مروری بر شبکه توزیع کلید کوانتومی در فیبرنوری

الموضوعات :

معصومه شیریچیان ¹ (گروه مهندسی برق- واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
رضا صباغی ندوشن ² (گروه مهندسی برق- واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
محبوبه هوشمند ³ (گروه مهندسی کامپیوتر- واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران)
منیره هوشمند ⁴ (گروه مهندسی برق- دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام رضا (ع)، مشهد، ایران)

تاريخ الإرسال : 03 الإثنين , رمضان, 1443 تاريخ التأكيد : 07 الجمعة , محرم, 1444 تاريخ الإصدار : 20 الأربعاء , شعبان, 1446

الکلمات المفتاحية: رمزنگاری کوانتومی, شبکه توزیع کلید کوانتومی, شبکه گره‌های نوری, ادغام شبکه توزیع کلید کوانتومی با شبکه‌ مبتنی بر نرم‌افزار, شبکه گره‌ها قابل‌اعتماد,

ملخص المقالة :

شبکه‌های مخابراتی، مسلماً یکی از سنگ بناهای جامعه اطلاعاتی مدرن و یکی از محرک‌های اصلی اقتصاد هستند و زمینه‌ای را فراهم می‌کنند که بسیاری از فعالیت‌های روزمره بر آن تکیه نماید. همچنین فناوری های جدید مانند اینترنت اشیا، هوش مصنوعی، خودروهای خودران، G۵ و ... به پتانسیل کامل خود نمی‌رسند مگر این که یک شبکه ارتباطی زیربنایی نیازهای آن‌ها را برآورده کند که برای زیرساخت و خدمات آن‌ها امنیت موضوعی بسیار حیاتی است. از سوی دیگر پیشرفت فناوری محاسبات کوانتومی در سال‌های اخیر و ساخت رایانه‌های کوانتومی با توان پردازش بسیار بالا و حل مسائل بسیار پیچیده با سرعتی بیشتر از رایانه‌های فعلی باعث شده که امنیت سایبری، امنیت رایانه‌ها و وسایل ارتباطی به یک مسئله حیاتی و مورد توجه دولت‌ها تبدیل گردد. با این ‌حال با پیشرفت فناوری کوانتومی می‌توان با استفاده از روش‌های کوانتومی برای توزیع کلیدها از این تهدیدات جلوگیری نمود، لذا رمزنگاری کوانتومی به‌عنوان جایگزین روش‌های کلاسیک در مقابل رایانه‌های کوانتومی و حملات سایبری در نظر گرفته شده است. توزیع کلید کوانتومی معروف‌ترین زیرشاخه رمزنگاری کوانتومی است که امروزه نمونه‌های تجاری آن نیز در بازار موجود است. استفاده از رمزنگاری کوانتومی در زیرساخت شبکه‌های کلاسیک کنونی منجر به برقراری امنیت بی‌قید و شرط در ارتباطات بلند برد گردیده که در این مقاله به آن پرداخته شده است. نقطه تمایز این مقاله ارائه مروری بر جدیدترین تحقیقات در زمینه پیاده‌سازی شبکه‌های توزیع کلید کوانتومی در فیبرنوری است. همچنین شبکه‌های توزیع کلید کوانتومی پیاده‌سازی شده در دنیا بررسی و مقایسه گردیده و رویکرد کشورهای مختلف در این زمینه را مورد مطالعه قرار می‌دهد.

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