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Open Access Article
1 - Evaluation of Antifungal and Antioxidant Properties of Fennel Extract
N. Noshirvani H. Fasihi E. NourmohammadiIntroduction: The recent literature search has introduced fennel and its extracts as potential products with excellent properties and characteristics. The aim of this investigation is to obtain fennel extracts and evaluate its antioxidant and antifungal activities. Mate MoreIntroduction: The recent literature search has introduced fennel and its extracts as potential products with excellent properties and characteristics. The aim of this investigation is to obtain fennel extracts and evaluate its antioxidant and antifungal activities. Materials and Methods: Water, acetone, methanol and ethanol were employed as solvents and extracts were obtained by soxhlet procedure. The amount of polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds of each extract was determined. In addition, the antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of fennel was evaluated based on DPPH radical scavenging activity. Afterwards, the effect of different concentrations of methanolic extract (0, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm) and powder (500 and 1000 ppm) of fennel on the oxidantion activity of sunflower seed oil was investigated in terms of peroxide and thiobarbituric acid values during 15 days of incubation at 70 ⁰C. The antifungal activity of powder and extract of fennel against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium digitatum was also investigated by disc diffusion test. Results: According to the obtained results methanol represented the highest efficiency in extraction of phenolic compounds. The results indicated that fennel extract, especially at high concentrations, showed high DPPH radical-scavenging activity, however its effect was lower than that of TBHQ. The results of oxidation activity showed that the extract and powder of fennel, decreased the oxidation rate of sunflower seed oil as compared to the control. The results of microbiology test indicated good antifungal activity of fennel extract against the two tested microorganisms. Conclusion: Considering the results, fennel extract can be applied as a healthy plant source with good antioxidant and antifungal activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - بررسی اثر تزریق درون صفاقی عصاره الکی دانه گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare) بر وزن اپیدیدیم و دفران و میزان ذخیره اسپرم در اپیدیدیم (ESR) در موش رت نر نژاد ویستار
سیده فهیمه میرسید عبدالحسین شیروی میترا حیدری نصرآبادی -
Open Access Article
3 - Cryopreservation of Foeniculum vulgare L. seeds
Nayereh Ahmadi Shahin MehrpoorCryopreservation is one of the most appropriate and safest tool to preserve plant germplasm species including plants seeds. In this temperature, physiologic activities and metabolic processes of the seeds and plant members are almost held up and seeds are able to surviv MoreCryopreservation is one of the most appropriate and safest tool to preserve plant germplasm species including plants seeds. In this temperature, physiologic activities and metabolic processes of the seeds and plant members are almost held up and seeds are able to survive at unlimited time periods. In this research, in order to preserve seeds of medicinal plant Foeniculum vulgare L.(Apiaceae) in cryopreservation condition, we used three pre-treatments: Glycerol 30 %, and Plant vitrification solution 2 and Desiccation. After a week all of treated seeds were extracted from the liquid Nitrogen(LN) and were melted in Bain-Marie heater with 42°C. Then seeds were transferred to a germinator in 24°C and 16/8H optical period. Results analyzed statistically through laboratory exploration. Results show, Foeniculum vulgare L. seeds' survival in LN are maintained in all three treatments among which Glycerol 30 % treatment has the highest survival percentage 65%, then Desiccation() and PVS2 with 53% and 15% have germinated, comparing the control 83%. Thus, Glycerol 30 % is recommended as appropriate alternative to preserve this plant seeds for long periods of time in preserving centers of plant germplasm preservation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigation of essential oil analysis and antioxidant properties of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Before and after seed cryopreservation.
Shahin Mehrpoor Nayereh Ahmadi Fatemeh Jamallou Mohamad Reza Zand monfaredIntroduction: The term "cryopreservation" refers to the storage of cells, organs, and tissues in liquid nitrogen ( 196 ° C). At this temperature, the physical and biochemical reactions of cells are virtually stopped; in these particular circumstances, the time of pr MoreIntroduction: The term "cryopreservation" refers to the storage of cells, organs, and tissues in liquid nitrogen ( 196 ° C). At this temperature, the physical and biochemical reactions of cells are virtually stopped; in these particular circumstances, the time of protection is unlimited. Storage of seeds is arguably the most efficient method for the ex situ preservation of plant genetic resources. Low storage costs and regeneration of whole plants from genetically diverse material, offer distinct advantages for the storage for conservation of seeds compared with other types of plant tissues. Method& Material: In order to preserve seeds of Foeniculum vulgare(Apiaceae) medicinal plant, in cryopreservation condition, we used Desiccation pre-treatment for seeds. After a week seeds of treatment were extracted from the liquid Nitrogen and were melted in Ben Murray with 42°C. Then treatment and control seeds were transferred to a germinator in 24°C and 16/8H optical period.The seeds were distillated by Clevenger apparatus and the essential oils obtained were analyzed by GC/MS. The antioxidant activity determined by DPPH method. Result: The percent of viability of the control seeds (83%) was observed in comparison to the treated (53%). The major component of essential oil was anethole (80.04%) comparing the control (78.6%). No adverse effects were observed on the antioxidant properties and their essential oils. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The effect Of fennelFeoniculum vulgare) extract on spermatogenesis in mice
Mehrdad ModaresiInroduction and Objective:Fennel is a plant with scientific name Feoniculum vulgare that belong to Apiaceae family. This plant has many pharmaceutical effects which one of the best important uses is increasing of lactation. The essential oil of fennel contains trans ane MoreInroduction and Objective:Fennel is a plant with scientific name Feoniculum vulgare that belong to Apiaceae family. This plant has many pharmaceutical effects which one of the best important uses is increasing of lactation. The essential oil of fennel contains trans anethole, estragole, fenchone and limonene. This study investigated the effect of fennel extract on male Balb/C mice testis histology.Materials and Methods:As first, samples separated full casually, as five groups and in any of group eight samples as experimental groups 1, 2, 3 and two groups, control and placebo, respectively, which kept in the same conditions. Fennel hydro-ethanolic extract provided in different doses. (25, 50, 100 mg/kg/2day) and injected intraperitonealy for 20 days to treated groups and normal saline were injected to placebo group (zero dose).Results:These groups compared with control group. The number of primary spermatocytes and assess of histological properties were done with provided sections of seminiferous tubules and with use light microscope. The results indicated that number of primary spermatocytes and spermatozoids significantly can be decreased in dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg/2day in comparison with other groups. The results of this research indicated the negative effect of fennel extract on male reproductive system because number of sexual cells decreased significantly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Eeffect of hydroalcoholic extract of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on Growth Indices and survival rate in male and female of zebrafish (Danio rerio)
منصوره عبدالمنافی علی شعبانی رقیه صفریInroduction & Objective: Medicinal plants can replace medicines to protect health and increase fish growth in the aquaculture industry. The use of proper diets is one of the most important biological components for fish growth and health. In the current study Effect MoreInroduction & Objective: Medicinal plants can replace medicines to protect health and increase fish growth in the aquaculture industry. The use of proper diets is one of the most important biological components for fish growth and health. In the current study Effect of different levels of hydroalcoholic extract of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on Growth Indices and survival rate in male and female of zebrafish (Danio rerio) Was examined. Material and Methods: 600 pieces zebrafish with average weight of 0.15±0.01 gr In 4 treatments and 3 replications (for each sex of fish) With basic diets with hydroalcoholic extract of fennel With levels 0, 75, 100 and 150 mg/kg of diet for fed 3 times daily During 2/5 months. Results: The results showed that hydroalcoholic extract of fennel significantly increased the final weight gain, body weight gain, body weight gain percentage, Feed Efficiency, Condition Factor, daily growth index, Special growth rate, survival rate and reduced feed conversion rate And eaten daily In both sexes, zebrafish followed a dose-dependent process (P<0/05). Conclusion: The diet containing 150 mg / kg hydroalcoholic extract of fennel is a more favorable diet for achieving optimum growth indices in zebrafish. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The effect of fennel extracted on the probiotic activities in the Drosophila melanogaster and study on the reproductive performance of male Drosophila melanogaster
ابوالحسن رضایی مسعود قانع شیدا اخشابیInroduction & Objective: In the present study, the effect of fennel extract on Drosophila fertility and its role in probiotics were investigated.Probiotics with the activity of the gastrointestinal tract produce numerous vitamins and proteins that are needed for fer MoreInroduction & Objective: In the present study, the effect of fennel extract on Drosophila fertility and its role in probiotics were investigated.Probiotics with the activity of the gastrointestinal tract produce numerous vitamins and proteins that are needed for fertility in flies and in general in different organisms. Material and Method:Fennel extracts were divided into different concentrations. Concentrations containing 25, 50 and 75 mg / ml were added to the culture medium then the number of male spermatozoa were counted under light microscopy to be placed in A medium. Numbers of accessory gland cells, cell size and accessory gland size were observed by light microscopy. Also, accessory gland proteins were isolated and all data were analyzed by SPSS. PCR technique was also performed. Results: The mean number of sperm was 6440 and 3995, the number of accessory gland cells was 3502 and 1364, the size of accessory gland cells was 0.0675 and 0.0286 mm 2, the size of accessory gland was 0.339 and 0.391 cm 2, respectively. The protein of accessory gland 19/16 and 16/95 μg, respectively, were in the concentration of fennel (75 mg / ml) and concentration (25 mg / ml), respectively. The results of analysis showed that fennel had a significant effect on increasing fertility. It showed that a band of approximately 300 bp was observed on the gel. Conclusion: The results showed that when the higher concentration of fennel extract (75mg / ml) was used in the culture medium, the fertility rate in male Drosophila was higher than the lower concentration (25mg / ml) and in the control group. In the present study, the presence of probiotics indicates changes in the culture medium and its effect on fertility rate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Effect of Adding Different Level of Fennel Extracted on the Fertility of Drosophila melanogaster and its Effect on the Density of Probiotics in its Intestine Using Qreal-Time PCR Technique
ابوالحسن رضایی Masood Ghane sheida AkhshabiIInroduction & Objective:The aim of this study, was additive extraxted fennel in the medium for increasing reproductive performance, concentration of probiotices by using qRT-PCR technique.Materials and Methods:In the present study, fennel extracted was MoreIInroduction & Objective:The aim of this study, was additive extraxted fennel in the medium for increasing reproductive performance, concentration of probiotices by using qRT-PCR technique.Materials and Methods:In the present study, fennel extracted was divided into different concentrations. Concentrations including 25, 50 and 75 µg /ml were added to the culture medium. In addition, a control sample was used to confirm the results. Parameters of mating latency and copulation duration, was measured by coronometr instrument. Fecundity and fertility also were count by Loop on the medium. The flies were studied for two months.Results: In this study, concentration of 25,50,75 µg/ ml and control group was used. The results showed concentration of 75µg/ml was significant decreasing mating latency and increasing copulation duration, fecundity and fertility parameters were showed. Moreover were confirmed lactobacilus brevis by PCR technique In addition using qRT-PCR technique and confirmed higher expression in 16srDNA when used 75µg/ml concentration.Conclusion: According to the present study, the higher fennel extracted has been effective on gene expression in probiotics and also on the reproductive performance of flies showed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Effect of Drought Stress and Application of Salicylic Acid on Yield and Yield Components, Photosynthetic Pigments and Compatibility Metabolites of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) under Sistan Climatic Conditions
Barat Ali Fakheri forouzan heidari Nafiseh Mahdi Nejad Iman Shahrokhi Sardoui The use of salicylic acid in the nutrition of medicinal plants under moisture stress conditions has a considerable role in reducing the effects of water stress and improving plant yield. To this purpose, a factorial split plot experiment with three replications More The use of salicylic acid in the nutrition of medicinal plants under moisture stress conditions has a considerable role in reducing the effects of water stress and improving plant yield. To this purpose, a factorial split plot experiment with three replications based on randomized complete block design was conducted at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Iran during 2013-2014 cropping years. Drought stress consisted of three levels (irrigation at 90, normal, 60 and 40 percent of field capacity) as main factor, and salicylic acid spraying wiyh three levels (0, control, 2.5 and 5 mM) and three cultivars (Isfahan, Hamedan and Nahavand) minor factors, respectively. The investigasted traits were plant height, number of umbels per plant, number of umbellate per umbel, number of seeds per umbellate, root length, number of lateral branches, stem diameter, fresh weight of plant, grain and final plant yield, 1000 seed weight, chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, anthocyanins, soluble sugars and proline. The results showed that drought stress decreased the traits under study. Salicylic acid spray caused an increase in some parameters such as the final height of the stem, the number of umbels, number of seeds per umbellate, root length, fresh weight of plant, seed and plant yield, chlorophyll a, b, soluble sugars and proline. Given the results of trilateral interaction effects, the greatest yield of grain was obtained from 5 mM spraying and Isfahan cultivar under irrigation conditions of 90% of the field capacity. Considering trilateral effects, the best cultivar in terms of grain yield was Isfahan cultivar with 5 mM spraying under complete irrigation conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Path Analysis for Grain Yield on Populations of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare M.) under Normal and Water Deficit Stress Conditions
Milad Ghasemi S. Aharizad Majid Norouzi Ali Bandehagh Roghayeh AzhdariSince the global approach to herbal medicine and chemical away from drugs, more attention to medicinal plants, is required. Fennel with variety of secondary metabolites in the treatment of flatulence, cough, digestive disorders and increases milk, used as one of the imp MoreSince the global approach to herbal medicine and chemical away from drugs, more attention to medicinal plants, is required. Fennel with variety of secondary metabolites in the treatment of flatulence, cough, digestive disorders and increases milk, used as one of the important medicinal plants. Drought stress is one of the most important non-polluting environmental stresses affecting crop production. To study the direct and indirect effects of evaluated traits on grain yield of fennel, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design in two control and limited irrigation conditions separately with three replications on 19 fennel populations in the Agricultural Research Station, University of Tabriz. Combined analysis of variance revealed a significant differences between two irrigation conditions and evaluated populations at %1 probability level for some studied traits. As well as the population × conditions interaction effect was significant at 1% probability level for most traits. Correlations of grain yield with number of umbel in plant, plant height, internode number and biomass were significant positively in both irrigation conditions. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the number of grain per umbel and the number of umbel per plant, have the greatest impact on grain yield under optimum irrigation (R2=0.88). Also in the water deficit condition, number of umbels per plant and plant height had the greatest impact on grain yield (R2=0.60). Path analysis revealed that the number of umbel per plant had greatest direct effect on grain yield under control (0.90) and stress (0.53) condition respectively. Whereas the indirect effects were very inconsiderable in both conditions, therefore it is suggested that to selection of superlative populations for grain yield, the number of umbel per plant should be considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Effect of Foeniculum vulgare seed essential oil on the Staphylococcus aureus in minced Cyprinus carpio
S. Bahrami E. Alizadeh Doughikollaee M. Shahriari moghadamAntimicrobial properties of medicinal plants essential oil increased its application as a natural preservative in foods. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Foeniculum­ vulgare seed essential oil on the quality of minced Cyprinus carpio inoculated MoreAntimicrobial properties of medicinal plants essential oil increased its application as a natural preservative in foods. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Foeniculum­ vulgare seed essential oil on the quality of minced Cyprinus carpio inoculated (103 CFU/g) with Staphylococcus aureus during refrigerated (4˚C) storage. The essential oil was extracted using Clevenger apparatus with water distillation method and concentrations of 4, 6 and 8 µl/g were added to the Cyprinus carpiomeat inoculated with S. aureus. Microbial [S. aureus count, total viable count (TVC) and psychrophilic bacteria count (PTC)], chemical parameters [pH, Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and Total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N)] were measured at 24, 72, 144, 216 and 218 hours. According to the results, in control samples the number of S. aureus increased during the storage period; however, S. aureus population in the sample groups treated with different concentrations of essential oil was decreased. The lowest count of TVC and PTC were observed in the mince containing 8 µl/g of essential oil. Significant differences (p>0.05) were observed between the pH value of control and treatments. The TBA and TVB-N values of treatments increased during storage but it was lower in essential-containing samples.The fillets containing 6 µl/g of essential oil had a better sensory quality.It was concluded that F.­ vulgare seed essential oil have antioxidant and antibacterial properties and increased the shelf life of minced C. carpio during refrigerated storage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - اثر تیمارهای بیولوژیکی بذر بر مقاومت گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare L) به تنش عنصر سنگین مس در مرحله جوانهزنی و گیاهچهای
معصومه علیزاده فروتن همت اله پیردشتی یاسر یعقوبیان -
Open Access Article
13 - بررسی تاثیر پرایمینگ بذر در شرایط تنش شوری بر مؤلفهها جوانه زنی و رشد رویشی گیاهچه رازیانه(Foeniculum vulgar)
سوده نظریان سعید بختیاری رضا مجیدزاده هروی -
Open Access Article
14 - ارزیابی تأثیر پرایمینگ بذر با استیل سالسیلیک اسید (ASA) بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgaer L.) در سطوح مختلف شوری
مهدی عقیقی شاهوردی حشمت امیدی سعید راستی -
Open Access Article
15 - ارزیابی خصوصیات جوانهزنی و دماهای کاردینال گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgar)
فاطمه رنجبر علیرضا کوچکی مهدی نصیری محلاتی نفیسه کمایستانی -
Open Access Article
16 - Response of genotypes of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. to salicylic acid priming under salinity stress
Sanaz Adalatzadeh-Aghdam Mahmoud Toorchi Mahmoud ZareiThe current study agreenhouse research was designed to evaluate the reaction of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) genotypes to salt stress (NaCl salinity) and Salicylic acid, to study of the proteome profile of leaves for identifying molecular pathway involved in salt s MoreThe current study agreenhouse research was designed to evaluate the reaction of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) genotypes to salt stress (NaCl salinity) and Salicylic acid, to study of the proteome profile of leaves for identifying molecular pathway involved in salt stress tolerance. The study was designed as factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design in three replications. Treatments are included NaCl solutions at three levels (0, 100, 200 mM) as salinity stress, Salicylic acid at two levels (0, 0/5 mM) and five genotypes. Agronomic and physiochemical traits were included: fresh and dry weight of ariel plant and roots, plant height, root length, fresh and dry weight of total plant, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids, total chlorophyll, Na+ and K+ content, K+/Na+ ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Total soluble carbohydrate (TSC) of leaves. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences for main and interaction effects in examined traits. German and Moghan genotypes were expressed as the most tolerant and sensitive genotypes based on Arunachalam method, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Phytotoxicity Effect of Fennel Essential Oil on Germination and Growth Characteristics of Common Mallow and White Goosefoot
Sayed Amir Hamzeh Bahari Meymandi Omid Alizadeh shahram sharafzadeh Forud Bazrafshan Bahram AmiriContinued use of herbicides has increased the resistance of weeds to them and also reduced the quality of soil and groundwater. Due to the herbicidal properties of plant essential oils, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fennel essential oil on seed MoreContinued use of herbicides has increased the resistance of weeds to them and also reduced the quality of soil and groundwater. Due to the herbicidal properties of plant essential oils, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fennel essential oil on seed germination and seedling growth of common mallow and white goosefoot in laboratory conditions, which was performed as a factorial in a completely randomized design in the research laboratory of the Cooperative Foundation of Rudan city, Hormozgan province, in 2016 . The essential oils were extracted from Fennel seeds by hydrodistillation by using a clevenger apparatus and were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The results showed that the highest percentages of seeds essential oil components were related to e-anethole (66.92%), methyl chavicol (14.54%), fenchone (7.01%) and limonene (6.84%), respectively. Weed seeds after disinfection with sodium hypochlorite and then drying, exposed to concentrations of 0 (distilled water), 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 μl/l of fennel essential oil in suitable light conditions at 25 °C. Based on the results the Fennel essential oil reduced the percentage and speed of seed germination, root and shoot length of common mallow and white goosefoot. With increasing the concentration of essential oil, the percentage and speed of seed germination also decreased significantly. In general, the response of the studied weeds to fennel essential oil was different; In a way, the common mallow was more sensitive to white goosefoot. The greatest inhibitory effect on the germination of common mallow and white goosefoot seeds was related to the concentration of 1000 μl/l of essential oil, so that in the case of common mallow, germination stopped completely. Allelopathy index at a concentration of 1000 μl/l fennel essential oil for common mallow and white goosefoot was -1 and -0.83, respectively.According to the results, the use of 1000 μl/l fennel essential oil is recommended to control common mallow and white goosefoot. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - اثر تیمارهای بیولوژیکی بذر بر مقاومت گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare L) به تنش عنصر سنگین مس در مرحله جوانهزنی و گیاهچهای
معصومه علیزاده فروتن همت اله پیردشتی یاسر یعقوبیان -
Open Access Article
19 - بررسی تاثیر پرایمینگ بذر در شرایط تنش شوری بر مؤلفهها جوانه زنی و رشد رویشی گیاهچه رازیانه(Foeniculum vulgar)
سوده نظریان سعید بختیاری رضا مجیدزاده هروی -
Open Access Article
20 - ارزیابی تأثیر پرایمینگ بذر با استیل سالسیلیک اسید (ASA) بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgaer L.) در سطوح مختلف شوری
مهدی عقیقی شاهوردی حشمت امیدی سعید راستی -
Open Access Article
21 - ارزیابی خصوصیات جوانهزنی و دماهای کاردینال گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgar)
فاطمه رنجبر علیرضا کوچکی مهدی نصیری محلاتی نفیسه کمایستانی -
Open Access Article
22 - Study of antibacterial effects of barberry root (Berberis vulgaris) and fennel seed (Foeniculum vulgare) extracts individually and combined with nisin and sodium diacetate on Yersinia enterocolitica
Maryam Ekhtelat Reyhaneh Mohammadi Didargahi Forough Namjoyan Abdolghani AmeriDue to the synthetic and chemical nature of antibiotics and the phenomenon of body resistance against them, using herbal compounds to cure infections and diseases are being noticed a lot, today. In this study, extracting the herbs was done by soaking in 80% ethanol. Ber MoreDue to the synthetic and chemical nature of antibiotics and the phenomenon of body resistance against them, using herbal compounds to cure infections and diseases are being noticed a lot, today. In this study, extracting the herbs was done by soaking in 80% ethanol. Berberis Vulgaris (Barberry root)by HPTLC and Foeniculum vulgare (F. vulgare). Mill (Fennel seed)by GC/MS methods were analyzed. Disk diffusion and micro dilution methods were used to detection of the antibacterial effect in triplicate. Minimal of inhibitory concentration (MIC) between the antibacterial effects of Berberis vulgaris (B. vulgaris) and F. vulgare Mill extracts individually and combined with nisin and sodium diacetate showed a significant difference against Yersinia enterocolitica. Among the studied factors, nisin had the most antibacterial effect and followed by the extract of B. vulgaris and F. vulgare Mill respectively. The antibacterial effect of sodium diacetate against Y. enterocolitica was the lowest. These results were almost consistent with those achieved by disk diffusion method. Our results indicated that MIC of sodium diacetate and nisin combined with the extracts of B. vulgaris and F. vulgare mill had a remarkable decrease compared to each one's effect individually (P<0.05). Results were similar about minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), which showed simultaneous usage of sodium diacetate with these extracts can decrease the use of sodium diacetate a lonely and its complications. Moreover, combined consumption of extracts with nisin decreases the use of the extracts and the resultant organoleptic changes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - ارزیابی فعالیت ضدباکتریایی عصاره بخش های مختلف گیاه رازیانه
آذین غفاری زاده سید منصور سیدنژاد حسین معتمدی فاطمه شهبازیمقدمه و هدف: رازیانه یک گیاه دارویی و آروماتیک است. آزمایشهای مختلف پزشکی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و در شرایط زنده به طور متقاعدکنندهای توانایی ضد قارچی ، ضد باکتریایی، آنتی اکسیدانی، ضدترومبوز و فعالیت محافظتی در کبد را نشان داده است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی فعالیت ضد باک Moreمقدمه و هدف: رازیانه یک گیاه دارویی و آروماتیک است. آزمایشهای مختلف پزشکی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و در شرایط زنده به طور متقاعدکنندهای توانایی ضد قارچی ، ضد باکتریایی، آنتی اکسیدانی، ضدترومبوز و فعالیت محافظتی در کبد را نشان داده است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی فعالیت ضد باکتریایی عصاره های رازیانه بر روی باکتریهای بیماری-زا است. روش تحقیق: به این منظور عصارههای اتانولی، متانولی و استونی (از طریق روش خیساندن) بر روی بخشهای مختلف رازیانه (گل، برگ و میوه) آماده شد و فعالیت آنها بر روی برخی گونههای باکتریایی گرم مثبت (استافیلوکوکوس آرئوس، باسیلوس سرئوس) و گرم منفی (سودوموناس آئروژینوزا، اشرشیاکلای) از طریق روش استاندارد دیسک دیفوژن امتحان شدند. نتایج: یافتهها نشان میدهند که حساسترین باکتری نسبت به عصاره استافیلوکوکوس آرئوس و مقاومترین باکتری سودوموناس آئروژینوزا میباشد. نتایج نشان میدهد که در مورد گل رازیانه عصاره متانولی و استونی به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین خاصیت ضد باکتریایی را دارند و عصاره اتانولی برگ رازیانه بیشترین خاصیت ضد باکتریایی را دارا هستند و در مورد میوه رازیانه عصاره متانولی و استونی به ترتیب حداکثر و حداقل فعالیت ضد باکتریایی را دارد. در کل نتیجه این مطالعه نشان میدهد که عصاره گل رازیانه نسبت به بقیه اجزا رازیانه خصوصیات ضد باکتریایی بیشتری دارد.توصیههای کاربردی/ صنعتی: مکانیسم عمل رازیانه به علت حضور ترکیبات فنولی و ترپنوئیدی است. این ترکیبات به طور بالقوه بر روی نفوذپذیری غشای باکتریها اثر میگذارد و در نتیجه باعث مرگ سلول میشود. بنابراین عصاره رازیانه میتواند برای کنترل باکتریهای مقاوم به چندین آنتیبیوتیک مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - بررسی ترکیبات شیمیایی و تاثیرات عصاره گیاهان دارویی خارمریم (Silybum marianum) و رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare) بر برخی عوامل عفونتهای بیمارستانی و رده سلول سرطانی کبد (HepG2) به روش MTT
فرشته سلمانی هاشم یعقوبیمقدمه و هدف: افزایش مقاومت دارویی و توجه بیشتر به خطرات عوارض جانبی داروهای صناعی باعث شده است که تحقیقات گسترده ای بر روی منابع گیاهی دارویی انجام شود. هدف از انجام این مطالعه تعیین ترکیبات شیمیایی عصاره گیاهان دارویی خار مریم (Silybum marianum) و رازیانه (Foeniculum v Moreمقدمه و هدف: افزایش مقاومت دارویی و توجه بیشتر به خطرات عوارض جانبی داروهای صناعی باعث شده است که تحقیقات گسترده ای بر روی منابع گیاهی دارویی انجام شود. هدف از انجام این مطالعه تعیین ترکیبات شیمیایی عصاره گیاهان دارویی خار مریم (Silybum marianum) و رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare) بومی اردبیل و بررسی اثر ضد سرطان آنها بر روی رده سلولی سرطان کبد HepG2 و اثرات ضد باکتریایی آنها بر روی استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس و سودوموناس آئروژینوزا جهت ارائه یک راه حل برای کنترل یا درمان بود.روش تحقیق: ترکیبات شیمیایی عصاره های به دست آمده از طریق دستگاه سوکسیله توسط سیستم GC/MS انجام گرفت. اثر ضد سرطانی با روش MTT و فعالیت های ضد میکروبی با استفاده از روش انتشار دیسک مورد سنجش قرار گرفتند و همچنین مقادیر MIC و MBC بر اساس روش رقت در لوله برآورد گردید.نتایج و بحث: عصاره خارمریم با 29 ترکیب و عمدتا شامل 63/2% Nonane، 68/4% Camphor، 84/2% Borneol، 65/3% Trans-anethole، 78/8% Viridiflorol، 26/34% α–Selinene، 34/2% Longiborn-9-ene، 52/2% amorphane-B، 00/5% Erucylamide، 15/10% o-Terphenyl و 8/46% α-androst-8-ene بود، عصاره رازیانه با 14 ترکیب و عمدتا شامل 53/5 درصد Fenchone، 53/5% α- Thujone، 84/2% Nonane، 10/79% trans-Anethol و 51/2 درصد Hentriacontane بود. اثرات عصاره رازیانه بر روی استافیلوکوکوس و عصاره خارمریم بر روی سودوموناس قابل توجه بود. در طرح ترکیبی، تاثیر خاصی مشاهده نشد. مقادیر MIC و MBC نتایج حاصل از تست حساسیت را تایید کردند. اثرات سیتوتوکسیک عصارهها بر رده سلول سرطانی کبد در غلظت 25 µg/ml بعد از 48 ساعت اپتیمم بود.توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: با توجه به نتایج، این ترکیبات میتوانند جایگزین مناسبی برای مواد نگهدارنده شیمیایی در صنایع غذایی و صنایع دارویی باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - تاثیر سطوح مختلف عصاره رازیانه بر عملکرد، جوجهدرآوری و ایمنی در مرغهای مادر گوشتی پس از تولکبری
م. کاظمی فرد ح. کرمانشاهی م. رضایی ا. گلیانبه منظور بررسی تاثیر سطوح مختلف عصاره رازیانه و ویتامین D3بر عملکرد، جوجهدرآوری و خصوصیات کیفی جوجه با 360 مرغ مادر گوشتی راس 308 پس از تولک در 9 تیمار و 4 تکرار به مدت 8 هفته در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به صورت آرایش فاکتوریل 3 × 3 شامل 3 سطح عصاره رازیانه ( Moreبه منظور بررسی تاثیر سطوح مختلف عصاره رازیانه و ویتامین D3بر عملکرد، جوجهدرآوری و خصوصیات کیفی جوجه با 360 مرغ مادر گوشتی راس 308 پس از تولک در 9 تیمار و 4 تکرار به مدت 8 هفته در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به صورت آرایش فاکتوریل 3 × 3 شامل 3 سطح عصاره رازیانه (0،50 و100 میلیگرم/ درکیلوگرم جیره) و 3 سطح ویتامین D3 (0، 3500 و 4200 واحد بینالملل/ درکیلوگرم جیره) از هفته 76 تا 84 آزمایش انجام شد. پرندهها ده هفته بعد از تولک (74 هفتگی) وزن و بهطور تصادفی در 36 قفس آزمایشی بهطوری که میانگین وزنی آنها نزدیک به هم بود توزین شدند. هر قفس شامل 10 مرغ و یک خروس بود. پرندهها از هفته 74 جیرههای آزمایشی را دریافت کردند. صفات عملکردی، روزانه، و صفات مربوط به کیفیت پوسته، هر 4 هفته یک بار ثبت و اندازهگیری شد. به منظور بررسی جوجهدرآوری، تخممرغهای قابل ارسال به جوجهکشی و جوجهدرآوری تخممرغهای بارور، جوجهدرآوری واقعی، تلفات جنینی، کیفیت جوجه، جنسیت جوجه، وزن جوجه، و راندمان تبدیل تخم به جوجه، سه بار و هر بار به مدت یک هفته تخممرغها جمعآوری و در ماشین جوجهکشی صنعتی به مدت 21 روز قرار گرفتند. به منظور اندازهگیری تیتر آنتیبادی آنفولانزا و نیوکاسل، 2 پرنده از هر واحد آزمایشی یک هفته درمیان خونگیری شدند. اضافه کردن عصاره رازیانه بهطور معنیداری تولید تخممرغ و کیفیت جوجه را افزایش داد. همچنین باعث بهبود تیتر آنتیبادی نیوکاسل در طول زمان شد (022/0P<). علاوه بر این، افزودن عصاره رازیانه به جیره به طور معنیداری از تخممرغهای کبوتری کاست (001/0P<). رنگ زرده تحت تاثیر افزودن ویتامین D3 در طول دوره آزمایش قرار گرفت. اثر متقابل عصاره رازیانه و ویتامین D3 بر تلفات جنینی معنیدار بود. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که اضافه کردن عصاره رازیانه به جیره باعث افزایش تولید، کیفیت جوجه، تیر آنتیبادی نیوکاسل و کاهش تخممرغهای دوزرده، و تخمکبوتری شد. افزایش ویتامین D3 به جیره باعث بهبود رنگ زرده تخممرغ بدون هیچ اثر منفی بر صفات عملکردی شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Effect of Magnitude water, Nitrogen and Nano Nitrogen Fertilizers on Germination of Seeds and Growth Factors on Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
Azade Malekloo Maryam Peyvandi Ahmad MajdTo replace fertilizers from nanotechnology with chemical fertilizers much effort is being made. Fennel is a medicinal plant which has a special place in the pharmacy and food industry. In this study, the effect of magnetized water, nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers MoreTo replace fertilizers from nanotechnology with chemical fertilizers much effort is being made. Fennel is a medicinal plant which has a special place in the pharmacy and food industry. In this study, the effect of magnetized water, nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers on germination of seeds and growth parameters of fennel was studied. Determination of germination percentage showed in both types of irrigation, using nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers significantly reduce the percentage of germination. Maximum germination percentage was obtained in irrigation with plumbing water or magnetized water without using nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers. The highest average number of shoots per plant was obtained in the treatment of magnetized water alone or treatment with plumbing water together with nitrogen fertilizer. The results showed that in both types of irrigation, nano-nitrogen significantly reduces the number of shoots. But it increases the stem's length. Irrigation with magnetized water along with nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers resulted in a significant increase in the average number of leaves. The results showed although the treatment of plants with magnetized water and nano-nitrogen significantly decreases the shoots numbers but it has a significant effect on stem growth and leaves number. GC-MS analysis of essential oils of petals indicated that the four main compositions in all treatments were limonen, fenchone estragole, and anethol in all treated plants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The effect of hydropriming on germination and vegetative traits of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) under salinity stress conditions
khadijeh abbaszadeh mehdi sheykhpour farzin Abdolahi gholamReza sharifi- sirchiAbstract Priming is one of the seed enhancement methods that under stress conditions, such as salinity, temperature and drought, may result in increased seed performance (germination and emergence). This study was performed to evaluate the effects of priming on seed MoreAbstract Priming is one of the seed enhancement methods that under stress conditions, such as salinity, temperature and drought, may result in increased seed performance (germination and emergence). This study was performed to evaluate the effects of priming on seed germination, seedling emergence and establishment and yield performance of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) landrace from Shiraz under salinity stress at laboratory and field conditions. This study was conducted as a factorial with three replicates in a completely randomized design in the laboratory and complete randomized block design in the field. Treatments included combinations of three levels of hydropriming time (0, 12 and 24h) and four levels of salinity (0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 ds/m) for field study with three replications. Results indicated that with increase in the stress levels, germination traits such as germination percent and rate, root and seedling length and dry weight, significantly decreased, while this decrease in primed seeds was less. In the field, seedling emergence rate and percentage, plant height, biological yield, weight of 1000 seeds and grain yield were significantly increased by hydropriming. Hydropriming treatment reduced the negative effects of salt stress on the fennel seeds and plants, so that in all traits, maximum improving effects was observed with 24h of hydropriming and this treatment significantly decreased the effects of salt stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - بررسی اثر عصاره گیاه رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare) بر رشد و رسیدگی اووسیت ها در ماهی ماده گورامی سه خال (Trichogaster trichopterus)
طاهره ناجی همایون حسین زاده صحافی تینا سمائی پریسا امانی نژاد -
Open Access Article
29 - Effects of fertilizer source on Macro and Micro-nutrients concentration under intercropping ratios of fennel and Sainfoin
Habibollah Yousefyan Ghahfarokhi Mohammad Ali Esmaeili Abdolrazagh Danesh Shahraki Mehdi Ghajar SepanluIn order to investigate the effects of fertilizer sources and intercropping ratio on elements concentration in forage of fennel and sainfoin plants, a split plot experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with three replications at Shahrekord Universit MoreIn order to investigate the effects of fertilizer sources and intercropping ratio on elements concentration in forage of fennel and sainfoin plants, a split plot experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with three replications at Shahrekord University research farm during the 2015 and 2016. Five fertilizer sources (manure fertilizer 100%, chemical 25%+ manure 75%, chemical 50%+ manure 50%, chemical 75%+ manure 25%, chemical fertilizer 100%), and sole cropping of fennel (F), and sole cropping of sainfoin (S), and three intercropping ratio (include fennel 75%+ sainfoin25%, fennel 50%+ sainfoin 50% and fennel 25%+ sainfoin 75%) were also considered. The results showed that the highest nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and iron, manganese and copper concentrations were related to the chemical fertilizer in both fennel and sainfoin plants. The highest potassium concentration of fennel in both years was related to chemical fertilizer with 31.4 mg g-1 in 25% fennel + 75% of sainfoin, and increased by15% in the first year and 10% in the second year as compared to 100% manure fertilizer treatment. Also, the highest nitrogen concentration of sainfoin in the first and second years was related to the monocropping of sainfoin under chemical fertilizer with 38.5 and 39.9 mg g-1, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the chemical fertilizer alone or the combination of manure with chemical fertilizer due to the gradual mineralization of the elements, access to and more of the elements required by the plant in monocropping and intercropping can be play an important role in the absorption and nutrition concentration of plant and increase yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Effects of Aqueous Extract of Vitex agnus castus and Foeniculum vulgare on HPG axis and Spermatogenesis of Male NMRI Rat
معصومه پیرسلوارانی عبدالحسین شیروی میترا حیدری نصرآبادیVitex-agnus castusandamp; Foeniculum vulgare is without doubt the most important herb used by natural therapists for the treatment of female hormone problems. But there isnandrsquo;t any report about the effect of thisVitex-agnus castus aqueous extract and A. Putting to MoreVitex-agnus castusandamp; Foeniculum vulgare is without doubt the most important herb used by natural therapists for the treatment of female hormone problems. But there isnandrsquo;t any report about the effect of thisVitex-agnus castus aqueous extract and A. Putting together Vitex-agnus castus and Foeniculum vulgare on serum LH, FSH,Testosteron in male. This project investigates the effects of Vitex-agnus castus and Foeniculum vulgare administration on serum Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Testosterone levels in male NMRI mice. This is an experimental study in which adult male mice were chosen and divided into two groups: control and experimental. The experimental group divided into five groups. Any groups were including eight mice. Animals were daily injected ( i.p.) with 100, 200 mg/kg of foeniculum vulgare aqueous extract and 300, 400 of Vitex agnus aqueous extract and 600 mg/kg of A. putting together Vitex agnus and Foeniculum vulgare aqueous extract for sixteen consecutive days. Then the animals were weighed and eventually, anesthesia by ketamin and xylozine, blood sample were collected from heart, 2 weeks after the last injection. Animalsand#39; blood Serum levels of LH, FSH and testosterone were measured by RIA method. The caudal part of the right epididymis was used for sperm couting. After macroscopic investigation (weight, diameter and volume of testis) tissues were fixed in formalin 10% fixative. Tissues were cut at 5 andmicro;m, stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (Handamp; E). Ccollected data was analyzed by the SPSS software by using one-way ANOVAand Tukey. No significant differences in body weight, volume, weight and diameter of testis was seen. The effects of Vitex-agnus castus aqueous extract andamp; Foeniculum vulgare aqueous extract, to cause decrease serum Testostern, LH and FSH release compand to controls. Result of sperm count, showed a significant decreasing in 300, 400 doses and compose doses 600 of Vitex and Foeniculum.Vitex-agnus castus andamp;Foeniculum vulgare contains essential fatty acids and estrogenic compound. The results suggest that its extracts may act through the hypothalamo-hypophysel-gonadal axis or direct effect on pituitary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The Effects of Vitex Agnus Castus and Foeniculum volgare Alcholic Extract on HPG Axis and Spermatogenesis of NMRI Mice
راحله فاضلی عبدالحسین شیرویVitex agnus castusand Foeniculum volgare are phytoestrogeic herbs native to the Middle East and southern Europe. They have clinical usage in so many countries. In this research, the effects of Vitex agnus castus fruit extract and Foeniculum volgare seed extract were inv MoreVitex agnus castusand Foeniculum volgare are phytoestrogeic herbs native to the Middle East and southern Europe. They have clinical usage in so many countries. In this research, the effects of Vitex agnus castus fruit extract and Foeniculum volgare seed extract were investigated on spermatogenesis and Testosterone, LH and FSH Hormon of male NMRI mice.This is an experimental study in which adult male mice were chosen and divided into 3 groups: control, vehicle, and experimental. Animals were daily injected (i.p.) with 100 , 200 mg/kg of Foeniculum volgare seed extract and 200 , 300 mg/kg of Vitex agnus castus and synthetic dos of Vitex agnus castus (300) + Foeniculum volgare (200) for 15 consecutive days. Then the animals were weighed and eventually killed. 2 weeks after the last injection.Testosterone and LH, FSH serum hormone of animal was assayed .The caudal part of the epididymis was used for sperm counting. After macroscopic investigation (weight, diameter and volume of Testes and weight of epididymis) tissues were fixed in Buinand#39;s fixative. Tissues were cut at 5 andmu;m, stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (Handamp; E).Collected data was analyzed by the SPSS software by using one-way ANOVA. No significant differences in volume, weight and diameter of testes and weight of epididymis was seen. Significant reduction in LH, FSH and Testosterone hormon in all of experimental group was seen. Light microscopic studies showed a significant reductionin in number of germinal cells and several holes that were found scattered in the tubules and Testis also showed a general disarrangement in various germinal elements of seminiferous tubules in doses of 200 , 300 vitex agnus castus and synthetic dose. Result of sperms count indicated a significant decreasing of spermatozoa in all of experimental groups. Vitex agnus castus and Foeniculum volgare contains essential oils, iridoid, glycosides, flavonoids diterpenes, and essential fatty acids. The results suggest that its contraceptive effects is related to its flavonoids and essential fatty acids but further studies is needed to focus on the pharmacokinetics of this plants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Interaction of Antinociceptive Intraperitoneal Injection of Extract of Foeniculum vulgare Fruit and Morphine in Mice
غلامحسن واعظی محدثه عموزاد خلیلی کیوان کرامتیMorphine for years as an analgesic drug is used, but given that the repeated administration of morphine is associated with dependence and tolerance, recent studies try is to administration of aqueous extract of fennel, along with its analgesic effect of morphine and the MoreMorphine for years as an analgesic drug is used, but given that the repeated administration of morphine is associated with dependence and tolerance, recent studies try is to administration of aqueous extract of fennel, along with its analgesic effect of morphine and the strengthening of reduce its consumption.This experimental study performed on 80 male mice (28andplusmn;3g). Animals were grouped randomly in to control, positive control and receivers of Foeniculum vulgareextract. Control group and positive control group received normal saline 0.9% and indomethacin (5mg/kg, i.p.), respectively. Treatments groups were injected with doses, (100 mg/kg, i.p.), (200 mg/kg, i.p.) and (400 mg/kg, i.p.) of aqeous extract of Foeniculum vulgare. Animals were injected with acetic acid 0.6% (10ml/kg) for iducing of visceral pain, 30 minutes after of each intraperitoneal administration. Antinociceptive effect was recorded by counting the number of writhes immediately after injection of acetic acid during 30 minutes. In following treatments interaction of morphine in the antinociceptive effects of Foeniculum vulgare extract were studied with treatment ofmorphine (2mg/kg, i.p.) 15 minute after the administration of the extract in writhing test.this study showed that aqueous extract of F. vulgareat 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg and indomethacin (5mg/kg) induced a significant reduction in pain response compared to the control group (pandlt;0.001). morphine (2mg/kg, i.p.) also coused antinociception and the concurrent use of F. vulgareand morphine produced more remarkable antinociception compared to their individual usages (pandlt;0.001).Foeniculum vulgare andmorphine also showed synergistic drug interaction for antinociception in the writhing test. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Stady of IP injection of "FoeniculumVulgare mill " seed aqua extract on Spermatogenesis and Histologic changes of Testis in male Wistar rats
طاهره رضایی آهوانویی عبدالحسین شیروی کیوان کرامتیIn recent years, different methods have been employed to prevent pregnancy with ultimate aim of controlling human population. Treatment of some disease by alternative medicine as opposed to the traditional medicine associated with unwanted side effects has been found he MoreIn recent years, different methods have been employed to prevent pregnancy with ultimate aim of controlling human population. Treatment of some disease by alternative medicine as opposed to the traditional medicine associated with unwanted side effects has been found helpful. Use of FoeniculumVulgare mill has been identified as tranquilizer, anti spasm, elimination of digestive difficulties and reduction of maleandrsquo;s sexual hormones. Therefore, this investigation was mainly conducted to measure the possible effect of this Herbaland#39;s extract on maleand#39;s hormones production.In this research, several rates were divided into four experimental groups and one control group. Experimental groups were injected with 35, 70, 140 and 280 mg/Kg of this herbal extract and the control group received only salin. The results showed that there is no meaningful differences between experimental groups and control group in testis weight , testis volum, epididim and vasadeferens duct weight and no differences was observed between experimental groups and control group in number of spermatogonia and spermatocyte. On the contrary , There is a decreas significantly in number of spermatid and sperm in experimental groups that had received 140 and 280 mg/ Kg doses . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The effect of the "FoeniculumVulgare" seed extract on Gonadothropic Hormones and Testosterone in male Rats
طاهره رضایی آهوانویی عبدالحسین شیروی کیوان کرامتیIn recent years, different methods have been employed to prevent pregnancy with ultimate aim of controlling human population. Treatment of some disease by alternative medicine as opposed to the traditional medicine associated with unwanted side effects has been found he MoreIn recent years, different methods have been employed to prevent pregnancy with ultimate aim of controlling human population. Treatment of some disease by alternative medicine as opposed to the traditional medicine associated with unwanted side effects has been found helpful. Use of FoeniculumVulgare has been identified as tranquilizer, anti spasm, elimination of digestive difficulties and reduction of maleandrsquo;s sexual hormones. Therefore, this investigation was mainly conducted to measure the possible effect of this Herbaland#39;s extract on maleand#39;s hormones production. In this research, several rates were divided into four experimental groups and one control group. Experimental groups were injected with 35, 70, 140 and 280 mg/Kg of this herbal extract and the control group received only saline. The results showed that the testosterone and LH level in experimental groups from dosages of 35 to 280 mg/Kg had meaningful decrease differences not only in first but also in second week. On the contrary, no difference was observed between the experimental group with 35 doses and the control group. The result showed that the meaningful differences also existed in the FSH hormone level between experimental group with 280 mg/Kg and the others groups just in second week. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Effect of hydro extract of fennel on prolactine and lactation in female Rat (wistar)
مهناز سیاهی عبدالحسین شیروی میترا حیدری نصرآبادیThe importance of child care after birth and feeding them canandrsquo;t be stressed anymore. Meanwhile the process of lactation is the most crucial aspect of child feeding. In contrast the lack of healthy and enough food to the child is so vital which needs to be consid MoreThe importance of child care after birth and feeding them canandrsquo;t be stressed anymore. Meanwhile the process of lactation is the most crucial aspect of child feeding. In contrast the lack of healthy and enough food to the child is so vital which needs to be considered. There are so many remedies needed to improve and increase the lactation of mothers. Usually eliminating this deficiency has done through the use of chemical medicine. Side effects resulting from the use of these medicines have led us to use herbal medicines instead. Fennel for example is one of them. We have used in this study 75 mature female rats which are 2 to 3 month old and their proximate weights are (180-200). These rats divided into four experimental and one control group. The experimental groups have respectively received 35, 70,140 and 280 micro liters of the hydro extract of Fennel in the time periods of 5, 10 and 15 days. At the same time, control group have received physiologic serum in the form of IP. During the test, after 5, 10 and 15 days, the animals had a blood test in order to have their hormone measured and to determine the rate of Prolactine hormone. During the test, children have weighed daily in given times. Finally, the effects of fennel on lactation have measured through two options. 1. Motherandrsquo;s Prolactine hormone changes. 2. Childrenandrsquo;s weight changes. Tukey, Dunnett tests have used in order to review the statistical results. The differences between values in the level of (pandlt;0.05) and for the Dunnet test (pandlt;0.025) have been shown. Finally hydro extract of fennel didnandrsquo;t have significant effect on lactation in female Rat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The effect of intraperitoneal injection of alcoholic extract Foeniculum vulgare seed on gonadotropic and testosterone hormones in male wistar rats
سیده فهیمه میرسید عبدالحسین شیروی میترا حیدری نصرآبادیAlways population increase is assumed one the main problems of societies and population control with chemical drugs is one of the most human concern.Side effects of use this drugs drives human to use of vegetable drugs. Foeniculum vulgare is one of them witch this curre MoreAlways population increase is assumed one the main problems of societies and population control with chemical drugs is one of the most human concern.Side effects of use this drugs drives human to use of vegetable drugs. Foeniculum vulgare is one of them witch this current study addressed to survey the effect of its seed alcoholic extract on gonadotropin hormones changes. In this study is used the male rat of wistar race 2-3 month aged (with the approximated weight of 190andplusmn;10 gr). Animal was classified to four experimental group and one control groups. Four experimental group for 15 days was received the doses of 35,70,140,280 mg/kg of fennel seed alcoholic extract. At this time was inject the physiology serum to control group intraperitonealy(IP). During experimental take place blood sampling from animals in 7 and 15 to asses the hormone and the testosterone hormone such as LH, FSH was evaluated with considering to results the level of LH, FSH in case group in first week has significant difference to control group at sometime and decreasing trend in dose of 35 to 280 mg/kg. Furthermore the levels of these hormones in second week at case groups show the significant difference with decreasing trend. This is Warthy to say that the level of testosterone hormone has significant difference only between first and second week. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Synthesized Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Foeniculum vulgare Essential Oil
Mohammad Sharifalhoseini Ali Es-haghi Gholamhasan Vaezi Hooman ShajieeAngiogenesis is a physiological process that involves the formation of new blood vessels, contributing to the development and progression of various diseases, including metastatic cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions. Vascular endothelial growth MoreAngiogenesis is a physiological process that involves the formation of new blood vessels, contributing to the development and progression of various diseases, including metastatic cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the main regulators of tumor angiogenesis. Studies show that VEGF and its receptor (VEGF-R) are often upregulated in tumor tissues, and the overexpression of VEGF increases tumor growth and metastasis. This research aimedto synthesize solid-lipid nanoparticles containing Foeniculum vulgare essential oil and investigate its anti-angiogenic effects. For this purpose, the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was used, and the expression of two important genes involved in the angiogenesis process, VEGF and VEGF-R was assessed using Real-Time PCR. The results showed a decrease in the growth rate of blood vessels in the CAM model, indicating the anti-angiogenic effects of the nanoparticles. Also, Real Time-PCR confirmed a decrease in the expression of the VEGF and VEGF-R genes. The results of this study showed that solid-lipid nanoparticles containing Foeniculum vulgare essential oil had anti-angiogenic properties and; therefore, can be useful agents for treating cancer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Response of agronomic indices, quality and quantity yield of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) to the integrated application of bio-chemical phosphorus fertilizers
Javad Hamzei Afshar Azadbakht Seyed Mohsen Seyedi Farshid Sadeghi Saeid NajariThe aim of this research was to evaluate the response of agronomic indices and quality and quantity yield of fennel to integrated application of bio-chemical phosphorus fertilizer. So, ten treatments (factorial combination of application and non-application mycorrhiza w MoreThe aim of this research was to evaluate the response of agronomic indices and quality and quantity yield of fennel to integrated application of bio-chemical phosphorus fertilizer. So, ten treatments (factorial combination of application and non-application mycorrhiza with five levels of zero, 300, 600, 900 and 1200 mg phosphorus per pot) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (CRBD) with three replications. Effect of treatments on plant height, number of branches per plant, number of umbel per plant, number of umbelest per umbel, number of seed per umbel, number of seed per umbelest, grain yield, biological yield and percent and essential oil yield was significant. According to means comparison, the highest value of plant height (75cm), number of umbel per plant (35umbel), number of seed per umbel (325 seed), grain yield (16 gr per plant), biological yield (35 gr per plant), essential oil percent (2.71%) and essential oil yield (0.43 gr per plant) were achieved at mycorrhizal plants with application of 300 mg phosphorus. But, number of seed per umbelest with comparison to the control treatment (without application of chemical or bio fertilizer) decreased. In general, results showed that integrated application of biological and chemical phosphorus fertilizers improved quantity and quality traits of fennel and decreased consumption of chemical phosphorus fertilizer which is in agreement with the sustainable production of medicinal plants and safe environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Study of salinity different levels effects on sodium and potassium amounts of rosemary medical plants
Abbas SheibanianAbstract:Drought is one of the environmental stresses that has destructive and harmful effects on most stages of plant growth, organ structure and activity, and considering the increasing trend of developing saline lands and the lack of suitable arable lands for agricul MoreAbstract:Drought is one of the environmental stresses that has destructive and harmful effects on most stages of plant growth, organ structure and activity, and considering the increasing trend of developing saline lands and the lack of suitable arable lands for agriculture, more knowledge of the effects of priming in the conditions of salinity stress is needed. It is very important. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized block design at the Dana Medicinal Plants Research Center in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. The results showed that with the increase in salinity, the amount of sodium increased and the lowest amount of sodium was related to the control treatment (28.74 mg/fresh weight) and the highest amount of sodium was related to the treatment with salinity of 8 dS/m (38.39). Also, with increasing salinity, the amount of potassium decreased, and the lowest amount of potassium is related to the salinity treatment of 8 dS/m (3.82 mg/fresh weight) and the highest amount of potassium is related to the control treatment (4.55 mg/fresh weight). According to the above information, it can be said that by increasing the osmotic pressure of the soil solution, the sodium element disturbs the balance of the ions needed by the plant by increasing the osmotic pressure of the soil solution.Abstract:Drought is one of the environmental stresses that has destructive and harmful effects on most stages of plant growth, organ structure and activity, and considering the increasing trend of developing saline lands and the lack of suitable arable lands for agriculture, more knowledge of the effects of priming in the conditions of salinity stress is needed. It is very important. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized block design at the Dana Medicinal Plants Research Center in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. The results showed that with the increase in salinity, the amount of sodium increased and the lowest amount of sodium was related to the control treatment (28.74 mg/fresh weight) and the highest amount of sodium was related to the treatment with salinity of 8 dS/m (38.39). Also, with increasing salinity, the amount of potassium decreased, and the lowest amount of potassium is related to the salinity treatment of 8 dS/m (3.82 mg/fresh weight) and the highest amount of potassium is related to the control treatment (4.55 mg/fresh weight). According to the above information, it can be said that by increasing the osmotic pressure of the soil solution, the sodium element disturbs the balance of the ions needed by the plant by increasing the osmotic pressure of the soil solution.Abstract:Drought is one of the environmental stresses that has destructive and harmful effects on most stages of plant growth, organ structure and activity, and considering the increasing trend of developing saline lands and the lack of suitable arable lands for agriculture, more knowledge of the effects of priming in the conditions of salinity stress is needed. It is very important. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized block design at the Dana Medicinal Plants Research Center in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. The results showed that with the increase in salinity, the amount of sodium increased and the lowest amount of sodium was related to the control treatment (28.74 mg/fresh weight) and the highest amount of sodium was related to the treatment with salinity of 8 dS/m (38.39). Also, with increasing salinity, the amount of potassium decreased, and the lowest amount of potassium is related to the salinity treatment of 8 dS/m (3.82 mg/fresh weight) and the highest amount of potassium is related to the control treatment (4.55 mg/fresh weight). According to the above information, it can be said that by increasing the osmotic pressure of the soil solution, the sodium element disturbs the balance of the ions needed by the plant by increasing the osmotic pressure of the soil solution.Abstract:Drought is one of the environmental stresses that has destructive and harmful effects on most stages of plant growth, organ structure and activity, and considering the increasing trend of developing saline lands and the lack of suitable arable lands for agriculture, more knowledge of the effects of priming in the conditions of salinity stress is needed. It is very important. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized block design at the Dana Medicinal Plants Research Center in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. The results showed that with the increase in salinity, the amount of sodium increased and the lowest amount of sodium was related to the control treatment (28.74 mg/fresh weight) and the highest amount of sodium was related to the treatment with salinity of 8 dS/m (38.39). Also, with increasing salinity, the amount of potassium decreased, and the lowest amount of potassium is related to the salinity treatment of 8 dS/m (3.82 mg/fresh weight) and the highest amount of potassium is related to the control treatment (4.55 mg/fresh weight). According to the above information, it can be said that by increasing the osmotic pressure of the soil solution, the sodium element disturbs the balance of the ions needed by the plant by increasing the osmotic pressure of the soil solution. Manuscript profile
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