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Open Access Article
1 - The Rise and Fall of the Chaks in Kashmir (962-993 A.D.)
مریم معینینیا هادی عالمزادهThe Chak family emigrated to Kashmir in the Sahh Dyve Rajah government(701-720 A.D), and a branch of them under Pando Chaks leadership was settled in Trehgāmand served Shahmiri,s soltans at administrative and army positions and converted to the Imami school coincided wi MoreThe Chak family emigrated to Kashmir in the Sahh Dyve Rajah government(701-720 A.D), and a branch of them under Pando Chaks leadership was settled in Trehgāmand served Shahmiri,s soltans at administrative and army positions and converted to the Imami school coincided with the arrival of Mir shams al-Din Muhammad Iraqi to Kashmir.This article is investigated the rise and fall of the Shiite branch of this family and its role and function in the political, social and cultural aspects of Kashmir in a descriptive-analytical method based on historical texts, particularly the Baharestan Shahi. Although Chaks ruled over the territory of Kashmir in a short period (962-993 AD), and by their internal conflicts and presence of Mongols in India-Babryan invasion-,were able to extend their authority and effective actions, to develop the Shiite school in this land so that there is today. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Measuring the factors of physical-spatial failure affecting the occurrence of crimes with emphasis on sustainable development (Case study of Baharestan city)
Hojatollah Pashapour Mostafa Tavakoli Naghmaeh fereshteh jasemnejadBackground: The unregulated development of urban communities in recent decades is considered by many experts as one of the factors underlying the occurrence of crimes and insecurity in urban areas.Method: In this research, which was carried out with a descriptive-analyt MoreBackground: The unregulated development of urban communities in recent decades is considered by many experts as one of the factors underlying the occurrence of crimes and insecurity in urban areas.Method: In this research, which was carried out with a descriptive-analytical method, an attempt was made to investigate the situation of theft and brawl crimes in Baharestan city. And factor analysis has been used to measure physical and spatial factors of security failureFindings: In this context, by distributing a questionnaire whose validity in spss software was 0.72, we asked the opinion of the citizens of Baharestan city regarding the situation, and the results indicated the unfavorable security situation of this city with a single sample T index of -17.4. . Factor analysis also shows that things like deserted space with index 0.83, interference of uses with index 0.80, space attracting men with index 0.76, spaces that can be avoided with index 0.54, winding passages with index 0.43, hidden and covered spaces Mass vegetation, which is in the next ranks, has been one of the factors affecting physical and spatial insufficiency, which is effective in the creation and development of insecurity, especially in the areas of theft and conflict, which has challenged the realization of sustainable development in security and social dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Analysis of sprawl on Chabahar urban border with Heldern and Entropy Shanon models
roghayieh golvarey karamatollah Zayyari alireza estelajiToday more than half of the population live in urban cities . One of the most important characteristics of urbanization is rapid physical expansion of the city in horizontal distribution and irregular expansion of the city outside of physical limits are one of them . Du MoreToday more than half of the population live in urban cities . One of the most important characteristics of urbanization is rapid physical expansion of the city in horizontal distribution and irregular expansion of the city outside of physical limits are one of them . Due to growth of population especially after the establishing of free trade Zone ,Chabahar city has faced rapidly growth in physical dimension .so the importance of examining the physical expansion o tge city it has been studied between from 1984 and 2019. The present research is descriptive and analytical.The research method in the present study is in terms of the type of developmental applied research and by using Heldern and Entropy Shanon models it has analysed how the physical space expansion of this city .The results of using and analyzing theses models show that these periods have been the physical and non dense physical expansion paving the way for the city unplanned sprawl growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Regional development, urban growth and Social pathology (case study: Chabahar)
حسن AfrakhtehThe port city of Chabahar is the administrative center of Chabahar which is locatedin coastal Gulf of Chabahar in Sistan and Baluchestan province. The Chabahar tradeand industrial free zone had been approved in 1991, started its activities in 1993.The main aims of the f MoreThe port city of Chabahar is the administrative center of Chabahar which is locatedin coastal Gulf of Chabahar in Sistan and Baluchestan province. The Chabahar tradeand industrial free zone had been approved in 1991, started its activities in 1993.The main aims of the free zone was optimum use of regional potentials, foreigninvestment absorption, job creation, reducing the oil economic dependency andeconomic development of south-east of Iran.The activities of free zone caused absorption of investments as well as sharpincrease in population of Chabahar city.In this paper firstly, the role of non local capital in a traditional society haveinvestigated. Then functional irregularities and social pathology resulted fromsocial and spatial structure of city has analysed. At the end some correctingviewpoints have suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Study of Local and Temporal Changes of Groundwater Quality Standards of Hamedan-Bahar Plain Using (GIS) over a 10 Year Period
Sahar Eghbalian omid BahmaniBackground and objective: Groundwater is the valuable resources for drinking, agriculture and industry uses in the most regions of Iran. Groundwater qualitative changes can be created by human activity and industrial development. Study of these resources is necessary in MoreBackground and objective: Groundwater is the valuable resources for drinking, agriculture and industry uses in the most regions of Iran. Groundwater qualitative changes can be created by human activity and industrial development. Study of these resources is necessary in order to maintaining and improving their quality. The objective of this study is zoning and regional the specification parameters point of the case study. Finally determined the best method for zoning the each of the variables and permitted and infect areas in agricultural uses. In addition behavior variables were investigated in the 10 year period of time. Method: Qualitative data of Hameda-Bahar plain in Ten-year period were used in this study. Variables such as EC, TDS, SAR, HCO3, PH, Cl & Na evaluated by Geostatical methods include of Ordinary Kriging(OK),(by Circular, Gaussian, Exponential and spherical Semivariogram Modeling) and the specific methods include inverse distance weights (IDW), radial basis functions (RBF), global polynomial interpolator (GPI) and local polynomial interpolator (LPI), were zoning with ARCGIS9.3. Findings: Results indicated that the best method to zoning the qualitative parameters were IDW (EC), RBF (TDS), OK exponential semivariogram (HCO3), IDW (PH), RBF (Cl), OK exponential semivariogram (Na) and RBF (SAR) in Hamedan-Bahar plain. According to the best method the zoning of parameters was done for 2005, 2009 and 2014 years. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that Na had the maximum changes in ground water during the study period. The area percent for this parameter increased 3.21% from 2005 to 2014. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Evaluation of Trend and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Groundwater Quality Using Water Quality Indices (Case study: Hamedan-Bahar plain)
atefeh nouraki Abdul Rahim hooshmandBackground and Objective: Awareness of the quality of groundwater resources in the planning and sustainability management of water resources is a particular importance. This study aimed to investigate the Spatial and temporal variations in groundwater quality, to select MoreBackground and Objective: Awareness of the quality of groundwater resources in the planning and sustainability management of water resources is a particular importance. This study aimed to investigate the Spatial and temporal variations in groundwater quality, to select the best index and its zoning for managing the groundwater resources of Hamedan-Bahar plain. Method: In this study, to determine the process of changes in water quality parameters, the groundwater quality indices and its zoning were used from the chemical data of the groundwater of Hamedan-Bahar plain in the period 2005 to 2014. The physical and chemical parameters of water including TDS, Na, SO4, TH and pH were measured in 25 wells and by applying two non-parametric, Mann-Kendall tests and estimating the Sen's slope, the existence of a significant trend for the annual time series was evaluated at 95 and 99% significance level. Water Quality indices (WQI, WQIAmerican and CWQI) were evaluated annually and Giljanovic comparison method was used to compare the indices. Then, by using the GIS, the most appropriate interpolation method (from among IDW, RBF, LPI and GPI) was selected to zoning the best water quality index. Findings: The results of this study showed that 4% of the qualitative variables had a significant increase, 12% had a significant decrease and 84% without a trend. Based on the existing conditions, groundwater quality of Hamedan-Bahar plain was characterized by good, good and bad grades using WQI, WQIAmerican and CWQI indices respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results of comparing different interpolation methods, RBF method was superior to other methods, and it has high accuracy and low error. Therefore, the interpolation was carried out with this method. In the end, the comparison the spatial zoning maps of the WQI index showed that at the beginning and the end of the 10-year statistical period, the index had a decreasing trend in the whole plain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - A Similarity Model for Wind Waves in Chabahar Coastal Area
Kamran Lary Masoud Torabi Azad Parisa MehdipourObservation and consideration of waves’ characteristics in coastal zone is one of the most importanttopics in the field of costal engineering. Chabahar area has attracted attentions due to its strategiclocation in transportation developments of the region with oth MoreObservation and consideration of waves’ characteristics in coastal zone is one of the most importanttopics in the field of costal engineering. Chabahar area has attracted attentions due to its strategiclocation in transportation developments of the region with other parts of the world, especially FarEast. This study looked at the data gathered from buoy during summer, and winter of 1998 to 2000and registered wind analysis during 1998 until 2003, waves and wind rose of the region. Based on thisinformation, it is shown that this region mostly has instabilities in its surface layers and most of thetime, duration-limited wave growth conditions dominated on waves. The similar model of wave,considers the relationship between non-dimensional parameters. The main objective of this research iscalculation and estimation of non-dimensional energy, frequency, fetch and duration of wind wavesand the relations between these parameters for Chabahar coast. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Identification of Sea Stars and Brittle Stars species in the coast of Chabahar Gulf
Matin Khaleghi Ali Reza Safahie Ahmad Savari Babak Doustshenas Fereidoun OwfiIntroduction: This study touches on identification of Sea stars and Brittle stars species in coast ofChabahar Gulf in the Oman Sea, IR. During November 2008 to September 2009.Method study: The area of study was at the farthest end of south east of Iran in province of Si MoreIntroduction: This study touches on identification of Sea stars and Brittle stars species in coast ofChabahar Gulf in the Oman Sea, IR. During November 2008 to September 2009.Method study: The area of study was at the farthest end of south east of Iran in province of Sistan andBalouchestan. Samplings were randomly done bimonthly during low tide from 5 stations, by using1m×1m quadrate. Then, samples were counted, identified.Results: The results showed that 7 species of echinodermata including: Aquilonastra burtonii,Astropecten phragmorus, Astropecten hemprichi, Macrophiothrix elongate, Macrophiothrix cheneyifrom 2classes Asteroidea and Ophiuroidea and from 3orders Spinulosa, Paxillosida, Ophiurida and 3families Asterinidae, Astropectinidae, Ophiotrichidae.Discussion and Conclusion: Aquilonastra burtonii attendance was in all of the stations with theexception of station 5. Astropecten phragmorus was found in stations 2 and 4 and Astropectenhemprichi in stations 4 and 5. Macrophiothrix cheneyi and Macrophiothrix elongata were seen instations 2, 3 and 4. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Analysis of the Environmental Awareness of Trustee Managements and the Solution Provided in Protection of Green Turtles (Cheloniamydas) and Egg Laying Nests of the Coastal Areas of Chabahar
Samaneh dalirboostansaraei Maryam larijani Mahmood sinaeiBackground and Objective: Green turtle species (Cheloniamydas) is included in the IUCN organization’s category of protected species. In the issue of preserving the environment and especially the protection of this endangered species, there is more beneficial inves MoreBackground and Objective: Green turtle species (Cheloniamydas) is included in the IUCN organization’s category of protected species. In the issue of preserving the environment and especially the protection of this endangered species, there is more beneficial investment than educating enhancing public awareness and making a wake conscience in society about the nature and existence of such sources. In the current research the level of environmental awareness of trustee managements considering their importance including fisheries experts, natural resources and the environment of the Chabahar in the protection of the green turtle(Cheloniamydas) have been reviewed. Methods: The research method is descriptive- inferential statistics and the information has been collected to form field. The community consists of 108 numbers of experts in fishery, natural resources and environment offices as trustee management environment were chosen. The research tool was self-made questionnaire that its validity confirmed by group of professors and its sustainability according to Cronbach's alpha coefficient 78% was calculated. Questionnaires data analysis using SPSS software is done in two forms of descriptive and inferential. Result: the results show the awareness of trustee management in five fields including eco-biology and the importance of green turtle species, all kinds of threats for the green turtle, the necessity and urgency of green turtle conservation and it’s environmental status ,the role of individuals in protection of turtles and the desire to contribute in training and protection programs and the necessity of holding educational programs is high but the awareness of fishery and natural resources experts in macro-environment politics is very low. Conclusion: The formulation of appropriate laws and regulations in the field of the protection of endangered species and the optimal implementation of the existing rules of the integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) in the level of knowledge an awareness in the field of the protection of the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) are essential. According to experts in the field creating and supporting the public organizations (NGO) in the town are preferred. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Empirically examining of the effect of week days on future contracts market of Bahar Azadi Coin in Tehran Merchandise Exchange
Peyman Tataee Jalal Seifoddini Emad Ahmadipour Leila AzadiThis study empirically examined the effect of week days on future contracts of Bahar Azadi Coin in Iran Merchandise Exchange. We used the classic Linear Autoregressive and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) to show that there isn't a stand MoreThis study empirically examined the effect of week days on future contracts of Bahar Azadi Coin in Iran Merchandise Exchange. We used the classic Linear Autoregressive and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) to show that there isn't a standard pattern for the return of future contracts of Bahar Azadi Coin. Also, we presented that the daily return of future contracts depended on previous day and even the day before. Thus we concluded that the prices didn't follow "Random Walk" phenomenon in the future market of Bahar Azadi Coin and we couldn’t find any evidence for market information efficiency in weak level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - The Effect of Urban Management Function on the Gradation of Citizen's Life Quality (Case study: The New City of Baharestan)
Hassan Khalil Abadi Soodabeh Shahmorady ghaheh Mohammad Ali KhanizadehLife quality is one of the most critical study areas in different countries and although it is an attractive and universal meaning, it does not have a universally accepted definition. The life quality of a person is depended on one's true and exterior reality and inner MoreLife quality is one of the most critical study areas in different countries and although it is an attractive and universal meaning, it does not have a universally accepted definition. The life quality of a person is depended on one's true and exterior reality and inner mental understanding of these factors. The importance of studying life quality and its role in public policy survey is a useful tool in urban management and planning. Due to the fact that one of the reasons of informing the new cities in Iran is to design desirable environment for the residents, it is critical to investigate the successfulness of construction companies of new cities and municipality. Therefore, in this research, the effect of urban management function is studied from citizen's perspectives. The experimental method is used in this paper meanwhile in some parts descriptive-analytic methodology has been used. In order to gather the information of residents, 100 questionnaires were administered using field and library (in order to study the documentary facts in this area) method. In order to analyze the data SPSS software is used. The findings of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between urban planning function with mentally and real quality from citizen's perspective with the coefficient correlation of 0/694. The results show that providing urban installation has the most effect in the increase of life quality in Baharestan. In conclusion, in order to improve the life quality in Baharestan, it is suggested to provide plans in order to modify installations such as electricity network, the collection of sewage and surface water, transit network and also to provide required services for the residents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Thematic and structure analysis of the political poems of Yousef Al-Khatib and Malek Al-Shoaraye Bahar
Fatemeh Masoomi Sheikh Ahmad Louiy Katayoun Fallahi Tahereh ChaldereStructural and content analysis in language is not merely a superficial representation, but on the contrary, it is an essential part of the meaning conveyed by the poet. This type of analysis, among the types of language use, pays the most attention to language in liter MoreStructural and content analysis in language is not merely a superficial representation, but on the contrary, it is an essential part of the meaning conveyed by the poet. This type of analysis, among the types of language use, pays the most attention to language in literature, and most of the research in this branch of study focuses on identifying literary styles, personal language, and the individual creativity of the author. Yusef Khatib is one of the contemporary Palestinian political poets who were himself a member of the Ba'athist Arab Socialist Party, which has been active in many political activities. His poetry collection is full of political concepts about the Arab world that emphasizes the resistance and stability. The similarities between the poetic concepts of Yusuf al-Khatib and Malek al-Shoaraye Bahar led the writers to discuss their poems from a content and structural point of view. In the present study, the authors examine and critique the data with a descriptive-analytical approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Adaptive analysis of homeland in the poems of Mohammad maghot and Mohammad tage malek alshoary bahar1
rahim ansariporUndoubtedly the love of the homeland of the most important affairs tenderness the poets home to it has dealt stray missile hit his house. A tattered French uniform to dusand home one of the important extension of poetry poets of the. mor depths of the people. Feel, frie MoreUndoubtedly the love of the homeland of the most important affairs tenderness the poets home to it has dealt stray missile hit his house. A tattered French uniform to dusand home one of the important extension of poetry poets of the. mor depths of the people. Feel, friendship in history humanity among all peoples huma are responsible to different problem. Mohamad maghote of poets and writers and literaturemoasear arabeaceandandconsidered. Of Syria is but a part of his life. in Lebanon run. Like two too homeland Adouneasand emaciated gobani years Far from home life. But Malik bahare of laureate the most outstanding poets and writers, the representative of active and militant several of the National Council and the most famous journalists and dignitaries and political intellectuals period of constitutional monarchy and semi-the First Pahlavi monarchy is the political life of him from the beginning of the national movement mashroutehpolitical life of spring like other aspects of his life and complex, and the other with performing the scientific and literary him close poet affect bad conditions of society political poems From Islamic Shariats point composed by writing poems color, sense of friendship and become a shoe and stimulate and seed hatred of enemies in their hearts within both the poet In the period of colonial hard, poverty, UAE corruption, tyranny From Islamic Shariats point of life the ruling political time terms were similar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Woman in Sedqi and Bahar's poetry
Mahmoud Reza Tavakolli Mohammadi Mohammad Ali Azarshab Masoumeh ShabestariThe foundation of the Solafiyeh school in comparative literature is to pay attention to social, political and cultural infrastructure of that society. The existing similarities in cultural, religious and social aspects in Iran – conditional era – and Iraq &n MoreThe foundation of the Solafiyeh school in comparative literature is to pay attention to social, political and cultural infrastructure of that society. The existing similarities in cultural, religious and social aspects in Iran – conditional era – and Iraq – Nehzat era – caused that both countries poets and scholars study common subjects and issues without having knowledge of each other’s literary works. One of the main concepts which has been manifested in these eras was the women issue and (studying) their problems and matters. Based on the abovementioned, the present article intends to study the women’s presence in the society according to Solafiyeh school from Bahar in Iran and Sedqi in Iraq point of views and tries to show the similarities nad differences between them in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - A Comparative Study of Political Views of "Mohammad Taghi Bahar" and "Ahmad Shawghi
ALI SABERI ELAHEh razaghiAbstract This research paper is about the political views of Mohammad Taqi Bahar (1330-1265 SSI) and Ahmad Shawghai (1932-1868 AD), two outstanding poets of Persian and Arabic literature in the contemporary period. Both Poets’ expression changed after the industri MoreAbstract This research paper is about the political views of Mohammad Taqi Bahar (1330-1265 SSI) and Ahmad Shawghai (1932-1868 AD), two outstanding poets of Persian and Arabic literature in the contemporary period. Both Poets’ expression changed after the industrial revolution that began in the Language Arts. In this paper, three of their political views, "colonialism", "freedom" and "war" are studied; and at the end, the similarities and differences in their perspectives and their ways of explaining of each topic have been presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Religious Thought in Malek al-Shoara-ye Bahar and Ahmad Safi al-Najafi’s poems
Yadollah Rafiee Ramazan RezaeeIf poetry is to serve the public good, and it lead sit to the moral utopia of faith in God, it will be undoubtedly authentic from the viewpoint of Islam; and the Qur'an, the Prophet(pbuh) and the Ahlul Bayt(AS) also support such a poetry. However, with adherence to the MoreIf poetry is to serve the public good, and it lead sit to the moral utopia of faith in God, it will be undoubtedly authentic from the viewpoint of Islam; and the Qur'an, the Prophet(pbuh) and the Ahlul Bayt(AS) also support such a poetry. However, with adherence to the traditions of Islam and the Holy Prophet(SAW), the poem is used as an effective weapon in defense of the moral and religious principles, and to counter enemy attacks from the appearance of Islam till now. In this field, Bahar and Ahmed Safi, are clear examples that religious beliefs and doctrines of the faith has a clear manifestation in their poems. This paper attempts to investigate with content analysis the emergence of religious thoughts in these two poets’ poems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Political satire in Malek Alshoar Bahars and Alrosafis poems
Sadegh ebrahimi kavari Fatemeh AsadiSatire is one of expressional ways used by literary men particularly poets. This medium of expression has been the center of attention of literary men over ages up to date. and it has been reflected in their worles in different ways with respect to the purpose it has be MoreSatire is one of expressional ways used by literary men particularly poets. This medium of expression has been the center of attention of literary men over ages up to date. and it has been reflected in their worles in different ways with respect to the purpose it has been used. Of all varieties of satire, political satire has been utilized more in the works of cotemporary literary men so that many a great poets have benefited from this art in their poetry. Of Iranian poets, Malek Alshoara Bahar and of the Arab contemporary poets, the famous poet, Alrosafi, considering their literary and political positions, could play a great artistic role in this respect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IMAGE OF WOMEN IN THE POETRY OF JAMIL SEDQI ZAHAWI AND MALEK AL-SHORA BAHAR
Hedieh Ghassemifar Fatemeh ghaderiWomen and their status is among the most important issues the poets of past and present have paid attention to. This elegant creature has been able to develop and improve in the history in the way that she deserves in spite of all the hardships and adversities MoreWomen and their status is among the most important issues the poets of past and present have paid attention to. This elegant creature has been able to develop and improve in the history in the way that she deserves in spite of all the hardships and adversities. Jamil Sedqi Zahawi the Iraqi poet and Malek Al-Shora Bahar the Iranian poet have paid attention to this fact in their works and have helped women through their free and conscious way of thinking. The present article studies the role and status of women in the 19th and 29th century Iraq and during the Qajar and Pahlavi Period in Iran and brings examples of their poetry. The article finally concludes that both poets have similar points of view although there are some minor differences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - A comparative introduction on Persian and Urdu poetry in Constitutional era
Abol Ghasem RadfarThe present article attempts to study the Persian and Urdu poetry comparatively and the author tries to compare two Persian and Urdu poets – Malek Al Shoaraye Bahar and Feyz Ahmad Feyz and state their progressive and evolutional progress in constitu MoreThe present article attempts to study the Persian and Urdu poetry comparatively and the author tries to compare two Persian and Urdu poets – Malek Al Shoaraye Bahar and Feyz Ahmad Feyz and state their progressive and evolutional progress in constitutional era and afterwards. He also expresses the history of Persian literature and its impact on Urdu literature briefly. At the end of the present survey the ways to improve the comparative literature between two languages have been studies. Incidentally a comparative study of two poets according to the offered samples has been presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Matching Malek al-Shoara-ye Bahar’s lyrical themes with Sami al-Baroudi’s ones
Sadegh Ebrahimi Kavary Sakineh Asadi Rezvan LorestaniComparative literature is one of the newly-founded, useful and efficient sciences that refer to the literature of all nations in an indiscrete series and a single category(despite language and form differences). Obviously, many Iranian poets have similarity in poetry an MoreComparative literature is one of the newly-founded, useful and efficient sciences that refer to the literature of all nations in an indiscrete series and a single category(despite language and form differences). Obviously, many Iranian poets have similarity in poetry and language with other poets in the world(including Arab poets) .In every poet’s works, various themes such as literal, political and social can be found, but in the poems of Mahmoud Sami Albaroudi and Malek al-Shoara-ye Bahar, two contemporary Arab and Persian poets, there are many similarities. This paper is an attempt to examine their common lyrical themes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Malek Al-Shoara Bahar and Ibrahim Toghan
Ali Salimi Peyman SalehiSince the countries of Iran and Palestine have historically undergone many events, the literature of resistance has become widely popular in these countries. Poetic expression of patriotism, fighting against colonialism and oppression and sacrificing for MoreSince the countries of Iran and Palestine have historically undergone many events, the literature of resistance has become widely popular in these countries. Poetic expression of patriotism, fighting against colonialism and oppression and sacrificing for the sake of home has been among the prominent features of this literary type. In many occasions in their books of poems the liberal Iranian poetMalekal-ShoaraBahar and the nationalist Palestinian poet Ibrahim Toghan perfectly show the patriotism and sacrificing for one’s hometown. Therefore their political and social poetry has many things in common. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRISON POETRY OF MALEK-OL-SHOARA BAHAR AND NAZEM HIKMAT
Hamid Reza Farzi Elham Alipuran Lashgar ShekanPrison poetry is the poetry which expresses the concerns and feelings the poet has had in the prison. These poems usually try to reveal the true face of the tyrant rulers of the time. Malek-ol-Shoara Bahar and Nazem Hikmat are contemporary Iranian and Tur MorePrison poetry is the poetry which expresses the concerns and feelings the poet has had in the prison. These poems usually try to reveal the true face of the tyrant rulers of the time. Malek-ol-Shoara Bahar and Nazem Hikmat are contemporary Iranian and Turkish poets who have passed many years of their lives in prison due to their fight against tyranny and oppression. Each of them has in a way crystalized his inner feelings and concerns in his poetry. The present article studies their points of similarity and difference through comparing instances of their prison poetry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - A Comparative Study of the Concept of Science and Ignorance in Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi and Malek osh-Sho'arā Bahār’s Poetries
Ramezan Mohammadi Mohammad Jafari Mohammad Shaygan MehrSimultaneously with the Constitutional Revolution in Iran and the Iraqi People's Revolution against the Ottomans, poets entered the field of literature who had common themes in their poetries including the struggle against ignorance and the demand for science, coloniali MoreSimultaneously with the Constitutional Revolution in Iran and the Iraqi People's Revolution against the Ottomans, poets entered the field of literature who had common themes in their poetries including the struggle against ignorance and the demand for science, colonialism, freedom, and so on. They knew how to seek knowledge and avoid ignorance, and these poets lived in two Muslim and neighboring countries. Malek osh-Sho'arā Bahār’and Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi were both well-known and contemporary poets of Iran and Iraq and lived in the same period. Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi, known as "Iraq’s poet", studied Islamic sciences and Arabic literature at his father's school. Bahar also learned to compose poetry at his father's school. The present article attempts to study concept of science and ignorance in the poems of two precious poets comparatively and the results of the research indicate abovementioned poets’ close thoughts to each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - A Study of the Musical Element in the Poetry of Mahmoud Sami Al-Baroudi and Malek Al-Shoaraye Bahar
Javad Karkhaneh Ismail Naderi Noman OnaghMusic is one of the most prominent poetic elements in the literature of any nation. Meanwhile, the literature of some nations such as Persian and Arabic literature have the same musical elements in their poems. In this study, we try to analyze the poems of two prominent MoreMusic is one of the most prominent poetic elements in the literature of any nation. Meanwhile, the literature of some nations such as Persian and Arabic literature have the same musical elements in their poems. In this study, we try to analyze the poems of two prominent and contemporary Arabic and Iranian poets, Mahmoud Sami Al-Baroudi and Malek Al-Shoarai Bahar to reveal the use of music-making factors in the poems of these two poets. To achieve this goal, the music of their poems is examined from two important aspects: external music (weight, rhyme and row) and internal music (Jenas, repetition with the sub-branch of phonology, repetition of the word and repetition of syllables, as well as Rad Al-Ajaz Ala Al-Sadr and Sadr). By this hypothesis, both poets have been able to compose sweet songs on their strings using musical instruments. The results of this study show that there are many similarities between these two poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - A Comparative Study of the Homeland Theme in the Poems of Mohammad Taghi Bahar and Hafez Ebrahim
Ibrahim Fallah Mohammadreza HajiyanMalek al-Sho'arai Bahar and Hafez Ibrahim are two literates that homeland and patriotism are so obvious in their poems. Therefore, in this research, it is tried to make a comparative study of the patriotic and national poems of these two poets about the homeland, relyin MoreMalek al-Sho'arai Bahar and Hafez Ibrahim are two literates that homeland and patriotism are so obvious in their poems. Therefore, in this research, it is tried to make a comparative study of the patriotic and national poems of these two poets about the homeland, relying on the American school of comparative literature which does not consider the condition of adaptation as just the existence of fields of influence and regret. A comparative study of the poems of these two poets shows that patriotism and love to homeland are prominent manifestations of their ideas. The patriotic approach in his poems is so wide that it has become a stylistic and decisive element in the content and linguistic level of their poetry. The most important common themes that the two poets express about homeland and patriotism are: love and affection for the homeland, nostalgia for the homeland from which they are far away, struggle against colonialism, pride in the history and background of the homeland and effort to restore authority and past honor, condemnation of the rulers who do not pay attention to the affairs of the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Local Policy in Bahar and al-Rosafi poetry
Moosa Bayat Seyyed Fazlollah Mir GhaderiPoets and scholars played a great role in enlightening people and making them familiar with Mashroote Revolution and the political events related to Capitalism. Muhammad Taghi Bahar and Ma’roof Rosafi are two poets who were committed to their land and nation. Both MorePoets and scholars played a great role in enlightening people and making them familiar with Mashroote Revolution and the political events related to Capitalism. Muhammad Taghi Bahar and Ma’roof Rosafi are two poets who were committed to their land and nation. Both became the members of parliament and both were Journalists and did their best in defending their nation and opposing Capitalism and Colonialism. The present article initially reviews two poets’ lives, their political activities, and then a comparative study on their literature and poetry which were in the field of parliament and law. They have criticized the politicians, ministers and rulers clearly and had no fear in their criticism. The paper is based on the American school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The “Powerful Constitutionalist” Government in the Ideology of Malek al-Sho’ra’ Bahar
Reza Afsordeh Hamed Ameri Golestani Lena Abdolkhani Hamed MohagheghniaIran’s chaotic and critical condition as a result of war and political instability after Persian Constitutionalism made the idea of “powerful government” conspicuous. Realizing critical conditions back then, many political and intellectual elites follo MoreIran’s chaotic and critical condition as a result of war and political instability after Persian Constitutionalism made the idea of “powerful government” conspicuous. Realizing critical conditions back then, many political and intellectual elites followed the above idea, and by “enlightened absolutism” paved the way for the establishment of Reza Khan government. Malek al-Sho’ara’ Bahar was among those who proposed the above idea for the first time. In this regard, the present study aims to explore this subject using Skinner’s Hermeneutic Intentionalism. The purpose of this study is the realization of Bahar’s ideology of powerful government and its distinction with other common ideas within the last years of Qajar dynasty in that Bahar did not want to admit “powerful government” without basic principles of constitutionalism such as freedom, justice, and a powerful parliament. This study seeks to answer the following research questions: What was Bahar’s “motivation” for his tendency to the idea of “powerful government”? With regard to Bahar’s main “intention”, that is “anti-authoritarianism”, what was the difference between his perception of “powerful government” and the perception of society? As for the first hypothesis, the most important “motivation” of Bahar for tendency to the idea of “powerful government” was to fulfill “the expediency” of the country. Besides, Bahar followed the idea of “powerful constitutionalist government” with regard to the principle of constitutionalism in his intended powerful state. Manuscript profile -
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28 - The image of Khorasan in the thought and poems of the prince of poets Bahar
Seyedeh Shabnam Lajevardi Zadeh Mohammad Hesaraki Mansooreh AhmadijafariIn the literary and poetic heritage of the Persian language, there are many poems on the history, geography, culture and people of Khorasan that emphasize the important role of this land and its inhabitants. Among contemporary poets, the prince of poets Bahar poets has MoreIn the literary and poetic heritage of the Persian language, there are many poems on the history, geography, culture and people of Khorasan that emphasize the important role of this land and its inhabitants. Among contemporary poets, the prince of poets Bahar poets has a great passion for Khorasan. Among the motives that have led to composing poetry about the land of Khorasan in Bahar poems, we can mention religious, cultural, political, historical and love for the homeland and homeland. The purpose of this study is to clarify the dimensions of spring thought and motivations in the context of Khorasan, as well as the frequency of mention of Khorasan in his poems. This article has analyzed the Divan Poems Divan based on format and themes by analytical-descriptive method and while emphasizing the frequency of Khorasan motif in selected poems, has reached the conclusion that Khorasan in his poem is sometimes homeland. Sometimes it is his father's house and sometimes it is the place where he grew up. Also, the reflection and influence of Khorasan in the thought and poems of Bahar is the main pillar of his poems. Manuscript profile -
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29 - Comparison of the Structure of the Anecdotes of Majnat al-Nawadir Banbani and Baharestan Jami with Emphasis on their Sources
Raana Javadi Alireza Ghojezade Zahra SoleimaniIn Persian literature, there are many works with the titles of " Majma 'al -Qasas", " Majma 'al-Nawadir "and so on. Valuable and influential works that, along with popularity and acceptance, have played a significant role in the formation and consolidation of stories an MoreIn Persian literature, there are many works with the titles of " Majma 'al -Qasas", " Majma 'al-Nawadir "and so on. Valuable and influential works that, along with popularity and acceptance, have played a significant role in the formation and consolidation of stories and storytelling in Persian literature. Among the anecdotes of these books, there are less anecdotes created by the author himself, perhaps most of the authors took the anecdotes from previous sources or the works of his contemporaries and translated them according to the desired theme with artistic ability and in accordance with the common style of his time.Majma 'al-Nawadir is a collection of anecdotes, narrations and parables written by Faizullah ibn Zayn al-Abidin ibn Hussam Banbani, known as Sadr Jahan (d. 907 AH) during the reign of Mahmud Shah Bigara (863-917 AH). In this work, Banbani has used his contemporary or previous sources. One of these sources is Baharestan Jami (with 28 common anecdotes and narrations). The main source of these anecdotes in Arabic and Persian texts was also found in the previous studies of these two authors. Such as books of nathr aldur fi almuhazarati, Tazkerat al-Hamduniyah, muhazarat al'udaba'. Persian sources have a smaller share of this frequency. Despite the commonalities of these two works, Banbani did not pay attention to brevity and Jami to simplification. There are many differences in the expression of the concept of anecdotes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Review and analysis of the crumbs in the poems of Malek al-ShoaraBahar
Nooshin Talebzadeh Saeed HessamporComplaining is a innate part of human nature; people complaining when being dissatisfied with something. Poets also complain about their problems, but in a supreme language than the public. Complain have existed in poems of the poets since time immemorial, but in contem MoreComplaining is a innate part of human nature; people complaining when being dissatisfied with something. Poets also complain about their problems, but in a supreme language than the public. Complain have existed in poems of the poets since time immemorial, but in contemporary poetry, due to the social and political changes of this period, and a new Nimaiicstyle is more tangiblefor the audience of this generation.In view of the sensitivity of the subject and the time at issue, this issue needs to be distinguished from other topics of contemporary poetry. This article examines the complaint issue, which is one of the varieties of lyric literature, in the poetry of contemporary poet Malek al-ShoaraBahar.Describing and explaining them presents a written document of the poet's time with a complaining language for todayreader.What you read is a selection of Bahar complaints that includes his complaints about the age; with political situation being the most frequent topic, and this reflects the poet's personality and political insight Manuscript profile -
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31 - The Structure of the Allegorical tales of the Eighth Rowze Baharestan from the viewpoint of Minimalism
Nasrin Zargarzade Dezfuli Ali mohammad MoazzeniIn a descriptive - analytical way, this study investigates the importance of this style in ethical teachings and in the existence of minimalism, the importance of this style in ethical teachings and a form of similarity between allegorical and short short stories. Based MoreIn a descriptive - analytical way, this study investigates the importance of this style in ethical teachings and in the existence of minimalism, the importance of this style in ethical teachings and a form of similarity between allegorical and short short stories. Based on the findings of this study, the structure of Baharestan's allegorical stories is according to the most important elements of minimalist stories, including: simple design, small volume, few characters and …. The main reason for the use of minimalist stories is to influence the audience. The point is the goal of every literary genre. According to the study, Persian scholars, many years before the writers of the West, have benefited from the parable and the language of animals, in addition to other initiatives, to further influence the audience. it can also be noted that despite the theories that describe the short short story as the product of the speed and industrial world of the west and most contemporary singers, .the history of minimalism refers to the plain world of the east and the rest of its thinkers.The research method is descriptive-analytical and library research Manuscript profile -
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32 - Science in the view point of Bahar and Hafez Ebrahim
zahra soleymaniBahar and Hafez ebrahim are two important poets in recent literature of iran and egipt. Their social and political participations was very importantin their histoty baise on this they called Malekl-al-shoara and the poet ofNile. In this study we try to know their view p MoreBahar and Hafez ebrahim are two important poets in recent literature of iran and egipt. Their social and political participations was very importantin their histoty baise on this they called Malekl-al-shoara and the poet ofNile. In this study we try to know their view point to their idial socity Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - An analysis of the style of prison poems in contemporary Persian poetry
sadegh Ebrahimi kavariIN the name of Allah,the beneficial,merciful An analysis of the style of prison poems in contemporary Persian poetry Sadegh Ebrahimi kavari Assistant professor of the Islamic Azad university- Abadan branch Since prison poems compris a large bulk of Persian poetry, and MoreIN the name of Allah,the beneficial,merciful An analysis of the style of prison poems in contemporary Persian poetry Sadegh Ebrahimi kavari Assistant professor of the Islamic Azad university- Abadan branch Since prison poems compris a large bulk of Persian poetry, and since they show technical developments Persian poetry has undergone,a thorough study of such poems is very important. Since there are numerous prison poems in contemporary Persian literature, this study restricts itself to analysis of of the structure and the style of such poems. In addition, this study focuses on the prison poems written at the our time.To do so,we have selected poems by Malek al Shoara Bahar who is a key figure in writing such poems. The main goal of this study is to analyze the feature of this genre with an emphasis on Bahar and the contemporary persian poetry. key words: prison poems,stylistics, Malek al shoara Bahar. Sadegh Ebrahimi kavari Assistant professorof the Islamic Azad university- Abadan branch-Iran Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Neo-Classical and the new common themes in Modern Arabic and Persian Literature with Special Attention to Ahmed Shawqi and Mohammad Taqi Bahar
Sadeq Khorsha Maryam Aziz KhaaniRenewal or innovation in literature means changes in the literature in order to become concurrent with the transformation of social relations in an appropriate way thus organized to take the necessary and proper form. So for every poet and writer it is a must to strive MoreRenewal or innovation in literature means changes in the literature in order to become concurrent with the transformation of social relations in an appropriate way thus organized to take the necessary and proper form. So for every poet and writer it is a must to strive to be aware of the spirit of his age thus interpreting it correctly. In addition to imitate predecessors, Neo-Classical poets took steps to recapitulate the rules and themes in ancient poetry. The secret behind the continuation and renewal of the Neo-Classical school is imitation in form and innovation in content or theme. This article examines the common and new themes of New Poetry in Persian and Arabic Neo-Classical schools based upon poetry of undisputed representatives of the two schools, namely, Mohammad Taqi Bahar, Ahmed Shawki. In this study, many common themes were found between these two schools which indicate that there are common cultural, social and political commonalities between Arabs and Iranians. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The reflection of didactive literature in bahar’s poetries
Gholamhossein MollaeiUsing poetry in the field of education in our ancient literature has been widely popular through out the past. This variety and extension, in parlimentary era, left a good impression, in bahar’s poetries the way that the poetry book of this greatest contemporious MoreUsing poetry in the field of education in our ancient literature has been widely popular through out the past. This variety and extension, in parlimentary era, left a good impression, in bahar’s poetries the way that the poetry book of this greatest contemporious peot must be taken as didactive literature which indicates his optimism toward Iran’s future generation. He, consciously and kindly, makes use of his unique talent and ability in the field of poetry and so as to represent the inclusive moral values and concepts which have a root in Islamic culture and Iran’s ancient history in theforms of story, parable et.c to this people with respect to variety of audiences, these instructions are various and variegated and often include national and religious values. However the themes such as encouraging justice, magnanimity patriotism, seeking knowledge and being kind to creature can be considered as the center of these cermons. Manuscript profile -
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36 - A Study of Allegory and Its Functions in Masnavi "Prison Report" of Malek al-Shoara Bahar
Hosein Farsi Ramin SadeghinejadAllegory is a special kind of simile. In a simple classification, we can divided it into three types: wide, semi-condensed and condensed (the style of equation). Bahar in the Masnavi Prison Report has used this rhetorical element to a great extent to persuade the audien MoreAllegory is a special kind of simile. In a simple classification, we can divided it into three types: wide, semi-condensed and condensed (the style of equation). Bahar in the Masnavi Prison Report has used this rhetorical element to a great extent to persuade the audience. The number and variety of the use of these allegorical similes in the Masnavi Prison Report can be considered as a prominent and worthy stylistic feature for the Bahar's work. Considering the rhetorical structure of verses in which the allegorical similes have been used, in this article we have examined their sentences in terms of being predicative or performative. According to the findings of this research, the semi-condensed allegory simile with its predicative structure intends to emphasize the speech or the same allegorical metaphor and proverb, the most common examples of allegory simile in this Masnavi. Moreover, there are other some other types of allegory simile such as the style of equation, allegorical metaphor, and artistic image and argument in this Masnavi, which are discussed in the text of the article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Study of Comparative the universe and its Educational Exemplums at the sight of Saadi and Mohamad taghi bahar
R. Mosa Abadi M. NoroziPrarable has been one of the most important expressive tools for the poets and writers indifferent ages of Persian classic literature. Inevery time, according to circumstances of the age the poets and writers has enjoyed of these tools in the exposition of parables dida MorePrarable has been one of the most important expressive tools for the poets and writers indifferent ages of Persian classic literature. Inevery time, according to circumstances of the age the poets and writers has enjoyed of these tools in the exposition of parables didactic univers attached. Saadi’s shirazian of the chassic poets ana Mohamad taghi bahar of the constitution poets are the quantity, quality and exemplums poetic aspects. Doubtless one of mainly addresses utopian and humane issues, in particular the universe and its educational. In fact the universe and exemplums debt the pedagogical views and images of the world have been drawn by him in the framework of the poems and because of this, neither these images are pleasant nor suitable, and some of them are horrible and terrible. Sometimes some beautiful images and views are seen but they are deeply filled with fear and grief, and because they are linked to the afterlife, they are not drawn properly. The aim of the present paper is to study the ethical and didactic themes the universe and its exemplum educational in the poem in the poetries huge literature to investigate this subject matter. Manuscript profile -
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38 - Interpretation of the Intertextual Context of Sufism and Jāmi’s Mysticism in Baharestan Based on Fairclough Theory
Fatemeh Ghasemian Pouran Yousefipour Kermani Asieh ZabihniaAbd al-Rahman Jāmi is a famous poet and writer of the ninth century AH, who is in fact the end of the great Persian poets and is considered the greatest poet after the era of Hafez. Jāmi is a professional Sufi poet who uses Sufi terms in his poetry and prose, and in Bah MoreAbd al-Rahman Jāmi is a famous poet and writer of the ninth century AH, who is in fact the end of the great Persian poets and is considered the greatest poet after the era of Hafez. Jāmi is a professional Sufi poet who uses Sufi terms in his poetry and prose, and in Baharestan, many examples of good mystical thoughts can be found. Jami has expressed these thoughts mostly in short stories. Throughout Baharestan, Jāmi does not forget his main goal and purpose as a teacher of ethics and mysticism, and teaches readers of mysticism and ethics. Jāmi, like many mystics, considers the main goal of mysticism through the stages of mystical education or the journey of the houses of conduct, which begins with repentance and ends with annihilation, to be the essence of truth, which is the goal of every mystic. In this research, the author uses a descriptive-analytical method and a library method to study the intertextual context of Jāmi’s Sufism and mysticism in Baharestan and to answer the question of how Jāmi in Baharestan uses mystical themes to express his educational and moral goals. Studying Jāmi's mystical ideas in Baharestan concludes that Jāmi has shown interest in Iranian mysticism and the theories of Sheikhs in Khorasan and has used extensive mystical themes along with anecdotes for guidance and instruction as well as teaching others. Manuscript profile -
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39 - Investigating and comparing the spiritual aesthetics of Golestan with Baharestan, Parishan and Kharabat
ayat shokatiSome literary texts are formed in relation to other texts, and in this sense, texts in their world have various intra-textual and intertextual relations. In the meantime, usually one of the texts is ahead of the others in terms of time. After Saadi, Golestan and his sty MoreSome literary texts are formed in relation to other texts, and in this sense, texts in their world have various intra-textual and intertextual relations. In the meantime, usually one of the texts is ahead of the others in terms of time. After Saadi, Golestan and his style of expression, themes, compositions and images were given general and special attention, and his simplicity, clarity of expression and kindness of speech caused him to become a role model among writers and various works based on It is created as Baharestan Jami in the ninth century, Parishan Qaani in the twelfth century and the poor ruins of Shirazi in the thirteenth century are examples of such examples. The present study, in a descriptive-analytical and statistical manner and based on library studies, seeks to study Golestan, Baharestan, Parishan and Kharabat from the rhetorical point of view and from the perspective of spiritual industries (simile, metaphor, metaphor and irony) and show that What is the basis of Golestan in terms of judging the use of the spiritual industries of the other three? Findings show that some features were applicable in all four works, including the predominance of sensory similes compared to the rational and less permissible existence, but some features are considered a special feature between Golestan and others, such as Baharestan in balanced image resolution and volume And disturbances in shared images. Manuscript profile -
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40 - Investigating Western borrowings in the imagery and theme-creation of constitutional era poetry "A case study of the poems of Malek al-Shaarai Bahar"
Ali Ghaempanah Tajabadi Maryam Gholamreza Beigi Majid Hajizadeh AskariThe constitutional era is one of the ups and downs of Iran's history, in which the results of the industrial progress of the West reached the third world countries and Iran. Therefore, researching and examining the poems of poets of this period will lead to more familia MoreThe constitutional era is one of the ups and downs of Iran's history, in which the results of the industrial progress of the West reached the third world countries and Iran. Therefore, researching and examining the poems of poets of this period will lead to more familiarity with the political, economic and social conditions of that era. In this research, an attempt has been made to "investigate Western vocabulary and terms in the depiction and theme-creation of the poetry of the constitutional era by means of a descriptive-analytical method and with library tools, relying on the divan of Malik al-Shaarai Bahar's poems." The findings of the research show that Bahar used imagery and thematization to express political, cultural and social themes due to familiarity with the past texts of the Persian language. In the thematic section, Bahar has used western loanwords more than other poets of his time, and in the illustration section, irony array has been used the most and he has created an image with the help of expression techniques with western words. The importance of using loan words in Diwan Bahar is that it expresses the atmosphere of cultural, political, social and economic relations between Iran and the countries of France, England and Russia. The high frequency of borrowing French words expresses political and social issues and the use of Russian words is mostly due to economic and industrial relations. Manuscript profile -
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41 - Investigation of the Effect of Adding Bahar Narang (Citrus aurantium) Extract on Chemical, Sensory and Biological Properties of Doogh
Rasoul Rezaei Afsaneh Azimi Mahalleh Azam Azimi MahallehIn this study, the effect of adding Bahar narang (Citrus aurantium) (400 ppm) and encapsulated Bahar narang extract (2000 ppm) and storage time (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) on chemical properties (pH, acidity, and dry matter) and total phenolic compounds, microbial and se MoreIn this study, the effect of adding Bahar narang (Citrus aurantium) (400 ppm) and encapsulated Bahar narang extract (2000 ppm) and storage time (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) on chemical properties (pH, acidity, and dry matter) and total phenolic compounds, microbial and sensory properties (flavor and overall acceptance) of doogh were evaluated. The results showed that the amount of free and encapsulated Bahar narang extract had a significant effect on pH, acidity, phenolic compounds and the total count of mold and yeast (P< 0.05). As the increased the amount of free and encapsulated Bahar narang extract, the pH and phenolic compounds increased and the amount of acidity, mold and yeast decreased significantly (P> 0.05). Storage time also had a significant effect on all measurement factors (P< 0.05). Over time, the amount of phenolic compounds in the control sample and the sample containing free extract decreased and the count of mold and yeast in the control sample and treatment containing free extract increased, but in the sample of doogh containing encapsulated extract no mold and yeast were observed until the 21 day of storage. Phenolic compounds were also preserved until the last day of storage. The results of statistical analysis of sensory evaluation of doogh samples also showed that with the addition of Bahar narang extract, the flavor score and overall acceptance increased (P <0.05). The results indicate that the addition of Bahar narang extract increases the shelf life of doogh and improves its sensory properties. Manuscript profile -
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42 - Investigating the Effect of Commercial and Operational Factors on Competitiveness Improvement of Shahid Beheshti Port in Chabahar in Attracting Shipping Lines
Mohammad Saeid Arbabi Hossein Vazifehdoust Karim Hamdi -
Open Access Article
43 - Understanding and Presenting Principles of Climatic Design in the Architectural Design of Golbahar City
Maryam Davarzani Hero Farkisch -
Open Access Article
44 - The sociological analysis of woman's image in the poems of Malek al-Shara'i Bahar and Seyyed Ashrafdin Gilani
Reza Musabadi Mahdi Novrooz Batool FakhreslamThe woman and its role in the community is one of the issues that has always been considered in the poetic and prose works of Persian literature and has become a worthy place; But the woman in Persian classical literature does not have much positive and worthy face; Bec MoreThe woman and its role in the community is one of the issues that has always been considered in the poetic and prose works of Persian literature and has become a worthy place; But the woman in Persian classical literature does not have much positive and worthy face; Because among the poems of the classical poets, the woman's identity is confused and dark and the negative views on her are shadowed by the woman. Since the Constitutional Revolution and with the brief acquaintance of Iranians with Western culture and modern thoughts, the role and identity of women as one of the most important social activists in constitutional poetry has been taken into consideration. This research is to investigate and compare the manifestation of woman's image in the poems of Malek al-Shaara Bahar and Nasim shomal in the Constitutional Revolution, using descriptive-analytical method. One of the most important findings of this research is that the attitude of poets towards women's image has changed in Constitutionalist poetry; For the first time, the themes of this period are related to women's legal and social issues, and women are excluded from absolute love and their rationality, personality, and humanity are explained and analyzed. Both poets also believe in the achievement of women's knowledge, individual rights, and modern teachings; But in terms of freedom of coverage and the issue of hijab, the Spring discovers a veil of freedom from ignorance, while the Nasim shomal requires hijab for the presence of women in the community. Manuscript profile -
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45 - A comparative study of modernity in the poems of Malek al-Shaara Bahar and Haji Kader Koui
kazhal fadakar reza sadeghi shahparOne of the main features in the poetry of the poets of the constitutional era is their new and modern view of various social topics and categories. This topic, especially in the parallel years of the constitutional revolution and after, can be seen more and more in the MoreOne of the main features in the poetry of the poets of the constitutional era is their new and modern view of various social topics and categories. This topic, especially in the parallel years of the constitutional revolution and after, can be seen more and more in the poems of the poets of this era. One of the most important contemporary Iranian poets in this period is Malik al-Shaara Bahar. In this research, the comparison of modernity in the poems of Bahar and Haji Qadir Koui, a Kurdish and Iraqi modernist poet, has been discussed. As it can be seen from their poems, both poets have a new and modernist view in many and different fields, and in this article, an attempt has been made to examine and analyze their views and thoughts about women, religion and science.Scientism, anti-superstition and a new look at women and issues related to her are the common points of both poets, although Haji Qadir paid more attention to ignorance and anti-superstition than Bahar, and Bahar paid more attention to women and her rights than him. Manuscript profile -
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46 - Examining the Indicators of Lyrical Literature in the Ritual Poems of Malek Osh-Shoarai Bahar
Shabnam Karimshahi Malayeri reza sadeghi shahpar Hojatolah GhmoniriPredominance of the poet’s emotions has made Ritual poetry one of the most significant types of lyrical literature; accordingly, most of the form and content indicators of lyrical literature are used in its substance. This research aims to investigate and explain MorePredominance of the poet’s emotions has made Ritual poetry one of the most significant types of lyrical literature; accordingly, most of the form and content indicators of lyrical literature are used in its substance. This research aims to investigate and explain the reflection of the features of lyrical literature in the ritual poems of Persian Constitutional era - a case study of the ritual poems of Malek Osh-Shoarai Bahar. Bahar, one of the most prominent poets of the Constitutional period and the poet laureate of Astan Quds Razavi, had a long career in composing religious poems, especially in lamentation of the Prophet and the infallible Imams. He portrayed the true face of the Holy figures with an imagination full of emotion and feeling, and described them in the mirror of poetry via a lyrical language. The current research is conducted with a descriptive analytical approach using library research method, and seeks to examine the quantity and quality of the features of lyrical literature in the ritual poetry of Malek Osh-Shoarai Bahar in order to show their frequency and prominence. The result of the research shows that the content indicators such as description, pessimistic view of the times, reference to religious holidays and the birth of the Holy figures, etc. in Bahar's poetry originate from the poet's emotion (sorrow and happiness), and have been shown in the rhetorical structure (formal indicators) through simile and metaphor, as well as in the lyrical language of the poems through alliteration and lyrical music. Manuscript profile -
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47 - Morphological Analysis of Siddha Nasafi’sBaharieh (based on Propp’s theory)
Azar Akbarzade Ebrahimi Zahra EkhtiariSiddha Nasafi’s Baharieh (1636- 1705) is an allegorical story of fable kind. This work which is similar to Panchatantra’s stories is capable of being adjusted with contemporary literary theories such as Propp’s morphology theory. Unlike content analysi MoreSiddha Nasafi’s Baharieh (1636- 1705) is an allegorical story of fable kind. This work which is similar to Panchatantra’s stories is capable of being adjusted with contemporary literary theories such as Propp’s morphology theory. Unlike content analysis, in formal- structural analysis the story is analyzed through form and structure and the content and subject are not very much considered. Lots of folk tales can be studied using this approach. Propp’s structural approach is a suitable method to analyze stories. Because of proximity and sequence of characters’ actions, Baharieh can also be analyzed using the structural approach. Among 31 narrative units of Propp’s theory, the units of “villainy”, “struggle”, “false claim” and “reconciliation between parties” have been used more in Baharieh and hence are similar to many of Panchatantra’s stories. On the other hand, at the end of Baharieh, the debate of “lion and ant” can be compared to ParvinEtesami’s debates of “ant and snake” and “ant and nightingale” that not only have similar contents, but also share common points according to structural theory of Propp. Like Siddha Nasafi’sBaharieh, in these two debates, narrative elements of “villainy”, “struggle” and finally “victory of protagonist against antagonist” have been proposed. Manuscript profile -
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48 - Hbsiyha writing in Arabic and Persian Poetry (Comparative Research: Poetry Abvfras malk alshoaraye Bahar)
Toraj zainivand Payman SalehiHbsyh, any one of the poet's poetry is the conscience of her B sin, separation from relatives and friends, prison difficulties, resorting to elders and Amir and ... word says. In Arabic and Persian poetry, famous choral reputation in this field MoreHbsyh, any one of the poet's poetry is the conscience of her B sin, separation from relatives and friends, prison difficulties, resorting to elders and Amir and ... word says. In Arabic and Persian poetry, famous choral reputation in this field have reached. Abvfras Hamdani, poet and composer Abbasid period of the "Romans" in Arabic literature, the lead ball is stolen from others. Bahar poet laureate of the poets of the period Constitutional Persian literature is considered that the prison years Bndmvyh that is pulled up to the order. This research is based on the American school in comparative literature review and comparative analysis of themes and structures common or Hbsyh differently by the two poets pay. The basic research topics include: A) a short preface, writing about Hbsyh garlic in Persian and Arabic literature and research overview. B) Comparative analysis of the content and structure of para Mvyh Abvfras and Bahar. Manuscript profile -
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49 - A Comparative Study of the Process of Nostalgia "monuments" in the poem's of shahriyar, Bahar And "Mirzadeh eshghi
Hamid Reza Ghanooni Parvin GholamhoseiniNostalgia (Nostalgia), memorable or monuments or withhold mapping can be summarized in a feeling of bitter and sweet things, people and situations in the past, defined. The Oxford English dictionary, the nostalgia of being away that long from home is a form of nostalgia MoreNostalgia (Nostalgia), memorable or monuments or withhold mapping can be summarized in a feeling of bitter and sweet things, people and situations in the past, defined. The Oxford English dictionary, the nostalgia of being away that long from home is a form of nostalgia, is defined. The word nostalgia nostalgia made of two Greek words. nostos means to return home and algia means "pain" is. In this study the etymology and definition of this word - according to theories to explain similarities and differences between different manifestations of political nostalgia in shahriyar,bahar and Mirzadeh will be discussed, the various manifestations of mental problem (nostalgia away from home as nostalgia, exile, prison, nostalgia for the legendary Iranian poet, a difficult political atmosphere, killing people and destroying the city, recalling the glorious history of the past) analyzed and investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Investigation of Hydro Geochemical Changes in Groundwater Case Study: Hamedan-Bahar Plain
Sajad Fazel Tavasol Ali Ahmadi Mostafa Safari Komil Reza DehghaniInvestigating of the changes in groundwater quality in the planning and management of water resources in each region is of great importance. In order to analyze the water quality hydro chemical analysis of 26 shallow wells has been. The major ions and the physical param MoreInvestigating of the changes in groundwater quality in the planning and management of water resources in each region is of great importance. In order to analyze the water quality hydro chemical analysis of 26 shallow wells has been. The major ions and the physical parameters of the water samples were measured. With the aim of analyzing the concentration changes of ions, cluster analysis methods and saturation indices along with statistical analysis and spatial graphic methods were investigated. Results indicate that this plain encounters negative budget and a decrease in the quality of groundwater; and the chemical type and facies of water in this field is (ca-Hco3). Plain water resources are divided into three groups in terms of quality. Due to the influence of artificial recharge dams in areas of aquifer discharge, water quality has improved. All measured samples are under saturated with respect to anhydrite, and s upersaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - A comparative study of the imprisonments of Malek al-Shoara Bahar and Fadavi Touqan
Esmaeil EslamiCommon intellectual fields are the result of common social issues and the manifestation of this can be found in literature. By exploring literary works, one can find out how similar ideas are formed among writers. The present research will deal with the descriptive-anal MoreCommon intellectual fields are the result of common social issues and the manifestation of this can be found in literature. By exploring literary works, one can find out how similar ideas are formed among writers. The present research will deal with the descriptive-analytical method, with the approach of comparative literature and based on the American school, to examine imprisonment in the poems of Malek al-Shoara, an Iranian poet, and Fadavi Touqan, a Palestinian poet, and will study and discuss the most obvious themes of prison in their poems. Because Malek al-Shoara Bahar and Fadavi Touqan are poets who fought and sought freedom and spent the best years of their lives in prison and exile. Both of them have complained about their depressing and inhuman environment and have been imprisoned. The results of the research show that patriotism, anti-colonialism, call to resistance, promotion of solidarity and stability, promotion of justice and fairness, honoring the position of martyr and freedom and hope are common themes in the poems of these two poets and it seems that the two poets are in a situation And the understanding of the similar experience has provided the prerequisites for such a thing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Comparative study of the effects of British and Russian colonialism in the constitutional era in the poems of Nasim Shomal and Malek al-Sha'ari-Bahar
Reza Musabadi mahdi nowrooz The resistance literature in the Constitutional Revolution is a tree of unity that has emerged in the cultural context of the Constitutional Revolution against tyranny and colonialism of aliens. This literary arena has emerged on the basis of the struggle against More The resistance literature in the Constitutional Revolution is a tree of unity that has emerged in the cultural context of the Constitutional Revolution against tyranny and colonialism of aliens. This literary arena has emerged on the basis of the struggle against the oppressors and their faces and in order to defend Iranian identity against the invasion of foreigners. The phenomenon of colonialism is one of the phenomena that has always faced the countries and nations of the East. Therefore, knowledgeable and capable people, especially artists and literati, are poetic weapons to fight colonialism and colonialism. Due to the fact that colonial practices are diverse and different; therefore, the struggles against it should be diverse and appropriate. In this article, using descriptive-analytical method, a comparative study of the views of Mohammad Taghi Bahar and Seyed-Ashoor-al-Din-Husseini on the colonial phenomenon in their poems is discussed. The researches carried out in this article show that both poets have introduced various phenomena of colonialism in different forms and have similar approaches to fight it, and have presented some solutions that are important- Most of them are: Informing people and neglecting them; inviting to unite and confront colonialism; humiliating colonialism with the language of satire, condemning and condemning oppressors; provoking people and returning to the identity of the Islamic culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - The Role of Chabahar Port in the Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
ghasem arbabi Rahmat Hajimineh Yaser KahrazehToday, the role of ports as the most pervasive route of trade transit is of great importance in the foreign policy relations of countries in the world of politics, and Iran is no exception. Accordingly, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and analyzing t MoreToday, the role of ports as the most pervasive route of trade transit is of great importance in the foreign policy relations of countries in the world of politics, and Iran is no exception. Accordingly, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and analyzing the capacities and impact of Chabahar port in adopting Iran's political approaches in the region and the international system It also explains the opportunities and challenges ahead from a critical geopolitical perspective. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and the method of collecting library information is by emphasizing and citing political and commercial reports and documents. The findings of this study indicate that one of the most basic criteria of regional and international political relations of Iran regarding countries such as Pakistan, India, China and Afghanistan is explained based on the development policies of Chabahar port. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - The sociological analysis of the ultimate possible conscious and acceptable information about the emphasis on MollaAdibAhari lamentation letter in relation to Sam ArshadGharehDaghi
Flor Hakimi Ramin SadeghinezhadMolla Hassan AdibAhari has written an elegy in the first anniversary of Sam Khan GharehjeDaghi nicknamed as Amir Arshad that is being an important mourning letter in terms of sociological views. By studying this mourning letter, we find out that Molla Hassan has applied MoreMolla Hassan AdibAhari has written an elegy in the first anniversary of Sam Khan GharehjeDaghi nicknamed as Amir Arshad that is being an important mourning letter in terms of sociological views. By studying this mourning letter, we find out that Molla Hassan has applied his own ultimate and possible struggle to show the establishment of social classes designing and drawing acceptable information to give a sophisticated character of Sam Khan in a social intellectual term. This also is matched to his social era as an adaptive case along with the historical events presented in some books in this regard. Sam Khan has been introduced as an outstanding, liberty-seeking, dictator-fighter and idealism character in this lamentation letter. Some of these conscious affairs are not coincident with the historical backgrounds. The main question is whether Molla Hassan is familiar with the social classes concepts, and by reviewing this mourning text, it is shown that he could be able to write these mourning texts by his own talent and aptitude congenitally in his own verses. In this text, it is observed that he has taken and applied Lucian Goldman's structuralism style. Now, we struggled to represent the structural relationship of the related text in terms of social classes and conscious concepts through the implementation and clarification of two methods of perception and explanation on this mourning text. The findings of the text showed that there is not a direct relationship between the acceptable information of the mourning verses and social class and the impact of producing the periodical structure in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The study and comparison of heavy metals concentration (Nickel, Lead, Cadmium and Zinc) in the muscle of Otolithes ruber, Parastromateus niger, Scomberomorus commerson and Sphyraena jello from Chabahar area in summer
E. Shahri N. Khorasani G.h. Noori F. Kord Mostafapour M. VelayatzadehThe heavy metals are from the pollutants which create too much problems in aquatic ecosystems for aquatics and human. This study was done concentration of heavy metals Nickle, Cadmium, Lead and Zinc and risk assessment in the muscle of Otolithes ruber, Paras MoreThe heavy metals are from the pollutants which create too much problems in aquatic ecosystems for aquatics and human. This study was done concentration of heavy metals Nickle, Cadmium, Lead and Zinc and risk assessment in the muscle of Otolithes ruber, Parastromateus niger, Scomberomorus commerson and Sphyraena jello in 2013. Ninety six samples of fishes was prepared of coastal and marine from the Chabahar, Iran. Metals were extracted from the tissues using wet Digestion method and concentration of the heavy metals were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Younglin AAS8020. Concentration of Cd was in Parastromateus niger (0.0450 mg Kg-1) higher than other species. Also, the lowest Concentration of this element was in Otolithes ruber and Scomberomorus commerson (0.0150 mg Kg-1). Concentration of Pb was in Sphyraena jello (0.0125 mg Kg-1) lower than other species. Concentration of Ni was in Sphyraena jello (4.1800 mg Kg-1) higher than other species. Also, the lowest Concentration of this element was in Scomberomorus commerson (0.0150 mg Kg-1). Concentration of Zn was in Sphyraena jello (0.5450 mg Kg-1) higher than other species. Also, the lowest Concentration of this element was in Scomberomorus commerson (0.0150 mg Kg-1). Concentration of Cd, Pb and Zn was lower than comparison of FAO, WHO, UKMAFF, NHMRC and FDA. Concentration of Ni was higher than comparison ofGlobal Standards. According to the results, the amount of heavy metals in muscle of fishes in the study not take any risks for human consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Explaining Urban Tourism Development Strategies with Emphasis on Integrated Management (Case Study: Chabahar City)
abdolbaset doorzadeh mehr ali rahimi malikhe shahbeeikiExisting inconsistencies between management organizations have caused confusion in city administrations and wasted material and intellectual capital in such a way that the decisions of organizations and municipal service agencies in some cases are in conflict with each MoreExisting inconsistencies between management organizations have caused confusion in city administrations and wasted material and intellectual capital in such a way that the decisions of organizations and municipal service agencies in some cases are in conflict with each other. Today, the lack of integrated urban management has imposed multiple costs on the body of the urban economy and has faced many challenges in urban management. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the current tourism management of Chabahar and provide solutions for the integration of tourism management. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. Documentary surveys, libraries and questionnaires have been used to collect the required information and data. Identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats The SWOT analytical method has been used to determine strategies from the QSPM model. According to the results of the position evaluation matrix and strategic action, a defensive strategy for tourism management in Chabahar was selected. In order to solve the problems ahead and with the aim of achieving integrated tourism management in Chabahar city and improving the current situation of tourism management in Chabahar city, some suggestions are presented as follows. 1- Formation of "Coordination Council" by local institutions for coordination between organizations 2- Coordination of institutions involved in urban tourism management 3- Decentralization of the duties of institutions involved and in charge of tourism management towards centralism in the Coordination Council and... Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Evaluation After the Operation of Baharestan Mehr Housing, Isfahan
Mahmoud Reza Saghafi Bahare Mirzaei Mahshid Naghibi Mohammad Mahdi Kave jabaliMehr Housing consists of huge residential complexes is a national project to provide affordable housing for low-income families. The inhabitants of Mehr project are an excellent source acquiring for survey information. This study pursues its aim to estimate the level of MoreMehr Housing consists of huge residential complexes is a national project to provide affordable housing for low-income families. The inhabitants of Mehr project are an excellent source acquiring for survey information. This study pursues its aim to estimate the level of satisfaction of the occupants of Mehr Housing in Baharestan in the south of Isfahan. The main question of this research is whether the residents of Mehr Housing in Baharestan are satisfied with the physical, service, functional and economic aspects of their own complexes? These estimates make it possible to replicate any success and avoid failures in similar sets. The research method is quantitative and descriptive analytical. Data collection tools are documentary and field (through a questionnaire). The case study is Baharestan Mehr Housing and the sample size is 184 households (%55 of the occupied units). Satisfaction measurement is based on the five point Likert scale by using SPSS software based on the correlation of quantitative findings from Pearson correlation coefficient between independent variables such as income status and marital status. The results of the research are based on the correlation of quantitative findings detect that the level of satisfaction of Baharestan Mehr Housing residents with the residential environment is moderate (neutral) and the resident’s satisfaction level is 2.68 and it is moderate. The lowest level of resident’s satisfaction with the residential environment is related to the access and transportation standard and the highest level of satisfaction is related to the security criteria. The consequent disservice can be avoided to some extent by principled planning and implementation of evaluation during the design. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - The Socio-lyrical integration in Bahar`s Poetry
Roghayeh Rajabi Abdolnader Nazariyani Alireza MozaffariThe constitutional period is a distinct period in Iran’s history, in which all aspects of Iranians lives has transformed and as a result the verse and literature encountered a great change by the change in point of view of poets of this period in comparison to for MoreThe constitutional period is a distinct period in Iran’s history, in which all aspects of Iranians lives has transformed and as a result the verse and literature encountered a great change by the change in point of view of poets of this period in comparison to former poets. In this period everything even the poetry serve the society. The greatest poets of this period are those who were in the middle of the society and the social events and react them; So this periods verse is explicit, clear, and thought governed, however streaks of feeling is accessible in these works but they cannot be classified in lyric poetry but this doesn’t underestimate the emotional aspect and semi-lyrical language of these works. Sometimes, the Constitutional poets try to support their works emotional and logical sides simultaneously; therefor the social matters present with a semi-lyrical language that cause a kind of Socio- lyrical integration in their works; however it’s a slight integration. This kind of socio-lyrical integration is observable in Aref`s, Farrokhi`s, Eshghi`s, Bahar`s, etc poetry with an unequal severity and weakness, Mohammad Taghi Bahar`s poetry as an authority in Persian verse in this respect is worthy to consider and investigate; because in this period no other poet is familiar with Persian classic poetry and in other hand he is the most political poet of constitutional period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - A Comparative Study of the Types of Mystical Love from the Viewpoint of Ibn Arabi and Jami in Baharestan
Fatemeh Gasemian Pooran Yosefipoor Asieh Zabihnia EmranBaharestan Jami (817-898 AH) is a book of ethics and moral advice with simple prose mixed with peotry written in 892 AH. Jami has written this instructions and allegorical work in imitation of Saadi's Gulestan. The fourth vow of Jami’s Baharestan is about love and MoreBaharestan Jami (817-898 AH) is a book of ethics and moral advice with simple prose mixed with peotry written in 892 AH. Jami has written this instructions and allegorical work in imitation of Saadi's Gulestan. The fourth vow of Jami’s Baharestan is about love and lovers. Muhiuddin ibn Arabi (638-660 AH) is a great Andalusian mystic whose mysticism is based on love. Love is considered by Jami and Ibn Arabi to have many similarities. This paper is a descriptive-analytic and library research that aims to answer the question of what love is to Ibn al-Arabi and Jami. Based on the research findings, Jami seems to have been influenced by Ibn Arabi in explaining love, and both consider love to be innate and the basis of creation. For Ibn al-Arabi and Jami, the principle of mysticism, love, and unity of existence is that the centrality of the being and the truth of existence is the right of transcendence, and there is no other truth apart form that. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Analysis of the Concept of Nihilism and Narcissism in Malek ol-Sho'Ara's Poetry of Bahar
Ayat ShokatiNarcissism has been known in all periods and in the literature of all nations, especially in the twentieth century, when the author's inner "I" forms the main part of the literary process. Narcissism or narcissism is not a sign of self-centeredness; Rather, it refers to MoreNarcissism has been known in all periods and in the literature of all nations, especially in the twentieth century, when the author's inner "I" forms the main part of the literary process. Narcissism or narcissism is not a sign of self-centeredness; Rather, it refers to the self-motivated state of mind and perception of a human being in which a person targets love instead of another. There are few poets in the poetry collection who have not shown pride and self-praise and various manifestations of this art. The present article tried to show examples of such a feeling in the poems of Malek al-Shoarai in a descriptive-analytical manner, after examining and analyzing the words narcissism and narcissism. The present study has led us to the fact that, despite the eleven different merits, it has made Bahar proud; But those boastings did not take away his humility and made him a humble, proud poet who, despite acknowledging his own arts and the emergence of my transcendent self, can find his own self and praise the arts of others. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Political, security and economic of space Planning and organizing in the region of Makran in order to provide a strategic model for regions of Iran; the case study of Chabahar
Ozair Baluch heidar lotfiThe main question of this article is that Planning and organizing political, security and economic space in the region of Makran what features and specifics should be which can be used as a model for all areas of the region, including Chabahar? The results of this artic MoreThe main question of this article is that Planning and organizing political, security and economic space in the region of Makran what features and specifics should be which can be used as a model for all areas of the region, including Chabahar? The results of this article show that the region has an exceptional position in terms of communication status. The coastal strip of the Chabahar district is on the same side with the coastal strip of Hormozgan and the north of the Persian Gulf, and on the other side of Pakistan's coastal strip and Karachi. This area is coming by the Sea of Oman, the Gulf of Aden and the Suez Canal, to the Mediterranean Sea and Europe, by the Indian Ocean to Africa and the Nose of Hope (and also the Mediterranean) as well as the Atlantic and the Americas. Also on national security, strategic position of Chabahar ahat on the one hand is due to its location at the entrance to the Oman Sea and Persian Gulf and, on the other hand, having oriental estuaries as well as its harbor because of its proximity to the Indian subcontinent and its natural ability to play the role of covering the Gulf ports in terms of controlling the Strait of Hormuz and its nobility on the southern shores of the Oman Sea, have given Possibility of strict control over the military lines in the Indian Ocean and the Strait of Bab Al-Hamad to the area. Due to the political situation in the region also, the border province of Sistan and Baluchistan, in terms of its neighbors with both Pakistan and Afghanistan and also on the margin of free waters of the Oman Sea has enjoyed strategically and politically sensitive. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Spatial Qualities Evaluation in New Towns Using (AHP) The Case Study of Baharestan New Town
Ayoub Iranshahi Hasan Delake Hossein Samare Mohsen DadkhahIn recent years, the population of metropolitans and large cities of Iran has had an increasing growth. This has caused irreparable damages to the economic, social, natural and ecologic infrastructure and foundations of those cities. Following the irregular population g MoreIn recent years, the population of metropolitans and large cities of Iran has had an increasing growth. This has caused irreparable damages to the economic, social, natural and ecologic infrastructure and foundations of those cities. Following the irregular population growth, new cities have been built to lower the population rate in metropolitans and to create employment opportunities. However, inattention to the qualities of urban spaces due to hasty construction and a rapid overflow of metropolitan population has created new cities favorable quality of urban and social life. Even in some cases the result has been deserted and with-no-identity cities Baharestan new town, located in the proximity of the ancient city of Isfahan, through its fitting natural potential and appropriate ecologic characteristic, can help considerably in reducing the population growth of Isfahan metropolitan and lowering economic and employment pressure on this city. The present study, after scrutinizing definitions and concepts of qualities of urban spaces and their relation and influence on other qualities presented by leading researchers of the field, came up with the most principal qualities effective in setting up new cities according to professors and experts’ opinions extracted using a questionnaire. Subsequently, using AHP method and Expert Choice software, this research assessed and measured the extracted principal qualities in the Baharestan new town. The results identified variability, efficiency, the sense of attachment, readability and vitality as principal qualities, all of which were at a relatively inappropriate condition and lower than average in Baharestan. The quality of variability was observed to be at a lower level than other qualities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Infrastructure and Its Role in Tourism Development (A Case Study of Makran Beaches)
sakine hedairyaminToday, tourism is the most important economic activity in the world on the one hand and the most important scientific issue on the other hand. Therefore, policies, strategies, and tourism planning are important intellectual challenges of the human community. The length MoreToday, tourism is the most important economic activity in the world on the one hand and the most important scientific issue on the other hand. Therefore, policies, strategies, and tourism planning are important intellectual challenges of the human community. The length of the Gulf of Oman in the southeast of Balochistan is wide. The present study is an applied research in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical based on the nature and method. Its sample size has been determined based on Cochran's formula of 384 people. The general results of the research confirm that the infrastructure and facilities in the study area have favorable growth only in small parts of the region while they have not been very desirable in other parts. Also, with 95% confidence it can be said that transportation, welfare and hospitality facilities, tourism infrastructure intermediary services, etc. have all significant effect on the development of tourism in Makran beaches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The Expansion of Relations of Iran Southeastern Direction in Post-sanction Era with Emphasis on Chabahar Port
Morad Kavianirad hassan saadatiAbstract: "Realm" is the most important term in political geography or geopolitics and its meaning and function is subject to time and spatial requirement within economic, political, military, cultural and technological variables. Since the disintegration of the Soviet MoreAbstract: "Realm" is the most important term in political geography or geopolitics and its meaning and function is subject to time and spatial requirement within economic, political, military, cultural and technological variables. Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union the geopolitical aspect of relations has given its place to geo-economic aspect. This means the economic function of places have given geopolitical weight. The question raised by the article is the "How will be the expansion of sphere of relations of south east region of Iran in world economic relations in post sanction era?" The underlying hypothesis is that south east of Iran, particularly the Chabahar port has the potential for transit and economic zone and if it is paid attention to in the form of investment and augmentation of its infrastructure it can have a special place for trade and business in global scale. This can be seen from the attention which regional and global powers have paid to it in spite of the existence of some sanction from before. The methodology used in the paper is descriptive-analytical by relying on library sources. The finding of the study shows that the increasing needs of India and China for energy and markets with their dynamic economies demand their presence in economically strategic places of the world and in this regard Chabahar port has an important place in geo-economic and geopolitical relations. This has brought a competition between India and China for their presence which the visit of several diplomatic and business delegations shows their seriousness. Their objectives are to invest and exploit the potentials of transit of energy sources, transit to Afghanistan and search for market. The trend shows a better place for Chabahar in future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - The role of coronavirus on the creative destruction of tourism.Case study: Chabahar city
shahbakhsh raeisi Maliehe zakerian safoora Abkhesht Sima Firouzi Rad afsaneh poorianIn recent years, the global economy has witnessed a very significant growth of the tourism industry. However, this growth and dynamism was severely disrupted by the global outbreak of coronary heart disease. The aim of the present study is the role of corona virus in th MoreIn recent years, the global economy has witnessed a very significant growth of the tourism industry. However, this growth and dynamism was severely disrupted by the global outbreak of coronary heart disease. The aim of the present study is the role of corona virus in the creative destruction of tourism in Chabahar. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. The method of data collection is documentary and field (questionnaire). The statistical population is the citizens of Chabahar. The sample selected using Cochran's method is 351 people. In data analysis, depending on the scale of variables and objectives, the mean, one-sample t-test and structural equation modeling (SEM) in SPSS and Amos software environment have been used. According to the results of T-test, the situation of the mentioned dimensions in Chabahar city is higher than the normal average level. Also, the role of corona virus on the creative destruction of tourism in the city of Chabahar was studied by modeling structural equations in Amos software. Based on the results, anxiety caused by Corona virus had a direct and significant effect on the creative destruction of tourism (P = 0.0001, β = 0.88) in Chabahar. Also, the amount and direction of investment (P = 0.036, β = 0.13) has a direct and significant effect on the creative destruction of tourism in the city of Chabahar. The highest factor load is related to the index of satisfaction with the presence of tourists from the variable of people's attitude towards tourism (0.9) and then the indicators of fear of coronavirus and concern about the transmission of the virus to others from the variable of coronary anxiety, respectively. Factor loads were 0.89 and 0.88, respectively Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Review and Prioritization of Urban Areas with Emphasis on the Impact of Free Trade- Industrial Zones on the Development of Social Indicators (Case Study: Chabahar City)
Abdolmajid Mihankhah masomeh rezazadeh mahmoodreza anvariAbstractToday, continuous measurement and evaluation of changes and social consequences resulting from the activities of free industrial and commercial zones in the surrounding population centers, especially in developing countries, is an unavoidable necessity in reduci MoreAbstractToday, continuous measurement and evaluation of changes and social consequences resulting from the activities of free industrial and commercial zones in the surrounding population centers, especially in developing countries, is an unavoidable necessity in reducing negative social consequences as obstacles in realizing social stability and The security of these activities. Therefore, the purpose of the current research is to evaluate the effects of commercial-industrial free zones on the development of social indicators (welfare and security) in Chabahar city. The current research is an applied research according to its purpose, a descriptive and non-experimental research according to the method of data collection, and finally, according to the method of execution, it is a survey type. In order to conduct this research, two documentary and field methods have been used to prepare information and analyze and integrate them. The data collection tool of this research is a questionnaire (made by the researcher). The dimensions and indicators examined in this research include two dimensions of security and social welfare and 13 indicators. The statistical population of this research includes the residents of the four districts of Chabahar city (106,739 people), the sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula and the number of (382) people was determined with an error of (0.05). SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results of Spearman's correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variable (commercial-industrial free zone) and dimensions (social welfare and social security) at the 99% confidence level. The results of the regression analysis showed in a step-by-step manner that 95% of the changes in the dependent variable (social welfare and social security) are explained by the independent variable (commercial-industrial free zone). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - “Moral Advices of Rulers in Bahar’s Poems”
Seyed Ahmad Hosseini Kazerooni GHOLAMHOSSEIN MollaeiFor Iranians, Poetry is so important that most of rulers have used poetry as a tool for their aims. However, at the start of parliamentary movement, the poets’ view towards rulers and social issues changed. Malek Al Shooaraye Bahar is the most prominent literal &n MoreFor Iranians, Poetry is so important that most of rulers have used poetry as a tool for their aims. However, at the start of parliamentary movement, the poets’ view towards rulers and social issues changed. Malek Al Shooaraye Bahar is the most prominent literal – Political figure and the best example of this evolution- His poem is brimful of moral and didactic tips such as justice, Forgiveness, devotion and so on which has been written to awaken rulers from ignorance. These teaching advices cover the various aspects of governorship due to their variety. This poet has focused on justice based on Islamic culture. He introduced it as prosperity of the two worlds. While spiritual values and human perfection are not obtained in tyranny, we must seek the Bahar’s didactic advices in Islamic teaching as well as in the history of ancient Iran which is accompanied by his insight, sympathy, bravery and art. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Analysis of the Effects of Chabahar Free Industrial Trade Zone on the Economic and Physical Dimensions of Chabahar County
esmail rahmani zohre hadianiNowadays, the free zones have been considered as a pervasive phenomenon and a tool for the realization of outward oriented development strategies with emphasis on export promotion policy. So that, most developing countries have attempted to build one or more free zones. MoreNowadays, the free zones have been considered as a pervasive phenomenon and a tool for the realization of outward oriented development strategies with emphasis on export promotion policy. So that, most developing countries have attempted to build one or more free zones. The goals of creating these areas are providing suitable conditions to increase production and export of industrial goods through foreign investment, creating jobs, earning foreign exchange, growth in economic welfare of areas and preserving national interests. This study aimed to analyze the effects of Chabaharfree industrial trade zone on the physical and economic development of Chabahar city. The research method is descriptive-analytic. Data collection was carried out in documentary and field ways. The participants of the research are the citizens of Chabahar city and the sample size is 321 households reached through Cochrane method. The validity of the research (questionnaire) was confirmed by using the experts' point of view, and its reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha coefficient equal to 0.97. At the first step, questionnaire data analysis were conducted in SPSS software by using T test of two dependent samples and Friedman test. The results showed that Chabahar citizens' views on the Likert scale compared to the physical and economic of Chabahar city before and after creating Chabahar free industrial trade zone has improved with the average of 2.4 to 3.8 in physical expansion, from 2.04 to 3.01in urban services, from 1.9 to 3.2 in employment and income. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Assessment of Ecological Competence of urbun Expansion through ANP and Fuzzy logic methods in GIS (Case Study: Baharestan new town (Esfahan))
Anvar Amanolapour Hossein Nazmfar Atta Ghaffari GilandehThe reciprocal effect of sustainable and unsustainable ecological resources is considered in the course of assessment of ecological capacity. These resources have reciprocal effects to each other and environment as specifications of each micro ecosystem. So, it is oblig MoreThe reciprocal effect of sustainable and unsustainable ecological resources is considered in the course of assessment of ecological capacity. These resources have reciprocal effects to each other and environment as specifications of each micro ecosystem. So, it is obligatory to utilize nature as it less harms environment and at the same time it benefits human more. Therefore, the main objective of this research, to assess the ecological capacity for surface expansion of town based on principles of reclamation of land, Baharestan new town in Esfahan Province was studied through geographical information system (GIS). At first, the basic studies were done and the theme maps of the area were prepared and then numerated. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was produced in Arc gis 10.2 using topographic map. Then, the ecological resources Urban development map were produced by overlying the maps of elevation, slope, aspect, soil types, soil texture, soil depth, vegetation cover, geology, landuse, climate and distance to fault with ANP and Fuzzy logic methods in Arcgis 10.2. According to the obtained results, the total development zone with an area of 3264/068 hectares located in the south-east and north baharstan which make these areas and the lack of consideration in connection with the provision of suitable land areas that do not improve performance, 2800/717 hectare area around the planned future development of the city is considered Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Analysis of climatic conditions for sustainable development of urban tourism (Case study: Chabahar port city, Iran)
Azadeh Arbabi SabzvariThis study has been compiled with the aim of evaluating and measuring climatic conditions and factors in tourism processes with emphasis on tourist satisfaction, along with climate data and tourism climate indicators, to evaluate the results of these indicators, due to MoreThis study has been compiled with the aim of evaluating and measuring climatic conditions and factors in tourism processes with emphasis on tourist satisfaction, along with climate data and tourism climate indicators, to evaluate the results of these indicators, due to natural and human differences between destinations. Tourism and special characteristics of tourists, changes in the process of assessing the climate for tourists, apply and provide new results. For this purpose, Bandar Chabahar city in Iran was selected as a case study for this evaluation. Chabahar port is considered by domestic and international tourists due to its important political, economic and tourism situation and special climatic conditions. To achieve this goal, the Comfort Climate or Tourism Climate Indicators TCI, PMV and CIT were selected for combined evaluation over a period of 30 years (1985-2014). The results showed that according to the CIT index, all months and periods of time in a day and night in the port of Chabahar, is desirable or acceptable for tourists, which was a little far from reality. In assessing the climatic conditions, this study By applying minor changes in the CIT index and combining the results of the PMV index with the level of tourists' satisfaction with different thermal sensation conditions, different results were achieved, which showed the greater impact of field data on expert opinions. Due to the different attitudes of tourists towards the residents of destinations and their desire to gain specific tourism experiences, the desirability of the climate for tourists may Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - The relationship between transactional leadership model of organizational commitment Town Development Corporation Baharestan
سیدعلی سیادت افسانه یاریانThis study examines the relationship between transactional leadership model of organizational commitment was Baharestan Town Development Corporation. The research method was descriptive and correlational study population consisted of all civil employees of the Parliamen MoreThis study examines the relationship between transactional leadership model of organizational commitment was Baharestan Town Development Corporation. The research method was descriptive and correlational study population consisted of all civil employees of the Parliament in 1394 that number was 136. The sample size based on the Krjys and Morgan (1970) of 101 patients was achieved. A stratified random sampling method to select employees with the population were used. Measuring tools included transactional leadership questionnaire with 15 items Bass (1985) (MLQ), and organizational commitment questionnaire of 24 questions Meyer and Allen (1990). In order to analyze inferential statistics, regression analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used. Based on the results observed in the 05/0 r a significant positive correlation between transactional leadership model with dimensions of organizational commitment showed BAHARESTAN Town Development Corporation. Significant differences between the views of employees about the company's transactional model of leadership development based on working experience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Reconstruction of subsurface layers of sediments in the estuaries Parak and Shoor by using ground-penetrating radar
Mohyeddin Ahrari-Roudi -
Open Access Article
73 - Evaluation of stability and Marine Hazards Coastal zoning in southern province of Sistan and Baluchistan using GIS
Mohyeddin Ahrari-Roudi -
Open Access Article
74 - Improvement in GIS-based DRASTIC model using statistical methods and analytical hierarchy process, case study: Hamedan-Bahar plain, west of Iran
علی اکبر متکان Hamidreza Naseri Zohreh Ostadhashemi -
Open Access Article
75 - Improved Physical and spatial pattern in informal settlements in Chabahar and distribution of the pattern by Grasshopper Software
alireza nazarnia Leila Zare fariborz dolatabadiMarginalization in cities as the rapid growth of immigration from villages into cities has caused a serious problem in urban and architecture urban. However, the immigrants do not remain uninvolved so initiate their own architecture based on their local knowledge and ex MoreMarginalization in cities as the rapid growth of immigration from villages into cities has caused a serious problem in urban and architecture urban. However, the immigrants do not remain uninvolved so initiate their own architecture based on their local knowledge and experience. Solutions like slums and informal or illegal settlements are some examples. The main question is through what physical and spatial method must solve the problem. Does it make sense to Collapse the shelters which resulted in unvolunteered resettlements? In what depth and width, the architectural interventions should be developed in order to result in an optimum result for residents? This paper in the first step tries to consider a deeper study of the existing architecture of informal settlements in Chabahar; then, submit a physical pattern based on the occupancy culture among the target residents. The research method is through infield studies and architectural surveys in Chabahar informal settlements. Finally, the design is organized and distributed by use of a grasshopper plugin on land. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Political Discourse in the Poems by Constitutionalism Era’s Poets (Case Studies: Adib Al-Mamalek Farahani and Malek Al-Sho’ara’a Bahar)
Yaghoub Pazandeh Miari Masoud Mahdian Maliheh MahdaviPolitical poetry underwent considerable changes in both the format and the theme after the onset of the constitutionalism movement. While poetry and being a poet were commodities belonging to the educated persons until before constitutionalism. They made a lot of effort MorePolitical poetry underwent considerable changes in both the format and the theme after the onset of the constitutionalism movement. While poetry and being a poet were commodities belonging to the educated persons until before constitutionalism. They made a lot of efforts in this period to get close to the language of the alleys and streets. In this era, political poetry seeks to express the people’s concerns and it becomes sublime with poets becoming the people’s tongue against superstition and despotism. Both prose and poetry experience subtle changes in this period. To be more exact, the constitutionalism’s literature is formed and enlivened in the course of the battle with the old literature and, due to the same reason, it is novel and it violates the tradition in terms of both form and content. The constitutionalist thinkers insist on pulling words out of the magnificent aristocratic palaces and making them serve the people of alleys and bazars. The goals of the poems in this period are awakening the people and inciting the national and patriotic feelings and promoting the individual and social freedoms and denial of the superstitions and loose and improper thoughts, fighting with the foreigners and westernism, harshly and mercilessly criticizing the disorders and familiarizing the people with their human limits and rights. It was with the constitutionalism’s revolution that the newspapers along with the preaching, discussion and lecture sessions became the primary medium for the conversations and expressing of the revolutionary notions and opinions, and a “public arena” that had been never seen before came about. More importantly, insolence, insult, and frivolity lost their private, fanciful, and exceptional aspects and became completely political and one of the most important and most effective means of the political fight. Such a thing was unprecedented in the political and literary history of the country. Two essential dimensions are seen in the constitutionalism’s literature: one is the criticizing of the past literature and the other is the positing of a novel literature. Zain Al-Abedin Maraghe’ei has the following words in this regard: “these days are not the time in which the masters of pen and thoughts spend their time on simple things, chimerical myths and senseless nonsense like their antecedents for nothing but fiction would result thereof. The present article tries introducing the prominent political figures of the constitutionalism era Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - The Effect of Cold and Warm Seasons on Accumulation of Nickel, Cadmium and Lead in Muscle of Acanthopagrus latus and Platycephalus indicus from Oman Sea (Chabahar)
E. Shahri M. VelayatzadehThis study was done in order to determine the concentration of heavy metals Nickle, Cadmium and Lead in the muscle of Acanthopagrus latus and Platycephalus indicus from Oman Sea (Chabahar Bay) in spring, summer and fall of 2013. In this study 48 samples of fishes were o MoreThis study was done in order to determine the concentration of heavy metals Nickle, Cadmium and Lead in the muscle of Acanthopagrus latus and Platycephalus indicus from Oman Sea (Chabahar Bay) in spring, summer and fall of 2013. In this study 48 samples of fishes were obtained from coastal and marine regions of Oman Sea (Chabahar Bay). Metals were extracted from the tissues using wet digestion method and concentration of heavy metals were measured by Younglin AAS8020 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The highest concentration of Cd, Pb and Ni were found in the muscle of Platycephalus indicus which were 0.052±0.02, 0.047±0.02 and 1.768±0.96 mg kg-1. The lowest concentration of Cd, Pb and Ni were obtained in the muscle of Acanthopagrus latus which were 0.019±0.01, 0.010±0.01 and 0.466±0.02 mg kg-1. Concentration of Cd, Pb and Ni in the two fishes from coastal zone was higher than marine area. Concentration of heavy metals in the muscle of Acanthopagrus latus and Platycephalus indicus in summer was higher than spring and fall. Concentration of Ni in the two fishes was higher than Cd and Pb. Concentration of Cd and Pb in the muscle of Platycephalus indicus from coastal and marine zone in spring, summer and fall was higher than Acanthopagrus latus, but concentration of Ni in the muscle of Acanthopagrus latus was higher than Platycephalus indicus. Concentration of Cd and Pb was lower in comparison with levels recommended by FAO, WHO, UKMAFF, NHMRC and FDA, but concentration of Ni was higher in comparison with international standards. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - An investigation on some ecological aspects of the rock lobster, Panulirus homarus in Ramin area, south east of Iran
N. Mashaii F. Rajabipour A. Shakouri Sh. KhoddamiThe rock lobster, Panulirus homarus Linnaeus, 1758 is an important fisheries product of south east waters of Iran. Lobster resources have decreased in recent years due to high fishing. So, stock enhancement activities based on ecological characteristics of the lobster h MoreThe rock lobster, Panulirus homarus Linnaeus, 1758 is an important fisheries product of south east waters of Iran. Lobster resources have decreased in recent years due to high fishing. So, stock enhancement activities based on ecological characteristics of the lobster habitats must be considered. Water and sediment samples of the lobster habitats in Ramin, at south of Chahbahar Bay were collected monthly from January to December 2000, by diving. Yearly mean water temperature was 25.56 ±2.8°C with maximum and minimum amounts in May and February, respectively. Yearly means of water salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH and turbidity were 38.77± 1.71 g/lit, 6.07 ±1.12mg/lit, 8.22 ±0.17 and 3.03 ±2.98, respectively. Yearly frequency of macrobenthos was 133 individuals/m2. Maximum and minimum frequencies of macrobenthos were observed in May and November respectively. Dominant groups of macrobentos were cephalochordata, polychaeta, nematoda, ostracoda, gastropoda, bivalves and amphipoda. Yearly mean weight and carapace length of the collected lobsters were 370.68 ±13.06 g and 71.36 ±15.85 cm, respectively. Increasing water temperature correlated significantly with macrobenthos frequency (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Comparison survey of growth and survival rate of White leg shrimp in monoculture and polyculture system with Mullet in Gowatr earth pond- Chabahar, Iran
S.H. Hosseini Aghozbeni M. Hafezieh A. Ajdehakoshpour M.R. AziniThis investigation was conducted to survey the growth and survival rate, weight average, FCR, and harvestable white leg shrimp biomass during 107 days culture in mono and poly culture earth pond system with mullet fish. Nine 600 m2 earth ponds were prepared and st MoreThis investigation was conducted to survey the growth and survival rate, weight average, FCR, and harvestable white leg shrimp biomass during 107 days culture in mono and poly culture earth pond system with mullet fish. Nine 600 m2 earth ponds were prepared and stocked with 20 shrimp post larvae in each pond (mean weight 0.007 ±0.001 g) for three treatments (each with three replication). After 40 days, the mullet fish fingerlings collected from the Oman Sea (with mean weight 35 g) released to earth ponds with a density of zero (T1 as control), 2 (T2), 4 (T2) per 100m2. During the culture period, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and salinity were measured. One way ANOVA results showed that there were significant differences between growth rate, shrimp biomass, FCR and abiotic parameters (P<0.05), but not for survival rate (P>0.05). The highest shrimp biomass was harvested from T3 (with 212 kg and a mean weight of 18.4 g individual shrimp) and the lowest (with 187 kg with a mean weight of 16.23 g individual shrimp) was from T1. However, there were no statistically significant difference in survivorship between treatments, but the highest survival percentage was observed in T3 (95.96%) and the lowest in T2 (94.5%). Duncan's test in FCR average showed no significance difference between T1 (the lowest FCR, 1.2 ±0.1) and T2 (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference between these two treatments and T3 (the highest FCR, 1.27 ±0.2) (P<0.05). The conclusion expressed that polyculture of white leg shrimp and mullet fingerlings in earth pond not only performed more shrimp production compare to mono shrimp culture system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Assessment of Coastal Residential Structure Stability against Tsunami Waves
Afshin Mohseni Arasteh K. Lari N. Hashemi PourThis research, is based on the analysis of field data as well as existing models of hypothetical tsunamis caused by the Makran fault under different scenarios, introduced forces on coastal residential structures, taking into account the depth of penetration and altitude MoreThis research, is based on the analysis of field data as well as existing models of hypothetical tsunamis caused by the Makran fault under different scenarios, introduced forces on coastal residential structures, taking into account the depth of penetration and altitude of the tsunami flood in the Chabahar area. Also, considering the land cover of the area, the stability of the residential structure of the sample was examined with the frame of a floor using the SAP2000 software. Since a structure is exerted against linear forces from the forces flowing from a tsunami, a nonlinear static analysis was used. In this study, existing residential buildings in the region were examined in such a way that the possible advance of the expected tsunami was anticipated to propose the most secure structures. Also, the probable flooding of Chabahar, the largest population center and coastal facility in the north of the Oman Sea, was assessed which was based on the simulation and numerical modeling of pre-assumed tsunami in the area. The results indicated that, in the case of a single-story structure, according to the thesample, up to a displacement of 0.6 cm for a base cut, about 55 tons behaves almost linearly. The structure moves into the destruction area after moving 1.55 cm. In a building with a two-story frame, the absence of walls resistant to hydrodynamic forces and the wave fracture force will be much less because the width of the column in front of the flow is much smaller than the width of the wall, which is equal to the total width of the frame. That is why the amount of these forces is greatly reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Sociological analysis of Mohammad Taghi Bahar's poems based on the theory of Henri Lefebvre
Bahare JalayerAs a French sociologist, Marxist intellectual and philosopher, Henri Lefebvre has works and theories centered on dialectics, Marxism, everyday life, cities and social spaces. Mohammad Taghi Bahar is a poet who in most of his poems has paid attention to spatial creation, MoreAs a French sociologist, Marxist intellectual and philosopher, Henri Lefebvre has works and theories centered on dialectics, Marxism, everyday life, cities and social spaces. Mohammad Taghi Bahar is a poet who in most of his poems has paid attention to spatial creation, different approaches of urban and rural sociology and different political thoughts. In this research, an attempt has been made to show the application of Henri Lefebvre's sociological theory in the poems of Mohammad Taghi Bahar with the descriptive- analytical method. The findings of the research show that Henri Lefebvre's theories are a link between physical space, nature, mental space, social space and imagination related to sensory phenomena. Some principles of Lefebvre's theory, which are also present in Divan Bahar, are: Social spaces, citizen's rights, society and author's intellectual background, depiction of city, inventions and productions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Chabahar Port's Political-Economic Perspective in Futuristic strategies of India's foreign -security policy
yaser kahrazehIn the Indian view, Chabahar is part of the strategic and geopolitical ideas of Indian nationalism for regional and global upheaval and balanced geoeconomic competition with traditional and longtime rivals. In India's futuristic outlook document, Chabahar port is a hub MoreIn the Indian view, Chabahar is part of the strategic and geopolitical ideas of Indian nationalism for regional and global upheaval and balanced geoeconomic competition with traditional and longtime rivals. In India's futuristic outlook document, Chabahar port is a hub of economic importance along with its security-political importance. In the Discourse of Prestige and the Authority of Indian Nationalism, Chabahar has symbolic importance as a trans-regional hub and, based on the long-term vision, this oceanic port could enhance the value and credibility of India's branding across the world economically and politically. Chabahar's perspective for India's foreign policy is in two phases, the first phase - financial-economic and second - political - security. India has long-term plans and strategies for Chabahar through the tools of economic diplomacy. Despite the unbalanced and unstable conditions in the Middle East and Iran, India has worked with Afghanistan through economic diplomacy to help as much as possible to improve the economic development and importance of the Chabahar region. Drawing on the theoretical perspective of new economic diplomacy, the present paper analyzes India's future strategies in the Chabahar port. The main hypothesis of the paper is that the new Indian economic diplomacy is structurally related to India's political-security strategies for Chabahar port and the purely economic or political view on Chabahar port in Indian policymaking (India's foreign policy) is one-dimensional and mistaken analyzes. India's foreign and economic policy in Chabahar is based on a multi-faceted, long-term perspective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - The Study of Preference Values of Forage Species and Grazing Behavior of Tali Goat in Chabahar Rangelands of Iran
Parvaneh Ashouri Sanjabi Mohammad Fayaz Niloufar Zare Ahmad Gharanjik Hassan Yeganeh Shahram Afrougheh -
Open Access Article
84 - Studying the Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco Products and Related Factors among High School Students in Chabahar City
Mohammad Saeed Jadgal Moradali Zareipour Saeedeh Sadeghi Hadi Alizadeh Seiuoki Tahmineh Salehian -
Open Access Article
85 - Manifestation of Human Rights in Jaami's Works
Somayyeh Abbasi Nasab Maryam Ja'fary Enayatollah SharifpourAbstract Human Right is the most basic fundamental right which every individual utilizes it as his intrinsic and inherent creature and this is what the creator of man has endowed it to him since his birth. The subject of human MoreAbstract Human Right is the most basic fundamental right which every individual utilizes it as his intrinsic and inherent creature and this is what the creator of man has endowed it to him since his birth. The subject of human being is man and in Islamic worldview man is considered as the caliph of God and has transcendence over other creatures in the light of his wisdom and responsibility. Abdorrahman ibn Ahmad Jaami, the poet and scholar of 9th century has had special attention on human right and has called everybody to behave accordingly. By studying Jaami's famous works as : The Baharestan, the Nafahatol ons, the Salaman va Absal his tenets have been studied and analyzed in relation with Human Right. Of the rights which Jaami has recommended them to his readers are : the right of the parents on children, guests, people on the ruler and the right of man's dignity, the needy, companions and the right of muslems towards each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - The Comparison of Two Mystical Characters in The Shahnameh and The Mahabaharata.
Safiyeh Mousavi Fatemeh ModarresiAbstract In the religious books of The Avesta and The Mahabaharata which are the tenet books of the Iranians and The Indians, there are numerous common narratives and names which indicate the common beliefs of the two nations MoreAbstract In the religious books of The Avesta and The Mahabaharata which are the tenet books of the Iranians and The Indians, there are numerous common narratives and names which indicate the common beliefs of the two nations thousands of years ago. The two well-known aforementioned books have similarities in cultural, national and religious differences in these well-bred nations. We can see lots of national, mystical, and religious characters in these two books. One of them is Kaykhosrow in the Shahnameh whose fate and ethical and mystical features are comparable with Sakdeev in the Mahabaharata. The few differences in these two stories are related to their mothers' characters and the way they were born. The other difference is that Kaykhosrow travels together with his friends while Sakdeev does it alone. In the Persian story all the friends and people ask him not to go to this travel but in Sakdeev only his father bewares him . At the same time their mothers have a little different characteristics. We will study the common and different points of these two mystics in detail in this paper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The Frequencies of Post-Colonialism in Mohammad Taghi Bahar's Poetry
Seyyedeh Gohar Nourbakhsh Abdolhossein FarzadAbstract The extensive presence of colonialism and its dominance over half of the world population and their residence might have been the reason and motif for the study of post-colonialism. This theory was formed by Edward Sa MoreAbstract The extensive presence of colonialism and its dominance over half of the world population and their residence might have been the reason and motif for the study of post-colonialism. This theory was formed by Edward Saeed and his book " the Orientalism ". Different post-colonialism frequencies and reaction against colonialistic ideology and the destruction of the superiority of East and West are seen in the Iranian modern poetry. This descriptive-analytic paper is to survey the appearance of phenomenon of post-colonialism in the poetry of Maleko-shoara Bahar. The studies show that most of his ideas about his defiance, and fighting against colonialism and his ideas about motherland, identity, freedom, liberty and internal autocracy embedded in the literature of post-colonialism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The consequences and Geo-Economical effects of the development of the Gwadar port and the Chabahar port on each other
Omidali Asadi Ali Akbar Amini Mansour TajeriOf the 3 international transport corridors, which UN experts predict for transportation between the Far East and the other points of the world, 2 corridors pass through Iran, and the Chabahar port is one of the main crossroads of the south corridor of world trade. Due t MoreOf the 3 international transport corridors, which UN experts predict for transportation between the Far East and the other points of the world, 2 corridors pass through Iran, and the Chabahar port is one of the main crossroads of the south corridor of world trade. Due to its strategic position and access to international free waters, Chabahar has a special place in exchanges between Iran and elsewhere. But the main competitor, or indeed, the neighboring port of Chabahar, is the Gwadar port of Pakistan, at the tip of the southwest of Pakistan on the Gulf Coast Gulf in the Oman Sea. Gwadar port found significant strategic value in India-Pakistan competition. China, as a global emerging power, is investing in strategic spheres, such as Gwadar, in order to connect Europe and exploit the North-South Corridor, So that it can continue to excel in the global economy. With the investment of China, at the port of Gwadar, most likely based on the economy and trade in the region, a new game will take shape, which will have implications for the region, including the Chabahar port of Iran. Considering this issue, this research deals with the descriptive-analytical method and library and documentary studies to study the geo-economical characteristics of the Chabahar and Gwadar ports. The research findings show, given the geographic and functional characteristics of the regions, the development of Chabahar is not going to weaken Gwadar, but faster development of Gwadar means weakening and even destroying Chabahar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The linguistic investigation of Bahar’s odes
Mohammad Reza Pahlavan Nejad Alireza SezavarBahar is the first person who wrote stylistics in a methodological and scientific manner regarding the prose and defined it scientifically. Although he didn’t live long to continue his research and do the same for the verse but he had scattered notes which l MoreBahar is the first person who wrote stylistics in a methodological and scientific manner regarding the prose and defined it scientifically. Although he didn’t live long to continue his research and do the same for the verse but he had scattered notes which later were collected. In his book of stylistics, Bahar was more concerned with the linguistic aspect rather than other subjects. The most prominent feature of Bahar’s odes is following the language of the past in all aspects especially in social and political issues the content was totally consistent with the details of the society of the day. The movement of return to the ways of the ancients manifests itself mostly through their language particularly in their poetry. In this article Bahar’s odes have been studied in terms of 1) phonology 2) morphology 3) syntax The phonology section is concerned with the characteristics of words such as tashdid, contraction, maximization, minimization, mutation in words and music produced by the proximity of words. Morphology section deals with the employment of old words with fresh meanings and finally syntax is concerned with the structure of the languages in the past and their application in Bahar’s poetry focusing on supplements and variety of “ra”. Manuscript profile
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