The aim of this research is to design scenarios based on cooperative game theory scenarios to examine the rewards and penalties observed from sharing or not sharing knowledge among companies. The statistical population of the study includes managers and experts from 10 subsidiary companies of the National Iranian Oil Company, among whom 10 senior managers were selected for pairwise comparisons using the snowball sampling method. The research method is classified as descriptive, applied, interpretive, exploratory, with a quantitative and qualitative nature. This study emphasizes the importance of efficient knowledge sharing as a means to foster cooperative in the investment portfolios of the National Iranian Oil Company to compete with foreign competitors during sanctions. By reviewing the results of the four scenarios derived from the game, it was observed that the rewards companies receive from sharing knowledge are dependent on the behavior resulting from knowledge sharing by other companies. The more capable an organization is in influential factors related to knowledge transfer and innovation; the more benefits companies will gain if they cooperate. Sensitivity analysis regarding the costs of project cooperative, which arises due to the difficulty of implementing joint projects, showed that as the costs increase, companies tend to shift from a cooperative strategy towards a retaliation strategy and then towards a non-cooperative strategy. The impact of companies' intellectual capital status on the selection of cooperative strategies was observed. Companies that decide to collaborate, if equipped with higher intellectual capital due to experience and empowerment, tend to prefer an optimal strategy towards cooperative.
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