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Open Access Article
1 - Relationship between Laboratory Exposure to Crude Oil and Anti-oxidative Responses of Tetraclita Rufotincta Barnacles
Mojgan Emtyazjoo Lida Salimi Majid Zeinali Bahar SHahabi Maryam Ghasempour malekiIntroduction: Nowadays the destructive effects of oil pollutions that produced by different resourcesin waters and aquatic organisms have been defined with the intention of studying effects of crude oilin different concentration, on variations of anti-oxidant enzymes le MoreIntroduction: Nowadays the destructive effects of oil pollutions that produced by different resourcesin waters and aquatic organisms have been defined with the intention of studying effects of crude oilin different concentration, on variations of anti-oxidant enzymes level (SOD, CAT)in Tetraclitarufotincta and the possibility of introduce these enzymes as biomarkers.Metod: Barnacles Tetraclita rufotincta were sampled in Bahrekan region. Barnacles exposed to250ppb, 125ppb, 62.5ppb, 31.25ppb, 15.625ppb and 3ppb as a control, crude oil after 24,48,72 and 96h. 15 barnacles removed from aquarium in average. Animals were examined for levels of Antioxidantsenzymes (SOD, CAT) in their tissues.Results: this study detected that in aquarium 1, with 3ppb concentration, after 24,48,72 and 96 hSuperoxide dismutase(SOD) activities shown respectively 128/98, 30/04, 75/8, 62/05U/ml/mg protein.In aquarium 2 and 3, with 15.625ppb and 31.25ppb concentration, after the period mentioned,superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities shown respectively 104/45, 74/95, 13/57, 109U/ml/mg proteinand 69/96, 61/56, 60/5, 86/46 U/ml/mg protein. In aquarium 4 and 5, with 62.5ppb and 125ppbconcentration, after the mentioned period, Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities shown respectively98/79, 193/9, 42/75, 124/77 U/ml/mg protein and 69/22, 40/08, 81/86, 59/95U/ml/mg protein and inaquarium 6, with 250ppb concentration, after the mentioned period, Superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities shown respectively 62/11, 87/1, 20/71, 93/47U/ml/mg protein.The results also detected that in aquarium 1, with 3ppb concentration, after 24,48,72 and 96 h Catalase(CAT) activities shown respectively 13/29, 15/31, 15/5, 16/25 U/ml/mg protein. In aquarium 2 and 3,with 15.625ppb and 31.25ppb concentration, after the mentioned period, Catalase (CAT) activitiesshown respectively 13/03, 16/74, 13/65, 13/61U/ml/mg protein and 11/46, 16/54, 15/7, 13/58U/ml/mgprotein. In aquarium 4 and 5, with 62.5ppb and 125ppb concentration, after the mentioned period,Catalase (CAT) activities shown respectively 18/74, 11/86, 11/91, 16/22U/ml/mg protein and 21/1,1- PhD, Asst. Prof., Biology Dept, Islamic Azad University, Iran2- PhD, Instructor, Environment Pollution, Islamic Azad University, Iran3- PhD, Researcher, Biochemistry Dept, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Iran4- Department of Iranian offshore Oil company5- M. Sc, Marin Biology Dept, Islamic Azad University, IranAbstracts of Articles in EnglishJ.Env. Sci. Tech., Vol 17, No.1, Spring 201520415/8, 15/04, 39/22U/ml/mg protein and in aquarium 6, with 250ppb concentration, after the mentionedperiod, Catalase (CAT) activities shown respectively 15/54, 18/8, 15/81, 15/97U/ml/mg protein.Conclusion: There was no correlation between Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and differentconcentrations of crude oil, during the animals exposed to crude oil. It also detected that CAT enzymeis sensitive parameter than SOD and that could be useful biomarker for the evaluation of contaminatedaquatic ecosystems in Tetraclita rufotincta barnacles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Evaluation of morphological and biochemical traits in seedlings of four early and late potato cultivars in vitro
Farah Farahani Maliha Talebi Taher BarzegarObjective: Considering the importance of potato in the economy and human nutrition, the need to produce healthy seeds through tissue culture in order to increase the quality of the tuber and ultimately maintain the yield of the product is noticeable. In this regard, the MoreObjective: Considering the importance of potato in the economy and human nutrition, the need to produce healthy seeds through tissue culture in order to increase the quality of the tuber and ultimately maintain the yield of the product is noticeable. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the morphological and biochemical traits in the seedlings of four early and late potato cultivars under in vitro conditions.Materials and methods: Four commercial varieties of potato were cultivated as single-node microspecimens in MS culture medium without any plant growth regulators. Seedlings grew after 5 weeks. Seedlings were evaluated in terms of morphological traits (number of seedlings produced from one seedling, stem length, number of branches, nodes, roots and micro-gland) as well as biochemical traits (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid, anthocyanin, catalase enzyme activity and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity).Findings: In morphological traits, late cultivar Satina, number of seedlings and stem length, and early cultivar Sante showed more roots than other cultivars. In the study of biochemical traits, the late cultivar Agria was superior to other cultivars in terms of the amount of pigments and catalase enzyme.Conclusion: In the same vegetative conditions, different cultivars have different potential in vegetative and biochemical traits. The growth pattern of different genotypes is determined by the synthesis of food and different levels of internal hormones and the balance between them, and as a result, they give different responses to the conditions of the culture environment. The present study showed that in the same vegetative conditions, the early cultivars of Satina in terms of vegetative traits and Agria in terms of the amount of pigments can be selected for mass cultivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Effect of Rimsulfuron and Metribuzin Mixture on Weed Control and Antioxidant Enzyme of Potato
sanaz hanifezade erdi mohammad tagi alebrahim fakhari rasoulIn order to evaluate mixture of rimsulfuron (Titus) and metribuzin (Sencor) herbicides on weed control, yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) a factorial experiment conducted on the base of Randomized Complete Block Design in 3 replications and use of Agria cultivar of MoreIn order to evaluate mixture of rimsulfuron (Titus) and metribuzin (Sencor) herbicides on weed control, yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) a factorial experiment conducted on the base of Randomized Complete Block Design in 3 replications and use of Agria cultivar of potato in Research Field of Mohaghegh Ardabili University at 2016. The treatments consist of rimsulfuron herbicide in 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50 gr ai/ha and metribuzin in 0, 153.25, 306.50, 459.75 and 613 gr ai/ha for 5 herbicide mixture percentage (as: 0:613, 12.5:459.75, 25:306.50, 37.5:153.25 and 50:0) and the second factor was different time of application of this herbicides include (pre-plant and potato emergence). In order to results of experiment, use of rimsulfuron + metribuzin herbicide mixture improved the efficacy of each one of herbicides in weed control by means of lowering weed density. The results of stem yield and total yield of potato tuber showed that use of 306.50 gr ai/ha metribuzin + 25 gr ai/ha rimsulfuron in emergence stage induced 10.53% and 61.83% yield of stem and total yield in comparison to weedy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Evaluation of the effect of magnetic field, gibberellic acid hormone and temperature treatments on some physiological characteristics of Salva strawberry in Shiraz region
Mohammad Reza Zandi Abolhossein Aboutalebi Jahromi Behnam Behroznam Abdul Rasool ZakirinIn order to investigate the effect of gibberellic acid, magnetic field and temperature on strawberry, this research was conducted in form of split plot on based of randomiz completely design and treatments include gibberellic acid, magnetic field and temperature stress MoreIn order to investigate the effect of gibberellic acid, magnetic field and temperature on strawberry, this research was conducted in form of split plot on based of randomiz completely design and treatments include gibberellic acid, magnetic field and temperature stress in three levels. The results of analysis of variance of the data showed that the interaction effect on all studied traits was significant. The comparison of the averages showed that the highest amounts of chlorophyll a (14.95 mg of protein per minute) and total chlorophyll (28.54 mg of protein per minute) in the treatment of 100 mg/L gibberellic acid, magnetic field of 10 millitesla and temperature of 2 degrees and the highest of chlorophyll b (9.26 mg of protein per minute) and polyphenol oxidase enzyme (57.52 mg of protein per minute) were obtained in the treatment of 50 mg/L of gibberellic acid, 10 milliTesla magnetic field and 8 degrees. The highest amounts of peroxidase (53.6 mg of protein per minute) in the treatment of 100 mg/liter of gibberellic acid acid, magnetic field of twenty millitesla and temperature of twenty degrees Celsius and the highest values of titratable acidity (0.89 percent) and pH (6.9) were obtained in the treatment of no use of gibberellic acid, no use of magnetic field and temperature of 20 degrees. In terms of the triple interaction effect, the best effective treatment on increasing the storage time of strawberries was the combined treatment of 50 mg/L gibberellic acid and 10 milliTesla magnetic field and 8 degrees Celsius temperature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Impact of Super Absorbent Polymer on Physiological Traits and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Mihan) Affected Drought Stress Conditions
Ahmad Afkari -
Open Access Article
6 - Assessment Effect of Water Deficit Stress and Foliar Application of Zinc Sulfate on Seed yield, Grain Protein and Antioxidant Enzymes
Mojtaba Afshari -
Open Access Article
7 - Assessment the Effect of Concentration and Application Time of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Biochemical Traits and Seed Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Ali Jasemnejad Payam Moaveni -
Open Access Article
8 - Assessment Production of Natural Reactive Oxygen Species Affected on Dormancy Alleviation, Germination and Antioxidant System in Sunflower Seeds
Mahdi Shaaban Esfandiar Hassani Moghaddam Ezatollah Nabati Zahra Rahmati Motlagh -
Open Access Article
9 - Wheat Response (Triticum aestivum L.) to Selenium under Normal Irrigation and Water Deficit Conditions
Mohammad Reza DadniaTo evaluate the effect of selenium (from sodium selenate) on increasing efficiency at water deficit condition a research was conducted in Karaj 1 wheat cultivar in 2014-2015 cropping year with split plot based on completely randomize block design with four replications MoreTo evaluate the effect of selenium (from sodium selenate) on increasing efficiency at water deficit condition a research was conducted in Karaj 1 wheat cultivar in 2014-2015 cropping year with split plot based on completely randomize block design with four replications in Karaj. Irrigation treatments with two levels, normal (I1) and interruption of irrigation at mid flowering (110 days after planting) (I2), which were assigned to main plots and selenium foliar application with six concentrations: 0 (S0), 5 (3.12 micro g.) (S1), 10 (6.24 micro g.) (S2), 15 (9.36 micro g.) (S3), 20 (12.5 micro g.) (S4) and 25 (15.62 micro g,) of sodium selenate per plant (S5) g.ha-1 to sub plots. The results showed that water deficit increased the rate of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde marker. Foliar application of selenium, increased contents of antioxidant (anti oxidation) enzymes under stress condition and was maximum in 20 g. selenium per ha-1. Content of malondialdehyde was decreased and caused significant increase in grain yield. Increasing antioxidants and reduction of malondialdehyde at normal condition was lower. On the other hand, negative effect of malondialdehyde on yield components, cellular membrane stability and antioxidant enzymes at humidity stress condition was higher than normal condition. Significant increase of cytoplasmic membrane stability, grain yield, grain weight and selenium content of seed was obtained when 15 and 20 g. selenium ha-1 were used as compared with those of higher and lower rates of selenium usage under water deficit and normal irrigation. Suppression of free oxygen radicals, and enzyme induction defense mechanisms against oxidative damage has been effective. Therefore, use of exogenous compounds such as selenium may increase the antioxidant capacity of plant against stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Effect of Humic Acid on Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes and Yield of Castor Bean (Ricinus commonis) under Water Deficit Condition
Mohammad Reza DadniaTo evaluate the effect of humic acid on activity of antioxidant enzymes in castor bean a split plot experiment based on completely randomize block design with four replications was carried out at Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch in 2014. Treatments were irrigation MoreTo evaluate the effect of humic acid on activity of antioxidant enzymes in castor bean a split plot experiment based on completely randomize block design with four replications was carried out at Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch in 2014. Treatments were irrigation with three levels [irrigation at 80% of field capacity (S1) (normal), irrigation at 65% of field capacity (S2) (mid stress) and irrigation at 50% of field capacity (S3) (high stress)] assigned to main plots and humic acid with four levels (without foliar application, one time, twice and three times foliar application) to sub plots. In this study traits like seed yield, 100 seed weight and antioxidant enzymes were estimated. The results showed that the effect of humic acid was significant at 1% level on 100 seed weight and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Mean comparisons indicate that foliar application of humic acid could compensate relative effect of water deficit. It was also revealed that the rate of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were increased with three times of humic acid foliar applications by 38.8, 34.75 and 37.88 percent under mid stress drought and 26.63, 41.15 and 43.14 percents under high stress drought as compared to control, respectively. Overall, it can be said that use of humic acid have different physiological effects. Humic acid not only increases seed yield of castor bean it also have a positive role in reducing water deficit effects and increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Effect of Zeolite and Mycorrhiza Application on Physiological, Yield, Yield Components of Soybean and Accumulation of Lead under Soil Polluted with Lead
Zivar Haidarpour Saremi Mashallah Daneshvar Omid Ali Akbarpour Afsaneh Aali Nejadian BidabadiOne of the important environment pollutants can cited to element lead (Pb) that effected on absorption of nutrients in plants. This investigation was conducted in order study effect zeolite and Mycorrhiza on quality and quantity soyben plant on soil polluted with Pb in MoreOne of the important environment pollutants can cited to element lead (Pb) that effected on absorption of nutrients in plants. This investigation was conducted in order study effect zeolite and Mycorrhiza on quality and quantity soyben plant on soil polluted with Pb in greenhouse Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lorestan. The experiment was carried basic factorial in from to random completly design with three repeat. Treatments were incloud; Mycorrhiza fungus in two level (control and application Mycorrhiza) and zeolite in three level (0, 5% and 10% W/W). Soil’s all plots were polluted with concentration 200 mg/kg Pb (NO3)2. Result this investigation indicued, exept height plant, number grain per pod, number pod per plant and number of branches that influenced by main effect Mycorrhiza and zeolite, in other traits intraction was significant. Application zeolite 10% with Mycorrhiza resulted improve LAI (84%), catalase (150%), superoxide dismutase (220%), 1000 grain-weight (51%), grain yield (94%), biological yield (51%) and harvest index (34%) and decreased accumulation of lead in root (43%) and shoot (44%), TF(75%) and BCF in root (43%) and shoot (43%). Heighest grain yield (3609 kg.ha-1) and biological yield (9026 kg.ha-1) was obtained from use Simultaneous zeolite 10% and Mycorrhiza. Overall application Mycorrhiza and zeolite in addition to decline effects heavy metals in the soil and improve quantitative and qualitative yield of the product can be effective in phytoremediation of heavy metals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Effect of Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid and Micronutrients on Some Biochemical and Agronomic Characteristics of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.’ Neptune Cultivar) under Water Deficit Stress
Younes Mir Mashalah Daneshvar Ahmad Ismaili Hamed KhosraviTo investigate the effect of soluble salicylic acid and micronutrient elements on some of the biochemical and agronomic characteristics of rapeseed under water deficit conditions studied in a split factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with th MoreTo investigate the effect of soluble salicylic acid and micronutrient elements on some of the biochemical and agronomic characteristics of rapeseed under water deficit conditions studied in a split factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University during 2016-2017 growing season. Water deficit was considered as the main factor with two levels (irrigation at 20 (control) and 70% of field capacity depletion), and combined treatments of two factors of foliar application of micronutrient elements (non-consumption and spraying at a concentration of 2 per thousand) and salicylic acid concentration of 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM) as the subplot. The results showed that the effects of water deficit and salicylic acid on all traits under study were significant. The results showed that triple interaction was also significant on catalase, peroxidase. proline, oil percent, seed yield and oil yield. The highest average oil percentage, seed and oil yield were 46.02%, 4424 and 2036 kg.ha-1 of the treatment combination (no stress+ solubility of 1.5 mm salicylic acid and concentration of 2 per thousand micronutrient fertilizer). The results of this study, based on the changes in the mean, showed that salicylic acid and micronutrient elements reduced the effect of water deficit in canola seedlings. In general, Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to reduce the negative effects of water deficit stress and produce proper seed yield, by using Ferti Mix Trio fertilizer and 1.5mM salicylic acid under water deficit conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Effect of Salicylic Acid Application under Salinity Conditions on Physiologic and Morphologic Characteristics of Artemisia (Artemisia annua L.)
K. Eskandari Zanjani A.H. Shirani Rad A. Moradi Agdam T. TaherkhaniTo eveluate the effect of salicylic acid application under salinity stress conditions on physiologic and morphologic characteristics of artemisia, a factorial experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications was conducted in Zanjan, Iran, duri MoreTo eveluate the effect of salicylic acid application under salinity stress conditions on physiologic and morphologic characteristics of artemisia, a factorial experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications was conducted in Zanjan, Iran, during 2010-11. Treatments used were salinity four levels (0 (control), 4, 8 and 12 ds. m-1) and two levels salicylic acid (control and application of 0.5 mM). Traits measured were plant height, number of lateral shoot, seed yield of flowering shoots, antioxidant enzymes activity like catalas and superoxide dismutase, proline concentration and chlorophyll content of leaves were evaluated. The results showed that salinity stress decreased plant height, number of lateral shoot, seed yield of flowering shoots and chlorophyll content, and application of salicylic acid under both stress and non-stress conditions improved the above mentioned traits. Salinity stress also increased activity of antioxidant enzymes as well as catalase and superoxide dismotase and proline accumulation. Application of salicylic acid under both non-stress and salinity stress conditions decreased activity antioxidant enzymes and proline accumulation and reduced the effects salinity stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Grain yield, chlorophyll content, osmolyte accumulation, total phenolics and catalase activity in maize (Zea mays L.) under drought stress
Vahid Nasrollahzade asl Sajjad Moharramnejad Mehri YusefiTo study the response of grain yield, chlorophyll (a+b) content, glycine betaine, proline, soluble sugars, total phenolics, and catalase (CAT) activity in maize hybrids to drought stress during kernel filling stage, a field experiment was carried out as a split plot com MoreTo study the response of grain yield, chlorophyll (a+b) content, glycine betaine, proline, soluble sugars, total phenolics, and catalase (CAT) activity in maize hybrids to drought stress during kernel filling stage, a field experiment was carried out as a split plot completely randomized block design with four replications in Moghan Research Station, during 2010 and 2011 growing seasons. The main plots were composed of two drought stress levels including commonly available irrigation water (control) and no irrigation at kernel filling stage. Three maize hybrids including NS640, SC704, and SC720 were allocated into sub-plots. Analysis of the data suggested that drought stress significantly affected all measured characters and reduced grain yield and chlorophyll (a+b) content. Drought stress also increased glycine betaine, proline, soluble sugars, total phenolics, and CAT activity about 30.2, 36.7, 17.8, 38.8 and %15.2, respectively. SC704 displayed maximum grain yield and osmolyte accumulation. Based on the findings of the study, grain yield, chlorophyll (a+b) content, glycine betaine, proline, soluble sugars, total phenolics, and catalase (CAT) activity can be used to study drought-response and drought-tolerance of maize hybrids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The effect of drought stress and zeolite application on physiological traits, and anti-oxidant enzymes activity, and qualitative and quantitative performance of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes
omid lotfifar leila Mottaghi amirhossein Shiranirad samaneh MottaghiIn order to study the effect of zeolite on some physiological characteristics, antioxidant enzymes activity, seed and oil yields of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under drought stress condition, a split plot factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complet MoreIn order to study the effect of zeolite on some physiological characteristics, antioxidant enzymes activity, seed and oil yields of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under drought stress condition, a split plot factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with four replications in Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Karaj. Three drought stress levels (irrigation after 40, 60, and 80% soil water discharge), were applied as non-stress, low stress, and high stress, respectively and the zeolite at two levels (0 and 10 tons per hecater) was applied in a factorial design in main plots while genotypes of rapeseed (Line KR4 and Eldo and GKH 305 and Anatol cultivars) were used in sub-plots. Results revealed that in all zeolite and rapeseed genotype treatments, drought stress caused a decrease in relative water content, canopy temperature, and stomatal resistant and decreased soluble sugar, proline content, and antioxidants activity (catalase and peroxidase) and malondealdehyde in top young leaves in plant. The moderate and severe drought stress led to reduction in seed yield and oil yield, respectively. With an increase in stress level, so did the efficiency of zeolite in reducing negative effects of stress and its application under moderate and high stress resulted in significant reductions in catalase and peroxidase antioxidant activities and also reduction in soluble sugars and proline concentration. Application of zeolite increased seed yield significantly under non-stress, moderate and high stress treatments and improved oil yield. Among genotypes under study, KR4 line and GKH305 cultivar had the highest seed yield in case of application and non-application of zeolite, respectively but under moderate and severe stress, Anatol had the lowest loss and highest yield. According to the findings, using zeolite in all drought stress caused a significant decrease in rapeseed yield and with an increase in water limitation, so did the efficiency of zeolite. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Evaluation of antioxidant activity, secondary metabolites and osmolytes of aerial parts and root organs of Chelidonium majus L. in various phonological stages
Maryam Niakan Aytan Jojani Ebrahim Gholamali Pour AlamdariThe purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant activity and determining content of alkaloids, total phenols, anthocyanins, catalase, peroxidase activity as well osmolytes in vegetative,flowering and fruit stage of Chelidonium majus. Smples were collected from mar MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant activity and determining content of alkaloids, total phenols, anthocyanins, catalase, peroxidase activity as well osmolytes in vegetative,flowering and fruit stage of Chelidonium majus. Smples were collected from marginal fields of Chamestan district of Noor which is located in Mazandaran province firstly, and then collected samples were botanically authenticated.. Results showed that root of C. majus in various phenological stages had a more alkaloids and total phenols content over aerial organs in similar stages. It was also observed that the highest alkaloids and total phenols in root were obtained in vegetative and flowering stages respectively. Anthocyanins content in root and aerial organs were increased with an increase of phonological stages. Also, the measurement of soluble sugars in C. majus showed that the highest amount of this compound was in all phonological stages at the root more than the aerial parts. The maximum amount of proline was observed in the aerial parts at the vegetative stage. According to the results, enzyme of catalase and peroxidase had positive correlation with antioxidant activity. Overall, antioxidant capacity in inhibition of free radicals significantly were increased with an increase of alkaloids and total phenols content from underground and aerial organs of C. majus in various phonological stages. Overall, root of Chelidonium majus in vegetative stage had the appropriate amount of alkaloids; it may be used as a suitable source for the preparation of pharmaceutical compounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Determination of drought tolerance clones in Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) by investigating the activity of antioxidant enzymes
Mehdi Rahimi Mojtaba Kordrostami Mojtaba Mortezavi Sanam Safaei-ChaeikarIn order to investigate the activity of antioxidant enzymes of 14 tea clones under normal and drought stress conditions, two separate experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with two replications in 2017 at Fashalem Tea Research Station in Ras MoreIn order to investigate the activity of antioxidant enzymes of 14 tea clones under normal and drought stress conditions, two separate experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with two replications in 2017 at Fashalem Tea Research Station in Rasht. Irrigation in both designs was carried out routinely until July 22 followed by a drought stress treatment for one plot until August 22 when tea leaves were harvested. Tea leaves from each plot of the both experiments were then removed and transferred to a freezer at -80 °C. The activity of the antioxidant such as ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammoniaase, lipid peroxidase, malondialdehyde, β-carotene, and lycopene were measured. The results showed that drought stress increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Based on the results obtained from the mean comparisons, clones 100, 399 and Bazri, had the highest activity for ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammoniaase, and lipid peroxidase under drought stress conditions. On the other hand, these clones had the lowest contents of malondialdehyde. Clones 278 and 276 on the other hand, had the least values of antioxidant enzymes under drought stress conditions (except malondialdehyde) and were considered as sensitive clones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Evaluation and comparison of Leaf antioxidant properties and morphological traits of tomato varieties (Lycopersicon esculentum L)
zahra jahan tigh haghighi leila fahmideh bahman fazeli nasabin this study was tried Different tomato varieties based on phytochemical and morphological traits as well as antioxidant properties of leaf In the form of two germination experiments in laboratory and pot plants in a greenhouse, completely randomized in three replicati Morein this study was tried Different tomato varieties based on phytochemical and morphological traits as well as antioxidant properties of leaf In the form of two germination experiments in laboratory and pot plants in a greenhouse, completely randomized in three replications. Totally two experiments, different varieties of tomatoes were different (P<0.01) in terms of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, catalase, guaiacol, ascorbic peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine, fresh weight and number of stems, germination percentage, dry weight, stem length, root length, except for the number of stems And plant height. In first experiment; The highest levels of chlorophyll a (189.99 mg/g fresh weight), chlorophyll b (6.145 mg/g fresh weight), and carotenoid (6.5015 mg/g fresh weight) was belong to Iran's Queen2274 cultivar. In second experiment; the highest amount of catalase (0.0196, 0.0192 and then 0.0181 mg/g fresh weight of extract) respectively was related to PS and Falat 111 from USA and then Queen2274 from Iran. The highest amount of Guiacol (0.0244 and 0.127 mg/g fresh weight of the extract) respectively was related to the French Clouse cultivar and the Italian Falat Y variety, respectively. Ascorbic peroxidase (0.0140 and 0.0136 mg/g fresh weight of extract), respectively, was related to Newton cultivar Holland and then French Clouse cultivar. Polyphenol oxidase (0.0112 and then 0.628 mg/g fresh weight of extract) was related to Iranian Queen2274 cultivar and USA PS cultivar. Maximum amount of phenylalanine (0.25 mg/g fresh weight of extract) was related to Iran's Queen2274 cultivars and USA PS cultivar. Based on the results of this research is suggested to obtain the best cultivar which has high levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, the Queen2274, Clouse and PS varieties can be used as breeding program and produce superior cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Elimination of Ni pollutant combined with petroleum using microalga Calothrix sp. isolated from oil polluted regions
Maryam Ameri Neda Soltani Ladan Baftechi Mehdi Bolfion seyede mehri javadi Behnaz BagheriPollution with heavy metals, especially those combined with petroleum, is one of the major environmental problems. These pollutants contaminate soil, water, and related ecosystems and cause problems for the flora and even humans. Considering the potential of microalgae MorePollution with heavy metals, especially those combined with petroleum, is one of the major environmental problems. These pollutants contaminate soil, water, and related ecosystems and cause problems for the flora and even humans. Considering the potential of microalgae for elimination of petroleum pollution and reduction of various heavy metals contaminations, this study was carried out using Calothrix sp., isolated from polluted areas with the aim of investigating the reduction of nickel as well as studying some physiological behaviors of microalgae. Experiments were designed using the Design Expert software and factors such as PH (pH4-9), nickel concentration (5-100 mg/L), and time (30-120 min) were considered. Results showed that at pH 8, 80.74 mg/L nickel concentration, and 48.24 min the highest nickel uptake (69%) was observed. Treatment of algal biomass with different chemical and physical factors in various forms, such as immobilization or use of its metabolites could improve and facilitate the absorption process and paves the way for the potential application of these microalgae in subsequent purification systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Study of protein pattern, antioxidant enzymes and accumulation of cadmium in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) treated with cadmium and salicylic acid
Sakineh MoradkhaniIn order to investigate the interaction effects of cadmium as a heavy metal and salicylic acid as an antioxidant and anti-stress substance on sunflower plants, sunflower seeds were washed with distilled water after disinfection with 1% sodium hypochlorite solution and w MoreIn order to investigate the interaction effects of cadmium as a heavy metal and salicylic acid as an antioxidant and anti-stress substance on sunflower plants, sunflower seeds were washed with distilled water after disinfection with 1% sodium hypochlorite solution and were planted in pots containing sandy soil in a growth chamber with a temperature of 34 ℃ during the day and 25 ℃ at night, and 16/8 hours of light/dark photoperiod. This research was performed as a factorial completely randomized design with four replications under greenhouse conditions. Sunflower plants were exposed to cadmium chloride treatment (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 µM) at two-leaf stage on a weekly basis. One week after cadmium treatment, plant leaves were sprayed with salicylic acid (0, 250 and 500 µM). After harvesting the plants, cadmium concentrations in roots and shoots were measured. Then, antioxidant enzymes were assayed. Total protein content of leaf samples was extracted and the pattern of leaf protein changes was investigated by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Cadmium concentration in roots and shoots increased with increasing cadmium and salicylic acid treatment. Catalase enzyme activity decreased with increasing cadmium concentration, and salicylic acid had a very small effect on its activity. The activity of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase enzymes increased with increasing cadmium concentration while increasing salicylic acid concentration reduced the activity of these enzymes. Leaf protein electrophoresis under cadmium and salicylic acid treatments showed differences in leaf protein intensity compared with control plants. The expression of some proteins was increased or decreased in the treated plants. Therefore, cadmium and salicylic acid treatments made changes in the amount of cadmium uptake, antioxidant enzymes activity, and the pattern of sunflower leaf proteins. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The effect of humic acid on growth, yield, and some physiological parameters of wheat under salinity stress
Reza Sharifi Asl Mahnaz Jasemi Manesh Mohammad Mirzaie HaydariSalinity is a major environmental stress, reducing growth and yield of a wide variety of crops all over the world. The present study assessed effects of humic acid and salinity stress on the growth and some physiological responses of wheat in a pot experiment. The layou MoreSalinity is a major environmental stress, reducing growth and yield of a wide variety of crops all over the world. The present study assessed effects of humic acid and salinity stress on the growth and some physiological responses of wheat in a pot experiment. The layout was 4×4 factorial experiment in RCBD design with salinity stress levels and humic acid concentrations as main factors in Ilam University during 2016. Treatments were the combination of four levels of salinity stress including stress-free conditions (irrigation by distilled water), and 4, 8, and 12 dS/m NaCl and four concentrations of humic acid including 0 (as a control), 50, 100, and 150 mg/l. The statistical analysis showed that salinity stress and humic acid application had significance effects on the morphological, physiological, and biochemical parameters of the wheat plants. Salinity stress imposed negative effects on plant growth and productivity. Under salinity conditions, growth parameters and yield attribute, relative water content, and chlorophyll reduced, but electrolyte leakage and antioxidant enzyme activity increased. Application of humic acid significantly increased plant growth parameters, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activity, and decreased electrolyte leakage content. The highest salinity tolerance was obtained with 150 mg/l humic acid application. In general, results showed that the application of humic acid through affecting physiological parameters decreased adverse effects of salinity stress on the wheat plants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Effect of foliar application of ascorbic acid on antioxidant enzyme activities of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) cultivars under water-deficit Stress
Mohammad Jahanbakhshi Mehdi Sadeghi Mahmood Tohidi Farbod Fotouhi Seyed Ali FazelzadehIn order to investigate the effect of foliar application of ascorbic acid on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) under water-deficit stress, a field trial was performed in a split-plot design arranged in completely randomized block design MoreIn order to investigate the effect of foliar application of ascorbic acid on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) under water-deficit stress, a field trial was performed in a split-plot design arranged in completely randomized block design with three replications in the Education and Research Center of Natural Resources Safiabad, Dezful during the two cultivation years (2017 and 2018). Four levels of water-deficit stress treatments were considered in the main plots (25, 50, 75, and 100% of plant water requirement) and combined treatment of foliar application of ascorbic acid in three levels (control, 10, and 20 mM) and genotype including Omidbakhsh VC6173 and Partow cultivars as subplots. The results of mean comparison showed that the highest levels of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase were observed in water-deficit stress of 25% water requirement and no foliar application of ascorbic acid. The highest activity of catalase enzyme was observed under water-deficit stress of 50% water requirement and no foliar application of ascorbic acid. Also, the highest activity of guaiacol peroxidase enzyme was observed in Omidbakhsh VC6173 cultivar under water-deficit stress of 25% water requirement and no foliar application of ascorbic acid. The highest glutathione peroxidase activity was observed in VC6173 cultivar under water-deficit stress of 75% water requirement and 10 mM foliar application of ascorbic acid. Results showed that dehydration stress significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes while foliar application of ascorbic acid due to its antioxidant properties reduced the effects of stress and thus reducing the activity of antioxidant enzymes Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The effect of nano potassium fertilizer, potassium sulfate and salicylic acid on physiological characteristics of Calendula officinalis L. under water stress
Somayeh Erfani Mohammadali Rezaei Farhad Farahvash Mehrali MahmoudjanloAbstract: Lack of water is one of the limiting factors for growth, and oxidative stress is a secondary stress resulting from drought and dehydration. In order to study the levels of potassium nanoclat fertilizers, potassium sulfate and salicylic acid in reducing water e MoreAbstract: Lack of water is one of the limiting factors for growth, and oxidative stress is a secondary stress resulting from drought and dehydration. In order to study the levels of potassium nanoclat fertilizers, potassium sulfate and salicylic acid in reducing water effects on a number of physiological indicators of evergreen plants, experimental spring was performed as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications in 1398 in the research greenhouse of Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch. Factors involved included irrigation at two levels, consumption of potassium fertilizer at two levels of potassium nanocat and potassium sulfate, and salicylic acid at three levels of zero, one and two milliliters. Physiological traits such as photosynthetic pigments, proline, phenol total, superoxide dismutase, catalase enzyme, soluble sugar, protein and glycine betaine were evaluated. Based on the results of this study, dehydration stress significantly increased the levels of proline, the enzyme peroxidase, the enzyme catalase, glycine betaine and sugar, and reduced the levels of chlorophyll a, b, whole leaves and total protein. The use of salicylic acid leaf in conditions of dehydration stress in concentrations significantly increased sugar, total protein, glycine betaine and total phenol. The use of potassium nanocatalysts and potassium sulfate improved plant tolerance in drought stress conditions and increased physiological traits compared to control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Effect of foliar application of organic growth stimulators on physiological characteristics, yield and percentage of safflower oil (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under levels of drought stress
Ali Rashedi Alireza Sirousmehr Mohsen Mousavi nik Ahmad GhanbariDrought is one of the most important factors in reducing plant yield, and understand the ways to deal with drought stress is very important. This experiment was performed to study the effect of foliar application of organic growth stimulants (Hamoon Green ®) on some MoreDrought is one of the most important factors in reducing plant yield, and understand the ways to deal with drought stress is very important. This experiment was performed to study the effect of foliar application of organic growth stimulants (Hamoon Green ®) on some physiological traits, yield, and oil content of Goldasht safflower cultivar under different levels of drought stress in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design in the Research Farm No.1 of Zabol University located in Jazinak, Sistan Dam, in Zabol with three replications. The main factor of drought stress at 3 levels included full irrigation, irrigation up to the main stem flowering stage, and irrigation up to full flowering stage. The secondary factor was plant growth regulator at four levels including control, 8, 10, and 12 liters per hectare. Measured characteristics included plant height, number of leaves, number of heads per plant, 1000-seed weight, petal weight, stem diameter, seed protein percentage, grain yield, seed oil percentage, proline, catalase and peroxidase. The interaction of growth stimulant levels and drought stress was significant only on plant height, stem diameter, oil percentage, and proline concentration. The maximum plant height (64 cm) and percentage of oil (32.7%) were obtained from non-stress and foliar application of 12 liters of growth stimulant; the highest proline concentration was recorded under foliar application of 12 liters growth regulator the flowering stage of the main stem (0.38%); the maximum stem grain yield (1127.08 kg ha-1) was recorded with the plants sprayed with 12 liters of growth stimulant. In general, foliar application of growth stimulants moderated the negative effects of drought stress on some traits of safflower plant and improved grain yield by 36.6%. Also, irrigation up to the flowering stage of the main stem can lead to the yield similar to full irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Effect of salicylic acid application on some physiological characteristics and essential oil production of lemon verbena (Lippia citrodora L.) under salinity stress
Mohammad Moghaddam Leila Mehdizade Sara FarsariThe aim of this research was to study the effect of salicylic acid (SA) usage on some physiological characteristics and essential oil production of lemon verbena (Lippia citrodora L.) under salinity stress. For this purpose, a pot factorial experiment was performed base MoreThe aim of this research was to study the effect of salicylic acid (SA) usage on some physiological characteristics and essential oil production of lemon verbena (Lippia citrodora L.) under salinity stress. For this purpose, a pot factorial experiment was performed based on a completely randomized design with 4 salinity levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl), 4 SA levels (0, 150, 300 and 450 mg/L) and three replications. The measured traits included total soluble protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide, glycine betaine, some antioxidant enzyme activities, and essential oil production. The interaction effect of the treatments on all of the studied traits were significant at 1% P value. The results showed that the highest amount of total soluble protein, MDA, hydrogen peroxide, glycine betaine, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were observed at 150 mM salinity level and application of SA at 300 mg/L causes to decrease total soluble protein and glycine betaine, and 150 mg/L of SA causes to decrease MDA. But application of this plant growth regulator had no significant effect on hydrogen peroxide. Also, the results showed that catalase enzyme activity and essential oil content at the highest salinity level (150 mM) reached to the lowest amounts. In total, the results of this study indicated that the SA application especially at 300 mg/L causes to improve the studied traits in this experiment and its usage under stress conditions is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The effect of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on some physiological and biochemical parameters of viola tricolor (Viola tricolor L.)
arefeh hassanvand Sara Saadatmand hossin lariyazdi Alireza iranbakhshEmploying biosynthesized nanoparticles plays an important role in increasing efficiency of agricultural practices. In recent years, the use of nanoparticles in plants has been considered as pesticides, protective agents, and nutrients. Viola tricolor belongs to the Viol MoreEmploying biosynthesized nanoparticles plays an important role in increasing efficiency of agricultural practices. In recent years, the use of nanoparticles in plants has been considered as pesticides, protective agents, and nutrients. Viola tricolor belongs to the Violaceae family, which has antibacterial, anticancer, and antiviral properties. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using silver nitrate and Viola tricolor extract to investigate the effect of different concentrations of silver nanoparticles on the physiologic and biochemical indexes of Viola tricolor. Results showed that different growth parameters including root and stem fresh weight, root and shoot length, and protein content significantly increased under AgNPs. The highest levels of these indices were observed at 0, 10, 50 and 100 ppm silver nanoparticles, respectively. Proline and carbohydrates also increased under different concentrations of AgNPs compared with the control and the highest values of these indices were observed under 100 ppm silver nanoparticles. The contents of secondary metabolites, including phenol and flavonoids, were affected under 100 ppm AgNP showing the highest increase. The maximum increase in the anthocyanin content was observed at 10 ppm AgNPs. Analysis of the antioxidant enzyme activities showed that they increased under all AgNPs concentrations of the study. Increases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and glutathione reductase) under AgNPs treatments led to a decrease in MDA content. Based on the results of the current study, silver nanoparticles are suggested as proper stimulants for increased growth and production of antioxidant properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Evaluation of allopathic effect of wild melon weed of Cucumis melo L. on the growth and antioxidant system of rapeseed (Brassica napus L) and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis)
Neshat Norouzi maryam niakan Mehdi Ebadi Masoumeh YounesabadiAllelopathic effect of weeds is one of the important factors limiting the growth and yields in crops. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of shoots (leaves and stems) of wild melon (Cucumis melo L.) on growth indices and antioxidant sy MoreAllelopathic effect of weeds is one of the important factors limiting the growth and yields in crops. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of shoots (leaves and stems) of wild melon (Cucumis melo L.) on growth indices and antioxidant system of rapeseed and its accompanying wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis). This study was conducted as a split-split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications at the field level. The main plot included the target plant type at two levels (rapeseed RGS cultivar and Sinapis arvensis weed), the sub-plot included the type of organ at two levels (leaf and stem extract of wild melon) and the sub-plot of extract concentration at four levels (0 (control)) 2.5, 5, and 10%). The results showed that with increasing the concentration of wild melon leaf extract, most of the growth parameters in both target plants decreased and the intensity of this decrease was higher on the growth of Sinapis arvensis compared to rapeseed, while wild melon stem extract caused a more severe decrease in rapeseed growth parameters compared with Sinapis arvensis. Also, wild melon stem extract significantly increased catalase activity in canola compared to control and decreased peroxidase while the activity of peroxidase enzyme increased in Sinapis arvensis. Also, the increasing trend of phenolic compounds and decreasing flavonoid compounds of rapeseed leaves with increasing the concentration of extract was more dramatic and intense than Sinapis arvensis. According to the results of this study, the sensitivity of rapeseed and its associated weeds to the extracts of two wild melon organs was not the same, which should be considered in managing the use of plant allelopathy as an herbicide at field level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The effect of drought stress and selenium on some morphophysiological characteristics of Dragons head (Lallemantia iberica L.)
Masoomeh Amerian Alireza zebarjadi javaneh alsadat mehrabiIn order to investigate the effect of drought stress and different levels of selenium on growth and physiological characteristics of the Dragons head (Lallemantia iberica L.), a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications MoreIn order to investigate the effect of drought stress and different levels of selenium on growth and physiological characteristics of the Dragons head (Lallemantia iberica L.), a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications at Razi University Research Greenhouse. Experimental treatments consisted of different levels of humidity levels (full irrigation, 25%, 50% and 75% field capacity) and the second factor contained different concentrations of selenium (0, 5 and 10 mg L-1 sodium selenate). Foliar application of sodium selenate was performed in two stages. According to the results, drought stress had a negative effect on stem and leaf dry weight, inflorescence fresh weight, inflorescence length and leaf relative water content. Selenium increased shoot and leaf dry weight, inflorescence length and leaf relative water content. Under drought stress, selenium increased plant height, shoot number, stem fresh weight, leaf number and leaf fresh weight. Selenium increased biological yield, inflorescence dry weight, number of flowers, seed weight per plant, 1000-seed weight and seed yield. Selenium had a positive effect on stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence of leaves. As a result, foliar application of sodium selenate can overcome drought stress and prevents reduce in seed yield. The increase in seed yield in Dragons head may be related to increase in number of flowers per inflorescence, number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant and 1000-seed weight. Therefore, under drought stress, foliar application of sodium selenate in two stages can prevent or reduce seed yield by reducing the effects of drought stress. Therefore, foliar application of 10 mg L-1 sodium selenate is recommended to reduce the effects of drought stress on the cultivation of Dragons head. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Effect of salicylic acid in alleviating Ni-induced oxidative stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at germination stage
A.R Jafari, R.A Khavarinejad حمید FahimiThe effects of salicylic acid (SA) in alleviating Ni-induced oxidative stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at germination stage were studied and the changes in radicle and plumule growth (fresh and dry weight and their lengths) were investigated. Exposure to 800&micr MoreThe effects of salicylic acid (SA) in alleviating Ni-induced oxidative stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at germination stage were studied and the changes in radicle and plumule growth (fresh and dry weight and their lengths) were investigated. Exposure to 800µM Ni significantly decreased radicle and plumule growth, and activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes but increased the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). However, treatment with 100µM SA enhanced the activities of these enzymes in plumule tissues but lowered the concentration of MDA in the Ni-stressed wheat compared with the Ni treatment alone. Treatment with SA alleviated the Ni-induced inhibition of radicle and plumule growth.The results showed that treatment with SA enhanced the antioxidant defense activities in Ni-stressed wheat, thus alleviating Ni-induced oxidative damage and enhancing Ni tolerance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The study of interaction effects of salt (NaCl) and salicylic acid (SA) on activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes in two cultivar of canola (Hayola 401 and RGS)
حسین Lari Yazdi, عبدالکریم Chehregani, احسان Nazarbeygi,In order to study of interaction effects of salt and salicylic acid, it was used two cultivars of canola (Hayola 401 and RGS). Canola seeds were provided from Lorestan Agriculture Research Center in this experiment. After culturing seeds in experimental environment, the MoreIn order to study of interaction effects of salt and salicylic acid, it was used two cultivars of canola (Hayola 401 and RGS). Canola seeds were provided from Lorestan Agriculture Research Center in this experiment. After culturing seeds in experimental environment, the intact seedling transferred to Hogland half-power culture in the dishes with 650ml capacity. After 24 hours, the plants were placed under different treatment with the salt and salicylic acid. Canola plants were placed in determined rooms and in the light and the dark periods 16 and 8 hours respectively in order to ventilation the dishes were airing every day. The treatments were included 75,100,150mM salt and 5μM salicylic acid. After 20 days, catalase and peroxides activity were tested in the root and leaves of plant. With respect to the results achieved in this research, it was determine that when salinity stress increased, the amount of catalase and peroxidase activity increased. This increase in the roots was more than leaves in both cultivar of canola. With adding 5μM salicylic acid in above environment, it showed the increase of catalase and peroxidase activity, so this case helps to reduce destructive effects of salinity and balance its effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Study of Differential Responses of Anti Oxidative Enzymes of Two Sensitive and Tolerant Cultivars of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to Salt Stress
فائزه Ghanati, الهام Nayyeri Torshizi,In this article the effects of salt stress on the activity of antioxidative anzymes and lipid peroxidation were studied in shoots and roots of two cultivars of wheat. The cultivar Mahooti and Alamoot were selected as salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive, respectively. The p MoreIn this article the effects of salt stress on the activity of antioxidative anzymes and lipid peroxidation were studied in shoots and roots of two cultivars of wheat. The cultivar Mahooti and Alamoot were selected as salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive, respectively. The plants were treated for 24, 48, 96 hours. Mostly salt stress increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in treated plants. Also, the increase in level of CAT activity in roots was more pronounced in the salt-tolerant than in the salt-stress that is indicated the role of CAT for tolerance in Mahooti. The increase in activity of these enzymes during 24 hours of treatment with NaCl in salt-tolerant plants were more than in salt-sensitive plants. Lipid peroxidation had a little increase in treated plants, compared to those of the control ones. Salt stress had no significant effect on accumulation of Na+ in two cultivars. The results indicated that the oxidative stress play an important role in the activity of different enzymes in salt-stress and salt-tolerant plants. Also, rate of enzyme activities showed some flactuations, which suggest the cooperation of antioxidant enzymes with each other corresponding to different times and different stages of the growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - The effect of aquatic extract of canola (Brassica napus L.) on chlorophyll content, nitrate reductase, catalase and peroxidase activities enzymes of soybean (Glycine max L.) seedling in hydroponic culture
مریم Niakan معصومه TajariCanola contains allelochemicals that effect on metabolism of weeds and crop plants.The aim of this research was to study the effect of aquatic extract of canola (Brassica napus L. cv Hyola 401) on chlorophyll content in cotyledon, nitrate reductase, catalase and peroxid MoreCanola contains allelochemicals that effect on metabolism of weeds and crop plants.The aim of this research was to study the effect of aquatic extract of canola (Brassica napus L. cv Hyola 401) on chlorophyll content in cotyledon, nitrate reductase, catalase and peroxidase activity in root, stem and cotyledon of soybean seedling (Glycine max L. cv Gorgan 3) in Hoagland culture. The seeds of canola (Brassica napus L.cv Hyola 401) was planted in pot and provided aquatic extract of total plant in 5 leaf stage.This extract was added to Hoagland culture and catalase,peroxidase and nitrate reductase activities in leaf, stem and root and chlorophyll a and b content in cotyledons in soybean seedling (Glycine max L.cv Gorgan3) after 9 days were evaluated. The results showed that chlorophylls (a and b) amounts in cotyledons and catalase and peroxidase in root and stem and cotyledon decreased in comparison with to control (Hoagland only) in while nitrate reductase activity reduced in cotyledon and in root and stem increasd. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Study of content alterations of peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activity in two soybean cultivars (Glycine max L. merr) under water stress
حسن Modareszadeh مهلقا Ghorbanli محمدعلی RezaeiDifferent cultivars of one species activate various enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase in order to defense against the water stress.These enzymes have important role in plant defense against the rea MoreDifferent cultivars of one species activate various enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase in order to defense against the water stress.These enzymes have important role in plant defense against the reactive oxygene species. In this study, behavior different of peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase and effects of water stress on activity of them against drought and flooding were investigated in two soybean cultivars (Glycine max L. cv. Pershing and cv. DPX). An experiment was carried out under potting conditions and 4 treatments (20, 40, 60 and 80% of water saturation capacity) were used. Antioxidant enzymes indicated differences with stress and organ. Peroxidase activity increased in nodule and root under drought and flooding stress but in leaf, peroxidase activity increased in lower water contents (20 and 40%) and in DPX, significant difference did not shown in the all. In both studied organs, catalase activity increased in flooding and drought, in DPX and Pershing, repectively but significant difference did not shown in other treatment. In the leaf, ascorbate peroxidase activity decreased with decreasing in irrigation but in root, its activity indicated significant increaseing in flooding and drought, in DPX and Pershing, repectively. Results indicated that enzymetic activity can vary by cultivar, stress and organ type, too. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The effect of water stress on various of growth and proline, catalase, SOD in sesbania aculeata
مظفر Kamrani آرین Sateei عباسعلی NouriniaIn this study, effects of dry stress on growth parameters, proline content, glycine betaine, catalase, proxidase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were investigated in Sesbania aculeate L. This study was carried out fewer than 7 potting conditions on 7 treatments. Growth MoreIn this study, effects of dry stress on growth parameters, proline content, glycine betaine, catalase, proxidase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were investigated in Sesbania aculeate L. This study was carried out fewer than 7 potting conditions on 7 treatments. Growth parameters such as number of leaves, area leaf, length of shoots, and number of shoots were measured during 4 stage of growth. Results indicated that increase in drought stress caused many effects on morphology and enzymes activities also decrease on growth, number of leaves, leaf area and increase in growth of root rather than shoot. Drought stress did not caused significant difference in the number of shoots. Increase in drought stress also lead to increase in glycine betaine (GB), and proline content in root and leaf. Increase in proline and GB content in leaf was higher than root. Drought stress also caused increase in catalase activity in root and leaves, and more stress also lead to more activity. Drought caused increase in peroxidase activity in leaves and root, but increases in this activity by increasing stress were only observed for root. Superoxide dismutase activity in leaves was not affected significantly by drought stress, but increased in root, by increase in stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Biological Response of Capparis spinosa L. to Nitrogen Application under Salinity Conditions
Mohsen Zafaranieh seyed masoud ziaeeSalinity stress is one of the major abiotic stresses, which reduces plant growth by reducing water absorption and disrupting the balance of nutrients. To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the physiological traits of Capparis spinosa L. at high salt concentratio MoreSalinity stress is one of the major abiotic stresses, which reduces plant growth by reducing water absorption and disrupting the balance of nutrients. To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the physiological traits of Capparis spinosa L. at high salt concentrations, a greenhouse experiment was conducted in a factorial arrangement based on a randomized complete block with three replications in 2022. The first factor included 5 levels of salinity (100 (control), 200, 300, 400, and 500 mM), and the second factor comprised 4 levels of nitrogen fertilizer (50, 100, 150, and 200 ppm). The traits under study included shoot dry weight, proline content, soluble sugar, malondialdehyde enzyme activity, and catalase. Results showed that quantum yield, proline content, and soluble carbohydrate were affected by salinity and nitrogen concentrations. With increasing salinity levels from 100 to 500 mM, proline and soluble carbohydrate content increased, but with increasing nitrogen levels from 50 ppm to 200 ppm, soluble carbohydrates and proline content decreased and increased, respectively. Shoot dry weight and catalase activity were affected by the interaction of salinity and nitrogen levels. Results showed that at high levels of salinity and increasing nitrogen levels to 150 and 200 ppm, shoot dry weight content decreased while catalase, and peroxidase activity and shoot sodium content increased. According to these results, application of 200 ppm nitrogen is recommended in low (100 and 200 mM) and medium (300 mM) salinity levels while in high salinity (400 and 500 mM) levels, application of 50 ppm nitrogen in the nutrient solution of Capparis is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - تاثیر گیاه Crinum glaucum A. Chev بر فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدانی اندوژن در استرس اکسیداتیو القا شده در یک مدل حیوانی
اولوفون میلایو اوگونرینولا اولواسی اوگونرینولا اولواتومیلولا اولاتونجی اولوسگون فاجانا موتیو کاظیم ژمیسولا سایبو حبیب بانکول آدمولا آدیوی باباجید الموBackground & Aim: The mechanism of action of Crinum glaucumbulb (Cgb) A. Chev (Amaryllidaceae) is enigmatic. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the possible modulating properties of an aqueous extract of Cgb on endogenous antioxidant enzymes during lipopol MoreBackground & Aim: The mechanism of action of Crinum glaucumbulb (Cgb) A. Chev (Amaryllidaceae) is enigmatic. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the possible modulating properties of an aqueous extract of Cgb on endogenous antioxidant enzymes during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress in a rat model.Experimental: 25 male and 25 female rats were divided into five groups (n=5) each: control group; treatment group, rats were given an aqueous extract of Cgb for 7 days; induced-oxidative stress group, rats were injected with LPS for 4 hours; post-Cgb group, rats were injected with LPS for 4 hours and treated with an aqueous extract of Cgb; and pre-Cgb group, rats were given an aqueous extract of Cgb for 7 days, injected with LPS for 4 hours, and treated with an aqueous extract of Cgb for 7 days. The blood, brain, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys were harvested for the biochemical analysis. The endogenous antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferase) were analysed spectrophotometrically.Results: The hallmark of LPS is its ability to decrease the activity of oxidative stress marker enzymes, as observed in this study. The pre- and post-administration of an aqueous extract of Cgb significantly (P≤0.05) reversed the damaging effect of LPS by increasing the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the blood and organs of male and female rats, respectively, while plasma glutathione-S-transferase activity was inhibited.Recommended applications/industries: The aqueous extract of Cgb has modulating properties to reduce the action of LPS-induced oxidative stress on endogenous antioxidant enzymes in male and female rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - بررسی مقایسهای برخی ویژگیهای بیوشیمیایی ایزوآنزیمهای پراکسیداز در گیاه رزماری (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)
شیلر شمس سارا خاوری نژاد اکرم عیدیمقدمه و هدف: رزماری با نام علمی(Rosmarinus officinalis L.) شامل گونههایی است که از ارزش دارویی و غذایی بالایی برخوردار میباشند. با توجه به اهمیت سیستم آنزیمی آنتیاکسیدانی به عنوان یکی از عوامل مؤثر در افزایش ضریب مقاومت گیاهان Moreمقدمه و هدف: رزماری با نام علمی(Rosmarinus officinalis L.) شامل گونههایی است که از ارزش دارویی و غذایی بالایی برخوردار میباشند. با توجه به اهمیت سیستم آنزیمی آنتیاکسیدانی به عنوان یکی از عوامل مؤثر در افزایش ضریب مقاومت گیاهان به تنش­های محیطی مختلف، در این تحقیق برخی از خواص بیوشیمیایی آنزیمهای کاتالاز و پراکسیداز گیاه رزماریدر سه حالت مختلف مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: گیاه رزماری پس از تهیه از گلخانه در منزل نگهداری شد و برای حالت زنده بهطور مستقیم و برای حالت جدا شده از ساقه، 10 روز برگهای گیاه در مجاورت هوا قرار گرفت. برای حالت خشک نیز ابتدا 10 روز برگها در مجاورت هوا قرار گرفت سپس با کمک ماکروویو با توان 100% و به مدت 2 دقیقه به طور کامل خشک شد و سپس عصارهگیری از هریک بهصورت جداگانه انجام شد. آنزیم کاتالاز (EC 1.11.1.6) و پراکسیداز (EC 1.11.1.7) از برگهای این گیاه با استفاده از بافر فسفات M 1/0 با pH 2/7 استخراج شدند. نتایج و بحث: نتایج حاصل از ژل الکتروفورز عصاره رزماری، وجود یک ایزو آنزیم کاتالاز با pH بهینه 7 و وجود سه ایزو آنزیم پراکسیداز با pH های بهینه 5 و 7 در این گیاه را تأیید نمود. در آنزیم پراکسیداز ایزو آنزیم فعال در pH 5 در مقایسه با ایزو آنزیم فعال در 7 pH نسبت به افزایش دما در گیاه زنده مقاومتر است. همچنین آنزیم کاتالاز نیز نسبت به پراکسیداز دارای مقاومت بالاتری میباشد و طی تنش فعالیت خود را افزایش میدهد. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: این پژوهش نشان داد که گیاه رزماری به دلیل وجود ترکیبات آنتیاکسیدانی چون آنزیمهای کاتالاز و پراکسیداز میتواند بهعنوان یک منبع ارزان و قابل دسترس برای استخراج این ترکیبات باشد و همچنین نتایج این تحقیق با به دست آوردن راندمان بیشتر مواد مؤثره گیاهی، می­تواند کمک بزرگی به صنعت داروسازی نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Influence of Dietary Supplementation of Guava Leaf, Oxytetracycline, and Tert-Butylhydroxytoluene on Growth Performance, Gut Microbial Population, Immune Status, Carcass, and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens
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39 - Fortification of Catalase Improves Post Thaw Fertility of Goat Semen
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40 - Effect of vermicompost fertilizer on antioxidant enzymes and chlorophyll contents in Borago officinalis under salinity stress
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41 - Sodium nitroprusside and salicylic acid decrease antioxidant enzymes activity in soybean
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42 - Effect of vermicompost and mycorrhiza fungi on yield and growth of milk thistle and antioxidant system activity.
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43 - Physiological responses of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) to plant growth regulators and salinity stress
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44 - Responses of tepary bean plant under change in growth condition
Tabasom Ghadimian Hamid Madani Nourali Sajedi Masoud Gomarian Saeed Chavoshi -
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45 - The antagonistic and synergistic effects of naphthalic anhydride and 1aminobenzotriazole to imazethapyr toxicity in maize
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46 - Antioxidant enzymes response to medicinal plant of Bakhtiari savory Satureja bachtiarica Bunge.affected by density and organic fertilizers in dryland farming conditions
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47 - Effect of foliar application of Cycocel and some micronutrients on activity of antioxidant enzymes of Triticum aestivum under drought stress
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48 - Effect of harvest time and height on seed quality and enzyme activity in onion (Allium cepa L.) seeds
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49 - The Effect of Zinc excess on antioxidant enzymes, proline and soluble carbohydrates in Plantago major L.
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50 - The effect of ageing on antioxidant and biochemical changes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds.
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51 - Effects of phosphorus on antioxidant system in pepper cultivars under saline conditions.
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52 - Evaluation of proline content and enzymatic defense mechanism in response to drought stress in rice
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53 - ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیکی دو رقم رز (Rosa hybrida L.) تحت سطوح مختلف سایهدهی در شرایط گلخانهای
منصوره حاتمیان حسن صالحیدر بسیاری مناطق ایران شدت نور در طول تابستان می­تواند منجر به تنش نوری در گیاهان تحت شرایط گلخانه و هوای آزاد شود. علی­رغم اینکه رزها جهت رشد بهینه مکان­های آفتابی را می­پسندند، اما در عمل به صورت تجربی مقداری سایه­دهی در تولید رزهای گلخانه­ای در Moreدر بسیاری مناطق ایران شدت نور در طول تابستان می­تواند منجر به تنش نوری در گیاهان تحت شرایط گلخانه و هوای آزاد شود. علی­رغم اینکه رزها جهت رشد بهینه مکان­های آفتابی را می­پسندند، اما در عمل به صورت تجربی مقداری سایه­دهی در تولید رزهای گلخانه­ای در بین کشاورزان منطقه جهت بهبود کیفیت گل تولیدی اعمال می­شود. یافتن شدت نوری که ارقام مختلف رز عملکرد و کیفیت مطلوب را تولید کنند بسیار ضروری است. در مطالعه حاضر شدت­ نورهای مختلف برای دو رقم رز "Red One" و “Gulmira” بوسیله سطوح مختلف سایه­دهی 1200، 640، 520 و 240 میکرومول بر مترمربع بر ثانیه بوسیله توری­های پلاستیکی سبز رنگ بکار رفت. نتایج نشان داد که غلظت پروتئین برگ، فعالیت پراکسیداز، مقادیر کربوهیدراتها و غلظت آنتوسیانین گلبرگ به طور معنی­داری تحت تأثیر سطوح سایه­دهی قرار گرفتند. بالاترین غلظت پروتئین در تیمار شدت نور 640 میکرومول بر مترمربع بر ثانیه بدست آمد. بالاترین غلظت آنتوسیانین گلبرگها در رقم “Red One” و تحت شدت نور 520 میکرومول بر مترمربع بر ثانیه بدست آمد. در رقم “Gulmira” نیز بیشترین مقدار آنتوسیانین در همین شدت نور بدست آمد ولی تفاوت آماری با دیگر تیمارهای سایه­دهی نداشتند. بیشترین غلظت کربوهیدراتهای برگ در شدت نور 520 میکرومول بر مترمربع بر ثانیه بدست آمد. نتایج بطور کلی بیانگر آن است که وقتی شدت نور بالاست، سایه­دهی تا یک شدت نور حدود 520 میکرومول بر مترمربع بر ثانیه می­تواند منجر به بهبود کیفی گل رز شود. Manuscript profile -
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54 - تاثیر نیترات سریم و اسید سالیسیلیک بر عمر گلجایی و سیستم آنتیاکسیدانی گلهای شاخه بریده لیسیانتوس (Eustoma grandiflorum cv. Pink Picotte)
فیروزه پورزرنگار داورد هاشم آبادیبهمنظور کاهش ضایعات پس از برداشت گلهای شاخه بریده لیسیانتوس رقم ’Pink Picotte‘ آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل اسید سالیسیلیک (SA) (50، 100 و 200 میلیگرم /لیتر) و نیترات سریم (20، 40، 80 و 200 میکرومولار) بودند Moreبهمنظور کاهش ضایعات پس از برداشت گلهای شاخه بریده لیسیانتوس رقم ’Pink Picotte‘ آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل اسید سالیسیلیک (SA) (50، 100 و 200 میلیگرم /لیتر) و نیترات سریم (20، 40، 80 و 200 میکرومولار) بودند که بهصورت پالس 24 ساعته بههمراه ساکارز 3 درصد استفاده شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر SA و نیترات سریم در همه صفات ارزیابی شده بهجز ماده خشک معنیدار است. تیمارهای 40 میکرومولار نیترات سریم (42/15 روز) و 100 میلیگرم / لیتر SA (20/15 روز) موفقترین تیمارها در افزایش عمر گلجایی بودند. این تیمارها علاوه بر عمر گلجایی در جلوگیری از کاهش وزن تر، کاهش جمعیت باکتریایی محلول گلجایی و افزایش کلروفیل برگ برترین تیمارها بودند. بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز متعلق به 40 میکرومولار نیترات سریم (8.57 IU g-1 FW min-1) بود که از نظر آماری با تیمارهای 50 و 100 میلیگرم در لیتر SA اختلاف معنیداری نداشت. همچنین این تیمارها در افزایش فعالیت آنزیم SOD موثر بودند. در این پژوهش کاربرد 200 میلیگرم / لیتر SA اثر منفی بر عمرگلجایی و صفات وابسته به آن داشت. در کل کاربرد غلظتهای بالای نیترات سریم (80 و 200 میکرومولار) و اسید سالیسیلیک (200 میلیگرم در لیتر) در محلول گلجایی گلهای شاخه بریده لیسیانتوس رقم ’Pink Picotte‘ توصیه نمیشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - غربالگری عمر گلجایی و صفات بیوشیمیایی هشت رقم گل شاخه بریده آلسترومریا
سحر نقی لو علی سلیمانی ولی ربیعی احمد خلیقی محمدطاهر هرکی نژاد گل آلسترومریا به­دلیل طول عمر و طیف گسترده­ای از رنگ­ها به یکی از محبوبترین گل­­ها در اروپا تبدیل شده است. با این وجود پژمردگی زودرس و ریزش گلچه­ها حتی قبل از باز شدم آن­ها عمر گلجایی آن را کاهش می­دهد. به همین دلیل آز More گل آلسترومریا به­دلیل طول عمر و طیف گسترده­ای از رنگ­ها به یکی از محبوبترین گل­­ها در اروپا تبدیل شده است. با این وجود پژمردگی زودرس و ریزش گلچه­ها حتی قبل از باز شدم آن­ها عمر گلجایی آن را کاهش می­دهد. به همین دلیل آزمایشی با هدف بررسی صفات بیوشیمیایی و مورفولوژیکی گل­های آلسترومریا به­منظور غربالگری هشت رقم Topaz, Chicago, Mayfair, Onyx, Frosty, Bellevue, Samanthaو Dimension ازگل­های شاخه بریده آلسترومریا انجام شد. در طول اجرای آزمایش صفاتی چون عمر گلجایی، پژمردگی، جذب آب، میزان کلروفیل، درصد مواد جامد محلول، محتوای آب نسبی، فعالیت کاتالاز، فعالیت پراکسیداز و پروتئین مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. داده­ها با روش کلاستر مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصل مشخص نمود که رقم Frosty و Mayfairاز نظر صفات بیوشیمیایی و مورفولوژیکی بیشترین اختلاف را با یکدیگر داشتند. اما Frosty متفاوت­ترین رقم از سایر ارقام بود به گونه­ای که در تجزیه کلاستر در گروه جداگانه قرار گرفت. در نتیجه، دو رقم با طولانی­ترین و کوتاه­ترین طول عمر مشخص شد. همچنین بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز مربوط به رقم Frosty بود و با رقم Mayfair تفاوت معنی­داری داشت. Manuscript profile -
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56 - تغییرات در فنول کل و برخی فعالیتهای آنتی اکسیدانهای آنزیمی و غیر آنزیمی شمعدانی عطری (Pelargonium graveolens) در پاسخ به آسکوربیک اسید خارجی و تغذیه آهن
عبدالحسین رضایی نژاد زینب ایزدی کبری سپهوند حسن مومیوند صادق موسوی فردفعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی قوی حاصل از اسانس و عصاره شمعدانی عطری بسیار مشهور است. سوالی که در این تحقیق مطرح شده است این است که آیا غلظت­های مختلف آسکوربیک اسید خارجی و آهن می­توانند فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی و میزان فنول کل را در شمعدانی عطری تحت تاثی Moreفعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی قوی حاصل از اسانس و عصاره شمعدانی عطری بسیار مشهور است. سوالی که در این تحقیق مطرح شده است این است که آیا غلظت­های مختلف آسکوربیک اسید خارجی و آهن می­توانند فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی و میزان فنول کل را در شمعدانی عطری تحت تاثیر قرار دهند. بدین­ترتیب، سه سطح از آهن (0، 20 و 40 میکرومولار) و سه سطح از آسکوربیک اسید (0، 1، 2 میلی مولار) در محلول غذایی در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه کاملا تصادفی، با 6 تکرار ترکیب شدند و میزان کلروفیل، فنول کل و فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدانی در برگ­ها اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که میزان اسانس، فعالیت آسکوبات پراکسیداز و کاتالاز در برگ­های گیاهان تحت شرایط فقر آهن بدون توجه به غلظت آسکوربیک اسید افزایش نشان داد. بالاترین فعالیت پراکسیداز در نمونه­هایی که تحت تیمار 20 میکرومولار آهن با یک میلی مولار آسکوربیک اسید قرار داشتند، مشاهده شد. فنول کل با افزایش غلظت آهن افزایش پیدا کرد. علی رغم اثر مثبت آسکوربیک اسید روی میزان رنگریزه­ها، گیاهان تیمار شده با آسکوربیک اسید میزان فنول کل کمتری را در کلیه غلظت­های آهن بکار رفته نشان دادند. بطورکلی، غلظت­های پایین آهن موجب افزایش میزان اسانس و فعالیت­ مقابله با رادیکال­های آزاد در این گیاه گردید. آسکوربیک اسید موجب افزایش میزان اسانس شد، درحالی­که موجب کاهش فنول کل و فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی در این گیاه شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - اثر محلولپاشی اسید آسکوربیک بر ویژگیهای اکوفیزیولوژیکی پریوش (Catharanthus roseus) تحت تنش کمبود آب
علی حسینیآب یکی از مهمترین عوامل محیطی تنظیم کننده رشد و نمو گیاهان است و کمبود آب مهمترین عامل محدودکننده تولیدات گیاهی بهشمار میرود، به­ طوری که از چندین ماده شیمیایی برای کاهش اثرات مضر کمبود آب استفاده شده است. یکی از این ترکیبات اسید آسکوربیک است و دارای اثرات Moreآب یکی از مهمترین عوامل محیطی تنظیم کننده رشد و نمو گیاهان است و کمبود آب مهمترین عامل محدودکننده تولیدات گیاهی بهشمار میرود، به­ طوری که از چندین ماده شیمیایی برای کاهش اثرات مضر کمبود آب استفاده شده است. یکی از این ترکیبات اسید آسکوربیک است و دارای اثرات آنتی­ اکسیدانی در گیاهان میباشد. به­ همین منظور یک آزمایش گلدانی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملاَ تصادفی با سه تکرار جهت بررسی اثر کمبود آب بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک پریوش تحت محلولپاشی اسید آسکوربیک، در سال 1399 انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل: تنش کمبود آب در چهار سطح (1: بدون تنش آبیاری در100 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه؛ 2: تنش ملایم آبیاری در 75 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه؛ 3: تنش متوسط آبیاری در 50 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه و 4: تنش شدید آبیاری در 25 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه) و محلولپاشی اسید آسکوربیک در چهار سطح (صفر، ۲۵، ۵۰، 100 میلیمولار) بودند. نتایج بهدست آمده نشان داد که غلظت کلروفیل a و کاروتنوئید، قند محلول برگ، مقدار پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز با افزایش شدت کمبود آب افزایش یافت ولی صفات وزن خشک ریشه و بیومس کل کاهش یافتند. کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک منجر به بهبود صفات اندازهگیری شد و سطوح کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک نسبت به عدم کاربرد آن برتری معنیدار داشت و سطح 50 میلیمولار نسبت به سایر سطوح، تاثیر بیشتری، در اغلب صفات، داشت. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده، کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک برای بهبود رشد گیاهانی مانند پریوش تحت تنش خشکی قابل توصیه میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - تاثیر محلولپاشی سیلیکون بر واکنشهای فیزیولوژیکی داوودی (Dendranthema ×grandiflorum) در دو مرحله رشد مختلف
هادی حاجی زاده زهره جبارزاده این پژوهش برای ارزیابی واکنش های فیزیولوژیکی داوودی به محلولپاشی سیلیکون در شرایط بدون تنش انجام شد. این پژوهش به صورت دو آزمایش جداگانه (در مرحله 5-4 برگی و 12-8 برگی) به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با دو فاکتور نوع سیلیکون (در دو نوع: سیلیکات سدیم و س More این پژوهش برای ارزیابی واکنش های فیزیولوژیکی داوودی به محلولپاشی سیلیکون در شرایط بدون تنش انجام شد. این پژوهش به صورت دو آزمایش جداگانه (در مرحله 5-4 برگی و 12-8 برگی) به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با دو فاکتور نوع سیلیکون (در دو نوع: سیلیکات سدیم و سیلیکات کلسیم) و غلظت سیلیکون (در 5 غلظت صفر، 50، 100، 150 و 200 میلی گرم در لیتر) در محیط کشت کوکوپیت- پرلیت (به نسبت حجمی 1:1) با 4 تکرار و 2 مشاهده انجام شد. ویژگی های فیزیولوژیکی نظیر فعالیت آنزیم های کاتالاز، آسکوربات پراکسیداز، گایاکول پراکسیداز، میزان پرولین، مالون دی آلدئید و پراکسید هیدروژن اندازه گیری شدند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که محلولپاشی با سیلیکات سدیم و کلسیم، میزان مالون دی آلدئید و فعالیت آنزیم های کاتالاز، آسکوربات پراکسیداز و گایاکول پراکسیداز را افزایش داد ولی پرولین و پراکسید هیدوژن کاهش یافتند. در کل، در مرحله 12-8 برگی، غلظت های زیاد سیلیکات سدیم (150 و 200 میلی گرم در لیتر) در افزایش فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی و کاهش میزان پرولین، مالون دی آلدئید و پراکسید هیدروژن موثرتر بود. در مرحله 5-4 برگی، سیلیکات سدیم با غلظت 100 میلی گرم در لیتر، فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدانی را افزایش داد و سیلیکات کلسیم با غلظت 150 میلی گرم در لیتر، میزان پرولین، مالون دی آلدئید و پراکسید هیدروژن را کاهش داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Effect of Al antioxidiant enzymes activity,nitratereductase activity, amount of osmolite and release of ammonium in Dunaliella salina teodoresco
A. Sateei M. Ghorbanli F. YadollahiAluminum effect with 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 1000 µ molar concentrations was considered during ten days on Dunaliella salina teodoresco antioxidant enzymes, smolit contents,nitrate reductase activity and ammonium release on were measured. The results showed MoreAluminum effect with 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 1000 µ molar concentrations was considered during ten days on Dunaliella salina teodoresco antioxidant enzymes, smolit contents,nitrate reductase activity and ammonium release on were measured. The results showed that ammonium release, peroxidase , nitrate reductase activity and glycinebetaine content had not any significant differences but catalase,superoxide dismutase(300 µmolar concentration) activities,and prolin content decreased and ascorbate peroxidase activity increased significantly.Based on the results of this study, the green alga Dunaliella salina teodoresco green alga can tolerate Al stress by ascorbate peroxidase activity increase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Effect of Drought Stress on Morphophysiological Traits of Thymus vulgaris L. in a Field Experiment, Borujerd, Iran
Davod Akhzari Hamidreza Kavian -
Open Access Article
61 - Studying the effect of irrigation regimes and superabsorbent levels on the antioxidant enzymes on the relative permeability of cell membranes in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)
mansour fazeli rostampour مسعود فاضلی رستم پورIn order to evaluate the effect of irrigation regimes and superabsorbent polymer (SAP) on amount of antioxidant enzymes, leaf relative water content and relationships between them with relative permeability of cell membranes in sorghum, the experiment was conducted in D MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of irrigation regimes and superabsorbent polymer (SAP) on amount of antioxidant enzymes, leaf relative water content and relationships between them with relative permeability of cell membranes in sorghum, the experiment was conducted in Dashtak region of Zahedan during 2013 and 2014 seasons. The experimental design was a split plot with two factors including four irrigation regimes )40, 60, 80 and 100% crop evapotranspiration( as main plots, four amounts of SAP )0, 75, 150 and 225 kg ha-1( as subplots in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The results indicated that the effect of irrigation regimes, SAP levels and interaction effects of two factors were significant. The regression models estimated for superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and RPCM showed that showed that by increasing the amount of irrigation and SAP, the traits were decreased. In addition, by decreasing in leaf relative water content, the antioxidant enzymes and relative permeability of cell membranes increased. The experiment findings indicate that at the application 75 kg ha-1 SAP and supplying 80% of sorghum water requirement, the relative permeability of cell membranes was 59.83, that was similar to 100% irrigation along with the application 150 and 225 kg ha-1 SAP. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Ions content and antioxidant response of barley to different methods of salicylic acid application under salinity conditions
Elahe Hashemi Yahya Emam Hadi Pirasteh-AnoshehAlthough it has been well-known that salicylic acid (SA) can increase salinity tolerance in barley; there is no consensus on the best method and time of application. Thus, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design under controlled conditions was condu MoreAlthough it has been well-known that salicylic acid (SA) can increase salinity tolerance in barley; there is no consensus on the best method and time of application. Thus, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design under controlled conditions was conducted at College of Agriculture, Shiraz University in 2014. In this research, the effect of SA at five levels: control (No SA), seed priming, foliar application at complete establishment, double ridges and anthesis was examined on grain yield, sodium (Na+ ) and potassium (K+ ) concentration in shoot and root as well as antioxidant enzymes activities of barley cv. Reyhane under three salt stress levels: control, 6 and 12 dS m-1. The results showed that salt stress, depended to its severity reduced Na+ and increased K+ in shoot and root and enhanced antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase, catalase, ascorbic peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, so that the most severe salt stress caused 147.4% increase in Na+ and 44.1% reduction in K+ . Nevertheless, SA in priming and foliar application could compensate some of these changes and so increased grain yield. For example, seed priming and foliar application at complete establishment, double ridges and anthesis increased K+ by 72.7%, 77.3%, 22.7% and 18.2% and decreased Na+ by 37.8%, 40.5%, 27.0% and 13.5%, respectively. Overall, it can be concluded that the highest positive effect f SA was observed in seed priming and foliar application at establishment, which showed that SA might induce more salt stress tolerance if applied at early growth stages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Pretreatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) reduces the negative effects of salt stress on wheat
T. Jfarian M.J. ZareThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment on morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical ON wheat seedling under salt stress conditions. In this regards a greenhouse experimentation carried out as factoria MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment on morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical ON wheat seedling under salt stress conditions. In this regards a greenhouse experimentation carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications and three levels of salinity (0, 80 and 120 mM NaCl), and four levels of hydrogen peroxide ( 0, 25 , 50 , 80 mM). Hydrogen peroxide caused an increase of Catalase and ascorbate peroxidase in wheat seedling under salinity condition. This increase was associated with reducing the damage of free radicals in produced wheat. Under salinity stress pre-treated wheat with hydrogen peroxide had higher chlorophyll and relative water content. Also Hydrogen peroxide reduced the negative effect of salinity on water, height and root dry weight of wheat seedling. There was no significant effect of hydrogen peroxide on ionic leakage. Overall seed priming with hydrogen peroxide improves the physiological and biochemical characteristics of wheat and increase its resistance to salt stress conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The effect of salicylic acid, glycine betaine and gamma amino butyric acid foliar spray on Carla antioxidant activity under water deficit stress
Afsoon Rezaie Alulu Azizollah Kheiry Mohsen Sanikhani Masoud ArghavaniIn order to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid, glycine betaine and gamma_ aminobutyric acid foliar spray on anti-oxidant activity of enzymes and non-enzymatic agents of Carla (Momordica charantia L.) under water deficit stress, an experiment was conducted as split p MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid, glycine betaine and gamma_ aminobutyric acid foliar spray on anti-oxidant activity of enzymes and non-enzymatic agents of Carla (Momordica charantia L.) under water deficit stress, an experiment was conducted as split plots based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Research Farm University of Zanjan during 2017. The treatments consisted of three levels of irrigation (50, 75 and 100% field capacity) as the main plots and two levels of salicylic acid (2 and 4 mM), glycine betaine (50 and 100 mM), and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) (10 and 20 mM) plus control were used as sub plots. Based on the results, increasing of water deficit stress, significantly increased the activity of catalase, peroxidase and antioxidant activity of leaf, as well as total phenol and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of fruit, but the amount of vitamin C decreased. The interaction of irrigation regimes with experimental treatments caused a significant increase in measured traits. The highest level of leaf and fruit antioxidant activity was obtained using 4 mM salicylic acid and 100 mM glycine, respectively, in 75% field capacity. Considering that in this study, plants treated with salicylic acid, glycine betaine and GABA in different irrigation regimes had higher enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity than control plants, therefore it seems that application of these materials can be effective in producing Carla under water deficit stress resistance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Evaluating the effect of plastic mulch and some plant growth regulators on changes in some leaf elements, enzymes and nitrate accumulation in onion (Allium cepa) at water deficit conditions
Mohammadhassan shirzadi mohammad javad arvin Abdolhosayn Aboutalebi mohammadreza hassandokhtThe effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and plastic mulch on the amount of some leaf elements, enzymes and nitrate accumulation in onions under water deficit stress was investigated. The main plots consisted of water deficit stress treatment at three levels (100% w MoreThe effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and plastic mulch on the amount of some leaf elements, enzymes and nitrate accumulation in onions under water deficit stress was investigated. The main plots consisted of water deficit stress treatment at three levels (100% water requirement, 80% and 60% water requirement), and subplots including mulch (in two levels of application and no application of dark plastic) and PGRs factor in Six levels (zero, salicylic acid (0.5 mM), methyl jasmonate (5 and 7.5 µM), 24-Epibrassinolide (0.5 and 1 µM). Significant interaction was observed between low water stress and PGRs in the amount of nitrogen, catalase, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde enzymes, methionine, isoleucine and proline amino acids, ion leakage, chlorophyll and carotenoids pigmentation. The effect of the PGRs was mainly effective in water deficit conditions. Also, the interaction of water deficit and plastic mulch in addition to these traits was significant on the amino acid valine and tyrosine traits and phosphorus and potassium of leaf and this effect was significant under water deficit condition. Brassinolide growth regulator treatment had the most effect on reducing nitrate in onion bulb. Under non stress, mild stress and severe stress condition, 1 micromolar brassinosteroid reduced 26, 23 and 31 percent of onion nitrate, respectively. Also, plastic mulch under non stress conditions have no effect on reducing the accumulation of nitrate, but under severe stress conditions (60% water requirement), use of plastic mulch detergent reduced the 13% accumulation of nitrate compared with the control Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Effects of drought stress on biomass, enzyme activity and proline content of Ziziphus spina-christi leaf and root at nursery condition
J. MirzaeiIn this study the biomass, proline content and enzyme activity of root and leaf ofZiziphus spina-christiseedlings under drought stress were studied in nursery conditions. For this purpose, the seedlings of Z. spina-christi were exposed to four levels of drought stress ( MoreIn this study the biomass, proline content and enzyme activity of root and leaf ofZiziphus spina-christiseedlings under drought stress were studied in nursery conditions. For this purpose, the seedlings of Z. spina-christi were exposed to four levels of drought stress (25%, 50%, 75% and 100% field capacity) in nursery of Mehran city, Ilam with sub-tropical climate for 9 months. Finaly, survival, fresh and dry weight of root and shoot, proline content and activity of Catalase, Peroxidase and Superoxid-Dismutase enzymes of Z. spina-christiseedlings were measured. The results showed that drought stress decreased the survival, fresh and dry weight of shoot, root, root fresh weight and root volume. Also, drought stress increased Peroxidase and Superoxide-dismutase enzyme activities of seedling shoots. The free proline content of shoot in seedlings subjected to drought stress was higher than other treatments, but it affected proline content of roots. This study revealed that despite the drought resistance of Z. spina-christiseedlings, the biomass decreased and activity of peroxidase, superoxide-dismutase enzymes and proline content increased under drought stress condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Assessment of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress among Patients with Lymphoma
Hosnie Hoseini Parichehreh Yaghmaei Gholamrezagh Bahari Saeed Aminzadeh -
Open Access Article
68 - Effect of Tannery Effluents on the Antioxidant Enzymes of a Fresh Water Fish Channa striatus
Sivachandran Ramachandran Navaneetha Lakshmi Krishnan Priya Ponmudi -
Open Access Article
69 - The Effect of Scrophularia striata Hydroalcoholic Extract in the Prevention of Gastric Ulcers Induced by Indomethacin in Rats
Sh. Ferdowsi Z. Hooshmandi E. ShahmoradiA peptic ulcer is a common disease. One of the goals of therapy is using drugs with fewer side effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Scrophularia strata (Scrophularia) extract in the prevention of gastric ulcers induced by indomethacin in rats. Overall, MoreA peptic ulcer is a common disease. One of the goals of therapy is using drugs with fewer side effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Scrophularia strata (Scrophularia) extract in the prevention of gastric ulcers induced by indomethacin in rats. Overall, 64 male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups. Experimental groups including 1- control group that received normal saline 0.9% and at the last day received 48 mg indomethacin. 2- Ascorbic acid 50 mg/kg -indomethacin treatment; 3- Omeprazole 10 mg/kg-indomethacin treatment; 4- Ranitidine 50 mg/kg-indomethacin treatment; 5- S. strata 10 mg/kg –indomethacin treatment; 6- S. strata 50 mg/kg -indomethacin treatment; 7- S. strata 100 mg/kg-indomethacin treatment; 8- S. strata 150 mg/kg-indomethacin treatment. After macroscopic examination, stomach tissue was studied to examine the enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity levels in S. strata 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg treatment was significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.001). The superoxide dismutase activity in S. strata 100 and 150 mg/kg treatment was significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.001). Stomach tissue damage significantly decreased in the group receiving 100 and 150 mg/kg S. strata and group receiving ranitidine and indomethacin compared to control (P<0.001). S. strata extract increased catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase and dose-dependently prevented the stomach tissue damage (by increasing the level of endogenic antioxidant). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Study of improvements in the biological yield and the physiologic indicators of Ajwan (Carum copticum L.) as affected by application of polyamines under salt stress conditions
Ali Reza Dadgar Mohamad Rahim OwjiThis experiment was conducted to study the improvement of biological yield and physiological indicators of Ajwan by application of polyamines under salt stress conditions in 2018. A factorial study was conducted with a randomized complete design with two factors and thr MoreThis experiment was conducted to study the improvement of biological yield and physiological indicators of Ajwan by application of polyamines under salt stress conditions in 2018. A factorial study was conducted with a randomized complete design with two factors and three replications. The first factor included four levels of water salinity including the control (without salt stress) and salinities of 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg/l. The second factor included five levels of using zero polyamine, 0.5 and 1.5 mmol/l putrescine and 0.5 and 1.5 mmol/l spermidine. The results showed that increasing the salinity levels resulted in a reduction of the height, the biological yield, the lateral branch and the number of umbels in the plant. The lowest amount of chlorophyll a and b and the highest sodium and chloride content in the salt stress of 3000 mg/l was observed. Under salt stress of 2000 mg/l, the spermidine treatment as 1.5 and 0.5 mmol/l led to an increase in the proline content to the amounts of 44.56 and 40.16% as compared with that of the control. Also, the highest peroxidase in the spermidine treatment of 1.5 and 0.5 mmol/l was observed in the amounts of 3.60 and 3.20 micromoles per minute protein. Therefore, the polyamine compounds lead to the reduction of the salt stress effects through improvement in the physiologic characteristics, including increase in the osmotic adjusting compounds and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, the polyamine compound of spermidine has a better function than putrescine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Effect of drought conditions and mycorrhiza on yield components and enzime activity of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius .L)
Amir Momeni Hossein Ali Sheybani Mohammad Reza MomayeziIn order to study the Effect of mycorrhiza on yield and yield components of Safflower under drought stress an experiment in split plot based on complete block design with three replications in 1392 in Varamin region was done. treatments were first factor drought in four MoreIn order to study the Effect of mycorrhiza on yield and yield components of Safflower under drought stress an experiment in split plot based on complete block design with three replications in 1392 in Varamin region was done. treatments were first factor drought in four irrigation regimes including 50 (Control), 90, and 130 mm evaporation from evaporation pan (Class A) and the second factor consisted of four levels of mycorrhiza (Control, 100, 200 and 300 mg) respectively. Results showed a significant effect of mycorrhiza on oil percentage and catalase, glutathione enzymes. Effect of drought stress on catalase, glutathione, superoxide dismutase enzymes and proline and protein and oil percentage was significant. Interactions between drought stress and mycorrhiza was significant and The Best Results in normal irrigation (control) and 200 mg treatment was observed. The highest oil content in the seed inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi 200 mg (B3) and control (B1), respectively, with an average of 28.11 and 23.44 per cent respectively. The highest and lowest catalase activity in the treatment of 130 mm evaporation Class A3 (severe stress) and 50 mm evaporation Class A1 (conventional irrigation), respectively, 16.6 and 9.7 mg protein per minute Was obtained. Most of the glutathione peroxidase activity in the treatment of severe drought stress (4.8 mg protein per minute) and the lowest in the treatment of stress (9.4 mg protein per min). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Effects of lead and cadmium contamination on seed germination and enzyme activities in seed corn (Zea mays L.) KSC 704
Hosain Barkand Pourangh Kasraie Hamidreza Tohidi MoghadamIn order to study of lead and cadmium effects onseed germination and enzyme activities an experiment was conducted in seed laboratory of department of agronomy in Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran in 2015 on seed corn. The experiment was installed in a completely r MoreIn order to study of lead and cadmium effects onseed germination and enzyme activities an experiment was conducted in seed laboratory of department of agronomy in Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran in 2015 on seed corn. The experiment was installed in a completely randomized design, with treatments arranged in a factorial scheme with five levels of lead (0, 10, 40, 700 and 100 μM.Lit-1) by five levels cadmium application (0, 10, 40, 700 and 100 μM.Lit-1), with three replicates. The results showed that lead and cadmium effects treatment significantly for all experimental traits. Also with increased concentrations of heavy metals decreased germination percentage, germination rate , plumule dry weight, radicle dry weight, α-amylase enzyme and phosphatase enzyme activity, by contrast catalase enzyme activity was increased. Also interaction between lead and cadmium effect showed the lowest and greatest germination rate respectively 5.68 and 8.92 (Seed per day), radicle dry weight 0.34 and 0.66 (g), α-amylase enzyme 3.3 and 5.9 (IU. g FW-1) and phosphatase enzyme 0.9 and 4.3 (IU. g FW-1) activity was obtained when seed corn was exposure in 100 μM.Lit-1 to lead and cadmium used together respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Effect of foliar application of selenium onquality traits and enzyme activities of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius .L) under different soil moisture regimes stress in varamin region
Behnam Khademi Hossein Ali Shaibani Arash BorzouIn order to study the effect of selenium foliar application on yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius.L) under different soil moisture regimes stress an experiment in split plot based on Randomized complete block design with three replications in MoreIn order to study the effect of selenium foliar application on yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius.L) under different soil moisture regimes stress an experiment in split plot based on Randomized complete block design with three replications in 1393 in The Islamic University research farm Varamin unit. Treatments were main plot drought in four irrigation regimes including 50 (Control), 80, and 110 mm evaporation from evaporation pan (Class A) and sub plotconsisted offour levelsof selenium (Control, 100, 200 and 300 mg/lit) respectively. Results showed a significant effect of drought stress and selenium on Catalase, Glutathione, Superoxide dismutase, Oil and protein percentage. Effect of selenium on selenium content of grain was significant but the effect of drought stress on this trait is not significant. Interactions between drought stress and selenium on selenium content of grain and oil percentage was significant and The Best Results in normal irrigation (control) and 300 mg treatment was obtained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - The effect of humic acid foliar application on yield and some quality traits of Lolla rossa lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under salt stress
روما kalhor MonfaredSalinity stress is one of the important stresses in reducing the yield of plants, especially leafy plants, and it is very important to provide solutions to deal with it. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design MoreSalinity stress is one of the important stresses in reducing the yield of plants, especially leafy plants, and it is very important to provide solutions to deal with it. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in four replications in a greenhouse located in Naziabad, Karaj on llolaroza lettuce hydroponically under salt stress conditions. The factors of this research included humic acid in four concentrations 0 (control), 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/l and salinity stress at two levels no stress (control) and 30 mM. The results showed that application of salinity stress decreased the yield of Lolla rossa lettuce. The application of humic acid and increasing its concentration increased the quantitative and qualitative performance of this plant and reduced the negative effects of salinity stress. The highest yield of fresh weight of lettuce was 682.27 g/m2, related to the mutual effects of humic acid treatments of 1500 mg/l and salinity stress. The application of humic acid and increasing its concentration decreased the activity of catalase enzyme and ascorbate peroxidase enzyme. Salt stress increased the activity of catalase enzyme and ascorbate peroxidase enzyme. The lowest activity of catalase enzyme (0.004 µmole FW/min) and ascorbate peroxidase enzyme (0.41µmol H2O2 min-1.mg-1 protein), related to the interaction of humic acid 1500 mg/l and control of salinity stress. The highest activity of catalase enzyme (0.024 µmole FW/min) and ascorbate peroxidase enzyme(0.81 µmol H2O2 min-1.mg-1 protein) were observed in humic acid control under salt stress condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - The effect of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and copper foliar application on some physiological traits and quantitative yield of SC704 maize hybrid under water deficit stress
Abdollah Ayaran Mohamad Reza Dadnia mojtaba alavifazel شهرام لک Tayeb SakinejadIn order to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and copper foliar application on some physiological traits and quantitative yield of corn under water deficit stress, a Split split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design w MoreIn order to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and copper foliar application on some physiological traits and quantitative yield of corn under water deficit stress, a Split split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications, plants were planted in during two years (2017-19) in Baghmalek. The main plot of the irrigation regime with 4 normal levels, stopping irrigation 40, 55 and 70 days after the appearance of tassels, the sub-plot of copper foliar spraying with two control levels and 0.30 kg net per hectare from the source of copper sulfate 50% 25 days after the emergence of tassel and sub-plot of seed treatment with hydrogen peroxide with 3 control levels, 30 and 60 mM. The results showed that the triple interaction of irrigation regime, copper foliar application and hydrogen peroxide on chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b, total carotenoid, catalase activity, plant height, number of seeds in a row and seed yield was significant at the probability level of 1%. The highest plant height and the number of seeds in the row were obtained from copper foliar spraying treatments and the application of 60 mM hydrogen peroxide under normal irrigation conditions. Also, the highest seed yield (9530.07 kg/ha) was obtained under normal irrigation conditions and copper foliar spraying and the application of 60 mM hydrogen peroxide, which showed an increase of about 42% compared to the cessation of irrigation 40 days after the emergence of tassels and the absence of copper foliar spraying and the absence of hydrogen peroxide application. The activity of catalase increased by 67% in the condition of stopping irrigation 40 days after the appearance of tassel and copper foliar application and application of 30 mM hydrogen peroxide compared to normal and control irrigation conditions. In general, the results of the experiment showed that copper foliar spraying and application of 60 mM hydrogen peroxide in suitable humidity conditions can increase chlorophyll content, grain yield and overall improvement of corn production. Manuscript profile
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