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Open Access Article
1 - Antibiotic resistance pattern and prevalence of class 1, 2 and 3 integron genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections in Shahrekord
Marziyeh Soleymanian نازیلا ارباب سلیمانی sanaz khaksar haghaniIntegrons are mobile genetic elements capable of carrying resistance genes to various antibiotics. These elements have been found in different places of plasmid and chromosome. The aim of this present study was determine the prevalence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in E MoreIntegrons are mobile genetic elements capable of carrying resistance genes to various antibiotics. These elements have been found in different places of plasmid and chromosome. The aim of this present study was determine the prevalence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in Escherichia coli isolates isolated from urinary tract infection in Shahrekord. In this research, the number of 64 isolates of Escherichia coli were investigated. The antibiotic resistance of the investigated isolates was evaluated using a simple disking method in Mueller Hinton agar medium. In order to determine the frequency of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons, specific primer pairs were used. After the antibiogram test, the highest resistance to ampicillin (75%) and the lowest resistance to imipenem (12.5%) were observed. The frequency of class 1, 2 and 3 integron genes was observed as 12.5%, 6.25% and 3.12%, respectively. None of the integron genes were observed in 52 isolates. In the statistical analysis with chi-square test, a statistically significant relationship was observed between class 1 integron and resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin (p = 0.02 < 0.05). Due to the fact that resistance genes are located on integrons and can be transferred from one strain to another strain and spread resistance in the hospital or other environments, this has doubled the importance of identifying this type of antibiotic resistance genes. Key words: Escherichia coli, integron, antibiotic resistance, urinary infection Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - شیوع ژن های حدت در اشرشیاکلی های جدا شده از موارد کلی باسیلوز طیور و عفونت دستگاه ادراری انسان
ملاحت احمدی سالار داداش زاده ابوالفضل غنی ئی -
Open Access Article
3 - مقایسه تغییرات الکتروکاردیوگرام و میزان سدیم، پتاسیم، کلسیم و منیزیوم سرم و ادرار در تجویز بولوس و انفوزیون مداوم وریدی فوروزماید در سگ
مهرداد نشاط قراملکی میرهادی خیاط نوری غفور موسوی رضا خلج سیدفرهاد ریاضی -
Open Access Article
4 - The study of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from urinary tract infection in Qom
زهرا حاجی غلامی اصفهانی Mohsen Zargar رضا یاری نفیسه رضاییBackground & Objectives: Escherichia coli (E.coli) has been documented to be the most important pathogen associated with symptomatic tract infections .by reason increasing use of antibiotic and antibacterial resistance among the strains of Escherichia coli, this stu MoreBackground & Objectives: Escherichia coli (E.coli) has been documented to be the most important pathogen associated with symptomatic tract infections .by reason increasing use of antibiotic and antibacterial resistance among the strains of Escherichia coli, this study was to determine the local prevalence of bacterial and strains antimicrobial resistance of E.coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection by reason increasing use of antibiotic and antibacterial resistance.Materials & Methods: A total of 1420 samples, 150 urine samples were contaminated with E.coli. The Antimicrobial sensitivity test to 10 antibiotics was done via the disk diffusion antibiogram method and results were analysed.Results:The most of resistant to Ampicillin were 60%, Tetracyclin 58% and Nalidixic Acid 52% and the most amount for sensibility to Amikacin were 98%.Conclusion: Due to the increasing resistance among E. coli strains recommended Antibiogram tests was done on strains cause urinary tract infections Before intractably use of antibiotics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - ESBL prevalence and molecular characterization of beta-lactamase gene blaTEM in urinary isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Qom
منصوره نرگسیان Mohsen Zargar Mahmoud SaffariKlebsiella is opportunistic pathogen and one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections this pathogen cause a variety of diseases including urinary tract infections.Today, the prevalence of ESBL-producing pathogens (ESBLS) is important, so these infections are a MoreKlebsiella is opportunistic pathogen and one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections this pathogen cause a variety of diseases including urinary tract infections.Today, the prevalence of ESBL-producing pathogens (ESBLS) is important, so these infections are associated with prevalence of diseases and increase healthcare costs associated. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of genes blaTEM isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urinary tract infections in Qom.After identification of isolates using culture and biochemical methods, 140 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae was identified. The sensitivity of the isolates to different antibiotics was performed by disk diffusion method based on the standard (CLSI2013). The phenotypic confirmatory test ESBL strains have done followed by PCR method to detection of blaTEM gene. Out of 300 samples, 140 isolate identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae that 52 (%37.14) isolates were ESBL. The most antibiotic resistance was related to ceftazidime (%50.72). Out of 52 ESBL positive strains, 32 (61.53%) strains were shown to have blaTEM gene.Considering the high prevalence of ESBL-producing isolates in hospitals, early detection and follow-up to prevent the spread of resistant isolates it all the more essential. It must also change in the pattern of antibiotics, hospital infection control measures are highly recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Urinary incontinence associated with sexual health in women of Qom in 1394
مهیندخت سعادتمند نسرین شریف زاده معصومه کریمیOf the 36 women studied, 26 (72.2%) delivered vaginally, 3 patients (8.3%) cesarean section, 7 patients (19.4%) also had experienced both delivery. Also, one patient (2.8%) had one child, 10 patients (27.8%) have two children, 7 patients (19.4%), three children and the MoreOf the 36 women studied, 26 (72.2%) delivered vaginally, 3 patients (8.3%) cesarean section, 7 patients (19.4%) also had experienced both delivery. Also, one patient (2.8%) had one child, 10 patients (27.8%) have two children, 7 patients (19.4%), three children and the rest more than 3 children had slopes leading age from 32 to 72 years, with 55% of them at the age of 50 up to 60 years. Their first child was 30 years of age range from 14 to 70% of maternal age less than 20 years. 7 patients (19.4%), stress incontinence, 8 patients (22.2%), urgency incontinence, 21 patients (58.3%) mixed incontinence, 9 patients (25%) incontinence had a close time. Between urinary incontinence and sexual health (082/0 = P) There was no significant relationship.The results showed that urinary incontinence in women has no effect on sexual health. F. whereas the peasant Manshadi and colleagues (5), but this study confirms the results of studies (6) sen llker and his colleagues was significant relation between sexual health and urinary incontinence are observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Identification of the Bacterial agents of urinary tract infections in children in the Qom city in 1389
محمد دخیلیAbstractObjective: Urinary tract infection is most common disease of reproductive system and the second of the urinary bacterial infection in children. These study investigated the bacterial causes, symptoms and antibiotic resistance in children with urinary tract infec MoreAbstractObjective: Urinary tract infection is most common disease of reproductive system and the second of the urinary bacterial infection in children. These study investigated the bacterial causes, symptoms and antibiotic resistance in children with urinary tract infections have been done.Methods: This study was performed as descriptive cross-sectional one and 70 children attending to Khorrami Hospital in Qom Province were evaluated for microbiological findings and antibiogram.Results: The most common germ was E. Coli in 7/55 percent. The antimicrobial resistance pattern was similar for fluorocinolones, cephalosporines, and aminoglycosides with other antibiotics. The intermittent sensitivity was not seen; in 38.6% and the resistance was highest to cephalosporines.Conclusions: Totally, according to the obtained results and comparison with other studies, it may be concluded that prevalence of anti-microbial resistance among children with UTI is relatively high and some sterategies should be developed to reduce it and its complications.Key words: Anti-microbial resistance, Children, UTI Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Gram-negative Bacilli Resistant to Several Antibiotics (MDR)
نشاط غلامی amir hossein MOMEN مسعود زندیAbstractOne of the major problems in hospitals resistance of pathogenic bacteria , including bacteria that cause urinary tract infections(UTI), antimicrobial substances , the problem of increased costs of treatment , treatment failure and mortality rates are increasing. MoreAbstractOne of the major problems in hospitals resistance of pathogenic bacteria , including bacteria that cause urinary tract infections(UTI), antimicrobial substances , the problem of increased costs of treatment , treatment failure and mortality rates are increasing.The purpose of this research is to identify multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli of urinary tract infections with antibiotics and the effect of silver nanoparticles on them.Planting 240 clinical samples from patients admitted to two hospitals ( Fatemiyeh , Besat) within 6 months of 1395 a total of 150 gram negative bacilli of urinary tract infections was isolated. To determine antibiotic resistance of these bacteria, disk diffusion method was used, and their susceptibility was evaluated according to the CLSI(clinical and laboratory Standards Institute) . Gram-negative bacilli isolated were prepared and inhibition zone diameter was measured.The most common bacteria Escherichia coli was isolated and lowest frequencies of the Proteus vulgaris. All of the samples to a solution of silver nanoparticles at concentrations 200 ppm 100 ppm and were sensitive. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30 mm) and Enterobacter aerogenes (27 mm) maximum diameter in the presence of silver nanoparticles showed 800 ppm.Conclusion: The results show that silver nanoparticles can have an inhibitory effect on all tested Gram-negative bacilli , and the concentration of nanoparticles , the diameter of the growth of Gram-negative bacilli of urinary tract infections resistant to multiple antibiotics increases.Key words: Gram-negative bacilli, Silver nanoparticles, Urinary Tract Infection,Antibiotic Resistance, Hamedan Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Identification of causative agents of urinary tract infection and antimicrobial susceptibility in diabetic patients in Kermanshah
farshad yadolahi Elahe Tajbakhsh hassan MomtazIntroduction: Diabetes is the most common and important diseases in the world, and diabetic patients are at high risk of infection. Due to the high prevalence of diabetes and risks of urinary tract infections, ccauses of urinary tract infection and the proper way to tre MoreIntroduction: Diabetes is the most common and important diseases in the world, and diabetic patients are at high risk of infection. Due to the high prevalence of diabetes and risks of urinary tract infections, ccauses of urinary tract infection and the proper way to treat it acutely felt Material and methods: In this study, 353 urine samples of diabetic patients cultured and by using biochemical tests were examined. After DNA extraction, PCR test for definitive diagnosis of bacteria and the antibiogram test was carried out. Results: Urinary tract infection in diabetic patients 28.3% was reported. Asymptomatic bacteriuria 22.1% and symptomatic bacteriuria 6.22% was reported. The most common bacteria that cause urinary tract infections in patients were respectively Escherichia coli, Klebciella pneumonia, Proteus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Acinetobacter, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Providencia. Conclusion: Given that bacterial population of urinary tract infections in diabetic patients, similar to non-diabetic patients, so antibiotic treatment in diabetic patients is alike with and non-diabetic patients. Keywords: bacteriuria, Diabetes, urinary tract infection, antibiotic resistance, PCR. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - PapA track adhesion genes in bacteria E. coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection in a hospital in Tehran
shahram shafipour Mohsen Zargar shahla mohammad gangiباکتری E. coli به همراه فاکتورهای بیماری زایش از شایع ترین علل عفونت مجاری ادراری می باشد. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین میزان شیوع ژن papA در بین سویه های جداسازی شده از بیماران مبتلا به عفونت ادراری می باشد. 104 ایزوله از نمونه های ادرار بیماران مبتلا به عفونت ادراری بدست آ Moreباکتری E. coli به همراه فاکتورهای بیماری زایش از شایع ترین علل عفونت مجاری ادراری می باشد. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین میزان شیوع ژن papA در بین سویه های جداسازی شده از بیماران مبتلا به عفونت ادراری می باشد. 104 ایزوله از نمونه های ادرار بیماران مبتلا به عفونت ادراری بدست آمد. بررسی میزان شیوع سه ژن مذکور که متعلق به دسته ی ژنی PAP هستند از طریق روش PCR انجام شد. پس از آن ارتباط میزان فراوانی این ژن با سایر مشخصات دموگرافیک بیماران مورد بررسی آماری قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که درصد فراوانی ژن مورد مطالعه papA برابر 40.38 % بود. همچنین ژن شناسایی شده در سویه های جداسازی شده از بیماران با فاکتورهایی چون سن بیماران بالای 50 سال و وجود علائم عفونت ادراری تفاوت معنی داری ( pvalue>0.05) نشان داد و با سایر ویژگی ها مانند بیماری های زمینه ای، سابقه انواع جراحی، و... ارتباط معناداری نشان نداد. نتایج این تحقیق می تواند جهت بهبود پیشگیری و درمان بیماران نقش داشته باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Determination of antibiotic resistance pattern in different serotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from hospital infections in Zarinshahr
Zohreh Paknejad Hassan Momtaz Elahe TajbakhshBackground & Aim: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common gram-negative bacteria in the development of nosocomial infections, in particular urinary tract infections, which has been resistant to antibiotics in recent years. The aim of this study was to determ MoreBackground & Aim: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common gram-negative bacteria in the development of nosocomial infections, in particular urinary tract infections, which has been resistant to antibiotics in recent years. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance in the most common capsule types of this bacterium in Zarinshahr city of Isfahan. Material and Methods: 29 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urinary tract infections in patients admitted to different parts of Zarinshahr Hospital in summer 2016 to summer 2017 were selected. After confirmation of phenotypic and genotype and determination of capsule types in them, antibiotic resistance pattern in isolates was determined using Kirby-bauer method, according to the CLSI standard, on the Muller Hinton Agar, 13 antibiotics were determined. Frequency of antibiotic resistance gene encoding genes including tetA, cmlA, Cat1, blaSHV, sul1, aac (3) -IV, aadA 1, qnr CITM, dfrA1, and tetB genes in isolates was determined by PCR method. Results & Conclusion: Serotype K2 with 74.51% frequency was the most commonly known capsule serotype known in isolates. All isolates had multiple antibiotic resistance and in addition to penicillin, their antibiotic resistance was the highest (10.93%) and tetracycline (44.30%) respectively. The tetA and sul1 genes with the frequency of 86.75% and 41.72% were the most common, and the two cat1 and cm1A genes with a frequency of 89.60% and 44.10% were the least common antibiotic resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from urinary tract infections. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Evaluation of the prevalence of Escherichia coli resistant euroopathogen in patients suffering from urinary tract infection in Qom hospitals
zeynab adnanReview : Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most commonly reported nosocomial infections caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. This bacterium is located in the urinary tract epithelium and can cause inflammation of the urethra and inflammation of the urete MoreReview : Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most commonly reported nosocomial infections caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. This bacterium is located in the urinary tract epithelium and can cause inflammation of the urethra and inflammation of the ureter, bladder and kidney. This bacterium has the ability to form a biofilm. It is resistant to the third generation of antibiotics, which has become a complex problem in the medical community. Materials and Methods: 100 urine samples from patients with UTI were collected at Qom hospitals level and their antibiotic resistance was evaluated using Kirby-Bauer method. The hybrid disc method was used to determine the isolates of broad-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Results: Out of 100 samples with common biochemical tests, 75 samples were identified as E.coli E.p. The results showed that Escherichia coli euroopatogen had the highest antibiotic resistance to gentamicin 93% and about 60% of the samples were ESBL. Conclusion: Considering the antibiotic resistance of isolated bacteria from the urinary system and the presence of strains resistant to antibiotics in broad-spectrum beta-lactamases, it is necessary to increase the level of information of the individuals in society as against the release of such bacteria Did something. Keyword: Escherichia coli europathogen, ESBL, Urinary tract infection Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Prevalence of virulence factors in uropathogenic E. coli biofilm-producing and non-producing strains isolated from diabetic patients in Shahrekord
Hosein Khodabandeh Shahraki Elahe Tajbakhsh Ebrahin RahimiBackground and Objective: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common hospital infections acquired by colonization of uropathogenic E. coli in host musocal epithellium and damages to host tissue. The ability to constitute biofilm plays an important role in v MoreBackground and Objective: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common hospital infections acquired by colonization of uropathogenic E. coli in host musocal epithellium and damages to host tissue. The ability to constitute biofilm plays an important role in virulence of the bacteria. Materials and methods: In this research 51 E. coli strains isolated from diabetic patients having UTI symptoms collected and approved using biochemical tests and molecular technique. In vitro biofilm formation by these isolates was determined using the 96-well microtiterplate test. And the presence of fimH, pap, sfa and afa virulence genes was examined. Results: Among 51 Ecoli isolates, 46 (90.16%) were able to make biofilm. The frequency of fimH, pap, sfa and afa genes in isolations having the ability to create strong biofilm reported respectively 90%, 80%, 80% and 10% reported, The frequency of fimH, pap, sfa and afa genes in isolations having the ability to create weak biofilm reported respectively 83.33%, 75%, 15% and 41.66% reported. Discussion: The results of this study showed that the prevalence of fimH and pap genes among UPEC strain is high. Conclusion: The findings indicated the importance of virulence genes in Escherishia coli isolates producing biofilm Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Isolation and molecular identification of Enterococci and detection of cytolysin (cyl) pathogenic gene from urine samples in Tehran
zeynab Toufigh Mohsen Zargar Abbas Akhavan sepahiIntroduction: Enterococci are one of the most important factors in nosocomial infections. Enterococcus genus has 38 species, the most important of which are Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci have a medical significance due to bacteremia, urinar MoreIntroduction: Enterococci are one of the most important factors in nosocomial infections. Enterococcus genus has 38 species, the most important of which are Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci have a medical significance due to bacteremia, urinary tract infections, endocarditis, meningitis and wound infections. Methods: 280 specimens collected from medical diagnostic laboratories in Tehran were used. In order to isolate and identify the bacteria, blood agar culture medium and the specific medium of Kanamycin esculin azide agar were used and then the colonies of bacteria were identified by biochemical methods. The molecular confirmation of bacteria was also carried out by a specific molecular kit of enterococci. Finally, the presence of the cytolysin gene in isolates was measured by PCR method. Results: Of 280 samples examined, 50 samples (17.8%) were identified for Enterococcus faecalis species. Presence of cytolysin gene (cyt) in 34% of isolates was confirmed by PCR. Conclusion: The results show that dissemination of enterococci containing pathogenic genes among patients with urinary tract infection can be dangerous for their health. These results show more attention to individual health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Evaluation of antibacterial properties of linen fibers coated with Zinc Oxide nanocomposite on resistant bacterials caused by Urinary Tract Infections.
mahdiye sadat tayebi monir doudi nasrin talebianIntroduction: Urinary tract infection as one of the most common bacterial infections is known as a second cause of infection. However, sensitivity to a various health hygiene pads in children and Easy Life in elderly as well as poor sanitation can make people susceptibl MoreIntroduction: Urinary tract infection as one of the most common bacterial infections is known as a second cause of infection. However, sensitivity to a various health hygiene pads in children and Easy Life in elderly as well as poor sanitation can make people susceptible to infections of the urinary tract. For this reason, antibacterial textiles used in the preparation of health and medical textiles can deal with infections especially urinary tract infections effectively. Material and methods: First, the 550 clinical isolates were collected from several hospitals and laboratories in Shahreza city, among which, 100 bacterial isolates were positive and resistant to several antibiotics. Then the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles were established by using sol-gel method and under ultrasonic irradiation on linen bandages. Antibacterial activity of nano-fibers bacteria samples, based on zinc oxide by disk diffusion method in agar were assessed. Results and Conclusion: According to the results of nanofibers of zinc oxide have more antibacterial properties against gram-positive bacteria, causing urinary tract infections compared with negatives ones. It is hoped that the fibers introduced in this study in the future after the tests (in-situ) will be able to provide clothes for patients and personnel, gloves and surgical masks, and most importantly suture yarns, bandages, wound dressing and sanitary napkins should be used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Molecular Typing of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains in Isfahan Province and Genetic Classification of Serogroup O25 Isolates by ERIC-PCR Method
Hassan Momtaz Fatemeh Reisii Zahra BamzadehObjective & Aim: Escherichia coli includes a wide range of different strains in ecosystems with huge diversity in their genomes. Some strains cause serious diseases, such as Urinary Tract Infections (UTI). Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most frequent a MoreObjective & Aim: Escherichia coli includes a wide range of different strains in ecosystems with huge diversity in their genomes. Some strains cause serious diseases, such as Urinary Tract Infections (UTI). Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most frequent agent causing UTI in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of O-serogroups among E. coli isolated from patients with UTI in Isfahan province and genetic classification of O25 serogroup isolates by ERIC-PCR method. Materials and Methods: 226 urine samples from patients with UTI were collected from hospitals in Isfahan province. E. coli isolates were identified using standard methods. Serogroups of these isolates were determined by PCR method and genetic classification of isolates with serogroup O25 was performed using ERIC-PCR method. Results: A total of 96 E. coli strains were isolated from the urine samples. The most common types of O antigens were O25(37.5%), O21(9.37%) and O6(8.33%). The genetic classification of isolates with serogroup O25 showed 25 different profiles among these 36 isolates Conclusion: ERIC-PCR technique is a quick, sharp and cost-effective method. It seemed that this technique to be a good approach for molecular typing of E. coli strains isolated from different urinary tract infections sources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The Effectiveness of Group Positive Parenting Program on Parental Stress and Mother-Child Interaction of Mother of Children with Nocturnal Enuresis
Arezu kabiri Mehrdad KalantariThe present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of teaching positive parenting on the parents' stress and child-mother relationships in mothers of children with enuresis. Therefore, in a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group type, MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of teaching positive parenting on the parents' stress and child-mother relationships in mothers of children with enuresis. Therefore, in a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group type, 30 mothers of 5-12 year-old children with enuresis referred to therapy centers were selected through available sampling method and they were randomly put into experimental and control groups (teaching positive parenting). Teaching positive parenting was administered in 8 ninety-minute sessions on the experimental group. All subjects responded to parents' stress and mother-child relationships questionnaires before intervention and at the end of it. The results of COVARIANCE analyses showed that teaching positive parenting was effective on parental stress (p<0.0006) and mother-child relationship (p<0.0001). According to the achieved results it can be proposed that teaching positive parenting leads to the decrease of the intensity of parental stress and improving child-mother relationships in the mothers of children with enuresis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Isolation and identification of gram-negative bacteria from patients with urinary tract infections referred to Savadkooh laboratory and determination of their drug resistance pattern from the beginning of October 1400 to the end of December 1400
seyedmohammadmahdi mousavi mojtaba fallah neda Jafari JushqhanToday, microorganisms have become resistant to drugs by causing genetic mutations. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of gram-negative bacteria isolated from urine culture in the laboratory of Savadkuh city. The cross-sectional descriptive MoreToday, microorganisms have become resistant to drugs by causing genetic mutations. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of gram-negative bacteria isolated from urine culture in the laboratory of Savadkuh city. The cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on gram-negative bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections in Savadkuh laboratory. Bacterial isolates were identified by microscopic examination, morphology and biochemical tests. Fifty samples of gram-negative bacteria causing urinary tract infections were isolated from 5 cases (10%) of men and 45 cases (90%) of women. According to the study, the two most common gram-negative bacteria in urinary tract infections are based on the percentage of infectivity in this study, which include: E.Coli (62%), and Klebsiella (30%) and other gram-negative (8%), They were isolated from urine samples. According to the antibiogram test, the most cases of resistance were related to the antibiotics ampicillin, nalidixic acid and cefazolin, respectively. On the other hand, the most sensitive drugs are nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Investigating the pattern of drug resistance among bacteria isolated from women suffering from urinary tract infections in Savojbolagh
Saman Afshar Mohammadreza Dehghani Dorna Rafighi Farnaz Yousefi Javid TaghinejadBackground: Urinary tract infections are one of the medical and health problems. This type of infection is more common in women than in men due to the anatomy of the urinary tract and lack of hygiene. The aim of the present study is to investigate the drug resistance of MoreBackground: Urinary tract infections are one of the medical and health problems. This type of infection is more common in women than in men due to the anatomy of the urinary tract and lack of hygiene. The aim of the present study is to investigate the drug resistance of urinary pathogens in women with urinary tract infection in Savojbolagh city.Methods: The current study is descriptive-cross-sectional, which was collected by examining 5100 urine samples from women suffering from and suspected of urinary tract infection, and after culturing in general-pourpose media and selective media and biochemical tests, the type of pathogenic microorganism was determined; then, the level of resistance in the strains was reported with antibiogram. Microsoft Excel 2022 software was used to draw graphs.Results: Out of a total of 5100 urine samples, 302 samples were considered positive, and the most infectious pathogens were Escherichia coli (%60.93) and group B streptococcus (%16.56). The age group of 31-40 years (%17.55) was recognized as the high-risk group, and the highest frequency of drug resistance in Escherichia coli to cefazolin (%60.87) and in group B streptococci to tetracycline (%88) was observed.Conclusions: The amount of drug resistance of microorganisms is increasing day by day, and this issue is a threat to all humans and animals. In this study, the highest rate of drug resistance to cefazolin and tetracycline was observed in two pathogens, which are main causes of urinary tract infection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Comparison of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in Enterococcus faecalis isolates isolated from animal and human sources
Mahmoud Shahveh Elahe Tajbakhsh Hassan Momtaz Reza RanjbarEnterococci are an important and diverse group of bacteria that are known to be resistant to most antibiotics used to treat diseases. In this cross-sectional study, 104 samples of red meat and 1000 urine samples suspected of urinary tract infection in the border city of MoreEnterococci are an important and diverse group of bacteria that are known to be resistant to most antibiotics used to treat diseases. In this cross-sectional study, 104 samples of red meat and 1000 urine samples suspected of urinary tract infection in the border city of Kermanshah were examined for Enterococcus faecalis. First, the samples were approved by biochemical and molecular methods, then in order to evaluate their ability to produce biofilm, Microtiter Plate method was used and their sensitivity to antibiotics was also determined by Kirby-Bayer method. Enterococcus faecalis infection in human samples and red meat samples was reported to be 5% and 40.38% respectively. In the strains isolated from red meat samples, the highest resistance was reported to be to Streptomycin while the lowest resistance was to Vancomycin. In the human isolate samples, the highest resistance was reported to be to Co-trimoxazole ,while the lowest resistance was to Nitrofurantoin . In strains isolated from red meat, ebp A, ebp B and ebp C were reported to be 71.43%, 59.52% and 64.28% respectively. No statistically significant relationship was observed between biofilm production and ebp genes in these isolates. However, in strains isolated from urine, a significant relationship was detected between ebp genes and biofilm production. Similarly, it was reported that there was no statistically significant relationship between the meat type and the virulence gene type. But, the findings of the study showed a significant relationship between the frequency of efa A, gel E, ace and esp genes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - بررسی خاصیت ضد میکروبی عصاره تام و سه فراکشن Platychaeteaucheri (Boiss.) Boiss علیه 5 سویه استاندارد میکروبی و سویه های بالینی اشریشیاکلی
تینا ذبیحی نیک مژده حاکمی-والا فاطمه باقری بجستانیمقدمه و هدف:Platychaeteaucheri (Boiss.) Boiss متعلق به خانوادهAsteraceae بوده و یکی از گیاهان بومی ایران است. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی خاصیت ضد میکروبی عصاره تام متانولی و سه فراکسیون حاصل از بخش هوایی گلدار Platychaete aicheri بر روی تعدادی باکتری گرم مثبت Moreمقدمه و هدف:Platychaeteaucheri (Boiss.) Boiss متعلق به خانوادهAsteraceae بوده و یکی از گیاهان بومی ایران است. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی خاصیت ضد میکروبی عصاره تام متانولی و سه فراکسیون حاصل از بخش هوایی گلدار Platychaete aicheri بر روی تعدادی باکتری گرم مثبت و گرم منفی استاندارد، مخمر کاندیدا آلبیکنس و همچنین نمونه‌های بالینی اشریشیاکلی جدا شده از عفونت ادراری و زخم سوختگی است. روش تحقیق: عصاره تام متانولی Platychaeteaucheri با روش خیساندن تهیه شد. سپس فراکسیون‌های کلروفرمی، اتردوپترولی و آبی با استفاده از روش استخراج مایع-مایع بدست آمدند. اثر ضدمیکروبی با روش‌های انتشار در چاهک و براث میکرودایلوشن و بر اساس پروتکل CLSI مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. سویه‌های استاندارد مورد بررسی شامل: اشریشیاکلی (1399 PTCC)، سودوموناس آﺋروژینوزا (1430 PTCC)، استافیلوکوکوس ارﺋوس (1431 PTCC)، باسیلوس سرﺋوس (1247 PTCC) و کاندیدا آلبیکنس (5027 PTCC) بودند. همچنین عصاره و فراکسیون‌ها بر روی سویه‌های اشریشیاکلی بالینی که از نمونه ادرار بیماران بیمارستان امام خمینی تهران که در سال 2013 و زخم‌های سوختگی بیماران بیمارستان شهید مطهری تهران که در سال 2014 جدا شده بودند نیز مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج و بحث: عصاره تام و فراکسیون‌های کلروفرمی و اتردوپترولی دارای خاصیت ضدمیکروبی متوسط بر روی سودوموناس آﺋروژینوزا و اشریشیاکلی استاندارد با محدوده MIC (mg/ml 42-35) بودند. دامنه MIC برای ایزوله‌های بالینی اشریشیاکلی در محدوده mg/ml 72-60 بود. فراکسیون آبی فعالیت ضدمیکروبی کمتری نسبت به عصاره تام و سایر فراکسیون‌ها بر روی نمونه‌های استاندارد و بالینی داشت. بر اساس یافته‌ها فراکسیون‌های اتردوپترولی و کلروفرمی اثر آنتی‌باکتریال بیشتری نسبت به عصاره تام متانولی و فراکسیون آبی داشتند. پیشنهاد‌های کاربردی و صنعتی: بر اساس نتایج در صورت عدم سمیّت در مطالعات آتی، این گیاه می‌تواند به عنوان یک منبع آنتی‌باکتریال طبیعی در محصولاتی جهت کمک به درمان عفونت‌های مجرای ادراری و سوختگی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Investigation of Differences in Biochemical and Mineral Composition of Urine between Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Crossbred Dairy Cattle
م.م. خان اس. پراساد اف.آ. خان اچ.پ. گوپتا -
Open Access Article
23 - Escherichia coli evaluation of Resistance of bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections city of Boroujerd broad-spectrum antibiotic and its relation to age, sex and region of this individual
Hamzeh asadi Amir gharib Rohangez Eftekhari najme joodakiIntroduction : Urinary tract infections are rarely dangerous killing disease is the most common of respiratory tract infection after infection. More than 85% of urinary tract infections in women by 90% the number of E.coilis reached. This study is the relationship with MoreIntroduction : Urinary tract infections are rarely dangerous killing disease is the most common of respiratory tract infection after infection. More than 85% of urinary tract infections in women by 90% the number of E.coilis reached. This study is the relationship with gender diseases in the city of Boroujerd and by the resistance of separated for the usual antibiotics, the patients are referred to treatment centers. method : In this study, 50 samples of Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection After recording the data in the questionnaire, using standard biochemical methods to detect and was purified. results: Of the 50 patients, 42 patients (84%) of patients were female and 8 patients (16%) of them were male, and all samples (100%) were susceptible to tobramycin and the highest resistance with 26 samples (52%) related to nalidixic the acid were investigated. Discussion : Notable in this study was that most patients were female gender and youth in their teens and Boroujerd were related to 1 area.Due to the increased secretion of sex hormones and sugar ,.because low levels of in this age and health conditions in the region. Conclusion: Open culture and health, and solutions to prevent the spread of bacteria and excessive use antibiotics are necessary Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Effects of Azathioprine on Kidny Tissue in Dibetic Rats
Farangis Ghasemy Abbas Hushmandy Golshid AhmadyDiabetes is a metabolic disease that results in major damage to the kidney. Azathioprine is widely used in the treatment of other autoimmune diseases, cancer, and organ transplantation. In this study, the effect of azathioprine on renal tissue and serum markers of insul MoreDiabetes is a metabolic disease that results in major damage to the kidney. Azathioprine is widely used in the treatment of other autoimmune diseases, cancer, and organ transplantation. In this study, the effect of azathioprine on renal tissue and serum markers of insulin resistance in rats were studied. 56 adult male wistar mouse with 80 to 90 days old and weighing approximately 200±20g were diveded in 8 groups as follow: Control group (without treatment), sham (140cc froctose 10% as a daily feeding) and 1 to 4 experimental groups that in addition of 140cc froctose 10% as a daily feeding, were injected [3.75, 7.5, 15 and 21] mg/kg/bw azathioprine both in single dose and interaperitoneal at 96th day. 24 hours after both kidneys were seprated, fixed in formalin (10%) and placed in tissue processor. Prepared serial sections were studied with LM (10x & 40x). Obtain data analyzed by using SPSS (17) and ANOVA and groups were compared in significance level (P< 0.05) with Tukey's test. Significant decrease in the diameter of the renal cortex and medulla in control, diabetic and non-diabetic treatment groups and a significant increase in proximal and distal convouluted, henle's loop and glomerules compared with the control group. Collecting tubes difference was not significant in all groups compared to controls. According to above results, Azathioprine creating synergistic effects with diabete. Therefore, diabetics are taking limits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Investigate of miR-21 expression level in urine samples of people with prostate cancer
Alireza Emamvirdizadeh mehrdad hashemi franak jamshidianIntroduction: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men A group of diagnostic biomarkers is MicroRNA, they can be used to diagnose variable diseases, especially cancers. this study, we investigate changes in the expression level of miR-21 in urine, in people with MoreIntroduction: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men A group of diagnostic biomarkers is MicroRNA, they can be used to diagnose variable diseases, especially cancers. this study, we investigate changes in the expression level of miR-21 in urine, in people with prostate cancer and healthy group. Materials and methods: This research was done on 70 urine samples of prostate cancer patients (32 Metastatic and 38 Non-metastatic) and 30 control samples with negative biopsy report. First RNA was extracted with Trizol, after the cDNA synthesis, changes in the expression of miR-21 and miR-214 in the urine of people with prostate cancer and healthy group were investigated by using Real-time PCR. Statistical analysis of data was calculated with REST 2009. Results: The results revealed the presence of miR-21 in urine samples in patients with prostate cancer, and it was found that miR-21 showed a significant increase in expression (P=0.003) than healthy group. miR-21 in metastatic group (P=0.042) demonstrate over expression than non-metastatic group (P=0.036). Conclusions: The results show that, miR-21 has significant change in expression level in patients with prostate cancer in compare of healthy group, and can be a non-invasive method to detect prostatic patients and also use this biomarker to determine metastatic and non-metastatic group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Investigation of miR-25 expression level in urine samples of people with prostate cancer
Alireza Emamvirdizadeh ملیحه انتظاری Saghi Nooraei Faranak Jamshidian Hamidreza GholamrezaeiIntroduction: After breast cancer, prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Screening is recommended by examining prostate-specific antigen levels and performing accurate rectal tests, but there are still problems with the specificity and sensitivity of these t MoreIntroduction: After breast cancer, prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Screening is recommended by examining prostate-specific antigen levels and performing accurate rectal tests, but there are still problems with the specificity and sensitivity of these tests. A group of diagnostic biomarkers are microRNAs, a class of small non-coding RNAs that play a broad regulatory role in molecular signaling pathways in the cell. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the expression level of miR-25 in the urine of patients with prostate cancer (metastatic and non-metastatic groups) and healthy individuals.Materials and methods: 70 urine samples from prostate cancer patients (32 metastatic and 38 non-metastatic) and 30 from healthy subjects with negative biopsy reports were collected. RNA was extracted with Trizol, after the cDNA synthesis, the expression level of miR-25 in the urine was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Statistical analysis of data was calculated with REST 2009.Results: The results showed that miR-25 significantly reduced expression in patients with prostate cancer compared with healthy individuals (P = 0.001). Also, miR-25 in the metastatic group (p = 0.002) had a lower expression than the non-metastatic group (p = 0.045) compared to healthy individuals.Conclusions: The results of this study showed that miR-25 had a significant decrease in expression in patients with prostate cancer compared to healthy individuals, which with further studies is hoped to be able to diagnose patients with prostate cancer and even distinguish metastatic and non-metastatic groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - تشخیص سریع و اندازه‌گیری حساس لوودوپا در نمونه‌های دارویی و زیستی با استفاده از استخراج فاز جامد ترکیب شده با طیف‌نورسنج تحرک یونی
معصومه محمدنژاد نرگس انصاری -
Open Access Article
28 - Frequency of papaA, papC genes and antimicrobial resistance pattern in uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Maryam Ghalandari Shamami Mohsen Mirzaee Shahin Najar-peerayehBackground & Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection in humans. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains are one of the etiologic reason for UTIs. The purpose of this study is evaluation of bacterial resistance to commonly used MoreBackground & Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection in humans. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains are one of the etiologic reason for UTIs. The purpose of this study is evaluation of bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics and the prevalence of papaA and papC genes among uropathogenic E. coli. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 150 isolates E. coli collected from patients with UTIs referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Boroujerd. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for all isolates against 13 antibiotics according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Then, prevalence of papA and papC genes was examined by PCR method. Results: The highest and lowest rates of antibiotic resistance belonged to ampicillin 127 (84.7%) and nitrofurantoin (3.5%). Also, the prevalence of papA and papC genes was 32 (21.3%) and 72 (48%), respectively. Conclusion: These results shows increases in the antibiotic resistance in pathogen E. coli and high levels of pap operon in these strains. Based on these results, further investigations on the bacterial virulence and the antimicrobial resistance patterns can improve the treatment of urinary infections. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The effect of probiotic lactobacilli on the attachment power and biofilm formation of Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections
Soudeh Bandari Nazila Arbab Soleimani Elahe TajbakhshBackground & Objectives: Scientists are of the conviction that probiotic bacteria can ameliorate urinary tract infection by inhibiting colonization, attachment, and growth of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The aim of this research was to investigate the anti-adhesi MoreBackground & Objectives: Scientists are of the conviction that probiotic bacteria can ameliorate urinary tract infection by inhibiting colonization, attachment, and growth of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The aim of this research was to investigate the anti-adhesive effect of two probiotic Lactobacilli including Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei on uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC).Materials & Methods: In research in 1395, 35 urinary tract infection (UTI) samples were collected from one hospital in Tehran and based on biochemical analysis 27 UPEC samples were identified. The ability of biofilm-formation and the presence of genes (papG and fimH) involved in biofilm- formation was investigated by microtiter plate and PCR methods, respectively. Co-aggregation and anti-adhesive effects of two probiotic lactobacilli including L. plantarum and L. casei against UPEC were studied by co-aggregation and microtiter plate method, respectively.Results: Among 27 isolates, 77%, 15%, and 5% showed strong, mediate and the weak ability of biofilm-formation, respectively, and 3% had no ability. Among 15 UPEC which had a strong biofilm-formation ability, 13 (86%) and 15 (100%) had papG and FimH genes, respectively. The average of co-aggregation between L. planetarium and L. casei with UPEC was gained 49.13% and 46.25%, respectively. The mean anti-adhesive effect of L. plantarium and L. casei against pathogenic bacterium was 62% and 58%, respectively.Conclusion: Further studies on the anti-adhesive effect of probiotic lactobacilli are suggested to prevent UPEC prevalence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - A fast and easy detection for Listeria monocytogenes in urine of women using polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent probes hlyA gene
Mohammad Sbhani Lari Nader Shahrokhi Mohammad KargarBackground & Objectives: Listeria monocytogenes is one of the etiologic causes of asymptomatic infection that can cause urogenital tract infection in infants and fetal death. Given the challenges posed by growing the bacteria, this study aimed to detect Listeria in MoreBackground & Objectives: Listeria monocytogenes is one of the etiologic causes of asymptomatic infection that can cause urogenital tract infection in infants and fetal death. Given the challenges posed by growing the bacteria, this study aimed to detect Listeria in urine using polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent probes. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 urine samples obtained from the patients who were referred to a specialized center for women in Jahrom and Larestan. The sensitivity of the technique was evaluated using a standard strain. Then hlyA gene probes were designed using the polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence level was determined by fluorescent probes. Results: Based on FLASH-PCR assay between 5 to 10 genes were detected in each reaction. Using fluorescent probes for L. monocytogenes hlyA gene overall, 30 out of 100 clinical samples (30%) were infected to this bacterium. Conclusion: The results showed that fluorescent probe increase speed, sensitivity and specificity of the molecular identification of Listeria and therefore it can be a suitable alternative to electrophoresis. Thus, with respect to the accuracy of this non-invasive method it is possible to monitor larger amounts of samples suspected to L. monocytogenes infections. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Frequency of cas genes in the CRISPR/Cas system in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infection
Neda Merikhi Jamileh Nowroozi ali nazemi Mehrdad Hashemi Robab Rafiei TabatabaeiBackground & Objectives: CRISPR system (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) and Cas portions is a part of the immune system in microorganisms. The cas genes could be involved in reducing antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The aim of the MoreBackground & Objectives: CRISPR system (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) and Cas portions is a part of the immune system in microorganisms. The cas genes could be involved in reducing antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of cas genes of the CRISPR/Cas system in Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from urine culture of patients with urinary tract infection. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 437 positive urine culture samples were collected from Chalus hospitals. Escherichia coli strains were isolated based on standard biochemical tests and Enterobacteriaceae commercial diagnostic kit, as well as antibiotic sensitivity using disc diffusion method (Kerby Baer). Combined disk test was conducted for isolates that were resistant to at least one of the third-generation cephalosporins in the foregoing antibiotic susceptibility test. Molecular identification of cas1,cas2,cas3,cas7 and cas5 genes was performed using the PCR method. Results: Out of 437 urin culture samples, 106 samples (24.3%) had E.coli infection. The highest antibiotic resistance was associated with ampicillin (99%). Among the resistant isolates, thirty isolates (88.3%) were ESBL producing. cas1 gene had the highest frequency (96.2%) and other cas genes had almost the same frequency. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that a significant percentage of E. coli isolates had ESBL phenotype, which may be due to the presence of broad-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in these samples. Besides, it was shown that there is no relationship between the presence of ESBL phenotype and the distribution of cas genes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Evaluation of Relationship between Phylogenetic Typing and Antibiotic Resistance of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Zahra Etebarzadeh Mojgan Oshaghi Noor Amir MozafariBackground and Objective: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common infectious diseases. Nowadays, Escherichia coli (E. coli) is counted as the predominant cause of urinary tract infection in 80-90% of patients. Due to increase in the rate of antibiotic u MoreBackground and Objective: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common infectious diseases. Nowadays, Escherichia coli (E. coli) is counted as the predominant cause of urinary tract infection in 80-90% of patients. Due to increase in the rate of antibiotic usage and subsequent drug resistance, this study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance pattern of E. coli isolated from patients with suspected urinary tract infection and phylogenetic grouping of these strains. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 600 samples of suspected urinary tract infection from Hasheminejad super specialty kidney hospital. To isolate E. coli strains, all samples were examined with biochemical and microbial tests. Then using the standard disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer), drug susceptibility test was performed on 8 different antibiotics. Multiplex PCR technique and specific primers of chuA, yjaA genes and TSPE4.C2 fragment were used for phylogenetic grouping of the isolated E. coli strains. Results: In this study the highest rates of resistance to antibiotics were seen against ampicillin (83.83%) and nalidixic acid (71.42%). Also, the lowest rates of resistance were reported against nitrofurantoin (3.12%) and ceftizoxime (11.22%). Based on phylogenetic studies, 65%, 19% and 16% of the isolated strains belonged to group B2, group D and group A, respectively. Also, the majority of antibiotic resistant strains and multi-drug resistant strains belonged to the phylogenetic group B2. Conclusion: As same as other reports around the world, most of the E. coli strains isolated from this region belonged to phylogenetic group B2. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Frequence of ESBLs and Antibiotic Resistant Pattern in to E.coli and K.pneumoniae Strains Isolated of Hospitalized and Out patients Acquired Urinary Tract Infection (Esfahan/2008-2009)
Shilla Jalalpoor Sina MobasherizadehIntroduction and Objectives: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) and prevalence Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBLs) in these bacteria due to spread of antibiotic resistance and mortality and morbidity in pa MoreIntroduction and Objectives: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) and prevalence Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBLs) in these bacteria due to spread of antibiotic resistance and mortality and morbidity in patients. The best manner for control of ESBLs in bacteria, are inhibition of spread these bacteria and use of standard method for recognizes ESBLs producer strains. Subject of this study was comparison frequency of ESBLs in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia strain in UTI acquired patients with phenotypic test. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional search was performed in Azzahra and Shariaty hospitals during of 2008-2009 years in Esfahan, according to statistical formula randomly selected 91 samples from urinary infections. Bacterial identification was performed with microbiological methods, ESBLs production was performed with screening and confirmatory test and survey antibiotics resistant pattern was performed with Kirby method. Results: Frequence of ESBLs in E.coli and K.pneumoniae strains was respectively 47.97% and 41.66% .According to antibiogram result respectively 59.2%, 54.9%, 30.3%, 27.8%, 19.5% and 16.7% of E.coli strains were resistant into Co-Trimoxazole, Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Ceftazidime and Nitrofurantoin and respectively 75%, 50%, 40%, 44.5%,37.5%, 37.5%, 22.3% and 0% of K.pneumoniae strains were resistant into Ampicillin, Co-Trimoxazole, Nitrofurantoin, Ceftazidime, Amikacin, Cephotaxime, Imipenem and Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: The result showed high frequence of ESBLs, so antibiotic resistant in isolated bacteria from hospitalized into out patience's that represent high spread antibiotic resistant strains in hospitals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The Assessment of Relationship between Excessive Weight Gain and Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant Women – Larestan- 1387-88
Mehdi Ebadi Fatemeh RahmanianBackground and Objectives: Obesity is one of the most important complication and risk factor for many diseases. Females at any ages except infant are at more risk for urinary tract infections than male. The aim of this study is assessment of relationship between excessi MoreBackground and Objectives: Obesity is one of the most important complication and risk factor for many diseases. Females at any ages except infant are at more risk for urinary tract infections than male. The aim of this study is assessment of relationship between excessive weight gain and UTI. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on 200 of all pregnant women with UTI who referred to a governmental clinic in Larestan in 2009. All of them fulfill the questionnaires and then divided according to BMI of pregnant women .During third quarter of pregnancy (36-38 weeks of pregnancy), urine culture were followed. Results: The rate of excessive weight gaining in all pregnant women was 43%.The rate of UTI were 4%, 4%, 5%, 7% and 10% respectively in BMI of 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26. UTI rate in excessive weight gain female were 12.5%, 11%, 16%, 12.5% and 12.5% respectively. Uti rate in BMI groups 27, 28 and 29 were 12.5%, 30% and 39% respectively. But UTI rate in BMI 30 and 31 were 50% and 60 % which is comparable with UTI rate of excessive weight gain. Also, results showed that UTI rate especially in female with higher BMI has significant relationship with increasing of pregnancy weight. Conclusion: The results showed that pregnancy weight gain can be considered as predictive. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection in Jahrom city, southern Iran
Sara Asadi kavous Solhjoo Mohammad Kargar Abbas Ali RezaeianBackground and Objective: Escherichia coli is a causative agent of over 80% of urinary tract infections in all ages of the society. Strains of Escherichia coli are divided into four phylogenetic groups. Most of pathogenic extra-intestinal strains often belong to groups MoreBackground and Objective: Escherichia coli is a causative agent of over 80% of urinary tract infections in all ages of the society. Strains of Escherichia coli are divided into four phylogenetic groups. Most of pathogenic extra-intestinal strains often belong to groups D and B2. This study aimed to define the phylogenetic groups of E. coli isolated from urinary tract infections in south of Iran. Material and Methods: This cross– sectional study was carried out on the patients with urinary tract infection who admitted to peymanieh hospital of Jahrom in 2010. Specific biochemical tests were used for identification of bacteria. The phylogenetic groups of E. coli strains were determined by the PCR method and using two specific primers yjaA ChuA and TspE4.C2. Results: Out of 60 identified E. coli, 78.34% were isolated from women while just 21.76% were isolated in men. The most common identified groups were classified as D (70%), A (23.3%) and B1 (6.7%), and none of the species belonged to the B2 group. Data analysis revealed no significant relationship between phylogentic groups with the variables age, sex, history of urinary tract infection, previous history of antibiotic use and hospitalization. Conclusion: The results showed that most of the E. coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections in this region belonged to phylogenetic group D. Also, the results obtained from this region was different from other area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Study of histology and morphology of Urogenital system of (Paradactylodon gorganensis) (Amphibian – Urodella – Hynobiida)
نعیمه رضاپور میترا حیدری نصرآبادی حاجی قلی کمیParadactylodon gorganensisfrom the family Hynobiidae as a rare species is endemic of Iran.This species is only found in the Shir-Abad Cave and the stream flowing from it, 60 km east of Gorgan (36 57and#39; N, 55 01and#39; E), in the eastern part of the Elburz Mountains, MoreParadactylodon gorganensisfrom the family Hynobiidae as a rare species is endemic of Iran.This species is only found in the Shir-Abad Cave and the stream flowing from it, 60 km east of Gorgan (36 57and#39; N, 55 01and#39; E), in the eastern part of the Elburz Mountains, in the Golestan Province, northern Iran. The cave is at an elevation of 310 meters above sea level. In this research we aimed to study the morphological and histological structure of Urogenital system in this species .in order to fulfill this purpose 16 specimens of this salamanders were captured and transferred to laboratory. Afterwards, we examined and measured morphometric characters before dissecting out the reproductive and urinary systems which were then processed for histological examinations.5-6 micron sections were cut and stained with Hematoxylen-Eosin. Morphological and histological studies showed that ,in this species testis is ampular and spermatogenesis occurs in cysts which develop within seminiferous lobules. The kidneys are elongate and there is no obvious sexual dimorphism in shape. In other salamanders the kidneys are proportionately shorter and those in males are narrow anteriorly .Average length and diameter of active testis were 32/76 mm and 4/77mm and in the non active gonad were 17/98 mm and 1/64 mm respectively Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Anatomical and Intravenous Urography Investigation of the Kidneys, Ureters and Urinary Bladder in German Shepherd Dogs
Sana Loch Maleki Mohammadreza Hosseinchi Gharehaghaji Siamak AlizadehThe aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical structures of the urinary system in the nephrogram and pyelogram phases, and also to determine an accurate standard for the size of kidneys, ureters, and bladder in German shepherd dogs. This study was conducted on 14 MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical structures of the urinary system in the nephrogram and pyelogram phases, and also to determine an accurate standard for the size of kidneys, ureters, and bladder in German shepherd dogs. This study was conducted on 14 German shepherd dogs with mean age of 2.7 years and an average weight of 35.12 kg. For urography studies, xylazine and diazepam were first administered to each animal to sedate, and then meglumine compound was slowly injected into the cephalic vein. Radiography was performed in the lateral and ventro-dorsal positions at 0, 1 and 5 minutes after injection, and then this procedure was continued every 5 minutes until the 60th minute to visualized the pyelogram phase completely. In the lateral radiographs of each dog, the length of the second lumbar vertebra body was measured to be used as an index in determining the standard size of the kidneys. Based on the results of this study, the mean ratio of the length, width and thickness of the left kidney and the ratio of the left ureter length to the length of the second lumbar vertebra body in German shepherd dogs were 2.69, 1.21, 1.24 and 6.47, respectively. The same ratios in the right kidney were 2.77, 1.30, 1.28 and 8.28, respectively. According to the radiological results, 15 minutes after the injection of the contrast media, the nephrogram and pyelogram phases are observed, which indicates the normal functioning of the kidneys. The exact standards obtained in this study can be used in the interpretation of results and clinical decisions to determine the normal and abnormal size of kidneys, ureters and bladder in German shepherd dogs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Identification of Behavioral Disorders in Cats Referred to Veterinary Clinics in Shiraz
Nastaran Varmazyar Seyedeh Ommolbanin Ghasemian Seyyed Morteza Razaghi ManeshCats are one of the most popular pets due to their adaptability. However, the behavioral problems associated with this species have also increased, and in some cases, these behavioral disorders lead to the abandonment and death of animals. The present study aimed to ide MoreCats are one of the most popular pets due to their adaptability. However, the behavioral problems associated with this species have also increased, and in some cases, these behavioral disorders lead to the abandonment and death of animals. The present study aimed to identify behavioral disorders in cats referred to veterinary clinics in Shiraz City. The current descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 cats with owners living in Shiraz during the year 2021. Information about cats, their keeping conditions, and behavioral disorders was recorded. In this study, the most frequent behavioral disorders of cats included urine inappropriate elimination (44.3%), aggression (36.4%), stool inappropriate elimination (21.4%), hyperactivity (10.7%), destructive grabbing (9.3%), respectively. Older cats had the highest amount of inappropriate elimination of urine and feces (P=0.04). Improper excretion of urine and feces, aggression, and destructive grabbing in male and unsterilized cats were significantly more than in other cats (p < 0.05). Moreover, destructive grabbing and anxiety caused by loneliness were significantly higher in cats living at home with other cats than in those alone (p < 0.05). There was no difference in behavioral disorders among short hair and Persian cats (p < 0.05). The behavioral disorders in Iranian domestic cats are affected by factors such as age, sterilization, gender, and the presence of several cats in the house. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Frequency of recurrence and improve stress urinary incontinence in women after anterior Colporrhaphy surgery in clinic of women 22 Bahman Hospital during 1391-1392
Parisa Zarif Najafi Ziba Zohourian Mohsen Ghasemi Delaram ZirachiBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE : stress incontinence is the most common cause of the incontinence in women. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has many medical- psychosocial effects on women's life and in approximately 40% of cases; it is a major problem in daily life. The pat MoreBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE : stress incontinence is the most common cause of the incontinence in women. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has many medical- psychosocial effects on women's life and in approximately 40% of cases; it is a major problem in daily life. The patient’s complaint that the leaks urine when intraabdominal pressure is increased (such as coughing ). This can be caused by urethral and bladder neck incompetence . Treatment of urinary incontinence includes two type methods : nonsurgical management and surgical managemaent. One of the procedures used in treatment of the stress incontinency is anterior colporraphy. The aim of this study is to find the recurrence rate of stress urinary incontinence after anterior colporrhaphy . Methods and materials: 88 patients who underwent anterior colporrhaphy for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in clinic of women 22 Bahman Hospital during 2012-2013 . A questionnaire about age , parity , type of labor and BMI and some questions about SUI were filled out. Then, they were visited and examined to determine the volume and severity of SUI. Patients followed up for 2,6 and 12 months after surgry. Results: from 2012 to 2013 ,88patients underwent the anterior colporrhaphy for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence . during the 2months after operation 17% patients were incontinence and recurrence rate at 6 and 12 months after operation was 25%and 52/3 %. . Women were SUI 12months after surgry were older than women without it (p-value=0.04) . There was no significant difference between methods of delivery ,parity and body mass index to achieve SUI after operation . CONCLUSION: the present result show the high recurrence rate at the 1years follow up. The results showed that women's age were determinant factors for developing SUI after anterior colporrhaphy but women's BMI,parity and method of delivery had no effect on recurrence stress urinary incontinence after operation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Prevalence and treatment of urinary stones in dogs and cats referred to veterinary clinics in Tehran province
Alireza Jahandideh Ali Movahed Azin Malekrah Ehsan khaksarThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of urinary stones in dogs and cats referred to selected veterinary centers in Tehran province. The present study, which is a descriptive and field study, includes a statistical population of 80 cases of 44 dogs and MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of urinary stones in dogs and cats referred to selected veterinary centers in Tehran province. The present study, which is a descriptive and field study, includes a statistical population of 80 cases of 44 dogs and 36 cats who have referred to the mentioned centers during this period and have been evaluated by a designed questionnaire. اند. According to the information obtained in this study, the information is classified according to the type, race, sex, nutrition, types of stones, different sizes and colors of urinary stones by making tables and related charts. The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of urinary stones in females, dogs and cats is higher than males and surgical history such as sterilization increases the risk of urinary stones. Prevalence also varies at different ages and the likelihood of developing urinary stones increases with age. Also, the type and breed of the animal affect the frequency of different types of urinary stones. In the statistical population of this study, the prevalence of urinary stones in dogs and cats of different breeds are struvite stones 24%, struvite stones + calcium oxalate 11%, struvite stones + calcium phosphate 17%, stone Strawite + calcium oxalate + calcium phosphate 10%. Calcium Phosphate + Calcium Oxalate 9%, Calcium Phosphate 8%, Calcium Oxalate 11%, Urate 4%, Urate + Calcium 6%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Prevalence of sul genes in E.coli isolated from urinary tract infectious in Shahrekord
Mahnaz Shamaei Maryam Reisi Hossein Khodabandeh shahrakiUrinary tract infections is one of the most common infectious diseases and E. coli is one of urinary tract infection the most important factor. The purpose of this investigation is prevalence of sul genes in E.coli isolated from urinary tract infectious in Shahrekord to MoreUrinary tract infections is one of the most common infectious diseases and E. coli is one of urinary tract infection the most important factor. The purpose of this investigation is prevalence of sul genes in E.coli isolated from urinary tract infectious in Shahrekord to form cross-sectional in 2013. Samples was prepared as sterile and in terms of urine tests, cultures and was studied. Investigation antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by disk diffusion method. As well as, for tracing Sul gene PCR reaction was performed in the presence of specific primers and the results was analyzed. In this study of 130 E. coli isolates studied 67 isolates (53/51%) resistance to co-trimoxazol was observed. The frequency of genes sul1, sul2 and sul3 was respectively 20/89%, 55/22% and 4/47%. In statistical analysis with chi-square test between to resistance sulfonamides and sul genes significant correlation was observed. The results showed that E. coli isolates are high resistant to sulfonamides that may be the indiscriminate use of these antibiotics. Manuscript profile
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