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        1 - Low temperature hydrothermal synthesis, evaluation of band gap energies and catalytic performance for Biginelli reactions of Sr2-xAxNb2O7+δ (A=Eu3+ and Nd3+) (x = 0.01 and 0.05) nanomaterials
        shahin khademinia mahdi behzad
        Nano powders Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 were prepared by a low temperature hydrothermal method at 120 ºC for 48 h followed by annealing at 400 ᵒC for 3 h among Sr(NO3)2 and Nb2O5, Eu2O3 and Nd2O3 raw materials at stoichiometric 1:1 Sr:Nb molar ratio. Characterizati More
        Nano powders Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 were prepared by a low temperature hydrothermal method at 120 ºC for 48 h followed by annealing at 400 ᵒC for 3 h among Sr(NO3)2 and Nb2O5, Eu2O3 and Nd2O3 raw materials at stoichiometric 1:1 Sr:Nb molar ratio. Characterization of the synthesized materials was performed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) technique. FullProf program employing profile matching with constant scale factors was employed for structural analysis. The results showed that the patterns had a main Sr2Nb2O7 orthorhombic crystal structure with space group Cmc21. FESEM images showed that the synthesized nanomaterials had flower morphologies. Ultraviolet-visible spectra analysis showed that the synthesized Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 nanomaterials had light absorption in the ultraviolet light region. The direct optical band gap energies obtained from UV-Vis absorption spectra were 3.45, 3.50 and 3.80 eV for pure Sr2Nb2O7, S2 and S4, respectively. The catalytic activity of the obtained materials in the one-pot synthesis of the heterocyclic compounds 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs) in Biginelli reaction is investigated. The optimized 0.03 g of the catalyst, 95 ºC reaction temperature, and 60 min reaction time are used for the other Biginelli reactions in this work. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Solid state synthesis, crystal structure, evaluation of direct and indirect band gap energies and optimization of reaction parameters for As2Ni3O8 nanomaterials
        Alireza Hakimyfard shahin khademinia masumeh rahimkhani
        Nanostructured As2Ni3O8 samples were synthesized via facile solid state reactions at 850 and 950 °C for 8h using As2O3, Ni(CH3COO)2.2H2O and Ni(NO3)2.6H2O raw materials. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique and fo More
        Nanostructured As2Ni3O8 samples were synthesized via facile solid state reactions at 850 and 950 °C for 8h using As2O3, Ni(CH3COO)2.2H2O and Ni(NO3)2.6H2O raw materials. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique and fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The rietveld analyses showed that the obtained materials were crystallized well in monoclinic crystal structure with the space group P121/c1. The lattice parameters of the targets were about a = 5.76 Å, b = 9.54 Å and c = 10.18 Å with β = 92.95 °. It was found that nickel nitrate created a highly crystalline and pure As2Ni3O8 structure. However, nickel acetate created the target with lower purity and crystal phase growth; it produced the samples with smaller crystallite sizes. Reaction temperature changing showed that the parameter affected on the crystal growth of the obtained materials. The morphologies of the synthesized materials were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) technique. Ultraviolet-visible spectra showed that the synthesized As2Ni3O8 nanomaterials had strong light absorption in the ultraviolet - visible light region. The direct optical band gaps were 2.6 and 2.5 eV for S1 and S3, respectively. The data showed that the band gaps were decreased by increasing the reaction temperature. This is due to the increasing the crystallite sizes of the obtained materials. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Low temperature hydrothermal synthesis, evaluation of band gap energies and catalytic performance for Biginelli reactions of Sr2-xAxNb2O7+δ (A=Eu3+ and Nd3+) (x = 0.01 and 0.05) nanomaterials
        shahin khademinia Mahdi Behzad
        Nano powders Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 were prepared by a low temperature hydrothermalmethod at 120 ºC for 48 h followed by annealing at 400 ᵒC for 3 h among Sr(NO3)2and Nb2O5, Eu2O3 and Nd2O3 raw materials at stoichiometric 1:1 Sr:Nb molar ratio. Characteriza More
        Nano powders Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 were prepared by a low temperature hydrothermalmethod at 120 ºC for 48 h followed by annealing at 400 ᵒC for 3 h among Sr(NO3)2and Nb2O5, Eu2O3 and Nd2O3 raw materials at stoichiometric 1:1 Sr:Nb molar ratio. Characterizationof the synthesized materials was performed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD)technique. FullProf program employing profile matching with constant scale factors was employedfor structural analysis. The results showed that the patterns had a main Sr2Nb2O7 orthorhombiccrystal structure with space group . FESEM images showed that the synthesizednanomaterials had flower morphologies. Ultraviolet-visible spectra analysis showed that thesynthesized Eu3+ and Nd3+ - doped Sr2Nb2O7 nanomaterials had light absorption in the ultravioletlight region. The direct optical band gap energies obtained from UV-Vis absorption spectrawere 3.45, 3.50 and 3.80 eV for pure Sr2Nb2O7, S2 and S4, respectively. The catalytic activity ofthe obtained materials in the one-pot synthesis of the heterocyclic compounds 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs) in Biginelli reaction is investigated. The optimized 0.03 g of thecatalyst, 95 ºC reaction temperature, and 60 min reaction time are used for the other Biginellireactions in this work. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Facile Synthesis of Pd/Cu2O Octahedral with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity and Its Application of Degradation of Direct Red 278
        Shahla Ekhtiyari Leila Kafi-Ahmadi Shahin Khademinia
        Doping some lanthanide ions into Sr2As2O7 crystal system is reported for thefirst time by a simple solvothermal method using Sr(NO3)2, As2O3, Er2O3 andNd2O3 compounds. Characterization of the as-synthesized nanomaterials isdone by powder X-ray (PXRD) analysis. Rietveld' More
        Doping some lanthanide ions into Sr2As2O7 crystal system is reported for thefirst time by a simple solvothermal method using Sr(NO3)2, As2O3, Er2O3 andNd2O3 compounds. Characterization of the as-synthesized nanomaterials isdone by powder X-ray (PXRD) analysis. Rietveld's analysis data confirmed thatthe synthesized materials were crystallized in a mixture of three crystal phases.FESEM images revealed that dopant ion type had a considerable effect on themorphology of the final product. The data showed that the morphology of thesynthesized materials was comb-like structure and particle. Direct bandgapenergy (Eg) of the materials obtained using ultraviolet-visible spectra showed thatthe Eg was about 3.5 eV. The synthesized nanomaterials were used as catalysts inthe Biginelli reactions. The data confirmed that the materials could behave asLewis acid catalyst in the reactions. The catalytic performance of the synthesizedsample was 92% when the catalyst amount was 0.03 g, the reaction temperature was90 °C and the reaction time was 100 min. Manuscript profile