removed, or added to the words. However, considering of the phonological process can show its hidden aspects and will define its close relation with the standard Persian language. Thus, the author has analyzed this subject for its novelty and importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - A Review of the Quantum Key Distribution Network in Fiber Optics
Masoumeh Shirichian Reza Sabbaghi-Nadooshan Mahboobeh Houshmand Monireh HoushmandTelecommunication networks are certainly one of the cornerstones of the modern information society and one of the main drivers of the economy and provide a basis on which many daily activities can rely. Also, new technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial i MoreTelecommunication networks are certainly one of the cornerstones of the modern information society and one of the main drivers of the economy and provide a basis on which many daily activities can rely. Also, new technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, self-driving cars, 5G, etc. will not reach their full potential unless an infrastructure communication network meets their needs. Security is critical to their infrastructure and services. On the other hand, the development of quantum computing technology in recent years and the construction of quantum computers with very high processing power and solving very complex problems faster than current computers has made cybersecurity, computer security and communication devices a vital and important issue for governments. However, with the advancement of quantum technology, these threats can be prevented by using quantum methods to distribute keys, so quantum cryptography is considered as an alternative to classical methods against quantum computers and cyberattacks. Quantum key distribution is the most popular sub-branch of quantum cryptography, and commercial examples are now available in the market. However, the implementation of quantum key distribution networks in fiber optics, which is discussed in this paper, is one of the solutions that provide unconditional security through quantum cryptography to establish secure communication. The distinguishing point of this article is to provide an overview of the latest research in the field of implementation of quantum key distribution networks in fiber optics. In addition, the quantum key distribution networks implemented in the world are reviewed and compared and the approach of different countries in this field is studied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Brain Blood Vessel Map Extraction Using Wavelet-based DSA Fusion
Saba Momeni Hossein PoorghasemRecently image fusion has prominent and applicable roles in medical image processing. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) image is applied to display map of blood vessels. In this essay, a new fusion algorithm for DSA serial images based on discrete wavelet transform MoreRecently image fusion has prominent and applicable roles in medical image processing. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) image is applied to display map of blood vessels. In this essay, a new fusion algorithm for DSA serial images based on discrete wavelet transform coefficients is proposed. Fusion of high frequency coefficients is based on proposed fusion map and four evaluation criteria which introduce level of coefficient's energy. Our algorithm will be compared for different wavelet transforms and activity criteria for high frequency coefficients. The comparisons are based on the objective evaluation criteria which show measure of noise existence, sharpness and correlation between the fusion result and reference image. Finally, Meyer discrete wavelet transform is resulted as the best wavelet transform, and sum of modified Laplacian, local energy are introduced as activity level measurment for high and low frequency coefficients in process of brain vessel map extraction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - .
Abolfazl Ghanbari اکبر سلطان زاده مهدی صدیق -
Open Access Article
37 - ادغام واحدهای تصمیم گیرنده بر پایه مفهوم تحلیل پوششی داد های معکوس
الهه زین الدین سعید قبادیدر این مقاله، ما یک روش جدید برای پاسخ سوال زیر بر اساس برنامه ریزی ریاضی چند هدفی ارائه می نماییم: اگر در میان یک مجموعه از واحد های تصمیم گیرنده زیر مجموعه ایی از آنها ملزم به ادغام و تشکیل یک واحد جدید با ورودی (خروجی) خاص و سطح کارایی از پیش مشخص شده ایی باشند آنگاه Moreدر این مقاله، ما یک روش جدید برای پاسخ سوال زیر بر اساس برنامه ریزی ریاضی چند هدفی ارائه می نماییم: اگر در میان یک مجموعه از واحد های تصمیم گیرنده زیر مجموعه ایی از آنها ملزم به ادغام و تشکیل یک واحد جدید با ورودی (خروجی) خاص و سطح کارایی از پیش مشخص شده ایی باشند آنگاه میزان خروجی ( ورودی) این واحد ادغامی به چه میزانی بایستی باشد. این سوال بر اساس مفهوم تحلیل پوششی داده های معکوس پاسخ داده شده است. شرایط کافی برای تخمین ورودی (خروجی) از واحد ادغامی بوسیله برنامه ریزی چند هدفی تاسیس شده است. یک مثال عددی با داده های واقعی برای گویایی اهداف این مقاله آورده شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Presenting a multi-objective mathematical model integrating production scheduling and maintenance considering the limited access to production resources in conditions of uncertainty and optimization with multi-objective genetic algorithm
محمد شریف زادگان محمدرضا حیدری کورش پوری عادل پورقادر چوبر میلاد ابوالقاسمیانIn production and industrial systems, the integrated planning of production and operations is very important. Responding quickly to the needs of customers, diversity, reliability and cost of equipment and machines, due to the extensive limitations in production resource MoreIn production and industrial systems, the integrated planning of production and operations is very important. Responding quickly to the needs of customers, diversity, reliability and cost of equipment and machines, due to the extensive limitations in production resources, competitiveness and gaining market share in conditions of uncertainty, there is a need to plan the units. be done in an integrated manner. In most of the production units, effective information is at an unfavorable level of coordination and exchange with other activities. The result of such activities is nothing but a waste of resources and the emergence of an insular culture in the organization. Therefore, in this research, a MIP mathematical model was modeled in line with the planning of production, maintenance in Maron Company. The objectives of the proposed model are to minimize production costs and maintenance costs with limited production resources. dependents such as maintenance) was used by the innovative method of genetics. The results of the modeling evaluation showed that the detailed and ultra-innovative solution provided has improved the company's production by more than 7%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Analyze the effects of urban sprawl in the development of integrated villages from the perspective of the local community: A Case Study Urmia city
Karim Hosseinzadeh Dalir Safar Hajiaghazadeh Fatemeh NasiriThe purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of urban sprawl on development of integrated villages from the perspective of the local community. This research from the perspective of purpose is applied, descriptive - analytic method and for data collection and inf MoreThe purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of urban sprawl on development of integrated villages from the perspective of the local community. This research from the perspective of purpose is applied, descriptive - analytic method and for data collection and information is used the library and field studies. Local domain of research is the 16 integrated villages in the skeletal contexture of Urmia city in the years 1335 to 1395. According to statistics of the Statistics Center of Iran in 1390 in total are 27 940 people and 6804 households that based on the Cochran formula were selected number of 151 households as statistical population. Questionnaire reliability was calculated 0.789 using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and to data analyze were used of descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and variance) and inferential statistics (structural equation, Friedman and regression). The results showed that the proposed model for research in structural equation has the optimal level in compliance with the experimental data and indicators have suitable goodness of fit. Also one of the most important effects of urban creep in Urmia was the land price increases on the periphery of city, if the meter of land has increased to 2100000 toman during recent years. Also sprawl of Orumiyeh city has the most positive impact on the skeletal dimension with the beta value 0.926. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Study Outcome of Villages Texture Integration in City(Case Study: City of Miandoaab)
rahim sarvar parvin chatr shamsollah KazemzadIntroduction Development of human settlements and the creation of an appropriate system and network unsafely in the development process can cause spatial justice, urban and rural space narrowing, strengthening the link urban and rural and finally merge them and changes MoreIntroduction Development of human settlements and the creation of an appropriate system and network unsafely in the development process can cause spatial justice, urban and rural space narrowing, strengthening the link urban and rural and finally merge them and changes in economic conditions, social, physical lead and comprehensive development and to create stability. Accordingly, the villages in its transformation process at the time of emergence, growth and long to have survived. In the process of integrating it with other villages and integration within the cities or population growth, the city began to have a new life. Some villages still have to survive as a rural settlement. Another group of villages with changing economic conditions - social and technological developments, have passed the decline and over are faced with population decline. As city of Miandoaab inmostIranian cities, rapiddevelopmentinthe 1980S to 2000S istheintegration ofeightvillagessurroundingthecity. Therefore, this studyinvestigates theeffects and consequences ofeconomic, socialand physicalintegration ofeightvillagesof Qareveran, Tghiabad, Valiabad, Behykandi, Vakilkandi, Bashirkandi, EbrahomNayebkandiandYuzbashkandi ispaidin theMiandoaab city and satisfactionafterthe inhabitantsof thesevillageshave beenmerged in the city. *Corresponding Author: Sarvarh 83@gmail.com Methodology The purpose of this study was to evaluate the consequences of the merger is in the village. With a descriptive - analytical to explain effects of physical, social and economic of cultural integration is mentioned in the study villages. Two methods for data collection and survey documents have been used. The documentary method, to identify factors affecting the integration process and evaluate the comparative effects of integration in the village, is separately incorporated settlements. The survey method using observation, interviews (city officials and council), and questionnaires completed by 260 households in eight settlements mentioned have been merged. Information obtained from questionnaires completed by families residing in incorporated villages, using SPSS statistical software and T-test and descriptive statistics and statistical analysis has been analyzed. Result and Discussion Resultsshow thatthe views ofresidents, the maximumandminimum positive impact ofphysicalintegrationvillages in the city,with72.3and14.5percent, respectively increasequalityofasphaltpavementsand improvethe shapeofdoorsand windows. However, the maximum and minimum negative impact on the physicalintegrationwith 62and41.3percent respectively istissuechangessettlements andseparated development ofland. in thesocialaspectthe views ofresidents, the maximumandminimum positive impact ofsocialintegrationvillages in the city,with89.8and31.2percentrespectively, improvingquality of life andreduce thetendencyto migrate tothe city. However, the maximumandminimum negative impact ofsocialintegrationvillages in the city,with58.5and3.2percentrespectively, increasingurbanization and thefading ofsocialparticipation. Also in the economic aspectthe views ofresidents, the maximumandminimum positive impact of economic integrationvillages in the city,with59.8and10.8percentrespectively, increasing land prices and increasing number of industrial and semi industrial workshops. However, the maximumandminimum negative impact of economic integrationvillages in the city,with81.8and38.8percentrespectively, Increasing costs of living and withdrawal of government support and assistance to the villagers. According to tests conducted overall the visual effects mentioned families in rural settlements merger integration is positive. Comments of the municipality and city council officials, the advantages and disadvantages of merging the village in the city, indicated that the benefits of integration between their villages, inthe cityterms ofcreatingjobsand increasingtheadministrative, commercialand services, promotingculture,urbanizationandrisinglevelsof culture and informationto helppeopleenhancethe survivalof thepopulationliving incities andattracta limited numberofruralmigrants,facilities andinstitutionsto createnew services,improving thephysicalcondition ofthe city, garbagecollection, constructionofhousingandcommercialunitsandconstructionmanagement, construction ofprotectivefacilitiesinthe cityand its surroundings andprovide someservicesfromthe municipality, there is consensus and also, in terms of disadvantages, such as rising housing prices and speculation, rising expectations of people, cut off some aid and government support, which is rural. The officials, council members and families into settlements, there is consensus. Views of officials and households living inintegration of rural disadvantage in decisions and policies can usually be resolved. Integrationbetweenvillagesinthe city(in terms ofphysicalsize, economic and social) integration, and distancetodowntownandvillagedevelopment plansforcitydevelopment(physical development-physical) there isa significant relationship. Because, the more time passes from the merger of the village in the city, the number of facilities and services in urban settlements than before the merger and the increased quality of services, particularly administrative services - credit and health - health has improved and villages that have a distance less than the city center, further development and integration of urban services have benefited more than other villages. As a result, more households have been accepted by the population. Conclusion The results of the findings show that the maximum benefits Integrated of village in the cityisthephysical and the economic aspect is the minimum advantaged. While conversely, the maximum disadvantageis theeconomicaspect ofintegrationinthe villageinthe city and thephysicalaspectisthe minimum disadvantages. This indicated that the integration of anatomical changes and increased services in rural areas in urban settlements has been the integration of other dimensions and in rural areas in the city benefits from the integration of anatomical, between authorities and households sampled, there is more consensus. Also the results show, however that the majority of responses stated that Guyana and the positive effects of integration in their village has negative effects and consequences and satisfied.This action has yet been able to meet all the expectations of residents. Therefore, it seemstocreateand deploythe necessaryinfrastructurefordevelopmentinsimilarareastheintegrationprocessinthevillageand thelegal infrastructureto supporteconomicinvestmentandprosperityinbusinessis essential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Effective Factors on Rural Peoples Satisfaction for Spatial Replacement (Case Study: Chaaharmahal Village)
شهاب نوبخت حقیقی محمد باسط قریشی مینآبادThis study concerns determining effective factors on rural people's satisfaction for spatial resettlement in Chaaharmahal village. Moreover; this investigation has been conducted in chaaharmahal village located in khorgam district of roudbaar County. Additionally, this MoreThis study concerns determining effective factors on rural people's satisfaction for spatial resettlement in Chaaharmahal village. Moreover; this investigation has been conducted in chaaharmahal village located in khorgam district of roudbaar County. Additionally, this survey follows descriptive and analytic method. Also, Research instrument of this study comprises a questionnaire for statistical population consisted of 720 chaaharmahal village families. Sampling has been determined by Kochran as 251 people. The variables have been tested by Cramer's v because of non – parametric nature of the data. As a result; Most of the subjects were satisfied with the resettlements while previsions studies were all emphasizing on unsatisfied subjects with resettlement and rural merging. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Presenting the Model of Financial Synergy with the Grounded Theory Approach
Hamid Issazadeh Lazarjani Parviz Saeidi Maryam Bokharaeian Khorasani Jomadoordi Gorganli DavajiThe current research was conducted to present a financial synergy model. The current research method has an exploratory-fundamental nature and has used the grounded theory approach. This research was conducted after conducting 15 semi-structured interviews (theoretical MoreThe current research was conducted to present a financial synergy model. The current research method has an exploratory-fundamental nature and has used the grounded theory approach. This research was conducted after conducting 15 semi-structured interviews (theoretical saturation) of experts in banking and university faculty members using non-probability purposeful sampling by snowball sampling method. To analyze the data from the interviews and coding, MAXQDA 2020 software was used in three stages open coding, central coding, and selective coding after extracting 308 open codes, 63 concepts, and 15 categories, and based on that, a qualitative model of the research was also presented. The results showed that the causal conditions of financial synergy include the necessity of financial synergy in integration, financial partnership synergy, financial innovation synergy, and financial capability synergy, and background conditions include financial technology synergy, organizational synergy, and market synergy. Also, intervening conditions include managerial synergy and growth synergy. The main phenomenon of financial synergy is sustainable competition. Also, the strategies include financial synergy strategy in the integration process, human resources synergy, and developmental synergy leading to the presentation of a mental image based on the importance of the financial synergy process and distinguishing this process from other aspects of the value of synergy as a result of integration which causes integration. Finally, the expected consequences of financial synergies include operational and performance synergies and profit synergies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - A Study of the Impact of Joining WTO on Export of Chemical Industry in Iran (Case Study: Pharmaceutical Products)
Sahar Shokri Oranus Parivar Bijan SafaviThe World Trade Organization (WTO) is a global international organization dealing with the rules of trade among nations. The purpose of this paper is to consider the impact of joining WTO on export of pharmaceutical products. Here the researchers have used Integration MoreThe World Trade Organization (WTO) is a global international organization dealing with the rules of trade among nations. The purpose of this paper is to consider the impact of joining WTO on export of pharmaceutical products. Here the researchers have used Integration of International Trade (IIT) as a globalization index. The estimation by OLS method indicates that joining WTO has a positive effect on the export of pharmaceutical products Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - THe effect of Globalization on technical efficiency of pharmaceutical products in Iran
Sahar. Shokri Oranus. Parivar Bijan. SafaviAs it seems inevitable for all countries to get involved in world economy.on one hand,expanded needs and necessities,and on the other hand specialized production have caused no country could pace in isolation.The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of globalizat MoreAs it seems inevitable for all countries to get involved in world economy.on one hand,expanded needs and necessities,and on the other hand specialized production have caused no country could pace in isolation.The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of globalization on technical efficiency of pharmaceutical products in Iran.In order to consider that,Cobb-Douglas and frontier production function with econometrics approach,Corrected ordinary Least Square(COLS),is used.The results reveal that the integration of intemational Trade(ITT) as the globalization has no effect on technical efficiency of pharmaceutical products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - ضمانت اجرای ممنوعه ادغام شرکت های تجاری
pariya karamzadeh رضا nikkhah -
Open Access Article
46 - H
علیرضا فلاح علیرضا رجب زاده اصطهباناتی ابومحمد عسگرخانی -
Open Access Article
47 - A comparison of public and private investment growth performance of economic sectors: A Case Study of Iran
Sakineh SafariThis study aims to compare the efficiency of public and private investment in terms of effect on growth performance of sectors viz. agriculture, mine and industry and service sector using neoclassical growth model and pooled data technique. The applied index represent MoreThis study aims to compare the efficiency of public and private investment in terms of effect on growth performance of sectors viz. agriculture, mine and industry and service sector using neoclassical growth model and pooled data technique. The applied index representing efficiency in public and private sectors is the marginal productivity of capital investment. The findings of this study indicate that public investment has had a positive effect on the growth of service sector while private investment has had positive impact on growth of both industry and service sectors. At the same time marginal productivity of investment in private sector tends to be higher than that of public sector. On this ground, one could justify the undergoing program of privatization of state owned enterprises Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Russian Foreign Policy Approach from 1991 to 2011
Ahmad Bakhshayesh ArdestaniPrime Minister of Great Britain Winston Churchill said in 1939 that "I cannot forecast to you the action of Russia. It is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma". Some of the Iranian political elites consider Russia as an un-reliable ally for Iran whichlargely MorePrime Minister of Great Britain Winston Churchill said in 1939 that "I cannot forecast to you the action of Russia. It is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma". Some of the Iranian political elites consider Russia as an un-reliable ally for Iran whichlargelyoverlapsthatofChurchillspokeinPersian culture. Since the dissolu7on of Soviet Union in 1990s and the rise of Russia, Moscow has been experiencing three foreign policy orientations: “cooperative approach to the West”, “integrated approach to the West” and “look east policy”. Indeed, NATO’s military intervention in the formerYugoslav and ignoring the interests of Russia lead this country with a new compe77on in its foreign policy against the Western countries in 1999. This article deals with the Russian foreign policy outlooks to win the West’s legitimization as the second great power in the world. Western Countries particularly united States are not interested in recognizing Russia as the world’s second great power. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Developing a quantitative Banking cooperation model in integrating banks and institutions with a marketing approach
Hamidreza Ramezani Parviz Saeidi Amir Ghafourian shagerdi Seyyedmohammadreza HosseiniBusinesses are constantly changing, and changes are so vast and unpredictable that every day we see or integrate businesses based on new models, the banking system is no exception. To prevent failure, adapt itself to existing models to consolidate its presence. In this MoreBusinesses are constantly changing, and changes are so vast and unpredictable that every day we see or integrate businesses based on new models, the banking system is no exception. To prevent failure, adapt itself to existing models to consolidate its presence. In this research, the researcher attempts to design a model based on the principles of collaborative marketing when merging between banks. That is, at the quantitative stage of the initial conceptual model based on mature causal variables b 23 variables including cobanking's topic and six dimensions and 16 design components and then in the second (quantitative) questionnaire consisting of 67 design questions that its validity through academic experts and its reliability using structural equation software with mean 75 % Confirmed that the relationships between variables were analyzed using Structural Equation Method in two parts: Model fit analysis (Examination of measurement models - Structural model investigation and General model) and Testing hypotheses. The template (one concept - six dimensions and ten components) was developed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - The Role of Enterprise Risk Management on Firm Performance in the Merger and Acquisition Process Using Heckman's Two-Stage Model
nikoo mohammad sharifi seyed ali nabavi chashmi naser ali yadollahzade tabariOppose to traditional risk management where individual risks are managed separately in "risk silos", corporate risk management enables companies to manage a wide range of risks in a seamless and comprehensive way. International studies have shown that the evolution of t MoreOppose to traditional risk management where individual risks are managed separately in "risk silos", corporate risk management enables companies to manage a wide range of risks in a seamless and comprehensive way. International studies have shown that the evolution of traditional risk management to a holistic perspective and the adoption of Enterprise risk management have enhanced the firm's performance from a strategic perspective. This study investigates the impact of enterprise risk management on the performance of listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange (measured by Tobin's Q ratio) in the merger and acquisition process using Heckman's two-stage model over the period 1392 to 1397. The statistical sample of the study consists of 54 target companies of Tehran Stock Exchange. The results of the first stage showed that the variables of firm size, financial leverage and industry control variable had a significant relationship with the determinants of enterprise risk management. Secondly, it was confirmed that organizational risk management had a significant impact on the performance of listed companies in the merger and acquisition process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Merge And Credit risk
zeinab khalil arjomandi Masoud Taherinia Azam Ahmadyan Ahmad Sarlakmerge Bank is one of the ways to reform the structure of the banking network in the yearsThe latter has come to the attention of Iranian banking policymakers. Merger of banks in Iran with the aim of improving the health and Risk management of banks was done in 2017 one Moremerge Bank is one of the ways to reform the structure of the banking network in the yearsThe latter has come to the attention of Iranian banking policymakers. Merger of banks in Iran with the aim of improving the health and Risk management of banks was done in 2017 one of the most important Risks، In the absence of proper management can cause a crisis in the bank. in this article the effect of bank mergers on credit risk in the years 1996-2018 has been studied. The virtual variable is used to measure the merger of banks.In this article, to create a bank merger variable, a virtual variable is defined, according to which, if the banks is merged, it is considered number one and otherwise it is considered a zero number. To measure credit risk, two methods of univariate and definition of a combined variable have been used. To estimate the effect of bank mergers on credit risk of the model ARDL Used. The results of the model indicate a positive relationship between return on assets, the ratio of income-generating assets to credit risk and a negative relationship between economic growth and credit risk Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Presentation of Kobanking Model in the Integration of Banks and Institutions with a Marketing Approach (Case Study of Gwain Bank)
Hamidreza Ramezani parviz saeedi Amir Ghafourian shagerdi sayyedmohammadreza hosseiniBusinesses are constantly changing, and changes are also widespread and unpredictable. So that every day we see the creation or integration of a variety of businesses based on the foundation of new models. The banking system is no exception to this, and in order to prev MoreBusinesses are constantly changing, and changes are also widespread and unpredictable. So that every day we see the creation or integration of a variety of businesses based on the foundation of new models. The banking system is no exception to this, and in order to prevent failure, it has adapted itself to various existing models to stabilize its presence. Considering that in past research, the merger of banks has been investigated according to the financial approach. In this research, the researcher tried to design a model based on cooperative marketing principles when integrating between banks. The research method is qualitative. Therefore, in order to achieve the best possible variables in this field, the fundamental method of content analysis and using the ground-based theory, first, the relations between the concept and its dimensions and components are formulated. In order to achieve a conceptual model, the views of experts and banking experts were used through interviews. And collecting comments until a consensus was reached, Snowball method was used for sampling. After 37 interviews with experts, the ultimate conceptual model, which included the concept of co-operation of banks, which was dependent on six dimensions, was also based on sixteen components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Prioritization of Economic Strategies of Small and Medium-Sized Sport Businesses Using the Integration Method TOPSIS-AHP
sargol alizadeh zahra nobakhat nima majediThis study aimed to identify and prioritize economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses using AHP-TOPSIS integration method. The method of the present study was descriptive- survey and it was applied research which conducted as fieldwork. In order to ident MoreThis study aimed to identify and prioritize economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses using AHP-TOPSIS integration method. The method of the present study was descriptive- survey and it was applied research which conducted as fieldwork. In order to identify the economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses, the theoretical saturation method and identifying the experts with the snowball method were used to identify the strategies. In order to analyze the research data, AHP and TOPSIS methods were used using SUPER DECISION software and TOPSIS software. According to the research results, it was found that the strategy of merging with other companies, the strategy of vertical integration upwards and the strategy of heterogeneous diversity are the most important strategies for identifying small and medium-sized sports businesses. Therefore, businesses in sports need to integrate with other companies and businesses in order to create a stronger structure by developing and improving their capabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Designing the model of flexibility of human resources in the conditions of merger in Iran's government organizations
Nasrin Jazani nahid azimian javad mehrabiNowadays, the flexible human force is the most important factor in responding to changes in the external environment, and after that, among the various strategies for the growth and development of organizations, mergers and acquisitions have become increasingly popular. MoreNowadays, the flexible human force is the most important factor in responding to changes in the external environment, and after that, among the various strategies for the growth and development of organizations, mergers and acquisitions have become increasingly popular. The purpose of the present study is to provide a model of flexibility of human resources in the conditions of integration. The research method is practical in terms of its purpose. The present research is mixed. The participants of the research are human resources specialists and experts who worked in the ministries of sports and youth before and after the merger, and university experts including professors in the field of human resources who have been teaching and researching in this field for at least 10 years. give In the current research, among the types of mixed research methods, an exploratory design of categorization type was used. In this project, qualitative data was first obtained through structured interviews, and in the second step, we will examine the relationships between indicators and factors of the model using interpretive structural modeling, and then use the Mic-Mc matrix to examine the degree of dependence and influence of each factor. One of the factors will be discussed. The presented model of the flexibility of human resources in the conditions of integration has 6 main themes, 21 sub-themes and 41 sub-indices and three levels of strategy (management, personnel, adjustment and proportionality).the management after the merger. Manuscript profile
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