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Open Access Article
1 - Study Relationship Between Organizational Culture and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) (Case Study: Amol Industrial Town
Iman Ghasemi Delarestaghi Zohre Esmaielzade Hamid ShafizadehThe main purpose of this research is studying relationship between organizational culture and improving total productive maintenance (TPM) in Amol industrial town. This research according to its goal, is functional and according to its method is a descriptive and correl MoreThe main purpose of this research is studying relationship between organizational culture and improving total productive maintenance (TPM) in Amol industrial town. This research according to its goal, is functional and according to its method is a descriptive and correlation study. Statistical population of this research consists of Amol industrial town’s companies so that these companies have experience about total productive maintenance and other relevant subjects of it. Number of statistical population’s companies are 110 companies and among them, 86 companies have been chosen as statistical sample. In this research a questionnaire has been used which reliability of it was measured by using Cornbrash’s Alpha. Coefficient of it for organizational culture is .865 and for improving total productive maintenance is .831. Pearson Correlation Coefficient has been used for testing hypothesizes and also for analyzing data, Spss16 and Minitab14 soft wares have been used. Conclusions resulted from testing hypothesizes, show that there is a positive correlation between each four factor of organizational culture factors i.e. creating team, learning, top management’s support and communication with improving total productive maintenance. But there is not a correlation between another factor of organizational culture i.e. negotiation and improving total productive maintenance. Also, Conclusions resulted from testing the main hypothesis of this research show that there is a positive and strong correlation between organizational culture and improving total productive maintenance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Economic balance of international contracts in the light of renegotiation with emphasis on oil contracts
Adham Haghgozar Ali Rostamifar Najad Ali AlmasiThe special characteristics of oil contracts require that these contracts always have economic stability and balance. Disruption of the economic balance in these contracts will bring harmful results both economically and legally. Generally, the stakeholders of the oil s MoreThe special characteristics of oil contracts require that these contracts always have economic stability and balance. Disruption of the economic balance in these contracts will bring harmful results both economically and legally. Generally, the stakeholders of the oil sector prefer to use the renegotiation clause to prevent the disruption of the economic balance of these contracts. Sometimes, despite not foreseeing this condition, one of the parties, who is basically an investor, will request renegotiation and in the results of establishing an economic balance (although this request will not necessarily mean reaching an agreement and an effective result) and the other party will also have the right to make such a request, but in any case, the parties must use their efforts in good faith to achieve the desired result, but the mere failure to achieve the result will not be a license to demand or compensate the other party. The question is, how can renegotiation lead to the establishment or effect of economic balance in oil contracts? In other words, how can the fundamental change of economic conditions in oil contracts be resolved with the condition of renegotiation. The findings of this research show that with the loss of profitability of oil projects, the contracts have undergone a fundamental change, and to maintain the stability of the contract and the continuity of the project, there will be no other choice but to resort to renegotiation to establish economic balance; In any case, renegotiation requires the goodwill of the parties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Strategic Positioning of Saderat Bank Brand from the Viewpoint of Legal Customers – Manufacturing Units of Southern Khorasan Province
L. Mahmoodi S. A. R. Davoodi T. Sadeghi A. Kafashpor F. YosefzadehThis study aims to study the position of Saderat Bank Brand, Sepah, Mellat, Melli, Parsian, Eghtesad Novin, and Tejarat banks in attracting legal customers – manufacturing units. The study used a mixed/combined methodology. The positioning process and the perceptu MoreThis study aims to study the position of Saderat Bank Brand, Sepah, Mellat, Melli, Parsian, Eghtesad Novin, and Tejarat banks in attracting legal customers – manufacturing units. The study used a mixed/combined methodology. The positioning process and the perceptual map technique were applied. The population included senior managers and financial executives of manufacturing units in Sothern Khorasan Province, for which the data was gathered through surveying their opinions due to their limited number (fewer than 40). The focus group technique and the questionnaires were used at two times to collect the data. Analyses were done by analytic hierarchy process technique and non-parametrical statistics, clomograph and Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests. The results indicate that Saderat Bank and Mellat Bank have the best position in terms of processes for the provision of manufacturing units with finance, the ease of processes for providing letter of guarantee and LC, and the provision of letter of guarantee and LC. Besides, Saderat Bank enjoyed the second rank – after Mellat Bank – on the minds of customers in this section of the market with regard to the negotiation and consultation services, and interaction between bank's managers and the senior managers of manufacturing units. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Analyzing bet the mediating role of auditor narcissism them relationship between negotiation strategies with the employer and audit quality Abstract
mahdi karimishahraki Mohammadreza PoorAli Lakaye mahmod samadiGood audit quality plays an important role in corporate governance and provides independent assurance to investors and other stakeholders. Since the auditor known as the protector of the company's assets and shareholders' rights, its performance must be valid and reliab MoreGood audit quality plays an important role in corporate governance and provides independent assurance to investors and other stakeholders. Since the auditor known as the protector of the company's assets and shareholders' rights, its performance must be valid and reliable. On the other hand, narcissistic tendencies are common among auditors and these findings are worrying because narcissism is associated with various undesirable behaviors, including excessive risk-taking. The auditor's narcissism may cause problems in the negotiation process, delay the audit and negatively affect the effectiveness of the audit services. Based on this, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between negotiation strategies and audit quality with regard to the mediating role of auditor narcissism. The statistical sample studied in this research consists of 209 auditors from Isfahan city, who, using questionnaires: audit quality, Optimum negotiation strategies and Ames's narcissistic personality and structural equation modeling method, PLS software were tested. The results of the research showed that the dispute strategy has a positive effect indirectly through the mediating variable of narcissism, and the strategies: compromise, handing over and expanding the work plan indirectly have a negative effect on audit quality. However, no significant relationship found between problem solving strategy and audit quality indirectly through the mediating variable of narcissism, it is suggested to establish personality tests for the selection of auditors, CEOs and financial managers. So that the managers who are selected do not affect the quality of financial reporting far from personality disorders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - An Explanatory model for Intellectual Perception of Budgeter at Iranian Universities and Research Institutes
Farzaneh Jalali Aliabadi Bita Mashyekhi Ali Asghar Pourezzat Ezzatollah AbbasianDue to the importance of public budget in Iran, the aim of this research is to develop a model for intellectual perception of those who are involved in budget preparation at Iranian universities. For this purpose, using Grounded Theory Method and deep and unstructured i MoreDue to the importance of public budget in Iran, the aim of this research is to develop a model for intellectual perception of those who are involved in budget preparation at Iranian universities. For this purpose, using Grounded Theory Method and deep and unstructured interviews with the people who are directly involved in the budget preparation process at the sample Iranian universities, we established a paradigm model containing causal conditions, axial phenomenon, context, intervening conditions, action/interaction strategies, and the consequences. The research is done using MAXQDA software version 10 for open coding and Excel 2013 for axial and selective coding.After open, axial, and selective coding, it is extracted that the axial phenomenon in this research is "budgeting as a negotiation process". This axial phenomenon along with context and intervening conditions lead to some action or interaction strategies. Finally, the phenomenon of "slack in budget preparation" is appeared as the main consequence of this paradigm model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - A Study of the Downfall Causes of the Labor Party in Israel
Faramarz Salehi Reza Kaviani Masoud MotalebiThe purpose of the present study is to review causes of the downfall of the labor party in Israel’s political arena. The main research question is: what have been the most important causes of the decline of the labor party in Israel within the past 2 decades? The MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review causes of the downfall of the labor party in Israel’s political arena. The main research question is: what have been the most important causes of the decline of the labor party in Israel within the past 2 decades? The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that the labor party’s support and back up of peace negotiations in the Middle East and the failure of the talks have been the most important causes of the party’s downfall. From the view of Jewish voters, the above party has ignored Zionist values by some suggestions and conditions such as division of Jerusalem, creating 2 governments, and withdrawal from the Golan heights and south Lebanon. They hold that the extension of the Palestinian groups’ attacks is the result of the labor party’s talks which decreased the votes and social status. Moreover, some reasons like the party’s indifference to socialist values such as joint farms (Kibbutzniks) and more support to the rich class made the middle-class distance from the party and tend to rightist and religious parties instead. Therefore, it declined the power and penetration of this moderate party in the political arena of Israel. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Effective communication, fateful skill in Shahnameh
mina nabaie reza fahimiCharacters and their connection to the stories of Shahnameh are of particular importance Therefore, today's research on the effective communication skills of the ten life skills in the definition of the World Health Organization, all human connections have been ex MoreCharacters and their connection to the stories of Shahnameh are of particular importance Therefore, today's research on the effective communication skills of the ten life skills in the definition of the World Health Organization, all human connections have been extracted and categorized from the stories of Shahnameh. Then exemplary examples of this communication have been analyzed in this psychological work by identifying the causes and obstacles that make communication unhelpful and the painful communication and impasse. What determines which communication is effective? What factors can lead to correlation or conflict? The role of reason is intriguing, and the ideals of Iran, although it is based on wisdom, is sometimes the case of good and evil people, as well as some of the main characters, sometimes Changing the direction of the flow of communication is a central theme of this text، and, surprisingly, Ferdowsi, the professor of the power of creating a diverse relationship, finds that, one thousand years before today, the knowledge of the last part of this science has become apparent to the European, and, through this communicative skill, in the light of the prevailing doctrines, sometimes deliberately and elegantly, Effective, different. This methodology, analyzing its qualitative content and its statistical society, all of the variegated archeology of the ancient Naqvar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Measuring the potential of innovative e- collaborative writing technology to enhance writing and creativity in discourse management through negotiation of meaning and form
zohre Mohamadi Farid GhaemiGoals: This study is an investigation of innovative technology in writing skill. To this end, the potential of a designed innovative e-collaborative writing website with unique features in creating opportunities in improving writing ability, fostering creativity in mana MoreGoals: This study is an investigation of innovative technology in writing skill. To this end, the potential of a designed innovative e-collaborative writing website with unique features in creating opportunities in improving writing ability, fostering creativity in managing discourse through negotiation of form (NOF) and negotiation of meaning (NOM) in comparison with collaborative writing of Iranian learners . Method: 60 Iranian intermediate EFL learners' writing performances in two writing modalities were analyzed with respect to their potential in increasing writing achievement scores and creating a medium for NOM and NOF were analyzed. Data were collected through pretest/posttest measures, conversation and log analysis of form and meaning negotiations in collaborative and e-collaborative writing and open coding of student reflective essays. Results: Multivariate analysis of co-variance and chi-square analysis indicated that learners had higher writing scores and negotiation of meaning and form in e-collaborative Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Effects of Negotiated Syllabus on Iranian EFL Learners’ speaking fluency and Self-efficacy
Bahador Sadeqi Javad Sarvi -
Open Access Article
10 - The role of negotiation and TA in Iranians’ second language acquisition
Javad Sarvi -
Open Access Article
11 - Improving Agent Performance for Multi-Resource Negotiation Using Learning Automata and Case-Based Reasoning
Monireh Haghighatjoo Behrooz Masoumi Mohamad Reza Meybodi -
Open Access Article
12 - Sociological discourse analysis of negotiations of the Islamic consultative Assembly on the Family Protection Law
Noriyehn Ansareiy Hassan Sarayee Bagher Sarookhani Firouz RadThe study of the social and political history of Iran shows the importanceof the issue of women and the family for the leaders of the dominant andopposing political discourses. This study has been conducted with the aimof identifying the dominant discourses of the famil MoreThe study of the social and political history of Iran shows the importanceof the issue of women and the family for the leaders of the dominant andopposing political discourses. This study has been conducted with the aimof identifying the dominant discourses of the family in the IslamicConsultative Assembly and their sociological analysis. This study has beencarried out with the method of discourse analysis on the negotiations of theEighth Parliamentary Assembly on the topic of family protection law andits theoretical perspective is based on Agency-structure, system of action,representation and globalization theories. The results of the analysis of thetext and the analysis of the context of the negotiations show that, thediscourse's order of the parliament on the subject of "family and women"includes three discourses (fundamentalist traditionalism, moderatetraditionalism and modernist reformism), and the term "moderatetraditionalism" according to the context and social conditions and thepresence of a majority among the negotiators has been the dominateddiscourse. This discourse has been able to communicate between"fundamentalist discourse" (as the dominant discourse on political andeconomic structure) and “moderate traditionalism discourse" (as thedominant discourse on The structure of belief and social custom) andprevent the confrontation of these two (for example, on the subject oftemporary marriage). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Content Analysis of the Supreme Leader's (Ayatollah Khamenei) view of "Relations with America" in the period 1368-1395
Soraya Vedady Mohammad Reza RasooliHeroic flexibility", a term used by the Supreme Leader (AyatollahKhamenei) in 2013, had been raised about the political interactions. BothIran and America are characterized as two powerful and effectivediscourse in the international arena and any interaction and confron MoreHeroic flexibility", a term used by the Supreme Leader (AyatollahKhamenei) in 2013, had been raised about the political interactions. BothIran and America are characterized as two powerful and effectivediscourse in the international arena and any interaction and confrontationbetween the two countries, change many regional and global equations.Therefore, the importance of recognizing the strategies and tactics and thepolitical discourse governing these two countries is essential andimportant. This research followed content analysis approach of theSupreme Leader ( Ayatollah Khamenei) about America with an emphasison what and how to "negotiate and communicate with America" during(1986-2016) years to obtain a detailed scientific understanding about hisperspective of America. According to a purposeful sampling of all hisstatements, 209 lectures related to the concept of "America" wereobtained and classified into five basic subjects: "Islam and America","Pathology of America," "America's isolation," "America Middle Eastpolicy" and "negotiation and relationship with America". The mostfrequent issues are: in the "key Words related to Categorization of Islamand America" is "American Islam"; In "Key Words related to Pathologyof America", is related to weakness and decline in American power; in"Key Words related to America's isolation", is related to America’sisolation with the world ; in "key Words related to America Middle Eastpolicy", is failure of US middle east policies; and the most frequentkeywords in the topic of "negotiation and relationship with the UnitedStates" are related to the characteristics of the United States whichinclude: Domination, tyranny, dictatorship, aggression, Warmongeringand Being cruel. In addition to these characteristics, hostility andarrogance of America was emphasized. According to research findings,America looking for unconditional talks with Iran to impose its demandsand in the context of relations, he also contemplates a contingentrelationship (the surrender of the Islamic Republic), which in the currentsituation, neither negotiation nor a relationship with the United States, theloss is more than its profit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Impact of Transatlantic Relations on Nuclear Negotiations on Joe Biden Administration
Mehdi Miri fazel feiziIran nuclear issue has been one of the main concerns for Iran and great powers in two decades. While the nuclear negotiations as a diplomatic instrument has been fallowed in different forms and ways, putted away in Trump administration. After victory of Joe Biden in pre MoreIran nuclear issue has been one of the main concerns for Iran and great powers in two decades. While the nuclear negotiations as a diplomatic instrument has been fallowed in different forms and ways, putted away in Trump administration. After victory of Joe Biden in presidential election in U.S., Iran’s nuclear negotiations have followed by 4+1 group. Although Iran’s nuclear negotiations has been influenced by many varies variable, in this article we have focused on transatlantic relations effect. According to this, the main question is: what is the effect of transatlantic relations on Iran’s nuclear negotiations in Biden administration? For answering to this question, we tried to do this research by combining method and library and documental methods and applying the theory of constructivism. The result of this article shows, when transatlantic relations turns on multilateral and integral form as we see in Biden administration, more probably the nuclear negotiations will led to revive of JCPOA.Transatlantic , constructivism , Nato , nuclear negotiations, Joe Biden, 4+1 group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Impact of the Ukraine Crisis on Nuclear Negotiations: Perspectives and Perspectives
Jahanbakhsh Moradi Mehrbod Moradi Hossein Karimifard majid rouhiAfter Russia's military invasion of Ukraine and the deepening of the gap between Russia and the Western world, many concerns arose about the consequences and impact of these developments on the process of Iran's nuclear negotiations. And the tension that has arisen amon MoreAfter Russia's military invasion of Ukraine and the deepening of the gap between Russia and the Western world, many concerns arose about the consequences and impact of these developments on the process of Iran's nuclear negotiations. And the tension that has arisen among the countries involved in Iran's nuclear case, what path will Iran's nuclear negotiations take? In this regard, 5 views have been formed among analysts, which show a spectrum from the ineffectiveness of the Ukraine crisis on Iran's nuclear negotiations to its maximum effectiveness. Based on this, the main question here is what effect does the Ukraine crisis have on the nuclear negotiations of the Islamic Republic of Iran? This article has been written with a descriptive and analytical approach and tries to investigate this issue and by considering the available evidence and by adhering to the theory of chaos and the butterfly effect, the result obtained is that despite the existence of different views and perspectives. and sometimes contradictory; The crisis in Ukraine has affected Iran's nuclear negotiations, and this effect has led to the pursuit of de-escalation policies by the majority of countries involved in this issue. Therefore, the Islamic Republic of Iran can continue its strengthening process in the region by taking advantage of this policy and complete the nuclear negotiations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - کارایی گفتگوهای برون دادی تحریک شده متقارن و نامتقارن در تقویت گفتار
پرویز قاصدی حبیب الله مشهدی فریده اکاتی ناصر فلاحهدف از پزوهش حاضر بررسی کارایی تکیه­گاه سازی متقارن و نامتقارن بر اساس فرضیه­ی برون دادی تحریک شده بر دقت و روانی گفتار زبان آموزان بود. بدین منظور بر اساس آزمون تعیین سطح آکسفورد 41 (17 مرد و 24 زن) زبان آموز سطح متوسط به بالا از میان 80 نفر انتخاب شدند. نسخه ع Moreهدف از پزوهش حاضر بررسی کارایی تکیه­گاه سازی متقارن و نامتقارن بر اساس فرضیه­ی برون دادی تحریک شده بر دقت و روانی گفتار زبان آموزان بود. بدین منظور بر اساس آزمون تعیین سطح آکسفورد 41 (17 مرد و 24 زن) زبان آموز سطح متوسط به بالا از میان 80 نفر انتخاب شدند. نسخه عمومی آزمون زبان آیلتس (نسخه 2) برای اندازه­گیری میزان توانایی گفتاری زبان آموزان مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. سپس شرکت کنندگان به سه گروه کنترل، برون­دادی تحریک شده­ی متقارن، و برون­دادی تحریک شده­ی نامتقارن تقسیم شدند. گروه­های مورد آزمایش و کنترل طی 15 جلسه، دو بار در هفته به مدت 45 دقیقه در هر جلسه، 7 درس از کتاب نیو اینترچنج 2 را مطالعه کردند. کلاس­های گروه کنترل به صورت کلاس­های عادی گفتار برگزار شد در حالی که در تدریس گروه­های آزمایشی از فعالیت های بازگویی مطالب و تصمیم گیری استفاده شد. مصاحبه­های انجام شده، ضبط سپس رونویسی و برای تجزیه و تحلیل آماری کد گذاری شدند. نتایج حاصل از انالیز اماری داده ها بیانگر کارایی فعالیت های برون دادی تحریک شده در بهبود دقت و روانی گفتاز زبان آموزان بود. با این وجود، نتایج آزمون تست توکی نشان داد که فعالیت های برون­دادی تحریک شده­ی نامتقارن تاثیرات بهتری بر دقت گفتاری زبان آموزان دارد. همچین میانگین روانی گفتار گروه برون­دادی تحریک شده­ی نامتقارن بیشتر از گروه برون­دادی تحریک شده­ی متقارن بود. در مجموع، نتایج حاصل از پژوهش حاضر از فرضیه برون دادی تحریک شده و نظریه ی اجتماعی-فرهنگی حمایت و پیشنهاد می کند که برای تقویت گفتاری زبان آموزان از فعالیت های برون دادی تحریک شده در کلاسهای دانش آموز محور استفاده شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - تاثیرفرایندهای بازنگری-شفاهی چند مرحله ای بر پیشرفت نوشتار استدلالی زبان آموزان ایرانی
فرخ لقاء حیدریهدف این مطالعه بررسی نقش دو فرایند بازنگری-شفاهی چند مرحله ای به عنوان ابزار ارائه بازخورد بر پیشرفت نوشتار استدلالی زبان آموزان ایرانی بود. 45 دانشجوی زبان انگلیسی بطور تصادفی به سه گروه تقسیم شدند. به افراد سه گروه سه تکلیف نوشتار استدلالی داده شد که هریک نیازمند سه پ Moreهدف این مطالعه بررسی نقش دو فرایند بازنگری-شفاهی چند مرحله ای به عنوان ابزار ارائه بازخورد بر پیشرفت نوشتار استدلالی زبان آموزان ایرانی بود. 45 دانشجوی زبان انگلیسی بطور تصادفی به سه گروه تقسیم شدند. به افراد سه گروه سه تکلیف نوشتار استدلالی داده شد که هریک نیازمند سه پیش نویس مجزا بود. افراد گروه کنترل انشاءهایشان را در پاسخ به بازخورد کتبی معلم اصلاح نمودند، درحالیکه افراد دو گروه آزمایش گفتگوهای بازنگری-شفاهی با معلم یا همتای خود را تجربه کردند. دو دسته داده ی کمی و کیفی گردآوری شد: انشاءهای استدلالی نوشته شده در ابتدا و انتهای دوره و مصاحبه. نتایج بخش کمی مطالعه حاکی از عملکرد بهتر معنادار دو گروه آزمایش بود. بعلاوه، طبق نتایج مصاحبه، تفاوتهایی در رابطه با تاثیر بازخورد دریافت شده بین دو گروه آزمایش مشاهده گردید. افراد گروه همتا-محور توجه بیشتر به ساختارهای بلاغی و توانایی اصلاح خطاهای سطحی را گزارش کردند. در حالیکه، گروه بازنگری معلم-محور مسائل نوشتاری کلی تر از جمله محتوی، ساماندهی ایده ها، و گفتمان را بیان نمودند. نتایج بدست آمده خاطر نشان می سازد که شکل دهی مشترک نقشهای مشارکتی و تلفیق خاص مذاکره و حمایت به معلم اجازه میدهد تا فضای مذاکره ی حمایتی و پشتیبانی متناسب با دانش فراگیران را در گروه معلم-محور ارائه دهد تا مشارکت بیشتر فراگیر را باعث شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - A Cross-Cultural Pragmatic Study of Indirect Complaint Responses in Iranian and American News Interviews: Iran’s Nuclear Negotiations
Hadis Toofani Asl -
Open Access Article
19 - An Analysis of Israel's Approach vis-a-vis the 5+1 Negotiations with Iran within the Framework of Games Theory
Abdolreza Farajirad Majid Najaflo TorkamanAbstract Diplomacy as a subject area in international relations has been the object of analysis by game theory theorist. From the view point of these theorists in the simplest form of diplomacy between countries it is assumed that there are two governments. One of them MoreAbstract Diplomacy as a subject area in international relations has been the object of analysis by game theory theorist. From the view point of these theorists in the simplest form of diplomacy between countries it is assumed that there are two governments. One of them gives suggestion and the other one has several options before it. One accepts the offered suggestion; the other suggests a mutual option or disrupts the negotiation. If the second party puts forward mutual suggestion option, the first government faces a similar scenario which mentioned above. This process eventually ends with acceptance of one option or disrupting the whole game. One of the basic factors in choosing among different options is the expecting value of the gain which a government guesses can get from the option before her taking into consideration the passage of time. Taking into view the above principle, the negotiations of the Islamic Republic of Iran with 5+1 have gone through ups and downs. Both the parties for reaching a common solution and taking further steps have gone through a lengthy path. Meanwhile different actors with their own interest in mind have tried to follow and accompany the negotiating parties. Among these actors Israel has tried its best to weaken Iran’s position in negotiations process. From the view point of the authorities of Israel regime conclusion of any agreement which recognizes Iran’s right to enrichment is not good news for Israel. The inherent suspicion and distrust of Iran does not allow Israel to wish success for such agreement. But on the other hand Israel fears her isolation and she is compelled to accept such agreement. The present article wants to answer this question that from Israel view point what feature ideal final result of 5+1 and Iran negotiation has and what activities Israel have done to bring about that ideal model. In this direction the paper has tried to analyze the problem within the framework of game theory with zero-sum result. The cost which both parties i.e. Iran (player A) and Israel (player B) pay (in terms of policies which they pursue) between 2007 and 2012 have evaluated and analyzed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Analysis of Labor-Management Negotiation based on Chicken Evolutionary Game and Catastrophe Theory
ahmad makui Seyed Mohammad Seyedhosseini Parinaz Esmaeili Seyed Jafar Sadjadi -
Open Access Article
21 - No Negotiation, Limited Negotiation, and Extended Negotiation in Proactive Focus on Form in Vocabulary Acquisition
Parviz Maftoon Bahram Bagheri -
Open Access Article
22 - The Effect of Explicit Negotiated Syllabus on Developing Speaking Ability and Affective Variables
Gholam-Reza Abbasian Nazila Seyed-Hendi -
Open Access Article
23 - The scope of party's obligation in reaching result in renegotiation in international petroleum contracts
ahmadreza asaadinejad abdolhosein shiravi Mehdi Montazer Kourosh jafarpourField and Aims: In long-term oil and gas contracts, in order to avoid the disruption of the contractual balance during the long-term implementation of the contract, the condition of renegotiation is foreseen so that by re-negotiating the conditions and how to implement MoreField and Aims: In long-term oil and gas contracts, in order to avoid the disruption of the contractual balance during the long-term implementation of the contract, the condition of renegotiation is foreseen so that by re-negotiating the conditions and how to implement the contract, the disturbed balance will return to the contract. Although the concept of renegotiation, its structure and dimensions have been examined by other researchers, the question has not been answered that whether the inclusion of a renegotiation clause in oil contracts means obliging the parties to reach an agreement? To put it better, renegotiation is usually a commitment to the means or a commitment to the result?Method: This article is written in a descriptive-analytical way.Findings and Conclusions: The inclusion of renegotiation should not be considered merely a formal and formal act, because the purpose of including such a condition is to restore balance to the contract without the need to refer to the judicial system, so if reaching an agreement is not an obligation for the parties to the contract, basically The inclusion of such a condition lacks binding power and simply becomes a time-consuming and futile act, especially when the parties insist on their positions. The results of the studies of this article show that renegotiation is usually a commitment to the result, and the parties should reach an agreement regarding the dispute between them by resorting to such a condition and by observing the good faith of the contract. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Investigating the alignment of the political behavior of the Rouhani government with the mechanisms of the International Crisis Group
Mohamed-Ali Raafat Parvizreza Mirlotfi Ahmadreza TaheriAs the Rouhani administration began its nuclear negotiations with the P5+1, disagreements against various issues, in addition to making it difficult to reach an agreement, prolonged the process. Many NGOs and think tanks offered suggestions on nuclear negotiations and r MoreAs the Rouhani administration began its nuclear negotiations with the P5+1, disagreements against various issues, in addition to making it difficult to reach an agreement, prolonged the process. Many NGOs and think tanks offered suggestions on nuclear negotiations and resolving these differences. The International Crisis Group was one of these NGOs that was able to mediate and make recommendations to the parties to the negotiation process and, in the event of a failure of the negotiations, make recommendations that would be reviewed and sometimes accepted by governments, especially the Rouhani administration. Nin Process ultimately led to the Joint Action Plan Agreement (JCPOA) between the parties.This descriptive-explanatory study seeks to answer the question whether there has been coordination with the mechanisms of the International Crisis Group in some strategic decisions of rouhani's government in the domestic and foreign spheres. The resources of this study have been collected in a library. The results show that there is a consistency between the mechanisms and proposals presented by the International Crisis Group and some of the policies and decisions made by rouhani's government. Insistence on accepting some of the JCPOA provisions, such as reducing enrichment volumes, accepting agency inspectors' oversight of nuclear facilities, and some post-JCPOA proposals such as the approval of the F.A.T.F. or prisoner exchanges, etc. This has been in line with the group's recommendations to Rouhani's government. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Anatomy of Nuclear Talks between Iran and America until CPJA (Barjam) and Adoption of Resolution 2231
Habibollah Abolhassan ShiraziAbstract Nuclear deal between Iran and the P5 + 1 in Vienna on 23 June 94 is as a historic day in the history of international relations. The success of nuclear talks between Tehran and the P5 + 1 is example of the importance and stressing on politics and international MoreAbstract Nuclear deal between Iran and the P5 + 1 in Vienna on 23 June 94 is as a historic day in the history of international relations. The success of nuclear talks between Tehran and the P5 + 1 is example of the importance and stressing on politics and international diplomacy and will be the base of stability in the region and can be described this agreement as a victory for diplomacy. After two years of negotiations, long-term agreement between Iran and the P5 + 1 on Iran's nuclear activities and of sanctions was obtained. On 20 July 2015, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 2231 with a comprehensive program of joint action (Barjam). Security Council resolution allowing the transfer of certain nuclear-related equipment to Iran, change two waterfalls at Fordow and updates to Arak’s reactor. The resolution also authorized transfers of nuclear related activities for the implementation of specific obligations in the Barjam knows permitted. European Council also issued a statement which approved first legal action in the form of written procedures to begin implementation of a comprehensive program of action adopted accordingly. Views on the nuclear deal are different, West described it good and fair deal while Iran believes that this agreement has been made in response to the demands of the nation but the agreement has not recognized by Israel. So that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has described the agreement as a historic mistake. Persian Gulf countries also have expressed concern that this agreement is an international cover for nuclear activities of Iran. Reactions to this agreement are different and at a time when many countries have welcomed, Israel strongly opposed this and Saudi Arabia have expressed doubts about it. Israel is at the head of the victim of this agreement, Israeli officials believe Iran has achieved great prizes with the agreement that the award of hundreds of billions of dollars and Iran with such an award can continue their hegemony in the region and the world and this is a historic mistake. This paper investigates and analyzes the content of nuclear talks between Iran and America until the Security Council's 2231 resolution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The Effect of Auditor's Professional Identity on the Relationship between the Self-efficacy of Auditor-client Negotiations and Objectivity
زهره عارف منش مهران موسویAbstract The present study first examines the relationship between auditor's negotiations self-efficacy and auditor's objectivity and then, examines the mpderating role of auditor's professional identity in the relationship between auditor's negotiations self-efficacy MoreAbstract The present study first examines the relationship between auditor's negotiations self-efficacy and auditor's objectivity and then, examines the mpderating role of auditor's professional identity in the relationship between auditor's negotiations self-efficacy and auditor's objectivity. The statistical population of the study are auditors working in Yazd auditing institutes. For sample size calculation, the Cochran's formula in unlimited statistical population mood was used and sample was selected by the simple random sampling method. After confirming the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in PLS. The results of 210 completed questionnaires show that the effect of auditor's negotiations self-efficacy on auditor objectivity is positive and significant and the moderating role of auditor's professional identity in the relationship between auditor's negotiations self-efficacy and auditor's objectivity is confirmed. The Coefficient of moderating variable is positive and indicate that the relationship between auditor's negotiations self-efficacy and auditor's objectivity strengthens in the presence o professional identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - International Negotiation as an Intercultural Communication
hasan bashir mohamadsadegh esmaeili hosaein sarafraz In this article, the subject-matter is how culture affects the international negotiation. While exploring the very concept, we attempt to extract a usable definition in this field. in the next step, this paper tries to explain the interc More In this article, the subject-matter is how culture affects the international negotiation. While exploring the very concept, we attempt to extract a usable definition in this field. in the next step, this paper tries to explain the intercultural communication based on significant cultural differences, according to our approach, that is the negotiation as an intercultural communication. Therefore, we describe the cultural approach in the international and foreign relations and try to demonstrate that those are some constructions of variety of nation-states’ cultures as actors in international relations scene. In the next part, the issue of negotiation is stated as a current communicative process in international relations, while describing the process form and its content and the other various view-points in social sciences to it. Then we address the interaction between culture and negotiation by explaining variety of different cultural levels and elements that the very interaction influenced and engaged. Consequently, we focus on Iranian culture and its effect on negotiation based on Shmuel Bar`s study about Iranian culture and negotiate with Iranians in Herzliya public diplomacy document, the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and doctrines included in imam Khomeini`s commands as well.We introduce a model for any actor engaged in the negotiation process influenced by cultural context. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Investigating the Role of Internal Discourses with Iran's Nuclear Diplomacy
saeid ajorlo majid tavasoli roknabadi abbas maleki sadeq zibakalamIn this paper, the influence of domestic policy discourses on the performance of political currents in nuclear negotiations will be examined. The hypothesis of the author's article is that the belief in reformist discourse has led to détente and political develop MoreIn this paper, the influence of domestic policy discourses on the performance of political currents in nuclear negotiations will be examined. The hypothesis of the author's article is that the belief in reformist discourse has led to détente and political development that this discourse opposes the challenge to advance in nuclear technology. On the contrary, fundamentalists perceive nuclear energy as a symbol of opposition and resistance to the West. Moderates are also in favor of building trust with the West to resolve the nuclear issue by believing in economic development and cooperation with the global system. Meanwhile, the composition of the political forces within the system is measured based on belief in the outcome or opposition to the achievement. In order to test the hypothesis, while reviewing some theories, the dimensions of the ideas of the main factions of Iran's politics will be examined on the basis of discourse theory, and then their performance in the context of nuclear negotiations will be evaluated. Iran's nuclear dispute led to a link between domestic politics and foreign policy, so that the ups and downs of this case caused changes in the arrangement of the internal political forces of the system. Some of the principals approached the moderates and led to a large gap between fundamentalists. The nuclear dispute created major gaps in Iranian politics. From the distance between the clergy and the principals until the close proximity of Dr. Vahili and Dr. Larijani to the moderation spectrum. Manuscript profile
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