-
Open Access Article
1 - ارزیابی اثر پروبیوتیک ها در پیشگیری از مسمومیت های باکتریایی غذایی در سگ
سام ترکان داریوش شیرانی ابراهیم رحیمی کیوان قمی -
Open Access Article
2 - Protective effects of black Iranian tea on cadmium- induced hepatotoxicity in rats
M.R Mohammadi Malayeri, سعید Hesaraki, پیام Jamal livani,Useful effects of black tea in treatment of many diseases have been shown . the protectiveeffects of tea are possibly related to its antioxidant properties or its inhibition of lipidoxidation. The aim of the present study was to investigate hepatoprotective effects of b MoreUseful effects of black tea in treatment of many diseases have been shown . the protectiveeffects of tea are possibly related to its antioxidant properties or its inhibition of lipidoxidation. The aim of the present study was to investigate hepatoprotective effects of blackIranian tea on cadmium(cd)-induced hepatotoxicity .For this purpose 30 male wistar rats wererandomly divided to six study groups including 1-negative control, 2-treatment control (received10% black tea brewed drink (BTBD)),3-positive control which received cd(5 mg/kg bodyweight (bw.)/day) and 4 to 6-treatment groups in which BTBD was administered orally (2,5 and10%) with oral cd(5mg/kg bw./day). The rats were sacrificed after 4 weeks and blood sampleswere collected to assess liver biomarkers. liver samples were fixed in buffered formalin solution. They were then conventionally embedded in paraffin and stained with Hematoxilin - Eosin forpathology studies as well. In positive control group, activities of alanine transaminase(ALT),aspartate transaminase(AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) significantly increased in comparewith negative control group. Granular degeneration, chromatin and nucleus concentration andnecrosis were evidenced in pathological study of the liver sections of this group. On the otherhand, 5 and 10% BTBD administration significantly prevented ALT,AST and ALP increasingactivity. Pathological study confirmed the latter serological results. Whereas, 2% BTBDadministration didn't have any significant protection. in conclusion, our results suggest that dailyblack tea drinking may prevent cd-induced hepatic lesions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Identifying the factors affecting financial toxicity and designing a financial toxicity paradigm pattern based on grounded theory
Saeid karimipour saryazdi sina kherdyar Seyed Reza Seyed Nezhad Fahim Farzin FarahbodFinancial toxicity endangers the personal and social health of individuals and imposes enormous costs on individuals and governments. So far, financial toxicity has only been studied in the medical sciences. The purpose of this study is to to investigate and develop gen MoreFinancial toxicity endangers the personal and social health of individuals and imposes enormous costs on individuals and governments. So far, financial toxicity has only been studied in the medical sciences. The purpose of this study is to to investigate and develop general principles for identifying the factors that create and exacerbate financial toxicity, financial therapy and mental accounting approaches. The research method is grounded theory and from theoretical sampling to saturation stage in 2019 and 2020 has been used. Data collection sources were conducted through in-depth and semi-structured interviews, participatory and non-participatory observation, personal experiences, respondents' memories, existing literature, and the researcher's personal reflections. To fit the model qualitatively, three methods of peer-debriefing, member checking, and triangulation techniques were used and the results in the form of financial toxicity paradigm model by data analysis method of the foundation taking into account causal conditions (financial problems In cancer treatment), intervening conditions (health insurance agent, cancer stage, clinical features, increase in treatment debts, family dimension, etc.), context of the phenomenon (incorrect classification, unbalanced monogram, monetary disorders and abnormal genogram Consequences (decreased quality of life, affected by medical outcomes, job loss, divorce, bankruptcy, mortality and increased distress among survivors) were formed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - مطالعه تجربی تأثیرات محافظتی مصرف قرص‌های تجاری عصاره سیر در مسمومیت کبدی ناشی از کلرید کادمیوم در موش‌های صحرایی
محمد رضا محمدی ملایری رضا صداقت امید مجرد محی الدین همتی -
Open Access Article
5 - Case Report of Zinc Phosphide Poisoning with Rare Symptoms
Khadijeh saravani pantea Ramezan Nejad Ideh Baradaran KyalZinc phosphide is a rodenticide that is commonly available as grey-black powder and is widely used due to its low cost and high availability. This rodenticide may be consumed deliberately, unintentionally, for suicide purposes, or other purposes. We report the case of a MoreZinc phosphide is a rodenticide that is commonly available as grey-black powder and is widely used due to its low cost and high availability. This rodenticide may be consumed deliberately, unintentionally, for suicide purposes, or other purposes. We report the case of a 38-year-old man, who committed suicide by consuming almost 100 grams of zinc phosphide rodenticide and experienced reduced consciousness and cyanosis. The early symptoms of cyanosis included nausea, vomiting, headache, vertigo, numbness, weakness, blurry vision, epigastric abdominal pain, and pain in the upper and right abdominal sections. The patient also had no history of diabetes mellitus, high blood cholesterol, hypertension, hepatitis, tuberculosis, minor thalassemia, and mental diseases. Zinc phosphide is a life-threatening poison with no specific antidote. Besides, phosphide poisoning including zinc phosphide poisoning must be considered in young patients suffering from sudden hypotension and metabolic acidosis, while abdominal radiography contributes to the early diagnosis of the disease. Finally, rapid recovery and treatment may save the patient’s life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella in cream sweets in Isfahan city and antibiotic resistance of the isolates
Ebrahim Rahimi Najmeh Vahed dehkordi mohammad amin heidarzadiEscherichia coli and Salmonella are gram-negative bacteria and are indicators of faecal contamination in food, and the presence of each of them in processed foods indicates lack of hygiene, and Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-negative bacteria. It is positive that it ha MoreEscherichia coli and Salmonella are gram-negative bacteria and are indicators of faecal contamination in food, and the presence of each of them in processed foods indicates lack of hygiene, and Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-negative bacteria. It is positive that it has the highest level of poisoning. The aim of the present study is to investigate the contamination with Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella in cream sweets sold in Isfahan city and the antibiotic resistance of the obtained isolates. In this study, 120 cream sweets from the supply centers of this product in different parts of Isfahan city were randomly sampled and transferred to the specialized food hygiene laboratory of Shahrekord Azad University, next to the ice flask, in order to avoid secondary contamination. The standard method was used to search for microorganisms. The collected data was used in SPSS version 26 statistical software and chi-square test was used for data analysis. The results showed that Escherichia coli and Salmonella contamination was negative in all samples, but Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed in 4 cases of cream sweets. The samples were the most sensitive to tetracycline, streptomycin and amikacin and the most resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. In this survey, it was determined that a high percentage of the cream sweets offered in Isfahan city are in compliance with the existing standards in the society in terms of contamination and health quality to some extent, but in order to improve the health of the society, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Anti-Shigella Effect of Turmeric Curcumin Composition
Neginsadat Mireshghi Zohreh Jafari Behrooz Shojaei SadiShigella are gram-negative, motionless, spore-causing bacteria that cause a condition called shigellosis, or bacilli. Shigella Due to the low infectious dose (10-100 bacteria) and high side effects, the increase in antibiotic-resistant strains is significant. Shigellosi MoreShigella are gram-negative, motionless, spore-causing bacteria that cause a condition called shigellosis, or bacilli. Shigella Due to the low infectious dose (10-100 bacteria) and high side effects, the increase in antibiotic-resistant strains is significant. Shigellosis is the second leading cause of death in children under 5 years of age. Early diagnosis and antibiotic treatment play a key role in reducing complications and mortality. Curcumin is a phenolic compound extracted from Turmeric, which is due to the pharmacological and antibacterial properties of Turmeric. Recent studies have shown that Curcumin in appropriate doses inhibits Shigella growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-Shigella effect of Curcumin. The present study is a review research. Research has shown that the inhibitory dilutions of Curcumin on Shigella are 80-256 µg/ml and its minimum lethal concentration is 512 µg/ml. Due to the fact that Curcumin is widely used as a food, it can be used as a drug in clinical Conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Life Cycle Assessment and Environmental Effects of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Production in Alborz Province
Shahram Khosravi Bami Mohammad Reza Ardakani Abdolmajid Mahdavi Damghani Amir Hossein Shirani Rad Parisa Nejatkhah ManaviIn recent years, growing awareness of environmental problems, particularly global warming, has raised concerns about the impact of greenhouse gas emissions on the global atmosphere. More life cycle assessments are used to assess and compare the environmental impacts of MoreIn recent years, growing awareness of environmental problems, particularly global warming, has raised concerns about the impact of greenhouse gas emissions on the global atmosphere. More life cycle assessments are used to assess and compare the environmental impacts of energy production and the economic aspects of producing a product worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze the environmental effects of canola production in terms of life cycle assessment (LCA) using SimaPro software with the aim of focusing on environmental impacts. In order to perform the experiments, one ton of rapeseed was used as the operational unit. Required data were collected from 30 farms in Alborz province. The results indicated that the potential of human toxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity, and arine aquatic ecotoxicity per ton of rapeseed production were 881.63, 7.08, 288.67, and 618515.14 kg 1,4-dichlorobenzene equal (1,4-DB eq.), respectively, and photochemical oxidation potential was 0.43 kg C2H4 eq. The amount of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium used to produce each ton of rapeseed was about 84, 63 and 63 kg, respectively, and the amount of diesel fuel and electrical energy were estimated at 133.5 liters and 586 kW, respectively. Also, the CO2, CO, N2O and NOX emissions were about 361, 4.1, 11.5 and 4.8 kg per ton of rapeseed, respectively. It was also found that chemical fertilizers had the largest contribution among the evaluated inputs in the canola life cycle. As a whole, this study showed that the management of nutrients and pesticides can be considered as a strong point for optimizing the environmental impact of rapeseed production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - A review on ammonia toxicity in fish
Alireza JahanbaniAbstractAmmonia toxicity is one of the most common types of poisoning in fish, which sometimes manifests itself in acute and sometimes chronic forms. Ammonia enters the water from various sources such as industrial wastes, agricultural runoff, and decomposition of micro MoreAbstractAmmonia toxicity is one of the most common types of poisoning in fish, which sometimes manifests itself in acute and sometimes chronic forms. Ammonia enters the water from various sources such as industrial wastes, agricultural runoff, and decomposition of microorganisms living in water and as the final excreta resulting from the catabolism of proteins and amino acids in aquatic animals. Ammonia poisoning is associated with a wide range of symptoms due to the concentration of this substance. These symptoms can range from simple behavioral changes to severe neurological symptoms and death. Fish adopt different strategies when this poisoning occurs; these include reducing nutrition, reducing protein metabolism, detoxifying ammonia and turning it into less toxic substances. Almost all fish organs respond to ammonia poisoning, but organs such as the liver, gills, muscles, and brain play a more prominent role in the development of symptoms, condition control, and detoxification. Understanding the biochemical mechanisms of these organs in the face of ammonia toxicity and understanding the pathophysiology of this toxicity can help prevent or manage this poisoning if it occurs. Of course, not all fish species respond the same way to ammonia toxicity, and some species that are more resistant may be better breeding options. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Effect of different recovery times on some Indicators of metabolic enzymes in liver and gill tissue and blood biochemical factors in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) as a result of the sub lethal concentration of ammonia
هاشم خندان بارانی حسینعلی دهمرده محمدرضا حیدریAmmonia is the most toxic compounds of nitrogen which is a serious problem in the aquaculture industry. In this study, we investigated the effect of sub lethal concentration of ammonia on the activity of tissue enzymes and some blood biochemical parameters and recovery MoreAmmonia is the most toxic compounds of nitrogen which is a serious problem in the aquaculture industry. In this study, we investigated the effect of sub lethal concentration of ammonia on the activity of tissue enzymes and some blood biochemical parameters and recovery ability of common carp. The total of 80 common carps (mean body weight of 50±4.5 g) was divided randomly into four groups of 20 each. Group I: 96 hours under the expose of ammonia, Group II: 96 hours under the expose of ammonia and serving a 24-hour recovery period, Group III: 96 hours under the expose of ammonia and serving a 7-day recovery period and Group IV: were reared in normal freshwater and served as the control. From each group to assess the biochemical and enzymatic factors of tissue and blood samples were collected. The results showed that ammonia significantly increased the activity of enzymes AST, ALP and LDH in both tissues But significant increase in ALT activity were observed in any of these tissues (P<0.05). After seven days of enzyme activity was significantly decreased in the gill tissue And this process were observed in liver enzymes AST and LDH but ALP activity after seven days of recovery, still significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05). Ammonia is also significant decreases in serum protein while the amount of cortisol and glucose increased. All of these factors have returned to normal after a seven-day recovery period. The ammonia can cause changes in the activity of metabolic enzymes in the liver and gill damage to the tissues and some biochemical parameters in serum of common carp and proper conditions (absence of ammonia) can be significant improvement in the texture of the fish. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Impact of metabisulfite sodium on microbial quality of farmed vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) (orginal reserch article)
Mina Seifzadeh, M A.A. KhaniporThis project was carried out to evaluate the effect of metabisulfite sodium on microbial quality, shelf-life as well as residual of metabisulfite sodium in edible tissue of processed cultured shrimp during freezing storage. The samples were treated with 3% metabisulfite MoreThis project was carried out to evaluate the effect of metabisulfite sodium on microbial quality, shelf-life as well as residual of metabisulfite sodium in edible tissue of processed cultured shrimp during freezing storage. The samples were treated with 3% metabisulfite sodium for 10 minutes and were stored at -18 °C for 6 months. Then, the microbial quality of the samples was assayed. Results revealded a significant reduction (P<0.05) in total bacterial count and populations of staphylococci and coliform bacteria in the test and control samples. Moreover, contamination with Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Vibrio parahemolyticus and Escherichia coli was estimated below 10 CFU/g in the both test and control samples. According to the results, the amount of metabisulfite sodium residue in the treated shrimp samples was below the approved limit of 100 mg/kg. During the storage period a significant (P<0.05) difference was observed between the treatment and control groups. Absence of pathogenic bacteria in the treated samples together with the approved level of metabisulfite sodium residual in the final product, it was concluded that metabisulfite sodium treatment could be a suitable method for kepping the microbial quality of vannamei shrimp. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Epidemiological study of acute food poisoning recorded at Imam Khomeini Hospital of Kermanshah during 4 years period (2008-2011)
کیومرث Sharafi مسعود Moradi عبداله Dargahi زهرا Rezaee سروه Khamoushi مرضیه Naderi Foodborne diseases remain as one of the world’s major health problem that often poses severe and immediate danger. Epidemiological studies have essential role in identifying the contamination sources, transmission routes and prevalence rates of foodbo More Foodborne diseases remain as one of the world’s major health problem that often poses severe and immediate danger. Epidemiological studies have essential role in identifying the contamination sources, transmission routes and prevalence rates of foodborne diseases, as well as establishing the prevention/control strategies. The aim of this study was to conduct an epidemiological survey on acute foodborne diseases recorded at Imam Khomeini Hospital of Kermanshah during 4 years (2008-2011). For this, the information of patients was extracted using 165 medical files. Using Chi-Square test, the relationship between the occurrence of foodborne diseases and different variables was determined. Considering the season, gender and age of the patients, it was revealed that most incidences of foodborne diseases were observed in spring, male patients and age group of 15 to 30 years. The incidence trend of foodborne diseases was increased from 2008 to 2011. Moreover, there were a significant relationship among incidence of foodborne diseases with season, month, gender and age group (P < 0.01). According to the results it is crucial that the responsible authorities bring about the public educations to increase the public awareness using radio, TV shows, newspapers, and etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Brasscia rapa. L root on methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity in the rat
Saeed Khodadad داریوش مهاجری Ramin Kaffashi ElahiMethotrexate as an anticancer drug is hepatotoxic at high doses. It has been proven that oxidative stress is involved in methotrexate induced toxicity. Because of antioxidant potential of Brassica rapa. L root, this study was undertaken to examine the protective effect MoreMethotrexate as an anticancer drug is hepatotoxic at high doses. It has been proven that oxidative stress is involved in methotrexate induced toxicity. Because of antioxidant potential of Brassica rapa. L root, this study was undertaken to examine the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Brasscia rapa L. (BR) root on methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity in the rat. For this purpose, forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups. Group 1 was used as control; groups 2 and 4 were orally treated with BR root extract (200 mg/kg) for 15 consecutive days. Groups 3 and 4 received a single intraperitoneal dose of methotrexate (20 mg/kg) on the 10th day of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, serumic levels of AST and ALT, ALP and total bilirubin, albumin and total proteins were assessed. Malondialdehyde and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were assayed in liver homogenates. Tissue sections were prepared from the liver and finally, the biochemical findings were compared with histopathological results. In group 4, BR root extract significantly (p<0.05) decreased the levels of serum biomarkers of hepatic injury and total bilirubin, and significantly increased the levels of serum albumin and total proteins (p<0.05). Also BR root extract significantly (p<0.05) decreased the lipid peroxidation and elevated the decreased values of hepatic antioxidants in this group. Histopathologic changes including degeneration, inflammation and necrosis were in agreement with biochemical findings. The results indicated that BR root extract, because of its antioxidant potential, exerts a protective effect against methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Study of the incidence of pregnancy toxemia by measuring some blood elements, metabolites and cortisol levels in Ghezel ewes
sakineh hosseini Gholamali Moghaddam Abbas Rafat Aytak Bakhshayesh KhiabaniPregnancy toxemia of ewes is a metabolic disease caused by glucose deficiency in mothers in response to rapid increases in fetal requirements. The objective of this study was evaluation of some blood elements and metabolites and cortisol levels in pregnant Ghezel ewes a MorePregnancy toxemia of ewes is a metabolic disease caused by glucose deficiency in mothers in response to rapid increases in fetal requirements. The objective of this study was evaluation of some blood elements and metabolites and cortisol levels in pregnant Ghezel ewes at Khalatposhan research station. In this study, blood samples were taken from 50 pregnant ewes at three times, before mating, during pregnancy and before lambing. Thereafter, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, urea and total protein levels were measured using the spectrophotometric method and blood cortisol concentration using the Elisa method. The effect of parity on serum glucose concentration was significant (p<0.01). Phosphorus concentration in all ewes was at the same level and no significant difference was observed regarding phosphorous levels between ewes. Lambing type had no effect on the measured parameters. Blood sampling time had significant effect (p<0.01) on all the measured parameters except phosphorus. Serum cortisol levels were significantly (p<0.01) increased by body weight of lambs at birth. There was a negative correlation between glucose and urea (r=-0.16). The correlation between total protein and urea (r=0.42) and total protein and phosphorous (r=-0.21) was statistically significant (p<0.01). In general it can be concluded that pregnancy toxemia could be prevented by measurement and analysis of blood metabolites during pregnancy and the use of suitable diets and management strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Protective effect of Descurainia sophia ethanolic extract on antioxidant enzyme levels in carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage of Wistar rats
Mahboubeh Mahlouji Akram Eidi Pejman Mortazavi Shahrbanoo OryanVarious studies have shown the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of Descorainia sophia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective ability of Descorainia sophia ethanolic extract in liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in male Wistar MoreVarious studies have shown the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of Descorainia sophia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective ability of Descorainia sophia ethanolic extract in liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in male Wistar rats. In this experimental study, 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 10 groups of 6 consisting of normal control, intoxified control (intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 ml/kg of carbon tetrachloride), normal experimental (Descorainia sophia ethanolic extract at doses of 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg via intragastric gavage) and intoxified experimental (intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 ml/kg of carbon tetrachloride and Descorainia sophia ethanolic extract at doses of 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg via intragastric gavage). After 28 days, the levels of antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and level of malondialdehyde in liver homogenate were evaluated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test with statistical significance defined as p<0.05. Our results showed that administration of carbon tetrachloride significantly decreased the levels of antioxidant enzymes and increased the level of malondialdehyde in the intoxified control group in comparison to normal control group (p<0.001). Also, the administration of Descorainia sophia ethanolic extract significantly increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes and decreased the level of malondialdehyde in the liver of intoxified experimental groups in comparison with the intoxified control group (p<0.05) in a dose dependent manner. The results of the study indicated that Descorainia sophia removes free radicals and reduces oxidative stress caused by carbon tetrachloride in hepatic tissue of rats probably due to its flavonoid compounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Evaluation of some diagnostic indices of subclinical pregnancy toxemia in Lori-Bakhtiari ewes
Nahid Changalvaie Arash Kheradmand Alireza Rocky Shahram MalekiPregnancy toxemia is known as an important metabolic disorder in pregnant ewes, which often causes damage to the animal husbandry industry in the final months of pregnancy by increasing the number of casualties or reducing the productivity of ewes. This study was perfor MorePregnancy toxemia is known as an important metabolic disorder in pregnant ewes, which often causes damage to the animal husbandry industry in the final months of pregnancy by increasing the number of casualties or reducing the productivity of ewes. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between subclinical pregnancy toxemia and litter size in Lori-Bakhtiari ewes and the relationship between BHBA (Beta-hydroxybutyric acid), glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in non-pregnant and pregnant (singleton and twins) ewes. Jugular vein blood samples were obtained from 103 Lori-Bakhtiari ewes including 30 non-pregnant ewes (control group) and 73 pregnant ewes in their fifth month of pregnancy (68 singleton and 5 twins). Concentration of BHBA, glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol in serum samples were measured using commercial kits and photometry. There was no significant difference regarding BHBA and cholesterol between the three studied groups. There was a significant difference in serum glucose concentration between the control group with singleton pregnant and twin pregnant groups (p<0.05). Triglyceride concentration in twin pregnant group was significantly higher than the other two groups (p<0.05). Pearson's test in twin pregnant ewes indicated a significant negative correlation between BHBA and glucose (p<0.001 and r=-0.402); While there was no significant relationship between BHBA and triglyceride, and BHBA and cholesterol in twin pregnant group. The results of the present study showed that BHBA, glucose and triglyceride are reliable indicators for subclinical pregnancy toxemia detection in the last month of pregnancy of Lori-Bakhtiari ewes; however, measurement of cholesterol is not useful in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Studying preventive effects of Berberisintegerrimaon root on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in broilers
mohammadreza mohammadimalayeri abolfazl dadkhahtehrani zahra oraghiardebili hamid nazeriLiver diseases and their economic losses have gained more importancealongside the development of integrated poultry industry. Studies have proved hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride as one of the best experimental models of hepatotocicity. Barberries have bee MoreLiver diseases and their economic losses have gained more importancealongside the development of integrated poultry industry. Studies have proved hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride as one of the best experimental models of hepatotocicity. Barberries have been used widely in traditional medicine.The purpose of the present study was to evaluaterthe preventive effects of Berberisintegerrima root on carbon tetrachloride induced liver lesions in broilers.For this purpose, 80 day old Ross strain broilers were divided randomly to 8 study groupsconsisting of negative control, positive control which received IP 4ml/kg b.w. carbon tetrachloride twice in 25th and 28thdays , treatment controls consisting of 10,20 and 30 grams of Berberisintegerrima root per kilogram of diet and treatment groups consisting of 10,20 and 30 gr. Of Berberis root / Kg diet + IPcarbontetrachloride 4ml/Kg b.w. twice in 25th and 28th days.At 29th day, blood samples were collected from animals, then they were sacrificed and their liver samples were fixed in 10% formalin solution. The blood samples were sent to laboratory to measure ALT,AST and ALP activities.Biochemical results didn't show any significant changes of ALT,AST and ALP activities between all study groups (P>0.05). Microscopic results showed significant decrease in pathologic lesions of 20 gr Berberis root /Kg diet treatment group in comparison with the positive control group(P<0.05).The results of this study indicated that to induce more severe hepatocellular lesions in broilers by carbon tetrachloride doses more than 4ml/Kg b.w are needed.Adding 20 gr Berberisintegerrima root /Kg diet could have preventive effects against acute hapatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Preventive effects of silymarin extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in broilers
mohammadreza Mohammadi Malayeri abolfazl Dadkhah Tehrani amir Rezaei It has been proved that Silymarin is effective in prevention and treatment of human liver diseases such as cirrhosis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the preventive effects of Silymarin extract as a food additive on hepatotoxicity ind More It has been proved that Silymarin is effective in prevention and treatment of human liver diseases such as cirrhosis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the preventive effects of Silymarin extract as a food additive on hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in broilers. Ninety broiler chickens were randomly assigned to 9 equal study groups as follow: negative control, positive control which were injected 2ml/kg BW (body weight) ccl4 dissolved in olive oil (1:1) via IP in the 24th and 26th days, olive oil control, treatment controls which were receiving 3,6 and 10 mg/kg BW silymarin in 1ml olive oil respectively by gavage from the 21st up to 26th days and treatment groups which received ccl4 and 3,6 and 10 mg/kg BW silymarin extract respectively. Blood and liver samples were collected to assay ALT, AST and ALP activities as well as pathological changes. The Data were analyzed using ANOVA method by SPSS. The results revealed that carbon tetrachloride significantly increased ALT,AST and ALP activities in comparison with the negative control group (p<0.01). The 3, 6 and 10 mg/kg b.w. silymarin treatments significantly decreased the enzyme activities in comparison with the positive group (p<0.01). Histopathological findings confirmed the biochemical results. In conclusion, the results proved that silymarin treatment could be effective in the prevention of hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in Broilers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Hemolytic anemia due to experimental onion poisoning in Iranian Ghezel sheep
یعقوب Haji-Sadeghi مجید Fartashvand مهدی Shokouhi S.R BahavarniaThis study was conducted on 10 male Iranian Ghezel sheep. To ensure the health of livestock and deworming treatment, sheep were kept without any intervention and on a normal and high quality diet for a month. Then onion was added to the animal's diet gradually, and afte MoreThis study was conducted on 10 male Iranian Ghezel sheep. To ensure the health of livestock and deworming treatment, sheep were kept without any intervention and on a normal and high quality diet for a month. Then onion was added to the animal's diet gradually, and after a week sheep were fed only with onions. Animals were fed with onions for 10 weeks, regular and weekly blood sampling was done during this period. Clinical findings included anemia, paleness of mucus membranes, tachycardia, weakness, lethargy and death in some cases. Red blood cell counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit decreased from week 1, reaching to a significant low on week 3 (p<0.01). The Heinz body counts were increased dramatically from week 1 peaking on week 5 (p<0.001). A slight increase in hematological indices occurred after week 8; however 2 sheep died due to severe anemia. Results from this study indicated that feeding sheep with excess onions should be done cautiously to minimize the harmful effects caused by hemolytic anemia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Knowledge, attitude and practice of resident women of Shiraz about food borne disease
Mohammad Hasan Ehrampoush Bahador Hajimohammadi assieh amiri سپیده خلعت بری- لیماکی سکینه گرایلو مطهره السادات حسینیOne of the major problems of health and medical education in all countries, is the frequency of epidemics in associated with food. To prevent food-borne illness, the housewives role is very important. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude an MoreOne of the major problems of health and medical education in all countries, is the frequency of epidemics in associated with food. To prevent food-borne illness, the housewives role is very important. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of woman who lived in Shiraz about food borne disease. This cross-sectional study surveyed 266 women resident in Shiraz by referring to their homes. The questionnaire included demographic variables, questions related to knowledge, attitude and practice. Data analysis was conducted using T-Test, ANOVA, and 2χ at 0.05 level with SPSS version 18. According to the results, the average age is 35/35 ± 10/32. In general, the women have the moderate to fine score of knowledge, attitude and practice and there was a significant positive correlation between the variables of knowledge, attitude and practice. Based on the findings of this study and the lack of awareness of some important pathogens such as Salmonella, E-coli and other foodborne pathogens the necessity to educate Housewives about the Risk factors associated with food is specified Since the best way to reduce food-borne poisoning, is proper and efficient training to the people who are responsible for producing and supplying food. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Identification of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) Strains Associated with Food Poisoning Outbreaks in Clinical Samples
Parisa Behshod Elahe Tajbakhsh Hassan MomtazMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis is an important pathogen that causes infectious diseases whose treatment is extremely formidable. Staphylococcus epidermidis enterotoxins with effects on intestinal epithelial cells can are be causing Create food poisonin MoreMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis is an important pathogen that causes infectious diseases whose treatment is extremely formidable. Staphylococcus epidermidis enterotoxins with effects on intestinal epithelial cells can are be causing Create food poisoning in people. The aim of current study is to the identification of MRSE strains associated with food poisoning outbreaks in Isfahan. During six- months, 60 clinical specimens to isolated from strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis were screened. Following identification strains, MRSE isolates were isolated by PCR method and, and then antibiotic resistance pattern of them was determined by Kirby – Bauer method. The presence of the sea, seb, sed and, sei genes was analyzed by PCR. 45 isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis were isolated from 60 samples, 30 isolate (66.6 percent) were MRSE. MRSE isolates exhibited the highest rates of resistance to penicillin (80 percent), and cefoxitin (56.6 percent), while they showed the lowest resistance to levofloxacin (13.3 percent), and rifampicin (6.6 percent). The prevalence rate of Moreover, the frequency of enterotoxin genes sea, seb, sed and, sei was 60 percent, 63.3 percent, 13.3 percent and, 76.6 percent respectively, in the isolate. In this study, high percentage of MRSE isolates were antibiotic resistant and produced enterotoxin. Considering that these toxins are superantigen and can more intense the complications of clinical and nosocomial infections, detecting and rapid treatment of these infections are essential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - اثر عصاره ی گل راعی دیهیمی (Hypericum scabrum L) بر صفات خون، وزن و دمای بدن در موش
عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی محسن جعفریان دهکردی رحمان پورحکیم داودی بهزاد حامدی محمد ربیعیمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به خواص دارویی بسیار ارزنده گیاه دارویی گل راعی، تاکنون تحقیقات چندانی در خصوص مسمومیت و عوارض جانبی غلظت‌های بالای گونه گل راعی دیهیمی نشده است. بنابراین با توجه به موارد فوق تحقیق حاضر جهت مطالعه اثرات مسمومیت ناشی از مصرف گل راعی دیهیمی‌بر خصوصیا Moreمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به خواص دارویی بسیار ارزنده گیاه دارویی گل راعی، تاکنون تحقیقات چندانی در خصوص مسمومیت و عوارض جانبی غلظت‌های بالای گونه گل راعی دیهیمی نشده است. بنابراین با توجه به موارد فوق تحقیق حاضر جهت مطالعه اثرات مسمومیت ناشی از مصرف گل راعی دیهیمی‌بر خصوصیات بالینی و رفتاری در موش به مرحله اجرا در آمد.روش تحقیق: گونه مورد مطالعه از منطقه سبزکوه در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری جمع آوری شد. جهت بررسی مسمومیت عصاره گیاه گل راعی، 5 گروه آزمایشی هر گروه شامل 4 سر موش که به چهار گروه از آن­ها غلظت های 100تا 1000 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم وزن زنده موش عصاره خورانده شد و به گروه شاهد عصاره ای خورانده نشد. در نهایت پس از 24 ساعت صفات مختلف خونی، وزنی و دمایی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. هم­چنین مطابق روش قبلی این صفات برای 14 روز بعد از خورانده شدن دزهای فوق مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت.نتایج و بحث: در بررسی نتایج پاتولوژیک کلیه و کبد تفاوت آشکاری بین گروههای مختلف مشاهده نشد. در بررسی آماری انجام شده روی نتایج به دست آمده، در خصوص صفاتی نظیر HCT، Hb، RBC، Mono، MCV، Band، MCH، MCHC و pH تفاوت آماری معنی داری بین گروههای تیمار و شاهد به دست نیامد (p<0.05). در مورد شمارش گلبول‌های سفید، نوتروفیل و ائوزینوفیل تفاوت معنی داری بین گروههای تیمار با گروه شاهد مشاهده شد (p<0.05) به طوری که علت این افزایش، استرس فیزیولوژیک ناشی از دز بالای دارو می‌باشد، زیرا در میزان Band Cell (نوتروفیل نابالغ) که شاخصی جهت بروز عفونت و پاسخ مغز استخوان می‌باشد، افزایش مشاهده نمی‌گردد.توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی : به طور کلی عصاره گل راعی دیهیمی در هیچ­کدام از غلظت‌های استفاده شده دارای اثر سمیت زائی نمی‌باشد و تنها میتواند باعث ایجاد تابلو استرس در نمونه‌های مورد آزمایش شود. اما با نگاهی به وزن موش ها پس از دو هفته مطالعه و آزمایش، می‌توان افزایش وزن موش ها را در پایان مطالعه مشاهده کرد که گویی این گیاه باعث افزایش وزن شده است. در کل به غیر از تأثیرات پاتولوژیکی که در غلظت‌های بالا از خود نشان داد، گل راعی دیهیمی دارای اثر سوء دیگری نمی‌باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - بررسی اثر عصاره ی کاسنی (Cichorium intybus L) و اسانس کرفس بختیاری (Kelussia orderatassima Mozaff) بر رفع مسمومیت ناشی از سموم ارگانوفسفر در موش صحرایی
عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی علی شاه ولی فیروزه سقایی شهرزاد عزیزی بهزاد حامدی لهراسب شاهقلیانمقدمه و هدف: در دانش بومی طب سنتی و دام­پزشکی سنتی از برخی گیاهان دارویی به عنوان رفع مسمومیت به کار می­رفته است. به همین منظور جهت بررسی اثر ضد مسمومیت عصاره یا اسانس دو گیاه دارویی و مقایسه اثرات این گیاهان با داروهای سنتزی در مسمومیت با سموم ارگــانوفســفره ت Moreمقدمه و هدف: در دانش بومی طب سنتی و دام­پزشکی سنتی از برخی گیاهان دارویی به عنوان رفع مسمومیت به کار می­رفته است. به همین منظور جهت بررسی اثر ضد مسمومیت عصاره یا اسانس دو گیاه دارویی و مقایسه اثرات این گیاهان با داروهای سنتزی در مسمومیت با سموم ارگــانوفســفره تحقیق حاضر انجام شد. روش تحقیق: در همــین راســـتا اثر عصاره اتانولی ریشه کاسنی (Cichorium intybus L.) و اسانس برگ گیاه کلوس(Kelussia orderatassima Mozaff.) بر روی بافت های کبد و کلیه موش صحرایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. صفاتی نظیر میانگین تغییر وزن ثانویه و ضایعات پاتولوژیکی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج و بحث: نتایج به دست آمده از مشاهدات هیستوپاتولوژیک کلیه نشان داد که کمترین ضایعات مربوط به گروه تحت درمان با کلوس با پیمانه 200 و 400 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم و بیشترین ضایعات در گروه­های تحت درمان با ریشه کاسنی با پیمانه 200 و 400 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم و گروه تحت درمان با داروی استاندارد ( فنوباربیتال سدیم و شارکل فعال) بود. در بررسی هیستوپاتولوژیک نمونه های کبد بیشترین اثر حفاظتی مربوط به گروه تحت درمان با داروی استاندارد و در ادامه گروه تحت درمان با گیاه کلوس با پیمانه 400 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم و سپس گروه تحت درمان با گیاه کلوس با پیمانه 200 میلی­گرم بودند. کمترین اثر حفاظت کنندگی کبدی مربوط به گروه شاهد و گروه تحت درمان با کاسنی با پیمانه 200 میلی گرم بود. نتایج مربوط به تغییر افزایش وزن ثانویه به وزن اولیه حاکی از آن بود که گروه تحت درمان با داروی استاندارد بیشترین افزایش وزن و گروه تحت درمان با گیاه کلوس با پیمانه 200 میلی­گرم کمترین میانگین افزایش را داشتند. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با بررسی نتایج چنین به نظر می­رسد که وجود ماده موثره­ی در گیاه کلوس می­تواند اثرات مسمومیت سموم ارگانوفسفره را کاهش دهد، بنابراین استخراج ماده موثره از این گیاه را توصیه می­شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - EFFECT OF POMEGRANATE (PUNICA GRANATUM L.) HYDROETHANOLIC PEEL EXTRACT ON LIVER INJURY INDUCED BY AFLATOXIN IN ADULT MALE RATS
Mahnaz Nazari Alireza Sadeghipour Maryam EidiThe objective of this study is to investigate the detoxification effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of pomegranate fruit peel on tissue and liver enzymes in male rats empoisoned by aflatoxin. The animals were empoisoned by aflatoxin gavage at dose of 480 µg/kg ever MoreThe objective of this study is to investigate the detoxification effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of pomegranate fruit peel on tissue and liver enzymes in male rats empoisoned by aflatoxin. The animals were empoisoned by aflatoxin gavage at dose of 480 µg/kg every day for a period of 8 weeks. Hydro ethanolic extract was co-treated at doses 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg for a period of 8 weeks with aflatoxin. After 8 weeks, the sampling was done from the heart and liver of animals. The serum parameters were measured including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and serum Total Protein (TP) by kit. Tissue sections were prepared by liver sampling and stained using hematoxylin-eosin method. The results showed that the aflatoxin increased serum AP, AST and ALT, while decreased total protein levels and also increased of liver damage score in empoisoned rats compared to healthy control group. The treatment of extract at doses 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg caused significant decrease of serum AP, AST, and ALT levels and damage score of liver , while increased serum total protein level in the empoisoned rats compared to the empoisoned control group. The results indicated that the hydro-ethanolic extract of pomegranatel has protective effect against aflatoxin in animal, so usage of the fruit should be consider in the traditional medicine to treat the liver disorders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Effect of hydro-ethanolic extract of Cucumis melo seeds on hepatic expression of genes encoding NADPH-oxidase and glutathione peroxidase in ethylene glycol-induced toxicity in male rats
Mehrnoosh Sadat Hoseinii Siamak Yousefi Siahkalroodi Maryam EidiIn the present study, the effect of hydroanthanolic extract of melon seed on the expression level of NOX4 and GPx1 genes in ethylene glycol poisoned mice was evaluated. In the present study, melon seed extract was first prepared by soaking in 80% ethanol. Mice were divi MoreIn the present study, the effect of hydroanthanolic extract of melon seed on the expression level of NOX4 and GPx1 genes in ethylene glycol poisoned mice was evaluated. In the present study, melon seed extract was first prepared by soaking in 80% ethanol. Mice were divided into 5 groups in each group 6 rat: a healthy control group, a poisoned control group and three experimental poisoned groups. To the experimental poisoned group, concentrations of 150, 300 and 600 mg/ kg of hydroethanolic extract of melon seed were fed orally. The results of the present study show that daily oral administration of ethylene glycol significantly increases the expression of genes encoding NOX4 and GPx1 in toxic groups compared to healthy controls. Increased expression of NOX4 and GPx1 genes indicates the occurrence of ethylene glycol-induced inflammation and toxicity. Treatment with hydroethanolic extract of melon seed at concentrations of 150, 300 and 600 mg / kg body weight significantly reduced the expression of NOX4 and GPx1 genes in the experimental groups compared with the control group. Decreased expression of NOX4 gene in comparison with the poisoned control group shows that administration of hydroethanolic extract of melon seed has reduced inflammation caused by ethylene glycol toxicity. Due to the fact that the amount of H2O2 increases following hepatotoxicity caused by ethylene glycol, the expression of the gene encoding glutathione peroxidase increases. Following treatment with melon hydroethanolic extract, H2O2 production is reduced, which may be due to the effects of antioxidant compounds in the extract. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - بررسی آسیب شناسی بافتی درمسمومیت تجربی با دیازینون در بچه ماهیان قزل آلای رنگین کمان(Oncorhynchus mykiss)
مسعود سعیدی فر حبیب وهاب زاده رودسری عباسعلی زمینی الهام میررسولی رضوان اله کاظمی -
Open Access Article
27 - The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Golden Wheat Flower on the Activity of Liver Enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP) Following Hepatotoxicity Caused by Acetaminophen in Male Rats
Nahid Jahanbazi Shahla RoozbehaniThis study was aimed at investigating the effect of aqueous extract of golden wheat flower on acetaminophen-induced liver tissue damage in rats. Forty-two male rats were randomly assigned to seven groups of six (control group and five treatment groups) and kept hungry f MoreThis study was aimed at investigating the effect of aqueous extract of golden wheat flower on acetaminophen-induced liver tissue damage in rats. Forty-two male rats were randomly assigned to seven groups of six (control group and five treatment groups) and kept hungry for 12-16 hours the night before the experiment and all groups were given 600 mg/kg daily for five weeks. Acetaminophen was administered orally. During the experiment, based on the weight of mice, 0.2 ml of wheat flower extract with concentrations of 160, 180, 200, 220, 240, and 260 mg/kg orally and one hour after receiving a toxic dose of acetaminophen. Liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP) were assayed and the liver tissue of mice treated was examined under a light microscope. The results of this study showed that the aqueous extract of golden wheat flower affected the activity of aspartate aminotransferase enzyme and at a dose of 260 significantly decreased (p <0.05) compared to other groups. Besides, the severity of liver damage showed a significant difference between the groups; however, the levels of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase did not show a significant difference between different groups. The research results proved the effect of the aqueous extract of golden wheat flower in preventing liver tissue damage following liver poisoning caused by taking acetaminophen. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Artichoke Leaves on Triglyceride and Blood Cholesterol Levels following Inhalation Toxicity in Male Rats
N. Khosravizad Gh. Vaezi N. Hayati RoudbariIncreased levels of blood cholesterol and triglyceride have many implications for humans and sufferers suffer from high costs annually. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of leaf extract of artichoke after lead inhalation in triglyceride and cholester MoreIncreased levels of blood cholesterol and triglyceride have many implications for humans and sufferers suffer from high costs annually. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of leaf extract of artichoke after lead inhalation in triglyceride and cholesterol levels in rats. In the first day, 5 groups of 6 male adult rats were contracted except for the control group under the lead inhalation. From the first day, 5 mg of extract gavage in the experimental groups at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg Mice weight was measured for 10 days. On the 10th day, the blood was collected from the heart and the remaining blood was separated and frozen with triglyceride and cholesterol kits for measurement. In this method (SPSS software, mean ± SD) method and Tukey test were used for data analysis.Blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels were determined by special kit after lead inhalation in the blood and after application of artichoke extract, p≤ 0.001 was statistically significant. The result was a decrease in the blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the artichoke leaf extract.due to its high antioxidant properties, leaf extract can reduce blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Therefore, Artichoke can be useful for reducing blood glucose in daily diet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Histopathological survey on Salinomycin toxicity in broiler chickens infected by experimental coccidiosis
F. Moayer Sh Shojaei, H. Hosseini مطهر Esfandyari,Coccidiosis is a signifcant problem in the industrial poultry raising systems and several drugs are being used in order to prevent and treat this problem. Ionophores are the most common anticoccidials drug. Salinomycin has an extreme use in Iran poultry industry as a MoreCoccidiosis is a signifcant problem in the industrial poultry raising systems and several drugs are being used in order to prevent and treat this problem. Ionophores are the most common anticoccidials drug. Salinomycin has an extreme use in Iran poultry industry as a coccidiostat drug, this study has been performed to evaluate toxicity effects of its overdoses in broiler chickens infected by experimental coccidiosis on the basis of histopathological fndings. 50 female Cobb-500 day-old chicks randomly divided in 5 groups (control positive, control negative and treatment 1, 2 and 3). All chickens were infected by Eimeria strains included 25% E.tenella, 40% E.maxima, 20% E.acervulina and 15% E.necatrix in oral administration of 100 (equal to 10000 Oocysts). Control positive group was received preventing dose of Salinomycin (75 ppm). Chickens in treatment groups 1, 2 and 3 received 150, 300 and 600 ppm of drug respectively and in negative control group no drug was added after contamination. During the study, external symptoms and necropsy fndings were exactly evaluated. The tissue samples were fxed in neutral buffered 10% formalin, routinely embedded in paraffn and stained with H&E. Results indicated that higher doses (up to 75 ppm) of Salinomycin increase depression and paralysis. Toxicated chickens were depressed and muscles atrophy, falling down of wings and neck and also green diarrhea were observed obviously. Macroscopic examination confrmed that enhancement the dose of Salinomycin signifcantly prevent intestinal villi and mucous destruction due to Eimeria invasion, but influence growing performance considerably. Acute Cell Swelling (ACS) in proximal tubules and Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) were obvious pathologic fndings in kidneys. Microscopic fndings indicate congestion and hemorrhage in the majority of tissues with necrosis and accumulation of inflammatory cells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - A case report of Mycotoxicosis due to Trichothecium Contamination in a dairy farm in Shahriar province
فرزانه Tajdini مهران Farhoodi Moghadam بنفشه GholamhosseiniTrichothecium is well know as soil saprophytes or plant pathogenic fungi and contaminates cereals specially wheatand barley in the diets. Tricothecium, fusarium and stachybotrys. Can produce trichothecenes mycotoxine. This mycotoxin has very potent toxic effects on huma MoreTrichothecium is well know as soil saprophytes or plant pathogenic fungi and contaminates cereals specially wheatand barley in the diets. Tricothecium, fusarium and stachybotrys. Can produce trichothecenes mycotoxine. This mycotoxin has very potent toxic effects on human and animal bodies.Clinical signs of trichothecene mycotoxicosis includes lower feeding rate, vomiting. Diarrhea, disorders in reproductive system, hematological changes like leucopenia trombocyto penia, and pathologic defects like Epithelionecrosisand gastroentritis also would be observed.In a dairy cattle herd in shahriar province, many cases of abortion, diarrhea and blood in the feces were observed.After mycological investigations for other purposes, 30 samples of their ration and vaginal samples which were contaminated with trichothecium samples were cultured in SDA and PDA.There is possibility of trichothecium mycotoxicosis in this herd because the clinical signs disappeared with replacingthe contaminated diet with a clean diet. The result suggests that trichthecium contamination should be considered indary cattles. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024