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Open Access Article
1 - Determination the effective factors on the participation rate of exploiters in the implementation of rangeland management projects in Kojour, Nowshahr city
Jalal Mahmoudi Abbas Mahmoudi شعبانعلی غلامیThis study was aimed to determine the impact of social and economical factors on the participation rate of ranchers in rangeland management projects of Kojour in Nowshahr city. The research method was a survey-field study. The statistical population of the study include MoreThis study was aimed to determine the impact of social and economical factors on the participation rate of ranchers in rangeland management projects of Kojour in Nowshahr city. The research method was a survey-field study. The statistical population of the study included 54 ranchers in the pastures of Hamze Chal, Leman Sofla and Olia of Kojour, and the sample size was determined for 45 individuals based on Cochran formula and 28 of them collaborated in the research. Samples were selected by a simple random sampling method and the essential information was collected through a questionnaire. Data analysis was done by SPSSv19 using Pearson and Spearman's correlation coefficient, Spearman, and multivariate regression. The results of the research showed that the rate of participation in rangeland projects was high, but no significant correlation was observed between the age of respondents and the level of their education with the rate of participation in rangeland projects. Besides, there is a significant and positive correlation between the rate of income and the rate of participation in rangeland projects with a probability of more than 95% and there was a significant relationship between the level of trust in government promises and participation in rangeland projects. Regression analysis indicated that the variable of knowledge in rangeland management projects had a greater contribution in predicting the participation rate in rangeland management projects compared to other variables. Also, holding training-extension classes led to an increase in the motivation of participation and also raising problems and issues by experts and managers for rangeland projects caused to reduce the rate of participation in rangeland projects. According to the results of this study, increasing the awareness of ranchers, increasing the level of trust to the government, reducing problems, and increasing the income of ranchers can be suggested as a solution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Identifying the consequences and preconditions of ranger farmers' participation in the implementation of rangeland plans in Guilan province
Mahnaz Mirakhorli Seyed Akbar Javadi Hossein ArzaniManagement The last decade of the twentieth century has come to an end while human society has been heavily involved in environmental problems and its dangers. One of the most important environmental challenges of the last two decades is the loss of the country's rangel MoreManagement The last decade of the twentieth century has come to an end while human society has been heavily involved in environmental problems and its dangers. One of the most important environmental challenges of the last two decades is the loss of the country's rangelands. Rangelands are important because they constitute an important part of renewable resources and still depend on the lives of a significant number of humans and animals. The statistical population of this study is rangeland owners in Guilan province. The total number of rangelands in Guilan province that have rangeland management plans is equal to 6 rangelands. The sample is equal to 5 rangeland owners. The data collection tool in this research is a questionnaire and to test the research hypotheses, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach have been used. The result of the research indicates the positive and significant effect of economic, social, psychological, attitudinal and educational factors on the participation of rangeland owners in the implementation of rangeland management projects. Also, the effect of ranchers 'participation in the implementation of rangeland management projects on rangeland health, increasing livestock production and farmers' satisfaction was positive and significant. Livestock and rangeland balance is one of the most important factors in the destruction of rangelands in Guilan, and until this issue is resolved, all efforts and measures to manage, improve and rehabilitate rangelands are useless or very ineffective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Comparison of artificial neural network and multivariate linear regression (MLR) models to predict cover percentage Artemisia aucheri from some soil properties
Mansoreh Kargar Zeynab JafarianSoil ecosystems management for different purposes requires accurate and quantitative understanding of the soil characteristics and their processes. This study was aimed to predict Artemisia aucheri cover though some soil physical and chemical properties in Vavsar rangel MoreSoil ecosystems management for different purposes requires accurate and quantitative understanding of the soil characteristics and their processes. This study was aimed to predict Artemisia aucheri cover though some soil physical and chemical properties in Vavsar rangeland, Kiasar, Mazandaran province. Random systematic sampling was used. Five transects with 100 m length and 10 plots 4 m2 on each transect were established. Then cover (%) of A. aucheri and 50 soil sample from 0-15 cm depth was estimated in each plot. Soil properties including soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, EC, water percentage, CaCo3 percentage, soil texture, and pH were measured. Data were divided in two series: a series for analysis including 70% of the data for and 30% for evaluation of customized models. Result showed that soil water, silt and sand percentages were the most important soil properties for prediction A. aucheri cover in the study area. Prediction of the statistical models in the study area resulted in mean error and root mean square error values of 0.25, 0.06 for ANN equation and 0.43, 0.12 for MLR, respectively. Therefore, the ANN model could provide superior predictive performance when was compared with MLR model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Spatial distribution mapping of common yarrow (Achilla millefolium and thyme (Thymus kotschianus) using artificial neural network (Case study: Donna rangelands, Mazandaran province)
Zeinab Bahrein Zeinab Jafarian Maryam ShokriBackground and Objective:The purpose of this study was to map the spatial distribution of common yarrow(Achilla millefolium)and thyme (Thymus kotschianus) using artificial neural network model in rangelands Donna, Mazandaran Province. Method:Sampling was carried out wi MoreBackground and Objective:The purpose of this study was to map the spatial distribution of common yarrow(Achilla millefolium)and thyme (Thymus kotschianus) using artificial neural network model in rangelands Donna, Mazandaran Province. Method:Sampling was carried out with equal random classification in 29 homogenous units. In each unit, 3 soil samples were harvested from depth of 0-30 cm. In this study, 20 environmental factors were the independent variables and the presence of plant species were the dependent variable. For the preparation spatial distribution map of the species, environmental data were converted to maps in GIS. Then each of these factors was classified using the frequency. In this research, network Multilayer Perceptron that is the most common feed forward neural network was used. Optimal structure for the network was determined 1, 20, and 20. Then distribution maps of studied species were prepared with 4 class absence and low presence, medium presence and high presence in the GIS software. Models were evaluated using ROC curves and Kappa coefficient. Findings:AUC were 96.8 and 84.7 for the species Achilla millefolium and Thymus kotschianus was, respectively that indicates models are excellent or very good for the prediction. Discussion and Conclusion: Also kappa coefficient were calculated as 89.0 and 76.0 for Achilla millefolium and Thymus kotschyanus, respectively which indicate very good and good prediction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Producing Rangeland Capability Map Using Multi Criteria Evaluation Methods in Different Risk and Trade-off Levels (Case study: Plasjan Sub-Basin)
Vahid Rahdari Alireza Soffianian Saeid Pormanafi Hamid Ghayomi Mohammadi Saeideh MalekiBackground and objective: Rangelands are important ecosystems with diverse functions in the land that are at risk of destruction. The purpose of this research is to evaluate and determine the areas with potential to carry out rangeland activities under the Plasjan wat MoreBackground and objective: Rangelands are important ecosystems with diverse functions in the land that are at risk of destruction. The purpose of this research is to evaluate and determine the areas with potential to carry out rangeland activities under the Plasjan watershed. Material and methods: By reviewing the sources and by Delphi method, the criteria, sub-criteria and limitations of the study were determined. The weights of the criteria were calculated by hierarchical analysis (AHP) method and the layer maps were standardized using fuzzy proportional functions. The rangeland rangeability of the area was determined using multi-criteria assessment (MCE) and with weighted linear combination (WLC) models and weighted sorted averaging (OWA) with medium risk and compensatory capability. Findings: Rangeland capability maps were produced in 6 classes from without range capability to with very high range capability classes. Results have shown in the WLC model, 69249 and in OWA model, 54589 hectares were related to very high capability class. Sparse rangeland in WLC and OWA models, repeatedly with 22981 and 19187 hectares had highest portion in range land capability maps. Discussion and conclusions: Results of this study have shown in WLC model due to high rate of trade-off in comparison of designed OWA model, wider area considers in high and very high range capability class that is related to major area functions that are water reservation and Animal husbandry. This study has shown importance of vegetation characters, land shape and soil character for determining rangeland capability of an area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Variation of Plant Functional Groups in Relation to Fire in Semi-Steppe Rangelands of Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari Province
Elham Banihashemi Ali asghar NaghipourBackground and Objective: Understanding of how plants respond to a fire is essential to predict the characteristics and distribution of many ecosystems. This research is aimed at identifying, classifying and analyzing plant functional traits that can be used as a means MoreBackground and Objective: Understanding of how plants respond to a fire is essential to predict the characteristics and distribution of many ecosystems. This research is aimed at identifying, classifying and analyzing plant functional traits that can be used as a means for determining changes in plant communities through the fire at various time intervals. Method: The present study was conducted in the Karsanak region in Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province. Six sites with one and five years after the last fire were selected. A stratified random sampling was used. In each plot, after identifying the existing species, the percentage of the cover of each species was estimated and the plant characteristics were measured. Findings: The results showed that vegetative traits such as plant height, production, SLA leaf area index, leaf area and leaf dry weight, composition of Gramineae species, herbaceous plants and shrub, the percentage of plants with class of II and III palatability, percentage of species composition with form of Hemicryptophyte and chamaephyte had a significant difference in fire and control areas. According to Principal Component Analysis, the most effective of trait were SLA leaf area index, palatability of class II, the leaf length, Hemicryptophytes, forbs and long of the leaf which had a direct relationship with five-year fire and one year fire. Discussion and Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that plant traits play an important role in determining the response of plant species to environmental disturbances and hence can influence the process of the post-fire rangeland secondary sequence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Studying the Effects of Rangeland Conversion to Agricultural on the Chemical and Physical Soil Properties (Case study: Gonbad Area, Hamadan Province)
Davoud Akhzari Sajjad AhmadiBackground and Objective: Destruction of land due to land use change in arid and semi-arid areas has endangered sustainable land use. This research was carried out to investigate the effect of rangeland use change to agriculture and study the physical-chemical propertie MoreBackground and Objective: Destruction of land due to land use change in arid and semi-arid areas has endangered sustainable land use. This research was carried out to investigate the effect of rangeland use change to agriculture and study the physical-chemical properties of soil in Gonbad area of Hamedan province. Method: In this study, 6 soil samples were prepared from soil surface according to the type of land use change. After removing soil samples and preparing samples, some physicochemical properties of soil including Acidity, Electrical Conductivity, Silt, Clay, Gravel, Nitrogen, Potassium, Sodium, Organic Matter, Calcium and Magnesium were measured. In this research, Soil Texture was determined by hydrometric boiling, Acidity and Electrical Conductivity, using pH meter and EC meter, Organic Oatter using Walkley-Black, Calcium and Magnesium by titration, Sodium and Potassium using flame photometer and Nitrogen were measured by Kjeldahl method. Findings: After analyzing, it was determined that the change in the use of rangeland to agriculture caused a significant decrease in Acidity and Potassium at 5% and Organic Matter at 1% level. Average Nitrogen content in agricultural was 0.18% and in rangeland was 0.9% (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in Soil Texture components, Electrical Conductivity, Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium with land use change. The amounts of Silt, Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium in rangelands were more than agriculture area. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the land use change causes changes in the chemical and physical properties of the soil. One of the most important changes was soil texture alteration caused by selective soil erosion.The results of this research showed the necessity of paying more attention to the development of land management and land use planning programs according to the capabilities of the studied area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Effect of Different Grazing Intensities on Diversity and Plants Cover Composition in Semi-Arid Grazing (Case study: Mohammad Abad, Jiroft)
Ehsan Kamali Maskooni Adeli Behzad Iraj AmiriBackground and Objective: It is necessary to be aware of the destructive factors in the ecosystem. These factors cause shelter and biomass destruction, thus decreasing species diversity. Livestock over grazing is one of the most physical destructive pressures on rangela MoreBackground and Objective: It is necessary to be aware of the destructive factors in the ecosystem. These factors cause shelter and biomass destruction, thus decreasing species diversity. Livestock over grazing is one of the most physical destructive pressures on rangeland that leads to a decrease in diversity and vegetation elements. The aim of this study has been conducted to investigate the effect of different grazing intensities on the diversity and richness of plant species in the semi-arid rangelands of Mohammad Abad area of Jiroft, Kerman Province, Iran. Method: We selected 3 sites that included light, moderate and heavy grazing intensities. Sampling was performed using 90 plots (2 m2) along 18 transects. The list of specie, canopy coverage and number of individuals per species were recorded for each sampling unit. To evaluate diversity and richness of the plant species, Margalef and Menhing richness indices, and Simpson, Shannon, Hill N0 and Hill N1 diversity indices were calculated. SPSS software was applied for data analysis. Comparison of different indices of diversity and richness among study sites was performed by the Tukey test. Findings: The results of Margalef richness index showed significant differences between all grazing sites. No significant difference existed in the Menhing richness index of different grazing categories (p<0.01). Results of calculations of diversity indices for Simpson, Shannon, Hill N0 and Hill N1 showed that there were significant difference (p<0.01) between all grazing sites. Discussion and Conclusion: Generally, diversity and species richness indices due to low rainfall and placement in the semi-arid region are relatively low in the case study. Therefore, because of the sensitive and fragile nature of these types of rangelands in the operation, we should pay more attention to prevent further destruction and amended the composition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Effects of Rangeland Exclosure on Chemical and Organic Properties of Soil (Case study: Gonbad Area)
Abbas Ghobadi Davoud AkhzariBackground and Objective: Grazing as one of ecological disturbances causes changes in soil characteristics of rangelands. This study was carried out to study the effect of Grazed pasture on plant cover, microbial deposits and some soil characteristics of Gonbad in Hamed MoreBackground and Objective: Grazing as one of ecological disturbances causes changes in soil characteristics of rangelands. This study was carried out to study the effect of Grazed pasture on plant cover, microbial deposits and some soil characteristics of Gonbad in Hamedan. Method: Five transects of 1000 meters were considered separately for soil characteristics in each region (grazed and ungrazed). Systematic sampling of soil was performed every 100 meters in May 2016. The elements of Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and Zn were measured by atomic absorption spectrometer, acidity with pH meter, bulk density from clavicle method, total nitrogen from Kjeldahl method, organic carbon and soil organic matter by the oxidation method of Walkybak and Zeitous Carbon microbial was calculated by quenching-extraction method. Findings: After analyzing, it was determined that the concentrations of K and Zn in the soil of the sample area and the concentration of Mg in the soil of the control area increased significantly at 5% level. Soil acidity in the control area increased from 7/1 in the sample area to 7/23. Soil moisture content decreased significantly in the control area and from 27.11% in the sample area reached 18.12%. Soil bulk density in the control area was 1.16 g / cm3, which decreased significantly in the sample area and reached 0.98 g / g / cm3. The carbon microbial biomass was significantly differed in the soil of grazed and control areas. The comparison of the mean microbial carbon content in studied rangelands showed that this parameter ranged from 0.83 g / kg in the control area (grazed) to 0.95 g / kg and increased significantly. Discussion and Conclusions: The exclosure area has been enclosed with exclosure, soil characteristics in the path of sequencing and achieving ideal conditions, but it still needs attention and continued conservation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Phenology of Ferula Ovinia and Poa Bulbosa Species and Time of Livestock Entry to and Exit from Rangeland in Goorab of Isfahan Province
maryam gholami mostafa saeedfarBackground and Objective: Phenological study is one of the important factors in optimal management of vegetation utilization. Ferula ovinia and Poa bulbosa are valuable rangeland species regarding to forage production and controlling soil erosion.In this research, an ap MoreBackground and Objective: Phenological study is one of the important factors in optimal management of vegetation utilization. Ferula ovinia and Poa bulbosa are valuable rangeland species regarding to forage production and controlling soil erosion.In this research, an appropriate time for livestock entering to and exiting from the Goorab rangeland in 35th kilometers west of Fereydoun Shahr city, was carried out during four years (2014-2017). Method: In this research, ten plant bases were selected and information about the phonological stages for each base in the 7-day period during the growth phase and 15 days in the reproductive phase were measured and recorded at the special form. At the same time, meteorological statistics were collected from meteorological station adjacent the project site. Findings: Growing of the Ferula ovinia was started in mid-March, and continued until early-June. Flowering stems was started in late May and continued until mid-June. Seeds formations were begun in early-June and completed in late July. Growing of the Poa bulbosa was started in mid-March, and continued until early-June. Flowering stems was started in late May and continued until early-June. Seeds formations were begun in early-June and until the end of in late June. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that according to the species behavior in the occurrence of biological phenomena in the different years of study, the best entrance and departure time should be specified based on physiologic phenomena in the specie of Poa bulbosa which the best time can be late May and mid-May. The time of departure of the livestock could also be continued till ‏mid-September due to the existence of dried Ferula ovina which is used by livestock in the summer if the number of livestock has been observed based on livestock capacity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Forecasting the current and future range of Bromus tomentellus Boiss species under two climate warning models (Rcp4.5 and Rcp8.5) in rangeland ecosystems of Ardabil province
Javad Motamedi Morteza Khodagholi Razieh Sabohi Ali Reza EftekhariBackground and Objective: Climate change has been a serious issue in the last two decades and many studies have focused on its various aspects. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the potential habitat of rangeland index species, currently and in the coming years, u MoreBackground and Objective: Climate change has been a serious issue in the last two decades and many studies have focused on its various aspects. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the potential habitat of rangeland index species, currently and in the coming years, under climate warning models. Therefore, in the present study, by preparing a prediction map of the current and future range of Bromus tomentellus species, under two climate warning models (Rcp4.5 and Rcp8.5 scenarios), its movement, in latitudes, at the level of rangeland ecosystems of Ardabil province was investigated. Material and Methodology: For this purpose, in the growing season of 2020, from 19 bioclimatic variables and three physiographic variables and a logistic regression model, to determine the quantity of climate change in the next three decades (2050) and to carefully examine its effects on the change in the range of B. tomentellus species now and in the future, used. The output maps are divided into four categories with the probability of occurrence between zero and one; unsuitable habitat (0-0.25), almost suitable habitat (0.25-0.5), habitat with high suitability (0.5-0.75) and habitat with very high suitability (0.75-1), it was grouped and based on the coefficients of the variables in the regression relationships, the effective variables for the current and future range were introduced. Findings: The average annual temperature (BIO1), the annual temperature range (BIO7) and the average temperature of the coldest season (BIO11) are the most important for the suitability of the habitat, and their values increase with the harsher climatic conditions. The average annual temperature of its suitable habitats will increase by 1.6 to 2.1 degrees Celsius in the next three decades. The height of its suitable habitats will increase from 115 to 190 meters. As a result, the level of its suitable habitat decreases in response to climate change. Also, under climate scenarios, 30.2% of suitable climate habitats will be lost in 2050, and current unsuitable habitats will increase by 29.4%. Discussion and Conclusion: In general; climate change and increase in temperature will cause B. tomentellus species to move to higher latitudes along the altitude gradient. Therefore, in the next three decades, there is a risk of removing it from the rangeland ecosystems of Ardabil province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Site selection and prioritization of the areas appropriatie for floodwater spreading using GIS and AHP (Case study: Gorganrud river basin, Golestan)
Mojgansadat Azimi Gholamreza Rahbar Shahrouz MansouriAbstract Background and Objective: Rangelands are very important in country economy in terms of grazing livestock, soil and water conservation and other services to the community. Therefore, systematical and careful management of these lands is necessary. Rangelands of MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Rangelands are very important in country economy in terms of grazing livestock, soil and water conservation and other services to the community. Therefore, systematical and careful management of these lands is necessary. Rangelands of Golestan province were one of the best rangelands of Iran in the past. However, high rate of population growth and sever dependence of the population to natural resources and rangelands caused plant coverage degradation. Floodwater spreading is one of the corrective practices that can be performed with certain goal in the rangelands. Site selection and prioritization of the areas suitable for floodwater spreading and infiltration of flood into the groundwater table are among the most important stages of these projects. Method: GIS and AHP model have been introduced as a suitable method for site selection of the areas appropriate for floodwater spreading system in the Gorgan Rud watershed. In this the Boolean scouring method with two values was used and compared with AHP method. Findings: Initially, the unsuitable areas were determined by AHP method. Then the remaining options derived from model results based on the comments. By site selection, the suitable areas were identified and the obtained inconsistency factor (0.08) proved that criteria weighing for locating the suitable areas for floodwater spreading is correct. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study also showed that the areas suggested for floodwater spreading are near the wells and springs, especially in the north and north-west of the watershed. Results showed that investigation of natural factors and constraints based on the Boolean method was not suitable for locating the appropriate areas for floodwater spreading in Gorganrud watershed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Land Use Assessment on Gomishan Plain (With Emphasis On Soil Characteristics)
Azita Mehrani Borhan Riazi Seyed Akbar Javadi Khosro Shahidi HamedaniIntroduction: As we know ecological condition in terms of drought, lack of precipitation, salinity of soil and water level restricted restoration to life of plant layer, so selection the best managerial procedure is very important while in order to provide vegetation al MoreIntroduction: As we know ecological condition in terms of drought, lack of precipitation, salinity of soil and water level restricted restoration to life of plant layer, so selection the best managerial procedure is very important while in order to provide vegetation also has the capability to decrease the soil erosion .All of all this research concerning to one of the unique ecosystem zone salinity, high water level which due to several years ago, as a result of the overload grazing of animals cause destruction the power of generation, finally to intensify the soil erosion of the region. Materials and methods: For the purpose of investigation about the role of land use and its effects on soil surface two areas included of farmland and rangeland closest to the area which has fenced for 21 years.For measuring physical specification (texture and structure) and also chemical specification (nitrogen, PH, EC, organic material), Taking sample of soil from each of these zones is done. Sampling method for this matter is in according to the procedure that consists of taking 3 transect with 100(meters) long in each zone and in along each transect taking 3 sample up to 15 (centimeter) deep by using spade.In order to measuring the amount of permeability of the soil in each zone (exclusion, rangeland, dryland farming) in 3 times and in all of these 3 situation.Altogether, 9 experiments are done. Results: The result of these experiments indicates that exploitation in form of rangeland and dryland farming has not meaningful effect on the soil texture, but the compressibility of soil surface increased. Consequently there was not any effect on the nitrogen and organic material of the soil.Land use in form of dryland farming increase EC factor of soil and in form of rangeland has no any meaningful effect on EC. The result of soil permeability experiment shows averagely, soil permeability in exclusion area approximately 10 times to the rangeland and 9 times to the dryland farming. Results and Discussion: With regard to the dangerous of desertification in this zone, it should be hesitate to exploitation in any form of land use (farming and pasture). In view of successful of researching exclusion, salinity decreases and increasing in soil permeability, exclusion should be considered as an amendatory method.Dry farming can cause high salinity and decreasing soil permeability, for this reason with attention to the low raining in this zone it is required that farmland convert to the implant pasture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Investigation of species diversity in medicinal plants of Asadli-Pelmiss summer rangelands in North Khorasan province
Negin Nodehi Mousa AkbarlouAbstract Background and Objective: Species diversity conservation is a main objective in rangelands management. In ecosystem management, the first step is to determine the factors influencing the distribution of species and species diversity, knowing that species divers MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Species diversity conservation is a main objective in rangelands management. In ecosystem management, the first step is to determine the factors influencing the distribution of species and species diversity, knowing that species diversity is correlated with ecosystem parameters. By measuring the diversity, distribution of species in the environment can be studied with an emphasis on the dynamics of ecosystems and proper management recommendations can be presented. Method: In this study, 90 plots (1 m2) were established in the study area in a systematic-randomized manner. Presence and cover percent were determined within each plot.Also identification of medicinal plants, belonging to genus and family, was performed and biological type,life form and growth form were determined. Shannon and McIntosh diversity indices were used to estimate the species diversity of medicinal plants in taxonomic, life form, biological type and growth form levels. Conclusion: The results showed that the species diversity of Asadli-Pelmiss rangelands could be considered as moderate, and the vegetation of the study area was mostly of perennial plants species which is a characteristic of mountainous areas with cold climate in altitudes Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Evaluation and zoning of land suitability for rangeland using AHP- FUZZY method )Case study: saghezchi chay catchment, Ardabil)
dariush naseri Aliakbar Shamsipour Mohammad RezvaniConservation, exploitation sustainable management of watershed resources in order to meet the needs of the present generation and preserve these resources for future generations, are one of the main priorities. The purpose of this study is to determine the suitability o MoreConservation, exploitation sustainable management of watershed resources in order to meet the needs of the present generation and preserve these resources for future generations, are one of the main priorities. The purpose of this study is to determine the suitability of the land for rangeland using Multi Criteria Evaluation (MCE) based on fuzzy logic. Considering makhdoom ecological model for pasture land use nine factors include rainfall, elevation, slope, soil, sediment, soil hydrologic group, soil depth, vegetation density and current land use were evaluated and prepared from relevant agencies departments. To determine the weight of the factors analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used and by ArcGIS9.3 software and using weighted linear combination (WLC) operator, all of the layers were overlaid and then, final raster map was created. Final suitability of the area for rangeland were categorized to very good, good, mediate, poor and very poor categories and zoning map was made. The results showed that 1186 ha (15.6%) of the area has a very good capability, 1677.7 ha (22.9%) has good capability, 1872.5 hectares (24.66%) has mediate capability, 2,176 hectares (28.63%) has poor capability and 680 ha (8.9%) has very weak capability for Range Management. The results show that the combination of geographic information system and multi criteria decision making in evaluation of the suitability of lands for agriculture and range land use is very efficient. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Study of the Consumption of Medicinal Plants of Rangeland Ecosystems and Determination of the Professional Characteristics of these Plants in Isfahan
Mansooreh Ghavam Zeynab SoleimaninejadPlants are one of the first and most accessible sources of treatment. Today, the use of medicinal plants is increasing rapidly. Knowing the taste and approach of communities to taking medicinal plants, as well as paying attention to the views and suggestions of consumer MorePlants are one of the first and most accessible sources of treatment. Today, the use of medicinal plants is increasing rapidly. Knowing the taste and approach of communities to taking medicinal plants, as well as paying attention to the views and suggestions of consumers of medicinal plants, can be a good guide for planners and policy makers of the country's pharmaceutical industry. The demand for medicinal plants is influenced by various cultural and social factors. This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the role of various social factors in the demand of medicinal plants and the impact of rangeland ecosystems on supplying plants in Isfahan. This research was carried out using a survey method. Data from this research was gathered through a questionnaire from 33 selleres of herbal medicine in Isfahan in 2015. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. Cronbach's alpha coefficient equaled 0.877, which proved the credibility of the questionnaire. The results showed that Echium amoenum (57.6%) was purchased as the largest plant, and psychiatric and psychological disorders (79.2%) were the most common cause of referring people to Isfahan's herbal medicine stores. Also, the most medicinal plants purchased by seller of them, have been from rangeland habitats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Determine the amount of carbon sequestration in rangeland species (case study: Atriplex canescens)
Ziaedin Badehian Masoumeh MansouriRangelands ecosystems have a large potential to sequester C because they occupy about half of the world's land area. This study investigate the role of Atriplex canescens in carbon sequestration in rangeland research station of Cheshmeh Ali in Qazvin province. Main trea MoreRangelands ecosystems have a large potential to sequester C because they occupy about half of the world's land area. This study investigate the role of Atriplex canescens in carbon sequestration in rangeland research station of Cheshmeh Ali in Qazvin province. Main treatment applied in a split plot design using randomized completely blocks included two densities, 2×2 m and 4×4 m. In each treatment, four pruning height included without pruning (control treatment), completely pruning, pruning in 20cm and 40cm above ground. Carbon amount were measured for above and underground biomass and soil in density and pruning height separately. Results showed that mean carbon in above and underground biomass per area unit in 2×2m treatment are higher than 4×4m treatment significantly. In 2×2m spacing, the total carbon amount of total biomass (2370 kg/ha) was twice as much amount as 4×4m treatment did significant difference was observed in total sequestrated carbon in plant spacing and purning height treatment. Mean total carbon sequestration per hectar were 59/16 and 59/81 ton in 2×2m and 4×4m treatment. Corolation analysis indicated that there is significant and positive relationship between total sequestrated carbon and organic carbon. Therefore the results suggest that good management practices in rangelands result in increased carbon storage and can increases carbon sequestration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Investigation of Carbon Sequestration Potential of Ungrazed Rangelands in Winter Rangelands of Sorkhkola, Sari
Atefeh Khanlari Reza Tamartash Mohammadreza TatianRangelands are containing more than one-third of earth's biosphere carbon stocks that can able toabsorb atmosphere carbon dioxide by their vegetation and accumulate in plant tissues and soil. Animalgrazing as a human factor could be effect on the amount of absorption. I MoreRangelands are containing more than one-third of earth's biosphere carbon stocks that can able toabsorb atmosphere carbon dioxide by their vegetation and accumulate in plant tissues and soil. Animalgrazing as a human factor could be effect on the amount of absorption. In this study, the effect ofgrazing on carbon sequestration is studied in grazed and ungrazed winter rangelands of Sorkhkola inSari. After determining the type of vegetation and dominant species (Hordeum glaucum), samplingwas done by randomly-systematic method and 20 plots (1m2). The plant biomass of shoot and rootwas determined by direct measurement. Then, samples were weighed and dry matter was calculatedfor each organs. The soil sampling was done from each horizon (0-15 and 15-30 cm) based onboundary separation of the surface and underlying horizon in the area. Organic carbon percentage ofplant and soil samples was obtained in laboratory. As well as other soil properties including bulkdensity, soil texture, calcium carbonate, electrical conductivity and soil reaction was determined.Finally, the grazed and ungrazed area data was analyzed using independent t-test in SPSS 16 software.The results showed that a significant reduction of carbon sequestration from aerial to undergroundorgans area in grazed and protected sites (p≤0/01). Despite the decline in soil carbon sequestrationthrough grazing to protected area had no significant differences between the first and second soildepth. Also, the result showed that sequestration rate was much higher in the soil to plant. It was 97%and 99% of the carbon sequestration in the protected and grazed area respectively Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - A Jurisprudential and Legal Study of the Effect of National Lands Restoration
Abbas Fadaee Moghaddam Mohammad Alemzadeh Javad NiknejadThe purpose of the present study is jurisprudential and legal investigation of national lands restoration. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the results indicate that despite different jurisprudential views and legal principles in this regard, the subject MoreThe purpose of the present study is jurisprudential and legal investigation of national lands restoration. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the results indicate that despite different jurisprudential views and legal principles in this regard, the subject of restoration of lands and its effect is an irrefutable issue. The exact time of restoration and its effect on the above resources are unclear. Some jurists have inferred that setting March, the 7th, 1987 as the date of restoration in the single article for resolving disagreements over lands, as the subject of act 26 in the law of sustenance and exploitation as well as the additional note 6 attached to the law of nullification of the documents for selling rental lands, water, and endowed property, has not only decreased but also doubled the confusion in this respect. Reviewing results of different rules in this regard showed that time of restoration and its effect basically date back to the approval date of the Forests and Rangelands Nationalization Act. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Investigating vegetation of saline lands around Urmia Lake using satellite images
Ahmad Ahmadi Mohammad Reza Tatian Reza Tamrtash Hassan Yeganeh Younes AsriTThis study aims to survey vegetation canopy cover of saline lands around Urmia lake using satellites data in 2014. This study was conducted in the area about 353150 hectares in saline lands around Urmia lake. In this study, various pre-processing including geometric co MoreTThis study aims to survey vegetation canopy cover of saline lands around Urmia lake using satellites data in 2014. This study was conducted in the area about 353150 hectares in saline lands around Urmia lake. In this study, various pre-processing including geometric correction using topographic maps and atmospheric correction was the dark object subtraction. Field data was collected in 1393.Samplings were done in plant units with stratified random sampling method. In this study, multiple regression was used to examine the relationship between variables. In this model, first by calculating the correlation matrix, the presence or absence of collinearity between the independent variables (vegetation indices and bonds) was studied. In this study, the best model was chosen due to the higher value of R2.On the selected model several variables have been chosen from among all independent variables and were introduced as the most important factors in determinig the vegetation cover map of the study area. Finally the produced maps and sampling points were controlled in order to validate the accuracy of results. The results showed that the indices of MIRVI, PD312, PD322, TVI, VNIRI, INFRARED, MID-IR-INDEX and bounds of b2, b3, b5, b6 have significant correlation at the 5% level with the field data and by using backward regression models the canopy cover map of vegetation was estimated. According to results much of saline lands around Urmia lake have canopy cover of 0-20 percent therefore we concluded that the rangelands in the region are not in good condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Assessing the potential of beekeeping and determination of attractiveness range plants used bee by using geographic information system in Char-Bagh summer rangelands, Golestan
Reza Yari Gholam Ali Heshmati Hamed RafieiThe aim of this study is to assess the potential of beekeeping and determination of attractiveness range plants used bee by geographic information system (GIS) in 2015 in Char-Bagh summer rangeland, Golestan. Accordingly, the final model of beekeeping potential of combi MoreThe aim of this study is to assess the potential of beekeeping and determination of attractiveness range plants used bee by geographic information system (GIS) in 2015 in Char-Bagh summer rangeland, Golestan. Accordingly, the final model of beekeeping potential of combining the four main criteria of nectar and pollen composition of plants (20 points), distance from water sources (10 points), roads and access routes (10 points) and the average temperature during the course of beekeeping (10 points) was determined. After the vegetation type’s floristic-physiognomic method, sampling the vegetation types in the area delimitation random-systematic method to deploy 3 transects 300 m and 30 plots were made according to the type of vegetation. Water resources map as well as the road map was drawn using Global position system (GPS), field visit and geographic information system (GIS). Nectar and pollen 134 plant species from 80 genera and 31 plant families’ favorite bee detected. Family Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Fabaceae, respectively, with 29 (21.8%), 23 (29.17%) and 19 (14.28%) species with the highest frequency nectar and pollen plants in the region. The results showed that plants attractive class II and III, the most appearances (60.9%) and class V least of (2.3%) in the region and with regard to regular visits on the field and during the flowering period May to August are the most plants in Char-Bagh summer rangelands. The results show that using the GIS module beekeeping potential of the pasture area 17.62% (1562.4 hectares) average potential in the floor (S2), 72.41% (6419.76 hectares) on the low potential (S3) and 9.96% (883.5 ha) in the class of potential (N) is located. According to the results area of about 90.03% (7982.17 hectares) has been potential the principles of apiculture, beekeeping can be attempted with the principles and also earn money by reducing grazing pasture helped to revive. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Habitat potential modeling of Astragalus gossypinus using ecological niche factor analysis and logistic regression (Case study: summer rangelands of Baladeh, Nour)
Farhad Borna Reza Tamartash Mohammadreza Tatian Vahid GholamiThis study has been done with the purpose of modeling and prediction of the habitat Astragalus gossypinus map using Logistic regression (LR) and Ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA) in summer rangelands of Baladeh, Nour in Mazandaran province. To achieve this o MoreThis study has been done with the purpose of modeling and prediction of the habitat Astragalus gossypinus map using Logistic regression (LR) and Ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA) in summer rangelands of Baladeh, Nour in Mazandaran province. To achieve this objective, environmental map variables were prepared with the help of ArcGIS®9.3 techniques in cell size of 10 × 10. Also, 80 site as well as the presence or absence of species was recorded by sampling classified-random. For each sampling site was recorded information about the presence or absence of species and environmental variables, and the relationship between species distribution and environmental factors was determined by using logistic regression and ecological niche factor analysis, and forecast maps the distribution of the Astragalus gossypinus was produced in the study area. According to LR results, Elevation, pH, organic carbon, average temperature of the wet season and average temperature during the dry season were the most important environmental factors influencing the distribution of the species. According to this model, variable aspect, sand Percent, TNV of soil, precipitation in the wet season and average temperature during the coldest season were used as influential environmental variables. Evaluate the correctness statistical models were performed by using the kappa coefficient and ROC area under the curve plots. Value indices, respectively 0.42 and 0.78 for the logistic regression model and 0.84 and 0.92 for the ecological niche factor analysis, which represents that profile model shows higher accuracy than the discrimination group models in the study area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Rangeland suitability guidelines for sheep grazing (Case study: mountainous rangelands of Imam Kandi Urmia)
Javad Motamedi Hosein Arzani Esmaeil Sheidaei KarkajDetermining the suitability of rangeland using the constraints of the FAO method, due to the multiplicity of factors and in some cases the need for laboratory operations and mapping, is time-consuming and the possibility of its application by all experts, the existence MoreDetermining the suitability of rangeland using the constraints of the FAO method, due to the multiplicity of factors and in some cases the need for laboratory operations and mapping, is time-consuming and the possibility of its application by all experts, the existence does not have. Therefore, the range classification guidelines for grazing livestock (Manual of Suitability for Animal Grazing; MSAG) in various climatic zones were proposed by the rangeland technical office. According to the proposed guidelines, rangeland suitability for trapping a variety of livestock is achieved by combining the three criteria of vegetation (20 points), water (15 points) and soil erosion (15 points). In order to assess the capability of the mentioned in the semi-arid region, the present study was carried out in the mountain ranges of Imam Kandi Urmia and the results of determining the suitability of plant breed types based on the proposed instruction with the results of the FAO limiting conditions method, by nonparametric test Wilcoxon, was compared. The results showed that in the FAO restrictive conditions, in the 83% of cases, the forage production rate was 46%, soil sensitivity to erosion and in 11%, the water resources criterion, as the criteria for reducing the suitability of plant types. But in the proposed instruction, only soil sensitivity to erosion has reduced the score of the indices and, consequently, the classes of merit. The results indicate that there is no significant difference between the two methods in terms of final suitable classes (P≤0.05), and more than 85% of the rangelands of the region are classified in the same way in two methods. Therefore, the proposed directive is capable of identifying and categorizing susceptible and non-susceptible species in sheep breeding, and its efficiency is significant compared to the FAO restrictive conditions, due to cost savings and simplicity. This instruction will enable the experts to adapt to the use of grazing rangelands when they prepare multi-purpose portfolio projects in a simple and practical way. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Surveying of the past, present, and future of vegetation changes in the central Alborz ranges in relation to climate change
Diana Askarizadeh Hosein Arzani Mohammad Jafary Javad Bazrafshan Iain colin PrenticeAcceleration of climate trend change is caused by the swift shift of rangeland conditions that using modern methods of evaluation to them are counted to sustainable management of the rangelands. In order for an investigation of trend change of rangeland vegetation due t MoreAcceleration of climate trend change is caused by the swift shift of rangeland conditions that using modern methods of evaluation to them are counted to sustainable management of the rangelands. In order for an investigation of trend change of rangeland vegetation due to climate change, central Alborz rangelands were selected. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the period of 30-year (1987-2016) was extracted by Landsat satellite, TM, ETM+, and OLI series. Drought periods were determined using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The Markov Chain model was used to anticipate the future changes of rangeland vegetation. The results showed that the vegetation cover index’s changes have risen and fallen for three decades in which, despite of increasing for some years 1986 (0.86), 2002 (0.87), 2005 (0.87), and 2015 (0.86); the changes trend was decreasingly for 1995 (0.53), 1998 (0.65), 2000 (0.62), and 2008 (0.61) years, especially for fair to very poor classes. The highest correlation (91.5%) between the SPI and NDVI was shown that severe to moderate drought has taken place along with decreased vegetation periods. Moreover, the Markov Chain model has anticipated a forcible declined change of vegetation cover for 2031 and 2046 periods. Therefore, range management approaches have to prepare itself in order to the gradual increase of temperature, which has destructive effects on vegetation cover, via regulating of grazing capacity and replacing of highly performance livestock in the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Modeling aboveground net primary production using Landsat-8 indices in Siahpoosh and Ganjgah rangelands of Ardabil province, Iran
Pashmineh Mohammadnazhad Mehdi Moameri Ardavan Ghorbani Farid Dadjou Vadood MohammadiThe aim of this study was to estimate the aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of life forms and total ANPP using Landsat 8 images in Siahpoosh and Ganjgah rangelands of Ardabil province. Field sampling was conducted in June 2019 and a satellite image was received MoreThe aim of this study was to estimate the aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of life forms and total ANPP using Landsat 8 images in Siahpoosh and Ganjgah rangelands of Ardabil province. Field sampling was conducted in June 2019 and a satellite image was received at the same time. Seven sampling sites was selected, and three 100-meter transects parallel and perpendicular to the slope direction was established in each sites, and along each transects from 10 plots (1m2), the ANPP of life forms with random-systematic method were collected (210 plots in total). Then, 22 plant indices were selected according to previous references and calculated for the region. Next, the correlation between the ANPP of life forms and total ANPP with plant indices was calculated and the plant index with the highest correlation was selected for modeling. The first-order linear equation was used for modeling and the equations were estimated in ArcMap software as a map. The results showed that among the studied indices, NDVI was the most appropriate index for modeling; however, the highest correlation of this index was with total ANPP (0.88), and grasses ANPP (0.78); while it had less correlation with the forbs ANPP (0.41), and shrubs ANPP (0.31). The range of changes were 0 to 1857 kg/ha for grasses, 9 to 766 kg/ha for forbs, 0 to 458 kg/ha for shrubs, and 9 to 3081 kg/ha for the total ANPP. The accuracy of the models was evaluated by RMSE, MDE and MAE criteria and the accuracy was acceptable. Also, there was essentially no difference between the mean of real and modeled data. The results of this study can be used to balance the supply and demand of rangeland production for sustainable development of rangeland ecosystems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Classification of the most important spectral factors extracted from Landsat-8 images in explaining the topsoil organic carbon in semi-steppe rangelands using exploratory factor analysis (EFA)
Saeedeh Nateghi Rostam Khalifehzadeh Mahshid Souri Morteza KhodagholiBackground and ObjectiveSoil organic carbon in rangeland ecosystems has a variety of functions such as increasing soil fertility, controlling erosion, increasing soil water permeability and, reducing the effects of greenhouse gases. Therefore, it is a key indicator in d MoreBackground and ObjectiveSoil organic carbon in rangeland ecosystems has a variety of functions such as increasing soil fertility, controlling erosion, increasing soil water permeability and, reducing the effects of greenhouse gases. Therefore, it is a key indicator in determining soil health that affects all physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. The large area of the country's rangelands causes a serious challenge to the use of traditional methods in estimating soil organic carbon. In such situations, the use of remote sensing capabilities can be considered as a suitable option for monitoring the organic carbon of the country's rangeland soils. The aim of this study was to determine the most important spectral factors affecting topsoil organic carbon in two summer rangelands. Materials and Methods This research was carried out in two summer rangelands of Lazour and Asaran. The first rangeland (Lazour) with an area of 8150 hectares and an average height of 2875 meters is located in the range of eastern longitudes 52.514 to 52.694 degrees and northern latitudes 35.855 to 35.934 degrees in Tehran province. The second Rangeland (Asaran) with an area of 5642 hectares and an average height of 2465 meters is located in the range of eastern longitudes 53.265 to 53.392 degrees and northern latitudes 35.804 to 35.882 degrees in Semnan province. In this research, the data of the OLI sensor of the Landsat 8 satellite were used. After pre-processing satellite imagery of the studied areas, Top of Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance layers of bands 2 to 7 along with the variables of surface albedo, Clay index, Carbonate index, Grain Size index, NDVI, brightness, greenness, and wetness index of Tasseled cap transformation were calculated. In each of the target areas, using Digital Elevation Model (DEM) maps, the slope, aspect, and hypsometric maps were prepared and by combining the last three layers with each other, a map of homogeneous sampling units was obtained. Soil sampling was performed using the stratified-random sampling pattern. In this way, in each of the homogeneous units, according to its area, several soil samples were randomly taken from a depth of zero to 20 cm and the amount of organic carbon of the samples was measured using the Walkley-Black method. Results and Discussion The results of this study showed that the spectral variables of Top of Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance layers of bands 2 to 7 along with the variables of surface albedo, Clay index, NDVI, brightness, greenness, and wetness index of Tasseled cap transformation have a significant correlation with topsoil organic carbon (p < 0.01). Also, the results of factor analysis by principal component analysis (PCA) with eigenvalues greater than one showed that the total cumulative variance explained by the 12 variables is 91.74%, which was explained by two factors. The first factor (soil color) explained 76.6% of the variance and the second factor (vegetation and soil texture) explained 15.14% of the variance. Conclusion The results of this study confirm the existence of a significant relationship between topsoil organic carbon and spectral factors extracted from Landsat 8 OLI sensor data in semi-steppe rangelands. Because of the large area of rangelands in Iran, the use of traditional methods in estimating soil organic carbon is not possible due to the need to spend a lot of time and money. And in such situations, the use of Remote sensing (RS) capabilities can be considered as a suitable option for monitoring the topsoil organic carbon in the rangelands. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Investigation of firing effect in rangelands on soil organic carbon changes using remotely sensed based indices
Somayeh Saati Zarei Behnaz AttaeianBackground and ObjectiveRangelands are one of the natural ecosystems that have an important part of soil carbon reservoirs and also, as very diverse genetic reservoirs guarantee the dynamics of the ecosystem. Fire is a natural factor in rangelands burning most of the ex MoreBackground and ObjectiveRangelands are one of the natural ecosystems that have an important part of soil carbon reservoirs and also, as very diverse genetic reservoirs guarantee the dynamics of the ecosystem. Fire is a natural factor in rangelands burning most of the existing natural cover. Rangeland fires directly alter soil microbial activity by burning soil microorganisms and indirectly by reducing organic matter, altering soil organic matter quality and other soil properties. Investigating the positive and negative effects of fire on ecosystems, especially on soil properties, has led researchers to look for alternative methods, instead of direct methods, which are generally very costly and time-consuming. One of the new methods and technologies that are very useful in the field of natural resources is satellite remote sensing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of fire on organic carbon, acidity, and electrical conductivity of rangeland soils in the Gonbad region of Hamadan, and to investigate the capability of remotely sensed data in the indirect estimation of soil surface carbon in semi-arid rangelands after the fire. Materials and Methods In this study, 20 soil samples were taken from each site from a depth of 0-10 cm (40 samples in total) and the coordinates of each sampling point were recorded with a GPS device. Sampling was performed 15 to 20 days after the fire in early October. After transferring to the laboratory, the samples were used to measure the amount of soil organic carbon. Then, the statistical relationship between non-burned areas and burned areas was examined and analyzed by an independent t-test. Indirect estimation of soil surface organic carbon at non-burned and burned sites was also investigated and their changes were evaluated using remote sensing satellite imagery. For this purpose, after performing the pre and post-processing on satellite data, the corresponding values of spectral reflectance of each pixel with sampling points at different wavelengths and spectral indices were extracted, and the correlation and regression equation of indices with the Carbon reservoirs were analyzed. Results and Discussion The results of the Pearson correlation test showed that among all spectral indices, only the HI index was correlated with soil organic carbon in the short time and in the non-burned site. Besides, among all indices, BI, NDBI, NDVI, SAVI, VCI, and VHI indices were correlated with the EC value in the non-burned site. At the non-burned site, there was a significant correlation between most spectral indices and soil EC, which was eliminated after the fire at the burned site. Regarding the correlation between pH and spectral indices, it was observed that there is a correlation between some spectral indices and pH. As a matter of fact, it can be concluded that the fire has caused a large change in the rate of reflection and propagation of waves from the soil surface so that in the non-burned site, the indices were correlated with EC, but in the burned site, the correlation between indices and EC was completely eliminated, and instead, a correlation has been established between the indices and the pH. Furthermore, none of the spectral indices in April 2017 at the non-burned site had a significant positive or negative correlation with soil organic carbon, and the results showed that after six months of the fire, the soil carbon changes were not such that the spectral indices could be examined its process. Comparing the results of October 2016 with the results of April 2017 on the non-burned site, it was found that after six months, the NBR index has found a significant correlation with the EC rate, but the BI and VHI indices have lost their correlation. According to the NBR index and the SWIR2 band, it seems that after six months from the occurrence of the fire, changes have occurred in the control site, which has led to a correlation between this index and soil EC. Since the amount of reflected energy from the earth's surface depends on several factors such as soil moisture, changes in soil organic matter content, and surface cover, so the effect of these factors on the soil reflectance should be considered in the growing season. Failure to change these results after six months can prove that the positive and negative effects of the fire have not disappeared in a short period of six months and a longer time is needed for the situation to return to normal. Conclusion According to the results, it was found that soil organic carbon reservoirs in burned rangelands in comparison with non-burned rangelands is not significantly different. Deformation and stabilization of soil organic matter due to fire have been studied by many researchers, but the transformation of soil organic matter by fire has often led to heterogeneous and different results. At a depth of 10-20 cm, the fire was found to have no effect on soil organic carbon content, but other researchers found that 6 months after the fire, the amount of carbon in the burned soils increased compared to the non-burned soils. It was also found that the percentage of soil organic carbon decreased significantly three months after the fire. Moreover, in another study on the effect of fire on soil organic carbon, it was found that in the area affected by the fire compared to the control area in one year and two years after the fire, the amount of soil organic carbon has decreased significantly. Since the effect of fire on the physical and chemical properties of soil is strongly influenced by fire intensity, soil moisture, climate, and vegetation, so all these factors have led to different results in investigating the effect of fire on soil organic carbon. Due to environmental conditions, climate, the slope of the area, soil texture and structure, and factors related to fire such as its intensity and duration, the amount of soil carbon has changed. For example, in the event of a medium-sized fire, the conditions for vegetation regrowth are faster, but in the event of a severe fire, the entire organic layer of the soil surface is generally removed and carbon is reduced over time. Also, in examining the correlation between spectral indices and soil organic carbon, it was found that only the HI index with soil organic carbon was significant at the non-burned site, but no correlation was observed at the burned site. This can be examined by examining the spectrum of visible blue and green wavelengths in the mathematical relationship of this index because only in this index the green and blue wavelength spectrum have been used. According to the results of other researchers, it seems that estimating soil organic carbon using remote sensing has certain complexities. Since soil organic carbon has the greatest impact on soil color, it is difficult to estimate it using remotely sensed data if its amount is low. The occurrence of fire in the region has a major impact on the spectral reflectance of surface soil so that after the fire in a short time the correlation of HI index with soil organic carbon is lost. According to the results of the present research, it seems that the main point about the impact of fire on soil organic carbon is the time and the opportunity for soil to change. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Forage production suitability modeling in Sarab Sefid rangeland of Borujerd by Geographic Information System (GIS)
Ali Ariapour Moslem Hadidi Fazel Amiri Ali Hossein BiranvandForage production suitability is one of the most factors to the sustainable utilization of natural potential by rangeland grazing suitability. To determine this factor in short time, low cost and height accuracy is most challenges of expertise and ranchers. Using a suit MoreForage production suitability is one of the most factors to the sustainable utilization of natural potential by rangeland grazing suitability. To determine this factor in short time, low cost and height accuracy is most challenges of expertise and ranchers. Using a suitable technique for this subject can be sustainable utilization comprising from rangeland ecosystems, according to its degradation and heavy grazing. This research was conducted in Borujerd Sarab Sefid rangeland from 2001 to 2012. Slope, aspect and height maps provided by using satellite imagery, basic information and analog maps and digitized maps such as; topographic and DEM (Digital Elevation Model). Also measurement of field conducted by using clipping and weighting method for estimation of forage, four factors method to range condition, trend balance to range condition trend and physiognomy to typing. Forage production, range condition, ranges condition, trend and typing maps integrated with obtaining and digitized field data in ARCGIS®9.3 software. At least to become changed to final forage production, sustainability this maps in software by using unity command. Result show that from 16 types, 4 types were in non sustainable, 8 types in class III, 2 types in class II and 2 types in class I of sustainability. As a final conclusion this research and other research show that uses RS and GIS can useful for sustainable management of rangeland ecosystems with height accuracy and speed and low cost if considered standards and criteria of using GIS and RS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Identification of moths of family Sphingidae in some regions of Fars Province (Iran)
Farangis Ghasemi Hassan Alemansoor Asghar AlehosseinDuring 2006– 2007 studies were carried out to collect and identify the moths of family Sphingidae in some regions of Fars Province. A total of 16 species were collected and identified. Four forestlands including Arsanjan district with dominant Pistachio mutica, Fi MoreDuring 2006– 2007 studies were carried out to collect and identify the moths of family Sphingidae in some regions of Fars Province. A total of 16 species were collected and identified. Four forestlands including Arsanjan district with dominant Pistachio mutica, Firouz Abad district with dominant Amygdalus scopariae and Ziziphus spinachristi, Kazeroun and Nour Abad district with dominant Quercus brantii, Sepidan district with dominant Pyrus glabra and one rangeland (Shiraz) were selected and 271 specimens of Sphingidae were collected by the insect net and the light trap. Collected insects were identified systematically according to their morphological characteristics by second author and confirmed by Ian J. Kitching (Natural History Museum, London, UK). Moths found in this study are as follows: Acherontia styx styx (Westwood, 1847) Agrius convolvuli (Linnaeus, 1758) Akbesia davidi (Oberthür, 1884) Clarina kotschyi kotschyi (Kollar, 1849) Daphnis nerii (Linnaeus, 1758) Hippotion celerio (Linnaeus, 1758) Hyles hippophaes (Esper, 1793) Hyles livornica (Esper, 1780) Hyles nicaea sheljuzkoi (de Prunner, 1798) Laothoe populi populeti (Bienert, 1870) Marumba quercus (Denis & Schiffermüller,1775) Macroglossum stellatarum (Linnaeus, 1758) Rethera brandti euteletes (Jordan, 1937) Rethera komarovi manifica (Brandt, 1938) Smerinthus kindermanni (Lederer, 1853) Theretra alecto (Linnaeus, 1758) Amoung them Acherontia stxy is a new record for Fars province (Iran) and Marumba quercuswas found in the most region of this province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Study of fauna ladybirds (Col., Coccinellidae) on pastures Astragalus adscendes (Fabaceae) in Lorestan province
M. Tavakoli A. Ansari pour A. Pirhadi F. PiroziThe were studied fauna of ladybirds (Col:Coccinellidae) on pastures Astragalus adscendes (Boiss. & Hausskn 1903), (Fabaceae)meantime with practical collection and releasing psyllid Gazangabin Cyamophila astragalicola (Gegechkori 1977), (Hom.: Psyllidae) insects on A MoreThe were studied fauna of ladybirds (Col:Coccinellidae) on pastures Astragalus adscendes (Boiss. & Hausskn 1903), (Fabaceae)meantime with practical collection and releasing psyllid Gazangabin Cyamophila astragalicola (Gegechkori 1977), (Hom.: Psyllidae) insects on Astragalus adscendens during 2007 to 2010 inLorestan province. ladybirdscollected are as follows: Henosepilachna argus (Geoffroy, 1762)*, Chilocorus bipustulatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Exochomus flavipes (Thunberg, 1781), E. quadripustulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) , Scymnus apetzi (Mulsant, 1846), Hyperaspis reppensis (Herbst, 1783)**, Coccinnula sinuatomarginata (Faldermann, 1837)*, Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus, 1758), Hippodamia variegata (Goeze, 1777), Oenopia conglobata (Linnaeus, 1758), O. oncina (Olivier, 1808), Species marked with symbol (*) are new for Lorestan province and specie that marked with (**) is new for Iranian fauna. In this survey from total of 11 species ladybird were collected, 9 genus directly were busy feeding from nymphs and adults Cyamophila astragalicola and were collected 2 genus Scymnus and Henosepilachnas in position hibernation on shrubs Astragalus adscendens. Only one species Henosepilachna argus was phytophagous. Species that is new for the fauna of Iran and Lorestan province have been confirmed by Dr. Fursch from Germany. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The role of indigenous knowledge in the protection of Rangelands in Plour, Mazandaran province
Fatemeh Azar Jalal Mahmoudi Ghodratolah HidariThe overall goal of this study is to investigate the impact of indigenous knowledge in ecotourism industry and generate revenue in Poloor region of Mazandaran province. This research is a survey study and information are collected based on questionnaire in the for MoreThe overall goal of this study is to investigate the impact of indigenous knowledge in ecotourism industry and generate revenue in Poloor region of Mazandaran province. This research is a survey study and information are collected based on questionnaire in the format of Likert scale.. The studied population consists of 210 residents of Poloor region and sample size is achieved 111 randomly based on Cochran formula. But in field study , only 70 questionnaires have been completed and the others didn't tend to respond. Research reliability has been calculated by Cronbach's alpha and the value of this coefficient has been 0/803 . Variance analysis tests, Duncan compare means tests , Pearson correlation coefficient and simple regression have been used for data analysis. These analysis have been done by spss software. The results showed that, there's a significant relationship between indigenous knowledge, ecotourism industry and economical prosperity. It means that, with proper management based on indigenous knowledge, it is possible to preserve natural resources areas especially pastures of the above region in addition of tourists attraction, job creation, revenue, cultural preservation of indigenous traditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Habitat suitability modeling Stipa barbata species using Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (case study: Taleghan Rangelands)
محمدعلی زارع چاهوکی محبوبه عباسیThis study was done aimed to determine the habitat suitability of S. barbata species using ecological niche factor analysis in rangeland of Taleghan miany. Stipa barbata species has good quality and the preference value that is important in soil conservation and forage MoreThis study was done aimed to determine the habitat suitability of S. barbata species using ecological niche factor analysis in rangeland of Taleghan miany. Stipa barbata species has good quality and the preference value that is important in soil conservation and forage production for livestock. In order to habitat suitability modeling for this species were used than presence point and the soil variables such as the information layers of gravel, pH, lime, organic matter, N, K, P, sand, clay, silt and topographic variables maps (slope, aspect and Height) were used as variables affecting the species. The results of the study indicate that in the habitat suitability of S. barbata species in the study area environment variables height, direction of North, EC has a negative impact and depth, lime, organic matter and pH variables has a positive impact, And have been important factors. Accuracy model is calculated 87/5% using continue Boyce index that to verify the accuracy of the model results. Kappa coefficient obtained by matching the prediction map with ground truth equal 0.76. According to the results obtained values marginality (1.64), specialization (8.39) and toleranc of (0.119) obtained from the model, it can be concluded that the S. barbata species is specialty relative to the specific conditions of the environment variables, and tolerate the specific domain of environmental variables in the range the study area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Determining rangeland suitability model for sheep grazing using GIS (case study: Baqeran watershed)
Einollah Rouhi Moghaddam حلیمه جلورو هادی معماریانAbstract Rangeland ecosystems are considered as one of the most complex ecosystems and there is the close relationships between its components. This implies that rangeland resources in every area be evaluated properly for each kind of utilizations and also land suitabil MoreAbstract Rangeland ecosystems are considered as one of the most complex ecosystems and there is the close relationships between its components. This implies that rangeland resources in every area be evaluated properly for each kind of utilizations and also land suitability is specified for each land use. The aim of this study was determining ranges suitability for sheep grazing in Baqeran watershed, South Khorasan, that has been performed using FAO method in GIS. In this study three factors including forage production, water resources and sensitivity to erosion were considered among physical and vegetation factors which have been provided as three sub-models. The final model of range suitability show that high slope and distance from water resources are the most important factors to decrease land suitability for this land use. It was also observed the 32.63 % of rangelands were grouped at S2 class (medium), 21.13 % were grouped at S3 class (low- suitability) and 18.06 % at N class (non – suitable). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Examination of factors affecting non-compliance with the grazing capacity (Case study: Sub watershed Nej of watershed basin of Baledeh)
jalal mahmoudi raheleh eslami khadige mahdaviThe rangelands is considered the most significan bed of stable enviroment and ecolog pheno mind. Omitting exploitation system and management of Godship resources have caused confusion of exploitation system from rangeland at recent year . Recent study has done below the MoreThe rangelands is considered the most significan bed of stable enviroment and ecolog pheno mind. Omitting exploitation system and management of Godship resources have caused confusion of exploitation system from rangeland at recent year . Recent study has done below the Nej area that is one of the subsection Noor roud irrigation sphere at Baledeh division of Noor city . Statistic society of recent research constitutes exploitators of range management plans at studied regoin with 485 person.sample number assigned 57 person base on kookran formula. Information was gatheered by using questioniair and skelation of likret spectrum: facial validity method was used for validity appointment and obviousness questionidre and Cronbach's alpha,s method was obtained equal to .0801. For data analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA and also multivariate regression were used. data analysis by using SPSS VER. 19 software was done. The obtained results of above tests showed that economic education and popularization condition variety had meaning ful relation ship with oasture capacity respect.Two variable like literacy levelllll and expliotators awarness and law execution method has no menaningful relationship with pasture capacity respect. While at the studied regoin, governed economic condtion on local society isn,t much suitable for being low income, suitable noun employment, topography special condition and also no necessary science and awarness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Application of fuzzy logic method to investigate beekeepers potential in Tamin Rangelands – Mirjaveh County
Marzieh Gorgi Hossein Piri Sahragard Soheila NooriAssessing the potential of rangelands for the development of multi-purpose use and the propre utilization of the capabilities of these resources is a serious challenge for managing pastures. in this regard, this research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the comp MoreAssessing the potential of rangelands for the development of multi-purpose use and the propre utilization of the capabilities of these resources is a serious challenge for managing pastures. in this regard, this research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the competence of the Tamin rangelands in order to develop beekeepers by using Fuzzy logic method in the arc GIS software environment in the Tamin rangelands in northern Taftan. For this purpose, sampling was carried out in vegetation brigades of the region by systematic randomization method with the establishment of three 300 meter transects. After determining the effective measures in determining the suitability of beekeepers using the proposed FAO method, effective measures were firstly weighed by experts . in the next step Fuzzy logic was applied to the criteria. Generally, the results of apiculture model In Fuzzy logic method showed that 24.9 of land units was classified as high suitable (S1), 28.2 with moderate suitability(S2), 40.6 with low suitability(S3) and 6.3 non suitable (N) for use apiculture. In addition, the index weight of vegetation cover factor (0.84) is more than access to water resources (0.81) and environmental and physical factors (0.37). According to the results of Fuzzy logic method, the eastern regions of the rangelands of Tamin have a higher suitability for apiculture, and this should be considered in the development of apiculture and vegetation management in the rangelands of Tamin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Evaluation of ornamental ability of some Allium plants using two methods of principal component analysis and scoring of aesthetic characteristics (Case study: Summer rangelands of Noorrud watershed)
leila darvishi hossien barani mosa akbarloo hassan ghelichniaThe aim of this study was to evaluate the ornamental ability of Allium plants using two methods of principal component analysis and scoring their aesthetic characteristics in the summer pastures of Nourrood watershed.In order to determine the habitat of each of these sp MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the ornamental ability of Allium plants using two methods of principal component analysis and scoring their aesthetic characteristics in the summer pastures of Nourrood watershed.In order to determine the habitat of each of these species,5 to10 plant bases were determined and marked on the site. Then all phenological and morphological characteristics of these marked bases were measured and recorded.The experiment was performed based on a completely randomized design with8 treatments and 5replications. Treatments included8species of allium.To determinethe ornamental capacity of the studied species, cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used and important characteristics in terms of decoration suchas flowering stem height, inflorescence diameter, plant width,duration of flower on the plant And leaf area was examined.Based on thefirst and second components, which explained93.74%of the differences between the data, the relevant biplot was drawn Also, in another method,images of these plants were recorded using a camera at different angles and regarding their aesthetic value from three different statistical groups,including the community and indigenous people, experts in the fieldof flowers and ornamental plants and people of art and cyberspace.A questionnaire was conducted and a total of 264 questionnaires were prepared. Evaluation of ornamental abilities using the twomethods studied showed that A bodeanum, A akaka, elburzensis species with large inflorescence diameter and beautiful purple color and A ampeloprasum species due to their high height and long leaf and flower duration,Can be introduced as plants with good ornamental ability and can be planted in these areas Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Comparison of chemical compounds of Hymenocrater elegans bunge with other species Hymenocrater genus under different climates (Case study: altitude Baladeh Noor of Mazandaran)
Fatemeh Mirmohammadishektaei mohammad mahdavi Mohammad hasan JouriBeautiful Arvaneh flower has antioxidant, antifungal and antibacterial properties and has aromatic, fragrant essential oil and antimicrobial effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of this species in Baladeh Noor region of Mazandaran. MoreBeautiful Arvaneh flower has antioxidant, antifungal and antibacterial properties and has aromatic, fragrant essential oil and antimicrobial effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of this species in Baladeh Noor region of Mazandaran. The plant aerial parts were collected at the flowering stage, It was then dried at room temperature, after that essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation method. Analysis of essential oil compounds was performed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatograph connected to mass spectrometer (GC / MS). The results showed that the highest essential oils percentages were Tetramethyl tricycle (27.49%), Acetaldehyde Ethanal (21.64%), Butenamide (21.47%), Ethylamine (20.34%), Methanonaphthalene (18.23%) and Labda (12.25%), Cyclopropane, 1-bromo (7.74%).According to this the study results and previous studies on Hymenocrater elegans bunge species and other species related to the same genus, it can be said that the characteristics of different plant species, even from one species and one genus, change the composition of essential oils extracted from them. it is suggested to pay more attention to these factors in order to make optimal use of medicinal plants and better extract active ingredients Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The Effect of Biomechanical Operations on Rangeland Vegetation (Case Study: Rangelands of Abarkooh, Yazd)
saeede sedghiExecution of rainfall storage operationsis is one of the most important methods of improving and restoring rangeland vegetation. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of rainfall storage on vegetation factors in winter rangelands of Abarkooh, Yazd. The succ MoreExecution of rainfall storage operationsis is one of the most important methods of improving and restoring rangeland vegetation. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of rainfall storage on vegetation factors in winter rangelands of Abarkooh, Yazd. The success of biomechanical operations was evaluated through the analysis of vegetation factors including canopy cover, production, regeneration, and density in four treatments: control, pitting, contour furrows, and crescent ponds. The sample was selected through random – systematical method of sampling with the establishment of transects and plots. One-way between groups ANOVA was run in order to analyze the data. The results showed that the studied factors had a significant difference at the statistical level of one percent (P <0.01). So that in the crescent ponds method Percentage of canopy, production, density and regeneration of plant species had the highest value with 8.5, 39.25, 6.6 and 3.9, respectively, in comparison with the other two methods. These factors did not show a significant difference with the control in contour furrows and Pitting methods. The results of this study showed that crescent ponds had a greater effect on restoration and increase of vegetation compared with contour furrows meter and pitting methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Effects of Woody Plants on Rangeland Ecosystems Function
gholam Ali heshmati paria KamaliTo shed light on the relationship between vegetation and soil will help to identify rangelands potential and functions. As an integral part of rangelands, woody plants play a substantial role in constituting soil properties. The present study was aimed to investigate th MoreTo shed light on the relationship between vegetation and soil will help to identify rangelands potential and functions. As an integral part of rangelands, woody plants play a substantial role in constituting soil properties. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of woody plants on rangelands functions in Parvar region, Semnan province. According to landscape function analysis method (LFA), the number of eleven soil features on three woody plant structures (closed, semi- closed and open canopy) with three transects were studied along which five replicates on per patch as well as bare soil considered. Then factors measured on three parameters of stability, infiltration and nutrient cycling were classified as per each structure. The results showed that woody species with closed canopy have more contributes in improving rangeland function indices, including stability, infiltration and nutrient cycling compared to those relatively closed and open. On the other hand, the shorter woody species have greater contribution in soil stability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Investigation and determining environmental factors affecting on distribution of rangeland habitats in Southeast of Sabalan
behnam bahrami ardavan ghorbaniAbstract Relationships between environmental factors and vegetation is an essential step in order to recognize the effective factors on growth and establishment of species plants and identify habitats. The purpose of this study was MoreAbstract Relationships between environmental factors and vegetation is an essential step in order to recognize the effective factors on growth and establishment of species plants and identify habitats. The purpose of this study was investigation of relation between environmental factors and rangeland habitats and to determine the most important affecting factors in the segregation of rangeland habitats of Southeast Sabalan, which is located in Ardabil province. Sampling was done using random-systematic method. In this rangeland ecosystem, sampling was conducted with the selection of 45 sites in southeast of Sabalan, and inside of each site 3 large 10 m2 plots with the distance of 40m from each other along of a 120m transect was selected. Inside of the plots, the list of the plants and canopy cover were determined. From these plots, soil samples were collected from two depths of 0-15 and 15-30 cm and the climatic characteristics such rainfall and temperature, topographic features suchas elevation, slope and aspect, soil features such texture, electrical conductivity, acidity, organic matter (C), phosphorus and potassium were measured. To determine the relationship between environmental factors and plant distribution based on each plots a multivariate analysis (ordination) was used. Ordination of plant communities based on environmental factors using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and Representational Difference Analysis (RDA) methods was performed. Results indicate that on the study area, physiographic attributes (elevation and aspect) have significant effects on the distribution of rangeland habitats. The CCA results of environmental factors indicate that the first and second axes with eigen values 0.703 and 0.519 and variance 11.5 and 20 respectively justify habitat changes and environmental factors in the study area. The results of this study can be used in the management of rangeland ecosystem improvement and remidation of the Southeast Sabalan and the same areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Effects of species diversity changes on soil organic matter particle of mountainous rangeland of West Azerbaijan
behnam bahrami reza erfanzadeh javad moetamediIn this study, For evaluating the effect of Prangos uloptera and accompanying species on the components of soil organic matter and distribution of aggregates, mountainous rangelands of Khaneghah-Sorkh of Urmia was selected. Sampling was conducted random-systematically. MoreIn this study, For evaluating the effect of Prangos uloptera and accompanying species on the components of soil organic matter and distribution of aggregates, mountainous rangelands of Khaneghah-Sorkh of Urmia was selected. Sampling was conducted random-systematically. Initially, two locations beside of each other were selected, and then 4 sites, which were the representative of each location, were selected for sampling. Soil samples were collected from 0-15 and 15-30cm depth and totally 32 soil samples for each location from two depths were collected. Particulate organic matter- Carbon (POM-C) and Particulate organic matter- Nitrogen (POM-N), Percentage of coarse and fine aggregates and existing carbon of them were examined and analyzed. Results of variance analysis show that except the percentage of coarse aggregate all other investigated factors were increased by the increase of accompanied species diversity with each base of Prangos uloptera in the second location. Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, carbon associated with coarse and fine aggregates percentage is significantly influenced by the high diversity of the accompanied plant species with the Prangos uloptera in the second location. Results of this study showed the rapid effects of management changes on the particulate organic matter and also proved the variability of particulate organic matter in the soil under the change of management practices on vegetation. Moreover, the increase of particulate organic matter can be unstable, thus management of vegetation and species diversity of rangeland ecosystems must be conserved for long time, till we have seen positive increase in soil organic carbon Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Analysis the relationship between yield and area, animal unit and the number of exploiter in rangelands (Case Study: Isfahan Summer Range Management Plans)
raufiraad valiollah Gh heidari Setareh BagheriAbstract The goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between rangeland area, the number of exploiter, and animal unit to Range Management plan. First, the list of summer range of Isfahan plans was prepared. Then, rangeland area, the rangeland yield, the n MoreAbstract The goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between rangeland area, the number of exploiter, and animal unit to Range Management plan. First, the list of summer range of Isfahan plans was prepared. Then, rangeland area, the rangeland yield, the number of exploiter, and the animal unit were pulled out from the Range plans. Next, the number of existing animals in rangelands was counted. The number of samples was determined 90, among 226 Summer Range Management Plans, using Cochran's formula. Samples contain 45 plans of one exploiter and 45 plans of the group (plans which had more than one exploiter). Finally, the relationship between the rangeland area, the number of exploiter and animal unit (separately and commonly) and rangeland's yield were analyzed in both one exploiter's rangeland and group rangelands. Then, yield in two group's rangeland was compared. Also the number of existing animal and animal unit in each group (separately) were compared. Results indicated that a negative significant relationship was found between the yield and the rangeland area in both one exploiter rangelands (P≤ 0.01) and group rangelands (P≤ 0.05). A significant relationship was found between rangeland the yield and the animal unit in each two group's rangeland (P≤ 0.01). There is no significant difference (P≤0.05) between yields in two group's rangeland. Finally, a significant relation was found between the number of existing animal and animal unit in each two group's rangeland. Hence, sustainable rangeland management can be achieved by the selection of the number of animal unit based on rangelands area and yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Evaluation of neural network and regression models to predict species diversity using some soil and physiographic factors (Case Study: Kharabeh Sanji watershed of Urmia)
Behnam Bahrami Ardovan GhorbaniDirect measurement of species diversity is a time consuming and cost effective and somewhat unreliable because of errors in the sampling. This study was conducted by the aim of determining low cost factors for predicting species diversity using artificial neural network MoreDirect measurement of species diversity is a time consuming and cost effective and somewhat unreliable because of errors in the sampling. This study was conducted by the aim of determining low cost factors for predicting species diversity using artificial neural network, adaptive- fuzzy neural network and regression models. Sampling was conducted using randomized-systematic method from 60 plots along 6 transects with 100m long and from 0-30cm of soil depth. Vegetation data were recorded to calculate species diversity by Shannon-wiener index. Moreover, for determining the affective factors on species diversity, electrical conductivity, pH, bulk density, percentages of organic matter, clay, silt, wet saturation, coarse and fine aggregates and slope and elevation were measured and determined. Then species diversity was determined using multii-layer perceptron neural network, adaptive-fuzzy neural network and regression models. The results show that criteria such as root mean squire error and efficiency coefficient of the regression model were 0.14 and 0.39, in artificial neural network 0.07 and 0.86 and for adaptive- fuzzy neural network 0.09 and 0.7, respectively. that Shannon wiener index was 1.98 for the study area. The artificial neural network model as a powerful tool in predicting species diversity in comparison with the multiple linear regression analysis and neural network-fuzzy adaptive models showed reliable results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Determining rangeland suitability model for sheep grazing using GIS (case study: Baqeran watershed)
halime joloroo عین اله rouhi moghaddam Hadi memarianAbstract Rangeland ecosystems are considered as one of the most complex ecosystems and there are the close relationships between its components. This implies that rangeland resources in every area, be evaluated properly for each kind of utilizations and also land MoreAbstract Rangeland ecosystems are considered as one of the most complex ecosystems and there are the close relationships between its components. This implies that rangeland resources in every area, be evaluated properly for each kind of utilizations and also land suitability is specified for each land use. The aim of this study was determining ranges suitability for sheep grazing in Baqeran watershed, South Khorasan that has been performed using the FAO method in GIS. In this study three factors, including forage production, water resources and sensitivity to erosion were considered among physical and vegetation factors which have been provided as three sub-models. The final model of range suitability shows that high slope and distance from water resources are the most important factors to decrease land suitability for this land use. It was also observed the 32.63 % of rangelands were grouped in the S2 class (medium), 21.13 % were grouped at S3 class (low- suitability) and 18.06 % of N class (non – suitable). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Ecological investigation of changes in rangeland condition and its relationship to poisonous plants
Kourosh Khalatbari Mohammad hasan Jouri Hamid reza MehrabiSevere variations of exploitation structure in rangeland are caused to shakeup of plants vegetation in which invasion of poisonous plants in bare areas is a symbol of this deviation. Inkling of the rangeland condition’s values is brought about accurate decision to MoreSevere variations of exploitation structure in rangeland are caused to shakeup of plants vegetation in which invasion of poisonous plants in bare areas is a symbol of this deviation. Inkling of the rangeland condition’s values is brought about accurate decision to exploitation management in the rangeland. In order to investigating of this diversity processes, rangelands of Javaherdeh (Ramsar) under three treatments, include long term exclosure (30 years), short term exclosure (7 years), and grazing area, were selected. Collecting of species was done by patrolling in the sites and recognition of plants was also done by reliable references. Some plots are laid fortuitously down in order to determine the rangeland trend and condition which are settled by Trend Balance and six-factor methods. With a view to determine the utilision rate of poisonous plants by animal, Bit-count method was employed. Results showed that there are 133 species from 19 families and 56 genera in the study area. There are also 39 toxic plants in good (long-term exclosure), fair (7 years exclosure), and poor conditions (grazing area). 46 species are used by animal that 15 species of them were venomous plants. The study of rangeland condition trends, therefore, is shown that because of overgrazing or long term grazing, invader species, include unpalatable and toxic plants, occupy the land where palatable-endemic species depopulate it. Some poisonous species, however, exist in their own ecologic niches that occupy the bare land when there is not any palatable species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Effects of different harvesting intensities and phenological stages on soluble carbohydrate reserve variabilities of Halocnemum strobilaceum and Halostachys caspica (Case study: Rangelands of Gomishan city, North-Western of Golestan Province)
Majid Sharifi-Rad Gholamali Heshmati Mohammad Bagher Bagherieh-NajjarThis study examines the variability in soluble carbohydrate reserves of Halocnemum strobilaceum and Halostachys caspica at various harvesting intensities (no harvesting (as control), 25%, 50%, and 75%) and different growth stages (vegetative, flowering, and seeding) in MoreThis study examines the variability in soluble carbohydrate reserves of Halocnemum strobilaceum and Halostachys caspica at various harvesting intensities (no harvesting (as control), 25%, 50%, and 75%) and different growth stages (vegetative, flowering, and seeding) in the aerial (stems) and underground (root) parts. The results showed that different harvesting intensities had significant effects on soluble carbohydrate reserves in the two species (P≤0.05). In both species no harvesting (control) had maximum soluble carbohydrate reserves and with increasing of harvesting intensity, the soluble carbohydrate reserves significantly decreased so, due to the negative effects of 50% and 75% harvesting levels on soluble carbohydrate reserves, more than 25% harvesting level must be avoided as it damages the soluble carbohydrate reserves of the species. Also the results showed that plant growth stage and plant part type had significant effects on soluble carbohydrate reserves in the two species. In terms of the total amount of soluble carbohydrate (stem+ root), there was significant difference between two species. With the growth progresses, the amount of soluble carbohydrates significantly increased in both species. Therefore, we can consider the seeding stage as the best time for grazing in the studied species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Investigation of Some Ecological Characteristics of Artemisia sieberi Besser. and Estimation of its Density by Neural Networks in Roodab Section of Sabzevar
Alireza Ghasemi Arian fazel fazeli hossein rohaniAbstract Artemisia sieberi Besser. (Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant belongs to flora of Iran , which is used in treatment of parasitic and infectious diseases. In recent years, many habitats parts of this plant have been destroyed by human activities. The purpose of th MoreAbstract Artemisia sieberi Besser. (Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant belongs to flora of Iran , which is used in treatment of parasitic and infectious diseases. In recent years, many habitats parts of this plant have been destroyed by human activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the autecological characteristics and estimation of Artemisia density in Roodab region of Sabzevar in 2017. At first the A.sieberi habitats was determined on satellite images, then ecological information including topography, climate, soil, geology and phenology was collected. In the next step, Artemisia densities in degraded rangelands were investigated by using neural network model. For this purpose, 70 random soil samples consisting of independent variables (texture, EC, SAR, pH, N, P, K, cations, organic matter and lime percentage) as well as dependent variable (plant density) were used to construct the model. The results were showed that A.sieberi prefers altitudes of of 1400 to 1800 m, 0% to 12% slope, 160 to 200 mm rainfall, and loamy to calcareous loam soils with low salinity. plant vegetative activity begins in late March and seed ripening occurs early in December. The results of model prediction indicated that the lowest plant density with 0.11 / m2 was related to the plots that were 40 years under plowing stress and the highest density with 0.4 /m2 was related to the plots after two years of degradation. The regression model (R2) showed that 95% of independent variables were involved in determining plant density. Model prediction also indicated that the lowest density by 0.11 and 0.4 plant per m2 belonged to rangelands have been plowed more than 40 years and which lasted two years from their destruction, respectively. Regression model (R2) also showed that independent variables have a 95% effect on the determination of A.sieberi density. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Comparison of the essential oils of medicinal plant populations of Eryngium noeanum Boiss. and Eryngium iranicum Mozaff in Iran
Abdolbaset Mahmoudi Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi Mahdi AyyariIn this study Eryngium noeanum Boiss. from four different regions of Alamot (AL) (Qazvin province), Ahuan Col (AH) (Semnan), Razaqan (RZ) (Markazi province), and Bashm Col (BA) (Semnan) and also, Eryngium iranicum Mozaff. from Nikpey village (NP) (Zanjan) at elevations MoreIn this study Eryngium noeanum Boiss. from four different regions of Alamot (AL) (Qazvin province), Ahuan Col (AH) (Semnan), Razaqan (RZ) (Markazi province), and Bashm Col (BA) (Semnan) and also, Eryngium iranicum Mozaff. from Nikpey village (NP) (Zanjan) at elevations of 1600, 1980, 2450, 2150, and 1400 m above the sea level were collected during the summer 2018. The shade-dried plant materials were hydro-distillated by a clevenger apparatus. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the essential oils were carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC-FID, respectively. The essential oil contents were obtained as 0.3, 0.4, 0.55, 0.2, and 0.1% (w/w) for AL, AH, RZ, BA, and NP, respectively. The main components of essential oils were amorpha-4,11-diene (14.0, 17.6, 9.0, and 13.6%), δ-selinene (21.5, 40.5, 23.1, and 35.7%), spathulenol (4.6, 0.7, 6.4 and 5.5%), eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol (3.4, 0.5, 6.7, and 4.4%), and cis-falcarinol (20.3, 1.0, 20.0, and 15.2%) for AL, AH, RZ, and BA, respectively. Also, the main components of the essential oils in NP sample were n-octanal (12.8%), myrtenol (12.5%), and cis-falcarinol (13.5%). The main compounds in different populations of E. noeanum and E. iranicum essential oils were sesquiterpenes (about 70-90%) and non-terpene (56%), respectively. Eryngium noeanum Boiss. is a medicinal rangeland and native plant of Iran, has not been given due attention. Despite prickly appearance, it has a big aerial part with considerable essential oil contents including valuable sesquiterpenes and polyacetylenic compounds ranking it among the highly commercial essential oils worldwide. This calls for many research studies in different fields as extensive biological studies on the essential oil components of this plant can greatly help determine and standardize its quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Investigation of the Nutritional Potential of some Rangeland Plants Species by in vitro Gas Production and Fermentation Parameters in Torbat-e Jam, Iran: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression
E. Ibrahimi Khoram Abadi M. Kazemi -
Open Access Article
50 - ارزیابی پیش از اجرای پروژه احیاء مرتع طرح مدیریت یکپارچه منابع طبیعی منطقه شمال آفریقا و خاورمیانه در ایران
حبیب شهبازی حمیدرضا علیپور اکرم عباسی فرهدف از برنامه مدیریت یکپارچه منابع طبیعی در خاورمیانه و شمال آفریقا (منارید)، سرمایهگذاری ملی در پروژههایی در زمینه مدیریت یکپارچه منابع طبیعی است. مطالعه ارزیابی اثر در حقیقت آزمون میکند که آیا فناوری منتخب اثر معنیداری بر حفظ و نگهداری عملکرد اکوسیستم و بهرهوری د Moreهدف از برنامه مدیریت یکپارچه منابع طبیعی در خاورمیانه و شمال آفریقا (منارید)، سرمایهگذاری ملی در پروژههایی در زمینه مدیریت یکپارچه منابع طبیعی است. مطالعه ارزیابی اثر در حقیقت آزمون میکند که آیا فناوری منتخب اثر معنیداری بر حفظ و نگهداری عملکرد اکوسیستم و بهرهوری دارد یا خیر. همچنین آزمون میکند که آیا رفاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی جامعه هدف افزایش یافته است یا خیر. ما روستای کمکوئیه در شهرستان بهاباد استان یزد را انتخاب کردیم که در آن گروه توسعه روستایی با مشارکت روستاییان و ظرفیتهای روستا (مانند سازوکار اعتبارات خرد) بنانهاده شده است. مجموعهای از فعالیتهای مکمل در این سایت بوسیله مشاوران و مشارکتکنندگان فعال در جامعه محلی و بهرهبردارن پیشنهاد و اجرا شده است. یکی از آنها پروژه احیاء مراتع ست. منافع و هزینههای انتظاری این پروژه با ارزیابیهای مالی و اجتماعی پیشاز اجرا پیشبینی شده است. نسبت منافع به هزینهها مالی و اجتماعی این پروژه تقریباً 97/0 و 15/2 برآورد شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Investigating the Effect of Green Nanoparticles of Silver (AgNPs) and Gibberellic Acid (GA) on Some Morphophysiological and Germination Characteristics of (Astragalus Gossypinus Fisher)
Reza Dehghani BidgoliFor this purpose, this study was carried out with the aim of the best treatment for breaking the dormancy and improving the germination characteristics of white currant seed under the influence of various chemical and physical treatments. (Astraglus gossypinus) Fisher. MoreFor this purpose, this study was carried out with the aim of the best treatment for breaking the dormancy and improving the germination characteristics of white currant seed under the influence of various chemical and physical treatments. (Astraglus gossypinus) Fisher. Is one of the most valuable and productive plants of the highest quality gum, which is very important in protecting the soil and economy of the country. In order to investigate the effect of silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) and Gibberellic acid (GA) on (Astraglus gossypinus) germination, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replications in 1397. Experimental treatments consisted of priming with gibberellic acid in 4 levels (0 as control, 100, 150 and 300 ppm) and silver nanoparticles in 4 levels (0 as control, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 W/V) for 4 hours at 25 ° C. The results of the experiments showed that gibberellic acid, silver nanoparticles, and interactions of treatments at 1% probability level on all studied traits including germination percentage, root length, stem length, germination coefficient, and relative water content, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll were significant. Also, the use of 100 ppm gibberellic acid increased the root length by 25%, but with increasing gibberellic acid concentration, root and shoot length decreased compared to control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Assessment of Drought Severity Using Vegetation Temperature Condition Index (VTCI) and Terra/MODIS Satellite Data in Rangelands of Markazi Province, Iran
Ali Akbar Damavandi Mohammad Rahimi Mohammad Reza Yazdani Ali Akbar Noroozi -
Open Access Article
53 - Patch Enclosure and Localized Effects of Selected Acacia Species on Herbaceous Richness and Soil Properties of Rangelands in Somali Regional State in Ethiopia
Buli Tasisa Sileshi Nemomissa -
Open Access Article
54 - Rangeland Restoration Analysis on the South Slope of Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Northeast Libya
Adel Mahmoud Mohd Bin Ismail Mohamad Alias Alias Sood -
Open Access Article
55 - Effect of Micro-Catchment on indices of Rangeland Health Using Landscape Function Analysis Method
mohaddeseh arab sarbizhan Mahdieh Ebrahimi Majid Ajorlo -
Open Access Article
56 - Evaluating effectiveness of rangeland management cooperatives in Gonbad city, Iran
mahjoobeh mohammadzadeh MohammadSharif Sharifzadeh Gholamhossein Abdollahzadeh Yazmorad Gharavi -
Open Access Article
57 - Study the Effects of Range Management Plans on Vegetation of Summer Rangelands of Mazandaran Province, Iran
Nemtollah Kohestani Hassan Yeganeh -
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58 - Studying the Relationship between Environmental Factors, Runoff Characteristics and Infiltration Depth Using Rainfall Simulator in Northwestern Rangelands of Iran
Sedigheh Mohamadi -
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59 - Changes in Soil Properties by Harvester Ant's Activity (Messor spp.) in Roodshoor Steppe Rangeland of Saveh, Iran
Mahsa Ghobadi Mohammad Mahdavi DONAT AGOSTI -
Open Access Article
60 - Dust Particles and Aerosols: Impact on Biota “A Review” (Part III)
Victor R Squires Elahe Karami -
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61 - Determination of Best Supervised Classification Algorithm for Land Use Maps using Satellite Images (Case Study: Baft, Kerman Province, Iran)
Sedigheh Mohamadi -
Open Access Article
62 - Impacts of Rangeland Reclamation and Management on Carbon Stock in North East of Iran (Case Study: Kardeh Basin, Mashhad, Iran)
Somayeh Naseri Hossein Tavakoli Mohammad Jafari Hossein Arzani -
Open Access Article
63 - Socio-economic Factors Affecting Acceptance of Livestock and Rangelands Insurance (Case Study: Agh Ghala county, Golestan Province, Iran)
Mehdi Foladizada Hossein Barani Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani Hamid Mostafaloo -
Open Access Article
64 - Forage Quality of Salsola turcomanica (Litv) in Semi-arid Region of Gomishan, Golestan Province, Iran
Armin Arrekhi Hamid Niknahad Gharmakher Johann Bachinger Ralf Bloch Johannes Hufnagel -
Open Access Article
65 - Effects of Exclosure on Soil Properties in Winter Rangelands in Golestan Province, Iran
Hamid Niknahad Gharmakher Esmaeil Sheidai-Karkaj Isa Jafari -
Open Access Article
66 - Efficiency of Spectral Indices Derived from Landsat-8 Images of Maharloo Lake and Its Surrounding Rangelands
Hamid Reza Matinfar Vahid Zandie -
Open Access Article
67 - Semi-Circular Bunds Effect on Restoration of Plant Vegetation and Soil Properties in Koteh Rangeland, Sistan and Baloochestan Province, Iran
Hamideh Khosravi Mahdieh Ebrahimi Masood Rigi -
Open Access Article
68 - The Effects of Climatic Parameters on Vegetation Cover and Forage Production of Four Grass Species in Semi-steppe Rangelands in Mazandaran Province, Iran
Mina Bayat Hossein Arzani Adel Jalili Saeedeh Nateghi -
Open Access Article
69 - Using SWAT Model to Investigate the Impact of Rangeland Management Practices on Water Conservation (Case Study: Gorganroud Watershed, Golestan, Iran)
Mohadeseh Zadsar Mojgansadat Azimi -
Open Access Article
70 - Determining the Preference Value of Perennial Grasses Using Preference Index and Sheep Grazing Time Methods in Grasslands of the Middle Alborz, Iran
Saeed Rashvand Hassan Yeganeh Fazel Amiri -
Open Access Article
71 - Soil Moisture Estimation in Rangelands Using Remote Sensing (Case Study: Malayer, West of Iran)
Hamid Nouri Muhammad Faramarzi -
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72 - Ecological Restoration, Global Challenges, Social Aspects and Environmental Benefits
Elaha Karami -
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73 - The Effects of Deferred Grazing System on Vegetation Parameters in Semi-Arid Rangelands (Case Study: Jashlubar, Semnan, Iran)
Mojgansadat Azimi Moslem Mozafari -
Open Access Article
74 - Ecological Drivers of Ecosystem Diversity in Sahelian Rangeland of Niger
SOUMANA Idrissa Boubacar M. Moussa Youssoufa Issiaka Ali Mahamane Ambouta J.M. Karimou Mahamane Saadou -
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75 - Investigating Effects of a Prescribed Spring Fire on Symbiosis between Mycorrhiza Fungi and Range Plant Species
Jalil Ahmadi Mohammad Farzam Amir Lagzian -
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76 - Comparative Assessment of Gully Erosion and Sediment Yield in Different Rangelands and Agricultural Areas in Ghasr-e-Shirin, Kermanshah, Iran
Khosrw Shahbazi Ali Salajagheh Mohammad Jafari Hassan Ahmadi Aliakbar Nazarisamani Mohammad Khosrowshahi -
Open Access Article
77 - A Conceptual Model on Relationship between Structure and Functions in Rangeland Ecosystems
Amir Ahmadpour Gholam Ali Heshmati Ramtin Joolaie -
Open Access Article
78 - Factors Affecting Herders Migration Time to Summer Rangelands (Case Study: Kouhdasht Rangelands, Lorestan Province, Iran)
Samira Hajipuor Hossein Barani Hassan Yeganeh Ahmad Abdei Sarvestani -
Open Access Article
79 - Change of Species Diversity in Vascular Plants Across Ecological Species Groups
Hossein Naderi Mohsen Sharafatmandrad -
Open Access Article
80 - Factors Affecting Structure, Conduct and Performance of Livestock Markets in Butana Area, Sudan
Hala Ahmed Hassan Mohammed Abdelaziz Abdelfattah Hashim Babo Fadlalla Siegfried Bauer Sahar Ezzat -
Open Access Article
81 - Mapping Natural Resources Vulnerability to Droughts Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making and GIS (Case Study: Kashkan Basin Lorestan Province, Iran)
Elyas Khezri Rahim Maleknia Hossein Zeinivand Ziaodin Badehin -
Open Access Article
82 - PROFESSOR KARIM SAEI
Hossein Badripour -
Open Access Article
83 - Investigating the Effects of Different Harvesting Intensities on Forage Production in Sahand Rangelands of Eastern Azerbaijan Province, Iran
Mohammad Reza Najibzadeh Mina Bayat Saeedeh Nateghi Mohammad Hasan Pezeshki -
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84 - Determining Timely Entry and Exit of Livestock in Rangelands Using Bromus tomentellus Phenological Stages (Case Study: Goorab Rangeland of Isfahan)
Maryam Gholami Mostafa Saeedfar -
Open Access Article
85 - ENG. HADI HOSSEINI ARAGHI
Ehsan Zandi -
Open Access Article
86 - Indicator Species for Rangeland Management by Anp-Dematel method (Case Study: Nahavand Rangeland)
Marziye Asgari Armin Mashayekhan Ali Ariapour -
Open Access Article
87 - FULL PROFESSOR MANSOUR MESDAGHI
Elaha Karami -
Open Access Article
88 - Soil Organic Carbon Content and Stocks in Relation to Grazing Management in Semi-Arid Grasslands of Kenya
Hillary Rotich Richard Onwonga Judith Mbau Oscar Koech -
Open Access Article
89 - Role of Plant Species and Ecological Patches in Conserving and Fixing Natural Landsʹ Soil Using Landscape Functional Analysis (LFA) (Case Study: Dehbar Rangeland, Torghabeh, Mashhad, Iran)
Reyhaneh Azimi Gholam Ali Heshmati mohamad kia kianian samira hossein jafari Dawood Zakeri -
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90 - Economic Evaluation of Shallot Utilization in Varnasa Rangeland, Naghadeh, Iran
Javad Motamedi Morteza Mofidi Chelan Saeed Rahmanpour Mahshid Souri -
Open Access Article
91 - Comparing Different Modeling Techniques for Predicting Presence-absence of Some Dominant Plant Species in Mountain Rangelands, Mazandaran Province
Mansoureh Kargar Davod Akhzari Amir Saadatfar -
Open Access Article
92 - PROFESSOR MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN HAKIMI MEIBODY
Motahareh Esfandyari -
Open Access Article
93 - Ecological Effects of Climate Factors on Rangeland Vegetation (Case Study: Polour Rangelands)
Diana Askarizadeh Hossein Arzani -
Open Access Article
94 - A Review on Bush Encroachment Effect on Cattle Rearing in Rangelands
Shimels Ali Getachew Muche -
Open Access Article
95 - Climate Change Implications on the Rangelands Condition in West Guji and Borana Zones, Southern Ethiopia
Tesfaye Dejene Gemedo Dalle Teshale Woldeamanuel Muluken Mekuyie -
Open Access Article
96 - Effects of Sowing Season and Method on Seedling Emergence and Survivor Rate of Vicia variabilis in Kermanshah Province, Iran
Mohammad Gheitury Mosayeb Heshmati Mohammad Fayaz Yahya Parvizi Hoshmand Safari -
Open Access Article
97 - Comparative Study of Species Diversity in different Land Use Units of the Borana Lowlands, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia
Gemedo Dalle -
Open Access Article
98 - Projected Changes in Soil Organic Carbon Stocks over a 50-Year Period under Different Grazing Management Systems in Semi-Arid Grasslands of Kenya
Hillary Rotich Richard Onwonga Oscar Koech Judith Mbau -
Open Access Article
99 - Resting Impact on Vegetation Cover of Fescue-Forbs Rangeland in Mongolia
Otgontuya Lkhagvajav Lkhagvajav Namdag Munkhbat Chimed -
Open Access Article
100 - Optimum Seed Rate for Vigna sun-hum (Tagtaga) for Rangeland Rehabilitation in Sandy Soil of North Kordofan
Ahmed M. M. Lazim Elnazir M. Daw-elbait Sahar Ezzat Salih. A. Elsheikh -
Open Access Article
101 - Forage Quality of Salsola yazdiana and S. tomentosa in Different Growth Stages in Saline Desert of Yazd Province, Iran
Mostafa Zare Ehsan Zandi Ardavan Ghorbani -
Open Access Article
102 - Social Responsibility and Rangelands Conservation: An Investigation on Mobile Pastoralists in Golestan Province, Iran
Bahareh Behmanesh Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani Hossein Barani Mohammad Reza Shahraki Majid Mohammad Esmaeili -
Open Access Article
103 - Nutritive Value of Some Rangeland Plants Compared to Medicago sativa
Mohsen Kazemi Reza Valizadeh -
Open Access Article
104 - The Landscape as a Unit for Rangeland Inventory in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Iran
Mansoor Mesdaghi -
Open Access Article
105 - Investigation of Climatic Parameters Affecting Annual Forage Production in BidAlam rangeland, Abadeh, Fars Province, Iran
Hossein Arzani Eshagh Omidvar Saeed Mohtashamnia Seyed akbar Javadi Mohammad Jafary -
Open Access Article
106 - Causes and Effects of Rangeland Degradation in the Lowland Districts of the Bale Eco-Region, Ethiopia
Aliyi Jarso -
Open Access Article
107 - Investigation of Relationship between Precipitation and Temperature with Range Production of Grasslands in North and North-east of Iran
Nafiseh Fakhar Izadi Kamal Naseri Mansoor Mesdaghi -
Open Access Article
108 - Impact of Regional Rangeland Cover Degradation on Increasing Dusty Days in West of Iran
Hamid Nouri mohamad faramarzi seyed hadi sadeghi -
Open Access Article
109 - Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen in Himalayan Rangeland of Eastern Nepal: A Comparison between Grazed and Non-grazed Rangelands
Dil Limbu Madan Koirala ZhanHuan Shang -
Open Access Article
110 - Professor Dana Kelly, President of the International Grassland and Rangelands Committee
Journal of Rangeland Science Admin -
Open Access Article
111 - Changes in Vegetation and Soil Characteristics of Steppe and Semi-Steppe Rangelands under Impact of Solar Power Plant in Absard and Shahrerey, Iran
Mahshid Souri Nadia kamali -
Open Access Article
112 - Use of Medicinal Species as an Ecological Indicator for Interpreting Changes in Rangeland Status (Case Study: Javaherdeh Rangelands of Ramsar)
Tina Salarian Hossein Arzani Mohammad Hasan Jouri Mohammad Jafari -
Open Access Article
113 - The Effect of Soil Moisture and Climatic Index of Evapotranspiration on Forage Production in Rangelands of Dehsir, Yazd province, Iran
Elham Fakhimi Hossein Arzani -
Open Access Article
114 - Economic Value of Morocco Oued Beht Watershed Rangeland Habitats in terms of Forage Production
Ismaili Hassana Elasri Bouchra Ghazi Souad Ziri Rabea Brhadda Najiba -
Open Access Article
115 - Prioritization of Rangeland Species Functions with Emphasis on Indigenous Knowledge of Range Holders (Case study: Titoeieh Area in Baft Township, Kerman, Iran)
Hossein Arzani Nahid Hamzehnejad Reza Bagheri Seyed Akbar Javadi -
Open Access Article
116 - Determination of the Potential Habitat of Range Plant Species Using Maximum Entropy Method
Fatemeh Palashi Hossein Piri Sahragard Majid Ajorlo -
Open Access Article
117 - The Response of Topsoil Properties and Nitrogen Transformation to Land Cover in a Semi-arid Rangeland (Case Study: Kojur Rangeland in Mazandaran Province, Iran)
Nastaran Armat Ghasem Ali Dianati Tilaki Yahya Kooch -
Open Access Article
118 - Competition on Rangelands Utilizations Conflict Source among Users in Semi – Arid Areas at Eldebeibat, South Kordofan State–Sudan
Abdelrahim Abdelrahim Ibrahim Galal Fashir -
Open Access Article
119 - Effectiveness of Range Management Plans in Middle Zagros Region from Viewpoint of Rangeland Experts
Mehrdad Baharvandi Nourollah Abdi Abbas Ahmadi Hamid Toranjzar Saeed Gholamrezai -
Open Access Article
120 - Impact of Bush Encroachment Control on Rangeland Vegetation in the Rangelands of Bale, Southeastern Ethiopia
Mahammed Abdullahi Abdunaser Birka -
Open Access Article
121 - The Ecological Factors Effecting the Distribution of Artemisia melanolepis Boiss. in Southeast of Sabalan Mt., Iran
Ardavan Ghorbani Maryam Molaei ShamAsbi -
Open Access Article
122 - Influence of Climatic Factors on Forage Production and Vegetation Cover of Iran's Upland Rangeland (Jashloobar Rangeland, Semnan Province)
Somayeh Naseri Behrooz Arastoo Tahereh Parvaneh -
Open Access Article
123 - Evaluation of Meteorological Factors in Estimating Forage Production in Steppe and Semi-steppe Rangelands of Iran
Hossein Arzani Zahra Mansouri Aliraza Moghaddamnia Javad Motamedi Shahram Khalighi Sigaroudi -
Open Access Article
124 - Effects of Sowing Season and Cultivation Method on Vegetative Traits and Establishment of Astragalus lilacinus in Ardebil Province, Iran
Alireza Eftekhari Jaber Sharifi Ehsan Zandi Effahan -
Open Access Article
125 - Characterization of Rangeland Watershed of the Semi-arid Rangelands, Southeast Ethiopia
Mahammed Abdullahi Abdulnaser Yonus -
Open Access Article
126 - The Foraging Ecology of Nguni and Brahman Cattle under Different Management Systems in High-altitude Grasslands of South Africa
Phumlile Simelane Julie Shapiro Thembs' Alilahlwa A. M. Mahlaba Robert McCleery Duncan MacFadyen Ara Monadjem -
Open Access Article
127 - Correlations between Some Vegetation Attributes and Soil Physicochemical Properties at Selected Wet Season Grazing Sites Central Sudan
Abdelrahim Elbalola Ibrahim Yousef Ahmed Elshikh -
Open Access Article
128 - Effect of Environmental and Managerial Factors on Range Condition in Semi-Arid Mountainous Area of Chahar Bagh in Northeastern Iran
Khosro Shahidi Hamedani Ali Tavili Seyed Akbar Javadi Mohammad Jafary Mohammad Tahmoures -
Open Access Article
129 - Prediction of Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) in Semi-Arid Rangeland Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis based on Remotely Sensing Data (Case study: Neyshabur Rangeland, Khorasan-Razavi Province, Iran)
Hamid Reza Matinfar Ahmad Reza Pilevari Akbar Sohrabi -
Open Access Article
130 - What Drives Ranchers’ Intention to Conserve Rangelands: The Role of Environmental Concern (A Case Study of Angoshteh Watershed in Borujerd County, Iran)
Saeid Karimi Amir Saghaleini -
Open Access Article
131 - Prioritizing Impact of Economic, Social and Ecological Factors on Sustainable Range Management (Case study: Semi-Arid Rangelands of Kerman Province, Iran)
Najmeh Faryabi Hossein Arzani Seyed akbar Javadi Mohammad Jafary Mehdi Farahpour -
Open Access Article
132 - Assessment of Fire Effect on Water Balance Components under Different Land Uses in Central Zagros Rangelands, Iran
Khodayar Abdollahi Ali Asghar Naghipour-Borj Samira Bayati Zahra Eslami Forrest Weston Black -
Open Access Article
133 - Effects of Grazing Management on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Southern Rangelands of Kenya
Hillary Rotich Oscar Koech Richard Onwonga Judith Mbau -
Open Access Article
134 - The effect of fire on the structural and functional characteristics of vegetation (case study: Astragalus spp. habitat of Kabodeh, Kermanshah)
Borzou Yousefi Mohammad Gheitury Mosayeb Heshmati Reza Siahmansour -
Open Access Article
135 - Effects of Organic Mulches on Soil Properties and Growth Attributes of Caper (Capparis spinosa L.) for Cultivation in the Coastal Rangelands of Southern Iran
Saeid Rabani Kourosh Ordookhani Farshid Aref Mahdi Zare Shahram Sharafzadeh -
Open Access Article
136 - Nomads’ Perceptions on Nomadic Rangeland Management in Two Provinces of Iran (An Application of Grounded Theory)
Ali Mohebbi Rosemary Black Zahra Farzizadeh Mahdi Ramezani Rostam Khalifehzadeh -
Open Access Article
137 - Prediction of Climatic Ecological Nest of Artemisia aucheri Boiss in the Capital of Iran Based on Modeling
Mahshid Souri Morteza khodagholi Saeedeh Nateghi Nadia kamali Parvane Ashouri Razieh Saboohi -
Open Access Article
138 - Determining Ecological Thresholds in Saline Habitats on Western Shore of Lake Urmia, Iran
Javad Motamedi Esmaeil Sheidai-Karkaj -
Open Access Article
139 - Determination of Rangeland Grazing Suitability Model by GIS (Case Study: Sarab Sefid Basin, Lorestan, Iran)
Ali AriapourLivestock grazing in unsuitable land has increasingly grown in most part of rangelands of Iran due to population growth. It causes many irreparable damages such as soil erosion, water loss, and wealth loss. Therefore, it is important to identify the best suitable land f MoreLivestock grazing in unsuitable land has increasingly grown in most part of rangelands of Iran due to population growth. It causes many irreparable damages such as soil erosion, water loss, and wealth loss. Therefore, it is important to identify the best suitable land for livestock grazing. Land suitability for livestock grazing affects by many ecosystem components but due to time and funding restrictions, the most important and feasible elements were investigated. This paper adapted the schematic model based on the concepts presented by the FAO suitability analysis for livestock grazing in Sarab Sefid Borujerd rangeland of Iran. Significant needed factors to livestock grazing such as forage; soil and water which were in sub-models were determined and incorporated into the final model of rangeland grazing suitability. Some important maps include such as: DEM, slope, aspect, range condition, range trend, forage, soil erosion, water sources used as input data. Three sub models including water accessibility, forage production and erosion sensitivity were considered. The most adaptation of Suitability occurs for class (Good) S1, (Medium) S2, (Poor) S3 and (Non-suitable) N respectively using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). First of all, the complete raster layers valued and ranked by FAO method for each factor then integrated by overlays intersected command. Results show that according to 16 types of vegetation cover there was no each of them in S1 class, 3088.75 ha S2, 1892.63 ha S3 and 882.85 ha were N class. Also result determined that there is no limitation of water resource in total rangeland and the most and main important factors effect on suitability are soil erosion and slope due to mountainous area. According to the field data and comparing with the study data it can/is possible to conclude GIS technique is fast and accurate to monitoring and determining of suit abilities of rangelands. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Investigation of the Nutritional Potential of a Pasture Plant Species (Cyperus rotundus L.) at Different Growth Stages Under In Vitro and Standard Laboratory Studies
Mohsen Kazemi -
Open Access Article
141 - Changes in Species Diversity and Functional Diversity of Vegetation under Different Grazing Intensities in Changizchal Rangelands, Mazandaran Province, Iran
Mansoureh Kargar Majid Sadeghinia Sara Farazmand -
Open Access Article
142 - Application of 24-epibrassinolide as an Environmentally Friendly Strategy Alleviates Negative Effects of Salinity Stress in Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad
Amir Saadatfar Samira Hossein Jafari -
Open Access Article
143 - Modeling Potential Habitats for Gymnocarpus decander Using Multivariate Statistical Methods and Logistic Regression (Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province)
Masome Narouei Seyed Akbar Javadi Morteza Khodagholi Mohammad Jafary Reza Azizinezhad -
Open Access Article
144 - Effects of Fire on Vegetation Cover and Forage Production of Solan Rangeland in Hamadan Province, Iran
Ghasem Asadian Zahra Azimnejad Mohammad Reza Bakhtiari -
Open Access Article
145 - Rangeland Biodiversity: Status, Challenges and Opportunities Review
Teshome Gemechu Chawicha Gemedo Dalle Tussie -
Open Access Article
146 - Indigenous Rangeland Management Systems on Carbon Sequestration in Semi-arid Areas of Eastern Ethiopia
Ahmed Mohammed Kassa Retta Mekete Tahir Abebe Fereja -
Open Access Article
147 - Effects of Planting Date and Biofertilizer on Seedling Growth of Thymus daenensis Celak and T. vulgaris L. Cultivated in Borujerd, Iran
Sajad Shams Beyranvand Mohammad Farzam Ali Ariapour Jafar Nabati -
Open Access Article
148 - The use of modified and unmodified digital cameras to monitor small-scale savannah rangeland vegetation.
Thabang Maphanga -
Open Access Article
149 - Effects of Phenological Stages on Yield and Quality Traits of Three Halophyte Plant Species as Forage Sources and Combating Desertification in Khuzestan Province, Iran
Kourosh Behnamfar Ehsan Zandi Esfahan Ali Ashraf Jaffari -
Open Access Article
150 - Studying Short-Time Dynamics of Vegetation and Soil Organic Carbon in a Semi-arid Rangeland (Case Study: Zharf, Khorasan Province, Iran)
Mohamad Taghi Kashki Amr Ali Shahmoradi Ehsan Zandi Esfahan -
Open Access Article
151 - The Study of Diversity Indices of Plants Species Using SHE Method (Case Study: Javaherdeh Rangelands, Ramsar, Iran)
Tina Salarian Mohammad Hassan Jouri Diana Askarizadeh Mahdieh Mahmoudi -
Open Access Article
152 - Assessment of Range Health Changes in Zagros Semi-Arid Rangelands, Iran (Case Study: Chalghafa- Semirom-Isfahan)
Ezatollah Moradi Gholam Ali Heshmati Ali Hosein Bahramian -
Open Access Article
153 - Investigating the Effects of Soil Factors on Biodiversity in Plant Communities of Karvan Rangeland (Case Study: Isfahan Province, Iran)
Habib Yazdanshenas Mohammad jafari Hossein Azarnivand Hossein Arzani Malihe Nasiri -
Open Access Article
154 - Capability Investigation of Carbon Sequestration in Two Species (Artemisia sieberi Besser and Stipa barbata Desf.) Under Different Treatments of Vegetation Management (Saveh, Iran)
M. Alizadeh M. Mahdavi M. H. Jouri -
Open Access Article
155 - Investigation of Plant Diversity in Middle Rangelands of Taleghan by Using BIO-DAP
F. Fahimipoor M. A. Zare Chahouki M. Jafari M. Goldansaz Z. Mohhebi -
Open Access Article
156 - Relationship between Some Environmental Factors with Distribution of Medicinal Plants in Ghorkhud Protected Region, Northern Khorasan Province, Iran
Mousa Akbarlou Negin Nodehi -
Open Access Article
157 - Comparison of Seed Bed Preparation Methods on Seedling Emergence Rate in Six Range Species in Khash Rangelands of Iran
A. A. Ameri A. A. Sanadgol -
Open Access Article
158 - Study on the Environmental Factors Contributing to Distribution of Thymus kotschyanus in Taleghan Basin, Iran
Leila Darvishi Mohammad Ali Zare Chahouki Mohammad Jafari Hussein Azarnivand Majid Yousefi Valikchali -
Open Access Article
159 - Assessment of the Effects of Overgrazing on the Soil Physical Characteristic and Vegetation Cover Changes in Rangelands of Hosainabad in Kurdistan Province, Iran
H. Azarnivand A. Farajollahi E. Bandak H. Pouzesh -
Open Access Article
160 - Investigation of Rangeland Changes Based on Landscape Metrics Analysis (Case Study: Kezab Rangelands, Yazd Province, Iran)
Mahdi Tazeh -
Open Access Article
161 - Studying the sffects of Grazing Capacity and Rangeland Conditions on Occurrence of Landslide in Subalpine Grassland (Case Study: Rangeland of Masoleh Watershed)
Mona Fakhre Ghazi Mohammad Hasan Jouri Vahid Gholami -
Open Access Article
162 - Effects of Grazing Exclusion on Plant Productivity and Carbon Sequestration (Case Study: Gomishan Rangelands, Golestan Province, Iran)
Hamid Niknahad Gharmakher Isa Jafari Foutami Arezou Sharifi -
Open Access Article
163 - Identifying Rangeland Development and Restoration Operations Targets (Case Study: Hossein Abad Bazoft Basin, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran)
Azadeh Afrigan Mohammad Jafari Sara Jamalpour Arghavan Shahlayie -
Open Access Article
164 - Effects of Seed Scarification on Vegetation Parameters in Some Astragalus Species under Field Conditions (Case Study: Homand Absard, Damavand, Iran)
Sedigheh Zarekia Ali Ashraf Jafari Ehsan Zandi Esfahan -
Open Access Article
165 - Analyzing Effective Factors on Rangeland Exploitation by Using A'WOT (Case Study: Aq Qala Rangelands, Golestan, Iran)
Abolfazl Sharifiyan Bahraman Hossein Barani Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani Abolfazl Haji Mollahoseini -
Open Access Article
166 - Water Resources Suitability Model by Using GIS (Case Study: Borujerd Rangeland, Sarab Sefid)
Ali Ariapour Moslem Hadidi Kolsoum Karami Fazel Amiri -
Open Access Article
167 - Effects of Salinity on Seedling Growth and Physiological Traits of Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria zizanioides Stapf)
Davoud Akhzari, Alireza Ildoromi Maryam Dashti Marvili -
Open Access Article
168 - Investigation of Stability and Relationships between Species Diversity Indices and Topographical Factors (Case Study: Ghorkhud Mountainous Rangeland, Northern Khorasan Province, Iran)
Negin Nodehi Mousa Akbarlou Adel Sepehry Hasan Vahid -
Open Access Article
169 - Preference Value Evaluation of Rangeland Plant Species for Kaboudeh Sheep
Reza Erfanzadeh Moharam Ashrafzadeh Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini Kahnuj Arezu Alizadeh -
Open Access Article
170 - Plant Species and Functional Types’ Diversity in Relation to Grazing in Arid and Semi-arid Rangelands, Khabr National Park, Iran
Mohsen Sharafatmandrad Adel Sepehry Hossein Barani -
Open Access Article
171 - Rangelands Goods and Services Local People Views and Priorities (Case Study: Hezarjarib Rangelands, Mazandaran Province, Iran)
Mohammad Reza Shahraki Naghmeh Gholami Baghi Mohsen Sharafatmandrad Bahareh Behmanesh -
Open Access Article
172 - Effects of Shrub Canopy on the Microclimate and Soil Properties of Steppe Rangeland
Tahereh Sadeghi Shahrakht Mohammad Jankju Mansour Mesdaghi -
Open Access Article
173 - Relationships Among Forage and Litter Production in Three Grazing Intensities in Nodooshan Rangeland (Yazd, Iran)
E. Fakhimi M. Mesdaghi Gh.A. Dianati Tilaki M. Tavan -
Open Access Article
174 - Effects of Super-Absorbent Polymers (SAPs) Plus Manure Treatments on Vegetation Cover and Soil Nutrients of Festuca ovina under Drought Stress
Mahshid Souri Javad Motamedi -
Open Access Article
175 - Effects of Rangeland Restoration (Contour Furrows, and Mortar Stone Dam) on Soil Fertilization (Case Study: Silvana Region, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran)
Mahshid Souri Seyedeh Khadijeh Mahdavi Sahra Tarverdizadeh Sankari -
Open Access Article
176 - Investigation of Changes in Rangeland Vegetation Regarding Different Slopes, Elevation and Geographical Aspects (Case Study: Yazi Rangeland, Noor County, Iran)
Hamid Reza Saeedi Goraghani Mojtaba Solaimani Sardo Nabi Azizi Ali Azareh Sara Heshmati -
Open Access Article
177 - Statistical Downscaling HadCM3 Model for Detection and Perdiction of Seasonal Climatic Variations (Case Study: Khabr Rangeland, Kerman, Iran)
Amir Saadatfar Hossein Barani Abdol Reza Bahremand Ali Reza Massah Bavani Adel Sepehry Ahmad Abedi Servestani -
Open Access Article
178 - Effects of Harvester Ants’ Nest Activity (Messor spp.) on Structure and Function of Plant Community in a Steppe Rangeland (Case Study: Roodshoor, Saveh, Iran)
Mahsa Ghobadi Donat Agosti Mohammad Mahdavi Mohammad Hassan Jouri -
Open Access Article
179 - Flora, Life Form and Chorology of Winter and Rural Range Plants in the Northern Khorasan Province, Iran
Mohammad Jankju Fereydoon Mellati Zohreh Atashgahi -
Open Access Article
180 - Estimating Plant Biomass by Using Non-Destructive Parameters in Arid Regions (Case Study: Inche-Broun Winter Rangelands, Golestan, Iran)
Naghmeh Gholami Baghi Adel Sepehri Hossein Barani Salman Abdol-Rasoul Mahini -
Open Access Article
181 - Rangeland Ecohydrology, New Paradigm in Water Management of Arid and Semi-arid Lands
Nasrin kolahchi Mohsen Mohseni Saravi Ali Tavili Mohammad Jafari Ghasem Assadian -
Open Access Article
182 - Assessment of Dust Impact on Rangeland and Livestock Production According to Ranchers Opinion (Case Study: Andimeshk District, Iran)
Abed Zeidali Hossein Barani Mohsen Hosseinali Zadeh -
Open Access Article
183 - Changes in Soil Organic Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Modified and Native Rangeland Communities (Case study: Sisab Rangelands, Bojnord)
Ali Asghar Naghipour Borj Maryam Haidarian Aghakhani Masoud Nasri Hadi Radnezhad -
Open Access Article
184 - Systemic Management of Mountainous Rangeland Ecosystem, Case Study: The Javaherdeh Rangeland of Ramsar
Mohammad Hassan Jouri Dina Askarizadeh Vahid Rahimi Mohammad Mahdavi -
Open Access Article
185 - Assessment of Health Conditions of Mountain Rangeland Ecosystem Using Species Diversity and Richness Indices, Case Study: Central Alborz (Iran)
Mohammad hasan Jouri Dnyan Patil Rivandra S. Gavali Nosrat Safaian Diana Askarizadeh -
Open Access Article
186 - Evaluation of Interception in Astragalus parrowianus, (Case Study: Gonbad Rangeland of Hamadan Province, Iran)
Nasrin Kolahchi Mohsen Mohseni Saravi Ali Tavili Mohammad Jafari Ghassem Assadian -
Open Access Article
187 - Effect of Three Operation Systems of Contour Furrow, Pitting and Enclousure on Rangeland Improvement (Case Study: Golestan Province, Iran)
Abdollah Chamani Manijeh Tavan Seid Ali Hoseini -
Open Access Article
188 - Comparison of Measurement Indices of Diversity, Richness, Dominance, and Evenness in Rangeland Ecosystem (Case Study: Jvaherdeh-Ramesar)
Negar Davari Mohammad Hassan Jouri Ali Ariapour -
Open Access Article
189 - Evaluation of Enclosure Effects on Soil Carbon Storage (Case Study: Rangeland of Shahtappeh-Chah Mahmood and Chiro in Semnan Province)
Maedeh Yousefian Khadijeh Mahdavi Mohammad Mahdavi Reza Tamartash -
Open Access Article
190 - Investigation of Fire Effects on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Soil in Golandaz Dehbekri Rangeland
Saed Shahrokhi Sarduo Reza Bagheri Hamzeh Ahmadi Fatemeh Mahdavi -
Open Access Article
191 - Determination of Soil Salinity in Frankenia hirsuta L. Habitat (Case Study: Saline and Alkaline Rangelands of Golestan Province)
Ghasem Ali Abarsaji Mohammad Mahdavi Mohammad Hassan Jouri -
Open Access Article
192 - Determination of Sodium Chloride in the Plant Species of Frankenia hirsuta L. in the Saline and Alkaline Rangelands of Golestan Province (A Case Study of Inche-Shorezar Rangeland)
Ghasem Ali Abarsaji Mohammad Mahdavi Mohammad Hassan Jouri -
Open Access Article
193 - Effect of Grazing Intensity on Soil Density of Inchehbroon Rangelands (Golestan province, Iran)
Seid Ali Hoseini Adel Sepehri Hossein Barani Abdolreza Bahremand Manijeh Tavan -
Open Access Article
194 - Multivariate Statistical Method for Assessing Livestock Grazing Effects on Soil and Vegetation in Steppe Rangelands (Case Study: Steppe Rangelands of Saveh)
Sedigheh Zare Kia Hossein Arzani Mohammad Jafari Seyyed Akbar Javadi Ali Ashraf Jafari -
Open Access Article
195 - Determining the Most Suitable Vegetation Index for Seperating Ecotone Boundaries in Arid Rangelands Using Satellite Data
Mahnoosh Pourhadi Saeed Mohtashamnia Mohammad Mahdavi -
Open Access Article
196 - Studying the effect of white saxaul (Haloxylon persicum) and fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canesces) plantation on soil physico-chemical properties in rangelands of Mallard-Zarandiyeh
Abbas Ahmadi Hamid Toranjzar Masoud Gomarian Sohrab PagnamehHaloxylon sp. and Atriplex sp. are among aridity and salt tolerant species which have been planted extensively in practices of combat desertification and arid and semi-arid rangelands reclamation, in recent decades. This study was performed in order to assessment of sax MoreHaloxylon sp. and Atriplex sp. are among aridity and salt tolerant species which have been planted extensively in practices of combat desertification and arid and semi-arid rangelands reclamation, in recent decades. This study was performed in order to assessment of saxaul and saltbush planting on soil properties in a part of desert rangelands of Mallard Zarandiyeh. Three sites included: control (natural rangeland), Atriplex canescens plantation and Haloxylon persicum plantation types with an area of five hectares for each of them. In each area, 20 plots along six 500 meters transects were located by randomized-sysematic methods for sampling. Soil samples were collected from two depth (0-30 and 30-60 cm) in control and treatment areas (Atriplex and Haloxylon planting) and Soil samples were physically and chemically analyzed in the laboratory for some variables such as: texture, EC, pH, organic carbon, Caco3, P, CA, Mg, N, K, Cl, Na and HCO3-. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. The results showed that except for acidity and silt (%), there were significant differences between Control area and treated areas (planted sites with Atriplex and Haloxylon) in soil variables. Also, Haloxylon pesicum has been caused the salinization and alkalization and calcification of surface soil, more than Atriplex canesces; but regarding to more adaptation, white saxaul seems to be more suitable plant to reclamation of such arid rangelands, as a native species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Investigation of the biomass changes of two species Bromus tomentellus and Festuca ovina (Case study: Alamout mountain rangelands-Ghazvin)
S. Rashvand حسن یگانهWithout knowing the characteristics and amount of forage plants in a rangeland during the grazing period, planning and management, and livestock grazing is not possible. So changes the production and consumption of important grasses was measured in the semi-steppe range MoreWithout knowing the characteristics and amount of forage plants in a rangeland during the grazing period, planning and management, and livestock grazing is not possible. So changes the production and consumption of important grasses was measured in the semi-steppe rangelands of Alamout mountain rangelands-Ghazvin. Every year the same number in the enclosure base and base outside the enclosure of the same species Bromus tomentellus Boiss. And Festuca ovina L. was chosen to investigate changes in production and consumption. In each month of the season forage production and consumption, 5 Base of each species harvested and transported to the laboratory separation in separate envelopes after air drying, dry weight difference inside and outside the enclosure, the calculation of forage produced and consumed at the site. Data from 1386 to 1389 (for four years), the combined analysis of variance was used in a completely randomized design. Analysis of variance results showed that the studied species the significant differences between years and months inventory is considered in terms of forage production and consumption of the species there. The consumption compared to the same species and time to peak strain it was also same between the months of operation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - An investigation on ecological characteristics of Ephedra major in Bojnourd Rangelands
Ali mohammad Asaadi Asghar Khoshnod yazdiThe aim of this research is to assess the ecological needs of Ephedra major as a medicinal and forage species and important for soil and water conservation in Rangelands of Bojnourd. In the site, the studies were done climatically characteristic, geology, stand type, co MoreThe aim of this research is to assess the ecological needs of Ephedra major as a medicinal and forage species and important for soil and water conservation in Rangelands of Bojnourd. In the site, the studies were done climatically characteristic, geology, stand type, co-dominant plant and vegetable variation, Estimating biomass, physical and chemical analyses of the soil. The results indicated that Ephedra major could be adapted for regions with semiarid- cold climate to altitude climate, annual rainfall average of 332.9 mm and annual temperature average of 9.82 c. Ephedra major have dispersed in north, south, east and west slope and altitude 1400- 2520 m of sea level in mountainous areas. The Soils physical and chemical analyses showed that the soil is very shallow with sandy-loom texture, Ph= 7.75, Ec= 55.88 µs/cm and lime. The stand type was Artemisia aucheri- Festuca ovina and the co-dominant plants were over 86 species. Average of canopy covers and density were 2.16 and 346 shrubs in hectare respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the variables of precipitation, saturation moisture percentage, pH, potassium, calcium and sand had significant correlations with the first axis and explained the 49.84% variation. For the second component, the percentage of organic matter and nitrogen were more important traits and explained the 27.94% variation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Investigating the monitoring and changes of plant indices in the semi-steppe rangelands of Khalil Beyg Arsanjan, Fars
seyed mohammad reza habibian alireza eftekhari mortaza khodagholi nadiya kamalirangeland monitoring is necessary in the sense of continuous investigation of these lands, considering the ecological importance, economic functions and constant changes of these resources. Based on this, monitoring of Khalil Beyg rangelands in Arsanjan city was done fo Morerangeland monitoring is necessary in the sense of continuous investigation of these lands, considering the ecological importance, economic functions and constant changes of these resources. Based on this, monitoring of Khalil Beyg rangelands in Arsanjan city was done for 2 years (2020 and 2021). The evaluated plant indices included the percentage of canopy cover of plant species, production rate of plant species, percentage of litter, stones and pebbles, bare soil, rangeland condition and trend. The results showed that the percentage of plant canopy cover ranged from 10.98% in 2020 to 15.5% in 2021 and the amount of production varied from 350.208 to 566.306 kg of dry matter per hectare. The range condition of the poor state has been investigated in two years and its trend was negative. Based on the results of the comparisons made using the independent t test, most of the plant canopy cover indices (vegetative forms and different palatable classes) and production indices (vegetative forms and different palatable classes) between the two The year of the survey period (2020 represents a wet year and 2021 represents a dry year) had a significant difference at the level of 1 and 5%. The results of Pearson's correlation test also showed that the amount of fall and winter precipitation, annual precipitation, average minimum temperature and average annual temperature had the highest correlation in the canopy cover and total production of plants in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - An investigation on ecological properties and range seeding of Thymus trautvetteri Klokov as a medicinal species (Case study: Rangeland of Godali Salakh area in Bojnourd)
Ali mohammad AsaadiThymus trautvetteri, belonging to Lamiaceae family, is one of the most important medicinal plant in Iran. It has many uses in food, health care, cosmetics and especially in pharmaceutical industries. In order, this plant ecological characteristic for introduce and dense MoreThymus trautvetteri, belonging to Lamiaceae family, is one of the most important medicinal plant in Iran. It has many uses in food, health care, cosmetics and especially in pharmaceutical industries. In order, this plant ecological characteristic for introduce and dense cultivation on dryland artificial revegetation. This study was executed in rangeland and dryland artificial revegetation from 2018 to 2021 in Bojnourd. In this habitat, different parameters such as climate characters, physical and chemical analysis of the soil were determined. Phenological stages and some plant characteristics such as product, density, canopy cover, plant height and root system were studied. The results indicated that this plant could be adapted for regions with annual rainfall average of 295 mm, annual temperature average of 11.28 c and semiarid- cold climate. The most habitats of Thymus trautvetteri have dispersed in North Slope directions and altitude 1200- 1900 m of sea level in mountainous areas. The soil texture of habitat is mainly sandy loam with the pH=7.8, EC=1.0 ds/m, OC= 2.0% and 27.3% lime. In the site and dryland artificial revegetation, Average of canopy covers and production were 9.29, 61.6% and 227.7, 2465.4 kg in hectare respectively. The results of Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that among environmental factors, sand, silt, organic matter, EC, gravel and Nitrogen had significant correlations with the first set of factors and explained the 28.8% of variation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - Determination of metabolizable energy and daily requirement of forage dry matter in maintenance condition for grazing sheep in siah palas rangeland (Study: Lar National Park)
Hadi Mansouri khah Mohammad Chamani Naser Karimi Ghobad Asgari Jafarabadi Kazem KarimiBeing aware of the animals` food requirement, the amount of available forage in the rangeland and forage quality is necessary as the first step in successful management of animals and rangeland. in this study, Animal unit weight equivalent, maintenance metabolizable ene MoreBeing aware of the animals` food requirement, the amount of available forage in the rangeland and forage quality is necessary as the first step in successful management of animals and rangeland. in this study, Animal unit weight equivalent, maintenance metabolizable energy and daily requirement of grazing sheep were studied. Therefore, determining the weight of various animals` classes grazing in the rangeland and their conversion factor regarding country`s animal unit is an essential issue. In this research, to determine the weight of various classes of Zandi sheep grazing in the Lar National Park rangelands of Siah Palas region in position 35 degrees and 54 minutes north latitude and 32 degrees and 52 minutes east longitude, three prevalent flocks of Zandi race were selected randomly and from each flock, 60 heads of animals including 20 heads of ewe ageing 3 years old, 20 heads of ewe aging 4 years old, 5 heads of ram aging 3 years old, 5 heads of ram aging 4 years old and 10 heads of lamb aging 3 months were signed and selected in two phases, one at the beginning of the season and the other at the end of season. Having utilized the mean weight of ewes aging 3 and 4 years, the weight of the sheep glazing in the studied region was estimated to be equal to 1.59±49.96 kg. Various kinds of forage being glazed by the sheep were identified and collected in this rangeland at the flowering stage on 05/06/2019. The mean percentage of CP, ADF, DMD and ME in every kg of dry forage for 41 plant samples equaled to 4.77±11.18, 39.19±7.89, 56.11±7.83, 7.58±1.26 mega joule, respectively. Daily metabolizable energy for maintenance condition of animal unit equation of this rangeland for 120 ewes, equaled to 10.54 ± 0.35 mega joule in a day and its daily need was estimated to be 1.38±0.04 kg based on the consumed dry material and considering the quality of the forage. Overall, being aware of daily food needs is necessary for the diet of animals. It should be considered in providing managerial designs. Manuscript profile