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Open Access Article
1 - A Deliberation on the History of the Friday Prayer to the End of the Abbasid Period
قنبرعلی رودگرAs an expression of the ideas of “remembrance” and “prayer” in theKoran, the Friday prayer is primarily the manifestation of thecommunal worship of God. Surviving reports of the contents of thesermons by the Prophet, Imams, and the first four Cal MoreAs an expression of the ideas of “remembrance” and “prayer” in theKoran, the Friday prayer is primarily the manifestation of thecommunal worship of God. Surviving reports of the contents of thesermons by the Prophet, Imams, and the first four Caliphs during theFriday prayer, show these sermons to have occasionally includedsocial and political contents. However, in the course of the evolutionof these sermons, changes in their substance and significationtransformed them into discourses with completely political andgovernmental contents. The most important of these changes was arequirement to pray for the ruling Caliph by whomever delivered thesermon. As a result, the notion of "sermonizing in someone's name"was created and came to generally signify the legitimization of thatperson's rule. The imposition of purely political functionalities uponthe sermons that were delivered at Friday prayers, gradually erodedtheir sanctity in Islamic history. Manuscript profile -
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2 - Nūshābād’s Zīlū: The Earliest Known Zīlū from Islamic Persia
Mohamad Reza Ghiasian Mohammad Mashhadi Noosh AbadiAlthough zīlūproduction has been mentioned in the historical texts of the tenth century, the surviving examples belong to the sixteenth century onwards. Some scholars have considered a zīlūwoven in Maybod and dated 808/1405 as the earliest known zīlū, but they have mist MoreAlthough zīlūproduction has been mentioned in the historical texts of the tenth century, the surviving examples belong to the sixteenth century onwards. Some scholars have considered a zīlūwoven in Maybod and dated 808/1405 as the earliest known zīlū, but they have mistaken in reading the date and it belongs to the Safavid period. The only known pre- Safavid zīlūis preserved in the Hermitage museum. Historians of Islamic art believe that this zīlūbears no date and introduce it as one of the masterpieces of Ilkhanid art. This paper with careful scrutiny of both artistic style and inscriptions offers a new suggestion for its weaving date. It can be hypothesized that this zīlūhas been woven in Ramadan 808/1406 in Nūshābād, a small town near Kashan. Thus it can be considered as the earliest dated zilu surviving from Islamic Persia. One of the important questions concerning this zīlūaddresses its function. Although other scholars considered this flatweave as a saf – carpet with repeated niche designs that may have been intended for large congregational mosques, use of Quranic inscriptions in a carpet, which would be trodden on by feet would have been disrespectful. Regarding the content of the inscriptions shows that it probably was a prayer rug and connects it to sufi circles Manuscript profile -
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3 - The Basis of Plants Adoption and It's Application in Landscape of Malay Traditional House
Nur Hafizah Ramle Ab. Aziz Shuaib Ramle Abdullah Olalere Folasayo Enoch Mohd Sukhairi Mat Rasat Olalere Enoch -
Open Access Article
4 - The Influences of Physical Features of Space on Sense of Place (Case study: Prayer Rooms of Mehrabad International Airport)
Mohammadjavad Abbaszadeh Saba Sultan Qurraie Azadeh Mohajer Milani -
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5 - The History of Compilation and the Place of the Book of Common Prayer in the Protestantism in Christianity and the Place and Dignity of Prayers and Rituals in Islam
Mansoureh Nejatnia Bakhsh Ali Ghanbari (Corresponding Author) Mohammad Reza AdliThe Book of Common Prayer is the short title of a number of prayer books that are read as sources of prayer in Christian churches, including the Anglican Communion, and have a high position in Christian religions. The original prayer book of the Anglican Communion was p MoreThe Book of Common Prayer is the short title of a number of prayer books that are read as sources of prayer in Christian churches, including the Anglican Communion, and have a high position in Christian religions. The original prayer book of the Anglican Communion was published in England in 1549 in the reign of King Edward VI. This book, which is the product of the reformation of the Church of England after breaking the relationship with the Church of Rome, was able to find an important place in this church. During the Reformation, it was first formally compiled by Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, and evidence of Protestant theology can be seen throughout the book. The unique reception of Christians due to the easy access of the religious rulings and laws included in this book, encourages every Christian to perform ceremonies, prayers and other religious and obligatory matters. This book, along with the Bible, while playing a prominent role, shows the rituals of Christianity in it more clearly. In Islam, religious rites, considering the rich resources evident in it and including all the parts of Islamic jurisprudence which are derived from the Quran and the teachings of the great Prophet of Islam, are recommended to every Muslim as constructive and enlightening guidelines. Manuscript profile -
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6 - Prayer according to Mary Eddy Baker
Bahareh Zamiri Jirsarai Noori Sadat ShahangianThe article discusses the significance of prayer as a means of communication with God. Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Christian Science Movement, has a unique perspective on prayer that is worth considering. This movement gained popularity for its ability to reconc MoreThe article discusses the significance of prayer as a means of communication with God. Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Christian Science Movement, has a unique perspective on prayer that is worth considering. This movement gained popularity for its ability to reconcile science and health, with the primary goal of returning to the early Christianity and rediscovering its primary healing element. This movement is renowned for its spiritual healing approach to disease, as Eddy believed that illness was an illusion and could only be eliminated through prayer. Thus, prayer became the dominant approach in achieving the movement's objectives. Eddy contends that prayer has special concepts and special conditions, which will be studied in this article. According to Eddy, the spiritual meaning of prayer is to love all humans with affection. Real prayer is not asking God for anything, but rather aspiring to be good and do good work. In Eddy's view, the existential effects of prayer are spiritual progression and trust in God. Eddy believed that prayer is necessary for freedom from dangers such as judging. Manuscript profile -
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7 - Unity of Religion from the Rumi’s Point of View
عبدالرضا مظاهریAccording to the Sufis the relation between God and the world issimilar to the relation between sun and its rays so all prophets camefrom a single source of light; however lay people who have engaged inmaterial matters could not appreciate this unity, therefore, called MoreAccording to the Sufis the relation between God and the world issimilar to the relation between sun and its rays so all prophets camefrom a single source of light; however lay people who have engaged inmaterial matters could not appreciate this unity, therefore, called theprophets as Moses, Jesus and etc. Since people could not realize theessence of religion, they start interpreting it according to theirunderstanding, and as a result, fighting with each other. Rumi believesthat prophets are the representatives of God on the earth and by usingallegory he tries to explain the unity of the path of prophets. Accordingto Rumi, the mystery of the oneness of religion will be discovered onlyby cutting through the exoteric side of it. From his viewpoint the innateGod-given religion, or the real divine unity, and the devotional prayerare the essence of religion and if people understand this reality, theirconflict will be disappeared. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Manners of the Man’s Relation with God in Mawlānā’s and Tresa’s Viewpoint
B. QanbarīGod is the central theme in mysticism. Therefore, all the mystics’endeavors are in direct of establishing a relation with Him. During the historyof different mystical traditions, various paths are recommended for suchcommunication. In both Islamic and Christian my MoreGod is the central theme in mysticism. Therefore, all the mystics’endeavors are in direct of establishing a relation with Him. During the historyof different mystical traditions, various paths are recommended for suchcommunication. In both Islamic and Christian mystical traditions, mysticshave both theorized and practiced in various kinds. Although these twotraditions, have some similarities for a comparative study, but their differentattitudes toward God and man has caused some divergences too. InChristianity, God enters into the course of the history within the Christ’s bodyand causes a totally different relation by His incarnation. It is obvious thatsuch a God is not comparable with Islamic concept of the unconditioned God.Instead of all these facts, in both traditions God has personification and this istheir most significant similarity that facilitates a comparison.Tresa of Avila and Jalāl al-Dīn Mohammad Mawlawī, are among themost significant mystics of these two traditions. Both Tresa and Mawlānā,have considered a personal relation with God as the basis of their journeytowards Him, and their works testify to this fact. This survey may besignificant in opening a new view to comparative studies of mysticism. TheAuthor’s method is phenomenological and comparative. At first, a concisebiography of Tresa is reported, but for Mawlānā’s reputation among thereaders, the author has withheld from referring to his biography. Manuscript profile -
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9 - A Comparative Study of Prayer in the Military Poems of Ganjavi and Jamil Sedghi Al-Zahawi
Khaled Hefzi Abdolamir Al-Tamimi Mehrdad AghaeiIn the Persian literature, Iranian and non-Iranian poets and writers, citing the order of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) who said: "everything must be started in the name of God", have long written their poems and writings in the name of the Lord of the worlds, and praising Hi MoreIn the Persian literature, Iranian and non-Iranian poets and writers, citing the order of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) who said: "everything must be started in the name of God", have long written their poems and writings in the name of the Lord of the worlds, and praising His greatness and generosity. In Arabic literature, old and new poets have prayed to the Lord of the universe in their poems. Nezami Ganjavi, one of the greatest poets of Persian literature, at the beginning of his Masnavi, has dedicated many verses to praise and supplication to God. The Iraqi poet, Jamil Sedghi al-Zahawi also mentions God in a scattered manner in the margins of his divan, but in the final part of the divan, he devotes an ode to prayer and supplication to God only. The purpose of this study is to have a comparative study of prayers and supplications and their content in the poems of Nezami Ganjavi and Jamil Sedghi Alzheimer. Manuscript profile -
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10 - A Comparative Study of Legitimacy of Affirmation from Shiite and Sunnite's Viewpoint
Hadi Razzaqi Harikandei Roqiyeh Sadeqi AhangariImamate scholars all agree that affirmation in the Call to Prayer is forbidden and has never been part of the morning Call to Prayer, but there is disagreement among Sunni scholars as to whether affirmation in the Call to Prayer is permissible or not. Most Sunni sc MoreImamate scholars all agree that affirmation in the Call to Prayer is forbidden and has never been part of the morning Call to Prayer, but there is disagreement among Sunni scholars as to whether affirmation in the Call to Prayer is permissible or not. Most Sunni scholars consider saying this sentence in the morning Call to Prayer to be legitimate and recommended and quitting is abandoned; but some Sunni scholars such as Abu Hanifa has emphasized its heresy. This article aims to critique and analyze the reasons for the legitimacy of affirmation by the majority of Sunnis using a descriptive-analytical method. That is to say, Bilal and Abi Mahzoor conclude that both narrations have a serious weaknesses, both in terms of authenticity and causal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Etiquettes of the prayers of prophets in the Qur'an
Mohammad Reza Noor MohammadiPrayer is man's direct relationship with God, it is calling God and hearing the answer. Prayer is asking God and receiving a gift from the unseen world. Prayer is an educational and human-made program. It is recommended that every Muslim and every human being turn to Go MorePrayer is man's direct relationship with God, it is calling God and hearing the answer. Prayer is asking God and receiving a gift from the unseen world. Prayer is an educational and human-made program. It is recommended that every Muslim and every human being turn to God and hope to be responded and not be discouraged by divine mercy. Prayer is a precious act of worship in a practical sense, which has been mentioned as a means of fulfilling desires, achieving goals. Prayer is the only way for the servants to communicate with the origin and it is the only means that God Almighty has determined for communication with Himself, if this communication and attention is not to the origin, God Almighty will cut off His special favor. In this case, the slaves lose the ability to accept this provision and lose the need for divine mercy. The Holy Qur'an considers this a kind of arrogance, even from a being who has no status other than the status of a slave. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Intertextuality of the fiftieth prayer of Sahifa Sajjadieh and Quran
Keyvan Ehsani Naval HazbaviIntertextuality is one of the approaches considered in recent decades in the field of literature. Intertextuality is a theory that examines the relationship between two texts. The Holy Quran, which is at the top of the religious heritage, has always been the source of m MoreIntertextuality is one of the approaches considered in recent decades in the field of literature. Intertextuality is a theory that examines the relationship between two texts. The Holy Quran, which is at the top of the religious heritage, has always been the source of many literary and religious texts, and the Sajjadiyya Sahifa, which is interpreted as "Akht al-Quran", has many Qur'anic meanings and interpretations. The present study investigates the intertextual relationship between the Qur'an and the phrases of the fiftieth prayer of Sahifa Sajjadieh and with the descriptive-analytical method has reached the conclusion that there is a two-way link between the verses of the Qur'an and the words of Imam Sajjad (AS).Imam (AS) during this prayer, have used a variety of structural, thematic and lexical intertextuality as the Qur'an is manifested in their requests and the structure of his words in this prayer, more than the type of thematic intertextuality and the type of relationship It is of the parallel negation type. Manuscript profile -
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13 - Prayer and Ghadr Night from the Point of View of Imam Musa Sadr in Comparison with Those of Other Quran Interpreters
Ata ollah EftekhariPrayer and Ghadr Night are two important and interrelated issues. Interpreters of Holy Quran have paid special attention to them and their relation. The present article reviews most interpreters' views on the verse 186 of Bagharah surah and the beginning verses of Do kh MorePrayer and Ghadr Night are two important and interrelated issues. Interpreters of Holy Quran have paid special attention to them and their relation. The present article reviews most interpreters' views on the verse 186 of Bagharah surah and the beginning verses of Do khan surah on the one hand and those ofImam Musa Sadr on the other and compares these interpretations to find out their similarities and differences. The article finally concludes that Imam Musa Sadrs views are more rational and reasonable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Intertextuality of Fourth Prayer in Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya and Quran
Alireza Zakizadeh Somayyeh Ghorbani“Quran’s sister” is not an exception in which many Quranic concepts and interpretations are manifested and reflected. Quran’s Verses are appeared either clearly or indirectly in Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya which shows Imam Sajad’s deep und More“Quran’s sister” is not an exception in which many Quranic concepts and interpretations are manifested and reflected. Quran’s Verses are appeared either clearly or indirectly in Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya which shows Imam Sajad’s deep understanding of Quranic concepts. Present research studies the intertextuality of Holy Quran and initial parts of fourth prayer of Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya and resulted out that there is a close and bilateral relationship between Quran and Imam Sajad’s words with comparative – descriptive method. Manuscript profile -
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15 - Investigating the hydrological concepts of rain in the Qur'an based on Nahj al-Balaghah
Seyed Ali Hashemi Khanabasi Reza Norouz ValashdiThe advancement of science in the mind of every fair person raises the question of how rain is accurately, scientifically and eloquently expressed in the Holy Book of the Qur'an and Nahj al-Balaghah. This means that these books, verses and speeches have described the na MoreThe advancement of science in the mind of every fair person raises the question of how rain is accurately, scientifically and eloquently expressed in the Holy Book of the Qur'an and Nahj al-Balaghah. This means that these books, verses and speeches have described the natural elements according to the level of knowledge and understanding of the scientific subjects of their time. Therefore, in this study, the sciences in this sermon on rainfall and its request from the Creator of the universe have been studied by using the verses of the Qur'an and the interpretation of Imam Ali (as) in Sermon 115 of Nahj al-Balagheh. The purpose of this study is to compare the exact statements of Imam Ali (as) in the rain sermon with the modern science of weather and meteorology about the mechanism of formation, movement, and various forms of rainfall on Earth. Finally, different types of rain and the theory of the formation of raindrops (desegregation and bergeron) and effective rain are mentioned by carefully examining the sermon of the Prophet. Manuscript profile -
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16 - A Study on Parents and Friends’ Influence on Children’s Interest in Prayer (Ardebil Province)
Iran Soleimani Mahrokh AllahyariPrayer is the highest manifestation of need which has a wide relationship with various aspects of human life, its conditions and etiquette, regulate and reform the whole system and human relations. In today's world, where cultural unrest has severely endangered the heal MorePrayer is the highest manifestation of need which has a wide relationship with various aspects of human life, its conditions and etiquette, regulate and reform the whole system and human relations. In today's world, where cultural unrest has severely endangered the health and safety of many societies, God's prayers, trust, and help can save people from falling into the mire of sin. The present study was conducted by analytical methods with random sampling among all primary, secondary and high school students in Ardabil province and relies on Holy Quran to provide effective and practical solutions to attract children to prayer. Among the various components, parents with 46.3% have the highest statistics in attracting children to prayer. Therefore, the role of parents by relying on Qur'an in providing ways to encourage children to pray and presenting in mosques to maintain and promote Islamic and national identity and protect the family and society is undeniable. Manuscript profile -
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17 - Comparative study of the legitimacy of the prayers of noon with the evening and the west with Isha
هادی غلامرضاراوی مینا غلامرضاراوی محمد ابراهیم نژاد کهنی javad salehiOne of the disputed issues between Shiites and Sunnis is the legitimacy of the gathering of two prayers. Shiite has a common time for prayer at noon and afternoon, and for the prayers of the Maghrib and Isha, it is possible to pray the prayers of the noon and evening, a MoreOne of the disputed issues between Shiites and Sunnis is the legitimacy of the gathering of two prayers. Shiite has a common time for prayer at noon and afternoon, and for the prayers of the Maghrib and Isha, it is possible to pray the prayers of the noon and evening, and the prayers of Maghrib and Isha together. Of course, some jurisprudents believe that there is no delay in prayer without excuses. The Sunni does not consider the total time to be absolute and the total between two prayers is permissible in certain cases. In this article, we explain the arguments of both religions and criticize them. The dominant theory of the Shi'a jurisprudents is absolute legitimacy of the two prayers, but some of the jurists are entitled to delay in the event of an excuse. Sunnis do not agree on the total legitimacy of the two prayers in absolute terms, and some Sunni scholars have combined the two prayers with sickness or travel or other restrictions. By studying Sunnite Hadiths, there are some hadiths that prove the totality of the platinum, which is consistent with Shi'a's views. Manuscript profile -
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18 - ادله عقلی و نقلی تعیین ملاک مسافت شرعی در فقه امامیه
mahdi Mahdavi e aminThe limit of fault in the "prayer of the traveler" is one of the precepts in which the problem is divided, so that some narratives refer to the "Yaman path" and some others as "Thyman-e-Farsakh" or "Bereidan" as the criterion of "Qasr Salat". Now, what is the criterion MoreThe limit of fault in the "prayer of the traveler" is one of the precepts in which the problem is divided, so that some narratives refer to the "Yaman path" and some others as "Thyman-e-Farsakh" or "Bereidan" as the criterion of "Qasr Salat". Now, what is the criterion as the main criterion and which is simply explained and adapted to the main index? In this article, through the use of theological foundations, the totality and inclusion of the sentences in the religion of the khatam and the decree of the judgments based on the power of the people and based on the traditions of "Yum" path and the definition of a different category of evidence, the reason for the Palace of Salat, its hardship and difficulty We conclude that the main criterion for the fault of the Sala'ah is for Shar'e, one day's journey, which in our time is 850 km. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The study of jurisprudential principles of the principles of justice in Islam
هادی غلامرضاراوی Mahmoud YousefvandThe principle of ensuring the safety of individuals in the community and of justice and non-discrimination between individuals derived from human dignity is the source of the creation of rights and responsibilities and duties for human beings. And this is not a stand-al MoreThe principle of ensuring the safety of individuals in the community and of justice and non-discrimination between individuals derived from human dignity is the source of the creation of rights and responsibilities and duties for human beings. And this is not a stand-alone right. Accordingly, Article 57 of the Citizenship Law is charged on the basis of principles such as the principle of innocence and the principle of the legality of the offense and punishment and the independence and impartiality of the judiciary and judges and the right to defense and the personal nature of the criminal liability and the permission of the attorney's right of access to the lawyer. In this paper, we answer the question of whether these principles are based on Shari'a principles. In response, all these principles are rooted in the sacred Islamic law, and our religious leaders strongly emphasized these principles. Manuscript profile -
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20 - Rituals of Religious Law and Spiritual Path in the Works of Ahmad Ghazzali and Ein Al-Qozat Hamedani
Rashin Bani-Najjarian Fateme Heydari -
Open Access Article
21 - Oriented concepts waiting in Persian ancient poetry (Allegorical narrative approach)
Saeideh Saki entezami Sakineh Azari Mohammad Rasool YosofvandIranian Persian language poets attachment to Islam, Islamic civilization founded on the expectation that religious teachings in the ancient Persian poetry by poets is manifest. The study collected poems with themes of apocalyptic concepts include such topics as: the Ant MoreIranian Persian language poets attachment to Islam, Islamic civilization founded on the expectation that religious teachings in the ancient Persian poetry by poets is manifest. The study collected poems with themes of apocalyptic concepts include such topics as: the Antichrist, return, and leadership in the time range to give the fifth century AH, a classification according to interpretations of poems and literary landscape Promised the appearance of symptoms and characteristics of the era of the rise of the implementation of the verses and traditions of Persian poetry style - descriptive analysis was presented. The results indicated that the references poets came to the question of validity is root, and the intellectual aspects of the poet's vision is based on the Hadith and Qur'anic verses also is approved Shiea and Sunni scholars, poets on the subject of Mahdism in centuries culture as poetry Mahdavi created and founded the Islamic civilization is great. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Conventional Invocations in Persian Poetry
Masoud KheradmandporThis study attempts to analyze Conventional Invocations as a subcategory of lyrics in Persian poetry. Since this poetic genre often includes the lasting convention of openings and endings in 'masnavis' and sometimes poetry anthologies, we can hardly encounter anthologie MoreThis study attempts to analyze Conventional Invocations as a subcategory of lyrics in Persian poetry. Since this poetic genre often includes the lasting convention of openings and endings in 'masnavis' and sometimes poetry anthologies, we can hardly encounter anthologies and 'divans' lacking this poetry genre. Thus, we can see the same trace in epic works like Ferdousi's Shahname, instructional works like Sa'di's Golestan and Bustan, and other romantic anthologies. In order to illustrate the span of this genre, this thesis tries to survey the following important issues in conventional poetry: definition of invocation and praying, the elements of invocation and prayers, the structure of conventional and religious invocations, literature and invocation, and invocation in the Persian literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Prayer and blessing in the Shahnameh
Shamsolhajiyeh ArdalaniA condition for prayers to be accepted is to know god and to give attention to prayers. Therefore prayer is the beginning of the way and not the end of it. Any sort of attention to god and any sort of heartily connection with divine spirit is considered as pray and wors MoreA condition for prayers to be accepted is to know god and to give attention to prayers. Therefore prayer is the beginning of the way and not the end of it. Any sort of attention to god and any sort of heartily connection with divine spirit is considered as pray and worship. The strongest connection between human and their creator is in the prayer. Fervent prayer in the Persian literature is in the category of lyrical literature and originates from feelings and sentiments. Ferdowsi utilizes benediction instead of fervent prayer more than other poets. In hardship, characters of the Shahnameh after purification, beg to God for their problems to be solved. They sometime find private connection with God without thinking to their own wills. This research is an investigation in the Shahnameh with respect to prayers and with the aim of obtaining knowledge on Shahname’s theism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Effectiveness Of Positive Thinking And Praying On Anxiety And Depression among 17-19 Year Olds
معصومه Fallahi elahe asadiThis study examined the effectiveness of positive thinking and prayer on anxiety and depression among 17-19 year olds from families supported by Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Shiraz. It was a semi-experimental research using a pretest - posttest method with control MoreThis study examined the effectiveness of positive thinking and prayer on anxiety and depression among 17-19 year olds from families supported by Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Shiraz. It was a semi-experimental research using a pretest - posttest method with control group. In so doing, from the population 30 available samples were selected to complete the questionnaires. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 each). The experimental group received 8 ninety-minute sessions of positive thinking and prayer education. The instruments were Positive Thinking and Prayer Package (Mohammadi, 2014), Depression Questionnaire (Beck, 1988) and Anxiety Questionnaire (Beck, 1990). The data from the questionnaires were analyzed using ANCOVA. The results showed that positive thinking and prayer education decreased anxiety and depression. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Analyzing the Meaning of the Garden Carpet Found in Astan Quds Razavi based on Emil Male's Opinion
Sahel ErfanmaneshGarden carpets are a type of rug that gained popularity during the late Safavid period. One prominent example of this type is a carpet housed in the Astan Quds Museum. One notable feature of this carpet, which serves the function of Sajdah, is the inclusion of 'Sajdah' MoreGarden carpets are a type of rug that gained popularity during the late Safavid period. One prominent example of this type is a carpet housed in the Astan Quds Museum. One notable feature of this carpet, which serves the function of Sajdah, is the inclusion of 'Sajdah' written on the front of the altar. The motifs employed in these carpets, in addition to the mihrab and a zikr on the front of the mihrab, include flying birds and thirteen fish inside the mihrab. Given that animal designs are less common in prayer mats, the question arises: What is the relationship between these designs and the rug's function? The research method employed is descriptive-analytical, and the information is gathered through library research. To unravel the meaning of the rug according to its function, it becomes necessary to understand the icons and the concealed codes within them. Hence, the Iconography method developed by Emil Male has been employed to analyze the carpet. The research findings reveal that the carpet incorporates visual symbols of Iranian ascension and excellence along with verbal symbols of Islamic excellence. Consequently, the combination of visual and verbal elements creates a new narrative that underscores Islamic-Iranian excellence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The Commitment Of Molana Jalaledin to Sharia, spirituality and truth
Fatemeh heydari Maryam KiyaniSufism who often considers three categories of sharia, spirituality and truth as a single and indivisible concept believe that the sharia is beginning to enter the law and; they also count spirituality and truth without sharia as heterodoxy and atheism. Moreover, Sufism MoreSufism who often considers three categories of sharia, spirituality and truth as a single and indivisible concept believe that the sharia is beginning to enter the law and; they also count spirituality and truth without sharia as heterodoxy and atheism. Moreover, Sufism regards sharia as a guidance, piety and reliance on Allah, without which one cannot attain the spiritual goals. Molana Jalaledin Mohammad Balkhi is mystic of seventh century that likens the sharia to a candle without the light of which, it is impossible to conduct spirituality and get the truth. He insists in his writings about the discrepancies in these three categories and the obligatory of performance and observance of sharia principles, beliefs and transactions of sharia, spirituality and truth. The present paper aims to separate his comments in context of his belief and also have an overview on the tenets of sharia and favorite and their mean. Manuscript profile -
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27 - Prayer in Ibn al- 'Arabi's and Rumi's Perspectives
Mariam Mahmoodi Mahdieh Vali MohammadabadiPrayer is the most obvious problems in the field of the study of religion in Islamic mysticism has repeatedly emphasized the need for it.Their bondage Zhvrrfan turning point in man's relationship with God opened God desired to take a snapshot picture of neglect of his e MorePrayer is the most obvious problems in the field of the study of religion in Islamic mysticism has repeatedly emphasized the need for it.Their bondage Zhvrrfan turning point in man's relationship with God opened God desired to take a snapshot picture of neglect of his eternal Yadkhsran was followed for advocates .Lovers in a mirror reflection of life and the summit of mystical prayer pure allegedly heard enough Vhkayty is elegant and Namkrr . The mystics of Islam as a bridge prayer Vmlkvt of the material is specially fit for a large part of mystical artifacts left on prayer. So, the author of the study was to examine the Ibn Arabi thoughts and belief. She is the founder Irfan theoretical and wisely and Vrfany intelligence derived from a pure Islamic Education lovely arguments in prayer and compliance. You can also explore ideas and thoughts Maulana said that he prayed Vajabt problem with the word critic and its influence on the expression is interesting anecdotes. What is striking is that the footprint is often thought of Rumi's thoughts, beliefs Arabic Ibn clearly visible. It could be argued that the followers of Maulana Sufi Ibn Arabic and commentator, he has great ideas. Manuscript profile -
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28 - The Secrets of Prayer from Ibn Arabi’s and Ibn Tarke’s Perspective
Akram Akuchakian Mehdi Dehbashi Nadali AshuriThere are numerous published works remained from Arifs and sages regarding gradual correspondent for mysteries of praying and the differences between true and obligated pray. Those of most predominated belong to Saen -Al-Din Ibn Tarke and Muhyedin Ibn Arabi, two popular MoreThere are numerous published works remained from Arifs and sages regarding gradual correspondent for mysteries of praying and the differences between true and obligated pray. Those of most predominated belong to Saen -Al-Din Ibn Tarke and Muhyedin Ibn Arabi, two popular Arif in the world of Islam. Saen Al-Din Ibn Tarke’s related attitudes without mentioning the religious jurisprudence laws, assigned explaining the quantitative, declaratory, and verbal secret in features of Salat, the secret of obligated and recommended prayer times and expressing some of its secrets based on gematria by compiling an independent record with the same name. Ibn Arabi in sections 68 and 69 of Al-Futuhat Al-Makiyya despite his legal opinion, decreed and discussed about prayer secrets and purity respectively. It is in a way that others except some mists such as Sabzevari and Imam Khomaini compiled their records under the effect of his thoughts. They mentioned more details regarding religious orders in recommended and obligatory by accompanying with their secrets which his attitudes qualitatively and quantitatively were prioritized. This study is a library research accompanied with editing Manuscript (Asrar Al-Salat Disquisition written by Saen Al-Din Ibn Tarke) with a critical approach. This research aimed to briefly introduce the major points of both precious records and state the circumstance of practical mystical approach in response to the human’s natural needs of praying in the current era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Secret Heavenly Prayers in Alexander Pushkin's Poems
Marzieh Yahyapour Janolah Karimi Motahhar Maltseva Tatiana Vladimirovna Masoumeh MirzaieThe article first makes a brief reference to the origin of prayer that is influenced by individual and social beliefs, and then goes into the literary works and how they are expressed by Persian and Russian writers and poets. Prayer literary works are often influenced b MoreThe article first makes a brief reference to the origin of prayer that is influenced by individual and social beliefs, and then goes into the literary works and how they are expressed by Persian and Russian writers and poets. Prayer literary works are often influenced by the beliefs of writers and poets. There is a lot of information about prayer in ancient and contemporary literary texts. Prayer has many forms, and in prose and poetry literature, it often carries the message of theology and human connection with the divine realm, and in fact the writer and poet are left with a God. Many writers and poets from Iran and Russia have addressed this issue in their works, such as Rumi, Saadi, Hafez, Farabi, Attar, Pushkin, Lermontov, Bonin, and others. Some are based on the themes of the religious texts or under the influence of the wonders of the universe. Persian worship literature begins with the praise of God, such as Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, Sa'adi’s Golestan and Bustan and Attar's Poetry Divan. Various centuries of Russian literature have also seen works of worship in various forms. The present study deals with the case of the prayer in Alexander Pushkin's poetry, which is influenced by his religious beliefs. Prayer in Pushkin's poetry is in the form of literal praise or praise to God and seeking blessings. His prayers for God, his neighbor, are the duty of poet and poetry. The spiritual peak of Pushkin's poetry is the emergence of the "Divine Verb". He leaves the material world with art and with the help of religious anthropology and then moves on to the supernatural world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - An Analysis of Theosophical Prayers and Chants in Masnavi
Reyhaneh Faraji Ali Akbar Afrasiabpour Sourallah Norouzi Davudkhane Mohammad RahimiPrayers and supplications to God are one of the most spiritual moments in the life of every theologian and religious person. The prayers and supplications of Masnavi have special verbal actions that indicate their secondary meaning. The theory of "speech action" as one MorePrayers and supplications to God are one of the most spiritual moments in the life of every theologian and religious person. The prayers and supplications of Masnavi have special verbal actions that indicate their secondary meaning. The theory of "speech action" as one of the most important topics in discourse analysis in the field of linguistics was first proposed by Austin, and after him, Searle proposed a fivefold classification for it. The basis of Searle's theory of speech action is based on the fact that the roles of the verb and the following sentence in the process of discourse can be divided into five categories: expressive, emotional, persuasive, obligatory and declarative actions. In the present study, an attempt has been made to analyze the prayers and supplications of Masnavi based on the method of content analysis, and Searle's theory of speech actions. The results of this research show that each of Rumi's prayers and supplications has a specific speech action among Searle's five categories. The results show that "persuasive action" has higher frequency than the others and "declarative action" is not used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Reflection of Mystical Themes in Newly Found Zahir Kermani’s Masnavi (Couplet)
Pari Maalmali Ahmadreza Yalameh Parisa DavariZahir Kermani, the Shiite poet and literary man, lived in Kerman during the twelfth century AH. There are four works left by this poet: Masnavi, Golshan Zohour, Majmaul Bahrain, Vameghi and Ezra. His Masnavi was mistakenly mentioned at the introduction of Divan in handw MoreZahir Kermani, the Shiite poet and literary man, lived in Kerman during the twelfth century AH. There are four works left by this poet: Masnavi, Golshan Zohour, Majmaul Bahrain, Vameghi and Ezra. His Masnavi was mistakenly mentioned at the introduction of Divan in handwritten copies. It includes 8743 couplets. Most of his couplets form ethical and religious contents. The language is largely simple, fluent, and intelligible. Zahir primarily helps from wisdom to understand and comprehend mystical matters at the stage of recognition. He deems asceticism, hypocrisy, pretension, and sin as an obstacle over the course of sublimity and understanding of humankind, for which her recommends controlling one’s soul as a remover of the obstacle. He believes that realistic individuals refuse hypocrisy. In addition, asceticism is a weapon for controlling soul; and the purity and truthfulness of humankind versus repentance creates a shield against the evolution of human soul. Thereafter, for its evolution the soul goes on a spiritual journey through the wings of love beyond its wisdom. He is the representative of honesty and certainty so that he makes every effort to live in reality and gain the Almighty satisfaction. He is a personage that by means of asceticism assumes God to be watching over his actions even in his loneliness and veil, and when encountered with sensitive situations, he trembles and responds negatively so that this turning away holds a lot of consequences and results. He presumes repentance to be turning back from sin and compensation of wrongdoing. He believes that the one who walks the course of guidance will eventually arrive at destination whereas the one who picks out deviation or aberration will arrive at failure and disgrace. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Relationship between Prayer and Status of Satisfaction in Islamic Mysticism
Mohsen Mehrani Monirossadat PourtolamiPraying and expressing mystery and need with God are among the emphatic religious and mystical teachings. On the other hand, one of the mystical levels and authorities is the position of Reza, that is, the seeker must have complete satisfaction with the divine destiny a MorePraying and expressing mystery and need with God are among the emphatic religious and mystical teachings. On the other hand, one of the mystical levels and authorities is the position of Reza, that is, the seeker must have complete satisfaction with the divine destiny and be always satisfied with the satisfaction of the truth. The question is whether there is a contradiction between praying and the status of satisfaction. In this research, there are a few things that have been indicated on the necessity of prayer and supplication from the Holy Quran and the hadiths of the Infallibles (AS) and the words of the saints of God, and it has been stated that prayer is the brain of worship, prayer is the weapon of the believer and There are those who do not succeed in praying. The great Islamic mystics also say about Reza that the seeker should not be sad about what he lost and should not be happy about what he achieves, and he should be satisfied with the judgment of truth and be sure that God has the best destinies for him in mind. Has taken and all things are based on divine wisdom, so do not object to the divine judgment and be thankful. From the analysis of these two seemingly reciprocal matters based on the Qur'an and mysticism, it has been concluded that the seeker can start praying while he must be satisfied with the divine judgment. He considers praying as a divine command, a means of talking to God and his duty, and on the other hand, he is completely satisfied with everything that is intended for man in fate and destiny, and he likes whatever God has pleased for him. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Validation of Hadiths, Including Prayer,in Foqaha’s Point of View
Seyede roghieh Shahidi Heidar Hassanlou Mohammad hossein Saiini Farhad EdrisiFoqaha’s opinion about the Hadithes which include prayers can be classified into two categories: 1. Some of Hadithes including prayer should be validiated according to the rules of Fiqh and be confirmed like the other Hadiths. So some criteria have been presentedt MoreFoqaha’s opinion about the Hadithes which include prayers can be classified into two categories: 1. Some of Hadithes including prayer should be validiated according to the rules of Fiqh and be confirmed like the other Hadiths. So some criteria have been presentedto show the accurate or inaccurate Hadith.Therefore some Hadiths are aporcryphal or corrupted. 2. Hadiths which have the criterion of “man balaqah”.This type of Hadiths ignore the mentioned criteria and deficiency of the “Ravii”. This is called the rule of “Tasamoh” which means tolerance. Based on the Based on the rule of Tasamoh and Hadiths which are” man balaqah” if somebody knows the lack of Criterion of Halith, he should red it to the intention of becoming close to Allah (Qorb). The article intends to figure out the various aspects ofvalidiation of the Hadiths which contain prayers by Faqih’s poin of view. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - An overview of site-specific based models of weeds
rahman khakzad Rasoul Loghmanpour Zarini Yosef Ramezani Abokheyli Heydar Ghasemi Zarin AbadiSite-specific weed management (SSWM) is a strategy of varying weed management within a crop field to match the variation in location, density and composition of the weed population. This concept is based on three facts: 1) weed populations are often irregularly distribu MoreSite-specific weed management (SSWM) is a strategy of varying weed management within a crop field to match the variation in location, density and composition of the weed population. This concept is based on three facts: 1) weed populations are often irregularly distributed within crop fields, 2) new sensors and platforms together with geospatial technologies (e.g., GPS, GIS) have provided the tools required to detect and map weeds, and 3) new smart sprayers, robots and mechanical cultivators have provided the possibility of careful tailoring of weed management to fit the different conditions found in each field. Site-specific weed management has a real potential to deliver a more productive and sustainable agricultural production based on a more precise and resource-efficient approach. This paper reviews the major conceptual approaches and specifications for the design of site-specific weed management decision support systems (SSWM-DSS), recent advances in the use of remote and ground platforms and sensors for information gathering and processing, and initial experiences translating this information into chemical and physical weed control actuations through decision algorithms and models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - مقایسه روشهای مختلف آب شویی نمک های محلول از نیمرخ خاک های شور و سدیمی
زهرا بهبهانی زاده رضائیان ابراهیم پذیرا ابراهیم پناه پور نرگس ظهرابیرشد روز افزون جمعیت سبب بهره‏برداری بی‏رویه از منابع طبیعی و تخریب اراضی شده است. شور و سدیمی شدن اراضی از اثرات این تخریب می‏ باشد. آبشویی نمک ‏های محلول خاک از مناسب‏ ترین روش ‏های اصلاح خاک‏ های شور و سدیمی است. به همین منظور در این پژوهش، Moreرشد روز افزون جمعیت سبب بهره‏برداری بی‏رویه از منابع طبیعی و تخریب اراضی شده است. شور و سدیمی شدن اراضی از اثرات این تخریب می‏ باشد. آبشویی نمک ‏های محلول خاک از مناسب‏ ترین روش ‏های اصلاح خاک‏ های شور و سدیمی است. به همین منظور در این پژوهش، به بررسی روش ‏های مختلف برای آبشویی خاک‏ های شور و سدیمی منطقه ویس در استان خوزستان پرداخته شد. این منطقه به مساحت 6000 مترمربع در شمال شرقی شهر اهواز قرار دارد. بخش اعظمی از خاک این منطقه بافت رسی و سنگین دارد که در بیشتر آن‏ها مشکل شوری و سدیمی بودن وجود دارد. کانال ‏های مورد استفاده به منظور آبیاری منطقه مذکور از رودخانه کارون انشعاب گرفته شده است. این پژوهش با دو روش آبشویی غرقاب متناوب و پاششی در ستون‏هایی از جنس پلی اتیلن به قطر 15 سانتیمتر و ارتفاع یک متر خاک اجرا شد. عمق‏ های آب آبشویی کاربردی 25، 50 ، 75 و 100 سانتیمتر و لایه‏های خاک مورد بررسی 0-25، 25-50، 50-75 و 75-100 سانتیمتر بوده است. با استفاده از نتایج حاصل، نوعی مدل تجربی برای هر روش آبشویی تعیین گردید. نتیجه انتخاب بهترین مدل بر مبنای ضریب همبستگی بالاتر و خطای استاندارد کمتر، مدل نمایی در روش آبشویی غرقاب متناوب بود. بررسی نتایج نشان داد که، روش آبشویی متناوب به حجم آب کمتری برای اصلاح خاک های مورد مطالعه نیاز دارد، همچنین ضریب راندمان آبشویی بهتری را ارائه می ‏نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Prayer and trust in God's relationship with occupational stress among staff
مهرداد افشون بطول دارایی فتح آبادThe present study aims to investigate the relationship between prayer and trust in God with job stress. The sample consisted of all employees of an industrial organization in Ahvaz that 150 of them were selected through random sampling method. KlyhY job stress question MoreThe present study aims to investigate the relationship between prayer and trust in God with job stress. The sample consisted of all employees of an industrial organization in Ahvaz that 150 of them were selected through random sampling method. KlyhY job stress questionnaires the participants in the study, pray and trust in God were completed. Data using SPSS software version 21 were analyzed. The results showed that job stress is a negative relationship between prayer and trust in God and there is significant. The results of multiple regression stepwise method showed that between prayer and trust in God is multiple job stress and the variable 6/13% of the variance in the prediction of job stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Zikr (Prayer Recitation) in Ghaderiyeh’s Spiritual Doctrine
Naser Farniya Khalil Hadidi Ali DehghanZikr is the departure from the field of ignorance to the field of perception, which springs from either the dominance of fear or the excess of love. The truth about Zikr is that you must forget all MoreZikr is the departure from the field of ignorance to the field of perception, which springs from either the dominance of fear or the excess of love. The truth about Zikr is that you must forget all things except Mazkor (the one who you say prayer recitation for) and our intention of Zikr is the mental Zikr not the verbal one. The invocation of God is forgetting our humble beings through remembering the Almighty names that its continuance results in purifying the heart and forgetting God makes the heart strained. In this research, first, the author has included the definitions and kinds of Zikr and the feedback of famous mystics and great philosophers’ viewpoints in this area and then he has included the importance of Zikr in Ghaderiyeh’s doctrine and its customs and common Zikrs in this doctrine. Moreover, the author has finally attempted to analyze and deduce the above-mentioned matters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - On Politics in Islam: a non-state-based inquiry
Hamid Malekzadeh Maryam ShamsaeiIn this paper, we will attempt to establish, in a phenomenological study, an ontological relationship between the pre-contemplative lifestyles of a people and politics that make it possible to understand the concept of political ontology in conjunction with the fundamen MoreIn this paper, we will attempt to establish, in a phenomenological study, an ontological relationship between the pre-contemplative lifestyles of a people and politics that make it possible to understand the concept of political ontology in conjunction with the fundamental concept of lifestyle. In this framework, we will try to show how this neither the Islamic state, whether it is the prophet of the Prophet or the Imam of the innocent, or whether the Shi'a or Sunni cleric, but the Muslim soul, was in the way of life or form of It is a question of joining the world that represents the religion of Islam as a political entity. We will discuss the ways of joining the world and the specific system of physical control that make different political identities by studying prayer and its logical interactions. We will finally show how prayer, especially as a collective sanction, is a form of identity or political distinction. We will try to study the relationship between the concept of friendship, its Aristotelian meaning, and prayer-related politics. We will also show how prayer, like other religious practices, can be in the form of collective relations as a democratic basis for forming political identity, or as we see in the radical Democracy of Chantal Moff. We will try to turn the concept of prayer into the theoretical foundation for formulating the concept of a socially Muslim way in a political recitation of Islam. Manuscript profile -
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39 - The Role of Climate and Culture on the Formation of Courtyards in Mosques
Hossein Soltanzadeh -
Open Access Article
40 - The Effect of Carrier Water Temperature on Glyphosate Efficiency in Pure and Mixed With PC Gate Surfactant in Winter Weeds Control
Ali Asghar ChitbandOne of the important environmental factors for herbicides efficiency is carrier water temperature. To evaluation of Glyphosate (Roundup) with and without PC Gate surfactant on three weeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris L., Sinapis arvensis L. and Descurainia sophia L. contr MoreOne of the important environmental factors for herbicides efficiency is carrier water temperature. To evaluation of Glyphosate (Roundup) with and without PC Gate surfactant on three weeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris L., Sinapis arvensis L. and Descurainia sophia L. control, three experiments carried out with six doses of applied herbicide active ingredients (a.i.) at the outdoor greenhouse of Agricultural Faculty of Lorestan University, Iran, during 2021. The experiment was in factorial based on completely randomized design with five temperature treatments included 5, 20, 30, 45 and 55 ºC (in dose-response arrangements). The results showed that the dry weight of all three weeds Capsella bursa-pastoris L., Sinapis arvensis L. and Descurainia sophia L. were significant by different temperature and doses application of Glyphosate herbicide (P<0.01). The results showed that the application of temperature treatment and different doses of glyphosate herbicide on the dry weight of all three weeds of sachet, wild mustard and common sorrel were significant (P <0.01). According to EC10، EC50 and EC90 values, the best spray temperature solution was the temperature 30 and 45 ºC with no significant differnt to each other for achieving optimum efficacy of Glyphosate. The whole applied doses (the lowest and the highest) efficiency of Glyphosate were reduced in 5 ºC temperature. The temperatures of 20 and 55 ºC had an average effect on Glyphosate doses efficiency. All the EDs of different temperatures have been reduced using by PC Gate surfactant. Therefore, optimum efficacy of Glyphosate could be ranged at spray solution temperature of ≥ 20 and ≤ 45 ºC. The applied dose of 2050 g a.i ha-1 with PC Gate is also recommended as the best herbicide treatment to control winter weeds. Manuscript profile -
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41 - The Passenger Prayer in Quadruplet Holy Stead from the Imamiah Jurists' Viewpoints
Sedigheh mosadegh sedghi ashraf ghanbariIt is clear that one hasn't decision to stay in a place for ten days‚ his prayer is fraction (QhÄsr). But in this subject is exception for example praying in Quadruplet Holy stead (MÄkah‚ MÄdinah‚ MÄsjÑ—d KÅ«fah‚ HaÑ—r Hosein) ‚ that in this occasion was v MoreIt is clear that one hasn't decision to stay in a place for ten days‚ his prayer is fraction (QhÄsr). But in this subject is exception for example praying in Quadruplet Holy stead (MÄkah‚ MÄdinah‚ MÄsjÑ—d KÅ«fah‚ HaÑ—r Hosein) ‚ that in this occasion was very logical debating. Wherever the words of Shiite Jurists in this subject is diverse so were studied the ambiguous words in this article. Undauntedly the fountain of those differences in verdicts of jurists in those subjects is in the variation of deduction from stories & proofs. The verdicts of jurists were cleaved to three groups. Some of them were believed to fraction of prayer & the other group was believed to end of prayer & the tertiary group was believe to option & rather to end of prayer in those places. So the opinions of any groups were culled after the study visionary deeds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Precept of Friday Prayer from Feyz Kashani's Viewpoint
abdolkarim abdollahiThe present article analyzes Feyz Kashani's viewpoint about Friday Prayer. Our Prophet, Mohammad, is the first person who executed Friday Prayer. Its philosophy is to strengthen religious principles. Nowadays, it expresses necessary problems related to the Islamic socie MoreThe present article analyzes Feyz Kashani's viewpoint about Friday Prayer. Our Prophet, Mohammad, is the first person who executed Friday Prayer. Its philosophy is to strengthen religious principles. Nowadays, it expresses necessary problems related to the Islamic society too. This article explains Feyz Kashani's viewpoint completely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - The Practical Solution to Attract Youth toward Prayer (Case study: Students in Ardabil Province)
Iran Soleimani Mahrokh Allahyari -
Open Access Article
44 - Prayer in Sahifa Sajjadieh
Leila Moradi Seyed Mohammad AmiriConversation with an unseen force, which had long been of interest to the primitive man, became lawful with the Abrahamic religions and became a form of prayer. Prayer with God is one of the most valuable and important things in Islam, and has received a lot of attentio MoreConversation with an unseen force, which had long been of interest to the primitive man, became lawful with the Abrahamic religions and became a form of prayer. Prayer with God is one of the most valuable and important things in Islam, and has received a lot of attention in the texts related to the teachings of the Shari'a and the Sufi texts. One of the most important religious books in which, in addition to religious teachings, mystical and literary issues are discussed is the book of Sahifa Sajjadieh by Imam Sajjad (AS). This analytical-descriptive article examines the place of prayer in Sahifa Sajjadieh's book. The main axes of research are repentance, patience, gratitude, hope, holy fear, voluntary poverty, abnegation, dependence on God, love and unity of God. The results of the research show that Imam Sajjad (AS), who was full of feelings and emotions in the text of Sahifa Sajjadieh's book, paid more attention to approaches based on love and even considered love to be higher than kindness and believed that kindness is the prerequisite of attaining love. Imam (AS) also considers kindness to one’s self as the first stage of love, as the exact same prayers, functions, and supplications that exist in his prayers are realizations of love of self. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Searching for physical and mental health effects of prayer
Mohammad Reza Boroumand Habib Asgharpour akram esfahaninia Maryam Cheraghi ArdehaeiAbstractThe purpose of this research was to examine the physical and mental health effects of prayer, and available sources and religious texts were used to collect information. The first pillar of Islam is prayer and since the God does not oblige do something for no re MoreAbstractThe purpose of this research was to examine the physical and mental health effects of prayer, and available sources and religious texts were used to collect information. The first pillar of Islam is prayer and since the God does not oblige do something for no reason, so the reason why prayer is obligatory is specific material and spiritual benefits. Therefore, an attempt was made in the present text be explained the health benefits of prayer in terms of physical and mental health and be examined its different aspects. The current research was developmental and the method of data collection was library.The research findings showed that have an effective role the prayers and worship with it (Ablution, Ghusl, Tayammum, Adhan and congregational prayer) in physical and mental health and explain its benefits in educational programs and orientation classes causes more people tend to it and use its benefits.Keywords: Physical health, Mental health, Prayer, God Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Historical Developments of Shia Commentators and Narrators’ Viewpoints on the Validity of the Readings of Surah al-Hamd and Its Relation to the Theory of Tawātur
sayed Ali Sarsarabi Mohammad Mahdi Taqdisi Rahmat FarahzadiResearching about the validity of the readings may have some useful results in the field of Jurisprudential Inferences. In addition, this subject is very important in the true reading of surah Hamd in obligatory prayers, which has involved Muslims throughout the history MoreResearching about the validity of the readings may have some useful results in the field of Jurisprudential Inferences. In addition, this subject is very important in the true reading of surah Hamd in obligatory prayers, which has involved Muslims throughout the history. This paper is to analyze the views of Imamiyah jurisprudents and commentators historically on proving the validity of the readings for jurisprudential inference in one hand, and the permission to read them in prayer on the other hand. Shia has followed the guidance of Imams (AS) on the basis of revealing the Quran in one letter (ḥarf) and rejected the multiplicity of the readings. The uncertainty caused by the variant readings of the Qur'an and the occultation of the infallible Imam (AS), made it necessary to prove the validity in cases of conflict of readings. Thus, referring to tawātur to prove the authority of the readings, at least from the fifth century, has divided the scholars into two groups of pros and cons. The present study, based on the available details, discusses the tawātur and follow-up of the use of different readings by proponents of tawātur and dissidents who have found another way except tawātur to prove the validity of the readings or have denied the validity of the readings basically, has presented the results of discussion in jurisprudential inference and the permission to read the readings in prayer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Analysis the Reflection of Background Conditions in Compiling Shia Narrative Interpretations; A Case Study of Friday Prayer Problem
mahdi pichan NOSRAT Nilsaz forugh parsaIn a superficial view, it seems that the commentators in the narrative interpretations, without any struggling effort, have only collected narrations related to the words and expressions of the verses. Contrary to this idea, the evidence shows that the authors of narrat MoreIn a superficial view, it seems that the commentators in the narrative interpretations, without any struggling effort, have only collected narrations related to the words and expressions of the verses. Contrary to this idea, the evidence shows that the authors of narrative interpretations, like other commentators, have been influenced by the background conditions in order to discover the meaning of the verses and have started to select and arrange the narrations. What specifically distinguishes these interpretations in the issue of Friday prayer is the consideration of the conditions for the obligation of Friday prayer in the later interpretations of Ṣāfi and Nūr al-Thaqlain; this is not seen in the previous interpretations of critical argument. The reason for this difference in approach can be evaluated considering the simultaneity of the writing of later narrative commentaries with the emergence of the Safavid Shiite government. Belonging to Bahrani's interest in expressing the esoteric and ta’wīl aspects of the verses and Huwyzi's greater interest than Bahrāni and Fayz in planning jurisprudential debates in accordance with the verses are other factors influencing this distinction. Also, Sufi characteristics of Fayz's personality has caused him to not look at this issue solely from the point of view of a jurisprudential issue, which his statements in Zād al-Sālik's treatise and Olfat-Nāmeh are proof of this. Manuscript profile -
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48 - The Stages of Prayer from the Viewpoint of Seyed Haidar Āmoli and its Comparison with the Hadiths of Ahl al-Bayt (as)
akram aqdasi ROGHAYE ABDIEsoteric approaches and methods of deep concern for the sacred texts and religious pillars of religion are the characteristics of mystical thinking, which of course never means neglecting the appearances of religion and Sharia and violating the rules of Sharia. This cla MoreEsoteric approaches and methods of deep concern for the sacred texts and religious pillars of religion are the characteristics of mystical thinking, which of course never means neglecting the appearances of religion and Sharia and violating the rules of Sharia. This claim can be seen in the examination of the theories and teachings of mystics in all areas of religious pillars of Islam. In the correct mystical teachings, along with the explanation of the Tarīqat and the truth, it is clearly evident to preserve the appearances of the Sharia. A subject that has a special place in the history and traditions of Ahl al-Bayt (as). He pays attention to maintaining the level of worship and leads all the worshipers to walk in the heart of religion according to their condition. This research, with a library method and a narrative-analytical approach, has investigated the prayer and its correspondence from the point of view of Seyed Haidar Āmoli and Ahl al-Bayt (as). The results of the investigations show that he, as a trained school of pure Islam, has presented a recitation that is completely in line with the teachings of Ahl al-Bayt (as). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Elements of Iran’s Regional Policy during Reconstruction Period with Emphasis on Friday Prayers Sermons
Hossein Masoudnia Davood NajafiThe reconstruction peroid is one of the important periods in the history of the Islamic Republlic of Iran. In this period، the framers of Iran’s foreing policy by adopting a pragmatice approach while adhering to revolutionary idealism had a constructive interactio MoreThe reconstruction peroid is one of the important periods in the history of the Islamic Republlic of Iran. In this period، the framers of Iran’s foreing policy by adopting a pragmatice approach while adhering to revolutionary idealism had a constructive interaction with outside world. The adoption of this policy was for this reason that the public opinion which was under the influence of post-war conditions were not prepared to accept changes like the restoration of diplomatic relations with Saudi Arabia. Therefore، there was a need to prepare the public opinion to accept these changes. Taking into consideration the above circumstances، what were the foreign policy changes during the reconstructin period and how Hashemi Rafsanjani as the then president made use of Friday prayers sermons to prepare the public opinion to accept these changes. The present article by a descriptive analytical method wants to examine the above issue. The finding of the study shows that the foreign policy of Iran underwent a fundamental change and Hashemi Rafsanjani made use of the Friday prayer tribune to prepare the public opinion for the above changes Manuscript profile -
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50 - A Stylistic Analysis of Fervent Prayer of Khmas Ashar: The Symbol of Perfect Connection between the Worshipper and the Worshipped
hossen Cheraghivash eftekhar lotfiOne of most effective way of disseminating eminent knowledge, culture and ethics of humanity is through prayers and prayer texts. Prayer and holy communication are kind of lovely resorting to the beloved and connection of little and weak being to the existing infinitely MoreOne of most effective way of disseminating eminent knowledge, culture and ethics of humanity is through prayers and prayer texts. Prayer and holy communication are kind of lovely resorting to the beloved and connection of little and weak being to the existing infinitely big and strong. From pure reed of selected people of God, prayers come out containing knowledge and realities that are accompanied by sadness, excitement and sweet music. One of these prayers is “khaefin Almanghoul” by Imam Sajad which is reflection of fearful qualities of God. The present study tries to in a descriptive-analytical way, analyzes “khaefin” prayer under the framework of structural stylistics based on classification of the “Balaghat alkhetab” book and “Elmo Nasl by Salah Fazl”, in three levels of vocal, syntactic, expressive and degree of connection of these three levels with each other. A stylistic analysis of prayers illustrate all triple structures of the text with acceptance of connection supremacy from disconnection and connection binary in amazing joint are formed next to each other and with creating single and harmonious structure are moving across central axis of prayer (communication with God). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Listen to the Nice Melody of the World Constituents (The Ascetic Analysis of Prayer from Molavi viewpoint)
atamohammad RadmaneshPrayeristhe foundation of religion and the nearest way to approach Allah. Saying prayers with great attention results in the achievement of treasures of secret and divine realities and consequently to the everlasting beloved. Prayer is the best and the most effective de MorePrayeristhe foundation of religion and the nearest way to approach Allah. Saying prayers with great attention results in the achievement of treasures of secret and divine realities and consequently to the everlasting beloved. Prayer is the best and the most effective device to fight against Satan and its deceits. It is the predictor of man and causes him to be relieved from the jaws of the devil of self. It renews the first servitude contract between man and his God. This percept that Prophet Mohammad has called it his “eye sight”- has such a position that saying even two units of it is superior to the entire world and its preferences and leaving it results in the destruction of religion. Molavi, who is one of the most famous eloquent Gnostic speakers, considers an external and an internal appearance for prayers that the person who says the prayers, depending on his own capabilities and the extent he understands its reality can achieve the goal of prayer and approach Allah. He considers the prayer said with love to be superior to the prayer said with asceticism, because while ascetic approaches his beloved very slowly and with his physical foot. The Gnostic man paves this way through love wings and gets closer and closer to his beloved. He considers cleaning the self from preventive thoughts and the idols of carnal desires as a necessity for passing exaltation way, and based on holy verses, he believes that not only human beings and angels, but also animals, plants, and things all praise Allah, however, one need to possess heart ears to be able to hear such a nice melody. This research has investigated the ascetic appearance of prayer in the poems of Molavi based on Masnavi and according to verses of holy Quran, and honorable traditions. Moreover, the speech of ascetic people and especially those of the followers of Molavi have been referred to. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Principles, methods and obstacles of prayer from the perspective of the Qur'an
Sediqah MirshamsiPrayer is a door of God's vast mercy that God has opened to His servants. No one can close the door he opens. Prayer is a loving relationship with God, and it is a reciprocal relationship, in that God Almighty is both the initiator and the one who encourages and guarant MorePrayer is a door of God's vast mercy that God has opened to His servants. No one can close the door he opens. Prayer is a loving relationship with God, and it is a reciprocal relationship, in that God Almighty is both the initiator and the one who encourages and guarantees its fulfillment. He himself has commanded and encouraged prayer and has undertaken to answer it unconditionally. Praying is a form of worship, and avoiding it is arrogance and arrogance before the Lord of the universe. The spirit of prayer, worship and devotion, and the condition for its realization, is sincerity. Another important condition for the fulfillment of prayer is the feeling of need and humiliation in the presence of the needless, and one of the important areas for answering prayer is asking for forgiveness, enumerating blessings, giving thanks, trusting and entrusting the result to oneself. One of the effective factors in answering prayers is insisting on praying, waiting for answers and praying in any case, whether in trouble or in comfort. Prayer is the line between God and man. Prayer purifies the inner man. When we pray, that is, we are chosen, then we receive an answer; At the same time, when man is in trouble, he finds God. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - The Taboo-Breaking in the Ancillaries of the Faith; A Study Based on the Persian Mystical Texts till 8th A.H. Century: A Case Study: Prayer and Fasting
Rezā Amini Siyāvash Haghjou Masood Ruhāni Hossein Hassanpour ĀlāshtyAn in-depth look at mystical texts reveals that besides the mystic's obedient relationship with the Truth, there is another kind of relationship in which the mystic's words and deeds ignore the sacred religious law; the existence of these two types of relationships toge MoreAn in-depth look at mystical texts reveals that besides the mystic's obedient relationship with the Truth, there is another kind of relationship in which the mystic's words and deeds ignore the sacred religious law; the existence of these two types of relationships together is worth considering. The present article, by using analytical-descriptive method, attempts to first express the forms of taboo-breaking in prayer and fasting, then seeks to prove the connection between these taboos-breaking with the two processes of correcting "self" and "other"; priority is given to "self-correction or self-discipline," which ultimately leads to "the correction of the other or society". The results of this study show that despite the mystics' adherence to the Sharia, breaking Islamic laws confuses the audience, but this removes man/woman from the level of habit and negligence and leads to knowledge and moral cultivation; the mystics' writings about the hidden secrets and the passage from the outward to the inward refer to this matter. Therefore, the method of these great men not only is not harmful to society, but also, it provides moral principles that raise man and society to a level in which worship is a form of morality and morality is a form of worship; and this process leads to external and internal discipline. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - The effects of praying motives on students attitudes toward performing btheir prayers
Changiz Rahimi Razieh NasirzadeIn order to investigate the effects of praying motives on Shiraz U - item questionnaire developed by the researcher. Results showed that those who pray for religious or psychological MoreIn order to investigate the effects of praying motives on Shiraz U - item questionnaire developed by the researcher. Results showed that those who pray for religious or psychological reasons had significantly more positive attitudes towards praying than those who pray as a habit. Also those who pray as a habit are significantly less familiar with principles of prayer than the other groups. The participants’ perception of the mass prayer’s leader and their attitudes toward other people’s familiarity with the principles of prayer were not statistically significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Review of Legitimizing Rituals and Symbols at the IRIB Programs Focusing on Religious Practices
Mojtaba Maqhsoodi Jafar AlipourAbstract Symbol, myth and ritual, the Systems of values that if the political system as the tools to exercise power or control or order and social solidarity and integration used, can be carriers for this purpose well because Instead the people have beliefs and convi MoreAbstract Symbol, myth and ritual, the Systems of values that if the political system as the tools to exercise power or control or order and social solidarity and integration used, can be carriers for this purpose well because Instead the people have beliefs and convictions. This paper will answer the question that symbols and rituals used in radio and television programs, how to increase the legitimacy of the ruling political system is? Research related to this article is descriptive and theoretical studies related to the "legitimacy" and "symbol and religion" has been developed. The results showed that the national media, using tools such as symbols and procedures acceptable to the community is trying to intentionally increase the legitimacy of Alma and the system provided the system and connect people to people and leaders to strengthen the system and the role create a major field of authority to accept government has had with people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - شبیه سازی و کنترل ارتعاشات چرخشی تیرک سمپاش با یک مدل سیستم تعلیق جدید
رضا ابراهیمی مصطفی غیورسمپاش­ها وسایل مهمی در کشاورزی هستند که معمولاً به وسیله تراکتور در مزرعه حرکت داده می­شوند. سمپاش­ها باید در شرایط مختلفی که در مزرعه با آن مواجه می­شوند، نرخ ثابتی از مواد شیمیایی را توزیع کنند. ارتعاشات ناخواسته تیرک سمپاش، باعث کاهش عمر آن و توزیع غی Moreسمپاش­ها وسایل مهمی در کشاورزی هستند که معمولاً به وسیله تراکتور در مزرعه حرکت داده می­شوند. سمپاش­ها باید در شرایط مختلفی که در مزرعه با آن مواجه می­شوند، نرخ ثابتی از مواد شیمیایی را توزیع کنند. ارتعاشات ناخواسته تیرک سمپاش، باعث کاهش عمر آن و توزیع غیر یکنواخت مواد شیمیایی پاشیده شده در زمین می­شود. بنابراین در این مطالعه، یک مدل سیستم تعلیق برای ارتعاشات چرخشی تیرک سمپاش با استفاده از المان­های فنر و میراگر افقی و قائم ارائه شده است. سپس فضای حالت سیستم دینامیکی استخراج شده است. در این فضای حالت، چرخش مطلق قاب متصل شده به تراکتور حول محور افقی (غلت طولی تراکتور) ورودی است و چرخش مطلق تیرک سمپاش حول محور افقی خروجی است. همچنین ماتریس بهره بهینه برای فضای حالت سیستم، با استفاده از تنظیم کننده خطی مرتبه دوم (LQR) طراحی گردیده است. نهایتاً پاسخ تیرک سمپاش به ورودی­های ضربه، پله، شیب و نویز سفید محاسبه و با پاسخ ضربه، پله، شیب و نویز سفید سیستم بدون کنترلر مقایسه شده است. نتایج نشان می­دهد که کنترلر طراحی شده به طور قابل ملاحظه­ای ارتعاشات چرخشی تیرک سمپاش را کاهش داده و عملکرد سمپاش را بهبود می­بخشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - The teaching of monotheism in the Arafa prayer of Imam Hossein
abbas izadpanah seyed alireza fatemianpourSeeking God is one of the natural human desires that throughout history, humans have always shown this natural desire. Imam Baqera says: Their destiny is for knowledge. In this article, the title "The teaching of monotheism in the Arafa prayer of Imam Hossein" is explai MoreSeeking God is one of the natural human desires that throughout history, humans have always shown this natural desire. Imam Baqera says: Their destiny is for knowledge. In this article, the title "The teaching of monotheism in the Arafa prayer of Imam Hossein" is explained. Prayer is a drop from the boundless sea of divine knowledge that has flowed from the mouth of God's saints. When a person refers to the prayers of Imams Athar (PBUH), he sees himself next to a boundless ocean, and through the Arafa prayer, it is full of pure divine mysticism that we are looking for in this article. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of gathering information in the form of documents What is inferred as the result of considering monotheism in the prayer of Arafa is hidden in this phrase of Imam Hussain, peace be upon him, in the prayer of Arafa: "For God is jealous, and nothing is just, and nothing is like an object" because there is nothing like God, hence, the relationship of man with Other things should not be like his relationship with God. The oneness of God requires that the relations of the creatures with him should also be oneness. The meaning of devotional monotheism appears better here that a person is only obedient to God and bows before him. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Pray and Economic Health
GH.hossein HeydariTafreshi Soheil DadfarWhatever is in the skies and on the earth are worshiping Allah who is the knowledgeable, powerful, and pure king (Jome Sura, Verse one). Among all worshipers of Allah, how is it possible for human being, who is the best creature of all, to remain indifferent?  MoreWhatever is in the skies and on the earth are worshiping Allah who is the knowledgeable, powerful, and pure king (Jome Sura, Verse one). Among all worshipers of Allah, how is it possible for human being, who is the best creature of all, to remain indifferent? The purpose of the study is to investigate human being’s need to say his prayers and the effect of prayers on economic health. In the first step, the key words of prayers, health, economics, and economic health are discussed. Then, the beautiful aspect of saying prayers, i.e., the spirit of fighting against evil deeds, and avoiding forbidden actions, are investigated by studying Holy Quran and Sacred figures’ words. According to Islamic teaching, is wealth and property something positive or negative? This is discussed in the study. The other point is unlawful or Haram revenues, and occupations according to Islamic values. Manuscript profile
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