List of Articles Iran.

• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  1 - The impact of cultural institutions on the institutionalization of modern Islamic civilization
  غفار zarei soleyman ghasempor Ali Mohammad Haghighi
  The role of culture as a spiritual aspect and civilization as a material aspect are two important topics in the field of identity and national identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran. These two inseparable and reinforcing elements have been of great importance in the h More

  The role of culture as a spiritual aspect and civilization as a material aspect are two important topics in the field of identity and national identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran. These two inseparable and reinforcing elements have been of great importance in the history of Iranian civilization. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, due to the explanation and emphasis on civilization based on the discourse of the Islamic Revolution, the issue of civilizational identity has been considered as a main issue in cultural policy. Based on this, the main question of the research is, what effect did cultural institutions have on the institutionalization of modern Islamic civilization in the Islamic Republic of Iran? The main hypothesis is that cultural institutions, knowing the goals and nature of different layers of modern Islamic civilization based on educational, media and cultural and political socialization components, should act in the direction of institutionalization and reproduction of modern Islamic civilization. According to the nature of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution and the viewpoint of the Supreme Leader, as well as the programs formulated in the field of cultural policies, it is possible to achieve the civilizational identity and its development and deepening. The research method is a qualitative method, and the method of collecting information in a library and analyzing the collected data is qualitative analysis. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  2 - Prioritizing The Sustainable Development Of Strategic Infrastructures Using The Analytic Hierarchy Process: A Case Study Of Iran
  Babak Nabizadeh Saman Solaimanian
  Introduction: The importance of the global movement towards sustainable development has increased in the recent years, and it is necessary to redefine the concept of development in every country under a framework which responds to the current and future needs of that na More

  Introduction: The importance of the global movement towards sustainable development has increased in the recent years, and it is necessary to redefine the concept of development in every country under a framework which responds to the current and future needs of that nation. Therefore, the aim of this research is to prioritize three strategic infrastructures of the national electricity distribution network, water supply network and fossil fuel distribution network within a specific practical framework. Materials and Methods: This research used the comprehensive multi-criteria decision-making method of the analytical hierarchy process which is based on the experiences gained in the design, implementation and operation of strategic infrastructures with a survey from 12 experts. Mentioned infrastructures have prioritized according to four economic, social, environmental and technical criteria along with 10 sub-criteria layers of investment and construction cost, maintenance cost, job creation, acceptance and public participation rate, water, soil and air pollution, final quality, technical efficiency and training of expert staff. Results and Discussion: The results showed that in examining the dimensions of sustainable development, the environmental criterion with a weight of 0.30 has the highest priority, followed by the technical criterion with a weight of 0.24. Social and economic criteria were ranked next with weights of 0.224 and 0.223 respectively. Also, the fuel distribution network with a weight of 0.026 had the highest importance in the sustainable development of infrastructure. The second priority was the nationwide electricity distribution network with a weight of 0.0252, and the third priority was the water supply network with a weight of 0.0251. Further, the weight of the alternatives for prioritizing the strategic target infrastructures based on the main criteria showed that the water supply network had the highest priority in economic and environmental criteria with weights of 0.27 and 0.34 respectively. In the social criterion, the nationwide electricity distribution network has the highest priority with a weight of 0.26, and in the technical criterion, the fuel network has the highest priority with a weight of 0.33. Conclusion: Iran with high dependency on fossil energy in its infrastructure demands planning for sustainable development in the processes of exploration, extraction, refining and transportation network of fossil fuels. Then the electricity network of the country requires fundamental changes in the electricity supply system and convergence with innovative technologies. In the third step, because of the water crisis, Iran needs to introduce novel technologies into its infrastructure to achieve higher efficiency. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  3 - A study of the political patterns of influence of the domination system in the Islamic Republic of Iran
  ahmadreza habibi
  Abstract The political patterns of influence which is the result of the experience of global arrogance in overthrowing anti-imperialist regimes are the roadmap for the political influence of the domination system in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Therefore this study is More

  Abstract The political patterns of influence which is the result of the experience of global arrogance in overthrowing anti-imperialist regimes are the roadmap for the political influence of the domination system in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Therefore this study is in response to this question that what political patterns are used for the political influence of the domination system in the Islamic Republic of Iran, in a descriptive-analytical method, has analyzed and explained the political patterns of influence of the domination system. The results of the present study show that system of domination, after failing in a hard approach to counter the Islamic Revolution of Iran, has entered the campaign against the system of the Islamic Republic with a soft approach. And system of domination using the patterns of democratization, war of ideas, war of wills, RefoLotion, nonviolent struggle, normalization and computational battle, with the aim of transmutation and overthrowing the Islamic Revolution, and using domestic and foreign influencers, has attempted to political influence in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  4 - Analytical-comparative analysis of organic architectural works in Iran (Second Pahlavi period)
  Alaleh Samir Maryam Cheshme Qassabani Hosein Karim Abadi
  Background and Objective: The organic style, influenced by the libertarian movements, which derived from modernism. In order to define libertarianism for the architectural character of its own, this style, specified characteristics, and principles such as nature as a mo More

  Background and Objective: The organic style, influenced by the libertarian movements, which derived from modernism. In order to define libertarianism for the architectural character of its own, this style, specified characteristics, and principles such as nature as a model, individualism, and nationalism. Despite the importance of this style to date, it has not yet been fully studied in contemporary Iranian architecture. Thus, in this study, the architectural works of organic style in the period - the second Pahlavi - are analyzed to explain the common features. Methods: The present historical research, with an analytical-comparative approach, has used inferential and deductive reasoning. First, the principles of organic style architecture, derived from a comparative study of written evidence and existing documents, were explained as a criterion of measurement. Then, a list of works of organic architecture in Iran was prepared to select samples for analysis by purposive sampling. Finally, the analyzed samples were compared with the principles of organic architecture. Findings: Organic architecture in Iran, in building and landscape design, has been used for various purposes, among which, preserving the potentials of the natural environment and reusing it with minimal human intervention, are in line with the common design theme. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that the works of organic architecture in Iran in the second Pahlavi period, have able to have common concepts according to the organic style, such as the integration of the artificial environment with the natural environment, which originated from the organic style and has been appeared in these works. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  5 - Appropriate water recycling systems for use in residential architecture in Iran
  saharossadat lohmoosavi hutan iravani mohammad kooshafar
  10.30495/jest.2023.67400.5682
  Background and Objective: In this research, we have interpreted and investigated gray water and provided information through a library. Considering the critical conditions of water resources, it is measured by studying and investigating all types of gray water treatment More

  Background and Objective: In this research, we have interpreted and investigated gray water and provided information through a library. Considering the critical conditions of water resources, it is measured by studying and investigating all types of gray water treatment systems with four variables: factors (economic, environmental, residential use and the amount of space used) with entropy and TOPSIS methods. Material and Methodology: The research method in this research is a survey type, the data was collected through a library and field with statistical analysis, the result was obtained that based on the priority of primary physical treatment with a number of 0.881, biological treatment with a number of 0.483, and simple treatment. With a score of 0.305, they have won the third rank. Findings: Three physical, chemical and biological methods have been investigated for the treatment of gray wastewater, of which 62 percent are related to domestic gray wastewater. In this research, gray wastewater treatment is investigated and finally, the best practical option is determined by comparative study and compatibility with residential architecture in Iran. Discussion and Conclusion: In this research, according to the research and collection of materials related to water treatment and examination of gray water treatment systems, the results were obtained using entropy and TOPSIS statistical analysis methods. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  6 - Political Relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and India from a Constructivist Perspective: Opportunities and Challenges
  seyed javad Ahmadi Hasan Khodaverdi Garineh Keshishyan
  10.22034/sej.2023.1991066.1552
  The present study aims to examine the political relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and India from a constructivist perspective. The research method is descriptive-explanatory, and it seeks to answer the questions: What perceptions do the foreign policy agent More

  The present study aims to examine the political relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and India from a constructivist perspective. The research method is descriptive-explanatory, and it seeks to answer the questions: What perceptions do the foreign policy agents of Iran and India have of each other? And what are the opportunities and challenges in this relationship? The study is based on the hypothesis that the identity structure derived from the Islamic Revolution of Iran, which has extended to a structural-agent order in foreign policy, conflicts with the neoliberalism chosen by India's foreign policymakers and the ruling party. Thus, this difference in identity foundations and the structural-agent relationship in both domestic and international systems has created challenges and opportunities for both countries. Consequently, after the Islamic Revolution and Iran's withdrawal from the CENTO alliance and alignment with the West, and its joining the Non-Aligned Movement, of which India was a founding member, there was significant hope in the Islamic Republic of Iran for improved relations with India due to shared identity stemming from peaceful foreign policy and pacifism (Nehruism), which was based on non-alignment with major powers and solidarity with weaker countries. However, after the end of the Cold War and the paradigm shift in India's foreign policy from Nehruvian idealism to realism, changes in normative-identity foundations, the marginalization of the National Congress Party, the victory of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and closer ties with the West, the relations cooled. Therefore, it appears that the foreign policymakers of Iran and India may not be able to find intersubjective identity resources and shared values and norms to develop relations at a strategic level, which could be a challenge in the relations between the two countries. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  7 - Strategies of Social Integration of Afghan Immigrants in the Islamic Republic of Iran
  Hadi Farjami Kia Ali  Shirkhani
  The purpose of the present research is to study strategies of social integration of Afghan immigrants in the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the SWOT model. Totally, 8 strength points, 17 weakness points, 19 opportunities, and 13 threats were detected. In the next sta More

  The purpose of the present research is to study strategies of social integration of Afghan immigrants in the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the SWOT model. Totally, 8 strength points, 17 weakness points, 19 opportunities, and 13 threats were detected. In the next stage, the final score of each criterion and sub-criterion was determined using paired comparison, Saaty ranking system, and ANP model. According to the obtained scores, it can be said that in the current situation, the invasive strategy should be taken into consideration and prioritized. Strategies of SO9, So3, and SO1 have the highest scores and are recognized as the first, second, and third priorities. The strategy of SO9 develops territory markets, export of domestic goods, and import of Afghan products to Iran. SO3 propagates consumption patterns among the immigrants and expands internal and external markets which help economic growth. SO1 increases the labor force and ethnic variation in society and creates interaction between different cities and regions. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  8 - Spatio-temporal Variations of Snow-covered Days in the Northwest of Iran using Remote Sensing Data
  Abbas Kashani Bromand Salahi Amirhossein Halabian Batool Zeinali
  In this research, the spatiotemporal variations of snow-covered days (SCDs) in this region were analyzed using the data of the sixth version of MODIS Terra and MODIS Aqua sensors on a daily basis in the period of 2003-2020. In order to reduce the cloud cover effect, thr More

  In this research, the spatiotemporal variations of snow-covered days (SCDs) in this region were analyzed using the data of the sixth version of MODIS Terra and MODIS Aqua sensors on a daily basis in the period of 2003-2020. In order to reduce the cloud cover effect, three algorithms were applied to the data. For the digital elevation model, the Digital Surface Model (DSM) of the Japan Space Exploration Agency was used. The relation between two snow-cover phenological components (SCAs and SCDs) and the relation between the SCDs and the altitude were investigated. The findings show an increase in SCDs in the months of November, December, and January. Maximum SCDs are observed in January in Sabalan Mountain and then Sahand. The reduction of SCDs in the spring and summer months is also affected by the two factors of latitude and altitude. The absolute maximum of SCDs in this region is observed at 160 days/ year in the mountain of Sabalan. Examining the changes in SCDs in March and April shows a decrease in SCDs in high-altitude classes. At the same time, it shows the increasing pattern of SCDs in November and December at many altitude levels. Analysis of the relation between SCA and SCDs in different months illustrated that SCAs has decreased in regions with more SCDs (heights) due to the reduction of topographic areas. The relation of SCDs and altitude also showed that the minimum of SCDs occurred in all altitude levels (even altitudes above 3500 m with 4 days) in August and the maximum occurred in December with 22 days at the altitude of 3500 m. SCDs decrease with increasing altitude in mountainous areas of 3500 to 4000 m, due to the increase of land slope and instability of SC in steep areas. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  9 - Resistance (Moqavimat) strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Middle East based on security theoryCopenhagen School (2019-2014)
  Sadegh Shahvarpoor najafabadi حامد محقق نیا فریدون اکبرزاده
  Simultaneously with the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1357 and the establishment of the Islamic Republic, world powers tried to neutralize and stop the Islamic Revolution with various methods from military war to economic sanctions.In this situation, the More

  Simultaneously with the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1357 and the establishment of the Islamic Republic, world powers tried to neutralize and stop the Islamic Revolution with various methods from military war to economic sanctions.In this situation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, in order to maintain its security and life and to spread the discourse of the revolution, started the policy of forming resistance groups in the West Asian region.In this research, an attempt has been made to examine the regional policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the role of resistance groups in them, as well as the relationship between these policies and the Copenhagen security school.The main research question raised here is how to analyze the resistance strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Middle East region with the influence of the Copenhagen school.? Also, the hypothesis is proposed that it seems that the strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the military, economic, political and environmental fields in the Middle East region was formed under the influence of the theory of the Copenhagen school and the ideas of Bari Bozan. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  10 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
  Ali Rahimi
  Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal More

  Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile