physical development

Open Access Article

1 - Assessing the Impact of Islamic Azad University of Sari on Sustainable Developments of the Surrounding Areas
Abdullah Ebrahimi Farah Habib Iraj Etessam

Urban migration and urban growth are recognized as main challenges in developing countries. Education as one of fundamental strategies has key role in national development. Although, they have influenced several consequences on city and regional levels apart from academ More

Urban migration and urban growth are recognized as main challenges in developing countries. Education as one of fundamental strategies has key role in national development. Although, they have influenced several consequences on city and regional levels apart from academic mission, their main functions are resourceful human sources and contribution of knowledge as well as technical skill. Governments were allocating different funds from national capital for education budget to improve human resources which the parts of developed countries are 7% of GDP, and developing countries are 6% of GDP approximately. Since last decades, the universities have expanded through growth population and society’s cultural aspect of academic education, but the universities’ roles are ambiguous to achieve cities’ sustainable development in developing countries. Sustainable development as a process is multi-dimensional which tries to modify fundamental situation in social structures, public attitudes, and national institutions through economic growth, and social equality as well as reduce poverty. Generally, communities reach sustainable development when there are four main elements including: natural potential, appropriate current infrastructures, sufficient human resources, and adequate financial resources.          Under the special position for land, agricultural economy in North of Iran, the need of research is the consequences of universities establishment on their region’s sustainable development. The aim is to assess consequences for establishment of Islamic Azad University Sari branch toward sustainable development. There are several researches which focused on the Iranian’ universities impacts on social aspects such as employment, woman conditions, and public cultures, but a few studies have concentrated on Iranian universities consequences to achieve sustainable development. Different studies described that there are two main approaches to achieve sustainable development, including: people- oriented, and procedures based on participation. Theoretical framework for current study developed based on the sustainable development concept which included three fundamental components Environment, economic, and social.      Research method is conducted quantitatively and survey-based and then, primary data is collected by questionnaires which has been designed based on the several studies and consist of two main sections including personal information, and impacts of the university establishment based on the sustainable development components. A Lickert scale was employed to apply arranged choice variables in terms of the three main components of sustainable development including: Economic, social, and physical. The sample size has been determined by Cochran Formula and so, 380 persons had contributed among 400 people. The research has employed One-sample t-test and Friedman test to analyze collected data. The results reveal that significant and positive relation between Islamic Azad University of Sari and three major components of sustainable development, but the factors are different impacts. Thus, Azad University Sari branch has the greatest effect on economic aspect, and physical and social aspects are in next ranking respectively. Finally, the findings appear that the university impact on physical aspect of Sari city has been neglected and then, Sari’ surrounding areas have developed in lack of abilities and capacities of Islamic Azad University-Sari branch. Therefore, the university roles and potentials must be considered by authorities for urban planning process in different levels.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Physical - spatial development of Nalos city : A GIS Analysis with emphasis on environmental impacts
Hamid Shimohammadi Fereydoon Naghibi

Urban ever-increasing development, irregular population growing up and immigrations to the cities have led to unplanned and uncontrollable urban development and changes in urban spatial structure. For this reasons, informed guidance, principle organization and spatial p More

Urban ever-increasing development, irregular population growing up and immigrations to the cities have led to unplanned and uncontrollable urban development and changes in urban spatial structure. For this reasons, informed guidance, principle organization and spatial planning are necessary for urban sprawl and development. In this research, different forms of urban development were considered and development basic barriers including rivers, topography, geology, ecological conditions, facilities, industries, factories… were determined and the role of each one was surveyed. Sprawl can contribute to a host of problems, including heavy traffic, daily increasing of air pollution, and destruction of natural habitat and environment. So development trends that are based on effective parameters especially environmental impacts were modeled with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The quality of urban planning and management can be upgraded when available and valid data are handled in an advanced manner with the aid of GIS. The innovative technology can support planning and decision making by offering relatively quick response on analytical questions and monitoring issues. Experienced expert determined the degree and primacy of urban sprawl and development parameters generally and for nalos case study, these parameters and criteria and its weights were marked, then were modeled with GIS for nalos developments. With using GIS and it capabilities in calculation of land size forecasting for Nalos development and its positioning we could take a step in planning directions such as stable development achievements. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Determination of Andimeshk Urban Physical Development With the Application of R.S and G.I.S
اصغر Nazarian سیمین Tolaei مریم Khosravi

Most of the cities have been exposed by physical growth. This could be explained byhigh population groyth as well as rural – urban migration. This in turn, resulted the inthe development of cities upon unsuitable lands.This study deals with the determination of An More

Most of the cities have been exposed by physical growth. This could be explained byhigh population groyth as well as rural – urban migration. This in turn, resulted the inthe development of cities upon unsuitable lands.This study deals with the determination of Andimeshk urban physicaldevelopment using T. M (1987), (ETM (2002), and LISS PAN (2003) projectionsystems.The Methodology of this study is as follows:At first urban land use maps were drawn. The urban physical development rates werecomputed based on comparsion between the maps. In the next step, taking intoconsidration the relevant factors responsible for urban physical development potential,distance layers pertaining to distance of the city from C.BD, from main routes, fromwest ravine were determined and scaled. This is followed by calssification of land into10 brackets. The final aereage devoted to future development were computed by 1408.it is suggested that urban physical development of Andimeshk were confined to justvertical development due to preservation of agricultural lands of the city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Explanation and Analysis of the Physical Growth and Development Process of Urmia Based on Applying Overlapped Aerial Images in GIS software
اصغر Nazarian الناز Hampanezhad

Urmia, the provincial city of West Azarbaijan, is considered as the tenth largest city of Iran and the second in north-west. The city of Urmia as the other large towns has experienced considerable structural changes in its traditional and old context. It is to admit tha More

Urmia, the provincial city of West Azarbaijan, is considered as the tenth largest city of Iran and the second in north-west. The city of Urmia as the other large towns has experienced considerable structural changes in its traditional and old context. It is to admit that reaching a more detailed and comprehensive knowledge of the changes and the factors behind could very well help the managers and related programmers to solve the current problems of the city and be able to achieve a more healthy and sustainable city in present and future. An efficient way to understand the changes in physical body of the city is to carry out comparative study of various aerial images happily produced and archived by the national geographical organization. But one important problem that for such studies exists is the loss of coordinated and geo-referenced images which makes the comparative study particularly for a given spots and in detailed cases hard and impossible. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Analaysis Role Of Villages Located In City Limit In Karaj physical Development From Land Reform Until Now
Leila Panahi Abdolreza Faraji Rad

Human in cultural,s evolution,has created special settlement in every age.The earliest settlement shape of early hunter humanities have being "Cave dug of stone".Next activity of first human,was changing the shape of jungles and creating shanties from pipe and tent and More

Human in cultural,s evolution,has created special settlement in every age.The earliest settlement shape of early hunter humanities have being "Cave dug of stone".Next activity of first human,was changing the shape of jungles and creating shanties from pipe and tent and finally,preferred until grouply settles in villages and rurals.With population increase,villages also extended and gradgually,in during one of process,greater villages changed shapes and converted to cities and small towns.Finally,cities converted to metropolises. City during physical,s development during the time ,developed village limites and the first effect of  that was threat of agriculture activities and production decrease and following that decreased size agriculture lands and gardens.In fact , It could be said that cities developments whether local or social aspect ,provided negative change and excellent in rural economy and created preparation many of shortages and rural migrations that is observable in many of developing countries and specially Iran.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Environmental Hazard Zonation Affect on Physical Development of Tabriz City
Sh Roostaei بهروز Sarisaraf

Natural elements such as fertile soil, fresh climate, abundant water supply, alluvialfans, springs, minerals and so much others; now a days becomes basis for developmentof settlement, economic, industrial and agriculture centers. Beside the benefits, thereare many hazar More

Natural elements such as fertile soil, fresh climate, abundant water supply, alluvialfans, springs, minerals and so much others; now a days becomes basis for developmentof settlement, economic, industrial and agriculture centers. Beside the benefits, thereare many hazardous phenomena such as landslide, earthquake, faults, and floods thatyearly cause’s damage for man made structures.In this research we have recognized all natural hazards affects Tapirs city. Themain aims of this article are hazards verifying and their analysis and presentation ofbest procedure for countermeasures against. These analyses show that, Tabriz fault ismain hazardous factor among others; and hazards such as landslide and subsidence myaccurse after earthquake. Flood is other natural hazard in Tabriz city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Research is newly-established town’s physical development management pattern (Case study: Kouhsar City)
دکتر علی اکبر فرهنگی داود عزت ور

Urban physical development is one of the dimensions of urban development. Regarding the ever-increasing growth of population and increase of immigration to towns, researchers, authorities, managers and other urban bodies have noticed urban physical development more than More

Urban physical development is one of the dimensions of urban development. Regarding the ever-increasing growth of population and increase of immigration to towns, researchers, authorities, managers and other urban bodies have noticed urban physical development more than before. The title of the present research is newly-established towns physical development management pattern with Kouhsar for case study. Until the result of the research can be effective for the urban planning in future. In terms of subject, objectives, research questions and hypotheses, the present research studies Kouhsar physical development pattern; and the research methodology is a combination of descriptive, documentary and field study methods that used from the questionnaire and interview tools as well. The questionnaire used in this research included 20 five-item questions distributed among a sample of 80 persons out. The results of the research show that urban development pattern in Kouhsar are linear. The same pattern can be predicted in the late decade. If construction control is not managed well, it is predicted that a disturbed urban pattern will formed in Kouhsar. Also, it was found that there is no formal pattern for physical development of Kouhsar. Another finding was that comprehensive plan is a must for managing physical development of towns, especially newly-established ones. Therefore, there is a close interrelation between effective management of town physical development and comprehensive plan.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Investigating the geomorphological limits of the physical development of city)Case example: Mahabad city(
Mohammad Ebrahim Afifi Yaser Zendehboudi

10.30495/ums.2024.23128

Currently, the world is continuously growing and developing due to the increase in population and diverse human needs, and its speed is increasing day by day. Therefore, humans always change and transform their surroundings and try to choose the best places for their li More

Currently, the world is continuously growing and developing due to the increase in population and diverse human needs, and its speed is increasing day by day. Therefore, humans always change and transform their surroundings and try to choose the best places for their lives. The purpose of the current research is to analyze and investigate the geomorphological limitations of the physical development of Mahabad city and its optimal location in the future development. For this reason, 1:100000 geological maps, layers of elevation, slope, direction of slope, geology, land use, flood, erosion, fault, satellite images and by processing and providing these parameters in ARC GIS software, editing and digitization have been done on them. Is. Finally, by using fuzzy and hierarchical logic models, land zoning has been done for the physical development of Mahabad city. The results showed that the formation of this city in its current position was not based on geomorphological studies, but due to the existence of fertile plains and plains, which are among the oldest human settlements. The most suitable direction for the physical development and expansion of Mahabad city is towards the north and towards Mahabad Jalga (ruined city). According to the zoning map, about 12.5% in fuzzy multiplication and about 29.1% in fuzzy addition are part of the appropriate area.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Analysis of factors Affecting Physical Development of Small Towns in the Last Two Decades (Case Study: Garmdarreh City)
Esmail Nasiri Mahdi Nasser

Introduction and Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting physical development Garmdarreh During the period of 85-92. Method: Using descriptive - analytical problem to track and survey research data is collected. And whereas data Likert scale More

Introduction and Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting physical development Garmdarreh During the period of 85-92. Method: Using descriptive - analytical problem to track and survey research data is collected. And whereas data Likert scale questionnaire survey, the ratings are, in this regard, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used Findings:The coefficient of correlation between two variables in order to show, in other words corresponding nonparametric correlation coefficient is Conclusion: The study area is in the process of physical development in recent decades has gone through rapid growth Which consequently leads to changes in land use, land mismatch with the principles of City of features, increased migration and population growth are thus   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Analyzing the Role of Urban Engineering System in Controlling the Physical Development of Cities
Abbas Fazli Elham Amini

Introduction and objects:The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of urban engineering system in controlling the physical development of Tehran. Physical development is controlled in a regular and organized manner when the criteria and framework for controll More

Introduction and objects:The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of urban engineering system in controlling the physical development of Tehran. Physical development is controlled in a regular and organized manner when the criteria and framework for controlling urban development are specified and urbanism engineers are members of the Engineering System Organization as knowledgeable individuals, with the help of the power given to them by the Engineering System Organization, apply them in the city. Method: Research based on purpose, has an application and in terms of nature, has a survey method. In collecting data, the documentary and field methods were used. To compile and confirm the research indicators, the Delphi method was used in three stages of surveys of ten urbanism elders. One-sample t-test, Pearson correlation, multivariate recursion, heuristic factor analysis, Friedman ranking were used to analyze the data and Kolomogorov-Smirinov test was used to evaluate the normality of the data. The statistical population of the study includes 35 urban engineers with employment licenses, members of the Engineering System Organization of Tehran Province. The research indicators were measured by Likert spectrum with an average of 3 components and 26 components and 26 indicators. These components include comprehensive urban plan, passive defense considerations, justification plan to increase urban boundaries, justification plan outside urban boundaries, preparation of urban detail plan, urban adaptation of buildings, land separation plan and adaptation of urban land use. Findings: According to views of experts, the average of all indicators is 4.01, which is higher than the assumed average (3). Using Pearson test, the highest Pearson link is between the control of physical development in Tehran and the criteria of land separation plan (r=0.787). The amount of variance explained by the control of urban physical development by the components of the forecast variable (0.43) is significant. Conclusion: The results show that 43% of the control of urban physical development is affected by these variables (comprehensive urban plan, passive defense considerations, justification plan to increase urban boundaries, justification plan outside urban boundaries, preparation of urban detail plan, urban adaptation of buildings, land separation plan and adaptation of urban land use. ), which show a high degree of appropriateness and desirability and has the necessary explanatory and predictive power in the subject of research.    Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Looking at the Development Process of Urban Residing & the Role of Small Cities in Iran
مهرداد بردبار

Urban residing and increase of urban population is one of the main features of today's world which has peaked since the era of the industrial revolution in Europe and has increasingly emerged in developing countries for years after World War II. The increase of urban po More

Urban residing and increase of urban population is one of the main features of today's world which has peaked since the era of the industrial revolution in Europe and has increasingly emerged in developing countries for years after World War II. The increase of urban population compared to rural population was done through three ways of village-urban migrates, the incorporation of rural areas to cities and changing villages into new cities. Among the last two ways, the second one causes the loss of agricultural lands and rural areas of the ecosystem. From the beginning, developed countries prevented this process by regulating laws of urban management and programs of land compilation. However, the cities of developing countries swept rural areas rapidly and that caused regional imbalance and unbalanced distribution of population, resources and activities in the said countries. The policy of converting villages into small cities is one of the most important strategies of urban residing development that aims to develop rural areas through urban centers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - The Phenomena of the Structural and Spatial Development of Cities to the Rural Areas
حمیرا بردبار اسماعیل ابراهیمی

The main citizenship effects in the present world are the physical growth and development of cities and the increasing urban population. This phenomenon intensified after the industrial revolution in the West, but after a while, it was controlled by the concerns of the More

The main citizenship effects in the present world are the physical growth and development of cities and the increasing urban population. This phenomenon intensified after the industrial revolution in the West, but after a while, it was controlled by the concerns of the fans of  the environment and rural perspectives; as such, some rules for urban construction and urban planning in European countries, the United States and Japan have been passed, which have made physical and structural development of cities around the rural environment function under some special regulations, so that agricultural lands, forests and other environmental fields to be less invaded by the urban land. While cities in developing countries are passing the fast citizenship period, they accelerate towards the rural and agricultural areas, and farm lands and forest lands are changing to urban areas. Therefore, considering the experiences and findings of the developed countries in this regard is very important. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Monitoring Land Use Change Emphasizing Physical Urban Development of Tehran, Using Remote Sensing and GIS
fatemeh bokaeain Aliakbar Shamsipour Marzieh Alikhah Asl

10.30495/jest.2020.10913

Background and Objective: Surveying urban land use and cover and process of its changes is one of the important subjects and challenges in land management field and urban sustainable development. Physical development of cities and spreading its range is one of the impor More

Background and Objective: Surveying urban land use and cover and process of its changes is one of the important subjects and challenges in land management field and urban sustainable development. Physical development of cities and spreading its range is one of the important factors in urban land use changes which have variety environmental, economic and social impacts. In several past decades, Tehran city has been encountered with urban growth and development and several around towns that the subject has caused variety changes in urban lands of Tehran and around area. Surveying and analyzing urban land changes in Tehran city could be useful in land use planning. In this research Tehran land use changes in the past few decades have been examined.Method: In this research, the changes are surveyed and detected by satellite images of 7 bands TM sensor of Landsat satellite from 1988 to 2010 and three time period 1988, 2000 and 2010. For this purpose, the images from TM sensor of satellite images related Tehran and around area have been used. Before preprocess states, the images have been classified based on urban lands classes including urban, agriculture, water, jungle, rangeland and bare land in ENVI software and analyzed based on image difference and comparing post classification methods.Results:  Results show that in the period, urban lands has grown gradually and constantly and bare land also is increasing in a very low scale. Also rangeland has been decreased in past decade, but agriculture lands, in spite of decreasing than 1988, are faced increasing since 2000.Conclusion: In generally, because of developing industrial, military and tourism activities in around of the city, area of rangeland and agricultural lands is decreased and city area is increased which has different environmental and cultural impacts (mainly as negative impacts) in circumstance of the city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Potentials and barriers of physical development of the Ruodbar city using Remote Sensing and GIS
Ahmad Safari Zahra Azizi

10.22034/jest.2019.38067.4388

Background and Objective: Physical development of cities around the world is influenced by its natural geography and human interactions. Geographic data analysis is difficult without the use of geographic information and satellite data, and impossible in a complex case. More

Background and Objective: Physical development of cities around the world is influenced by its natural geography and human interactions. Geographic data analysis is difficult without the use of geographic information and satellite data, and impossible in a complex case. In this study, potentials and barriers of physical development of the Ruodbar city using Remote Sensing and GIS be evaluated. Method: Firstly, in the ArcGIS software environment, using the AHP-FUZZY combination method the use of slope, gradient, land use, power lines, river, road and rail, fault and rural points are used to locate the urban sprawl. The output was extracted in the form of a map of AHP and fuzzy overlay into five groups with very good, good, moderate, weak and very weak potential. In order to expand the city's physical development by using a visual interpretation on Google Earth images for 2016, 2009, 2004 for 12 years, a map was drawn out as the result. Finally, the results obtained from the Geographic Information and Visual Interpretation System were compared. Findings: The findings of the AHP-FUZZY compilation show that 95.6% of the study area has very weak potential, 1. 52% has a weak potential, 1.17% has a moderate potential, 1.21% has good potential and 0.69% has a very good potential. And the findings from the visual interpretation method over the course of 12 years show that the development of the city is just Mehr Housing (a project done government). Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the findings of the AHP-FUZZY Compilation and Metrology Measurement, we concluded that most of the constructions have been implemented in unpredictable places in the city of Roodbar, which is influenced by natural and inevitable factors, including steep slope, abundant faults, permanent existence of Sefidrood river, and land use, most of which are gardens and forests and agricultural land and has prevented its physical development. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Evaluation of Local Climate Zone Model in Monitoring Land Use Changes with Emphasis on Physical Growth (Study Area: Tehran)
Seyed aghil Ebrahimi Seyed Ali Almodaresi Farhad Hamzeh

Land use change and land cover are considered as one of the important and effective factors on global environmental change, so understanding and predicting the causes, processes and consequences of land use change has become a major challenge on the planet. Today, remot More

Land use change and land cover are considered as one of the important and effective factors on global environmental change, so understanding and predicting the causes, processes and consequences of land use change has become a major challenge on the planet. Today, remote sensing technology and GIS are used effectively to identify and quantify land use change and its effects on the environment. The physical development of cities and the expansion of its dimensions is one of the important factors in urban land change that has many environmental, economic and social consequences. In the past few decades, the city of Tehran has faced numerous urban growth and development and surrounding towns, which has caused extensive changes in the urban lands of Tehran and surrounding areas. In this study, the trend of land use changes in Tehran in the past few decades has been studied. In the present study, using Landsat 8 satellite images, the change and transformation of lands in Tehran from 2013 to 2020 was monitored. Images were pre-processed and classified according to the LCZ model in 17 classes. Then, they were classified in SEGA GIS software and analyzed by image difference and post-classification methods. The results of image processing and classification show that urban lands are constantly growing and barren lands are increasing on a very small and slow scale. Also, land with dense vegetation has decreased from 2013 to 2020, which in itself can cause serious damage to urban planning for city managers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Investigating the effect of waqf on the bodies of Islamic cities (Miami case study)
zeynab karkeabadi mehdi asghari

Is a traditional Islamic dedication, according to which individuals and legal entities give part or all of their property to a state or private organization. This tradition has gained ground in Islamic ideology and has played a significant role in the development of Isl More

Is a traditional Islamic dedication, according to which individuals and legal entities give part or all of their property to a state or private organization. This tradition has gained ground in Islamic ideology and has played a significant role in the development of Islamic cities. According to their worldview, The environment has always been interactive and influenced by each other. The effect of the worldview derived from religion on the creation of geographic landslides, especially in Islamic cities, has been of great importance. The waqf phenomenon as one of the forces of the city of Afarin and the facade of the Iranian-Islamic cities has had a great influence on shaping human artifacts and the formation of the physical spaces of cities. The endowment lands have also been influenced by their impact on the physical development of cities, as they have become out of the state during the physical development of the city (bayer, agriculture, gardens, etc.) and turned into urban texture. In this article, the city of Miami is considered as a small town in the province of Semnan, the main part of which is the endowment. By converting the city as the city center, the city quickly expanded and the lands of the endowment of agriculture changed their nature and turned into new urban landscapes. This paper tries to explore the role of waqf in shaping the general space of Islamic cities, especially the studied city, by relying on the field method and using the GIS technique. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Positioning for the Purpose of Urban Development Using Fuzzy Logic Analysis in GIS and AHP Method: A Case Study in Shahrekord City
Meisam Moharrami Hamed Khani Pardanjani ali Rezaie Fahadabadi

Due to the development of cities, a number of issues emerge as crucial problems in every-day life of human beings. One the one hand, the urban development, which is one of the essential aspects for the life and survival of human beings, cannot be limited, and on the oth More

Due to the development of cities, a number of issues emerge as crucial problems in every-day life of human beings. One the one hand, the urban development, which is one of the essential aspects for the life and survival of human beings, cannot be limited, and on the other hand, it should be arranged in harmony with the needs of human being in a way that it does not damage environment. In the present study, it was intended to identify the optimal sites and districts for urban development through determination of environmental features, especially geomorphological features and the analysis of these features. In order to analyze these features, 13 indices were used. Each of the layers was fuzzed in the environment of Geographic Information System (GIS) through integration of Fuzzy Logic and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In the next step, multiplication operator, fuzzy addition, and fuzzy gamma were operated through multiplication of weight of layers resulted from AHP in each of the layers. The optimal gamma in ArcGIS was categorized in 5 proportion classifications. The results indicated that 9 percent of the studied site is categorized in the low-proportion class and 16.5 percent in high-proportion class. The map of the presented model determined the districts with potentiality of spatial development with respect to the past trends as well as suitable districts for future developments. Accordingly, Northern, Eastern, and Northeastern districts of Shahrekord City are the best and most suitable ones for future development of the city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Investigation of the Physical Development Process of Ahwaz Metropolis and Its Pattern of Expansion in the Horizon 1400
farshad torki

Problem statement The rapid increase in urban dispersal has become a major concern in many countries. Because this rapid dispersion of harmful effects in the environment is worthless, so one of the most important issues facing urban development is its expansion. Aims Ph More

Problem statement The rapid increase in urban dispersal has become a major concern in many countries. Because this rapid dispersion of harmful effects in the environment is worthless, so one of the most important issues facing urban development is its expansion. Aims Physical extension and inappropriate pattern of urban areas in the chain link with reciprocating interactions causes the natural lands of Ahwaz to be faced with a serious threat. In this regard, the present study seeks to investigate the physical development of the metropolitan city of Ahvaz during the period from 1360 to 1395, and then predict its extension in the 1400 horizons. Methodology The present research is applied in terms of the purpose of development and in terms of descriptive-analytical methodology based on library studies and field studies. In order to analyze the data, the theoretical foundations and research literature, principles and criteria were first designed. Considering the different coefficient and the effect of each criteria and indicators in the expansion of the metropolitan area of Ahwaz, the ANP-DEMATIL combination method was used for determining the weights. Then, the principles and criteria are considered to be extracted and identified, which were processed using satellite imagery over 5 years using the software (ENVI). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Zoning Areas Prone to Settlement Development Using the Fuzzy Logic and AHP Integrated Model (Case Study: Poldokhtar City)
Majid Goodarzi Zahra Soltani Riyaz Marei

The optimal zoning of urban development directions based on environmental capabilities is one of the most important urban development planning; choosing the right urban development direction may make a city face fewer challenges and problems in the future, including nat More

The optimal zoning of urban development directions based on environmental capabilities is one of the most important urban development planning; choosing the right urban development direction may make a city face fewer challenges and problems in the future, including natural hazards. It may also cause urban development may be done properly. Considering the significance of the subject, the present study aims to zone the areas prone to the development of settlements in the boundaries and outskirts of Poldokhter city. According to the subject and objectives, SRTM 30 meters high digital model, a 1:100000 geological map of Iran’s Geological Organization, a Landsat satellite image, and digital layers of information were employed as research data. The most important research instruments were Arc GIS (to prepare the desired maps) and Expert Choice (to implement the AHP model). Also, in this research, fuzzy logic models (to fuzzify the layers and also to combine the information layers, and prepare the final map) and AHP (to weigh the information layers) were used. As the results indicated, many parts of the urban area and outskirts of Poldokhter are lowly suitable for urban development. These areas, mainly including the northern regions of Poldokhtar urban area, have little potential for the physical development of residential areas due to the high elevation and slope, being in the mountain units and the alluvial valley. Accordingly, only parts of the southern areas of Poldokhter city are susceptible to the physical development of residential areas due to the low elevation and slope and being in the plain unit. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Classification of Physical Development of Rural Settlements City of Isfahan Province Using AHP and TOPSIS Model
Elham Eftakhari Jafar Ganjali

Development Index, the main benchmark for scoping, planning and evaluation of rural development projects are benefiting from these measures may influence the development or rural development projects in the evaluation of goals and why knowledge of the strengths and weak More

Development Index, the main benchmark for scoping, planning and evaluation of rural development projects are benefiting from these measures may influence the development or rural development projects in the evaluation of goals and why knowledge of the strengths and weaknesses of regions, a requirement for plans and programs is considered. The application of scientific methods to classify the level of the regions in terms of development in various aspects of economic, social, physical, etc., led to the recognition of inequality is the measure of effort in reducing and eliminating disparities between them is will be, will become. Therefore, in this study, priority criteria based on the level of physical development of AHP technique and Expert Choice software and ratings rural settlements of the province based on TOPSIS technique and SPSS software development determines the final result. The results showed that the city of Isfahan, Kashan, Ardestan, Felavarjan, Semirom, Tiran and Karon, Fereidan, as relatively high city, Lenjan, Golpayegan, Natanz, Nain, Fereydunshahr, Chadegan, Shahreza, Mobarakeh, ShahinShahr and Meymeh as relatively high city and the city of Aran Bidgol, Khansar, Najaf Abad, Khoor and Biabanak, Dehaghan, Borkhar, Khomeini Shahr as a city of the province is less. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Assessing the Role of Natural Environment Indicators in the Physical Development of Cities, Case Study (Cities in Iran)
Ali Hajezadeh Korosh Afzali Karamatalah Zayari

In this study,, two independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA and ETA correlation test were used to significantly determine the role of research indicators. The maps and tests used in this research were prepared using ARC GIS, Envi 5.3 and Spss software. The results sho More

In this study,, two independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA and ETA correlation test were used to significantly determine the role of research indicators. The maps and tests used in this research were prepared using ARC GIS, Envi 5.3 and Spss software. The results show that there was a significant difference (P <0.05) between the levels of physical development of the studied cities and the altitude of 1800-1200 m, less than 5% slope, loamy and clay soils and proximity to water resources (more than 10 m). Other groups had the same variance and the differences were not significant. The correlation coefficient of ETA between urban development levels and altitudes of 1800-1200 m was equal to 0.762, the correlation coefficient for slopes less than 5% was equal to 0.749, this value was equal to 0.623 for loamy and clay soils and finally for water sources the correlation coefficient was equal to 0.191. This indicates a strong correlation between urban development and expansion and altitude of 1800-1200 meters, slopes of less than 5%, loamy and clay soils and also the static level of more than 10 meters of groundwater had been introduced as a factor in the physical development of cities. Water resources with relatively weak correlation, in the first place resulted in the physical development and expansion of cities and in the second place were considered as a limiting factor in the physical development of cities due to destructive and dangerous floods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Environmental Assessment And Zoning Fit Parameters For The Physical Development Of Cities (Case Study: City Of Miandoab)
Esmaeil Nasiri Hendeh Khaleh Rahim Sarvar Ali Ahmadi

Environmental Research And Talent Development Programs Necessary Powers Avoidance Is Inevitable. The Environmental Assessment As a Key Component In Development Plans And Land Use Planning Powers Is, In This Study The Environment Of The Basin Zarineh To Assess The Approp More

Environmental Research And Talent Development Programs Necessary Powers Avoidance Is Inevitable. The Environmental Assessment As a Key Component In Development Plans And Land Use Planning Powers Is, In This Study The Environment Of The Basin Zarineh To Assess The Appropriateness Of Zoning and Environmental Parameters For The Physical Development Of The City Mentioned Is Evaluated. Sect City Of Miandoab In Terms Of Sustainable Urban Development, The Elements And Environmental Factors Such As Altitude, Soil, Slope, Climate, Temperature, Precipitation, etc. As Indicators Of The Physical Development Of The City Is a County-Prone But Terms Environmental Development Of The City In All Its Parts Is Not Possible. The City Is Mentioned Both In The Country And Economic Developments In Other Sectors Have Been Affected And, In The Process Of Physical Development Compared To Other Parts Of The City Even More. The Method Of Collecting Information On The Library, Documentation And Development Of Applied Research And To Analyze Spatial Data Analysis Software From Geographic Information Systems GIS Have Been Used Data Analysis And Weighted Layer Parameters Such As Slope, Fault, Drainage Networks, Communication Networks, And Distance Of The City's Land Use, Elevation And Using Software To Locate The Export Choice We Have. The Findings Show That The Areas North And East Of The City Mentioned For Balanced And Sustainable Growth And Development Is Quite Appropriate And Inappropriate Urban Development Zones In The South East And East And West Zones To The Extent Appropriate And North West, South West, Are Suitable Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Physical Development of Arak City Applying Natural features of the ground floor
منیژه قهرودی تالی محمد سلیمانی بابک میرباقری مهدیه اسفندیاری

Cities are developed on the areas requiring interactions with natural characteristics. In physical development of the cities, it is necessary to consider natural structure of their environment. Arak's physical geography condition shows that this city located in bad cond More

Cities are developed on the areas requiring interactions with natural characteristics. In physical development of the cities, it is necessary to consider natural structure of their environment. Arak's physical geography condition shows that this city located in bad condition of sedimentology structure. Therefore, development of the city needs to study about city bed sedimentology and be determine thickness, of sediments. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the suitable areas for physical development of the city in the future. Also found new physical index for developing of city based on morphological features is aimed.  For the objective, the indicators of the analysis are geomorphological landforms, climatology, topographic roughness coefficient, tectonic influenced factors, natural land uses, runoff height in the city and city relation with Mighan Desert where is located in the north of Arak City. TOPSIS model has been employed to prioritize the proposed areas. The effective weights of the physical variables for planning the city future development are topography, climatology, petrology etc., that have been determined by expert opinions using AHP model that impacts in the research targets. For assessment of TOPSIS model result, sediment random sampling has been conducted in the region in depth of 40 cm. Sediment analysis represented that the area is located in flood bed which the sediments were accumulated by flash floods that has unfavorable conditions for the establishment of municipal utilities. Unsuitable areas for urban development have also been discerned to avoid risks of urban possible hazards. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Preparing and Drawing Maps of Geomorphology of Western Gilan Province With The Scale 1: 25,000 A Case Study of The Range of Astara – Hawiq
Rafat Shahmari Ardejani

Most of the settlements of Guilan province have certain natural constraints in physical development. In terms of geomorphology, these centers, in their physical development, have problems such as earthquakes, groundwater surface condition, forward and backward on the sh More

Most of the settlements of Guilan province have certain natural constraints in physical development. In terms of geomorphology, these centers, in their physical development, have problems such as earthquakes, groundwater surface condition, forward and backward on the shores of the sea, flood, range of motion, etc. In many environmental management issues and land use, the most important and useful help of geomorphologist is displaying shapes and surface effects on the geomorphology maps, since the establishment and creation of settlements, above all, depend on normal conditions (geology, topographic, soils, hydrology, climate) and geographic location. Therefore, geomorphologic phenomena have a significant impact on the emergence, formation, distribution, and physical development of urban and rural settlements.This article is part of a research project under the same title (Preparing Geomorphologic Map of the West of Guilan with 1:25000 scale) which was conducted by the author in the West part of Guilan province; the results show that geomorphologic phenomena have an important role in the physical expansion of the settlements in the West of the province, some of which are the Caspian coastal sand dunes, steel wetlands (South West Astara), the Marine barracks around Choubar and Haviq, Global faults of Astara, and alluvial materials of Lavandevil, Choubar, and Haviq rivers, and range of processes, create some problems for the physical development of the settlements of the research area. Research method is based on form and process analysis on 1:25000 topographic maps, geology 1:100,000, aerial photographs, and, finally, at some stages of field visits, all the data on the land was evaluated. It is hoped that this work will provide a basis so that it would be possible to prepare these maps in broad national coverage for all the provinces, and give the report to the administrative organizations Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - The role of physical factors on the development of geomorphologic city using AHP and GIS (Case Study: Firuzkuh)
Mohammad Reza Zandmoghadam

physical Establishment and development of cities is primarily a function of their geographic and environmental conditions. Urban adjacent spaces have a determinant role in how to develop urbans in relation to various natural environment including the shape of ripples an More

physical Establishment and development of cities is primarily a function of their geographic and environmental conditions. Urban adjacent spaces have a determinant role in how to develop urbans in relation to various natural environment including the shape of ripples and neighboring with natural effects such as mountains, plains, rivers, flats and Sea coasts and governing climatic conditions. So that cities are formed following the natural conditions and while communicating with each other, continue to grow and develop. This research aims to assess the Geomorphologic factors in physical development of Firouzkooh using AHP. This is an applied research in term of purpose and descriptive-survey and cross-sectional in terms of methodology. The population includes the Firouzkooh city during which information about Geomorphologic factors are collected by referring to the concerned authorities. The required information was collected and analyzed by Expert Choice. The findings indicated that two research hypotheses are confirmed by calculating and determining the heights of indices effecting on physical development and mapping GIS. AHP algorithm analysis and GIS Spatial analysis confirmed tow hypotheses about geomorphology phenomena are effective on physical development and locating of Firouzkouh city. land use map of Firouzkooh showed that a great part of the city has lands with average Geomorphologic and Constructional land that provides the conditions for developing urban and rural residents. But generally this mountainous city encounter to various limiting geomorphologic conditions. Finally, according to research findings, practical recommendations are provided. The required information was collected and analyzed by Expert Choice. The findings indicated that two research hypotheses are confirmed by calculating and determining the heights of indices effecting on physical development and mapping GIS. AHP algorithm analysis and GIS Spatial analysis confirmed tow hypotheses about geomorphology phenomena are effective on physical development and locating of Firouzkouh city. land use map of Firouzkooh showed that a great part of the city has lands with average Geomorphologic and Constructional land that provides the conditions for developing urban and rural residents. But generally this mountainous city encounter to various limiting geomorphologic conditions. Finally, according to research findings, practical recommendations are provided Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Assessing the Ecological Capability of Urban Development Using Systemic Model (A Case Study of Sari)
ali norinejad Jamaluddin Daryabari Abbas Arghan

The human relationship with the earth, over time, is always changing. This, in turn, has had a decisive impact on the use of urban lands. Therefore, in order to control urban growth, it is very important that, by identifying the ecological potential of the environment, More

The human relationship with the earth, over time, is always changing. This, in turn, has had a decisive impact on the use of urban lands. Therefore, in order to control urban growth, it is very important that, by identifying the ecological potential of the environment, the process of future development of the city be directed and managed in order to minimize the negative environmental impacts of natural resources of the city. With this view, after the implementation of the evaluation indicators through the system model, it has been tried to provide appropriate solutions for predicting future development of the city with an emphasis on environmental aspects. Therefore, while assessing the ecological capability of urban development in Sari using a system model, the zones in the form of very suitable and relatively suitable land parcels of urban development along with inappropriate land were identified. A very suitable class for urban development system model covered an area of about 433.143 square kilometers, equivalent to 11.22 percent, and a relatively suitable land had a surface of 126.29 square kilometers, equivalent to 34.3 percent of the city of Sari. Finally, it was concluded that 3,103 km2, which is 84.84% of the total 3662.151 sq. km of the area of Sari, cannot be developed for the creation of urban elements and other uses due to the indicators defined in the systemic model (Makhdoom). Undoubtedly, in order to preserve the ecosystems and environment, following this task seems necessary for the authorities to develop urban areas in future. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - An Analysis of the Spatial- physical Development Pattern of Industrial Cities (A Case Study of Abadan)
sadegh besharatifar ghaderi Esmaeil Zahra Pishgahi Fard

The results of the present study showed that according to the selective separation analysis index in 1360, the physical-spatial structure of Abadan was of the type of concentration with relative selective separation. The results of the t-test indicate that there is a si More

The results of the present study showed that according to the selective separation analysis index in 1360, the physical-spatial structure of Abadan was of the type of concentration with relative selective separation. The results of the t-test indicate that there is a significant difference between the areas related to the oil industry and other urban areas of Abadan in terms of the texture index. As the results derived from Moran's model showed, by creating more services, the oil industry was able to provide the basis for many dense constructions in its dependent localities compared to other localities and the basis for creating a kind of intense physical concentration and a concentrated and cluster growth pattern. But in 1390, many neighborhoods with a percentage of dense tissue appeared in the structure of the city, causing very dense neighborhoods to be scattered in terms of urban texture in Abadan, and the pattern of physical growth changed from concentrated and clustered in 1360 to a pattern of less concentration (scattered) and randomly change 1390. Also, the results of Pearson's correlation coefficient test show that there is no strong and significant relationship between the immigrants who entered the city and the number of oil industry workers, and the number of construction permits issued. Therefore, from 1360 to 1390, a factor such as the reconstruction of the city after the war, together with other physical-spatial changes, influenced the city's mode and expansion and pushed the city's growth pattern from a cluster to a scattered one. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - The study of Geomorphological Limitation for the Kermanshah Urban Physical Development
Mohammad Mehdy Hosieynzade Mohammad Reza Servati Mozafar Sarafi Reza Esmaeyli Roya Panahi

The emergence and establishment of cities is subjected to environmental and natural phenomena more than any other factor. The reason is that natural phenomena have certain effect on location finding, dispersion, penetration and prevalence area, physical development and More

The emergence and establishment of cities is subjected to environmental and natural phenomena more than any other factor. The reason is that natural phenomena have certain effect on location finding, dispersion, penetration and prevalence area, physical development and urban morphology. Following economic and social evolution in the  last decades, the trend of urbanization in Iran has led to ungovernable development of cities. This development, improper and incongruence with capacities and natural facilities, has created unsightly consequences in bio-skeletal space of cities. Considering the points mentioned, the purpose of this study is to examine geomorphological limitations for physical development of Kermanshah and its proper location in future development .To achieve this purpose of a topographic map, geology , landslide, land use, erosion, meteorological data, and field research using library resources  is taken. Using DEM 1:25000 from Iran Mapping Organization, the information related to slope, the aspect and altitude height of the area have been obtained, then based on fuzzy GIS ARC, the earth has been zoned for physical development of Kermanshah based on two factors including natural factors (altitude height, slope, aspect, geology, fault, flood, landslide, land use, erosion and quadruplet protecting areas) and human factors (highway, power transmission lines, army areas) .The final result of fuzzy multiplying of final map has been obtained from the location tree. Improper area which is 51617 hectare, average area which is 1372 hectare and proper area which is 1126 hectare were recognized. The major proper area is located in areas higher than Ghareh So River which ends up to Kermanshah- Sanandaj road in western part and it continues linear to the eastern part. Another area has been located in south western in Javanrood- Kermanshah road and a polygon has been located in south part of Kermanshah near Islam Abad road. The major part of improper area has been found to be located in north, south and south eastern and in the central part, on Ghare So River due to flooding and fault.                                Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Geomorphologic and physical growth of the city limits Tuyserkan using geographic information system(GIS)and digital elevation model(DEM)
Seyyed Hassan Saduq Ali Fahim

    No one can ever deny the geomorphologic constrains for physical development of cities as a main task of Geographers and urban planners. Recent socio-economic issues caused rapid disproportionate balance of natural potentials of the city by making lots More

    No one can ever deny the geomorphologic constrains for physical development of cities as a main task of Geographers and urban planners. Recent socio-economic issues caused rapid disproportionate balance of natural potentials of the city by making lots of consequences and risks. Rapid growth of population and occupying more lands in the city lead to misbalancing between physical growth and desirable agricultural farms and gardens around the cities by causing lots of Irreparable damage to the environment. Therefore, locating suitable land for urban development is necessary. In this research, by using questionnaire, AHP model and Fuzzy model in ARC GIS, constrains and preferable lands for future development of Tuyserkan based on 9 criteria (slope, distance from river, distance from the fault, height, coverage vegetation, land type, land use, and flooding of the ground material) were analyzed and mapped to 5 units of zoning.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Analysis of the Effects of Cities’ Physical Development on the Future of the Urban Environment (Case study: Parand New City)
Kamran Valipour Aliasghar Rezvani Saeid Piri

10.30495/uf.2021.683866

New cities have been built with the approach of attracting the population of large cities overflowing in their immediate vicinity, which will face environmental issues in the future, as the process of attracting population continues. Air and noise pollution caused by pe More

New cities have been built with the approach of attracting the population of large cities overflowing in their immediate vicinity, which will face environmental issues in the future, as the process of attracting population continues. Air and noise pollution caused by pendulum migration and physical development has led to the growth of environmental issues in the new city of Parand. Accordingly, this study examines the effects of the physical development of the new city of Parand on the future environment of the city. The type of research is applied and the method of the study is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population is specialists and experts and the sample size using multi-stage sampling method is 60 people. The required data has been collected through library method and field study (questionnaire). Inferential statistical methods such as regression coefficients, T-test and hierarchical analysis model have been used to analyze the data. Findings show that part of the environmental issues of Parand is affected by the urban complex of Tehran. Another part is due to the formation and development of Parand city itself، such as air pollution caused by industrial activities in the southern part of the city، pollution caused by urban and industrial wastewater and municipal waste production near Imam Khomeini International Airport close to Tehran-Saveh road and finally the prevailing winds in the region (west to east). Findings show that the growth rate of migration - physical development - urban growth rate has direct effects on increasing environmental issues in the new city of Parand in indicators such as noise and air pollution (being located in the Tehran-Saveh belt and increasing pendulum migration from the new city Parand to Tehran and Karaj) and environmental pollution due to the physical development of this city (pollution due to physical development and construction growth).  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Analysis of the Limitations of the Physical Development of Cities (Case Study: Sardasht City)
Sh. Ahmadi

  The development of cities in mountainous areas is highly sensitive due to the geomorphologic and instability limitations of the slopes. Over the past few decades, due to the rapid growth of the population and the increasing urban-urban migration, attention to cit More

  The development of cities in mountainous areas is highly sensitive due to the geomorphologic and instability limitations of the slopes. Over the past few decades, due to the rapid growth of the population and the increasing urban-urban migration, attention to cities and their physical development has been considered as an essential element in many development programs at all national, regional and local levels. Because the lack of proper planning, cities have faced many problems, such as heterogeneous and heterogeneous growth, environmental problems, and so on. This research studies the challenges and barriers of physical development in Sardasht city. The research method is descriptive-analytic. The study of the physical development bottlenecks in Sardasht city has been studied over 40 years and during the period before 1981 to 2016. For this purpose, topographic and geomorphologic information layers were prepared using satellite imagery and field operations, and then, using Arc GIS ver.3.9, the physical development of the city was studied in different periods. The results show that the city of Sardasht faces a great deal of restrictions on the three directions of geographical location of west, north and east, and from the south there is a physical development on the land of agriculture and gardens. The results also show that from a total of about 3125782.1 square meters, 8.59 percent of the range of completely suitable places and 36.08 percent of the total study area included a completely inappropriate range. The above findings can provide managers of Sardasht city with the limits of physical development of the city and executive approaches to rational encounter with them. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - The Effect of Architectural Style of Second Homes on Physical Development of Rural Settlements
Aliakbar Anabestani teymour amar samira kaviani

Construction of the second homes is one of the interests of tourists to visit villages, which often is built with the purpose of spending leisure time in the rural areas and have positive and negative effects on the rural atmosphere in many aspects, especially the physi More

Construction of the second homes is one of the interests of tourists to visit villages, which often is built with the purpose of spending leisure time in the rural areas and have positive and negative effects on the rural atmosphere in many aspects, especially the physical body, which along with tourism development consists of more complex dimensions, and the need to analyze and explain these effects is felt more than ever. The present study has been done to investigate the effect of architectural style of second homes on the physical development of rural settlements in Kelardasht town. This study is functional in term of purpose, and is descriptive-analytic in term of method and nature. To gather data, the documentary research method and field research method have been used. The population of the research is nine rural settlements in Kelardasht town in which, building the second homes was remarkable. According to Cochran's, in the villages, the sample size of the households under questioning were 110 households, who were randomly selected from among the peasants and owners of second homes.By studying the dimensions and indicators of research variables, this fact could be found out that the highest level of satisfaction with the architectural style of second homes is(4.06) in the Telochal village, and the lowest value is (3.42) in Peyghale village. Also, in the case of a physical development variable of rural settlements, the highest level of this variable is (3.09) in Taeb Kola village.Also, the effectiveness of architectural style variable of second homes on physical development of rural settlements has been estimated around 0.3 percent, which reflects the low impact of architectural style of second homes on physical development of rural settlements. Only, architectural style of second homes has caused the development of rural settlements in improving the infrastructure services dimension. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - On the Evaluation of Factors Affecting Urban Growth by Emphasizing on Land Use Changes by Means of Using a Logistic Regression Model (Case Study: Tabriz City)
rahim sarvar rasool yazdani ali eshghi chaharborj

Horizontal and unplanned expansion of cities by population growth and migration, leading to, Shortage of land, the land adjacent to urban constructions and the creation of slums in places has a natural disadvantage. Tabriz city in recent decades has experienced rapid gr More

Horizontal and unplanned expansion of cities by population growth and migration, leading to, Shortage of land, the land adjacent to urban constructions and the creation of slums in places has a natural disadvantage. Tabriz city in recent decades has experienced rapid growth and physical development. Uncontrolled urban growth, land degradation desirable garden surrounding cities, the creation of slums in steep areas on the Tabriz fault, traffic and pollution has been. Management and planning for urban growth and reduce the adverse effects of changes in land use and urban growth factors is necessary. In the present study logistic regression model, as a high capacity data-driven model has many variables involved To analyze the development of the city and the relationship between urban growth patterns and the factors driving it is being used . This research is descriptive analytic functional purpose. In this study, using the classification of satellite images over a 22 year period (1989-2011) Using maximum likelihood method changes cover/land Tabriz and surrounding lands were discovered and analyzed. The 14 independent variables and the dependent variable factors driving urban growth or urban development has taken place over the last 22 years were tested. The modeling was done for the period 2011 and 2033. Using data from 1989 to 2011 was modeled urban growth Consistent output over the map in 2011 with the actual land use map of 2011 confirmed the accuracy of the modeling contract. Finally, growth in 2033 was modeled to show results The possibility of development in the South East or North West of Tehran road (towards Marand and Bazargan border) and South West (towards Azarshahr) is the more than. To validate the modeling and understanding the factors that influence urban growth ROC method was used The results of the effects of the distance from the gardens and urban land And then factors in the development of arid lands and gardens is over 22 years. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - On the Analysis of Implementation of Guidance Projects' Effects on the Development of Rural Areas (Case Study: Khorashad Village, Birjand County)
mahdieh khorashadi morteza esmaeilnejad

Today in Iran, the rural guidance project, is the most important tool in the rural development management. These projects mainly focus on the physical aspects of rural areas and the major implemented or executed rural guidance projects have also physical aspects. In thi More

Today in Iran, the rural guidance project, is the most important tool in the rural development management. These projects mainly focus on the physical aspects of rural areas and the major implemented or executed rural guidance projects have also physical aspects. In this regard, the main objective of this study is the investigation of the effects of the implementation of the guidance project on the development of the khorashad village. The nature of this study is descriptive-analytic and in descriptive method, the data was gathered through library studies and field operations by questionnaires. In the analytic method, according to the study hypotheses, the Pearson correlation test is used. The population of this study is the household headmen in village Khorashad, which 77 person of them have been calculated using the Cochran formula and questionnaires distributed among them. Validity of the questionaire is approved by experts and scholars in the related field of study. The results of the study showed that the inhabitants of rural areas were satisfied the implementation of the guidance project and extent of the effectiveness and success of the guidance project evaluated well in relation with housing indicators, physical, health and land use. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - Physical Development Planning of Urban Green Space with an Emphasis on Accessibility Factor (Case Study: Babol City)
R. Lahmian

Interest in urban parks has begun as a result of urban population growth and in recent years, attention has been paid to the sustainability of parks in relation to social and environmental issues. In addition to providing aesthetic and recreational value to parks, these More

Interest in urban parks has begun as a result of urban population growth and in recent years, attention has been paid to the sustainability of parks in relation to social and environmental issues. In addition to providing aesthetic and recreational value to parks, these parks also play a key role in economic development, improving public health, creating job opportunities and creating self-sufficiency in natural resources, in all of these factors, the access element is one of the most important dimensions in this regard. The objective of this study is physical development planning of urban green spaces with an emphasis on the accessibility factor of Babol city. Through surveys and field observations, the indexes were collected and next, using the hierarchical analysis model, combination of the variables and share of each one in explaining the availability of the access of urban parks separated from neighborhoods were done. Then, using GIS software and location method, new green spaces are proposed based on the needs of citizens and to address the per capita green spaces in Babol. The study shew that the main prerequisites for the development of green spaces are the awareness of managers and intermediate authorities of the municipalities about the benefits of green spaces, the need for all people to participate in the importance of urban environmental quality issues and access to the equipment needed for green spaces. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - On the Analysis of the Function and Role of Natural Factors in Locating and Physical Development of City (Case study: Kamyaran City)
Mohammad Sedigh Ghorbani Masood Alimoradi Farzad Veysi Ramin Ghorbani

Physical development of Kamyaran city and how to deal with various natural and geomorphic units, including hills, rivers, old alluviums and fault lines have brought important issues and challenges. This study seeks to identify factors influencing the location and develo More

Physical development of Kamyaran city and how to deal with various natural and geomorphic units, including hills, rivers, old alluviums and fault lines have brought important issues and challenges. This study seeks to identify factors influencing the location and development of Kamyaran and regarding these factors provide an appropriate model for the future development of this city. This study is applied and descriptive-analytical research in term of objective and method, respectively. In this study field observation, aerial photos, satellite imagery (Landsat) and DEM 27 meters were used to extract much of the information and maps in the GIS software. Data sets were examined and analyzed in Analytical Hierarchy Model. According to the results, almost 33% of the Kamyaran current limits were built in areas with optimal fit. Lands with the proportion of medium and low fitness are in next priority, correspondingly. Constructed parts of the city on the foothills Pir Mohammad and its surrounding areas, around Kamyaran river and Hassil Qader creek, as well as Gla Charmo and the hills in eastern part of the Kamyaran River, where phase 3 of Be'sat county and some parts of phase 1 has been constructed, all together show the ignorance of natural factors. The reason for this situation further is due to the willing of land owners and the interests of early migrants to settle on the roadside to their migration origin. Finally, it should be noted that based on the analysis of hierarchical model, within 34 square kilometers which was considered around the city, nearly 29 percent of its area, has high and very high proportion for development, which are located in the Northeast, Northwest, West and Southwest of the current position of Kamyaran city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Feasibility physical development Optimal of City Bonab Using synthetic model of AHP/FUZZY
Ebrahim Sami Pooran Karbasi Zahra Afzali

today, one of the most important and complex issues for urban programmers and decision making is locating suitable places for future development of cities and determining suitable lands, which this objective will obtain with a comprehensive view on all the effective fac More

today, one of the most important and complex issues for urban programmers and decision making is locating suitable places for future development of cities and determining suitable lands, which this objective will obtain with a comprehensive view on all the effective factors on the physical urban development. To do this, the present research which is a developmental-applicable type, with the purpose of determining suitable locations for future development of Bonab city, has studied this issue by descriptive- analytical method. About eight factors were identified in order to study and evaluate land suitability for urban development. To determine the importance of target indicators to assess land suitability, first the relative importance of each criterion was determined through analytical hierarchy model using Expert Choice software. Then, each of them was fuzzy using GIS and IDRIS software and was placed in the numerical range of zero to one. In the next step, all fuzzed layers were multiplied in each weights resulted from analytical hierarchy model with integrating AHP model and Fuzzy model and thereby the weighted fuzzy layer was prepared. Then operators of multiplying, adding and fuzzy gamma of 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 were carried out and layer overlapping is done. The results indicate that the fuzzy gamma of 0.9 has the best overlapping. Determined by divided Gamma 9/0, that 66.24% of study region (511.412 km2) is located in the class of totally inappropriate and 9.56% of that (73.8124 km2) is located in the class of totally appropriate Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Analysis of the impact of lifestyle changes on the rural housing model Case study: Kandovan village
soheyla bakhtar elnaz Abizade,

The expansion and influence of the media in rural areas And new technologies Lifestyle has affected rural areas, And these changes, Physical space of rural areas, In particular, rural housing has undergone changes. according to imprtance of subject The present study was More

The expansion and influence of the media in rural areas And new technologies Lifestyle has affected rural areas, And these changes, Physical space of rural areas, In particular, rural housing has undergone changes. according to imprtance of subject The present study was conducted to investigate lifestyle changes in the housing model in Kandovan village The present research is applied in terms of objective and descriptive-analytical in term of nature. The statistical population is 450 people in Kandovan villageThe sample size was estimated to be 207 according to the cochran's formula. The distribution of samples in the village was systematic random. for analyze the subject In the lifestyle changes section of the 3 indicators in the form of 54 Items And in the housing model section of 4 indicators in the form of 24 Items Based on the studies of other researchers, it was used in combination. Questionnaire validation by panel of experts And The experts in this field were confirmed. To determine the reliability, 30 questionnaires were distributed pre-test in the region And the reliability coefficient for the whole questionnaire was 0.95. The results of the research findings show There is a positive and significant relationship between lifestyle and housing pattern. The results of the findings are based on the regression coefficient Which explains the lifestyle variable with a beta coefficient of 0.883, 0.778 of the total variance of the pattern. And the more lifestyle changes, the more The pattern of housing in rural areas is also changing. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Assessment of the effects of conducting a guideline on the physical Development of villages from the perspective of villagers(Case Study: Robatkarim City - Tehran Province)
Vahid Riahi somayeh azizi

Preparation and implementation of a rural guide plan for the physical development of villages in Iran. The assessment of the physical effects of implementation of projects is an important issue that can determine the implications of the implementation of the project in More

Preparation and implementation of a rural guide plan for the physical development of villages in Iran. The assessment of the physical effects of implementation of projects is an important issue that can determine the implications of the implementation of the project in the villages and, on the other hand, identify the strengths and weaknesses available to provide the necessary information for better management of projects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical effects of Conductor Plan design in Robatkarim. The research method is descriptive-analytic. The statistical population consists of 13 villages in two districts of Manjil Abad and Vahn Abad, which have been implemented for more than a decade. The sample size was 240 households by using Cochran sampling method, which was questioned by random sampling. The findings of the study, based on the results of a one-sample t-test, show that the implementation of the Conductor Plan has a relatively successful performance and has positive and significant effects on the physical dimension. But the physical effects of the plan differ from each other in each of the physical variables and components. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - Measuring the Effective Variables on Urban Expansion and Physical Development Simulation of Hamadan City Using Integrated Model of Cellular automata, Logistic Regression and Markov Chain
Saeid Hajibabaei keramatollah ziari kianoosh zakerhaghighi

Urban development and irregular migration of rural population to urban areas are significant phenomena that have damaged agricultural lands, natural landscapes, and public open spaces. This issue doubles the need for informed guidance and spatial organization to better More

Urban development and irregular migration of rural population to urban areas are significant phenomena that have damaged agricultural lands, natural landscapes, and public open spaces. This issue doubles the need for informed guidance and spatial organization to better understand the processes of urban development for future planning. The present study aimed to evaluate the growth of Hamedan city from 1996 to 2019 and then simulate until 2041. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the cellular automation model was used to simulate physical development, and logistic regression was applied to analyze the impact of different variables on physical growth and the Markov chain was used to analyze user changes. The validity of Landsat satellite images is also evaluated with respect to the kappa value and acceptable overall accuracy. The results indicate that city center and agricultural land variables with ROC of 0.873 and 0.881, respectively, had the most impact on Hamadan urban growth during the last 23 years. The area of urban areas in 1996 was doubled compared to the year 2011, and almost 2.5 times more than in 2019. On the other hand, population growth increased 1.48 times over the past 23 years. This indicates that the growth rate of urban areas exceeded the population growth rate in Hamadan. The results of the model evaluation indicate that the integrated model is able to provide a precise understanding of urban processes and developments such as evaluating past developments and predicting directions and rates of future physical development. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - Investigation of physical development of Khorram Abad city with emphasis on indigenous development indicators
Manijeh Lalepour Marzieh Esmailpour Farzaneh Pahlevani

endogenous development, the goal is not only the development of the city from inner parts, rather the quality of putting different land uses together and integrating them next to each other is a matter for planners. In this regard, the present study has considered the p More

endogenous development, the goal is not only the development of the city from inner parts, rather the quality of putting different land uses together and integrating them next to each other is a matter for planners. In this regard, the present study has considered the physical development characteristics of Khorram Abad city in terms of quality of physical development of the city by using indicators such as land use compatibility and incompatibility, land use mixture index as well as quantitative indices determining he indigenous development of city such as population density changes, the ratio of area growth to population, the number of licenses issued, and the quality and age of buildings in old texture. The research method is descriptive-analytical through library (documentary) and field studies. The results of this study show that, despite the fact that the city of Khorram Abad has internal development potentials, but like other cities in our country, it has experienced sprawl growth in recent decades. Investigation of various indicators showed that the city did not follow the indigenous development policy in its physical-spatial development. In addition, less attention has been paid to the compatibility and incompatibility of neighboring land uses and to the mixing of different land uses within the urban context. Considering the developmental capacities in the old textures of Khorram Abad city, construction in these textures, by implementing incentives policies and increasing floor area ratio, is the best way to prevent uncontrolled growth of the city, reduce costs and urban development issues Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Analysis of the role of natural factors influencing the future development of Ahvaz city
Mohammad Ebrahim Afifi mahnaz ameri marziyeh moghali

Introduction: Today, population growth and physical development in Iranian cities, especially Ahvaz, is increasing. The pattern of urban expansion in Ahvaz city has also moved in a new direction due to the rapid urbanization in Iran in the past several years, under the More

Introduction: Today, population growth and physical development in Iranian cities, especially Ahvaz, is increasing. The pattern of urban expansion in Ahvaz city has also moved in a new direction due to the rapid urbanization in Iran in the past several years, under the influence of the urbanization process, population expansion and increase in migration, so that the master plan has not been able to provide a suitable model for the expansion of this city. Therefore, one of the most important issues facing the development of this city is the location of its future development, and in this regard, natural parameters are considered to be the main factors that determine the direction of the physical development of Ahvaz.Research aim: The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of natural factors influencing the future development of Ahvaz city and to provide a suitable location according to these factors for the future development of this city.Methodology: The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of its practical purpose and in terms of methodology. The territory of the current research is the city of Ahvaz. In this research, the physical development status of Ahvaz city was investigated using GIS software, then the directions of the city's expansion from the perspective of geomorphological and natural factors were investigated in the ARC GIS environment using FUZZY OVERLAY and GAMMA operator.Studied Areas: The geographical area of this research is the city of Ahvaz.Results: The findings of the research showed that in the planning for the development of Ahvaz city, the capabilities and natural hazards have been neglected and the physical development of this city has taken place regardless of the geomorphological limitations.Conclusion: According to the final map of the geomorphologically prone areas, a significant part of the northern part of Ahvaz city is in poor condition, in the west it is in poor condition, in the east it is in average condition and in the south it is in good condition. Therefore, the southern areas of Ahvaz city are more suitable for the future development of this city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Application of artificial neural networks in modeling urban physical development (Case study: Rasht city)
tala abedi golamreza miri parviz rezaei reza zarei

Introduction: The physical development of cities is increasing day by day. Correct management of this development from various aspects is among the important issues that must be considered. There are many methods for predicting and determining the direction of urban dev More

Introduction: The physical development of cities is increasing day by day. Correct management of this development from various aspects is among the important issues that must be considered. There are many methods for predicting and determining the direction of urban development, one of these methods for determining suitable areas is the method based on neural networks.The purpose of the research: The purpose of this research is to model the development of the city of Rasht in the last 20 years and predict the directions of development of this city until 2032.Research methodology :By using ETM+ Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images of 2002, 2012 and 2021 of Rasht city and with GIS software, images with suitable band composition are prepared and then the images are classified using Multi Layer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network (MLP) method. The indicators considered for the neighborhood model of urban areas are the distance from urban points, the distance to the central areas of the city, and the distance to the main streets and roads.The geographical scope of the research:Rasht city, the capital of Gilan province, is located at 49 degrees 35 minutes 45 seconds east longitude and 37 degrees 16 minutes 30 seconds north latitude from the Greenwich meridian, and its area is about 10,240 hectares.Findings and discussion:In this model, in the training mode of the first stage (input, applying 4 indexes on the images of 2002), the network performed 104 iterations, and the lowest error rate, which is evaluated by the crossentropy criterion, was equal to 0.058526 in the 98th iteration. In the second step, the input of the model was to apply 4 indicators on the images of 2012, and the lowest error rate was evaluated as 0.076657.Results :In total, the model has been able to predict the development of Rasht city in 2012, 95.9% and for 2021, 93.8%, which can be acceptable. The model error in this first part was 1.4% and in the second part was 2.6%. By examining the 20-year period of physical development, the development directions of Rasht city in 2032 were predicted. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - Modeling the physical development of Rasht city with methods based on soft computing
golamreza miri parviz rezaei reza zarei tala abedi

The rapid growth of population and urbanization is an undeniable phenomenon. When cities grow in terms of size and population, coordination between the physical development of the city and population growth is very important . With the help of methods based on soft comp More

The rapid growth of population and urbanization is an undeniable phenomenon. When cities grow in terms of size and population, coordination between the physical development of the city and population growth is very important . With the help of methods based on soft computing, including artificial neural networks and support vector machines, it is possible to predict the directions of urban development in the coming years. The purpose of this research is to model the development of Rasht city in the last twenty years and predict the directions of development of this city until 2032. By using ETM+ Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images of 2002, 2012 and 2021 of Rasht city and with GIS software, images with suitable band composition are prepared and then using two methods of artificial neural networks and support vector machine for floor images. are grouped The indicators considered for the neighborhood model of urban areas are distance from urban points, distance to central areas of the city, and distance to main streets and roads. Rasht city, the capital of Gilan province, is located at 49 degrees 35 minutes 45 seconds east longitude and 37 degrees 16 minutes 30 seconds north latitude from the Greenwich meridian, and its area is about 10,240 hectares. In this model, in the first stage of the model, an activation function was achieved by applying four input indicators to the images of 2002 and comparing them with the images of 2012, and in the second stage, the network test was performed with the input of images of 2012 and the output of 2021 of Rasht city. In the last stage, the prediction function has provided 2032 images of Rasht city. The artificial neural network model has a correct estimate of 95.9% in 2012 and 93.8% for 2021, so these numbers can be acceptable. The support vector machine model has been able to predict the development of Rasht city in 2012 by 96.4% and for 2021 by 95.3%, which has provided more accurate results than the artificial neural network model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - Study Outcome of Villages Texture Integration in City(Case Study: City of Miandoaab)
rahim sarvar parvin chatr shamsollah Kazemzad

Introduction Development of human settlements and the creation of an appropriate system and network unsafely in the development process can cause spatial justice, urban and rural space narrowing, strengthening the link urban and rural and finally merge them and changes More

Introduction Development of human settlements and the creation of an appropriate system and network unsafely in the development process can cause spatial justice, urban and rural space narrowing, strengthening the link urban and rural and finally merge them and changes in economic conditions, social, physical lead and comprehensive development and to create stability. Accordingly, the villages in its transformation process at the time of emergence, growth and long to have survived. In the process of integrating it with other villages and integration within the cities or population growth, the city began to have a new life. Some villages still have to survive as a rural settlement. Another group of villages with changing economic conditions - social and technological developments, have passed the decline and over are faced with population decline. As city of Miandoaab inmostIranian cities, rapiddevelopmentinthe 1980S to 2000S istheintegration ofeightvillagessurroundingthecity. Therefore, this studyinvestigates theeffects and consequences ofeconomic, socialand physicalintegration ofeightvillagesof Qareveran, Tghiabad, Valiabad, Behykandi, Vakilkandi, Bashirkandi, EbrahomNayebkandiandYuzbashkandi ispaidin theMiandoaab city and satisfactionafterthe inhabitantsof thesevillageshave beenmerged in the city. *Corresponding Author:       Sarvarh 83@gmail.com         Methodology The purpose of this study was to evaluate the consequences of the merger is in the village. With a descriptive - analytical to explain effects of physical, social and economic  of cultural integration is mentioned in the study villages. Two methods for data collection and survey documents have been used. The documentary method, to identify factors affecting the integration process and evaluate the comparative effects of integration in the village, is separately incorporated settlements. The survey method using observation, interviews (city officials and council), and questionnaires completed by 260 households in eight settlements mentioned have been merged. Information obtained from questionnaires completed by families residing in incorporated villages, using SPSS statistical software and T-test and descriptive statistics and statistical analysis has been analyzed. Result and Discussion Resultsshow thatthe views ofresidents, the maximumandminimum positive impact ofphysicalintegrationvillages in the city,with72.3and14.5percent, respectively increasequalityofasphaltpavementsand improvethe shapeofdoorsand windows. However, the maximum and minimum negative impact on the physicalintegrationwith 62and41.3percent respectively istissuechangessettlements andseparated development ofland. in thesocialaspectthe views ofresidents, the maximumandminimum positive impact ofsocialintegrationvillages in the city,with89.8and31.2percentrespectively, improvingquality of life andreduce thetendencyto migrate tothe city. However, the maximumandminimum negative impact ofsocialintegrationvillages in the city,with58.5and3.2percentrespectively, increasingurbanization and thefading ofsocialparticipation. Also in the economic aspectthe views ofresidents, the maximumandminimum positive impact of economic integrationvillages in the city,with59.8and10.8percentrespectively, increasing land prices and increasing number of industrial and semi industrial workshops. However, the maximumandminimum negative impact of economic integrationvillages in the city,with81.8and38.8percentrespectively, Increasing costs of living and withdrawal of government support and assistance to the villagers. According to tests conducted overall the visual effects mentioned families in rural settlements merger integration is positive. Comments of the municipality and city council officials, the advantages and disadvantages of merging the village in the city, indicated that the benefits of integration between their villages, inthe cityterms ofcreatingjobsand increasingtheadministrative, commercialand services, promotingculture,urbanizationandrisinglevelsof culture and informationto helppeopleenhancethe survivalof thepopulationliving incities andattracta limited numberofruralmigrants,facilities andinstitutionsto createnew services,improving thephysicalcondition ofthe city, garbagecollection, constructionofhousingandcommercialunitsandconstructionmanagement, construction ofprotectivefacilitiesinthe cityand its surroundings andprovide someservicesfromthe municipality, there is consensus and also, in terms of disadvantages, such as rising housing prices and speculation, rising expectations of people, cut off some aid and government support, which is rural. The officials, council members and families into settlements, there is consensus. Views of officials and households living inintegration of rural disadvantage in decisions and policies can usually be resolved. Integrationbetweenvillagesinthe city(in terms ofphysicalsize, economic and social) integration, and distancetodowntownandvillagedevelopment plansforcitydevelopment(physical development-physical) there isa significant relationship. Because, the more time passes from the merger of the village in the city, the number of facilities and services in urban settlements than before the merger and the increased quality of services, particularly administrative services - credit and health - health has improved and villages that have a distance less than the city center, further development and integration of urban services have benefited more than other villages. As a result, more households have been accepted by the population. Conclusion The results of the findings show that the maximum benefits Integrated of village in the cityisthephysical and the economic aspect is the minimum advantaged. While conversely, the maximum disadvantageis theeconomicaspect ofintegrationinthe villageinthe city and thephysicalaspectisthe minimum disadvantages. This indicated that the integration of anatomical changes and increased services in rural areas in urban settlements has been the integration of other dimensions and in rural areas in the city benefits from the integration of anatomical, between authorities and households sampled, there is more consensus. Also the results show, however that the majority of responses stated that Guyana and the positive effects of integration in their village has negative effects and consequences and satisfied.This action has yet been able to meet all the expectations of residents. Therefore, it seemstocreateand deploythe necessaryinfrastructurefordevelopmentinsimilarareastheintegrationprocessinthevillageand thelegal infrastructureto supporteconomicinvestmentandprosperityinbusinessis essential. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - Emplacement of physical development optimal ways of Rasht using AHP
سید علی حسینی احمد پوراحمد رضا ویسی

Proper use of environmental potentials of around the city increases economic efficiency and reduces vulnerability of existing resources. In current situation that most of the cities are faced with rapid and increasing physical development, necessity to identification an More

Proper use of environmental potentials of around the city increases economic efficiency and reduces vulnerability of existing resources. In current situation that most of the cities are faced with rapid and increasing physical development, necessity to identification and displacement of suitable lands for conservation of urban rare resources is indispensible. Regarding to Rasht city place in Guilan Province fertile plain and existence of some urban development physical limitations, such as marshy land, farm lands, fertile gardens, forests, and etc., could not be developed widely. Main object of this paper is determination of the proper and optimal direction of urban development with minimal damage to environmental resources in order to provide land for future development of the city. In order to collect, analyze, and produce different layers and maps of obstacles emplacement and the optimal development direction of Rasht, the technical tools of GIShas been used.  During this process, at first needed and efficient were identified, collected and analyzed into 11 indicators (lands potential, topography, land stability, communication networks, airports, cemeteries, rivers, natural habitats, industrial town, the lagoon and surrounding rural areas). After this stage, variables and criteria entering operation in Geographical Information System (GIS) was performed and in the next stage new information layers such as distance from the cemetery, the river, industrial town, and etc. was evaluated according to available data. At rest, data were classified and evaluated again. In order to valuate information layers in this research, AHP model and hierarchical method have been used. Finally, after combination of the maps, the final map of proper direction of optimal Rasht future urban development was selected, provided, and determined. Results and conclusions of studies have emplaced the best lands for Rasht future urban development in South direction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - The Analysis of Alvand Town's spatial & physical development pattern using Antropi Shanon's & Heldern's models to depict its favorite development pattern of Alvand town in future
nafiseh Marsousi rahmatollah farhoodi aliakbar esmaeili ahmad heshmati

During recent decades, urban development process has increased because of the industrial revolution. This process has facilitated urban target immigration which considered to  be in priority comparing with urban – infrastructure construction. Such imbalance s More

During recent decades, urban development process has increased because of the industrial revolution. This process has facilitated urban target immigration which considered to  be in priority comparing with urban – infrastructure construction. Such imbalance situation has made some problem for urban development. The Industrial development and other factors have affected in urban & rural structure. These factors have attracted the population to urban Centers. This circumstance can be seen in the metropolitan specifically. Alvand town enjoying such specifications during for last decades. This analysis using Shannon's & Heldren models to study the town's physical development targeting the improvement of physical pattern of Alvand town. The result indicate that Alvand town had developed unsystematically due to the lack of municipality and urban management entities up to 1361. This town has developed such way in spite of establishing municipality since 1362 to 1375. The speed of development has decreased comparing to previous decades since 1375. This situation has made Alvand "town's appearance different & ugly. These models have indicated that the rate of spiral could be 43%. However, there is a huge difference between Antropi value made by horizontal development and urban spiral during last decades. so the results show that it would be possible to suggest "Nosrat Abad" (13th Zone) as future development pattern of Alvand town. So urban construction would be in priority than urban – target immigration  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - The Position of Geomorpholog Maps in Physical Development of Settlements of Astara County
Rafat ShahmariArdejani

Most of the settlements of Guilan province have certain natural constraints in physical development. In terms of geomorphology, these centers, in their physical development, have problems such as earthquakes, groundwater surface condition, forward and backward on t More

Most of the settlements of Guilan province have certain natural constraints in physical development. In terms of geomorphology, these centers, in their physical development, have problems such as earthquakes, groundwater surface condition, forward and backward on the shores of the sea, flood, range of motion, etc. In many environmental management issues and land use, the most important and useful help of geomorphologist is displaying shapes and surface effects on the geomorphology maps, since the establishment and creation of settlements, above all, depend on normal conditions (geology, topographic, soils, hydrology, climate) and geographic location. Therefore, geomorphologic phenomena have a significant impact on the emergence, formation, distribution, and physical development of urban and rural settlements.This article is part of a research project under the same title (Preparing Geomorphologic Map of the West of Guilan with 1:25000 scale) which was conducted by the author in the West part of Guilan province; the results show that geomorphologic phenomena have an important role in the physical expansion of the settlements in the West of the province, some of which are the Caspian coastal sand dunes, steel wetlands (South West Astara), the Marine barracks around Choubar and Haviq, Global faults of Astara, and alluvial materials of Lavandevil, Choubar, and Haviq rivers, and range of processes, create some problems for the physical development of the settlements of the research area. Research method is based on form and process analysis on 1:25000 topographic maps, geology 1:100,000, aerial photographs, and, finally, at some stages of field visits, all the data on the land was evaluated. It is hoped that this work will provide a basis so that it would be possible to prepare these maps in broad national coverage for all the provinces, and give the report to the administrative organizations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Performance Analysis of participation in Community Development & Skeletal DhyaryRural AreasGorganTown Ship (Case Studi:VillagesAstrabadshomaly)
hamid barghi roghayeh taziki

Dhyary of new institutions in rural development in the last decades has created the Office of Management and Rural Development. If the development is done based on the needs of the people, would be more appropriate and correct that the local level is done by Dhyary. How More

Dhyary of new institutions in rural development in the last decades has created the Office of Management and Rural Development. If the development is done based on the needs of the people, would be more appropriate and correct that the local level is done by Dhyary. However Dhyary as government representative in the villages and local people and institutions play an important role in resolving the problems of the rural population . The purpose of this study in rural district of northern Astarābād of Gorgancitywas to examine the influence of dhyaran's partnership & operation in the social development & Skeletal of villages To achieve this objective, descriptive - analytical study is used. The study population consisted of four villages with active Dhyary in the district with 595 Family on the basis of the Cochran formula, 210 samples were selected. Research tool,was a questionnaire that its validity was confirmed by the group of experts and for determining the reliability measure of Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire (86/0) was used. Data were analyzed using spss software. In analyzing the data to examine the relationship between the significant Dhyary's operation and social and cultural development & physical rurals was used single-sample t-test and t-test voice. And to determine the level of development rurals in the fields of social and physical before and after Partnership & Operation of dhyaran  the Friedman test was used. The results of study show the level of development rurals in the fields of social and physical after Partnership & Operation of dhyaran is over. In both indicators, as well as social and physical-biological ‌ environment, rural development, with the participation of Dhyary has significant relation at the level of 99 percent. The indicators of physical - biological ‌ environment after Partnership of  dhyaranappropriated averaging  5/12 the highest rated at the Development of  Partnership & Operation dhyaran.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - Surveying The Role of Physical Development of Rasht City in Land Use Changing of The City Border Fields
majid yasori reza Viasi mojgan sabab kar maryam mohamadi

Further development of cities population in physical development and Land use  changing of the city border fields has an effective role. Rasht's population is increased from 294000 in 1991 to the more than 600000 in 2011. In this period the area of city is from 299 More

Further development of cities population in physical development and Land use  changing of the city border fields has an effective role. Rasht's population is increased from 294000 in 1991 to the more than 600000 in 2011. In this period the area of city is from 2994 hectare to 10240 hectare. The result of population increase and the area of the city, physical development of the city and in result Land use  changing of the city border and to the building of these fields, therefore knowing the effective outfits on the city's development for correct and logical opposition with its adherence problems and thinker design and future development of the city is important. The kind of research in usage research and its method is resolution-descriptive. Surveying results of the research shows that during 1991 to 2011, is about 3587 hectare from the fields of city, has a Land use  changing and goes to the basis of the city. According to the Rasht municipality, the number of residential units of the Rasht city from 84053 in 1991 to 140355 units in 2010, that is the sign of 67 Percentincreasing in this period. Even the resulted findings from comparison of two plans of Rasht City in 1991 with 2011 shows that in this period the number of 10 villages in a city and even the number of 57728 of royal territories in a border of city is added to the municipality services restrict. That is involves in different Land use  changing, such as residential, commercial, industrial and…  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

51 - The Effect of Modernism on Spatial-physical Development of Iranian-Islamic Cities such as Tehran
Amin Faraji Mollaie Asadolah Rashedi

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - Explaining the Effects of Reverse Migration Physical, and Environmental Development of the Mahale Anzal Villages in Urmia County
Sharifeh Jafarmadar Gharabagh Dr.Simin Armaghan Dr. Tahmineh Daniyali

The purpose of this study was to explain the effects of reverse migration on the economic, physical, and environmental development of the Mahale Anzal villages in Urmia County from 2017 to 2021. The research design was descriptive-analytical. The statistical population More

The purpose of this study was to explain the effects of reverse migration on the economic, physical, and environmental development of the Mahale Anzal villages in Urmia County from 2017 to 2021. The research design was descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study was 944 households of returnees to the Mahale Anzal villages, of which 275 households were selected using the quota sampling method and randomly responded to the questionnaires. The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire with a reliability of 0.818 and analyzed using SPSS-V.28 and Lisrel-V.10 software. The research questionnaire had an acceptable validity of exploratory factor analysis (0.847) and confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between reverse migration, economic development, physical development, and environmental development (P≤0.01). Reverse migration had a direct and positive effect on economic development (0.69), physical development (0.56), and environmental development (0.55) (P≤0.01). Additionally, reverse migration had an indirect and positive effect (0.34) on physical development and (0.28) on environmental development through economic development in the Mahale Anzal villages of Urmia County (P≤0.01). The authorities should strive to develop the economic conditions of the villages, which will lead to the improvement of living conditions, the strengthening and updating of rural housing, and consequently the physical and environmental development of the villages, thereby improving the living conditions in the villages for reverse migration. Manuscript profile

List of Articles physical development

Sanad

Links

Related Centers

Technical Support

Official pages