Gerard Genet

Open Access Article

1 - The Function of Time Components at the Beginning of the Fifth and Sixth Volume of Tarikh-e Beyhaqi
Zahra Riahizamin fahimeh heidary

10.30495/jhcin.2019.13924

Historical texts by the planning process for the expression of numerous events, are worthy for narratology investigations. The rules of narration let the historian to choose and describe an event among many events. As the narrative time is in profound connection with th More

Historical texts by the planning process for the expression of numerous events, are worthy for narratology investigations. The rules of narration let the historian to choose and describe an event among many events. As the narrative time is in profound connection with the plot, so it  has an important role in the narrative Tactics. In this survey, in order to study the type of operation and apply the element of time on Tarikh-e Beyhaqi, the time elements Gerard Genette’s theory such as flashback and flashforward, omissions and summarization, descriptive pause and etc, has been evaluated by semiotic approach. Our results show that in Beyhaqi used the narrative time and in analysis this type of time, due to numerous encasement, a multilayer structure is created, so that we can say Tarikh-e Beyhaqi’s temporality is on a similar level with the plots. The main Characteristics of Beyhaqi’s narration in this field is extraction of semantic functions from the elements of the narrative time. In this section the narrator’s willingness and valuation is visible.  Manuscript profile

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2 - Tazkeratol Awlia's Metatextualitis Based on the Gerard Genette's theory
zahra hatampour Atta Mohammad Radmanesh mahbobeh khorasani

10.30495/dk.2020.677776

Whenever based Gerard Genette's theory، first text criticizes and interprets second text their relationship will be metatextual. Accordingly can be considered two types of metatextualate forTazkeratol Awlia. The first type is the inner metatextuality or confirmatory com More

Whenever based Gerard Genette's theory، first text criticizes and interprets second text their relationship will be metatextual. Accordingly can be considered two types of metatextualate forTazkeratol Awlia. The first type is the inner metatextuality or confirmatory comments and interpretations is located in between or the end of anecdotes and sayings .Outer metatextuality includes confirmatory comments or denial about text that Finds a critical aspect and distinct interpretations of the text. Tazkeratol Awlia is the book that most of its contents is Awlia's anecdotes and sayings. According to Attar's word in his book's introduction, he intended to Quote  less from herself in the middle of his book but There are phrases in this book that is explanation and interpretation of The mystics's anecdotes and sayings and Shows the author's opinion towards them . These phrases are presented in various ways and in different titles and is considered a species of metatextuality. Also the criticisms and opinions of writers, scholars, and critics of mysticism form another form of this work's metatextualitis. Manuscript profile

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3 - An Investigation of duration in the Time Speed of Narrative Based on Gerard Genette's narratology (A Comparative Study of Gholam-Hossein Sāedī's Azādārān-e Bayal (Mourners of Bayal) and Mouloud Feraoun's Ibn al-Faqīr)
Salah al-din Abdi Abozar GolzarKhojasteh Mitra Khodadian

The time is the main element in changing an incident to a story. So, one of the important problems in structuralist theories is the situation of time in narration. This problem has a long history among thinkers and theorists. Time is a significant component in two stori More

The time is the main element in changing an incident to a story. So, one of the important problems in structuralist theories is the situation of time in narration. This problem has a long history among thinkers and theorists. Time is a significant component in two stories of Azādārān-e Bayal (Mourners of Bayal) and Ibn al-Faqīr (the poor man's son), and its importance becomes more clear by exploring and examining this element in these two stories. The most complete theory about the element of time in the story is Gerard Genette's theory. For Genette, the formation of time depends on three temporal components: order; duration; and frequency. In the present study only the second component, i.e., the duration, in the two stories of Azādārān-e Bayal and Ibn al-Faqīr is examined. The results of the study show that Azādārān-e Bayal has steady speed of time in narration of the story, whereas the narration of the story in Ibn al-Faqīr is slow with a negative acceleration, and the writer rather used a descriptive delay category. The research method of the article is analytic-descriptive and is based on the American comparative school. Manuscript profile

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4 - The analysis of narrative time in Sahar Khalifeh's Hobbi al-Awwal (My First and Only Love), according to Gerard Genette' structuralist theory
Hamideh Souri Mostafa Babak Farzaneh LEILA GHASEMI

Time is one of the main structural elements upon which stories are formed. In classics, time structure relied on a logical and causal relationship, but along with the changes in reality, time movement was subjected to the changes. The writers benefited from this element More

Time is one of the main structural elements upon which stories are formed. In classics, time structure relied on a logical and causal relationship, but along with the changes in reality, time movement was subjected to the changes. The writers benefited from this element in their narrative objectives and decided to experience other forms of the time. This attitude caused to leave sequential time and disagreement between narrative and story times. The difference between two times is made in contemporary novels by the sequence and rhythm techniques. Sahar Khalifeh retells history of Palestine through a love story in Hobbi al-Awwal (My First and Only Love), by returning to the past.  Adopting a descriptive-analytical method, this research examines time structure in the novel without attention to the concept of repetition on the basis of Genette's narrative time, and through temporal distances between the story and narrative, by using a descriptive-analytic method. The time structure of the novel due to the interference between the present and the past is scattered. This is formed by various techniques for strengthening the story's objectives, which either accelerate or decelerate the narrative and include summary, deletion, stream of consciousness, internal dialogue and rendition, making time longer in some scenes and shorter in some others. Manuscript profile

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5 - A Study of Narrative Time in the Novel Frānkenštāin fī Baghdād (Frankenstein in Baghdad) based on the model of Gerard Genet
Foad Abdollahzadeh Isa Zare Dorninani Abdolbaset Arab Yosouf Abadi Mohammad Yaghobi

Time has the most obvious function to improve the structure of the story among the constituent elements of the story. Gerard Genet, as one of the theorists in this field, provided a clear theoretical framework for evaluating and analyzing the element of time in the stor More

Time has the most obvious function to improve the structure of the story among the constituent elements of the story. Gerard Genet, as one of the theorists in this field, provided a clear theoretical framework for evaluating and analyzing the element of time in the story. Genet believes that in analyzing narrative time and comparing it with calendar time, three important categories such as order, continuity and frequency should be analyzed in order to extract and evaluate the most important narrative techniques used in each work of fiction. Ahmad Saadawi's novel Frānken&scaron;tāin fī Baghdād (Frankenstein in Baghdad) is a suitable novel for analysis based on the Genet model due to its great emphasis on time. Therefore, in the present study, an attempt is made to investigate the element of time in the novel "Frankenstein in Baghdad" based on the descriptive-analytical method and with the aim of discovering the salient aspects of time turbulence in post-modern novels. The results show that the widespread use of retrospectives, negative accelerations and positive accelerations, has caused irregularity and discontinuity in the narrative time of "Frankenstein in Baghdad". This sometimes confuses the reader in the story, which of course is one of the features of postmodern stories, and Ahmad Saadawi has been able to make good use of this techniques. Manuscript profile

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6 - Examining hyper-textuality in the stories of Noushzād and Esfandiār (with emphasis on death and death scene)
Hosnie Nakhaei Mahmoud Hasanabadi Mohammadali Mahmoudi

Based on the perspective of hyper-textuality, it is possible to search for minor and hidden effects of another work in any work, and each text can be compared with similar texts. For this reason, pre-textuality finds a special place in the field of comparative analysis More

Based on the perspective of hyper-textuality, it is possible to search for minor and hidden effects of another work in any work, and each text can be compared with similar texts. For this reason, pre-textuality finds a special place in the field of comparative analysis of texts. Some stories of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh have also a special capacity for the study of hyper-textuality, of which is the story of Noushzad, the son of Khosrow Noushin-Ravan, which is very similar to the story of Esfandiar, the famous warrior of the Shahnameh. So, this research is an attempt to explain the aspects of Ferdowsi's influence in writing Noushzad's story from Esfandiar's story using the descriptive-analytical method. Although in this research Esfandiar's story as a pretext longer than Noushzad's story as a post-text, this issue is accepted from the point of view of Genette's theory of hyper-textuality. According to the results of the research, the most important aspects of the impact of the post-text on the pre-text, which indicate the similarities between the stories studied in the current research, are: the common characteristics of the two stories characters, the same story elements (imprison, religiousity, authoritarianism, etc.), death and the images related to death, similar to Esfandiar and Noushzad. Manuscript profile

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7 - Narrative time in proverb masnavi jallal and jamal of nazlabadi according to Gerard Genette,s theory
Roghayeh Noormohammadi abdolhosein farzad

Time in narrative is one of important topies and bas ic components in creation story which is taken into consideration by different narratologists in recent decades. By examining time, we can realize the importance of an event in the writer,s opinion to achieve his goal More

Time in narrative is one of important topies and bas ic components in creation story which is taken into consideration by different narratologists in recent decades. By examining time, we can realize the importance of an event in the writer,s opinion to achieve his goal. Among these, Gerard Genettes vole, French structuralism, ln the development thory of narrative time as one of the most important advancement components in the narrative is very significant. Genette proposes his narrative time theory in three concepts:order,duration and frequency. The romantic Masnavi jamal and jallal nazlabadi Unknown poet in the ninth century- has well used the concept if time and sometimes he disturbs the sequence of liner time to make the text,turmoil and he goes back with a flashback and Sometimes he looks briefty to the future and returns to the main text again-the author has generally used positive acceleration process. Manuscript profile

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8 - Quranic Intertextuality in Baba Afzal Kashani’s Literary Works (Based on Gerard Genette’s Theory
masroureh Mokhtari Mahsa Kazempour

With the arrival of Islam in Iran Quranic teachings in the individual and social life of Muslims took a special role followed by Quranic verses and hadiths in the literary and mystical texts of the people of this land, reflected and the writers and poets of your word de More

With the arrival of Islam in Iran Quranic teachings in the individual and social life of Muslims took a special role followed by Quranic verses and hadiths in the literary and mystical texts of the people of this land, reflected and the writers and poets of your word decorated with Quranic themes and in various ways showed their writing power. Interpersonalism is one of the structuralists issues according to it, any text of the texts before itself has been influenced; therefore, the authors do not create the original effect; but it also extracts its features from the texts before it. Baba Afzal Kashani is a wise and spiritual ontologist; one of the aspects of his thoughts on human thinking and ontology and many of his topics are inspired by the verses of the holy Qur'an the word's of revelation in the works of this great wise have left many spiritual and verbal influences; as discussed in the essay by Baba Afzal Kashani (madaregolkamal and gavdanname), this influence on the depth of his thoughts is an excellent expression and a feature of his style of writing. The present research project is analytically-descriptive and uses library resource's, has examined the influence of Baba Afzal Kashani on the Qur'an and narration the results of the studies show that he has expressed his mystical thought's, using the Quran and narrative, and has created a deep link between Quranic thought's and literary-mystical thought's given the division of Gérard Genette from Intertextuality, Baba Afzal to the forms, straight (Revealing), and Non-explicit (Hidden and deliberate) and implied, the Quran and narration both in content and in the structure of the treatises have been influenced Manuscript profile

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9 - The relationship between time and the aesthetics of the play "The Crow's Mouth"
Leila javaheri Mohammad Reza Sharifzade merdad rayani makhsos

Time, as one of the important components of "narrative", has always been one of the important topics of the science of "narrative" and the theorists of this field have discussed it. In the meantime, "Gerard Genet", as the most influential theoretician about the time of More

Time, as one of the important components of "narrative", has always been one of the important topics of the science of "narrative" and the theorists of this field have discussed it. In the meantime, "Gerard Genet", as the most influential theoretician about the time of the text, has presented an independent theory about the factor of time and its role in the narrative, order And it is often distinguished. Looking at the play as a text with a conventional structure and relying on time, which includes elements such as: confusion, conflict, complexity, suspense, crisis, disaster, and landing, which follow each other in a certain order; The present research intends to use a descriptive and analytical method, while examining the temporality of the narrative play "Dehani Per Ya Kalagh" written by "Jamshid Khanian", to answer the question: what effect does the temporal model used in the play "Dahani Per Ya Kalagh" based on the approach of "Gerard Genet" have on Does this work have a structural aesthetic? Since time is one of the influential components in Jamshid Khanian's dramatic works, this article aims to show, based on the approach of "Gerard Genet", the special temporality used in the play "The Crow's Mouth" as a narrative, in order to plan and discover the hidden cause in The events and payment of the structure, creating suspense and attractiveness for the audience and adding depth and richness to the characters have been effective. Manuscript profile

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10 - Comparative Study of Genet Intertextuality with Islamic Rhetoric Theory in Nafi-e-Zahid-e Zaydari Nasavi
marjan kamyab somayeh mohamadi

According to intertextuality theory each text is affected by past texts and is inheritor of past legacy and tradition. Intertextuality studies the transformation, presence and cultural legacy of past texts in the innovation and the obvious and latent layers of texts and More

According to intertextuality theory each text is affected by past texts and is inheritor of past legacy and tradition. Intertextuality studies the transformation, presence and cultural legacy of past texts in the innovation and the obvious and latent layers of texts and reveals the identity of texts. The present studies tries to see the Gerard Genete’s  intertextual aspects in Nafsaghol Masdour based on Islamic rhetoric theory. According to Genete’s theory, types of manifest-latent, explicit-implicit intertextuality and their comparative aspects in Islamic rhetoric are studied in this work including: borrowing, quotation, inspiration and recreation, adaptation, allusion, translation, simile, plagiarism and transformation. Studying the use of previous texts based on Gentete’s theory and adapting it with Islamic rhetoric theory are the goals of this study. According to the present study the type of intertextuality with the highest frequency is obvious-intentional and adapting it with Islamic rhetoric becomes borrowing. After that implicit and latent-intentional intertextualities have the highest frequency respectively. The creativity of author in how to use previous texts and using intertextual elements and establishing novel and innovative links among previous texts and present text make the audience interested and satisfied Manuscript profile

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11 - Analysis of the mystical intertextual relations of the republican order with book of orthography based on Gerard Genet's theory
Elham Ghanavati mohammad ghasemi Ahmad khatibi khiyali aliasgar halabi

10.30495/farsij.2022.1941337.1550

Intertextuality is the production of text through interaction with the texts of its predecessors or contemporaries, in which the participation of those texts in the text in question is explicit, implicit, and implicit from one text to another. Gerard Genet is one of the More

Intertextuality is the production of text through interaction with the texts of its predecessors or contemporaries, in which the participation of those texts in the text in question is explicit, implicit, and implicit from one text to another. Gerard Genet is one of the most prominent researchers in the field of intertextuality, focusing most of his studies on the nature of narrative discourse. With this view, Suhrawardi's encyclopedias have been evaluated in the position of pre-text and the order of the Republic of Sheikh Kharghani as post-text. In this study, it is shown that Sheikh Kharghani has been influenced by the encyclopedias and most of the intertextuality in the Republic's order has been done implicitly (borrowing and inspiration) and sometimes Kharghani has an implicit view of the encyclopedias. The present article concludes that Sheikh Kharghani is in a mystical-intellectual atmosphere similar to Suhrawardi, and this closeness has led to the creation of commonalities and conceptual similarities in the work. In this research, intertextuality has been studied in the republican order and after studying the theoretical foundations, it has been adapted to Suhrawardi's encyclopedias. The result presented in a library method and in an analytical-descriptive way proves the intertextuality in the work. Manuscript profile

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12 - The Analysis of focus of Narration in Historical Novels of Gorgi Zeydan
asiye goudarzi nezhad Amirbano Karimi abdolhosaain Farzad

The term “focus of narration” that was used for the first time by Gerard Genette; The French Narratologists is a view that a writer or a narrator selects to concern it. It means that the considers the story from his or other point of view. A kind of narratio More

The term “focus of narration” that was used for the first time by Gerard Genette; The French Narratologists is a view that a writer or a narrator selects to concern it. It means that the considers the story from his or other point of view. A kind of narration that evaluates the focus of narration is called historical novel. This kind of novel reconstructs the history. This study analyses the focus of narration and the relation of narrator with the focalization in historical and romantic novels of Gorgi Zeydan. The result of this study indicated that he made use of different kinds of focus of narration in his historical novels. Manuscript profile

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13 - hypertextualite of Abu al-Atahiyyah's poems with Parvin Etesami
Dr.ali nabiolahi Dr.Mohamadjavad koochakyazdi

  The Qur'an is the best guide and morality is the most important issue in human life and the study of morality in the Qur'an is of special importance. The language of poetry is very expressive and one of the cultural characteristics, so moral Quranic poems are ver More

  The Qur'an is the best guide and morality is the most important issue in human life and the study of morality in the Qur'an is of special importance. The language of poetry is very expressive and one of the cultural characteristics, so moral Quranic poems are very important. from the point of view of intertextuality, it is the point of view of genette, that hypertextuality one of the subsets of his theory. The research method is vocabulary analysis. a genettes intertextuality approach was discussed. The statistical population is the court of Etesami and Abu al-Atahiyah. Two poets have used the Qur'an extensively. According to the division of moral issues into general ethics, slavery ethics, individual, social and environmental, The results are: in general ethics; The compatibility of man's reward with his deeds, the fact that the world is organic for the Hereafter and not its originality, In the ethics of servitude; Always knowing oneself in the presence of God and always being satisfied with the divine judgment and in individual morality, having the queen of patience in life and learning lessons from the past In the ethics of servitude; Always knowing oneself in the And pay attention to the turn of time for everyone. Manuscript profile

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14 - Investigating and analyzing Dimensions of Mehdi Akhavan Sales's influence from the verses of the Holy Quran Relying on the intertextual theory of Gerard Genet
AKRAM ZAFARI Dr.BATOOL FAKHR -E- ESLAM Dr.hossein seyyedi Dr.akbar shabany

  In recent years, in the field of literary criticism, a theory called intertextual criticism has become popular, according to which none of the texts have an independent identity and have been created under the direct or indirect influence of their previous works. More

  In recent years, in the field of literary criticism, a theory called intertextual criticism has become popular, according to which none of the texts have an independent identity and have been created under the direct or indirect influence of their previous works. The frameworks of intertextual critique were first explained by Julia Kristova, but culminated in Gerard Genet's views, so that today Genet's views are considered as a model in intertextual studies. He divides intertextuality into three categories, "explicit, implicit, and implicit," to which all texts fall. One of the sub-texts that poets pay attention to is religious characters, which in contemporary Persian literature, the Third Brotherhood is among the poets who have reflected religious issues in their poems. Citing the most important Islamic religious text, the Qur'an, he described some of his mentality and shared it with the audience. Therefore, in the present article, relying on descriptive-analytical method and citing library sources, the dimensions of the Third Brotherhood's influence on Quranic verses in four sections of content, lexical, structural and ritual stories have been studied and explored to answer these questions. It should be given that: a) The third Brotherhood has been influenced by the verses of the Qur'an? B) Which of the levels of the intertextual view has been used more in the poems of the Third Brotherhood? The foundations of Genet's intertextual theory have been used to avoid scatterbraining. The results of the research show that the poet has used the earlier text, namely the Qur'an, to explain the political, doctrinal, descriptive, protest-philosophical, moral and lyrical concepts. Manuscript profile

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15 - An Analytical study of Narration Tempo in Gharibe dar Shahr by Gholam-Hossein Saedi Based Gerard Genette’s Narratology
Seddigheh Kobra Sadaghiani Hamidreza Farzi Naser Dashtpeyma

                An effective element of narration structure is “time”. In most of the cases, narration time is against the real time. A narrative discourse is characterized by the tim More

                An effective element of narration structure is “time”. In most of the cases, narration time is against the real time. A narrative discourse is characterized by the time as a principle and typical representation of events of the story. Gerard Genette, the French structuralist theorist, provides the most comprehensive discussions about time components and the effective factors on narration tempo. Accordingly, the current study applied Genette’s theory to study the concept of time and the factors effective on acceleration or deacceleration of tempo narration in Saedi’s Gharibe dar Shahr adopting a descriptive-analytical approach. Results indicated that the volume of text against the time of event, and the use of more deaccelerating elements in narration in different parts of Gharibe dar Shahr resulted in a negative acceleration of the story and slowed its tempo. Manuscript profile

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16 - The Traces of Myths in Atash Bedune Dood (Fire without Smoke); A Review Based on Gerard Genette's Intertextuality Theory
Royā Novin Hamidrezā Farzi Ali Dehghān

Myth is one of the significant elements in the structure and content of the contemporary stories. One of Persian contemporary stories, influenced by myths, is Nader Ebrahimi's Atash Bedune Dood (Fire Without Smoke). By using descriptive-analytical method and library sou More

Myth is one of the significant elements in the structure and content of the contemporary stories. One of Persian contemporary stories, influenced by myths, is Nader Ebrahimi's Atash Bedune Dood (Fire Without Smoke). By using descriptive-analytical method and library sources and based on Gerard Genette's intertextuality theory, the present article attempts to identify the traces of myths in the story. The authors assume that Ebrahimi has consciously used mythological elements in the structure and content of his work and has established intertextual relationships. He has been influenced by mythological and epic texts, especially Shāhnāmeh. Mythological and epic stories, including Rostam and Sohrab, Fereydun, Siavash, Banu Goshasp, as well as mythological themes, such as the sanctity of tree and transformation of hero into plant have played a role in shaping the story. Based on Genette’s five subtypes of transtextuality - intertextuality, paratextuality, architextuality, metatextuality and hypotextuality - these subjects have been explored in the article. Manuscript profile

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17 - Mystical Journey in Nima Yooshij's Qale-ye Soqrim: An Analyze Based on Gerard Genette’s Theory of Narration
Rahmān Makvandi Mansooreh Shekarāmiz Sāsān Sharafi Shahin Qāsemi

Narratology, as one of the old topics in literary criticism, traces back to the ideas of Plato and Aristotle. Among recent narratologists, Gerard Genette (1930-2018) has presented one of the most consistent theories in narratology. The present research tries to apply Ge More

Narratology, as one of the old topics in literary criticism, traces back to the ideas of Plato and Aristotle. Among recent narratologists, Gerard Genette (1930-2018) has presented one of the most consistent theories in narratology. The present research tries to apply Genette’s theory in analyzing “Qale-ye Soqrim” (Soqrim Castle), a narrative poem by the Iranian poet, Nima Yooshij. By using descriptive-analytical method, first, a summary of Genette’s theory is outlined, then, the application of his theory to the analysis of the poem is presented. The purpose of the present study is to show to what extent the narrative elements have contributed to the formation of the poem as a mystical work and how far they have helped the poet to express mystical concepts. The results show that Nima Yooshij, by using appropriate narrative elements, has been able to create a work in line with the mystical works of Persian literature and to reflect mystical ideas in his poem in an effective way.     Manuscript profile

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18 - Intertextual Interaction between Qaboosname & Quotations of Sufis Based on Gerard Genette’s Theory
Ebrahim Danesh Faramarz Jalalat

10.30495/mmlq.2023.708208

Qaboosname is one of the prominent works of Persian didactic literature. It is considered a central text among Persian literary works due to its formal attractiveness and thematic variety. This book had an undeniable intertextual role in the evolution of the Persian tex More

Qaboosname is one of the prominent works of Persian didactic literature. It is considered a central text among Persian literary works due to its formal attractiveness and thematic variety. This book had an undeniable intertextual role in the evolution of the Persian textual galaxy in getting, developing, and transferring religious, social, and educational teachings. Wise quotations and pieces of educational advice are some of the valuable heritage that reached Qabooname to remarkable Persian works after it. Analyzing intertextual relations between Qaboosname and quotations of Sufis can explain the share of mysticism in Onsorolma’ali’s educational system and make us familiar with the amount and the way of intertextual application of Qaboosname and its intellectual references. It also can help us to reach a better understanding of the book and its related texts. This paper in a descriptive and analytical way has concluded that the high frequency of implicit and explicit intertextuality indicates that Qaboosname has a high level of literariness and aestheticism. The high amount of educational topics such as social, and religious issues and the necessity of linguistic and behavioral politeness signifies that social interactions are important in Onsorolma’ali’s view and intellectual framework of Sufism. Paying attention to the quotations and behaviors of the first-class Sufis of Islamic mysticism indicates that Onsorolma’ali had a firm belief in getting educational teachings from basic Sources of this movement. Manuscript profile

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19 - Studying the structure of narration in the lyrical masnavis of Khajovi Kermani with reference According to Gerard Genet's point of view, "Case study: Homai and Homayun and Gol and Nowruz"
gholamhossain khodayar ahmad ranjbar ashraf sheibaniaghdam

Masnavis "Homay and Homayun" and "Gol and Nowruz" are among the works of Khajoo –e-  Kermani in the 8th century, which describe the love and passion of two Iranian and Shami princes for the daughters of "Caesar of Rome" and "King of China". . According to the More

Masnavis "Homay and Homayun" and "Gol and Nowruz" are among the works of Khajoo –e-  Kermani in the 8th century, which describe the love and passion of two Iranian and Shami princes for the daughters of "Caesar of Rome" and "King of China". . According to the classification of literary types, these two poems can be placed in the "romance" group. In a descriptive-analytical way, this research deals with finding evidence and examples of Gerard Genet's views in the lyrical works of Khajovi Kermani and tries to answer the question that in the structure of the love stories of Khajovi Kermani, which of the components Can Gerard Genet's opinion be checked? Narratology or narrative grammar, by examining the form of a literary work, tries to achieve a semantic system beyond the text and make the narrative speech or text understandable. Narratology is a set of general rules about narrative styles, systems governing narration or storytelling, and plot structure. Genet considers five topics important for describing and analyzing the structures of literary texts: order, continuity, frequency, aspect and tone. These five factors are included in the framework of the "time in narrative" theory. The present research describes and analyzes these five topics in the narrative structure of two masnavis "Homay and Homayun" and "Gol and Nowruz". The findings indicate that the analyzed systems have a stable story and narrative structure and these five topics are clearly expressed in them. Among these components are The instantaneous and linear form of the narrative without reference to the Past, Psitive and Fixed acceleration, Existence of repetition and Frequency, addressing the details,… Manuscript profile

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20 - Investigating the mystical positions "Sabr" and "Reza" in four works Dastour al-Juhumor, Awarif al-Maarif, Manazel Al-Saerin, and Al-Sawad and Al-Bayaz, relying on Gerard Genet's intertextuality
elham ghanavatimohammadghasemi ahmad khiyali khatibi ali asghar halabi

Intertextuality is the production of text through interaction with the texts of its predecessors or contemporaries, the participation of those texts in the desired text is done explicitly, implicitly, and implicitly from one text to another. Gérard Genet is one of the More

Intertextuality is the production of text through interaction with the texts of its predecessors or contemporaries, the participation of those texts in the desired text is done explicitly, implicitly, and implicitly from one text to another. Gérard Genet is one of the most prominent researchers in the field of intertextuality, who focuses most of his studies on the nature of narrative discourse. With this point of view, the two books Manazel al-Saerin Ansari, Awarif al-Maarif Sohravardi in the pretext position and Sheikh Kharqani's Dastour al- Jumhour have been evaluated as the posttext.In this article, an attempt has been made to analyze the mystical views of these four works with the descriptive analytical method, around the two mystical positions of "Sabr" and "Reza" in order to reveal the dominant mystical aspect of their personality. From the examination of his views, it was concluded that Ibn Kharqani is very interested in practical trust, patience in hardships, and contentment with God's destiny, and his thoughts were implicitly influenced by his previous works. Manuscript profile

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21 - Analysis and narratological analysis of the novel Lab Bar Tigh based on the narratological theory of Gerard Genet
Atefe Asalii hesam ziaee Hossein Parsaei

The novel Lap Bar Tigh, written by Hossein Sanapour, is one of the significant literary works that was written in the late 80s. In this work, Sanapour has tried to present a narrative of several characters, events and incidents related to their lives and the atmosphere More

The novel Lap Bar Tigh, written by Hossein Sanapour, is one of the significant literary works that was written in the late 80s. In this work, Sanapour has tried to present a narrative of several characters, events and incidents related to their lives and the atmosphere governing their relationships. The time and historical space in which this story is told is not very clear, but the language of narration and form of the conversations, the type of speaking, the slanginess of the form of the dialogues, the social class of the characters, the use of the language The broken streets of the market and the southern part of Tehran and other similar elements evoke the atmosphere of pre-revolutionary stories and films; However, the lifestyle of the characters in the story and the atmosphere that governs the type of their relationships may also link the historical time of the narrative to later periods. From the point of view of narrative methods and techniques, the novel Lab Bar Tigh is placed under modern novels. Various methods of narration, distancing from the linear time of narration in classic works, the polyphonic form of narration in this work, the use of new ways of narrating the story and factors of this kind have led to the capacities of the novel Lab Bar Tigh from The narratological perspective is significant. In this research, by focusing on the narrative characteristics of this work, an attempt will be made to consider the dominant narrative techniques by applying the theory of narratology of the French Gerard Genet. The hypothesis of this research is that by presenting modern approaches in the field of narration, Sanapour has been able to create a work that is compatible with the narratological criteria of the modern era, and these narrative characteristics can be determined by using the theory Gerard Genet explained. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Analysis of the intertextual relation between local historiography and Shahnameh
فرشته محمدزاده Mohamad gafar yahaghi Bahman Namvar motlagh Javad Abbasi

Abstract Intertextual relationship is the most important principle in shaping new texts, nevertheless texts coming from different disciplines have always influenced one another and there exists an intertextual connection between them. Based on this notion the purpose o More

Abstract Intertextual relationship is the most important principle in shaping new texts, nevertheless texts coming from different disciplines have always influenced one another and there exists an intertextual connection between them. Based on this notion the purpose of this research is to explore and determine the extent to which the local historical writings were influenced by Shahnameh as a pretext and an ideal literary model.  Gerard Genette’s transtextuality theory which is the most complete theory in the study and recognition of the relation between texts is used in this article to find an answer to the question.  This research makes use of descriptive analytic and library method.  The study and the analysis of the textual data reveals that the local historians with significant frequency have employed four kinds of intertextual elements such as indirect speech, allusion, reference, and plagiarism in historical texts, hence Shahnameh as a pretext served as an ideal model to meet their expectations, motivations and purposes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - The analysis of the manner in which dynastic historical accounts find expression in Shahnameh on the basis of intertextuality concept forwarded by Gerard Genette
Fereshteh Mohamad zadeh Mohammad ja’far Yahaghi Bahman Namvar Motlagh Javad Abbasi

Intertextuality is based on the relationship of a text with other texts.  These texts could come from two different branches but still be dependent on one culture as Shahnameh and dynastic historical documents are of this kind in a way that close connection between More

Intertextuality is based on the relationship of a text with other texts.  These texts could come from two different branches but still be dependent on one culture as Shahnameh and dynastic historical documents are of this kind in a way that close connection between Shahnameh’s pre- texts and the dynastic historical accounts was formed during subsequent eras.  Therefore the main question and the objective in this research is the nature of the relationship that exists between Shahnameh and its historical counterpart from the sixth century till the middle of the eighth century AH.  Gerard Genette’s theory of transtextuality which is a thorough theory in this regard is used in this research.  The method of research is comparative and is based on the description and the analysis of the data.  The results obtained demonstrates that dynastic historians according to their historical views, and their own historiographic style in order to fulfill their own expectations and those of their audience had willfully chosen Shahnameh.  In this vein they had most benefitted from four kinds of intertextual figures, quotation, allusion, plagiarism, and referencing respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Narratology and the difference between fiction and dialogue based on the theories of Gerard Genette
Ro’ya Ya’aghobi

The present article is concerned with the fictional narrative or the narrative fiction from the perspective of Gerard Genette, the French literary theorist.  A controversial concept variously interpreted by the critics ever since its appearance.  His major wor More

The present article is concerned with the fictional narrative or the narrative fiction from the perspective of Gerard Genette, the French literary theorist.  A controversial concept variously interpreted by the critics ever since its appearance.  His major work on narrative best known in English as “An Essay in Method” deals with five main concepts discussed in detail in this article. The difference between fiction and dialogue in Genette’s eyes, conceptual divisions and their various elements are also elaborated on. Manuscript profile

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