A Review of the Quantum Key Distribution Network in Fiber Optics

Subject Areas : Renewable energy

Masoumeh  Shirichian ¹ (Department of Electrical Engineering- Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
Reza  Sabbaghi-Nadooshan ² (Department of Electrical Engineering- Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
Mahboobeh  Houshmand ³ (Department of Computer Engineering- Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran)
Monireh  Houshmand ⁴ (Department of Electrical Engineering, Imam Reza University, Mashhad, Iran)

Received: 2022-04-04 Accepted : 2022-08-05 Published : 2025-02-19

Keywords: Quantum key distribution network, Quantum cryptography, trusted relays network, optical nodes network, integration of the quantum key distribution network with software defined network,

Abstract :

Telecommunication networks are certainly one of the cornerstones of the modern information society and one of the main drivers of the economy and provide a basis on which many daily activities can rely. Also, new technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, self-driving cars, 5G, etc. will not reach their full potential unless an infrastructure communication network meets their needs. Security is critical to their infrastructure and services. On the other hand, the development of quantum computing technology in recent years and the construction of quantum computers with very high processing power and solving very complex problems faster than current computers has made cybersecurity, computer security and communication devices a vital and important issue for governments. However, with the advancement of quantum technology, these threats can be prevented by using quantum methods to distribute keys, so quantum cryptography is considered as an alternative to classical methods against quantum computers and cyberattacks. Quantum key distribution is the most popular sub-branch of quantum cryptography, and commercial examples are now available in the market. However, the implementation of quantum key distribution networks in fiber optics, which is discussed in this paper, is one of the solutions that provide unconditional security through quantum cryptography to establish secure communication. The distinguishing point of this article is to provide an overview of the latest research in the field of implementation of quantum key distribution networks in fiber optics. In addition, the quantum key distribution networks implemented in the world are reviewed and compared and the approach of different countries in this field is studied.

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