XML
-
-
List of Articles
-
Open Access Article
1 - Synthesis of Fe3O4/Eggshell and egg membrane Nanocomposite and Application for Adsorption of Cationic and Anionic Dyes
Naereh Besharati nina alizadehThis work is reported on the synthesis of Fe3O4/eggshell nanocomposites in the absence of any stabilizer or surfactant. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were established on the egg shell. The adsorption of Malachite green (MG) and Crystal violet (CV) as cationic dyes and Er MoreThis work is reported on the synthesis of Fe3O4/eggshell nanocomposites in the absence of any stabilizer or surfactant. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were established on the egg shell. The adsorption of Malachite green (MG) and Crystal violet (CV) as cationic dyes and Eriochrome Black T (EBT) as an anionic dye by magnetite nanoparticles loaded egg shell (MNLES) and magnetite nanoparticles loaded egg membrane (MNLEM) were studied. FT-IR, XRD and SEM were used for specification of adsorbents. XRD pattern of MNLES and MNLEM were corresponded to pure magnetite at 2θ= 30.2o, 35.6o, 43.3o and 57.2o. FTIR showed that main peak similar magnetite in 580, 1620 and 3407cm-1. SEM pictures showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles in nm size loaded on natural adsorbents. Adsorbents dose, pH and contact time as parameters that have effect on dyes removal were investigated. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, intraparticle diffusion and Elovich models were used for study of kinetic of adsorption. The sorption of the MG, EBT, CV on the MNLEM were pseudo second-order model. The sorption of the MG and EBT on MNLES were described by Elovich and pseudo second-order model. Value of qmax from the Langmuir model for adsorption of CV, EBT and MG were 61.72, 21.69 and 38.31mg g -1 for MNLEM and qmax for adsorption of EBT, MG on the MNLES was 40.0 and 25.12mg g -1. It was found MNLES and MNLEM can be used as efficient adsorbents for removal of EBT more than cationic dyes (MG, CV). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Investigation of removal efficiency of Cr (VI) from industrial wastewater using chitosan and synthesized chitosan nanoparticles
arezou ghadi Soleiman Mahjoub Mohsen ziyariChromium (VI) is present in the effluents from different industries which may cause serious environmental problems. The aim of this study was to synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles and their comparison with chitosan for removal of Cr(VI) ions from industrial waste water MoreChromium (VI) is present in the effluents from different industries which may cause serious environmental problems. The aim of this study was to synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles and their comparison with chitosan for removal of Cr(VI) ions from industrial waste water. Synthesis of the nanoparticle adsorbents was done successfully in the laboratory, by crosslinking method. The nanoparticles sizes were determined to be in the range of 50-100 nm. The effect of the pH solution, adsorbents dosage, initial concentration of chromium ion and contact time for the absorption of Cr(VI) were investigated by means of atomic absorption spectroscopy. Maximum adsorption of chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan were 44 & 16 mg/g, respectively (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Structural features of La0.55Ca0.45A0.50Co0.50O3 (A = Mg, Mn) nanoparticles over photo-degradation of methyl blue
Hamid Yousefi Ahmad Gholizadeh Zahra MirbeigSabzevari Azim MalekzadehLa0.55Ca0.45A0.5Co0.5O3(A = Mg, Mn) nanoparticles prepared by citrate method were characterized using X-ray diffraction measurement, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The structural analysis using X’Pert package and Fu MoreLa0.55Ca0.45A0.5Co0.5O3(A = Mg, Mn) nanoparticles prepared by citrate method were characterized using X-ray diffraction measurement, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The structural analysis using X’Pert package and Fullprof program is an evidence for the presence of the perovskite structure. The calculated value of crystallite size, particle size and band gap energy of La0.55Ca0.45Mg0.5Co0.5O3 is much less than La0.55Ca0.45Mg0.5Co0.5O3. The photocatalytic activity of the product was studied for degradation of an aqueous solution of methyl blue under solar condition. The effects of three operational parameters including irradiation time, pH, and the catalyst amount on the dye degradation were analyzed using optical absorption spectra. The degradation efficiency of MB solutions in the presence of 10 mg La0.55Ca0.45Mn0.5Co0.5O3 nanoparticles under visible light indicate to be higher than La0.55Ca0.45Mg0.5Co0.5O3 nanoparticles. 96 % degradation is obtained in an aqueous solution at pH = 2.33 and containing 30 mg La0.55Ca0.45Mg0.5Co0.5O3 catalyst after 30 minutes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Structural, Magnetic and Catalytic Properties of Non-Stoichiometric Lanthanum Ferrite Nano-Perovskites in Carbon Monoxide Oxidation
Zahra Ramezani Azim Malekzadeh Mahnaz ghiasi Ahmad Gholizadeh Elham GhiasiPerovskite-type oxides of LaFe(1+x)O(3+δ) (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.5 and 0.7) were synthesized by citrate sol–gel method to ensure the formation of nanosized perovskites. The physicochemical properties of these LaFe(1+x)O(3+δ) materials were characterized by thermal gravimetric MorePerovskite-type oxides of LaFe(1+x)O(3+δ) (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.5 and 0.7) were synthesized by citrate sol–gel method to ensure the formation of nanosized perovskites. The physicochemical properties of these LaFe(1+x)O(3+δ) materials were characterized by thermal gravimetric/differential analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopies, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Brunauer Emmett Teller nitrogen absorption, electrical conductivity measurements and magnetic studies. Catalytic performances of the prepared materials were evaluated for the carbon monoxide oxidation. Trace of FeCO3 and Fe2O3 phases were detected over the perovskites of LaFe(1+x)O(3+δ) with excess iron (x > 0) using the XRD and FT-IR studies. The SEM results demonstrate the formation of non-spongy particles. The magnetic measurements show a charge ordering transition at ~230 K for LaFe1.2O(3+δ) perovskite. The weak long range charge ordering of Fe2+/Fe3+ destroys over an increase in the content of the phases other than LaFeO3 perovskite. The best σox/σRed and the lowest Ec is accounted for the more suitable path for catching and giving of the gas phase oxygen over LaFe1.2O(3+δ) nanoperovskite; meaning most favorable redox properties. The light off temperature of the CO oxidation in terms of reducibility studies is decreased about 70°C over crystalline LaFe1.2O(3+δ) catalyst. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - An efficient platform based on cupper complex-multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposite modified electrode for the determination of uric acid
Mohammad Mehdi ForoughiA new voltammetric sensor for determination of uric acid (UA) by Cupper complex- multiwalled carbon nanotube (Cu-complex-CNT) nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) is reported. The electrocatalytic behavior of the Cu-complex-CNT nanocomposite modified CPE MoreA new voltammetric sensor for determination of uric acid (UA) by Cupper complex- multiwalled carbon nanotube (Cu-complex-CNT) nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) is reported. The electrocatalytic behavior of the Cu-complex-CNT nanocomposite modified CPE were studied in pH 2.0 phosphate buffer solution by chronoamperometry (CA) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) in the presence of uric acid. Due to the excellent electrocatalytic activity, enhanced electrical conductivity and high surface area of the Cu-complex-CNT, determination of uric acid with well-defined peaks was achieved at the Cu-complex-CNT modified electrode. The catalytic peak current obtained, was linearly dependent on the UA concentrations in the range of 0.66 – 350.0µM with sensitivity of 0.05 µA µM-1. The detection limits for UA were 0.075µM, The diffusion coefficient for the oxidation of UA at the modified electrode was calculated as (4.1±0.05) ×10−5 cm2 s−1. The proposed sensor was successfully examined for real sample analysis with urine and human serum and revealed stable and reliable recovery data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Synthesis of pyranopyrazole compounds using heterogeneous base catalyst based on 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine modified nano rice husk silica
Jamal DavarpanahIn the current study, amorphous silica nanoparticles were easily extracted from rice husk ash. The target composite was synthesized by the direct incorporation of chloropropyl groups through the condensation of nanosilica and 3-chloropropyl trimethoxysilane and then gra MoreIn the current study, amorphous silica nanoparticles were easily extracted from rice husk ash. The target composite was synthesized by the direct incorporation of chloropropyl groups through the condensation of nanosilica and 3-chloropropyl trimethoxysilane and then grafting of 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (Melamine) onto the propyl groups by the simple nucleophilic substitution reaction (RHA@Melamine). The resulting solid catalyst was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and thermogravimetric analysis. The catalytic activity of this solid acid nanocomposite was probed through one-pot synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole via four-component couplings of aldehydes, hydrazine hydrate, ethyl acetoacetate and malononitrile under solvent-free conditions. In this reaction, RHA@Melamine shows good catalytic nature, easy to handle procedure, recycle exploitation and excellent isolated yields of products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Fabrication and charge modification of ceramic membranes using copper Nanoparticles for desalination
Mohamad Mahdi Zerafat Majid Shokri Doodeji Omid NejadianCeramic membranes are considered as alternatives for their polymeric counterparts due to high mechanical strength and thermal resistance; thus long lifetime. Usually, asymmetric ceramic membranes are synthesized including several layers with different pore size distribu MoreCeramic membranes are considered as alternatives for their polymeric counterparts due to high mechanical strength and thermal resistance; thus long lifetime. Usually, asymmetric ceramic membranes are synthesized including several layers with different pore size distributions with the top-layer playing the main separation role. Titania has several properties such as photocatalytic activity and chemical stability making it sutitable as an option for the top-layer. This study is devoted to the preparation and characterization of a ceramic membrane, dip-coating of mesoporous interlayers and preparation of a microporous anatase top-layer via sol–gel technique. Moreover, the performance of the membrane modified by nano-copperis investigated for salt rejection enhancement. Membranes were characterized by FE-SEM and X-ray diffraction. The sol particle size was determined using DLS. Cross-flow filtration setup was used for membrane permeability and salt retention experiments. Membrane top-layer showed crystal structures including rutile and anatase phases. By increasing salt concentration, chloride rejection is decreased and retention is increased by increasing the pressure. In case of modified membranes using nano-copper, higher retentions are observed, with 35% rejection for NaCl and 73% for Na2SO4. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigation of the stability of PEG stearate-coated Chitosan nanoparticles loaded with levothyroxine
Elham RostamiWe report the formation and characterization of PEG stearate (PEG)-coated Chitosan nanoparticles. Chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized using tripolyphosphate via the ionic crosslinking method. Preparation of PEG Stearate-grafted Chitosan is essential to improve the b MoreWe report the formation and characterization of PEG stearate (PEG)-coated Chitosan nanoparticles. Chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized using tripolyphosphate via the ionic crosslinking method. Preparation of PEG Stearate-grafted Chitosan is essential to improve the biocompatibility and water solubility of Chitosan. The size and morphologies of Chitosan nanoparticles were measured with transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Sizes of Chitosan nanoparticles were in the range of 150-200 nm. The particle size and zeta potential of PEG Stearate-coated Chitosan had been measured as 187.5 nm by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy. Drug entrapment efficiency was obtained to be 99%. The purpose of the present work was to develop a new nanoparticle system, consisting of polymeric nanoparticles coated with PEG Stearate. The modification procedure led to a reduction in the zeta potential values, varying from +43.3 mV for the uncoated particles to +20 mV for that of PEG Stearate-coated Chitosan. PEG Stearate coated nanoparticles were more stable due to their polymer coating layer which prevented aggregation of Chitosan nanoparticles. Consequently, it is possible that the PEG Stearate surrounds the particles reducing the attachment of enzymes and further degradation of the polymeric cores. Properties nanoparticles were affected by the preparation variables and the coating layer. Chitosan nanoparticles showed a smooth surface and globular shape. In this study, we explored the release behavior of levothyroxine was affected by the coating layer. Coating surface leads to a decrease in the burst release effect compared to uncoated nanoparticles due to gradual release of adsorbed levothyroxine from PEG-coated Chitosan nanoparticles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Preparation of chitosan-copper nanoparticles coated Kraft paper, characterization and its antimicrobial activity
hamid reza ghorbaniIn this paper, chitosan-copper nanoparticles were successfully coated onto the Kraft paper using a dip coating process. First, chitosan-copper nanoparticles solution was prepared by reduction method and the use of ultrasonic radiation. It was employed copper sulphate pe MoreIn this paper, chitosan-copper nanoparticles were successfully coated onto the Kraft paper using a dip coating process. First, chitosan-copper nanoparticles solution was prepared by reduction method and the use of ultrasonic radiation. It was employed copper sulphate pentahydrate as precursor salt, NaOH as a reducing agent and chitosan as capping agent to prepare chitosan-copper nanoparticles solution. The solution was analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The size range of the produced chitosan-copper nanoparticles was about 60 nm. These chitosan-copper nanoparticles were successfully coated onto the Kraft paper using a dip coating process. The coated Kraft paper established very perfect antibacterial activity in contrast to gram negative and gram positive bacteria.After coating process, the coated Kraft paper was characterized by X-Ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, the antimicrobial activity of the Kraft paper in contrast to Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli was measured by disc diffusion method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Removal of malachite green by using immobilized glucose oxidase onto silica nanostructure-coated silver metal-foam
Mansour Hemmati Mohammad Barkhi Hadi Baharifar Kamyar KhoshnevisanEnzymes Immobilization onto different types of substrate could be helpful in various applications of biomedical devices and biosensors. Enzyme activity and stability could be affected by support and method of immobilization. In this study, the silver metal foam was succ MoreEnzymes Immobilization onto different types of substrate could be helpful in various applications of biomedical devices and biosensors. Enzyme activity and stability could be affected by support and method of immobilization. In this study, the silver metal foam was successfully synthesized by soft-shell method and then was coated with silica. Then, glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized on non-coated and silica-coated silver metal foam and removal of malachite green was investigated. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results confirmed that the enzyme was attached to support surface. The maximum immobilized enzyme activity was about 118.980 U/grSupport at 40ᵒC. The removal of malachite green showed the indirect relation with dye concentration confirmed by decolorization assay. The increasing activity, thermal stability, and reusability of immobilized glucose oxidase onto the silver metal foam in comparison to free enzyme introduce the capability of the biological system for removal of malachite green in the industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Preparation of cellulose nanoparticle from cinnamon
golsum afshari Hakimeh ZiyadiThe preparation of cellulose nanostructures is considered in this paper. Cellulose nanoparticles (nano cellulose) were extracted from cinnamon for the first time. The chemically-induced destruction strategy based on controlled strong acid hydrolysis treatment was used f MoreThe preparation of cellulose nanostructures is considered in this paper. Cellulose nanoparticles (nano cellulose) were extracted from cinnamon for the first time. The chemically-induced destruction strategy based on controlled strong acid hydrolysis treatment was used for dissolution of lignin and fragmentation of cellulose to nano sized structure. The products were characterized with scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-Vis and Mass spectroscopy. SEM images demonstrated the cellulose nanoparticles production. Size distribution histogram which was obtained from the SEM image showed that nanoparticles size were less than 100 nm with average size about 50 nm. XRD analysis showed amorphous structure for nanoparticles. Chemical structures and functional group of cellulose nanoparticles approved using FT-IR. UV-VIS spectrum of macro cellulose, micro cellulose and nano cellulose were done in water, acetone and acetic acid. These spectrums illustrate the same absorption for tree materials in agues, organic and acidic solvents approving the stability of structures and maintaining molecular structure during making nano cellulose. Mass spectroscopy peaks agree well with the structure of the cellulose and its fragmentation during analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Morphology of Zinc Sulfide Nanocrystals Synthesized by Different Methods
Mina Adibi Sohrab Taghipoor Rava Parhizkar Seyed Mojtaba MostafaviIn recent years, nanostructured materials have attracted a great deal of attention due to their special properties as compared to bulk materials. Semiconductor nanoparticles can be synthesized in several methods, including chemical capping, reverse micelles, and hydroth MoreIn recent years, nanostructured materials have attracted a great deal of attention due to their special properties as compared to bulk materials. Semiconductor nanoparticles can be synthesized in several methods, including chemical capping, reverse micelles, and hydrothermal. In this research, different methods of ZnS nanoparticle fabrication and the role of the main parameters on the particle size and morphology of the samples were investigated by validated methods such as SEM, TEM, XRD and EDAX. In all mentioned methods, decreasing the concentration of reactants reduces the particle diameter. Also, increasing the rate of addition of the reactants reduces the size of the produced nanoparticles. The results of SEM and TEM imaging show that the hydrothermal method using thioacetamide as a source of sulfide ion, in addition to the uniformly formed nanoparticles, has high reproducibility which is a good criterion for increasing the scaling rate.Keywords: Nano Zinc Sulfide, morphology, coating, reverse micelles, hydrothermal reaction Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Investigation of physical conditions in the formation of micro and Nano iron/alginate capsules in the coacervation technique
susan khosroyar Ali ArastehnodehMicroencapsulation is a process in which solid, liquid or gas components are covered with a septum. The present study has focused on the effect of stirring to produce ferric saccharide capsules with alginate coating applying the coacervation method so that we can obtain MoreMicroencapsulation is a process in which solid, liquid or gas components are covered with a septum. The present study has focused on the effect of stirring to produce ferric saccharide capsules with alginate coating applying the coacervation method so that we can obtain the best capsules for fortification of hydrated and dehydrated food products. At first, three methods including stirrer, ultra-sonic and sonic bath were compared in order to select the best way of stirring. The experiments results showed that turning was provided by the stirrer method resulted in capsulation with spherical morphology and uniform distribution of surface. In this case the other factors such as the alginate concentration and calcium salt concentration were investigated. After studying the various conditions, it is suggested that the best Capsules were formed in alginate 3% at 500 rpm with concentration of calcium chloride salt 1M. The resulted capsules by this method had a high efficiency and were more stable in hydrated and dehydrated food ingredients network for a long time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Adsorption behaviors of curcumin on the N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles using density functional theory simulations
Amirali Abbasi Jaber Jahanbin SardroodiThe density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to get information concerning the interaction of curcumin on the pristine and N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles. Three adsorption geometries of curcumin over the TiO2 anatase nanoparticles were studied in order MoreThe density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to get information concerning the interaction of curcumin on the pristine and N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles. Three adsorption geometries of curcumin over the TiO2 anatase nanoparticles were studied in order to fully exploit the sensing properties of TiO2 nanoparticles. Curcumin molecule adsorbs on the fivefold coordinated titanium sites of the TiO2 nanoparticle because of the higher affinity of these sites with respect to the curcumin molecule. A preferred perpendicular adsorption of curcumin on the OC-substituted nanoparticle was found to be the most favorable conformation with the estimated adsorption energy of about -5.33 eV. The results suggest that the curcumin molecule favorably interacts with the N-doped TiO2 nanoparticle, that is, the interaction of curcumin with the pristine nanoparticle is less favorable in energy than the interaction with the N-doped one. The structural parameters such bond lengths/angles and adsorption energies were examined for the discussion of results. The electronic structures of the system were analyzed in view of the density of states and molecular orbitals. The analysis of projected density of states and molecular orbitals showed forming new chemical bonds between the nanoparticle and curcumin molecule. By including vdW interactions, the adsorption energies of the most stable curcumin+TiO2 couples were increased, implying the dominant effect of dispersion energy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Modification of nano Clinoptilolite Zeolite using sulfuric Acid and its application toward removal of Arsenic from water sample
Ali Shokrolahzadeh Ali Shokuhi Rad Javad AdinehvandZeolites are widely used in waste water and contaminated water refinement due to their great adsorption properties. However, Clinoptilolite (as one type of Zeolites) has a relatively low adsorption capacity at least for arsenic ions. Therefore, in order to increase the MoreZeolites are widely used in waste water and contaminated water refinement due to their great adsorption properties. However, Clinoptilolite (as one type of Zeolites) has a relatively low adsorption capacity at least for arsenic ions. Therefore, in order to increase the adsorption capacity, natural Clinoptilolite was modified with sulfuric acid and various tests were then conducted to determine the best conditions for obtaining the maximum capacity of adsorption. The results showed that parameters such as arsenic initial concentration, adsorbent's particles size, adsorbent dosage and solution pH affect the adsorption capacity. Arsenic maximum adsorption was obtained at pH 8. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be in an adsorbent modified with 1 M acid. The contact time or the time of balance between the adsorbent and analyte was determined to be 240 min and the optimal amount of Zeolite to obtain was determined to be 480 g/L. The rate of arsenic removal under the optimal conditions is 27.69%. The modified Clinoptilolite capacity for arsenic adsorption increased with reducing the adsorbent particles size to 0.5 mm. Besides, among the three examined isotherms including the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms, the Langmuir and Freundlich models well described arsenic adsorption. Considering the more favorable adsorption efficiency of Clinoptilolite modified with sulfuric acid compared to natural Clinoptilolite, the modified one can be proposed as an appropriate and inexpensive adsorbent for arsenic removal in waste water refinement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Buckling of doubly clamped nano-actuators in general form through spectral meshless radial point interpolation (SMRPI)
Hedayat Fatahi Elyas Shivanian S. Jalal Hosseini GhonchehThe present paper is devoted to the development of a kind of spectral meshlessradial point interpolation (SMRPI) technique in order to obtain a reliable approx-imate solution for buckling of nano-actuators subject to different nonlinear forces.To end this aim, a general MoreThe present paper is devoted to the development of a kind of spectral meshlessradial point interpolation (SMRPI) technique in order to obtain a reliable approx-imate solution for buckling of nano-actuators subject to different nonlinear forces.To end this aim, a general type of the governing equation for nano-actuators, con-taining integro-differential terms and nonlinear forces are considered. This generaltype for the nano-actuators is a non-linear fourth-order Fredholm integro-differentialboundary value problem. The point interpolation method with the help of radialbasis functions is used to construct shape functions which play as basis functions inthe frame of SMRPI. In the current work, the thin plate splines (TPS) are used asthe basis functions. This numerical based technique enables us to overcome all kindof nonlinearities in equation and then to obtain fast convergent solutions. Thus, itcan facilitate the design of nano-actuators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Molecular Dynamics Investigation of the Elastic Constants and Moduli of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Mohammad Mahdi Zaeri Saeed Ziaei-RadDetermination of the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes is an essential step in their applications from macroscopic composites to nano-electro-mechanical systems. In this paper we report the results of a series of molecular dynamics simulations carried out to pre MoreDetermination of the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes is an essential step in their applications from macroscopic composites to nano-electro-mechanical systems. In this paper we report the results of a series of molecular dynamics simulations carried out to predict the elastic constants, i.e. the elements of the stiffness tensor, and the elastic moduli, namely the Young’s and shear moduli, of various single walled carbon nanotubes. Poisson’s ratios were also calculated. Three different methods were used to run the simulations: applying a predetermined strain and reading the resulted stress, applying forces and constraints to the end atoms and calculating the moduli by assuming an equivalent continuum tube, and lastly applying a predetermined stress and reading the consequent deformation. In each case, the effect of nanotube chirality and diameter was studied. In addition, loading conditions were altered in each method to study the effect of nonlinearity of interatomic interactions. The results of the three methods are compared, with each other as well as with the literature, and discussed to obtain reasonable concluding remarks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Green Biosynthesis of Silver Functionalized multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, using Satureja hortensis L water extract and its bactericidal activity
Sajjad SedaghatGreen biosynthesis of silver - functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (Ag/FMWCNT) nanohybride from silver nitrate solution using water extract of Satureja hortensis L as reducing agent and FMWCNT as anchoring agentat room condition was successfully carried out. Wate MoreGreen biosynthesis of silver - functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (Ag/FMWCNT) nanohybride from silver nitrate solution using water extract of Satureja hortensis L as reducing agent and FMWCNT as anchoring agentat room condition was successfully carried out. Water-soluble organics present in the plant materials were mainly responsible for the reduction of silver ions to nano-sized Ag particles The synthesized nanocomposite were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The UV-Vis spectra of the Ag/FMWCNT nanocomposite showed absorption peak at around 401nm. SEM and TEM studies showed that the average particles size of Ag/FMWCNT nanocomposite was about 16.05 nm and also XRD patterns indicated that the structure of the nanocomposite is face-centered cubic.The antibacterial effects of Ag/FMWCNT on Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria were also performed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Ethers Catalysed by Polyvinyl sulfuric acid & PVSA / Nano RH SiO2 as a Novel Solid Acid Nanocomposite
roya moeinzadeh Ali Kiasat Hadi AsarehThe methodology involves preparing polyvinyl sulfuric acid as a solid acid by simple mixing of polyvinyl alcohol with chlorosulfonic acid in CH2Cl2 at room temperature. The catalytic ability of the solid acid was investigated for the facile conversion of benzylic MoreThe methodology involves preparing polyvinyl sulfuric acid as a solid acid by simple mixing of polyvinyl alcohol with chlorosulfonic acid in CH2Cl2 at room temperature. The catalytic ability of the solid acid was investigated for the facile conversion of benzylic alcohols to the unsymmetrical ethers with aliphatic alcohols in the presence of the solid acid. Results show that the solid acid is an appropriate catalytic agent for these condensation reactions. The silica was also extracted from low-cost rice husk and the amorphous silicagel nanoparticles was prepared with solgel method. The polyvinyl sulfuric acid was supported on nano rice husk silica. Then the catalytic effect of this system was investigated for synthesis of unsymmetrical ethers which consisted of a combination of high acidic power for this solid acid and high- surface area of nanoparticles. Results show that totally catalytic effect of polyvinyl sulfuric acid supported on nano silica is more suitable than polyvinyl sulfuric acid. The reason for this is in its ability to produce the end products in shorter reaction times while having high isolated yields. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - One-step cathodic electro-synthesis and characterization of dextran coated magnetite nanoparticles
Mustafa Aghazadeh Isa KarimzadehIn this research, a simple and efficient cathodic electrochemical deposition (CED) route was developed for the preparation of magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) in an aqueous media. The surface of magnetite NPs was also coated for the first time via an in situ procedure duri MoreIn this research, a simple and efficient cathodic electrochemical deposition (CED) route was developed for the preparation of magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) in an aqueous media. The surface of magnetite NPs was also coated for the first time via an in situ procedure during the CED process. In this method, initially, the Fe3O4 NPs (with size ~10 nm) were prepared from the Fe2+/Fe3+ chloride bath through CED process. Then, dextran as the coating agent was coated on the surface of Fe3O4 NPs during the CED process. The prepared NPs were characterized by different techniques such as XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, IR, TGA, DLS and VSM. The XRD results proved the pure magnetite i.e. Fe3O4 crystal phase of the prepared samples. Morphological observations through FE-SEM and TEM revealed particle morphology with nano-sizes of 8 nm and 12 nm for the naked and dextran coated NPs, respectively. The dextran coat on the surfaces of NPs was confirmed by FT-IR and DSC-TGA analyses. The average hydrodynamic diameters of 17 nm and 54 nm were measured from DLS analysis for the naked and dextran coated NPs, respectively. The magnetic analysis by VSM revealed that prepared NPs have superparamagnetic behavior i.e. Ms= 82.3 emu g–1, magnetization Mr= 0.71 emug–1 and Ce= 2.3 Oe for the naked NPs, and Ms= 43.1 emu g–1, Mr =0.47 emu g–1 and Ce=0.81Oe for the dextran coated NPs. These results implied that this electrochemical strategy can be recognized as an effective preparation method of polymer coated Fe3O4 NPs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Exploring the interaction of nanocomposite composed of Fe3O4, CaAl layered double hydroxide and lamivudine drug with Human serum albumin (HSA): Spectroscopic studies
nahid shahabadi mahtab razlansariIn the present work, the interaction of Fe3O4@CaAl LDH@ Lamivudine with human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by applying UV–vis and fluorescence spectra. The nanocomposite was quenching the natural fluorescence of HSA, which was indicated the static quenching mech MoreIn the present work, the interaction of Fe3O4@CaAl LDH@ Lamivudine with human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by applying UV–vis and fluorescence spectra. The nanocomposite was quenching the natural fluorescence of HSA, which was indicated the static quenching mechanism. The consequences demonstrated that this nanocomposite can strongly bind to HSA molecules. According to fluorescence quenching computations, the bimolecular quenching constant (kq), apparent quenching constant (KSV) at various temperatures were calculated (288, 298, 310 k). The binding constants Kb were 12187.09 L mol−1, 62849.24 L mol−1 and 350429 L mol−1 at 288 K, 298 K and 310 K respectively, and the number of binding sites n is almost >1. competitive results show that the binding site of nanocomposite placed in subdomain ІІІA (site ІІ) of HSA. The thermodynamic parameters defined by the Van’t Hoff analysis of the binding constants (ΔH 113.211 kJ mol−1 and ΔS 471.4703 J mol−1 K−1) clearly illustrated that the hydrophobic force plays a major role in the process. To compare binding behavior and mechanism of the antiviral drug which was loaded on Fe3O4@CaAl LDH with HSA, we carried out fluorescence and UV-Visible spectroscopy to investigate the interactions of Fe3O4@CaAl LDH@ Lamivudine with HSA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Investigation of performance of bimodal/functionalized mesoprorous silica nanoparticles on the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution
Amir VahidIn this study, bimodal mesoporous silica, i.e. UVM-7, was synthesized and functionalized with sulfonic acid and characterized using XRD, nitrogen physisorption, SEM, TEM and acid/base titration. Results displayed that bimodal mesopore structure was firmly formed and aci MoreIn this study, bimodal mesoporous silica, i.e. UVM-7, was synthesized and functionalized with sulfonic acid and characterized using XRD, nitrogen physisorption, SEM, TEM and acid/base titration. Results displayed that bimodal mesopore structure was firmly formed and acidic functional groups were grafted on the surface of the UVM-7. The concentration of the acidic functional groups was determined via titration by standard NaOH solution. At the second step, the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solutions onto UVM-7 and UVM-7/SO3H was investigated. The effect of PH, temperature, dye concentration, salt concentration and contact time on the adsorption of methylene blue was studied. The adsorption equilibrium isotherms were well fitted to Langmuir rather than Freundlich model. Methylene blue adsorption on UVM-7 increases with increasing the temperature and PH, which indicates that the process is endothermic. Maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue by UVM-7 and UVM-7/SO3H were 107.5 mg/g and 129.9 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption kinetics of methylene blue for both UVM-7 and UVM-SO3H were pseudo ـsecond order and well fitted to Langmuir model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Stabilisation of Wet Protein Foams Using Starch Nano-Particles
Saeed Sadeghpou GalooyakProtein isolate is used in the food industry in order to process and stabilise food foams. Therefore there has been a great deal of interest and research in order to understand the effect of processing parameters on the functional properties of the isolate. The major pu MoreProtein isolate is used in the food industry in order to process and stabilise food foams. Therefore there has been a great deal of interest and research in order to understand the effect of processing parameters on the functional properties of the isolate. The major purpose of this research is to study the foamability of the different proteins - starch nano-particle system. The results from experiments revealed that the foam properties can vary significantly for certain protein solutions; however, the interfacial properties seem to be constant and the most important results from the experiments are A) in starches samples, adding protein had no significant effect on viscosity, consequently, there was no drainage limitation B) for starches sample surface tension is not limiting factor C) At same starch concentration Egg White protein (EWP) foams had a much higher drainage half-life time compared with pea protein (PPI) foams. The effected properties on foams stability such as viscosity, surface tension and pH were compared to discover the best solution for foam stability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Computational studies on the interaction of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) with nitrogen modified TiO2 anatase nanoparticles
Amirali Abbasi Jaber Jahanbin SardroodiDensity functional theory calculations were performed to investigate vitamin C interaction with N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles. The adsorption of vitamin C on the energy favorable fivefold coordinated titanium sites was investigated. Various adsorption geometries of MoreDensity functional theory calculations were performed to investigate vitamin C interaction with N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles. The adsorption of vitamin C on the energy favorable fivefold coordinated titanium sites was investigated. Various adsorption geometries of vitamin C towards the nanoparticle were examined. Since the adsorption energies of N-doped nanoparticles are higher than those of undoped ones, the N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles can interact with vitamin C molecule more strongly. Besides, adsorption on the pristine nanoparticle is less favorable, whereas on the N-doped one, the adsorption process is more energy favorable. The electronic structure analysis was performed in view of the density of states and molecular orbitals of the considered nanoparticles with adsorbed vitamin C molecule. The significant overlaps between the PDOS spectra of the oxygen atom of vitamin C molecule and titanium atom of TiO2 confirm the chemisorption of vitamin C on the TiO2 nanoparticle. After the adsorption, the electronic densities in the HOMOs of the adsorption systems were mainly distributed over the vitamin C molecule, while the LUMOs were dominant at the TiO2 nanoparticle. Our calculations shed light on the understanding the interaction between vitamin C and TiO2 nanoparticles, which provides an efficient outline for future experimental studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Synthesis of NiFe2O4/sawdust nanocomposite for oil-water separation
Azita Seyed Shariatdoost Mohammad Yousefi pirouz derakhshi Aliakbar Safekordi kambiz larijaniMagnetic nanocomposites have the ability to remove water pollutants such as dyes, oils and organic solvents. In this study, NiFe2O4/sawdust nanocomposite was synthesized for removing oil pollutants. The oil-adsorbing nanocomposite could be easily separated from water by MoreMagnetic nanocomposites have the ability to remove water pollutants such as dyes, oils and organic solvents. In this study, NiFe2O4/sawdust nanocomposite was synthesized for removing oil pollutants. The oil-adsorbing nanocomposite could be easily separated from water by magnet bar. The XRD results show tetragonal phase proving the composite formation. The FESEM pictures successfully reveal the growth of NiFe2O4 on the sawdust template. The FTIR bands at 422 cm-1 and 615 cm-1correspond to the metal oxygen stretching band. VSM hysteresis loop proves the superparamagnetism of the composite. In addition contact angle depicts hydrophobic properties of the resulted nanocomposite. More importantly, as-prepared nanocomposite exhibited high oil adsorption capacity and good reusability. Our studies show easy synthesis and fast method for oil removal from water. Facile synthesis procedure, high oil adsorption capacity, fast and simple magnetic separation and reusability of nanoadsorbent are among the benefits of these composite. This approach will open up new fields of studies in polluted-water treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Synthesize and characterization of hollow and core/shell based on CeO2 as a alcohol sensor
zahra rasouli Mohammad Yousefi Susan Samadi Khadijeh Kalateh Maryam TorbatiIn this study, CeO2 hollow spherical nanoparticles, CeO2/SiO2 @ CeO2 core/shell composites, and hollow CeO2/SiO2 sensors were synthesized and their microstructures were researched by FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, EDX and BET analyses. The peaks observed in the FT-IR spectra of the MoreIn this study, CeO2 hollow spherical nanoparticles, CeO2/SiO2 @ CeO2 core/shell composites, and hollow CeO2/SiO2 sensors were synthesized and their microstructures were researched by FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, EDX and BET analyses. The peaks observed in the FT-IR spectra of the synthesized samples corresponded to Ce-O stretching vibration (ca. 566 cm-1) and O-Si-O bending vibration (ca. 470 cm-1). XRD diffraction patterns showed peaks at 2θ values in the 28.95° , 33.74°, 47.75° , 57.04°, 59.52° ,and 69.4° confirming cubic phase of CeO2. The FESEM images showed that the particle shape was approximately spherical. The results of BET showed that, surface area of the CeO2 hollow spherical nanoparticles, CeO2/SiO2 @ CeO2 and hollow CeO2/SiO2 core/shell particles were 102.78 m2/g, 80.49 m2/g, and 119.71 m2/g, respectively. The nanosized metal oxides were used to quantitatively and qualitatively identify 1-propanol, 2-propanol, ethanol and methanol. The results showed that, the hollow CeO2/SiO2 core/shell was of larger potentials for qualitative identification of 1-propanol and quantitative measurement of 2 -propanol and ethanol. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The Growth of Multilayer Graphene over MCM-41 by CVD Method in Atmospheric Pressure: metal–Free Nanocatalyst
Majid Masoumi Alimorad Rashidi Saeed Sadeghpour Mohammad Mehdi ChoolaeiGraphene films were fabricated over synthesized MCM-41 nanocatalyst by chemical vapor deposition method, and the reaction was carried in atmospheric pressure at 750˚C . Acetylene gas used as carbon precursor and the synthesis reaction took place at hydrogen atmosphere . MoreGraphene films were fabricated over synthesized MCM-41 nanocatalyst by chemical vapor deposition method, and the reaction was carried in atmospheric pressure at 750˚C . Acetylene gas used as carbon precursor and the synthesis reaction took place at hydrogen atmosphere . Mesoporous MCM-41 was synthesized at room temperature using wet chemical method . The synthesized metal free catalyst was characterized by XRD and N2 adsorption isotherms. The catalytically synthesized graphene layers were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ), and transmission electron microscopy ( TEM ) . The results indicated the favorable effect of MCM-41 with high BET surface area ( 908.76 m2/g ) as an active metal free nanocatalyst for fabricating graphene layers with high level of purity and homogeneity . Because of simplicity, easy purification, and high yield of graphene synthesis offered by this method , it is possible to use it in larger scales . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Adsorption of phenol by super hydrophobic phenol-formaldehyde/silica hybrid aerogel
Mohamad Seraji Sadra Soleimankhani Hossein Abadani Jamal DavarpanahPhenol-formaldehyde/silica hybrid gel with hydrophobic character, high porosity and small pore size mean was prepared via sol-gel polymerization under solvent saturated vapor atmosphere and was dried by ambient drying method. The silica sols were prepared based on Tetra MorePhenol-formaldehyde/silica hybrid gel with hydrophobic character, high porosity and small pore size mean was prepared via sol-gel polymerization under solvent saturated vapor atmosphere and was dried by ambient drying method. The silica sols were prepared based on Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and Methyltrimethoxysilane (MTES) as hydrophilic and hydrophobic precursors, respectively. Phenol-formaldehyde resin was used as polymeric phase to achieve suitable physical properties. The contact angle of this aerogel was about 147˚ and it is a result of formation of CH3 groups on the pore walls. The results of FESEM and nitrogen adsorption indicated that the structure of this aerogel is highly porous, uniform, and colloid like network. The Phenol-formaldehyde/silica hybrid aerogel was used for removal of phenol from aqueous solution. The study was carried out as functions of contact time, pH and initial phenol concentration. The experiments demonstrated that maximum phenol removal was obtained at neutral pH in unbuffered condition and it takes 40 min to attain equilibrium. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models were applied to fit adsorption equilibrium data. The best-fitted data was obtained with the Langmuir model and the adsorbent capacity was 97.09 mg g−1. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption process was described better by pseudo-second-order model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The growth of Diamond like carbon nanostructures: Investigation of the affecting factors
Morasa Amani Malkeshi karim Zare Mahmood Ghorannevis Zohre Ghorannevis omid MoradiUsing DC- Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) system, the impact of pure Co on the growth of diamond-like carbon (DLC) nano-structures was investigated. In this study, Acetylene (C2H2) was diluted in H2 and used as the reaction gas and Co nano-particles w MoreUsing DC- Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) system, the impact of pure Co on the growth of diamond-like carbon (DLC) nano-structures was investigated. In this study, Acetylene (C2H2) was diluted in H2 and used as the reaction gas and Co nano-particles were used as the catalyst. The effect of preparing Co catalyst on temperatures of 240ο C and 350ο C and growth conditions was studied. The results showed that the Co catalyst sputtering at 350ο-C temperature has a significant impact on purity, morphology, and synthesized diamond-like carbon nano- structures. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of catalyst preparation and growth conditions. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the diamond-like carbon nano- structures produced under different conditions.Using DC- Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) system, the impact of pure Co on the growth of diamond-like carbon (DLC) nano-structures was investigated. In this study, Acetylene (C2H2) was diluted in H2 and used as the reaction gas and Co nano-particles were used as the catalyst. The effect of preparing Co catalyst on temperatures of 240ο C and 350ο C and growth conditions was studied. The results showed that the Co catalyst sputtering at 350ο-C temperature has a significant impact on purity, morphology, and synthesized diamond-like carbon nano- structures. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of catalyst preparation and growth conditions. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the diamond-like carbon nano- structures produced under Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Hydrothermal synthesis, structural and catalytic studies of CuBi2O4 nanoparticles
Mehdi Salehi fatemeh Soleimani Ahmad GholizadehIn the present work CuBi2O4 nano-spinel has been synthesized via mild hydrothermal method at 180°C for 10 h. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by several techniques to emphasis the structure and properties of produced materials. The crystal structure was MoreIn the present work CuBi2O4 nano-spinel has been synthesized via mild hydrothermal method at 180°C for 10 h. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by several techniques to emphasis the structure and properties of produced materials. The crystal structure was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction method and the values of refined unit cell volume and the structure properties were studied by using the Rietveld analysis is done using fullprof program. The results shew the formation of tetrahedral structure with space group P4/ncc for this sample. Also, the morphologies of the synthesized materials were figured out by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). According to the FESEM images, several nano cubic form particle grew on micro spherical particles. As well, the catalytic performance of obtained CuBi2O4 was studied in Biginelli reaction. The reaction conditions of this study optimized by experimental design method. This experiment stablished high catalytic performance of copper bismuth oxide in compare with some other metal oxide catalysts.Also, the results shew this product is reusable homogenous catalyst. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Porous acidic catalyst, functionalized with imidazole ionic liquid ([SBA-Im]HSO4) as a novel phase transfer catalyst for the aqueous synthesis of benzyl thiocyanates and azides
Jamal Davarpanah Ali KiasatIn the present study, application of porous acidic catalyst functionalized with an imidazole ionic liquid ([SBA-Im]HSO4) as a phase transfer catalyst for the facile preparation of benzyl thiocyanates and azides in water has been described. The catalyst has been characte MoreIn the present study, application of porous acidic catalyst functionalized with an imidazole ionic liquid ([SBA-Im]HSO4) as a phase transfer catalyst for the facile preparation of benzyl thiocyanates and azides in water has been described. The catalyst has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric analysis (DTG). The polymeric phase transfer catalyst, easily recovered by simple filtration, shows no appreciable loss of activity when recycled several times.In the present study, application of porous acidic catalyst functionalized with an imidazole ionic liquid ([SBA-Im]HSO4) as a phase transfer catalyst for the facile preparation of benzyl thiocyanates and azides in water has been described. The catalyst has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric analysis (DTG). The polymeric phase transfer catalyst, easily recovered by simple filtration, shows no appreciable loss of activity when recycled several times. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - A biotechnological perspective on the affinity magnetic separation and purification based on oligonucleotides
Leila Farzin Mojtaba Shamsipur Shahab SheibaniThe rapidly growing field of biotechnology has created a critical need for simple, fast and high-throughput processes for the separation and purification of biomolecules from biological matrices. In recent years, several bioseparation techniques have been proposed as ad MoreThe rapidly growing field of biotechnology has created a critical need for simple, fast and high-throughput processes for the separation and purification of biomolecules from biological matrices. In recent years, several bioseparation techniques have been proposed as advanced alternatives to the classical separation methods. These modern processes emphasize ultra-high selective and sensitive analysis to determine promising chemical and biological entities. The current paper discusses the recent developments in the field of biotechnology using magnetic separation techniques based on oligonucleotides as the chemically synthesized and cost-effective biological ligands. In particular, they are very stable and not subject to thermal and chemical degradation. This allows the researchers to use labeled aptamers as highly sensitive and specific olgonucleotide probes in solution, membrane or magnetic nanoparticles-based assay systems. Since aptamers bind their targets with high affinity and specificity, they are promising alternative ligands in the purification of proteins. The purpose of this review paper is to show the critical role of oligonucleotides ligands for separation or purification of biological compounds and ions in complex matrices. Using the suitable aptamers in separation and preconcentration processes is an excellent alternative to the classical ligands. Some practical examples of DNA-based magnetic separation processes are also discussed to show the efficiency of magnetic bioseparation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Investigate The Effect Of Extracts On The Green Synthesis Of Silver Nanoparticles
Nooshin Amini Gholamreza Amin Zahra Jafari azarNanoparticles bio production, considering their performance in medicine and biological science, is increasing; also, raising awareness of green chemistry and bioprocesses has encouraged the use of environmentally friendly methods for the production of non-toxic nanomate MoreNanoparticles bio production, considering their performance in medicine and biological science, is increasing; also, raising awareness of green chemistry and bioprocesses has encouraged the use of environmentally friendly methods for the production of non-toxic nanomaterials. Also uses of plants extracts are found to be more advantageous over chemical, physical and microbial (bacterial, fungal, algal) methods for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis.The objectives of this study were the production of silver nanoparticles using aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of Avena sativa L. and investigation of the effect of extracts on the synthesis of nanoparticles. The morphology and size of the nanoparticles were determined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. SEM images showed that the synthesized nanoparticles were mainly spherical and round shaped. The results indicated that synthesized nanoparticles using aqueous extract were better than the synthesized nanoparticles using hydro-alcoholic extract in shape and size. Synthesize silver nanoparticles using Avena sativa L. extract provides environmentally friendly option as compared to currently available chemical/ physical methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of plant-mediated MgO nanoparticles using Mucuna pruriens L. seed extract and their biological evaluation
Samira Rahmani-Nezhad Shima Dianat Mina Saeedi Abbas HadjiakhoondiDevelopment of green and efficient procedures for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has emerged as a significant topic in the field of nanotechnology. In this respect, using natural resources especially plant extract has attracted lots of attention; plant extract MoreDevelopment of green and efficient procedures for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has emerged as a significant topic in the field of nanotechnology. In this respect, using natural resources especially plant extract has attracted lots of attention; plant extract is a promising alternative to traditional and chemical techniques. The plant Mucuna pruriens L. contains high concentration of L-dopa in the seeds; it has been used as a nerve tonic for nervous system disorders including Parkinson’s disease. In this work, a rapid and efficient synthesis of stable magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) using aqueous extract of Mucuna pruriens seeds were reported. The biologically synthesized MgO NPs were characterized by UV–Visible and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The potential of MgO nanoparticles in the degeneration of methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) dyes were assessed in different conditions. The results of these investigations showed that the synthesized MgO NPs have a good catalytic activity in the removal of both dyes. Biological study of biosynthesized MgO NPs showed moderate antibacterial property against four strains of bacteria and a very good antioxidant activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The Molecular Mechanics Model of Carbon Allotropes
Mohsen Motamedi AMIRHOSSEIN NAGHDIDue to its valency, carbon can form too many allotropes. A number of well-known forms of carbon include graphene, carbon nanotubes, capped carbon nanotubes, buckyballs, and nanocones. The remarkable mechanical properties of these carbons have attracted researchers. Nume MoreDue to its valency, carbon can form too many allotropes. A number of well-known forms of carbon include graphene, carbon nanotubes, capped carbon nanotubes, buckyballs, and nanocones. The remarkable mechanical properties of these carbons have attracted researchers. Numerous studies have been conducted on carbon nanotubes or graphene. In the present study, however, we applied the molecular mechanic method in order to model five forms of carbon with a uniform approach and draw a detailed comparison between the allotropes of carbon. Furthermore, we obtained Young’s modulus and natural frequencies for every form of carbon, which can be useful for researchers. The results show that increasing the diameter of the carbon nanotube will decrease its strength (decreases the Young’s modulus). Also, the capped carbon nanotube is stronger than the non-capped nanotube. This is because of the end bonds of the carbon nanotube. Also, the results show that Buckyball has extraordinary properties. Its strength is three times more than that of the carbon nanotube with the same diameter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Performance Investigation of Pentacene Based Organic Double Gate Field Effect Transistor and its Application as an Ultrasensitive Biosensor
Mohammad Reza Jouharchi Zahra Ahangari Farshad BabazadehIn this paper, the electrical performance of double gate organic field effect transistor (DG-OFET) are thoroughly investigated and feasibility of the device as an efficient biosensor is comprehensively assessed. The introduced device provides better gate control over th MoreIn this paper, the electrical performance of double gate organic field effect transistor (DG-OFET) are thoroughly investigated and feasibility of the device as an efficient biosensor is comprehensively assessed. The introduced device provides better gate control over the channel, yielding better charge injection properties from source to channel and providing higher on-state current in comparison with single gate devices. The susceptibility of fundamental electrical parameters with respect to the variation of design parameters is thoroughly calculated. In particular, standard deviation and average value of main electrical parameters signify that metal gate workfunction, channel thickness and gate oxide thickness are fundamental design measures that may modify the device efficiency. The insensitivity of off-state current to the change of channel length and drain bias confirms feasibility of the device in nanoscale regime. Next, a nano cavity is embedded in the gate insulator region for accumulation of biomolecules. The immobilization of molecules with different dielectric constants in the gate insulator hollow alters the gate capacitance and results in the drain current deviation with respect to the air- filled cavity condition. It is shown that by the occupancy of whole volume of the nanogap, a maximum range of on-state current variation can be achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Low temperature hydrothermal synthesis, evaluation of band gap energies and catalytic performance for Biginelli reactions of Sr2-xAxNb2O7+δ (A=Eu3+ and Nd3+) (x = 0.01 and 0.05) nanomaterials
shahin khademinia mahdi behzadNano powders Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 were prepared by a low temperature hydrothermal method at 120 ºC for 48 h followed by annealing at 400 ᵒC for 3 h among Sr(NO3)2 and Nb2O5, Eu2O3 and Nd2O3 raw materials at stoichiometric 1:1 Sr:Nb molar ratio. Characterizati MoreNano powders Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 were prepared by a low temperature hydrothermal method at 120 ºC for 48 h followed by annealing at 400 ᵒC for 3 h among Sr(NO3)2 and Nb2O5, Eu2O3 and Nd2O3 raw materials at stoichiometric 1:1 Sr:Nb molar ratio. Characterization of the synthesized materials was performed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) technique. FullProf program employing profile matching with constant scale factors was employed for structural analysis. The results showed that the patterns had a main Sr2Nb2O7 orthorhombic crystal structure with space group Cmc21. FESEM images showed that the synthesized nanomaterials had flower morphologies. Ultraviolet-visible spectra analysis showed that the synthesized Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 nanomaterials had light absorption in the ultraviolet light region. The direct optical band gap energies obtained from UV-Vis absorption spectra were 3.45, 3.50 and 3.80 eV for pure Sr2Nb2O7, S2 and S4, respectively. The catalytic activity of the obtained materials in the one-pot synthesis of the heterocyclic compounds 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs) in Biginelli reaction is investigated. The optimized 0.03 g of the catalyst, 95 ºC reaction temperature, and 60 min reaction time are used for the other Biginelli reactions in this work. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Structural and mechanical properties of AFe2O4 (A = Zn, Cu0.5Zn0.5, Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.5) nanoparticles prepared by citrate method at low temperature
Ahmad GholizadehIn this work, the structural and elastic moduli properties of ZnFe2O4, Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4, and Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrites prepared by citrate method have been investigated. The structural characterization of the samples is evidence for a cubic structure with Fd-3m space MoreIn this work, the structural and elastic moduli properties of ZnFe2O4, Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4, and Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrites prepared by citrate method have been investigated. The structural characterization of the samples is evidence for a cubic structure with Fd-3m space group. The Halder-Wagner analysis was used to study crystallite sizes and lattice strain and also stress and energy density. The cation distribution for each composition has been suggested. The experimental and theoretical lattice constants were found to be in good agreement with each other confirming the agreeability of the suggested cation distribution. The force constants for tetrahedral and octahedral sites have been determined by infrared spectral analysis. The increase in force constants of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles compared to other samples suggests the elastic properties of this sample is better than the other samples. The values of Young’s modulus, rigidity modulus, bulk modulus, Debye temperature have been determined. In addition, using the values of the compliance sij obtained from elastic stiffness constants, the values of Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio along the oriented direction have been calculated for the samples. Consequently, we can conclude the ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles could be more useful in industry applications because of their elastic properties compared to other samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Evaluation of thermal and antimicrobial behavior of Montmorillonite nanoclay modified with 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole
Milad Edraki davood zaareiAbstractThermal and antimicrobial properties of hybrid synthesized compounds were evaluated in the present study. Hybrid structures were synthesized via two main organic and inorganic components, namely: 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and sodium Montmorillonite clay (Na+ MoreAbstractThermal and antimicrobial properties of hybrid synthesized compounds were evaluated in the present study. Hybrid structures were synthesized via two main organic and inorganic components, namely: 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and sodium Montmorillonite clay (Na+-MMT). The synthesis process took place in a direct reaction, intercalation; and the resulting material was characterized. Results of scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed MBT penetration of particles into the inner space of the clay layers and interaction between the two organic and inorganic phases. Also, thermal properties of the resulting compounds were evaluated by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal gravimetric (DTG). It was found that while MBT sample had relatively low degradation temperature (about 250°C), the MBT-modified clay compound showed superior thermal stability, and in high temperatures, less weight loss as compared to MBT. Antimicrobial properties of the hybrid nanocompound against five types of bacteria, two types of fungus and one type of yeast were examined using well diffusion agar method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The diameter of inhibition zone was measured and their antimicrobial potential was compared with two common antibiotics: gentamicin and rifampin. The concentration of about 1000 μg/mL of MBT-MMT showed antibacterial performance equal to 250 μg/mL of rifampin. Also, 1000 μg/mL of this material was required to inhibit the growth for important bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - High Catalytic Ability of Fe3O4/EDTA Magnetic Nanocatalyst in Comparison with Various Deep Eutectic Solvents for One-Pot Synthesis of 4H-Pyrans
hossein tavakol Dana ShahabiIn this work, various 3-cyano-4-aryl-4H-pyran derivatives were prepared efficiently through a one-pot, multicomponent synthesis between aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile and acetophenone derivatives or ethyl acetoacetate using Fe3O4/EDTA magnetic nanocatalyst and ethanol MoreIn this work, various 3-cyano-4-aryl-4H-pyran derivatives were prepared efficiently through a one-pot, multicomponent synthesis between aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile and acetophenone derivatives or ethyl acetoacetate using Fe3O4/EDTA magnetic nanocatalyst and ethanol as solvent. The reactions were completed at room temperature in 10 min using 5 mg of catalyst and 2 mL of solvent to prepare 1 mmol of the product. The employed catalyst is consisted of magnetite nanoparticles core, which coated with EDTA to modify its surface and prevent the aggregation. In addition, the catalytic abilities of different deep eutectic solvents (DESs) such as choline chloride/tin (II) chloride, choline chloride/zinc chloride and choline chloride/urea were compared with the nanomagnetic catalyst via this synthesis. The nanomagnetic catalyst showed higher ability in comparison with various DESs for the title reaction. The employed nanomagnetic catalyst has been recycled 4 time without important loss of its activity which show its high efficiency and small leaching. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Preparation of CdIn2S4-CdS nanocomposite via a green route and using them in dot-sensitized solar cells for boosting efficiency
Mehdi Mousavi-KamazaniThere are a few reports on the composites of CuInS2-Cu2S, AgInS2-Ag2S, and CdIn2S4-CdS and this can have various reasons such as reporting no suitable method to synthesize their composites, lack of knowledge about their amazing properties and pay too much attention to p MoreThere are a few reports on the composites of CuInS2-Cu2S, AgInS2-Ag2S, and CdIn2S4-CdS and this can have various reasons such as reporting no suitable method to synthesize their composites, lack of knowledge about their amazing properties and pay too much attention to pure materials. In this work In2S3 and CdS nanoparticles were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method and then annealed at 500 °C for 2 h in an Ar gas until CdIn2S4(CdIS)-CdS nanocomposites were formed. The as-synthesized nanocomposite was extensively characterized by XRD, EDS, SEM and DRS. The obtained XRD results show that for synthesizing CdIS-CdS nanocomposite without oxide impurities, the presence of argon gas is required. Afterwards, efficiency of the as-synthesized CdIS-CdS nanocomposite in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) was evaluated. For this purpose, the as-prepared CdIS-CdS nanocomposites were deposited on TiO2 by doctor’s blade technique and electrophoresis deposition was used for fabrication of TiO2 layer on the FTO glass substrate. Using CdIS-CdS nanocomposite led to obtaining 1.71% cell efficiency that in comparison with pure CdS (0.97%) and CdIn2S4 nanoparticles (95%), efficiency improvements of 76% and 80% were respectively achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Dynamics and Separation-based Adsorption of Binary Mixtures of CH4, CO2 and H2S on MIL-47: GCMC and MD Studies
Abbas Shahsavani Zohreh Ahadi Vahid Sokhanvaran Maryam Taghizadeh Mosfata Hadei Muhammad Shadman LakmehsariThis study aimed to investigate the adsorption of CH4, CO2, H2S at temperature of 298.15 K and pressure range of 0.1 to 30 atm, and compare the results with experimental data for MIL-47 using GCMC. The maximum CH4, CO2 and H2S adsorptions were 3.6, 10.45, and 12.57 mol. MoreThis study aimed to investigate the adsorption of CH4, CO2, H2S at temperature of 298.15 K and pressure range of 0.1 to 30 atm, and compare the results with experimental data for MIL-47 using GCMC. The maximum CH4, CO2 and H2S adsorptions were 3.6, 10.45, and 12.57 mol.kg-1, respectively. In addition, the selectivity for binary mixtures of CH4/CO2 and CH4/H2S was calculated. The results for CH4/CO2 mixtures at 10 atm showed that: 1) MIL-47 only adsorbed CO2 in a 0.05 CH4/ 0.95 CO2 mixture, and 2) by increasing the mole fraction of CH4, the selectivity toward CO2 decreased. The results for H2S/CH4 mixture at 10 atm showed that: 1) H2S was adsorbed only in mole fractions of 0.95, 0.75, and 0.50 of H2S, and 2) the observed selectivity was about 132.7 and 63.2 at H2S mole fractions of 0.25 and 0.05, respectively. The MD simulations and RDF analyses were used to investigate 0.5 CH4/0.5 CO2 and 0.75 CH4/0.25 H2S mixtures. The results showed that the adsorption mostly occurs on the metallic part of MIL-47. We found that V and O atoms were the active adsorption sites in MIL-47. H2S and CH4 showed to have the highest and lowest levels of self-diffusions, respectively. The MD simulations were used to study the self-diffusion for mixtures across all mole fractions. In the binary mixture of 0.95 CO2/0.05 CH4, the maximum self-diffusion was 1.49×10-12 m2s-1 for CO2. The maximum self-diffusion for H2S in the mixture of 0.05 CH4/0.95 H2S was 2.62×10-10 m2s-1. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Preparation and Characterization of Curcumin-Silver Nanoparticle and Evaluation of the Effect of Poly Ethylene Glycol and Temperature
Parisa Adibzadeh Negar Motakef-KazemiIn this research, the silver nanoparticle (AgNP) was rapidly prepared by simple solution method within 1 hour at room temperature and 80 °C in the present and the absent poly ethylene glycol (PEG). The curcumin-silver nanoparticle was synthesized from silver nitrate as MoreIn this research, the silver nanoparticle (AgNP) was rapidly prepared by simple solution method within 1 hour at room temperature and 80 °C in the present and the absent poly ethylene glycol (PEG). The curcumin-silver nanoparticle was synthesized from silver nitrate as precursor and sodium bore hydrate as reduction in two conditions included water solvent and poly ethylene glycol in water solvent at room temperature as solution method and 80 °C as hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for determination of functional groups, x-ray diffraction (XRD) for investigation of crystalline structure, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for definition of morphology and size, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for measuring of loading. The antibacterial activity of the samples was measured by agar diffusion method against Escherichia coli (E. coli) that affected silver nanoparticle and curcumin. Based on the results, curcumin-AgNP nanoparticle was developed potential for antibacterial application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Magnetic solid-phase extraction and Uv/vis Spectrophotometric determination of trace amount of Copper in vegetable and fruit samples after preconcentration of its Pentetate complex
Hojjat Veisi Fatemeh Parvizi Mohammad Reza AbdiCore-shell nanostructured Magnetite@polydopamine (Fe3O4@PDA) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized and was characterized by FT-IR, TEM, FE-SEM, XRD, EDX, Raman Spectroscopy, VSM and Zeta potential. The effects of different parameter on the sorption of complex MoreCore-shell nanostructured Magnetite@polydopamine (Fe3O4@PDA) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized and was characterized by FT-IR, TEM, FE-SEM, XRD, EDX, Raman Spectroscopy, VSM and Zeta potential. The effects of different parameter on the sorption of complex copperpentetate (CuDTPA) on Fe3O4@PDA were investigated by using Box-Behnken design for Spectrophotometric determination of trace amount of Copper in vegetable and fruit samples after preconcentration of its Pentetic complex. Under optimal experimental conditions, L.R., LOD and LOQ of Cu (II) was 2-700 µg.L-1, 0.0146 µg.L-1 and 0.0487 µg.L-1 respectively. The Preconcentration Factor 100 was obtained. Low relative standard deviations (RSD=0.7 %) for 10 replicates are achieved. The method was applied to the determination of trace amount of Cu (II) in food samples and the results showed that no significant difference between the proposed method and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy.Core-shell nanostructured Magnetite@polydopamine (Fe3O4@PDA) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized and was characterized by FT-IR, TEM, FE-SEM, XRD, EDX, Raman Spectroscopy, VSM and Zeta potential. The effects of different parameter on the sorption of complex copperpentetate (CuDTPA) on Fe3O4@PDA were investigated by using Box-Behnken design for Spectrophotometric determination of trace amount of Copper in vegetable and fruit samples after preconcentration of its Pentetic complex. Under optimal experimental conditions, L.R., LOD and LOQ of Cu (II) was 2-700 µg.L-1, 0.0146 µg.L-1 and 0.0487 µg.L-1 respectively. The Preconcentration Factor 100 was obtained. Low relative standard deviations (RSD=0.7 %) for 10 replicates are achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Solid state synthesis, crystal structure, evaluation of direct and indirect band gap energies and optimization of reaction parameters for As2Ni3O8 nanomaterials
Alireza Hakimyfard shahin khademinia masumeh rahimkhaniNanostructured As2Ni3O8 samples were synthesized via facile solid state reactions at 850 and 950 °C for 8h using As2O3, Ni(CH3COO)2.2H2O and Ni(NO3)2.6H2O raw materials. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique and fo MoreNanostructured As2Ni3O8 samples were synthesized via facile solid state reactions at 850 and 950 °C for 8h using As2O3, Ni(CH3COO)2.2H2O and Ni(NO3)2.6H2O raw materials. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique and fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The rietveld analyses showed that the obtained materials were crystallized well in monoclinic crystal structure with the space group P121/c1. The lattice parameters of the targets were about a = 5.76 Å, b = 9.54 Å and c = 10.18 Å with β = 92.95 °. It was found that nickel nitrate created a highly crystalline and pure As2Ni3O8 structure. However, nickel acetate created the target with lower purity and crystal phase growth; it produced the samples with smaller crystallite sizes. Reaction temperature changing showed that the parameter affected on the crystal growth of the obtained materials. The morphologies of the synthesized materials were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) technique. Ultraviolet-visible spectra showed that the synthesized As2Ni3O8 nanomaterials had strong light absorption in the ultraviolet - visible light region. The direct optical band gaps were 2.6 and 2.5 eV for S1 and S3, respectively. The data showed that the band gaps were decreased by increasing the reaction temperature. This is due to the increasing the crystallite sizes of the obtained materials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Solvent influence on the interaction of cis-PtCl2(NH3)2 complex and graphene: A theoretical study
Reza Fazaeli E Ebrahimi Mokarram H Aghaei K Zare Mohammad YousefiIn this investigation the interaction of cis-PtCl2(NH3)2 complex and graphene were investigated with MPW1PW91 method in gas and solvent phases. The solvent effect were examined by the self-consistent reaction field theory (SCRF) based on Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM MoreIn this investigation the interaction of cis-PtCl2(NH3)2 complex and graphene were investigated with MPW1PW91 method in gas and solvent phases. The solvent effect were examined by the self-consistent reaction field theory (SCRF) based on Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM). The selected solvents were chloroform, chlorobenzene, bromoethane, dimethyldisulfide, and dichloroethane. The solvent effect on the frontier orbital energy and HOMO-LUMO gap were studied. Negative value solvation energy of the between cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl2 …. graphene complex signifies the more stability of the complex in solution in compared to gas phase.The characterization of the interaction between two fragments was clarified with energy decomposition analysis (EDA). Pt-C(Graphene) and H(NH3)...C(Garaphen) interactions in the graphene … cis-PtCl2(NH3)2 complex were analyzed using quantum theory of atoms in molecules analysis (QTAIM). cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl2 and graphene fragments contribute in HOMO and LUMO of complex, respectively.In the basis of QTAIM analysis, the characteristics of the Pt…C(Graphene) and H(NH3)… C(Graphene) interactions was intermediate between closed-shell and shared interactions.EDA and structural parameters predict stronger interaction between cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl2 and graphene in gas phase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Recent Advancement in monolithic refractories via application of Nanotechnology “A review”
salamn ghasemi hassan gheisari ali nematiAbstract:In recent years, the use of nanotechnology (nano-particles, nanomaterial, nano-additives and nano- structured materials) has attracted attention of scholars, engineers and scientists in all scientific fields such as chemistry, medicine, material, agriculture, e MoreAbstract:In recent years, the use of nanotechnology (nano-particles, nanomaterial, nano-additives and nano- structured materials) has attracted attention of scholars, engineers and scientists in all scientific fields such as chemistry, medicine, material, agriculture, electronic etc. The use of nanotechnology has also become widespread in the refractory products (which mainly used in various industries such as steel, casting, cement, glass etc.). Therefore, the effect of using different types and contents of nanomaterials (oxides and non-oxides) as well as the control of microstructure has been evaluated by many researchers on the properties of shaped (bricks) and un-shaped (monolithic) refractory products. The obtained results were very promising and satisfactory. One of the most consumable refractory products in various industries is monolithic refractories, which has been widely used because of their great benefits to the other refractories products (bricks). In this paper, recent advances in monolithic refractories by using the finding of nanotechnology are presented. This article can be considered as guidance for researchers, students to gain easy access to experimental results obtained by different research group using nanotechnology and nano materials in monolithic refractories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Exclusion of heavy cations from wastewater using activated carbon/NiFe2O4 nanocomposite prepared via co-precipitation method
mahdi ranjeh Mehdi Mousavi-KamazaniNano-sized NiFe2O4 is one type of ferrite that has been studied extensively. It shows peculiar structural and magnetic properties. Small particle size promotes a mixed spinel structure whereas the bulk form is an inverse spinel. As far as the magnetic properties of thes MoreNano-sized NiFe2O4 is one type of ferrite that has been studied extensively. It shows peculiar structural and magnetic properties. Small particle size promotes a mixed spinel structure whereas the bulk form is an inverse spinel. As far as the magnetic properties of these materials are concerned, spin glass like behavior can be considered as the most interesting property that leads to high field irreversibility, shift of the hysteresis loops, and anomalous relaxation dynamics. First, crystalline NiFe2O4 powder was synthesized on a nanoscale dimension by a simple one-step co-precipitation chemical route, and then used to produce activated carbon/NiFe2O4 nanocomposite. The structure and morphology of the as-prepared composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Eventually, the as-prepared composite was used for exclusion of heavy cations from wastewater in different conditions. A significant absorption capacity (250 mg g-1) showed that this nanocomposite could be useful for the removal of heavy cations from wastewater. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements: effective techniques to characterize therapeutic nanoparticles
Abbas Rahdar nooshin amini Fazeh Askari Md. Abu Bin Hasan SusanParticle size and surface charge are key parameters of nanoparticles (NPs), especially therapeutic NPs, to influence the kinetics in vivo and interaction with the cellular and biological membranes and decide the efficacy for biological systems. Characterization of nanom MoreParticle size and surface charge are key parameters of nanoparticles (NPs), especially therapeutic NPs, to influence the kinetics in vivo and interaction with the cellular and biological membranes and decide the efficacy for biological systems. Characterization of nanomaterials including both nanoparticles and micelles has therefore been a major issue in nanomedicine research to develop well-defined nano-formulations with focus on therapeutic goals. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential (ZP) measurements are widely accepted techniques for proper determination of the particle size and surface charge of therapeutic NPs. These have so far been easy, simple, and reproducible tools. However, there are challenges to interpret and systematically analyze data effectively due to lack of adequate understanding of the principles involved and impeccable background for operation of the system along with competence of sample preparation and characterization and so on. This review addresses the issues with focus on the fundamental principles involved in the techniques of DLS and ZP. The ultimate goal has been development of knowledge–base with a view to better analyzing and interpreting results for evaluation of hydrodynamic size, diffusion, inter particular interactions and stability of colloidal systems based on surface charge of therapeutic NPs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Parameters Affecting the Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using the Aquatic Extract of Scrophularia striata and their Antibacterial Properties
Yousef Naserzadeh Niloufar Mahmoudi Elena pakina Imbia Wase Mohammad Heidari Alfred KhodaverdianGreen synthesis is a simple, low-cost, non-toxic, environmentally friendly and efficient approach to use. Leaf extract of plants rich in polyphenols, such as flavonoids, is a powerful agent in reducing the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. The purpose of this study is to MoreGreen synthesis is a simple, low-cost, non-toxic, environmentally friendly and efficient approach to use. Leaf extract of plants rich in polyphenols, such as flavonoids, is a powerful agent in reducing the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. The purpose of this study is to investigate the parameters affecting the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of Scrophularia striata plant and their antimicrobial activity. Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles was accomplished by the interaction of golden salt (HAuCl_4.3H_2 o) with aqueous extract of Scrophularia striata. In order to obtain uniform and spherical nanoparticles, the following parameters affecting the biosynthesis of nanoparticles were investigated and optimized by ultraviolet-spectrophotometric technique; golden salt concentration, extract volume, pH and reaction time. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique were also used to further characterize nanoparticles. Finally, the anti-bacterial properties of gold nanoparticles were investigated by disc diffusion method. The resulting absorption spectra exhibited strong peaks at 570 nm, which is a specific wavelength for gold nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy studies showed that the gold nanoparticles had a spherical shape with a mean diameter of 5-10nm, and the highest diameter of the growth inhibition zone was observed on the diameter of the hafnium bacteria (14mm). In this study, it was observed that, with the aid of Scrophularia striata aqueous extracts, a golden nanoparticle showed an antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - MXene-based Nanostructures for Water Splitting Process Using the Density Functional Theory
Alireza Rastkar Ebrahimzadeh Sima Rastegar Jaber Jahanbin SardroodiSolar energy reserving and conversion into usable chemical energy with semiconductor photocatalysts help a promising method to solve both energy and environmental issues. Green and efficient energy technologies are crucial where nanoscience could change the paradigm shi MoreSolar energy reserving and conversion into usable chemical energy with semiconductor photocatalysts help a promising method to solve both energy and environmental issues. Green and efficient energy technologies are crucial where nanoscience could change the paradigm shift from fossil fuels to renewable sources. One of the most attractive cases is solar energy utilization to earn electricity or chemical fuel based on semiconductor nanomaterials ability to function as photocatalysts promoting various oxidation and reduction reactions under sunlight. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted particular focus because of their charming properties. We report on a novel class of two-dimensional photocatalysts for hydrogen generation via water splitting. In this paper, by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, we investigated Hf2CO2 as two-dimensional transition metal carbides, referred to as MXene, to understand its photocatalytic properties. Using this method, we theoretically investigated the structural, electronic, and optical properties of MXene-based nanostructures such as Hf2CO2 that calculated using GGA-PBE and HSE06 functionals. The lattice constant for GGA-PBE functional for Hf2CO2 is 3.3592A°. The calculated band gaps for GGA-PBE and HSE06 functionals for two-dimensional Hf2CO2 MXene were 0.92 and 1.75 eV, respectively. This MXene-based nanostructure also exhibits excellent optical absorption performance. Hence, Hf2CO2 is a promising photocatalytic material. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - The preparation of chitosan-Ag nanocomposite for food packaging
hamid reza ghorbani sh fahimiThe present study was carried out to investigate the preparation of chitosan-Ag nanocomposite film for food packaging. Since chitosan is a suitable alternative to produce packaging films due to favorable factors such as biodegradability and abundance in the world theref MoreThe present study was carried out to investigate the preparation of chitosan-Ag nanocomposite film for food packaging. Since chitosan is a suitable alternative to produce packaging films due to favorable factors such as biodegradability and abundance in the world therefore in this study, Since chitosan is a suitable alternative to produce packaging films due to favorable factors such as biodegradability and abundance in the world, therefore in this study, it was prepared chitosan-Ag nanocomposite with antibacterial properties for food packaging by combining chitosan and Ag nanoparticles. The produced nanocomposite was characterized by XRD and FESEM. The antibacterial activity of produced film was measured in different concentrations of silver nitrate against E. coli and S. aureus. The results showed high antibacterial activity in chitosan-Ag chitosan. It was also found that with an increase in the concentration of Ag nanoparticles in the nanocomposite to 0.03, the ant antibacterial effects increased and then remained constant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Prefabricated Concrete Elements for the facade Industry with Nano cement composites containing silica fume, nano-silica and TiO2
Raheleh Rostami Sayedeh Fatemeh Khoshkalam Soleimandarabi Mehdi NezhadnaderiUsing mineral admixtures in cement composites as a way to improve their mechanical and durability properties is a common practice in concrete technology. Among them silica fume and nano-silica effectively influence the composite's early and long-term properties. Due to MoreUsing mineral admixtures in cement composites as a way to improve their mechanical and durability properties is a common practice in concrete technology. Among them silica fume and nano-silica effectively influence the composite's early and long-term properties. Due to the limited particle size distribution of nano and micro silica it is expected that the incorporation of some mineral additives with a size of greater than 500 nm may result in better mechanical and durability performance because of the filler effect. In this study, the effect of different percentages of TiO2 on mechanical properties of cement composites containing nano-silica and silica fume was investigated. Six designs were tested for compressive strength with respect to zero, 2.5 and 5 percent replacement of cement with TiO2. The addition of TiO2 has led to an increase in compressive strength. The best results from the sample with 2.5% TiO2 are obtained. This could be due to the effect of TiO2 particles filling. Comparison of SF3, SF2 and SF1 at 28 days of age showed that SF2 increased the compressive strength. This shows that TiO2 has a great potential for improving the mechanical properties of composite cement.The results showed that the addition of TiO2 had a positive effect on compressive strength. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Adsorption of ozone molecules on AlP-codoped stanene nanosheet: A density functional theory study
Amirali AbbasiDensity functional theory calculations were carried out to investigate the structural and electronic properties of the adsorption of O3 molecules on AlP-codoped monolayers to fully exploit the gas sensing capability of these two-dimensional materials. Various adsorption MoreDensity functional theory calculations were carried out to investigate the structural and electronic properties of the adsorption of O3 molecules on AlP-codoped monolayers to fully exploit the gas sensing capability of these two-dimensional materials. Various adsorption sites of O3 molecule on the considered nanosheets were examined in detail. The side oxygen atoms of the O3 molecule strongly bind to the tin atoms, and provide double contacting point between the nanosheet and O3 molecule. O3 adsorption on the Al-site of AlP-codoped structure is more favorable in energy than that on the pristine one. AlP-codoped stanene exhibits better semiconductor characteristics because of the band gap opening in the system. The total electron density plots show the charge distribution along the interacting side oxygen and tin atoms, which indicate the formation of chemical bonds between them. This formation of chemical bond was also evidenced by the projected density of states analysis. The large overlaps between the PDOS spectra of the oxygen and tin atoms exhibit the formation of chemical bonds between these atoms. The charge density difference calculations represent charge accumulation on the adsorbed O3 molecule. Our results thus suggest a theoretical basis for AlP-codoped stanene monolayer as efficient candidate for application in gas sensor devices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Simple solvothermal synthesis of a novel Er3+ and Nd3+ doped Sr2As2O7 nanomaterials and investigation of catalytic performance for synthesis of organic compounds
shahka Ekhtiyari leila kafi ahmadi shahin khademiniaDoping some lanthanide ions into Sr2As2O7 crystal system is reported for first time by a simple solvothermal method using Sr(NO3)2, As2O3, Er2O3 and Nd2O3 compounds. Characterization of the as-synthesized nanomaterials is done by powder X-ray (PXRD) analysis. Rietveld a MoreDoping some lanthanide ions into Sr2As2O7 crystal system is reported for first time by a simple solvothermal method using Sr(NO3)2, As2O3, Er2O3 and Nd2O3 compounds. Characterization of the as-synthesized nanomaterials is done by powder X-ray (PXRD) analysis. Rietveld analysis data confirmed that the synthesized materials were crystallized in a mixture of three crystal phases. FESEM images revealed that dopant ion type had a considerable effect on the morphology of the final product. The data showed that the morphology of the synthesized materials were comb-like structure and particle. Direct band gap energy (Eg) of the materials obtained using ultraviolet-visible spectra showed that the Eg was about 3.5 eV. The synthesized nanomaterials were used as catalyst in the Biginelli reactions. The data confirmed that the materials could behave as Lewis acid catalyst in the reactions. The catalytic performance of the synthesized sample was 92% when the catalyst amount was 0.03 g, reaction temperature was 90 °C and the reaction time was 100 min. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - PVA and EDTA grafted superparamagnetic Ni doped iron oxide nanoparticles prepared by constant current electrodeposition for biomedical applications
Mustafa Aghazadeh Isa Karimzadeh Mohammad Reza GanjaliIn this paper, a rapid and room temperature electrochemical method is introduced for preparation of Ni doped iron oxide nanoparticles (Ni-IONs) grafted with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). EDTA/Ni-IONs and PVA/Ni-IONs samples were pre MoreIn this paper, a rapid and room temperature electrochemical method is introduced for preparation of Ni doped iron oxide nanoparticles (Ni-IONs) grafted with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). EDTA/Ni-IONs and PVA/Ni-IONs samples were prepared through base electro-generation on the cathode surface from aqueous solution of iron(II) chloride, iron(III) nitrate and nickel chloride salts with EDTA/PVA additive. Uniform and narrow particle size Ni-IONs with an average diameter of 15 nm was achieved. Ni doping into the crystal structure of synthesized IONs and also surface grafting with EDTA/or PVA were established through FT-IR and EDAX analyses. The saturation magnetization values for the resulting EDTA/Ni-IONs and PVA/Ni-IONs were found to be 38.03 emu/g and 33.45 emu/g, respectively, which proved their superparamagnetic nature in the presence of applied magnetic field. The FE-SEM observations, XRD and VSM data confirmed the suitable size, crystal structure and magnetic properties of the prepared samples for uses in biomedical aims Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Synthesis of TiO2 nanorods with a microwave assisted solvothermal method and their application as dye-sensitized solar cells
Hossein Rezvani Nikabadi Saeed KhosroababdiIn this work, Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures have been synthesized via a microwave assisted solvothermal method using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Ascorbic Acid (AA) in ethanol. The mole ratio of PVP/AA was found to be critic MoreIn this work, Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures have been synthesized via a microwave assisted solvothermal method using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Ascorbic Acid (AA) in ethanol. The mole ratio of PVP/AA was found to be critical in determining the morphology and crystal phase of the final product. PVP/AA mole ratio was varied from 1 up to 15 to obtain different morphologies of TiO2. The structural analysis by XRD diffraction confirmed formation of titanium dioxide. The Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis was used to study the individual contributions of crystallite sizes and lattice strain on the peak broadening of the TiO2 nanoparticles. FTIR spectrum was used to estimate the various functional groups present in the nanostructures. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images demonstrated nanoparticle, short nanorod, and long nanorods for 5, 10 and 15 mole ratio of PVP/AA respectively. TiO2 nanoparticles and nanorods have been used as photoelectrode in dye-synthesized solar cell (DSSCs) fabrication. The efficiencies of solar cells were calculated 3.23% and 4.01% for nanoparticles and nanorods, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Adsorption of phosgene on Al12N12 nanocluster: Quantum chemical study
A Amiri Reza Ghiasi Karim Zare Reza FazaeliThis study investigated the adsorption of phosgene gas on Al12N12 nano-cluster with using CAM-B3LYP functional. Six possible isomers of the interaction between Al12N12 nano-cluster and phosgene were considered. The interactions between nano-cluster and phosgene were exa MoreThis study investigated the adsorption of phosgene gas on Al12N12 nano-cluster with using CAM-B3LYP functional. Six possible isomers of the interaction between Al12N12 nano-cluster and phosgene were considered. The interactions between nano-cluster and phosgene were examined through energy decomposition analysis (EDA). Charge transfer between fragments were illustrated with electrophilicity-based charge transfer (ECT). Thermodynamics parameters of the interaction between of nano-cluster and phosgene gas were calculated. The temperature and pressure effects on the thermodynamic parameters were illustrated.Computational investigation of the adsorption behavior of phosgene on Al12N12 cage revealed e-isomer was most stable isomer in between the studied isomers. The calculated Ecoh values showed that e-isomer was most stable isomers. The larger HOMO-LUMO gap value in the e-isomer of Al12N12… COCl2 rather than Al12N12 cage showed that COCl2 adsorption meaningfully increase this value. Therefore, we believe that the Al12N12 may be a suitable nanoscale carrier for COCl2 gas. The positive value of ECT revealed charge flow from Al12N12 to COCl2 gas. Thermodynamics analysis showed that easy adsorption under lower temperature and higher pressure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Preclinical Evaluation of Silver-Curcumin Nanogel: A complete Assessment on a New Topical Antimicrobial Formulation for Burn Healing
Sepideh Arbabi BidgoliNanosilver and nanocurcumin are popular nonmaterial with increasing public attention but their synergistic therapeutic potentials in burns have never been considered. Present study aimed to provide a novel formulation from both nanomaterials (Ag – Curcumin NPs) and cond MoreNanosilver and nanocurcumin are popular nonmaterial with increasing public attention but their synergistic therapeutic potentials in burns have never been considered. Present study aimed to provide a novel formulation from both nanomaterials (Ag – Curcumin NPs) and conduct their preclinical evaluation for burn healing. After evaluation of particle size, loading efficiency, release profile and morphology of manufactured nanoparticles by TEM and DLS techniques , a 14 days skin irritation and corrosion test on Albino rabbits was performed based on OECD 404 guideline . Ames Mutagenicity test was performed on 4 strains of Salmonella Typhymurium after MIC and MBC adjustments in different doses. For clinical efficacy, skin burn model was designed and applied in rats by providing limited standard 3rd degree burns at the back of each rabbit. Manufacture lyophilized spherical nanoparticles in the range of 20- 38 nm, with low zeta potential didn't show any significant size enlargement. The nanogel was also considered as a nonirritant and non-corrosive formulation after short term and long term dermal applications (>72 hrs.) .No mutagenic effects were also identified in all strains in the test samples of Ag - Curcumin NPs (Mutation Index=0.08-0.27). This study clearly showed the safety of Ag – Curcumin NPs nanogel in low concentrations with small dimension (16-32µg/ml). Due to the safety of proposed formulation and increased rate of wound healing by Ag- Curcumin nanogel in comparison to both control groups, this combinational formulation could be considered as a safe and effective candidate for further clinical applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Survey and Evaluation of Diopside Nanostructure (DSN) Bioactivity in Biomedical Application
hassan gheisariDiopside (DS) is a monoclinic pyroxene mineral with composition MgCaSi2O6. Lately,diopside (DS) has been introduced as a bioceramics due to its best bioactivity and biocompatibility. It has a good strength and toughness than those of hydroxyapatite (HT). In this project MoreDiopside (DS) is a monoclinic pyroxene mineral with composition MgCaSi2O6. Lately,diopside (DS) has been introduced as a bioceramics due to its best bioactivity and biocompatibility. It has a good strength and toughness than those of hydroxyapatite (HT). In this project, bioactivity of diopside (DS) powder were evaluated and investigated. For synthesized of diopside (DS) powder, magnesium (Mg), calcite (CaCO3) and nano silicium (SiO2) powders was mechanically activate for different times. After that, the prepared powders were blended with ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and put on various temperatures. In this part, for survey of bioactivity evaluation, the obtained dioside (DS) powders were pressed and immersed in Kukobo solution (SBF)The results indicated that nano-struacture diopside powder with crystalline size is 40 nm. The apatite formation ability,bioactivity and good mechanical behavior make it a good candidate in bone implant materials and open new insights in biomedical applications. In sum up, our findings indicated that nanostructure diopside (DS) bio-ceramic is bioactive and might make an good candidate for biomedical purposes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Facile Synthesis of Pd/Cu2O Octahedral with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity and Its Application of Degradation of Direct Red 278
Mahboubeh Sepahvand Reza Fazaeli Saeed Jameh-Bozorghi Al NiaziIn this study, copper oxide (Cu2O) particles were synthesized by octahedral shape and then were loaded with palladium (Pd). Cu2O and Pd/Cu2O, which was prepared by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/ Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), MoreIn this study, copper oxide (Cu2O) particles were synthesized by octahedral shape and then were loaded with palladium (Pd). Cu2O and Pd/Cu2O, which was prepared by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/ Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) methods, was identified. Degradation of Direct Red 278 (DR 278) was investigated by Cu2O and, Pd-Cu2O octahedral. The photocatalytic activity of Cu2O was improved by the loaded Pd. The effect of factors such as pH, time (min), mass of catalyst (g) and concentration (mg/L) was evaluated by central composite design (CCD). Among the factors, pH, mass of catalyst, concentration and time have been affected the degradation process, respectively. The highest efficiency of dye degradation was obtained at optimum conditions with pH = 2.95, mass of catalyst 0.11 (g), concentration 177.56 (mg/L) and time 11.02 (min), 99.99%. Based on the results, Pd/Cu2O octahedral is a very effective catalyst for the destruction of textile effluents. The kinetic study results indicated that pseudo first-order has a good agreement with the experimental data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Employing α-Fe2O3 /Mn2P2O7 as a nano photocatalyst for degradation of toluene in aqueous environment
Sajjad Mafi Kazem MahanpoorThe existence of different resistant organic pollutants especially toxic organic aromatics such as Toluene in aquatic environments has become a significant environmental matter in recent years. In this paper, α-Fe2O3 Nano-spheres are immobilized on the surface of Mangan MoreThe existence of different resistant organic pollutants especially toxic organic aromatics such as Toluene in aquatic environments has become a significant environmental matter in recent years. In this paper, α-Fe2O3 Nano-spheres are immobilized on the surface of Manganese Pyrophosphate (Mn2P2O7) support using Forced Hydrolysis and Reflux Condensation (FHRC) method. Products were characterized by FTIR, SEM, BET EDX, and XRD. The photocatalytic activity of α-Fe2O3/Mn2P2O7 was investigated for the removal of Toluene in aqueous solution by UV/H2O2 system. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements were used to determine the amount of Toluene removal. The experiments were designed based on four affecting variables including pH, catalyst content, initial Toluene concentration and H2O2 at three levels using Box-Behnken experimental design. The results of this study showed that α-Fe2O3/Mn2P2O7 as a new photo catalyst has a higher photocatalytic activity than α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Based on the achieved results, the maximum degradation efficiency was 97.14% in optimal conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Synthesis of Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Antibiotics as Drug Carriers and the Study of Antibacterial Activity
hamid reza ghorbani m golmohamadi m otadiIn recent years, there is a lot of interest to synthesis of nanostructures as carriers for drug delivery. These structures are considered as a highly effective drug delivery system due to controlling drug release, protecting the pharmaceutical molecule, and environmenta MoreIn recent years, there is a lot of interest to synthesis of nanostructures as carriers for drug delivery. These structures are considered as a highly effective drug delivery system due to controlling drug release, protecting the pharmaceutical molecule, and environmentally friendly. In this study, the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles was carried out by chemical method. The nanoparticles size was measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Also, it was used from atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), FTIR and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to confirm the loading of antibiotic onto nanoparticles and to calculate the percentage of the drug loaded. In addition, it was used from clarithromycin as antibiotic. The antibacterial activity was studied by the disc-diffusion method and the effect of different co The antibacterial activity was studied ncentrations of drug in nano-carriers was investigated and it was determined the optimum antibacterial activity of drug nanocarrier was happened in concentration 0.6 gr/10 ml. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Electrodeposition of anionic, cationic and nonionic surfactants and gold nanoparticles onto glassy carbon electrode for catechol detection
Soheila Kashanian Maryam Nazari Rezvan MohammadiThree surfactants were selected to modify glassy carbon electrode including sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, Tween 80 and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The obtained nano-Au/surfactant/GCEs were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical techniq MoreThree surfactants were selected to modify glassy carbon electrode including sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, Tween 80 and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The obtained nano-Au/surfactant/GCEs were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical techniques. Electrochemical behavior of catechol at the nano-Au/surfactant/GCE was thoroughly investigated for modified electrodes. Compared to the unmodified electrode, the peak current obviously increased and the oxidation and reduction peaks potential shifted to the negative and positive potential area, respectively, meaning the peak potential separation is reduced. These changes indicated that the composite nanoparticles possess good electrocatalytic performance on the electrochemical reaction of catechol. The experimental results revealed that the nanoparticle modified electrodes have good performances for catechol sensing, which including convenient fabrication, low detection limits and wide linear ranges. These merits of this sensing system provide high potential to apply in environmental monitoring. In addition, kinetic parameters of catechol redox reaction were determined and the number of electrons was obtained two for the three modified electrodes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Effect of growth time on ZnO thin films prepared by low-temperature chemical bath deposition on PS substrate
Reza Shabannia Nima NaderiZnO thin films were successfully synthesized on a porous silicon (PS) substrate by chemical bath deposition method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and photoluminescence (PL) analyses were carried out to investigate the eff MoreZnO thin films were successfully synthesized on a porous silicon (PS) substrate by chemical bath deposition method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and photoluminescence (PL) analyses were carried out to investigate the effect of growth duration (3, 4, 5, and 6 h) on the optical and structural properties of the aligned ZnO nanorods. The small FWHM and stronger diffraction intensity of growth times of 5 h mean the better crystal quality of ZnO thin films compared to others. The grain size of the ZnO thin films gradually increased with increased the growth time. The FESEM images show that the thickness of ZnO thin films increased with increase of the growth time. Photoluminescence measurements showed that there was a sharp and highly intense UV emission peak when growth time was 5 h. The structural and optical investigations revealed that the ZnO thin films grown on the PS substrate with growth time of 5 h had high structural and optical quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Optimization of nitrate removal from aqueous solutions using clinoptilolite /CoFe2O4 by surface response methodology
Azadeh Houshangi Mohammad Yousefi Saeed Jamehbozorgi reza GhiasiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of clinoptilolite modified with magnetic CoFe2O4nanoparticles as an adsorbent in the removal of nitrate from aqueous solutions. Clinoptilolite and clinoptilolite/CoFe2O4werecharacterized by X-ray diffraction (X MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of clinoptilolite modified with magnetic CoFe2O4nanoparticles as an adsorbent in the removal of nitrate from aqueous solutions. Clinoptilolite and clinoptilolite/CoFe2O4werecharacterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The average particle size calculated by the Debye–Scherrer for clinoptilolite and clinoptilolite/CoFe2O4 were about 31 nm and 42 nm, respectively.Based on the (SEM) results,the average particle size was comparable with the Debye Scherrer calculated crystallite size. BET shows that the surface area increased from 18.42 to 25.95 m2 g-1 by the modified clinoptilolite surface. The clinoptilolite/CoFe2O4 has saturation magnetization 0.97 emu/g.Thenitrate adsorption capacity was evaluated by clinoptilolite and clinoptilolite/CoFe2O4.Based on the results, the adsorption capacity of the clinoptilolite/CoFe2O4had a higher adsorption capacity than the unmodified clinoptilolitewhich can be attributed to its higher surface area.The effect of different variables on the nitrate removal process, such as temperature, time and mass of adsorbent, was optimized using the surface response methodology (RSM) with the Box-Behnken(BBD) method. The study showed that the maximum removal percentage of nitrate was 97.03% at 55 °C, 40.36 h, and 0.27 g mass of adsorbent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Aloe Vera gel extract and sunlight mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles with highly effective antibacterial and anticancer activity
Noha Mohamed Hossam ElmasryIn this study, a single-step method for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Aloe Vera gel extract and sunlight was investigated. The Aloe Vera gel extract is composed of pectins, lignin, and hemicellulose, which can be used in the reduction of silver ions to p MoreIn this study, a single-step method for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Aloe Vera gel extract and sunlight was investigated. The Aloe Vera gel extract is composed of pectins, lignin, and hemicellulose, which can be used in the reduction of silver ions to produce colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-AV). The preliminary preparation of silver nanoparticles was observed by an immediate color change to brown. The prepared silver nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential measurements. Additionally, the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of AgNPs-AV was tested. Results indicated the formation of stable spherical 90±40nm with a strong absorption peak appears between 400 and 500 nm. 28.7 ±0.781% of breast cancer cells survived after incubation with AgNPs-AV invitro for 72 hrs. In addition to AgNPs-AV inhibited the growth of the most important human skin pathogens (candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus). The largest inhibition zone was observed for candida albicans. This method for synthesis is very fast, produces spherical colloidal silver nanoparticles having an excellent antioxidant activity, high anticancer therapeutic index and very promising antibacterial activity. This greenly synthesized nano-formulation has a great potential to be explored in many different aspects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Distribution and Grain Size Support-Dependent Catalytic Properties of Iridium Nanoparticles
Zahra Amirsardari Akram Dourani Mohamad Ali Amirifar Nooredin Ghadiri Massoom Babak AfzaliThe catalytic reaction of iridium nanoparticles was carried out over gamma-alumina granules to investigate the factors controlling the catalytic activities. The evaluation of iridium nanoparticle activity in the laboratory reactor was done for support grains with differ MoreThe catalytic reaction of iridium nanoparticles was carried out over gamma-alumina granules to investigate the factors controlling the catalytic activities. The evaluation of iridium nanoparticle activity in the laboratory reactor was done for support grains with different diameter between 1 mm to 4 mm. The characterization of three iridium catalysts was evaluated by XRD, FESEM and EDX before and after catalytic activity. The rate of hydrazine decomposition increased to 306 h-1 with the better distribution of nanoparticles, regardless of the grain size of catalyst support, whereas the hydrazine decomposition rate was larger for smaller supported catalyst. The probability of hydrazine monohydrate molecules in contact with active sites becomes higher and the movement of reactants and gas products will be easy inside and outside the pores, leading to the increase in reactivity. The rate of the hydrazine monohydrate decomposition and H2 selectivity decreased to 216 h-1 and 26% with the lower catalyst grains and the higher size of support along with worse distribution on the surface. The remarkable results of the results prove that support granule size is a dominant factor in the catalytic decomposition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Preparation of antibacterial coating film using ZnO nanoparticles and epoxy resin
hamid reza ghorbani shakiba amirsoleimaniThe production of antibacterial and antifungal nanocomposites is widely used in pharmaceutical, health, food, packaging and medicine industries. Meanwhile, epoxy coating film is one of the most commonly used protective coatings in industrial applications. In this work, MoreThe production of antibacterial and antifungal nanocomposites is widely used in pharmaceutical, health, food, packaging and medicine industries. Meanwhile, epoxy coating film is one of the most commonly used protective coatings in industrial applications. In this work, ZnO nanoparticles were first synthesized at three different concentrations. UV-Vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis were used to study the nanoparticles properties. The results showed that nanoparticles were synthesized with a mean size of 46 nm at 0.01 M zinc sulfate. Then, the nanoparticles were mixed with epoxy at three concentrations and finally ZnO/epoxy nanocomposite were prepared. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the existence and size of nanoparticles in epoxy film. The disk diffusion method was used to study the antibacterial activity of ZnO-epoxy nanocomposites against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The results exhibited that the optimum antibacterial activity was in nanocomposite films with concentration 0.01 M of zinc sulfate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Electrospinning Nanofibers Gelatin scaffolds: Nanoanalysis of properties and optimizing the process for tissue engineering functional
mohammad jalili abolfazl mozaffari mazeyar gashti masoud parsaniaElectrospinning has been recognized as an efficient and simple technique for the fabrication of polymer nanofibers for biofunctionals. Recently, various polymers have successfully been electrospun into ultrafine fibers. Electrospinning is an extremely promising method f MoreElectrospinning has been recognized as an efficient and simple technique for the fabrication of polymer nanofibers for biofunctionals. Recently, various polymers have successfully been electrospun into ultrafine fibers. Electrospinning is an extremely promising method for the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, nanofibers gelatin was electrospun at 20% v/v optimized content. To produce gelatin nanofibers optimally, production parameters need to be investigated. In the electrospinning, device (voltage and distance) parameters were determined to be effective; as a result, these parameters were researched and the influences of electrospinning device parameters (voltage & distance) on properties of gelatin nanofibers were evaluated. These parameters affected the diameter size, uniformity, hydrophilicity and thermal degradation of electrospun gelatin nanofibers. All of these properties were examined by SEM, FTIR, CA, BET, XRAY and TGA tests and finally optimum gelatin nanofibers can be used in many applications including cell culture, drug delivery and tissue engineering. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Development of a novel method for Copper sorption: an application of Taguchi Method
sharieh hosseini Arezoo GhadiAbstract- The aim of this study is to investigate application of polypyrrole/ polyaniline (PPy/PANI) nanofiber for Cu(II) sorption from paper mill wastewater. The tests and their optimization results were based on the experiments design in three levels of variables usin MoreAbstract- The aim of this study is to investigate application of polypyrrole/ polyaniline (PPy/PANI) nanofiber for Cu(II) sorption from paper mill wastewater. The tests and their optimization results were based on the experiments design in three levels of variables using Taguchi method. The results showed that in Copper removal tests, the pH of the solution was the most effective parameter on the sorption process and the highest Copper removal rate was achieved in acid condition. The adsorbent mass and contact time also had considerable effect (less than pH) on Copper removal in the Taguchi method. The effect of temperature on the sorption process was also studied and results showed that the temperature improved the Copper sorption. The adsorption percentage increased with the rise in temperature from 20 to 40 ◦C .The calculated amounts of thermodynamic parameters such as ∆H°(55.33KJ/mol) , ∆S°(0.209KJ/molK) and ∆G°(-7.4 ,-8.87,-11.31KJ/mol) showed that the adsorption of Copper on to nanofiber was feasible spontaneous and endothermic.Keywords: Polypyrrole/Polyaniline; Nano fiber; Paper mill wastewater; Experiment design, Taguchi Method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Improving photocatalytic properties of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O modified by PANI
sara poorarjmand Maryam Kargar Razi Ali Mahjoob Morteza khosraviIn this research, preparation of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O/PANI (polyaniline) (0.5%, 1% and 1.5% PANI) nano composites was performed by synthesis of pure polyaniline and adsorption of resulted organic chains on the structure of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O nano particles. The as-prepa MoreIn this research, preparation of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O/PANI (polyaniline) (0.5%, 1% and 1.5% PANI) nano composites was performed by synthesis of pure polyaniline and adsorption of resulted organic chains on the structure of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O nano particles. The as-prepared samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and BET techniques. According to the X-ray diffraction analysis, pure PANI has semi crystalline structure while all of the composites showed the characteristic peaks of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O with hexagonal wurtzite structure. The FTIR spectroscopy approved the interactions of PANI chains and Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O nano particles. Field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed amorphous structure of PANI and the spherical shape of nano composite. The BET analysis attributed the largest specific surface area of Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O/PANI (1% PANI) nano composite. The photocatalytic results showed that the dye can be effectively decolorized by Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O/PANI (1% PANI) nano composite. The enhancement of photocatalytic performance is due to the decrease of specific surface area and the high separation efficiency of photo-induced electron-hole pairs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Copper oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, optical property and its application for the removal of methyl green dye
Aliakbar Dehno KhalajiIn this paper, nanoparticles of copper oxide (CuO) were synthesized using solid-state thermal decomposition of new copper precursor at 600 ºC for 3 h. The copper precursor was prepared from the mixture of CuCl2.6H2O and benzoic acid in H2O at the presence of KOH. Nanopa MoreIn this paper, nanoparticles of copper oxide (CuO) were synthesized using solid-state thermal decomposition of new copper precursor at 600 ºC for 3 h. The copper precursor was prepared from the mixture of CuCl2.6H2O and benzoic acid in H2O at the presence of KOH. Nanoparticles of copper oxide were characterized by Fourier transform infer-red (FT-IR), UV-Vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). All results confirmed the preparation of pure phase of CuO nanoparticles. In addition, adsorption of methyl green in aqueous solution on copper oxide nanoparticles as adsorbent was studied at various parameters such as adsorbent dosage and agitation time. It was found that methyl green dye removal increased by adsorbent dosage (0-30 mg) and contact time (0-120 min) This research revealed that the copper oxide nanoparticles could be used as a suitable adsorbent for removal of various organics dyes from aqueous solutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Stress-strain behavior of two-layer graphene with different chirality
Mohsen Motamedi Amirhossein AghiliGraphene is a two-dimensional sheet containing carbon atoms arranged as a honeycomb lattice. Graphene has been recently the subject of much interest due to its unique mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. The experimental method for calculating the mechanical MoreGraphene is a two-dimensional sheet containing carbon atoms arranged as a honeycomb lattice. Graphene has been recently the subject of much interest due to its unique mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. The experimental method for calculating the mechanical properties of graphene is complex because of its nanoscale lateral dimension, so the use of the theoretical method for calculating the properties of monolayer graphene has also received much attention recently.In this study, two-layer graphene with two different chirality angles was modeled by molecular dynamics in LAMMPS software. In summary, this research involves producing the primary structure, balancing the sample, applying the axial tensile test, and extracting the stress-strain graph from the sample. The simulated graphene has a value of 102.2*100.8 Å and an interlayer distance is 3.4 Å.The results showed that as the number of sheets increased, the amount of Young's modulus was more than that of the single-layer graphene. In addition, the fracture strength of the two-layer armchair graphene is greater than the fracture strength of the two-layer zigzag graphene. Then, by increasing the chirality angle, the fracture strength decreases. Finally, it was shown that by increasing the chirality angle in two-layer graphene from 0 ° (armchair) to 30 ° (zigzag), the Young's modulus value increases, while by increasing the chirality angle in single-layer graphene from 0 ° to 30 °, the Young's modulus does not change significantly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Synergistic effects of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles and Paclitaxel combination on the DNA structure and their antiproliferative role on MDA-MB-231cells
Azadeh Hekmat Masoumeh Afrough Saeed Hesami Tackallou Faizan AhmadPurpose: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the synergistic effect of paclitaxel (PTX) combined with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) on DNA structure and to examine the proliferation of MDA-MB-231cells.Methods: This investigation performed with MorePurpose: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the synergistic effect of paclitaxel (PTX) combined with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) on DNA structure and to examine the proliferation of MDA-MB-231cells.Methods: This investigation performed with Ultraviolet spectroscopy, zeta potential investigation, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, ELISA reader and fluorescence spectroscopy. Results: The Ultraviolet results indicated that the structure of DNA in the presence of PTX and TiO2NPs (at a lower concentration) changed significantly rather than TiO2NPs or PTX alone. The fluorescence results exposed that PTX+TiO2NPs could form a complex via non-intercalative mechanism and the PTX+TiO2NPs affinity to DNA increased considerably. The thermodynamics parameters displayed that PTX+TiO2NPs interact with DNA strongly and in this interaction, the hydrophobic force plays an important role. The CD data confirmed that DNA structure was modified by PTX+TiO2NPs via a simple and reasonable mechanism: change in DNA conformation from B to C-form. The negative charge of DNA reduced strongly after addition of PTX+TiO2NPs. The anticancer property of PTX+TiO2NPs by MTT assay demonstrates that this combination can tremendously diminish the proliferation of MDA-MB-231cells compared to PTX or TiO2NPs alone.Conclusion: Based on this investigation TiO2NPs could enhance the affinity and binding of PTX (at a lower concentration) on DNA structure and PTX+NDs can promote mortality of MDA-MB-231 cells. This study can offer an innovative strategy for designing the ideal anti-tumor agents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Facile synthesis of Ni/NiO nanocomposites via thermal decomposition
Aliakbar Dehno Khalaji Gholamhossein Grivani Shaghayegh Izadi Mehdi EbadiIn this work, Ni/NiO nanocomposites have been prepared using simple, environment friendly and low-cost solid-state thermal decomposition method from mixture of nickel acetate tetrahydrate as a Ni precursor, 2-aminophenol and 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde at the molar rati MoreIn this work, Ni/NiO nanocomposites have been prepared using simple, environment friendly and low-cost solid-state thermal decomposition method from mixture of nickel acetate tetrahydrate as a Ni precursor, 2-aminophenol and 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde at the molar ratio 1:2:2 at 400 and 500C for 3 hours. The Ni/NiO nanocomposites were characterized with Fourier transformed infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-Ray fluorescence (XRF). The XRD and XRF results confirmed that the nanocomposite products contain a mixture of nickel and nickel oxide. The Ni or NiO content vary with the temperature used for the synthesis. Upon increasing the temperature from 400 to 500C, the amount of NiO was found to be increase, due to a complete oxidation of Ni to NiO. The TEM images confiemed that the composites were spherical in shape with a distribution size of about 10-30 nm. In addition, the products display reasonable electrochemical performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Nanophotocatalytic Desulfurization of Hydrophane 10 Base Oil of Tehran Refinery
Reza FazaeliSulfur-containing compounds are one of the most important oil pollutants. Environmental pollutions, because of hazards on human health, corrosion in pipelines, and other refinery and installments necessitate sulfur removal. In this research, Ni(8%)/TiO2/Zeolite NaX nano MoreSulfur-containing compounds are one of the most important oil pollutants. Environmental pollutions, because of hazards on human health, corrosion in pipelines, and other refinery and installments necessitate sulfur removal. In this research, Ni(8%)/TiO2/Zeolite NaX nanophotocatalyst was synthesized and evaluated as a desulfurizer catalyst from hydrophane 10 base oil. Various tests including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXA), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and BET/BJH were used to evaluate the photocatalyst synthesis process. Initially, using Design of Experiment (DOE) technique, optimum influential parameters were predicted, and 2D plus 3D diagrams were plotted. Then, 50 ml of oil containing 3782 ppm total sulfur, 0.6 g catalyst, 0.8 g adsorbent, and 3 h contact time were able to remove 20% of sulfur when exposed to the visible light. Sulfur was measured at all steps using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) technique. The final results suggested that the nanophotocatalytic process is a feasible way when compared to difficult and complicated steps with harder conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Influence of heat treatment on synthesis of stoichiometric perovskite PbTiO3 nanostructure via hydrothermal method
Sahebali ManafiIn this research, the stoichiometric perovskite lead titanate (PbTiO3) nanostructure was synthesized successfully by the hydrothermal method. The effect of heat treatment of the autoclave and the furnace on the structure of this material was investigated. Titanium dioxi MoreIn this research, the stoichiometric perovskite lead titanate (PbTiO3) nanostructure was synthesized successfully by the hydrothermal method. The effect of heat treatment of the autoclave and the furnace on the structure of this material was investigated. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) and lead oxide (PbO), lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) were used as the titanium and lead sources, respectively. The negative amount of the Gibbs free energy shows the reactivity of the reaction at room temperature. Characterization of PbTiO3 was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The amount of lead titanate increased by raising the temperature of the autoclave. The objective of this research was developing the hydrothermal method to produce the phase-pure lead titanate at lower temperatures; also the effect of the precursor materials and heat treatment on morphology and crystal grows the development of PbTiO3 nanopowders were investigated. There are not any secondary phases when the sample was calcined at high temperatures. It seemed that heating in the furnace in a longer period and higher temperatures could affect the size of the crystallites. The powder was heated at 1200 ℃ had the larger grains and the ferroelectric domains that may cause the lowering of the dielectric constant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - An insight to optical studies of acridine orange cationic dye within nanometer-sized microemulsions at fixed water content
Mousa Aliahmad Havva ESMAILZAEE Abbas Rahdar Bijan PaulCationic dye Acridine orange (AO) has wide applications especially in biological fields such as analysis of lysosomal and mitochondria content by flow cytometry and so on. In the current work, spectroscopy of acridine orange (AO) dye at both low concentrations (mdye/mw MoreCationic dye Acridine orange (AO) has wide applications especially in biological fields such as analysis of lysosomal and mitochondria content by flow cytometry and so on. In the current work, spectroscopy of acridine orange (AO) dye at both low concentrations (mdye/mwater=6.25*10-5, 3.12*10-5) and high concentrations (mdye/mwater=0.002, 0.001) was studied in confined water nanodroplets within water/AOT/n-hexane microemulsions (MEs) at a constant water content (W= [Water]/[AOT]=10) and as a function of mass fraction of droplet (MFD) using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The absorption spectra of the dye at high concentrations of Acridine orange (AO) dye molecules showed that the absorption spectra of the samples deviated from Beer's law, and are broadened at larger MFD due to the interactions of AO dye molecules. The fluorescence spectrum was investigated at two high concentrations (0.002, 0.001) and low concentrations (6.25*10-5, 3.12*10-5). At high concentration of the dye, quenching of fluorescence intensity was observed due to the accumulation of the dye molecules, coupled with a red shift with increasing MFD. However, in the lower concentration regime, enhancement of fluorescence intensity was observed with increasing MFD. The Stokes’ shift of the dye for both high and low concentrations increased with MFD, but to a greater extent at high concentrations compared to that at low concentrations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - A soft tissue fabricated using freeze-drying technique with carboxymethyl chitosan and nanoparticles for promoting effects on wound healing
Atiyeh Raisi Azadeh Asefnejad Maryam Shahali Zahra Doozandeh Bahareh Kamyab Moghadas Saeed Saber-Samandari Amirsalar KhandanMany people suffer from skin injuries due to various problems such as burns and accidents. Therefore, it is essential to shorten treatment time and providing strategies that can control the progression of the wound that would be effective in wound healing process and al MoreMany people suffer from skin injuries due to various problems such as burns and accidents. Therefore, it is essential to shorten treatment time and providing strategies that can control the progression of the wound that would be effective in wound healing process and also reduce its economic costs. Materials and Methods: The present study aimed to prepare a nanocomposite dressing (NCD) composed of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), and Fe2O3 nanoparticles by a method called freeze-drying (FD) technique. The biological response in the physiological saline was performed to determine the rate of degradation of NCD in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) for a specific time. Results & Discussion: The obtained results demonstrated that the wound dress was porous architecture with micron-size interconnections. In fact, according to the results, as the magnetite nanoparticles amount increases, the porosity increases too. On the other hand, the tensile strength was 0.32 and 0.85 MPa for the pure sample and the sample containing the highest percentage of magnetic nanoparticles, respectively. Besides, the cytotoxicity of this nanocomposite was determined by MTT assays for 7 days and showed no cytotoxicity toward the growth of fibroblasts cells and had proper in vitro biocompatibility. The obtained results revealed that NCD had remarkable biodegradability, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. Therefore, NCD composed of CMC and Fe2O3 nanoparticle was introduced as a promising candidate for wound healing applications. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the optimum NCD specimen with 5 wt% Fe2O3 has the best mechanical and biological properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Survey and Evaluation of Merwinite (MW) as a New Nanobioceramic Powder
hassan gheisariMerwinite (MW) Ca3Mg(SiO4)2, has been successfully prepared by a modified sol-gel method. Optimization in calcination temperature and mechanical milling resulted in a pure and nano-sized powder which characterized by means of X-RAY diffraction (XRD), scanning electron m MoreMerwinite (MW) Ca3Mg(SiO4)2, has been successfully prepared by a modified sol-gel method. Optimization in calcination temperature and mechanical milling resulted in a pure and nano-sized powder which characterized by means of X-RAY diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy (FT–IR). We hypothesized that nano-sized merwinite (MW) would mimic more efficiently the nanocrystal structure and function of natural bone apatite, owing to the higher surface area, compare to conventional micron-size merwinite (MW).Hence, we used the unique advantage of nano- biotechnology to improve novel nano merwinite (NMW) particles as a good candidate for tissue regeneration whether as a peri - implant filling powder or in combination with other biomaterials as a composite scaffold.In contrast micron-size particles with lower surface area, lack the potency of homogeneous absorption by osteoclasts and miss the unique advantage of nanotechnology for bioactivity and resorbability. Our study suggests that nanomerwinite (NMW) might be a potential candidate by itself as a nanobioceramic filling powder or in combination with other biomaterials as a composite scaffold in bone regeneration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - High efficient solar light photocatalytic degradation of malachite green by solid state synthesized Bi2Sn2O7 and Bi2MxSn2O7 ﴾M = Y3+, Eu3+, Gd3+ and Yb3+) nanomaterials
Ladan Roohandeh Alireza Hakimyfard Mohammad SamimifarNanostructured Bi2Sn2O7 and Bi2MxSn2O7 ﴾M = Y3+, Eu3+, Gd3+ and Yb3+) nanomaterials were synthesized by conventional one-step solid state crystal growth reactions among Bi(NO3)3, SnCl2 and M2O3 raw materials at 800 ̊C for 10 and 15 h. The doped nanomaterials were synthe MoreNanostructured Bi2Sn2O7 and Bi2MxSn2O7 ﴾M = Y3+, Eu3+, Gd3+ and Yb3+) nanomaterials were synthesized by conventional one-step solid state crystal growth reactions among Bi(NO3)3, SnCl2 and M2O3 raw materials at 800 ̊C for 10 and 15 h. The doped nanomaterials were synthesized to study the capacity of the crystal system to locate each of the dopant ions into the crystal system cavities. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique. Rietveld analysis showed that the obtained materials were crystallized well in orthorhombic crystal structure with the space group Aba2. The PXRD data revealed that dopant ion type had a considerable influence on the crystal phase purity of the obtained targets. The morphologies of the synthesized materials were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) technique. Ultraviolet-visible spectra analysis showed that the synthesized nanomaterials had strong light absorption in the ultraviolet light region. Photocatalytic performance of the synthesized nanomaterials was investigated for the degradation of pollutant Malachite Green under solar light condition. The optimum conditions were modeled and obtained by design expert software for Bi2Sn2O7 that was synthesized at 800 ̊C for 10 h which were 0.06 mL H2O2, 12 mg catalyst and 40 min for the removal of 50 mL of 40 ppm MG solution. The degradation yield in these conditions was 100 %. The photocatalytic degradation fitted to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic model. As a result of the model, the kinetic of degradation followed a pseudo-zero-order kinetic model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Co3O4/NiO@GQDs@SO3H nanocomposite as high performance catalyst for the preparation of pyrimidines
Hossein Shahbazi-Alavi Javad Safaei-Ghomi Ali Kareem AbbasCo3O4 / NiO @ GQDs @ SO3H nanocatalyst has been used as an effective catalyst for the preparation of 2,4-diamino-6-arylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives through a three-component reaction of malononitrile, aromatic aldehydes and guanidine hydrochloride under reflux MoreCo3O4 / NiO @ GQDs @ SO3H nanocatalyst has been used as an effective catalyst for the preparation of 2,4-diamino-6-arylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives through a three-component reaction of malononitrile, aromatic aldehydes and guanidine hydrochloride under reflux conditions in ethanol. The catalyst has been characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, BET, TGA, XPS and VSM. Atom economy, reusable catalyst, low catalyst loading, applicability to a wide range of substrates and high yields of products are some of the notable features of this protocol.The best results were gained in EtOH and we found that the reaction gave convincing results in the presence of Co3O4/NiO@GQDs@SO3H nanocomposite (4 mg) under reflux conditions. This green nanocatalyst could be used for other significant organic reactions and transformations. Further explorations of similar protocols are underway in our laboratory. This recoverable catalyst will provide a regular platform for heterogeneous catalysis, green chemistry, and environmentally benign protocols in the near future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Mechanosynthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of MgO@SiO2 Nanocomposite
Zaccheus Shehu Wilson Lamiyi Yakong Madugu Mela Yoro Sani AliyuMgO@SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized using mechanochemical method and its formation was confirmed by FTIR and Uv-visible spectroscopic techniques. The antibacterial effect of MgO@SiO2 nanocomposite was carriedout on bacterial isolates; gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus MoreMgO@SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized using mechanochemical method and its formation was confirmed by FTIR and Uv-visible spectroscopic techniques. The antibacterial effect of MgO@SiO2 nanocomposite was carriedout on bacterial isolates; gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneunoniae) and gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginasa, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi) using Agar well diffusion method. The results showed that MgO@SiO2 nanocomposite can find application as antibiotics against the investigated microbes. MgO@SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized using mechanochemical method and its formation was confirmed by FTIR and Uv-visible spectroscopic techniques. The antibacterial effect of MgO@SiO2 nanocomposite was carriedout on bacterial isolates; gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneunoniae) and gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginasa, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi) using Agar well diffusion method. The results showed that MgO@SiO2 nanocomposite can find application as antibiotics against the investigated microbes. MgO@SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized using mechanochemical method and its formation was confirmed by FTIR and Uv-visible spectroscopic techniques. The antibacterial effect of MgO@SiO2 nanocomposite was carriedout on bacterial isolates; gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneunoniae) and gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginasa, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi) using Agar well diffusion method. The results showed that MgO@SiO2 nanocomposite can find application as antibiotics against the investigated microbes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Adenine molecule interacting with golden nanocluster: A dispersion corrected DFT study
Ghazaleh Hashemkhani Malak Hekmati Masoud Darvish GanjiThe interaction between nanoparticles and biomolecules such as protein and DNA is one of the major instructions of nanobiotechnology research. In this study, we have explored the interaction of adenine nucleic base with a representative golden cluster (Au13) by using di MoreThe interaction between nanoparticles and biomolecules such as protein and DNA is one of the major instructions of nanobiotechnology research. In this study, we have explored the interaction of adenine nucleic base with a representative golden cluster (Au13) by using dispersion corrected density functional theory (DFT-D3) within GGA-PBE model of theory. Various active sites as and ways of approach as well as several affecting parameters on the interaction nature of interacting molecules such as adsorption energy, binding distance, solvent effect and, electronics structure were investigated. Our first-principles results indicated that adenine forms a stable complex with the golden cluster with interaction energy of –42.84 kcal/mol and binding distance of 2.139 Å. Charge transfer analysis with Hirshfeld approach demonstrated about 0.52 e was transferred from adenine to golden cluster skeleton. It was found from the obtained interaction parameters that there is strong interaction (chemisorption) between adenine and golden cluster. The type and strength of interaction have been also confirmed by hybrid functional B3LYP level of theory. This finding is very promising for potential medicinal and pharmaceutical applications of golden clusters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Application of response surface methodology for optimization of fluoride adsorption from aqueous solution using MgO-based nanocomposites
Abbas Rahdar Somayeh Rahdar laili Mohammadi Saiedeh Sistani Shabnam Ahmadi Md. Abu Bin Hasan SusanFluoride at high concentrations in water is detrimental to human health. To find an efficient means of removal of fluoride from aqueous system, we synthesized magnesium oxide (MgO)- based iron-cobalt-manganese (MgO-FCN ) nanocomposites via co-precipitation. Fluoride ads MoreFluoride at high concentrations in water is detrimental to human health. To find an efficient means of removal of fluoride from aqueous system, we synthesized magnesium oxide (MgO)- based iron-cobalt-manganese (MgO-FCN ) nanocomposites via co-precipitation. Fluoride adsorption process was optimized by standard software. The effect of independent parameters such as pH (3-11), initial dose of nanoparticle (0.02-0.1 g/L), initial concentration of fluoride (10-50 mg/L) and reaction time (30-180 min) were optimized to obtain the best responses of fluoride removal using statistical Central Composite Design (CCD) in the procedure of response surface modeling. The best conditions were optimized as pH=5, initial concentration of nanoparticle =0.05 g/L, initial concentration of fluoride =50 mg/L and the process time of 90 min. Under these conditions, the removal efficiency of the fluoride by MgO-based nanocomposites was achieved as 84.64%. High correlation coefficients for the proposed model was also obtained (adjusted R2=0.9993 and R2=0.9984). The equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. The Langmuir model was found to be describing the data best. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption followed a pseudo-second order reaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Synthesis of forsterite as a novel nano powder ceramic materials
hassan gheisari dehsheikhIn this project investigates the synthesis of single-phase nano crystalline forsterite powder by mechanical activation with subsequent annealing. To produce forsterite powder, a mixture of talc and magnesium oxide powders was first milled by a planetary ball mill, and t MoreIn this project investigates the synthesis of single-phase nano crystalline forsterite powder by mechanical activation with subsequent annealing. To produce forsterite powder, a mixture of talc and magnesium oxide powders was first milled by a planetary ball mill, and then annealed at 1000 and 1200 8C for 1 h. The synthesized powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The initial temperature of forsterite crystallization was reduced to about 825 8C after 20 h of mechanical activation. The forsterite powder synthesized by 5 h of mechanical activation with subsequent annealing at 1000 8C for 1 h had crystallites 40 n min size. The particle size of this sample was less than 500 nm.The crystallite size of the sample obtained was 40 nm, and its particle size was submicron. The powder can equally be obtained through 20–60 h of mechanical activation with subsequent annealing at 1200 8C for 1 h, which is useful for the construction of bulk samples where higher sintering temperatures are required. AAS analysis showed that the amount of Fe and Cr in the sample ball milled for 60 h were 0.4256% and 0.00365%, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The effect of slope and number of arms on the structural properties of square tower-like manganese thin films
Mahsa FakharpourIn this work, square tower-like manganese (STMn) thin films on glass substrates using were obtained using Glancing Angle Deposition “GLAD” technique. Three types of nanostructures are prepared with different number of arms and different slopes by placing a shadowing blo MoreIn this work, square tower-like manganese (STMn) thin films on glass substrates using were obtained using Glancing Angle Deposition “GLAD” technique. Three types of nanostructures are prepared with different number of arms and different slopes by placing a shadowing block at the center of the substrate holder. The structural characterization of the obtained thin films were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Results showed that the slope angle (), the grain size, porosity and surface roughness of the films decreases with increasing distance from the edge of the shadowing block (decreasing the slope of nanostructure). Structural properties of thin films were obtained using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The intensity of the main peak of STMn with 8 arms and 10 arms increases and STMn with 9 arms decreases with increasing the edge of the shadowing block. The results show that the strain on the nanostructures of the STMn with 8 arms and STMn with 10 arms decreases with increasing distance from the edge of the shadowing block due to the increase in the intensity of the main peak. While strain on the nanostructure of the STMn with 9 arms increases with increasing distance from the edge of the shadowing block. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The effect of adding different amount of spinning additives on preparation of nano Alumina fibers using a combined method of sol gel and electrospining
Fateme Mirjalili fyrozeh danafarAlumina nanofibers were produced using a combined method of sol-gel and electros pinning method. In this method, the sol was prepared by mixing of tri-isoproxide aluminum in aqueous solution onitric acid. Spinning aid such as: ethylene glycol-acid lactic and poly vinyl MoreAlumina nanofibers were produced using a combined method of sol-gel and electros pinning method. In this method, the sol was prepared by mixing of tri-isoproxide aluminum in aqueous solution onitric acid. Spinning aid such as: ethylene glycol-acid lactic and poly vinyl alcohol was added to the solution .The sol was then heated at 80 °C to obtain gel. Then, the resulting gel was converted into aluminum oxide nanofibers by electrospinning method. The nanofibers were dried at 60 °C for 24 h and finally sintered for 2 h at 1200 ° C. The results of XRD and FTIR showed that in all samples the dominant phase was the corundum phase. Finally, to decrease the sintering temperature, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate (MgN2O6 * 6H2O) and sodium ethoxylate (SiC8 H2o O4) were added to the sol containing 10% Polyvinyl alcohol. The results of XRD and FTIR indicated the presence of corundum phase when the sintering temperature of 1000°C was used. Accordingly, the energy consumption was reduced as the sintering temperature decreased about 200°C by adding the additives,. The results of SEM and TEM showed formation of non-agglomerated nano fibers with 41nm diameters at 1000°C when 10% polyvinyl alcohol and 2% sodium ethoxylate (SiC8 H20 O4) was added to the sol. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - An innovative method for estimating optimal Gate work function and dielectric constant of a nanoscale DG-TFET based on analytical modeling of tunneling length in ambipolar, Off and ON states
Ali Heydari Seyed Ali Sedigh Ziabari Fayzollah KhorramrouzIn this paper, we propose an innovative and low computational cost approach that can be used to find optimal values of parameters of a nanoscale dual gate tunneling field-effect transistor (DG-TFET). In this way, after obtaining analytical expressions for potential and MoreIn this paper, we propose an innovative and low computational cost approach that can be used to find optimal values of parameters of a nanoscale dual gate tunneling field-effect transistor (DG-TFET). In this way, after obtaining analytical expressions for potential and energy bands of the device using the Poisson equation, the tunneling length is extracted at source-channel and channel-drain tunnel junctions in the AMBIPOLAR, Off and On states. Due to the tunneling length equation, the different values of gate work function and dielectric constant of the device are swept to determine the minimum and maximum design limits. According to the above range, the necessary checks are made to reach the local optimal behaviors. These optimum points are explained based on the achievement of optimal device performance. The accuracy and consistency of the proposed model is validated with the TCAD simulation results. The present model can be a handful for the study of TFET performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Removal of methylene blue using biosynthesized silver nanoparticles
Raoof Jabbari Nahid Ghasemi Majid RamezaniIn recent decades, the focus of science and industry has been concentrated on production of metal nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, the biosynthesis of silver NPs by using Tragopogon buphthalmoides (Tragopogon b.) plant was investigated. Various effective parameter on MoreIn recent decades, the focus of science and industry has been concentrated on production of metal nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, the biosynthesis of silver NPs by using Tragopogon buphthalmoides (Tragopogon b.) plant was investigated. Various effective parameter on the synthesis such as pH, extract volume, concentration of silver nitrate, temperature and reaction time were optimized. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized under optimal conditions of 0.5 mL Tragopogon b. extract, 4.5 mM silver nitrate, pH=10, temperature=70 °C and synthesis time of 180 min. Characterization of synthesized NPs performed at optimal condition by using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Also study of first and second-order kinetic to adsorption process of methylene blue by synthesized NPs at the optimal condition was performed. Resulted absorption peaks, indicated strong peaks around the λ = 420 nm which is the certain wavelength for silver NPs. TEM studies indicated that the silver NPs are spherical with average diameter of 13 nm. In adsorption kinetic studies was find out that, the adsorption process follows the second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9977, qe = 21.79 mg/g) . The results of present study showed that the plants well play role in reducing and stabilizing the metal NPs, due to their antioxidant properties and high secondary constituents and have high potential to synthesis of metal NPs which can be used in removal of dye contaminants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Albumin binding and cytotoxicity assay of nickel oxide nanoparticles against primary hippocampal neural cells
Mojtaba Falahati Pegah Ghoraeian Ghoraeian Sara Haji HosseinaliNanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in medical and therapeutic applications. However, their albumin binding and their cytotoxicity assays have not been well explored. In his study, the interaction of NiO NPs with human serum albumin (HSA) was explored by circular MoreNanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in medical and therapeutic applications. However, their albumin binding and their cytotoxicity assays have not been well explored. In his study, the interaction of NiO NPs with human serum albumin (HSA) was explored by circular dichroism (CD) study, molecular docking and dynamic studies. Afterwards the cytotoxicity of NiO NPs against primary hippocampal neural cells was explored by MTT and morphological assays. The CD experiment revealed that NiO NPs do not stimulate some significant structural changes within the HSA structure. The molecular docking investigation showed that NiO nanoclusters bind to HSA molecule through hydrophilic interactions and NiO nanoclusters with different sizes show different docking scores for interaction with HSA. The Molecular dynamic study also revealed that minor structural changes in HSA structure occur after interaction with NiO NPs. Cellular assay displayed that incubation of NiO NPs with primary hippocampal neural cells for 24 h triggered a significant cytotoxicity and morphological changes. Therefore, it may be concluded that although NiO NPs may show a strong binding affinity to HSA and do not induce a remarkable rearrangement in the structure of HSA, they may induce some unwanted effects on the cell viability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Fabrication of HPA-ZSM-5 and their successful application to the recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the smooth synthesis of spiro-pyrido-pyrimidine indoline derivatives
Javad SafaeiGhomi Mohammaed Mutashar Raheleh TeymuriA beneficial and efficient one-pot three-component approach for the synthesis of spiro cyclic 2-oxindole derivatives has been described by the reaction of isatins, cyclic-1,3-diketones and 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil in presence of highly active HPA-ZSM-5 microporous cat MoreA beneficial and efficient one-pot three-component approach for the synthesis of spiro cyclic 2-oxindole derivatives has been described by the reaction of isatins, cyclic-1,3-diketones and 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil in presence of highly active HPA-ZSM-5 microporous catalyst. The zeolite catalyst has been synthesized and the catalyst has been thoroughly characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electronic microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and N2-adsorption analysis. HPA-ZSM-5 catalyst exhibited exceptional recyclability at least for 6 times and the surface acidity was not significantly changed. The best results were gained in H2O and we found the convincing results for the synthesis of spiro-pyrido-pyrimidine in the presence of HPA-ZSM-5 (10 mg) under ultrasound irradiation (40W). Experimental simplicity, wide range of products, excellent yields in short reaction times and low catalyst loading are some of the substantial features of this procedure. The present catalytic method is extensible to a wide diversity of substrates for the synthesis of a variety-oriented library of spiro-pyrido-pyrimidine indoline derivatives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Incorporation of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in RHA-MTW Zeolite and its Application for Degradation of Dye
afshin pourahmad Babak Sadeghi Babak Azari Masoud MokhtaryWhite rice husk ash (RHA), an agriculture waste, was used as a silica source for MTW zeolite synthesis. The RHA-MTW zeolite derived from RHA was prepared by hydrothermal method at 150 °C in the presence of tetraethylammonium hydroxide. ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were grow MoreWhite rice husk ash (RHA), an agriculture waste, was used as a silica source for MTW zeolite synthesis. The RHA-MTW zeolite derived from RHA was prepared by hydrothermal method at 150 °C in the presence of tetraethylammonium hydroxide. ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were grown in zeolite substrates using a solid state reaction. The synthesized nanocomposite (NC) was characterized by XRD, SEM, DRS and TEM and tested as photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution under ultraviolet (UV) light. The BET results indicated that pore volume and surface area of ZnO/RHA-MTW NC was smaller than RHA-MTW zeolite. On the basis of the obtained experimental results, it was founded that zinc oxide NPs were encapsulated into channels of RHA-MTW zeolite. The SEM and TEM images of ZnO/RHA-MTW NC confirmed the formation of RHA-MTW particles with size diameter of 2.5 µm and locating of zinc oxide NPs in channels of zeolite with an average size of between 35 nm. The results showed MB degradation reached 85 % under UV light. The MB indicated maximum adsorption at pH=9. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO was enhanced in the presence of zeolite due to reduction of recombination rate of the electro-hole in ZnO semiconductor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - In Vitro Behavior of a Novel Nanostructure Hardystonite/Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds (HT/BCPS); Evaluation and Investigation
hassan gheisariAn important compete in bone tissue engineering is the development of constructs serving as scaffolds to fill bone defects, and promote bone regeneration. In this study, highly porous almost (75%) nanostructured Hardystonite/biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds (BCPS) w MoreAn important compete in bone tissue engineering is the development of constructs serving as scaffolds to fill bone defects, and promote bone regeneration. In this study, highly porous almost (75%) nanostructured Hardystonite/biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds (BCPS) with interconnected porosity was developed using various hardystonite (HT) contents via space holder technique. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques was employed to evaluate different samples. In addition to, the agents of scaffold composition on mechanical behavior , bioactivity and biodegradability was studied. Also, the results showed that the produced scaffolds had an average pore size and density between 250-350 µm and 2.2 ± 0.4 - 1.7 ± 0.2 gr/cm3, respectively, depending on the Hardystonite (HT) with different contents. Furthermore, increasing the hardystonite content of scaffolds from 0 (control) to 30 wt. % enhanced the bioactivity test, biodegradability, and compressive strength from 1.1 ± 0.1 to 3.1 ± 0.2 MPa, respectively. Besides, MTT assay also confirmed that the BCPS30 (containing 30 wt. % of hardystonite) significantly promoted cell viability and cell adhesion compared to BCPS 0. Totally, our project suggests that nanostructured hardystonite/BCPS with improved biological and mechanical behavior (properties) could potentially be used for biomedical engineering such as bone tissue engineering application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - The effect of different pHs, Surfactants and dialyses times on preparation of nano Rod Hydroxyapatite
Fateme MirjaliliNano HA rod has been synthesized by precipitation method using Ca (NO3)24H2O and (NH4)2HPO4 as starting materials and ammonia solution as an agent for pH adjustment. The Ca/P molar ratio was maintained at 1.67. Then, the effect of different pH (4, 6, 8, 10 ,11), differe MoreNano HA rod has been synthesized by precipitation method using Ca (NO3)24H2O and (NH4)2HPO4 as starting materials and ammonia solution as an agent for pH adjustment. The Ca/P molar ratio was maintained at 1.67. Then, the effect of different pH (4, 6, 8, 10 ,11), different surfactants and different times for dialyses on nano HA rod were studied. The samples were characterized by different techniques such as, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and Transmission electron microscopies. The XRD analysis showed that the prepared HA nano rod was to be fully crystalline. The results showed that, the best pH for nano HA rod was 11and Span 20 as the surfactant had the better effect on dispersion and shape of nano rod. The HA nano-rods had an average diameter of 10 nm and length 70-80 nm after 12 hours of dialyses time.Selection and control of the precise dialyses time together with surface active agents proved to be important in controlling the rod size, degree of aggregation and the rod shape. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Investigation of Antimicrobial and Genotoxic Effects of Fe2O3, NiO and CoO NPs Synthesized by Green Synthesis
Hayrunnisa Nadaroglu Azize Alayli Selcuk Ceker Hatice Ogutcu Güleray AgarIt is seen that metal nanoparticles are used in many areas due to their antimicrobial effects. For this reason, our study focused on the production of -Fe2O3, NiO and CoO NPs of golden nanoparticles, which are easily obtained with the use of Erzincan grape extract, saf MoreIt is seen that metal nanoparticles are used in many areas due to their antimicrobial effects. For this reason, our study focused on the production of -Fe2O3, NiO and CoO NPs of golden nanoparticles, which are easily obtained with the use of Erzincan grape extract, safe to use, environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Metal ions synthesized by the green synthesis method were characterized using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis. From the SEM diagrams of the synthesized nanoparticles, it was determined that the nanoparticles were approximately 5 to 65 nm in size. Both antimicrobial, genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effects were investigated to determine the rates at which nanoparticles can be used as biosafe. Synthesized -Fe2O3, NiO and CoO NPs showed excellent antibacterial properties on pathogen bacteria againist human. In addition, it was determined that -Fe2O3, NiO and CoO M-NPs showed genotoxic properties in parallel with increasing concentrations. This study, as far as we know, is the first report on microbial -Fe2O3, NiO and CoO NPs and their biological properties synthesized by this statistical approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Experimental Investigation of Fe3O4-Chitosan Nanocomposite as a Nano-Demulsifier for Water in Crude Oil Separation
Zahra Hasanshahi Payam Parvasi Mohamad Mahdi Zerafat Samad SabbaghiNowadays chemical and electrostatic demulsification techniques are typically used to separate water-in-crude-oil emulsions. The need to improve demulsification techniques has led to the use of various additives among which nanoparticles have emerged as a novel alternati MoreNowadays chemical and electrostatic demulsification techniques are typically used to separate water-in-crude-oil emulsions. The need to improve demulsification techniques has led to the use of various additives among which nanoparticles have emerged as a novel alternative. Most of the exploited crude oils exist in an emulsion state, where may cause serious problems during processing. Chemical demulsifiers, bottle tests, and electrostatic desalters are commonly used to separate water from crude oil emulsions but there are some issues involved with these methods. Therefore, using new technologies like nanotechnology can help improve the desalting process. First, Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-chitosan nanocomposite were synthesized via the co-precipitation method. Fe3O4-chitosan nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that ultrafine Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared and coated by chitosan. In this study, Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-chitosan nanocomposite were utilized to improve emulsion destabilization. The effect of different parameters on the separation performance was studied and the best conditions were determined. The results showed that the application of certain nanostructures in crude oil emulsions improves the performance of demulsification up to 86% and decreases the amount of demulsifier consumption in the desalting process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - An investigation of carbon nanotubes on shear stress, thermal conductivity and the viscosity of Nanofluids
Aref ShokriThe Nanofluid includes suspensions containing nanoparticles, which are dispersed in the base fluid homogeneously. In this study, nanoparticles called multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were dispersed in a pure water-based fluid. The shape, size, and arrangement of ca MoreThe Nanofluid includes suspensions containing nanoparticles, which are dispersed in the base fluid homogeneously. In this study, nanoparticles called multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were dispersed in a pure water-based fluid. The shape, size, and arrangement of carbon nanotubes were displayed by the transmittance electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of the resulting nanofluid were measured experimentally. The carbon nanotubes within the nanofluid were stabilized using Sodium dodecyl benzene sulphate. The effect of carbon nanotubes on shear stress, thermal conductivity and viscosity of fluids has investigated. The results showed that at 308K the thermal conductivity was increased from 0.6 to 0.94 w/m.ºC with an increase in the volumetric concentration of MWCNTs from 0 to 0.015%. And the thermal conductivity was increased from 0.74 to 0.94 w/m.ºC with increase in temperature from 298 to 308K. The shear stress was increased from 10.8 to 11.9 N/m2 at 298K by increase in the volumetric concentration of MWCNTs from 0 to 0.015% and it was reduced from 11.9 to 9.2 N/m2 with enhance in temperature from 298 to 308K, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Effect of Li doping on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Mn(N, As)
Monir Kamalian Abdus Salam Sepahi Zeinab MoradiIn this study the effect of Li doping on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Mn(N, As) compounds was investigated using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the Quantum ESPRESSO software. The effect of the Li impurity on the Mn(N, As) conduction be MoreIn this study the effect of Li doping on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of Mn(N, As) compounds was investigated using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the Quantum ESPRESSO software. The effect of the Li impurity on the Mn(N, As) conduction behavior and physical characteristics such electronic band structure and density of states (DOS) was considered and discussed simultaneously. The obtained results demonstrated that after Li doping, the equilibrium lattice constant (a0) was decreased and the band gap energy was increased. The electronic band structure and density of states (DOS) of the MnN compound showed the metallic and anti-ferromagnetic characteristics while the MnAs compound exhibited the half-metallic and ferromagnetic properties however, by adding the Li impurity to these compounds, semiconducting and anti-ferromagnetic characteristics were observed. Moreover, the high spin configuration of the Mn atoms at thee DOS profiles revealed that these two anti-ferromagnetic compounds might also be promising candidates for future magneto-electronic and spintronic devices such as resonant tunneling magnetoresistance, ultrafast and ultrahigh-density spintronic devices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Using ZnO based on Bentonite as a nano photo catalyst for degradation of Acid Red 114 in synthetic wastewater
Aref Shokri Reza Hekmatshoar Ahmadreza YariIn this project, the removal of Acid Red 114(AR 114) that is a mono Azoo dye with global usage in aqueous environment was explored by nano photo catalytic process. The ZnO was supported on Bentonite and used at suspension state in a batch photo reactor. The catalyst was MoreIn this project, the removal of Acid Red 114(AR 114) that is a mono Azoo dye with global usage in aqueous environment was explored by nano photo catalytic process. The ZnO was supported on Bentonite and used at suspension state in a batch photo reactor. The catalyst was synthesized by co precipitation methods and characterized by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectra. The effect of operational variables including pH, initial concentration of Acid red 114, amounts of catalysts and temperature were investigated on the removal efficiency of AR114. The optimum conditions were achieved at 1g/l of catalyst, 30 mg/l of AR 114, pH of 9 and temperature at 35℃. The removal of AR 114 in UV, UV/ZnO, and UV/ZnO/Bentonite process were 26.5, 55 and 92.5% after 2 h of treatment, respectively. The photo catalytic degradation mechanism was described and the efficiency of the process increased considerably by modification of photo catalyst. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Macro-and micromechanical modelling of HA-Elastin scaffold fabricated using freeze drying technique
Matin Mohammadzadeh Rad Saeed Saber-Samandari Mojtaba Sadighi Lobat Tayebi Mohammad Mohammadi Aghdam Amirsalar KhandanAbstract. Since osteomyelitis is a serious and dangerous disease, it requires immediate treatment with antibiotics or bone substitute replacement in orthopedic surgeries. Therefore, a porous polymeric-ceramic was fabricated using hydroxyapatite (HA) and polymethylmethac MoreAbstract. Since osteomyelitis is a serious and dangerous disease, it requires immediate treatment with antibiotics or bone substitute replacement in orthopedic surgeries. Therefore, a porous polymeric-ceramic was fabricated using hydroxyapatite (HA) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) composed with elastin as an ideal scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. The current study is aimed at investigating the effects of various amounts of elastin biopolymer on porous bio-nanocomposite scaffold using the freeze-drying (FD) technique. The morphology and phase analysis of the prepared scaffold are analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The biological performance of the porous tissue is evaluated in simulated body fluid (SBF) and sodium chloride (SC) solution. The tensile test is used to measure the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the porous tissue before soaking in the SBF. The obtained result is simulated using micromechanical model from the experimental values. The elastic modulus of samples decreases from 1.18 MPa to 0.69 MPa, and porosity evaluation is in the range of 70-85% with addition of 10 wt% and 15 wt% elastin to PMMA-HA bio-nanocomposite. The biological behavior indicates that a thick apatite layer precipitate on the surface of the sample with 10 wt% elastin beside increases alkaline group with constant pH concentration. According to the obtained porosity and elastic modulus results, suitable micromechanical model is assessed. The comparison of micromechanical model is assessed, and error rate was less than 10%; therefore, optimum model is introduced as the best micromechanical model for porous bone substitute. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - The effect of MgCl2.6H2O and NaF on properties of Chitosan / HA-Al2O3 Scaffold
Fateme Mirjalili esmail salahi Ali kaffashiyanThe HA- Al2O3 nano composite was produced by precipitation method. In the first study,the effect of MgCl2.6H2O and NaF additives on HA-Al2O3 nano-composite powder were studied and the second, chitosan / HA- Al2O3 scaffold was prepared by freeze casting method. Th MoreThe HA- Al2O3 nano composite was produced by precipitation method. In the first study,the effect of MgCl2.6H2O and NaF additives on HA-Al2O3 nano-composite powder were studied and the second, chitosan / HA- Al2O3 scaffold was prepared by freeze casting method. The phase and microstructure and morphology analysis of nano composite and scaffold were performed by XRD, FT-IR, FESEM and TEM. X-ray diffraction test results along with infrared spectroscopy indicated that, the HA- Al2O3 nano composite without impurities were produced. TEM result showed that, the produced nano cmposite particle sizes were reported between 30-50 nm.Moreover, the porosity percentages of scaffold without additive was about 56% and with NaF as an additive was about 63 %, however, the scaffold with MgCl2.6H2O additive with 70% porosity had the highest porosity percentage. The compressive strength of the SFA scaffold exhibited a two-fold strength compared to the SMA scaffold, which indicated the improved mechanical compatibility of the SFA scaffold. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - The Investigation of the Toxicity of Palladium Nanoparticles on Human Lymphocyte
maryam zivari fard majid sharifi arian shojaei Seyed Mahdi Rezayat seyyedeh elaheh mousavi Mojtaba FalahatiPalladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) have various applications in industries, such as: Biomedicine, Sewage treatment, Electronics, and Catalytic processes. Different studies on NP have shown that they have negative impacts on different cell categories in vitro. Despite exte MorePalladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) have various applications in industries, such as: Biomedicine, Sewage treatment, Electronics, and Catalytic processes. Different studies on NP have shown that they have negative impacts on different cell categories in vitro. Despite extensive considerations, the molecular mechanism of Pd-NPs toxicity has remained elusive thus far. Therefore, in this paper, we investigated the toxicity of Pd-NPs by evaluating their effects on human lymphocyte. Blood lymphocyte cells were initially isolated by ficoll solution and were exposed to Pd-NPs and Pd (II) ions. Then, we examined oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis employing flow cytometry. We found the NPs administration suppressed cell growth which in turn resulted in cell apoptosis. Also, cell cycle stopped at sub G1 phase, resulting in DNA damage as well as profound ROS increase. Our results showed that Pd-NPs treatment for 24 hours led to apoptosis, oxidative stress, as well as cell cycle blockage. It is notable that Pd (II) ions induced more severe toxicity. Our findings provide valuable insights on Pd-NPs toxicity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Efficient photocatalytic desulfurization of thiophene under visible light irradiation over flower-like AgBiS2 photocatalyst
Mehdi Mousavi-Kamazani Reza Rahmatolahzadeh Hassan NajafianHere, we report the production of hierarchical flower-like AgBiS2 nanostructures by an amino acid-modified polyol route. This work indicates that by changing the polyol process conditions including kind of capping agent, reaction time and reflux temperature, the sheet-l MoreHere, we report the production of hierarchical flower-like AgBiS2 nanostructures by an amino acid-modified polyol route. This work indicates that by changing the polyol process conditions including kind of capping agent, reaction time and reflux temperature, the sheet-like, cone-like, sphere-like and flower-like morphologies of AgBiS2 micro/nanostructures can be prepared. The phase, elemental composition, morphology and optical characteristics of as-prepared AgBiS2 nanostructures were analyzed by UV–Vis, FESEM, XRD, and EDS techniques. After characterization of the products, the AgBiS2 nanostructures were employed as novel photocatalysts for oxidative desulfurization of thiophene/n-octane solution as model fuel under visible light illumination. Results demonstrate that hierarchical flower-like AgBiS2 photocatalyst with desirable band gap energy (2.44 eV) has high photocatalytic desulfurization performance of about 89% after 2 h of visible light irradiation. As well as, the effects of morphology, photocatalyst dosage and reusability of the AgBiS2 nanostructures on the photocatalytic performance were evaluated. The excellent photocatalytic activity of AgBiS2 photocatalyst can be attributed to the strong visible light absorption, high separation rate of electron–hole pairs, special hierarchical structures and suitable band gap energy. Moreover, a reliable photo-oxidation desulfurization mechanism was discussed according to the active species trapping experiments, which revealed the photo-generated h+ and •O2− radicals were the main active species in the photocatalytic desulfurization process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Evaluation of heat temperatures on the structure of nano-rod
hassan GHEISARIIn this project, the TiO2 nano-rods were synthesized from P25 TiO2 nanoparticles by hydrothermal method in 20 M NaOH solution. The effects of annealing temperatures on produced nanorods were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) X-ray diffraction (XRD) and MoreIn this project, the TiO2 nano-rods were synthesized from P25 TiO2 nanoparticles by hydrothermal method in 20 M NaOH solution. The effects of annealing temperatures on produced nanorods were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Diameter growth and changes of surface oxygen defects of synthesized Nano rods are studied with increasing annealing temperatures. Also, with Increase of annealing temperature over 300 °C there is no effect on the size of produced nano-rods, but due to reducing of the surface charge causes the more compact products. In summation, the effects of post heat treatment temperatures were in detail investigated by SEM, XRD and PL spectroscopy. The obtained results were shown that the increasing of annealing temperature until 300 °C causes increase of thicknesses of prepared nanorods by hydrothermal method. Increase of annealing temperature over 300 °C has no effect on the size of produced nanorods, but due to reducing of the surface charge causes the more compact products. In addition, the surface defects of synthesized 1D TiO2 were decreased because of increase of annealing temperatures, but we should note that at higher tempera tures (over 500 °C) the TiO2 phase may be converted from anatase to rutile. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Performance Optimization and Sensitivity Analysis of Junctionless FinFET with Asymmetric Doping Profile
Zahra Ahangari Ehsan Asadi Seied Ali HosseiniIn this paper, a novel junctionless fin field effect transistor (FinFET) with asymmetric doping profile along the device from source to drain (ADJFinFET) is introduced and the electrical characteristics of the device are comprehensively assessed. Unlike the conventional MoreIn this paper, a novel junctionless fin field effect transistor (FinFET) with asymmetric doping profile along the device from source to drain (ADJFinFET) is introduced and the electrical characteristics of the device are comprehensively assessed. Unlike the conventional junctionless FinFET, ADJFinFET has lower channel doping density with respect to the adjacent source and drain regions, which provides superior electrical performance in nanoscale regime. Impact of device geometry and physical design parameters on the device performance are thoroughly investigated via calculating standard deviation over mean value of main electrical measures. The sensitivity analysis reveals that metal gate workfunction, doping density and fin width are critical design parameters that may fundamentally modify the device performance. Furthermore, 2D variation matrix of gate workfunction and channel doping density are calculated for optimizing the device performance in terms of off-state and on-state current. The results demonstrate that the proposed device establishes a promising candidate to realize the requirements of low-power high-performance integrated circuits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - DFT comparison of structural and electronic properties of (5, 0) zig-zag GaAs nanotube and (5, 0) zig-zag GaSb nanotube
Monir KamalianThe structural, electronic and transport properties of the (5, 0) zig-zag GaAs nanotube and (5, 0) zig-zag GaSb nanotube have been studied using Density Functional Theory (DFT) combined with Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function (NEGF) formalism with TranSIESTA software. Th MoreThe structural, electronic and transport properties of the (5, 0) zig-zag GaAs nanotube and (5, 0) zig-zag GaSb nanotube have been studied using Density Functional Theory (DFT) combined with Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function (NEGF) formalism with TranSIESTA software. The electronic band structure (EBS), density of states (DOS), band gap (BG), current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and quantum conductance curves (dI/dV) of these two structures were studied under low-bias conditions. The obtained results demonstrate that these two structures exhibit semiconducting behaviour but the (5, 0) zig-zag GaSb nanotube has a smaller band gap and the highest value of the electron density of states, hence it is an important candidate in the field of infrared-radiation detectors, resonant tunnelling devices and laser diodes. Instead the (5, 0) zig-zag GaAs nanotube showed the amazing property of Negative Differential Resistance (NDR) that it has played a vital role in high frequency oscillators, reflection amplifiers, memories and switching devices Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - The removal of Hexavalent chromium; (Cr (VI)) by ZnO/LECA as a nano photocatalyst using full factorial experimental design
Aref Shokri Safoora KarimiIn this research, a synthesized nano photocatalyst was prepared by supporting ZnO nanoparticle on Lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA). The catalyst was synthesized by co-precipitation method. The SEM, FT-IR and XRD tests were used to characterize ZnO/LECA, which MoreIn this research, a synthesized nano photocatalyst was prepared by supporting ZnO nanoparticle on Lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA). The catalyst was synthesized by co-precipitation method. The SEM, FT-IR and XRD tests were used to characterize ZnO/LECA, which was employed for photocatalytic removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution in batch photoreactor. The full factorial experimental design (FFD) was used for the statistical analysis of data. The influence of catalyst amounts, pH, and initial concentration of Cr (VI) was investigated on the reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (III). The number of active site was increased with increase in the concentration of catalyst to some extent. Also, the selection of other factors in optimized amount was important. The optimal conditions were obtained at 0.75 g/l of photocatalyst, pH at 5 and 20 mg/l of Cr(VI). The experimental and predicted reduction efficiency by FFD at optimal conditions were 97.6 and 96.18%, respectively. The comparison of experimental and predicted data showed a good agreement between them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Mechanical properties improvement and bone regeneration of calcium phosphate bone cement, Polymethyl methacrylate and glass ionomer
Rezvan Fada Niusha Farhadi Babadi Reyhane Azimi Majid Karimian Mohamad ShahgholiAdvancement in nanoscience and biotechnology of bone materials and cement has been increasing over the past several decades. The combination of biomaterials with trace elements for bone cement has verified their better mechanical strength and biocompatibility response. MoreAdvancement in nanoscience and biotechnology of bone materials and cement has been increasing over the past several decades. The combination of biomaterials with trace elements for bone cement has verified their better mechanical strength and biocompatibility response. Also, the ionic replacement has affected the chemical, physical and biological properties of the substance. Pyrophosphate has supported better absorption of calcium phosphates (CaPs) and bone formation. Bone cement is the ionomer of an important material in tooth repair application used in the tooth filling, tooth cover, and to fix adhesions of the tooth and crown. Nanoparticle additives (magnesium oxide (MgO), hydroxyapatite (HA), chitosan (CH), barium sulfate and silica) and alternate monomers can be effective with Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) granules and methyl methacrylate monomers (MMAs) to decrease the isothermal temperature. These materials can be used for the growth and development of bone cements. This paper aims to demonstrate a general and different view of the applications of CaP, PMMA, glass ionomer and bone repair cements in various methods under different experiments procedure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Application of Nanoanalysis: Amine-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles for mercury speciation in human samples
hamid shirkhanloo Sara Davari            Mercury (Hg) causes hazardous cumulative effects in humans; like central nervous system disorders, hypertension and chromosomal aberrations. Therefore, due to high toxicity and bioaccumulation factor, mercury determination and speciation in huma More            Mercury (Hg) causes hazardous cumulative effects in humans; like central nervous system disorders, hypertension and chromosomal aberrations. Therefore, due to high toxicity and bioaccumulation factor, mercury determination and speciation in human blood is very important. A sensitive, accurate, precise and inexpensive method was demonstrated for preconcentration and speciation of ultra-trace mercury in human blood samples. The amine-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (NH2-MSNPs) as solid phase sorbent was prepared and investigated in a new and simple dispersive-ionic liquid-micro-solid phase extraction (D-IL-μ-SPE) procedure for rapid speciation and determination of trace inorganic and organic mercury [Hg (II) and R-Hg (CH3Hg+ and C2H5Hg+)] in human blood samples. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range, limit of detection and preconcentration factor were obtained 0.05–9.8 µg L−1, 15 ng L−1 and 9.6 for human blood samples, respectively (Peak Area, RSD<5%). The reusability and batch adsorption capacity of the MSNPs and NH2-MSNPs were also obtained 25 and 159 mg g-1, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied for validation of methodology by standard reference materials (SRM). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Exploration of the adsorption of caffein molecule on the TiO2 nanostructures: A density functional theory study
Amirali Abbasi Jaber Jahanbin SardroodiFirst principles calculations were performed to study the adsorption behaviors of caffein molecule on the pristine and N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles. Both oxygen and nitrogen in the caffein molecule can react with the TiO2 nanoparticle strongly. Thus, the binding s MoreFirst principles calculations were performed to study the adsorption behaviors of caffein molecule on the pristine and N-doped TiO2 anatase nanoparticles. Both oxygen and nitrogen in the caffein molecule can react with the TiO2 nanoparticle strongly. Thus, the binding sites were located on the oxygen or nitrogen atom of the caffein, while on the TiO2 nanoparticle the binding site occurs on the fivefold coordinated titanium atoms. By counting van der Waals (vdW) interactions, it was found that the adsorption on the N-doped TiO2 is more favorable in energy than the adsorption on the undoped one, indicating the high sensitivity of N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles towards caffein molecules. It means a dominant effect of nitrogen doping on the adsorption properties of pristine TiO2. The large overlaps in the PDOS spectra of the oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the caffein and titanium atom of TiO2 represent a forming Ti-O and Ti-N bonds between them. The molecular orbital calculation results indicate that the HOMOs are strongly localized on the caffein. Charge analysis based on Mulliken charges reveals a considerable charge transfer from the caffein to the TiO2 nanoparticle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Photocatalytic degradation of Malachite Green using ZnO and ZnO-TiO2 nanoparticles from aqueous solution
hadi baseri Elahe AlizadehToday, despite of the increasing demands for the products of chemical industries and the related factories, the challenges of environmental pollution has not been improved and it is approaching a very dangerous stage. In this regard, the role of dyeing industries in con MoreToday, despite of the increasing demands for the products of chemical industries and the related factories, the challenges of environmental pollution has not been improved and it is approaching a very dangerous stage. In this regard, the role of dyeing industries in contaminating the environment is undeniable. In this research, ZnO and ZnO-TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation and sol-gel methods, respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD and FE-SEM techniques and their band gap energy were determined using the UV-Vis spectrum obtained from the suspension of nanoparticles. By using synthesized nanoparticles, degradation of malachite green under irradiation of the UV (A)-Visible mixture light from aqueous solution were evaluated and the effect of different parameters such as amount of photo catalyst, time of light irradiation and dose of H2O2 have been studied. The destruction amount was determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy method. Based on the reported results, the maximum degradation efficiency of about 99% was obtained in the optimal values of experimental conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Spectroscopic studies on the interaction of Fe3O4@Ca Al LDH@Lamivudine with the calf thymus DNA
nahid shahabadi mahtab razlansari Avat (Arman) TaherpourIn this study, we were synthesized and characterized of Fe3O4@LDH@Lamivudine by FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD and TEM. The interaction of this nanoparticle with CT-DNA was investigated by viscosity, circular dichroism (CD), Uv-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. Among all MoreIn this study, we were synthesized and characterized of Fe3O4@LDH@Lamivudine by FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD and TEM. The interaction of this nanoparticle with CT-DNA was investigated by viscosity, circular dichroism (CD), Uv-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. Among all nanocarriers which applied as drug delivery vectors Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with exchangeable anions in the positive brucite-like interlayers have been attracting much attentions in the field of cellular delivery of anionic drug and other bio-functional molecules, due to their low toxicity, biocompatibility, high stability, pH dependent solubility and enhanced cellular uptake behavior compared with the conventional drug carriers. UV–Visible absorption studies indicated hyperchromism with the binding constant of 4.9×103 M-1. In the fluorimetric investigation, this nanocomposite can bind to DNA and creates a new non-fluorescence adduct. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Biological application of Layered double hydroxides in drug delivery systems
nahid shahabadi Mahtab RazlansariThis review focuses on the extensive study of different layer double hydroxides (LDHs) nanostructures and also their biological and physicochemical (in vitro) properties to encapsulate and deliver drugs with a recognized pharmacokinetic profile in a sustained/modified m MoreThis review focuses on the extensive study of different layer double hydroxides (LDHs) nanostructures and also their biological and physicochemical (in vitro) properties to encapsulate and deliver drugs with a recognized pharmacokinetic profile in a sustained/modified manner for better remedial efficacy contrasted to the corresponding conventional treatments using free drugs. LDHs known as hydrotalcite like compounds possess positive charges due to isomorphic substitutions, which are counterbalanced by hydrated exchangeable anions located in the interlayer region. Some of the active ingredient molecules can be intercalated into the inner region of the LDHs through ionic bonding, hydrogen bonding or van der Waals interaction to form nanohybrids, which are more potent for their protection and controlled‐release. In addition, this composite material exhibits a selective release toward cancer cells and good biocompatibility with normal cells, which would guarantee its practical applications in cancer therapy.Development of new pharmaceutical formulations is observed, based on LDHs, for cancer therapy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Caffeine-loaded Fe3O4 nanoparticles: A new magnetically recoverable organocatalyst for Knoevenagel condensation reaction
Soheil SayyahiCaffeine loaded magnetic nanoparticle was successfully synthesized and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), thermo gravi MoreCaffeine loaded magnetic nanoparticle was successfully synthesized and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The resulting nanocomposite is shown to be an efficient catalyst in Knoevenagel condensations of various aldehydes under ultrasound irradiation.Caffeine loaded magnetic nanoparticle was successfully synthesized and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The resulting nanocomposite is shown to be an efficient catalyst in Knoevenagel condensations of various aldehydes under ultrasound irradiation.Caffeine loaded magnetic nanoparticle was successfully synthesized and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The resulting nanocomposite is shown to be an efficient catalyst in Knoevenagel condensations of various aldehydes under ultrasound irradiation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Kinetics of Fe2O3-Al reaction prior to mechanochemical synthesis of Fe3Al-Al2O3 nanocomposite powder using thermal analysis
Mehdi KhodaeiThe effect of ball milling on kinetics of the thermite reaction of 3Fe2O3 + 8Al powder mixture to synthesize Fe3Al-Al2O3 nanocomposite was investigated using differential thermal analysis. A model-free method was applied to the non-isothermal differential calorimetry (D MoreThe effect of ball milling on kinetics of the thermite reaction of 3Fe2O3 + 8Al powder mixture to synthesize Fe3Al-Al2O3 nanocomposite was investigated using differential thermal analysis. A model-free method was applied to the non-isothermal differential calorimetry (DSC) data to evaluate the reaction kinetics according to the Starink method. The activation energy of the thermite reaction in the Fe2O3-Al system in ball milled 3Fe2O3 + 8Al powder mixture was determined to be 97 kJ/mole, which is smaller than that for non-milled powder mixture indicating the change of reaction mechanism. The change in the reaction mechanism could be resulted from the formation of short-circuit diffusion paths occurring in the precursors during milling. The change in the reaction mechanism of such nanostructured 3Fe2O3 + 8Al powder mixture could be reason of the formation of desired phases (Fe3Al and Al2O3), which such stoichiometric phases cannot be achieved by conventional molten state thermite reaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Histopathological effects of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on skin and muscle tissues of rats
Sepideh Arbabi-Bidgoli Parisa Saberi-HasanabadiAlthough ZnO nanoparticles possess novel properties that make them available to a vast range of applications, the questions regarding their safety arise when it comes in contact with the biological systems (such as skin, lungs and tissues). In this study, we evaluated t MoreAlthough ZnO nanoparticles possess novel properties that make them available to a vast range of applications, the questions regarding their safety arise when it comes in contact with the biological systems (such as skin, lungs and tissues). In this study, we evaluated the possible toxicology effects of different dosage of zinc oxide nanoparticles (with quantities of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg of nano solution) in three treatments for four consecutive weeks on skin and muscle tissues of rats (n= 40; weight: 150-200 g) compared with the control samples and the results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).The results showed that the use of zinc oxide did not have much effect on skin and skeletal muscle tissue of rats. Although, we did not find any harm to the skin and musculoskeletal system in the use of different dosage of zinc oxide nanoparticles in this study, but we can not ignore the reports of the sensitivity of cells and tissues to potentially cytotoxic nanoparticles. Therefore, it is suggested that further, wider and stronger research should be paid on the complex mechanism of toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles in living systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Sulfuric Acid Functionalized Magnetic Nanocatalyst as a Green Catalyst for One-pot Synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-ones
Amanollah Zarei Ahmady Seyyed Jafar Saghanezhad Neda MohtashamSulfuric acid functionalized Magnetic Nanocatalyst (SAMNC) has been prepared as an efficient acidic catalyst and has been applied in the one-pot preparation of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives. This catalyst has been characterized by FT-IR, SEM, VSM, TEM and MoreSulfuric acid functionalized Magnetic Nanocatalyst (SAMNC) has been prepared as an efficient acidic catalyst and has been applied in the one-pot preparation of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives. This catalyst has been characterized by FT-IR, SEM, VSM, TEM and TGA. According to the obtained results including time, yield and recyclability, SAMNC could be considered as an efficient catalyst for organic transformations.Sulfuric acid functionalized Magnetic Nanocatalyst (SAMNC) has been prepared as an efficient acidic catalyst and has been applied in the one-pot preparation of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives. This catalyst has been characterized by FT-IR, SEM, VSM, TEM and TGA. According to the obtained results including time, yield and recyclability, SAMNC could be considered as an efficient catalyst for organic transformations.Sulfuric acid functionalized Magnetic Nanocatalyst (SAMNC) has been prepared as an efficient acidic catalyst and has been applied in the one-pot preparation of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives. This catalyst has been characterized by FT-IR, SEM, VSM, TEM and TGA. According to the obtained results including time, yield and recyclability, SAMNC could be considered as an efficient catalyst for organic transformations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and antioxidant activities in Bunium persicum (Boiss.) B.Fedtsch. seeds extract .
Nastaran Kazemivash Ahmad Majd Sayyeh Jafari Marandi Seyed Mahdi RezayatIn this study, the antioxidant activity and green synthesis of silver nanoparticles of ethanolic extracted from the seeds of Bunium persicum (Boiss.) B.Fedtsch. was investigated for a first time. B.persicum is a local plant of Iran and the Study of antioxidant activity MoreIn this study, the antioxidant activity and green synthesis of silver nanoparticles of ethanolic extracted from the seeds of Bunium persicum (Boiss.) B.Fedtsch. was investigated for a first time. B.persicum is a local plant of Iran and the Study of antioxidant activity in this plant performed using DPPH method and shows the notable Results in scavenging the free radicals. Antioxidant activity of extract checked in comparison to BHT. IC50 of B.persicum respectively was 1000 mg/mL that reveals notable antioxidant effect. Another experiment performed on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles in this plant extract. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles in B. persicum confirmed by the FT_IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) , UV-vis spectroscopy and EDX spectra . Ag NPs were almost spherical in shape with an average diameter of 51 nm. Results showed significant antioxidant effects that cause the formation of spherical silver nanoparticles with nearly homological size in this plant that can be used as the basis of medical studies in the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Adsorption of malachite green dye on different natural absorbents modified with magnetite nanoparticles
nina alizadeh Naereh BesharatiThis study was focused on the adsorption of malachite green as a cationic dye on magnetite nanoparticles loaded green tea waste (MNLGTW), peanut husk (MNLPH), Azolla (MNLA) and Fig leave (MNLFL) as naturally cheap sources of adsorbent. MNLGTW, MNLPH, MNLA and MNLFL were MoreThis study was focused on the adsorption of malachite green as a cationic dye on magnetite nanoparticles loaded green tea waste (MNLGTW), peanut husk (MNLPH), Azolla (MNLA) and Fig leave (MNLFL) as naturally cheap sources of adsorbent. MNLGTW, MNLPH, MNLA and MNLFL were prepared with chemical precipitation method and they were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X- ray (EDX) analysis. Different parameters affecting the dye removal efficiency were optimized. At optimum conditions, the sorption of the malachite green on the MNLGTW, MNLPH, MNLA and MNLFL adsorbents was best described by a pseudo second-order kinetic model with R2 =1, qeq= 12.51 mg g-1 , R2 =0.9996, qeq=625 mg g-1 , R2 =0.9842, qeq=0.5772 mg g-1 and R2 =0.9912, qeq=0.517 mg g-1 respectively. Equilibrium data were fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm more than Freundlich and Temkin isotherm. The synthesized sorbent showed complete dye removal with 112.359, 98.039, 23.1 and 73.2 mg g-1 for MNLGTW, MNLPH, MNLA and MNLFL, respectively. The results showed MNLGTW, MNLPH, MNLA and MNLFL can be used as efficient adsorbents for removal of malachite green from aqueous solutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Microstructure and Swelling Behaviour of Poly (Acrylamide-co-Acrylic Acid) based Nanocomposite Superabsorbent Hydrogels
Ahmad Gholizadeh Sasan Ganjehie S. Ahmad KetabiIn this paper, microstructure and swelling behavior of five superabsorbent hydrogels have been investigated. These samples were prepared by dispersing watermelon shell powder (WSP) and cucumber shell powder (CSP), mixture bentonite and WSP, mixture bentonite and CSP, ze MoreIn this paper, microstructure and swelling behavior of five superabsorbent hydrogels have been investigated. These samples were prepared by dispersing watermelon shell powder (WSP) and cucumber shell powder (CSP), mixture bentonite and WSP, mixture bentonite and CSP, zeolite (Z) bentonite (B), into poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (P) backbone in an aqueous medium. The nanocomposites have been synthesized through chemical cross-linking by polymerization technique using N,N-methylenebis acrylamide as a cross-linker and potassium persulfate as an initiator in a simple aqueous environmental conditions. The nanocomposite hydrogels named as P-WSP-CSP، P-WSP-B، P-CSP-B، P-Z، P-B, respectively. These superabsorbent nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and field emission-scanning electron microscope measurements. The water absorption and desorption of the superabsorbent nanocomposites have also been studied. Our findings show that very high water absorption and lower drying rate of P-CSP-B are attributed to higher porous surfaces observed in FE-SEM images. The results show the superabsorbent hydrogels based on CSP represent very high water absorbency capacity and water retention ability that make them suitable for technology applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - The photo degradation of methyl red in aqueous solutions by α-Fe2O3/SiO2 nano photocatalyst
Majid Saghi Aref Shokri Ali Arastehnodeh Mohammad Khazaeinejad Atena NozariThe Photocatalytic degradation of chemical pollutants such as dyes, especially by Nano catalysts is an effective method to protect the environment and water resources. In this study, through Forced Hydrolysis and Reflux Condensation (FHRC) method the nanospherical α-Fe2 MoreThe Photocatalytic degradation of chemical pollutants such as dyes, especially by Nano catalysts is an effective method to protect the environment and water resources. In this study, through Forced Hydrolysis and Reflux Condensation (FHRC) method the nanospherical α-Fe2O3 particles were synthesized and supported on the surface of silica sand by Solid-State Dispersion (SSD) method with the average crystallite size of 27.5 nm. The characterization of catalyst and catalyst support was done using FTIR spectroscopy, SEM images, XRD patterns and BET surface area. In this paper, α-Fe2O3/SiO2 nanophotocatalyst was used for the removal of methyl red (MR) under ultraviolet (UV) light. After running different tests, the effective parameters such as the concentration of MR, pH, and mass of catalyst on pollutant degradation were optimized by single-variable method. The results showed that the optimum conditions for achieving 98.46 % of degradation were pH at 5, initial concentration of MR at 10 mg/l, and 2.0 g of α-Fe2O3/SiO2 nano photo catalyst. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - The electron density analysis of Cr(CO)3L complexes (L=benzene and graphyne)
Reza Ghiasi E Ardestanij J Motameni TabatabaiIn the present research, the electronic structure and bonding properties of the Cr(CO)3L complexes (L= 6-benzne, 6-garphyne) was studied with MPW1PW91 quantum chemical computations. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) was applied to elucidate these complexes MoreIn the present research, the electronic structure and bonding properties of the Cr(CO)3L complexes (L= 6-benzne, 6-garphyne) was studied with MPW1PW91 quantum chemical computations. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) was applied to elucidate these complexes Cr-CO bonds. The ellipticity () and values of the Cr-CO bonds were calculated. The amount of p-d back-donation of Cr-CO bonds were illustrated by calculation of the magnitude of the quadrupole polarization of carbon atom. Delocalization index values of C-C bonds of the six-member rings was calculated. Percentage composition in terms of the specified groups of frontier orbitals was found for these complexes to investigation of the feature in metal-ligand bonds. The nature of chemical bond between the -ring and Cr(CO)3 fragments was demonstrated through energy decomposition analysis (EDA). Frontier orbital analysis reveals that maximum contributions for HOMO and LUMO are the largest contribution of HOMO and LUMO arises from graphyne ligand in Cr(CO)3(6-graphyne) complex. EDA analysis reveals that interaction of benzene and Cr(CO)3 is stronger than graphyne with Cr(CO)3. Based on the results of the QTAIM analysis, there is a mixture of two parameters of the closed-shell and shared for Cr-CO bonds. The increase in quadrupole polarization values in the complexes compared to free CO values show the p-d back-donation in Cr-CO bonds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Potential of magnetite nanoparticles with biopolymers loaded with gentamicin drug for bone cancer treatment
Ehsan Nassireslami Mehdi Motififard Bahareh Kamyab Moghadas Zahra Hami Amir Jasemi Amin Lachiyani Reza Shokrani Foroushani Saeed Saber-Samandari Amirsalar KhandanObjective (s) Due to the natural bone microstructure, the design and fabrication of porous ceramic scaffold nanocomposite materials coated with thin layer of a natural polymer can provide an ideal scaffold for bone tissue engineering. This study aimed to fabricate multi MoreObjective (s) Due to the natural bone microstructure, the design and fabrication of porous ceramic scaffold nanocomposite materials coated with thin layer of a natural polymer can provide an ideal scaffold for bone tissue engineering. This study aimed to fabricate multi-component porous magnetic scaffolds by freeze- drying (FD) technique using a gelatin polymer layer coated with a gentamicin drug. Materials and Methods: Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can be manipulated and controlled by an external magnetic field gradient (EMFG) that is inherent in the magnetic field's permeability within human tissues. In the present work, unlike the usual ceramic/polymer composite scaffold, the ceramic components and the magnet were placed together in the reaction medium from the beginning, and bioceramics were replaced in the composite polymer network and then coated with a drug-loaded polymer. To evaluate the morphology of the magnetic scaffold, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to evaluate the microstructure and observe the porosity of the porous tissue. Results and Discussion: After analyzing the SEM images, the porosity of the scaffolds was measured, which was similar to the normal bone architecture. Also, the porosity value increased from 55% to 78% with addition of MNPs to the based matrix. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that gentamicin-gelatin-coated on porous ceramic-magnet composite scaffolds could be used in bone tissue engineering and apply for treatment of bone tumors, because of their similarity to the bone structure with good porosity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - A polycaprolactone bio-nanocomposite bone substitute fabricated for femoral fracture approaches: Molecular dynamic and micro-mechanical Investigation
Ashkan Farazin Hossein Akbari Aghdam Mehdi Motififard Farshid Aghdavoudi Alireza Kordjamshidi Saeed Saber-Samandari Saeid Esmaeili Amirsalar KhandanThe application of porous bio-nanocomposites polymer has greatly increased in the treatment of bone abnormalities and bone fracture. Therefore, predicting the mechanical properties of these bio-nanocomposites is very important prior to their fabrication. Investigation o MoreThe application of porous bio-nanocomposites polymer has greatly increased in the treatment of bone abnormalities and bone fracture. Therefore, predicting the mechanical properties of these bio-nanocomposites is very important prior to their fabrication. Investigation of mechanical properties like (elastic modulus and hardness) is very costly and time-consuming in experimental tests. Therefore, researchers have focused on mathematical methods and new theories to predict the artificial synthetic bone for orthopedic application. In this paper, porous bio-nanocomposites synthetic bone including nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles and Titanium oxide (TiO2) containing (0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% of TiO2) as reinforcements and the biocompatible polycaprolactone (PCL) polymer as the matrix has been used for the fabrication of PCL-HA-TiO2. Then, the mechanical test was conducted on the samples and the extracted value from the experimental test was compared with the analytical model using molecular dynamics (MD) method. Finally, these properties were compared with the Dewey micromechanics theory, and the error rate between the experimental method and the Dewey theory was reported. It was found that as the porosity percentage increased in the sample three-phase in composites, the model has a higher error in this theory. Then, due to the importance of hydroxyapatite in the fabrication of bone scaffolds, the obtained results of mechanical properties (Elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio) have been analyzed statistically. The application of these equations in the rapid prediction of Elastic Modulus and Poisson's ratio of the synthetic bone scaffolds made of hydroxyapatite is highly recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Histopathological study on acute toxicity of nanochelating based silver nanoparticles in mouse model
Seyedeh Mahsan Hoseinialfatemi Abdollah Karimi Fatemeh Fallah Shahnaz Armin Maryam Hafizi Somaye KalanakiSilver nanoparticle (AgNPs) are largely used as bio-markers and biodelivery vehicles in the medicine, pharmacy and in cosmetic products. However, for the therapeutic application and drug delivery of AgNPs, it is essential to know the distribution and local or systemic t MoreSilver nanoparticle (AgNPs) are largely used as bio-markers and biodelivery vehicles in the medicine, pharmacy and in cosmetic products. However, for the therapeutic application and drug delivery of AgNPs, it is essential to know the distribution and local or systemic toxicity associated with them. For this purpose, this study was carried out to assess the potential consequences of skin injection of nanochelating based synthesized AgNPs on the mice models.Nanochelating technology was used to design and synthesize the AgNPs. The histopathological findings in skin and tissue of micemodels have been assessed via histopathological analysis.All samples were visualized by an independent pathologist. The results of each sample have reported as follow, micrograph of the skin cells shows the normal architecture and cells in all samples. Moreover, histopathological evaluation of samples shows normal without any significant pathological changes compared to control groups in volume of derm and epiderm, and the number of fibroblast, neutrophil, and macrophage.In summary, this study has observed no obvious decline of immunological performance and morphological signs of skin damage in the mice caused by nanochelating based AgNPs exposure. These findings could provide a fundamental understanding of the intrinsic toxicity associated with nanochelating based AgNPs in biological models. Moreover, this study would arisetypical attentions on the future applications of nanochelating based AgNPs on human, which is valuable for short-term and low-dose treatment in nanomedicines. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - High-Speed Ternary Half adder based on GNRFET
Mahdieh Nayeri Peiman Keshavarzian Maryam NayeriSuperior electronic properties of graphene make it a substitute candidate for beyond-CMOS nanoelectronics in electronic devices such as the field-effect transistors (FETs), tunnel barriers, and quantum dots. The armchair-edge graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs), which have sem MoreSuperior electronic properties of graphene make it a substitute candidate for beyond-CMOS nanoelectronics in electronic devices such as the field-effect transistors (FETs), tunnel barriers, and quantum dots. The armchair-edge graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs), which have semiconductor behavior, are used to design the digital circuits. This paper presents a new design of ternary half adder based on graphene nanoribbon FETs (GNRFETs). Because of reducing chip area and integrated circuit (IC) interconnects, ternary value logic is a good alternative to binary logic. Extensive simulations have been performed in Hspice with 15-nm GNRFET technology to investigate the power consumption and delay. Results show that the proposed design is very high-speed in comparison with carbon nanotube FETs (CNTFETs). The proposed ternary half adder based on GNRFET at 0.9V exhibiting a low power-delay-product (PDP) of ~10-20 J, which is a high improvement in comparison with the ternary circuits based on CNTFET, lately proposed in the literature. This proposed ternary half adder can be advantageous in complex arithmetic circuits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Optimization of fuel ratio in solution combustion method for fabrication of nickel aluminate spinel used in the esterification reaction
Hamed Nayebzadeh Alireza Heydari Ali Ahmadpour Naser Saghatoleslami Amir-Hossein AzmoonIn this study, the solution combustion method as a simple, fast, and cost-effective method was utilized for the fabrication of spinel nickel aluminate as a stable material to use in the esterification reaction. The effect of fuel amount (urea) as an important parameter MoreIn this study, the solution combustion method as a simple, fast, and cost-effective method was utilized for the fabrication of spinel nickel aluminate as a stable material to use in the esterification reaction. The effect of fuel amount (urea) as an important parameter of the solution combustion method on the structure, properties, and performance of the sample was evaluated. The results of characterization analyses revealed the highest crystallinity with the desired diffusion of nickel cations in alumina lattice was obtained for the sample prepared at a fuel ratio of 1.5. Moreover, a large pore size without any agglomerated particle was observed because of releasing a huge amount of gases and high reaction temperature formed during the combustion reaction. The sulfate groups were impregnated on the NiAl2O4 surface to increase the sample activity in the esterification reaction. The chelating bidentate structure can confirm suitable bonding of sulfate groups with the surface of NiAl2O4. Evaluating the nanocatalyst activity in the esterification reaction of oleic acid confirmed the high activity of SO42-/NiAl2O4 nanocatalyst (94.2%) at the optimum condition of 120℃, 6 molar ratio of methanol/oleic acid, 3 wt.% of catalyst, and 3 h reaction time. In addition, stability assessment of nanocatalyst with and without post-treatment after each run exhibited that the porosity blocking and poisoning of the surface functional group were the major reasons for reducing the activity of the nanocatalyst. This activity was increased more than two times when the nanocatalyst was treated by washing and calcination (five cycles) after each use. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Modelling the degradation of Sunset Yellow FCF azo dye by Fe2O3/Bentonite catalyst using artificial neural networks
Reza Moradi Mohammad Ehsan Mosayebian Kazem MahanpoorIn this paper, the precipitation method has been used to stabilize Fe2O3 particles on Bentonite zeolite (BEN). Fe2O3/BEN catalysts have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analys MoreIn this paper, the precipitation method has been used to stabilize Fe2O3 particles on Bentonite zeolite (BEN). Fe2O3/BEN catalysts have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Artificial neural network (ANN) was used for modelling the photocatalytic degradation of Sunset Yellow FCF (SYF) azo dye in aqueous solution under irradiation in the batch photoreactor. The parameters including pH, catalyst amount, dye concentration and H2O2 concentration were applied as input; the output of the network was degradation percentage. Modelling the results the photocatalytic degradation of dye using a feed forward back propagation three-layer network, topology (4:7:1) with four neurons in the input layer, seven neurons in the hidden layer and one neuron in the output layer were used. Comparison between data obtained from ANN and experimental data indicated that the proposed ANN model provides reasonable predictive performance. The optimum conditions were as follow: pH= 4, catalyst amount=60 mg/L, dye concentration =50 ppm and H2O2 concentration =32 ppm. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis of the dye under optimum conditions showed 91% reduction in 80 min period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Fabrication and photocatalytic degradation of reactive blue 19 by CuWO4, Ag3PO4 and CuWO4-Ag3PO4 composites under visible light irradiation
Mohammad javad Asadollahzadeh Aliakbar Arabameri Hamed Rashidi Javad seyfiCuWO4 nano-powder was synthesized via a hydrothermal reaction using CuCl2.2H2O and Na2WO4.2H2O in the stoichiometric 1:1 Cu:W molar ratio and sodium citrate as raw materials. Also, Ag3PO4 was synthesized by a precipitation method using Na2HPO4 and AgNO3. Finally, CuWO4- MoreCuWO4 nano-powder was synthesized via a hydrothermal reaction using CuCl2.2H2O and Na2WO4.2H2O in the stoichiometric 1:1 Cu:W molar ratio and sodium citrate as raw materials. Also, Ag3PO4 was synthesized by a precipitation method using Na2HPO4 and AgNO3. Finally, CuWO4-Ag3PO4 nanocomposite was synthesized in a precipitation route using the as-synthesized CuWO4 and Ag3PO4 as raw materials. The synthesized materials were characterized by the powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique. In order to investigate the effect of concentration of the Basic solutions on the obtained materials morphology, the synthesized materials' morphologies were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) technique. As shown by the FESEM images, the CuWO4 material morphology was spherical particles. Besides, the photocatalytic performance of the as-synthesized nanocomposites was studied for the degradation of Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) under direct visible light irradiation. For this purpose, several reaction parameters that affect the degradation yield, such as catalyst amount, pH value, and absence/presence of light, were investigated. The results indicate the higher photocatalytic yield at the presence of light irradiation when the solution's pH value was in the acidic range and the weight percent of silver phosphate in the composite mixture and the catalyst amount was more. The information revealed that a 0.05 g nanocomposite containing 0.24 mmole of Ag3PO4, with an initial pH of 3 and 100 mL of RB 19 with 30 mg/L concentration, approximately after 30 min, could remove completely under visible light illumination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - ZnO/WO3 nanocomposites: Pechini sol-gel synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic performance for desulfurization of thiophene
Mehdi Mousavi-Kamazani Nahid Kalhori Mohammad GhodratiIn recent decades, considerable research about the destruction of hazardous pollutants sulfur from petroleum products was conducted. However, reforms in this area have not been satisfactory and efforts are ongoing. The aim of this study was to investigate and overcome t MoreIn recent decades, considerable research about the destruction of hazardous pollutants sulfur from petroleum products was conducted. However, reforms in this area have not been satisfactory and efforts are ongoing. The aim of this study was to investigate and overcome thiophene sulfur contaminants using high purity synthesized ZnO/WO3 nanocomposite and homogeneous composition by Pechini sol-gel method at low temperature. Zinc oxide is one of the most dynamic elements known in this field, its presence together with tungsten oxide prevents the crystallization of tungsten nanoparticles. Fuzzy structure, percentage of elements, surface morphology, penetration reflection spectrum, and photocatalytic degradation of thiophene were determined by XRD, EDS, SEM, and DRS analyzes, respectively. DRS results indicate high light absorption, reduced bandgap due to the presence of WO3 after combination with ZnO, and increased efficiency. Finally, the nanocomposite with more than 84% efficiency resulted in the degradation of oxidative desulfurization of thiophene after 150 min under visible light. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by Achillea eriophora DC. extract
Gholamreza Zarei Navid BaladiNanoparticles have a wide range of applications due to their unique biological and physicochemical properties. Among metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles are of special importance due to their wide application. Although there are several chemical and physical metho MoreNanoparticles have a wide range of applications due to their unique biological and physicochemical properties. Among metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles are of special importance due to their wide application. Although there are several chemical and physical methods for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, biological methods are more suitable due to their time and low energy, non-use of toxic solvents and biocompatibility. In this study, aqueous extract of dried flowers of Achillea eriophora (Shirazi yarrow) was used as a reducing agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The reaction was performed at room temperature and showed a change in color from pale yellow to dark brown to form silver nanoparticles. UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and particle sizing (PSA) were used to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the formed nanoparticles. The presence of an absorption peak at a wavelength of about 450 nm confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles. SEM results showed that, the shape of particles was spherical and their particle size ranges were from 38 to 144 nm. FTIR results also showed the role of reducing groups on the surface of nanoparticles. The results of PSA showed that the particles have low polydispersity and the extract is desirable for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Based on these results, it can be said that the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by Shirazi yarrow extract is a simple, fast, non-toxic and biocompatible method and can be used in food, medicine and agriculture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - A novel investigation on characterization of bioactive glass cement and chitosan-gelatin membrane for jawbone tissue engineering
Farhad Ghomi َAzadeh Asefnejad Morteza Daliri Vahabeddin Godarzi Mehran HematiThe aim of this work was to investigate the characterization of a bioactive glass (BG) ceramic prepared by sol–gel technique and chitosan-gelatin membranes prepared by lyophilization technique containing 0, 1 and 2 vol.% ethanol. Early-absorbing and late-absorbing MoreThe aim of this work was to investigate the characterization of a bioactive glass (BG) ceramic prepared by sol–gel technique and chitosan-gelatin membranes prepared by lyophilization technique containing 0, 1 and 2 vol.% ethanol. Early-absorbing and late-absorbing bone substitutes in practice constitute the main volume of bone substitutes used by dentist and orthopedic surgeons. When the graft is to be gradually replaced by normal bone, the important issue is the duration and rate of graft absorption. The prepared samples were characterized using fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The presence of Ag nanoparticles into bioactive glass was evaluated. Porous membranes were examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to estimate the size of the pores and analysis the morphological behavior. The pore diameter could be controlled within the range 10–30 µm by adjusting the percent of ethanol. The formation of needle-like hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals on the surface of the membrane after 7 days immersion in the ringer's solution was also assessed using SEM images. The SEM images results illustrated the porous structures in the membranes. The average pore size for chitosan-gelatin membrane with 2% ethanol were 30±6.3 μm. Finally, these obtained results suggested that the developed membrane with 2% ethanol possess the prerequisites for tissue engineering and can be used for jawbone tissue engineering applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Electrochemical sensor based on SmHCF/multiwalled carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode for dopamine
taher yousefi Ghasem Adollahi Mohammad hossein mashadizadeh ramin yavariSmHCF/(MWCNT) nano structures modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode was used as electrochemical sensor for the electro oxidation of dopamine. Our strategy was the combination of high electrocatalytic property of SmHCF to electroactive biomolecule and high conductivity, MoreSmHCF/(MWCNT) nano structures modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode was used as electrochemical sensor for the electro oxidation of dopamine. Our strategy was the combination of high electrocatalytic property of SmHCF to electroactive biomolecule and high conductivity, surface area and adhesive properties of carbon nanotubes. The presence of SmHCF nanoparticles and MWCNT were approved by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The electrocatalytic performance of GC, SmHCF-GC, MWCNT-GC and SmHCF-MWCNT-GC electrodes toward dopamine was compared and the results cleared the enhanced electrocatalytic activity of SmHCF-MWCNT-GC (lowering the potential of the oxidation process and increased oxidation current peak.) relative to others. This unique combination leads to improvement of the sensitivity of dopamine determination. The differential pulse voltammetry was used for quantitative determination of dopamine. The linear dynamic range relationship between oxidation peak currents and dopamine concentration was 2× 10-7 - 5× 10-6 (slope = 24.187 µAµM-1) with the detection limit of 6× 10-8 for DA. The sensitivity of the electrode was 24.187 µAµM-1 that it is very high relative to reported works. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the reproducibility (5 modified electrodes), repeatability (successive 10 times), and stability (50 days) of the modified electrode were 3%, 3% and 2.5% respectively. The accuracy and selectivity of the modified electrode were indicated in the real sample as human serum samples and in the presence of possible interfering agents. Good selectivity and recovery were observed for modified electrode. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Using chicken-eggshell-derived calcium oxide as an ideal catalyst towards esterification of high-included free fatty acid waste cooking oil; Application of Taguchi method
Ali Shokuhi Rad Mazyar Sharifzadeh BaeiIn this study, we used chicken eggshells as a low-cost catalyst for the esterification process of oil with a high fatty acid (FFA) content. We used the Taguchi method to optimize both esterification and transesterification steps. The waste chicken eggshell was calcinate MoreIn this study, we used chicken eggshells as a low-cost catalyst for the esterification process of oil with a high fatty acid (FFA) content. We used the Taguchi method to optimize both esterification and transesterification steps. The waste chicken eggshell was calcinated at a temperature of 700°C for 4 hours to synthesize calcium oxide (CaO) active catalyst. The newly obtained catalyst was characterized by BET, TEM, and SEM. Then, this catalyst was employed for the transesterification of waste cooking oil. This work aimed to optimize critical parameters in preparing biodiesel production of waste cooking oil to maximize efficiency. Hence, the effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst amount, and methanol/ oil molar ratio on biodiesel yield were investigated and optimized through the Taguchi method. The maximum biodiesel efficiency is calculated to be 84% through transesterification at the following optimum conditions: the reaction temperature of 80°C, the reaction time of 1.5 h, the ratio of methanol/oil of 10:1, and the catalyst amount of 2% w/w. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity of nanoZnO and Ni-Co-ZnO nanocomposites
Sara Poorarjmand Maryam Kargar Razi Ali Reza Mahjoub Morteza KhosraviPhotocatalysis has attracted significant attention as a potential issue for degradation of toxic organic pollutants such as Congo Red. In this research spherical Pure ZnO nano particles and Ni-Co-ZnO nano composites (Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O, Zn0.95Ni0.025Co0.025O and Zn0. MorePhotocatalysis has attracted significant attention as a potential issue for degradation of toxic organic pollutants such as Congo Red. In this research spherical Pure ZnO nano particles and Ni-Co-ZnO nano composites (Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O, Zn0.95Ni0.025Co0.025O and Zn0.95Ni0.01Co0.04O) have been synthesized by precipitation method. X- ray diffraction, Fourier transform Infra Red ,field emission scanning electron microscopy, EDX and ICP analysis confirmed the structure and composition of samples. The x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed that all samples prepared were of Wurtzite structure and average crystal size of 17nm. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis revealed the spherical shape of all samples. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed bands at 435 cm-1, 480 cm-1 and 525 cm-1 are related to Zn-O bonds , related to the stretching vibrating bonds of ZnO. The results illustrated the Ni and Co ions substituted the Zn ions in ZnO crystal lattice successfully. The results showed that some of doped Ni-Co ZnO exhibit enhanced photocatalytic activity , as compared to pure ZnO. Kinetic of de-colorization process for all photo-catalysts followed psedu first order. In degradation process The best photocatlyst was (Zn0.95Ni0.04Co0.01O). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - The effect of Mn doping on structural, magnetic and optical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles
alireza razeghizadeh elham elahi vahdat rafeeThe aim of this paper is to study the effect of Mn concentration on the structural, magnetic and optical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles. TiO2 nano powders with Mn concentration of 0%, 0.2%, 1% and 5% were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The structural, surface morp MoreThe aim of this paper is to study the effect of Mn concentration on the structural, magnetic and optical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles. TiO2 nano powders with Mn concentration of 0%, 0.2%, 1% and 5% were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The structural, surface morphology and average crystal grain size, optical, magnetic properties and chemical compounds of the samples are studied using XRD, FE-SEM, Uv-Vis, VSM and EDX analysis respectively. The results indicate that the samples are crystallized at anatase phase. Also, the average size of the nanoparticles is decreased by increasing Mn doping percent. The study of the optical properties shows that the absorption maximum dislocates toward higher wavelengths by adding Mn to the sample. This shift may be ascribed to the enhanced trapped electron absorption caused by the Mn-doped ions. The optical energy band gap of the doping samples shows significant reduction rather the pure state. The samples show significant paramagnetic behavior when the Mn concentration is 5%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Preparation, structure of the bioactivity of fluoride apatite-bioactive glass 453P4 nano-composite
Sahebali Manafi fatemeh MirjaliliThis research has been done to study characteristic and biocompatible evaluation of a nano bio composite ceramic with the bioglass as a first phase. In this regard synthesis of this bioglass of 453P4 has been considered as the first phase and flour apatite considered as MoreThis research has been done to study characteristic and biocompatible evaluation of a nano bio composite ceramic with the bioglass as a first phase. In this regard synthesis of this bioglass of 453P4 has been considered as the first phase and flour apatite considered as the second phase. Afterwards, nano composite with the base of bioglass 453P4 has been synthesized by sol-gel method. The synthesized nanoparticles and nanocomposite have been characterized with the help of different techniques, using field emission scanning electron microscope, x-ray powder diffraction, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence to evaluate crystal structure, microstructure, and morphology. The results of this section indicated a synthesis of bioglass453P4-fluor apatite nano composite with particle size about of 20-30 nm in crystals for all samples and 70-90% crystallinity . Result of FTIR analyses showed that the purity in the structure of this nano composite .The result of MTT assay indicated nontoxicity and decreased cell viability in 7 days compared with the first day. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Crosslinked sulfonated polyacrylamide (Cross-PAA-SO3H) attached to nano-Fe3O4 as a superior catalyst for the synthesis of oxindoles
Hossein Shahbazi-Alavi Javad Safaei-GhomiCrosslinked sulfonated polyacrylamide (Cross- PAA- SO3H) attached to nano - Fe3O4 as an efficient heterogeneous solid acid catalyst has been used for the preparation of spiro[ pyrazoloquinoline - oxindoles] and spiro[ chromenopyrazolo - oxindoles] through a four-compone MoreCrosslinked sulfonated polyacrylamide (Cross- PAA- SO3H) attached to nano - Fe3O4 as an efficient heterogeneous solid acid catalyst has been used for the preparation of spiro[ pyrazoloquinoline - oxindoles] and spiro[ chromenopyrazolo - oxindoles] through a four-component reactions of phenylhydrazine or hydrazine hydrate, isatins, ketoesters and naphthylamine or 2 - naphthol under reflux condition in ethanol.Spirooxindoles have appeared as a series of significant heterocycles due to their presence in a wide spectrum of natural and synthetic organic compounds. These activities make spirooxindoles attractive goals in organic synthesis. The modifying crosslinked polyacrylamides make them attractive objects in chemistry and polymer science. Sulfonated polyacrylamides have unique characteristics such as high strength, hydrophilicity, and proton conductivity. The statistic of results from SEM images clearly demonstrate that the average size of Cross-PAA-SO3H@nano-Fe3O4 is about 7-25 nanometers. The remarkable advantages of this methodology are easy work-up, short reaction times, high to excellent product yields, operational simplicity, low catalyst loading and reusability of the catalyst. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Theoretical investigation of optical properties of Aluminum zig-zag thin films
Maryam Gholizadeh Arashti Mahsa FakharpourThe transmission matrix method was applied to model the reflection and transmission co-polarization spectra of zig-zag aluminum thin films by different arm numbers and lengths and the optical spectra of the zig-zag nanostructures for both s- and p- polarized lights were MoreThe transmission matrix method was applied to model the reflection and transmission co-polarization spectra of zig-zag aluminum thin films by different arm numbers and lengths and the optical spectra of the zig-zag nanostructures for both s- and p- polarized lights were obtained at different incident angles. According to the results, for the s- polarized incident light, the transmission reduces and the reflection increases by incident angle. For the p- polarized light, the reflection reduces else for the incident directions near the Bruster’s angle and the transmission almost remains constant. The numbers of Bragg peaks via arm number were also considered for s-polarized light at the 〖60〗^° incident angle. The results determined four arms as the period of zig-zag structure. Besides, the red and blue shifts were observed for the wavelengths smaller and greater than 550 nm, respectively. At last, no Bragg peak was observed for p-polarized light at all incident angles. Manuscript profile
-
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024