natural hazards

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1 - Urban and Architectural Development in Amman Downtown between Natural Disasters and Great Heritage Lose: Case Study
Bassam Abu-Awad Numan Abu-Hammad Ziad Abu-Hamatteh

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2 - Landslide susceptibility mapping using advanced machine learning algorithms (Case study: Sarovabad city, Kurdistan province)
Baharak Motamedvaziri Hemen Rastkhadiv Seyed Akbar Javadi Hasan Ahmadi

The occurrence of landslides in mountainous areas may cause serious damage to road infrastructure, and may also lead to human deaths. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to landslide susceptibility mapping using advanced machine learning algorithms in Sarovabad city More

The occurrence of landslides in mountainous areas may cause serious damage to road infrastructure, and may also lead to human deaths. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to landslide susceptibility mapping using advanced machine learning algorithms in Sarovabad city. In this study, landslide susceptibility was determined using two advanced data mining algorithms including random forest (RF) and decision tree (DT). First, the point file of 166 landslides occurred in Sarovabad city was considered as the landslide inventory map. The landslide points are divided into training data (70%) and validation data (30%). A total of 16 parameters including slope, aspect, elevation, river proximity, road proximity, river density, fault proximity, fault density, road density, precipitation, land use, NDVI, lithology, earthquake, stream power index (SPI) and topographic wetness index (TWI) were used in order to landslide susceptibility mapping. Finally, the performance of the models was evaluated using the ROC curve. The results of the ROC showed that the decision tree and random forest models have AUC values of 0.942 and 0.951, respectively. Therefore, the random forest model has the highest AUC value compared to the decision tree and was the best model for predicting the risk of landslides in the future in the study area. Landslide potential maps are efficient tools; so that they can be used for environmental management, land use planning and infrastructure development. Manuscript profile

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3 - The role of geomorphology on evaluation and prevention of natural disasters in Iran
Davood Mokhtari

Because geographical situation, geologic and geomorphologic conditions andhistorical background from economic, social and cultural point of view, Iran is adisastrous country in worldwide. In spite of advances in geomorphology in Iran inrecent decades, relation of this f More

Because geographical situation, geologic and geomorphologic conditions andhistorical background from economic, social and cultural point of view, Iran is adisastrous country in worldwide. In spite of advances in geomorphology in Iran inrecent decades, relation of this field of geography to Natural disasters is not makingclear still. This paper attempt to investigate of geomorphologic dimensions of somenatural disasters occurred in recent years in our country, and importance of theincorporation not only of geomorphologic research, but also of geomorphologies inrisk assessment and management programs in Iran is emphasized.Studies on some natural disasters such as landslides, sandy storms, earthquakes andetc. indicate that this natural disasters lead to geomorphic problems from two aspects:first, natural hazards produce special geomorphic landforms and second, activegeomorphologic agents are origin of natural disasters occurring. Indeedgeomorphology is a powerful field that must play a role in the interdisciplinary effortsto develop adequate strategies for prevention and mitigation of natural disasters. Manuscript profile

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4 - Application of Machine Learning Models for flood risk assessment and producing map to identify flood prone areas: Literature Review
Parisa Firoozishahmirzadi Shaghayegh Rahimi Zeinab Esmaeili Seraji

10.30495/ijdea.2022.68987.1181

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5 - Assessing the natural hazards of Ilam city with the approach of economic, organizational (institutional) and environmental resilience
alimohammad mirzaee Mohamad Reza Zandmoghaddam saeid kamyabi

As the most complex human-made system, the city faces a wide range of risks, including natural risks such as earthquakes, floods, volcanoes, droughts, etc. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the natural hazards of Ilam city with the approach of economic More

As the most complex human-made system, the city faces a wide range of risks, including natural risks such as earthquakes, floods, volcanoes, droughts, etc. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the natural hazards of Ilam city with the approach of economic, organizational (institutional) and environmental resilience. The current research is survey and analytical in terms of collecting data and information. Also, this research is based on the purpose of applied type. The statistical population of the citizens of Ilam city is 384 people and the urban planning officials are 30 people. According to the main purpose of the research, to get quantitative research information, a questionnaire was designed based on the opinions of the elites and urban planning professors. One-sample t-test was used for data analysis in SPSS software. Considering that the urban areas of Ilam are evaluated in this research, the urban areas of Ilam are ranked using the multi-criteria decision-making model of Vicor based on the level of resilience from economic, organizational (institutional) and environmental dimensions. The results of the economic resilience survey showed that region 3 is the most resilient region of Ilam city and 50% of the regions are relatively resilient economically and have a better situation in terms of economic resilience. The results of the organizational resilience survey showed that Region 3 is the most resilient region of the city and 75% of the regions were relatively resilient in terms of organization. Among these regions, only region two has a low organizational (institutional) resilience. The results of the environmental resilience survey showed that region 3 is the most resilient region of the city and 50% of the regions were relatively resilient in terms of environment. Among these regions, only region one lacks resilience from an environmental point of view Manuscript profile

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6 - The role of social resilience in reducing damage caused by natural factors affecting desert areas (a case study of dust in Semnan city)
Seyyed Ebrahim Miremadi Mohammad Reza Zandmoghadam saeid kamyabi

Natural hazards are a reality that has affected a significant part of the southern regions of Semnan today. Due to the fact that in some cases, it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of these natural hazards, therefore, it is very important to investigate the leve More

Natural hazards are a reality that has affected a significant part of the southern regions of Semnan today. Due to the fact that in some cases, it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of these natural hazards, therefore, it is very important to investigate the level of resilience against natural disasters. Waghbar) is affected by desert areas, Semnan city.The current research is applied and analytical-descriptive in purpose. Using the fuzzy model, this research seeks to evaluate the resilience of the southern residents of Semnan city against dust, in this regard, 40 questionnaires were provided to experts and specialists, the reliability of the questionnaire was determined by Cronbach's alpha, and its validity was determined by the experts in geography and Urban planning and social sciences were approved. The questions included four dimensions (physical, social, economic and institutional) which were answered by experts.Findings: It indicates that: the main question of the research has been rejected at a significant level. And the maximum amount of resilience in the social, economic and organizational dimensions, the amount of resilience is significantly greater than the hypothetical average, so that the three sub-questions of the research are confirmed. they got.According to the research findings, there is no significant relationship between resilience and physical, social, economic, and institutional components. With the explanation that the lower the level of each of the components, the level of resilience also decreases, the results of analyzes and statistical tests show that the state of resilience of Shahr Semnan is not very favorable and resilience tends towards vulnerability. The resilience values of Semnan city are far from the standards. Manuscript profile

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7 - Sustainable urban development with an emphasis on the risks and natural geomorphological limits of the city Case study: Bojnord city
abolfazl janati sarab ebrahim moghimi mohammadreza servati

Determining the right directions for urban development has been one of the concerns of urban planners. Geomorphologists also consider one of the solutions for their involvement in urban planning to determine the direction of city development based on geomorphological fi More

Determining the right directions for urban development has been one of the concerns of urban planners. Geomorphologists also consider one of the solutions for their involvement in urban planning to determine the direction of city development based on geomorphological findings. The physical development of cities is directly related to the natural environment and geomorphological effects. The development of cities in semi-mountainous areas such as Bojnord is highly sensitive due to geomorphological limitations and the instability of the slopes. Due to its unexpectedness, these risks leave a lot of human and financial damage in most cases. Earthquakes are environmental hazards that cause a lot of casualties and damages. Therefore, it is very important to identify areas prone to earthquakes and landslides, in order to apply methods of prevention or dealing with the instability of the areas in order to reduce the risk and risk resulting from them. The purpose of this study is to locate cities with emphasis on geomorphological limitations. For this purpose, among the most important factors affecting the earthquake, the 6 factors of the amount of slope, the direction of the slope, the type of geological materials, the distance from the fault, the acceleration of the earthquake and the amount of rainfall, whose data were possible to prepare for all Bojnord cities and towns, The basis of engineering judgment were classified in the GIS environment. And then the zoning map of earthquake risk was prepared in the GIS environment. Therefore, the earth and earthquake risk map helps designers and engineers to choose the right location for the implementation of sustainable urban development plans, which will not be possible without considering the limitations and planning and management. The results of this research show that this province has the greatest threat in terms of geomorphological limitations of earthquakes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Earthquake vulnerability Zonation in Ilam city
Syed Jahangir Musavi Nasab Abbas malekhoseini Majid Shams

the current research with a descriptive-analytical approach is aimed at zoning the vulnerability of Ilam city against earthquakes.In this research, at first, the variables affecting the zoning of earthquake vulnerability were identified based on various studies, then us More

the current research with a descriptive-analytical approach is aimed at zoning the vulnerability of Ilam city against earthquakes.In this research, at first, the variables affecting the zoning of earthquake vulnerability were identified based on various studies, then using the AHP method and the opinions of 73 experts and weight experts related to each of the variables in the Export Choice environment, and finally, using the FAHP method and in the GIS environment, a map related to the zoning of Ilam city's vulnerability to earthquake risk was drawn. Based on this, at first 10 variables: slope of land, distance from fault, number of building floors, age of building, quality of building, area of parts, durability of construction materials, distance from roads, distance from medical centers and distance from green and open space were identified as influencing variables, based on the AHP method; 3 variables, the distance from the fault, the slope of the area and the distance from the roads were identified as the most important and effective variables with weights of 0.184, 0.147 and 0.121 respectively. Also, the results related to the zoning status of the vulnerability of Ilam city against earthquakes indicate that more than 600 hectares of the area of Ilam city are in a high and very high vulnerability state in the event of an earthquake. Also, 580 hectares of Ilam city are in a low and very low vulnerability state. Finally, 299 hectares of Ilam city is in a medium vulnerability state Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Zoning SPI and DI Drought Indices Using Rainfall Network Data in Northwest of Iran
Khadijeh Javan Mohammad Reza Azizzade Hoshang Bashiri Fariba Shahriar

Drought is one of the natural hazards that humans are constantly exposed. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize and analyzed. Drought indices, in fact Indicate the normal limits of droughts occurred during Time period to do possible to evaluate different spatial and t More

Drought is one of the natural hazards that humans are constantly exposed. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize and analyzed. Drought indices, in fact Indicate the normal limits of droughts occurred during Time period to do possible to evaluate different spatial and temporal scales. Daily precipitation data in a 57-year period (1951-2007) were received. Data in this database is in form of cell 0/25× 0/25 degree arc to the Middle East. To convert the database to a text file (TXT) format, it converted to useable formation MatLab software by programming in Grads software. The next step is the calculation of the indices described in MatLab software. To map the output data, the Surfer and ArcGIS software were used. In this study the data output is seasonal and annual, ultimately standard rainfall index shows the drought rate and has been compared with DI index. Comparison annual maps of deciles Index and the Standardized Precipitation Index shows that the eastern part in Northwest of Iran is Wetter than the western part according to a period of 58 years and The western and central regions of Azerbaijan have drought Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Assess the Resilience of Cities against Natural Hazards (Case Study: Babol)
Pari Shokri

Today following urbanization and rise in natural disasters, review and assess the resilience of human and natural systems in achieving sustainable development is of particular importance. The aim of this study was to measure the resiliency of Babylon is to reduce the ri More

Today following urbanization and rise in natural disasters, review and assess the resilience of human and natural systems in achieving sustainable development is of particular importance. The aim of this study was to measure the resiliency of Babylon is to reduce the risk of natural hazards. The method used in cross sectional descriptive study the library method for data collection and survey questionnaire was used. The statistical community, including experts and officials of the municipal administration and local government in the city of Babol is 26 subjects with random sampling were selected. In order to assess the resilience of urban areas studied in the range of ten principles Campaign Making cities resilient in most of the 39 variables were used. To analyze the data from tests of T unilateral and total weight, the mean scores and their relative weights are used. According to the results of research findings, local managers Evaluated Resiliency city of Babol in the ten principles of the study with average 2.52 (less than 3) completely undesirable. In this regard, the fifth principle of the weighted average of the three highest rating in the resilience of Babol. Manuscript profile

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11 - Assessment of local administrators in reducing the vulnerability of rural settlements in the earthquake (Case study: Village Gilvan- city Tarom)
Khadijeh Bouzarjomehry Ahmad Roumiani Hamida Mahmoudi Somae Sanei Sakineh Abbasi Abbasi

The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of Crisis Management local managers to reduce vulnerable before the earthquake the rural Settlements in the study area is. And seek to answer these questions, whether in terms of local management and reduce earthquak More

The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of Crisis Management local managers to reduce vulnerable before the earthquake the rural Settlements in the study area is. And seek to answer these questions, whether in terms of local management and reduce earthquake vulnerable villages in the study area, there is a significant relationship? Whether in terms of local management and reduce earthquake vulnerable villages in the study area, there is a significant relationship? Research Methodology The cross-correlation method based on field studies and applied research type. The population of the investigation, including Gilo district is the city functions Tarom With 3185 households in 1390, based on the revised formula Cochrane total of 155 questionnaires were randomly distributed between households and has been completed. To analyze the data descriptive and inferential statistics (t single sample and Pearson, Pearson's chi-square test and compromise) and to assess the level of knowledge management in terms of spatial distribution in rural areas Vaykor model is used. Findings Research findings showed that the majority of the variables, except for the third variable (the executive body of programs, information on events and vulnerabilities village of the region based on knowledge of local managers have been used in the prevention of earthquake. The results showed that among all other factors lower than average utility (3), respectively. And lower than average level of knowledge of local managers. The tests also showed that the level of favorability numbers is significant and the difference is negative. Manuscript profile

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12 - Analysis Role of Rural Management in Resilience of Villagers against Drought (Case Study: Rural Settlements in the Township of Miyandoab)
Mohammad valaei abdollah abdollahee Aynaz Eskandarzadeh Eskandarzadeh Akbar Hoseinzade Hadi Zarbi

The basis of research based on pragmatism is a mixed research method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of rural management in resilience of villagers against drought. The research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical method and nat More

The basis of research based on pragmatism is a mixed research method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of rural management in resilience of villagers against drought. The research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical method and nature and in order to collect information from library and field studies. The Spatial realm of this research is rural settlements in the Township of Miandoab. The Township has 73338 households and 260628 population in 1395 and The Statistical Society consisted of 176 managers and employees of agencies involved in rural affairs. Including, Deputy Minister of Rural Development, Governorate, Provinces, Electricity Office, Rural Wastewater, Water Resources Administration, Housing Foundation, Agricultural Jihad, etc. To sample from Qualitative methods (snowball and theoretical method) have been used for sampling. The reliability level of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's alpha for rural management indicators of 0.729 and for resiliency indicators of 0.651. The mixed method(Quantitative and qualitative) has been used to analyze the information. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between rural management and improvement of rural resilience. Also, the most important factors promoting the resilience of villagers to drought are the »Government policy and support« factor and the »diversification of rural economy« factor. Also, the performance of rural managers has increased in indicators of »infrastructure-physical, budget allocation and financial resources« and has led to this indicator to have the greatest impact in improving the resilience of villagers to drought. Manuscript profile

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13 - Evaluation of physical resilience indices in Sari using Inversion Hierarchy Weighed Process (IHWP) model
Parisa Hamidi صدیقه لطفی Amer Nikpour

In recent years, the unprecedented growth of population and the enormous damage caused by natural and human hazards to the physical and urban environment has made resilience an important topic in natural hazard studies. In the present study, evaluation of resilience of More

In recent years, the unprecedented growth of population and the enormous damage caused by natural and human hazards to the physical and urban environment has made resilience an important topic in natural hazard studies. In the present study, evaluation of resilience of Sari city with emphasis on physical dimension by using Reverse Hierarchical Analysis (IHWP) model using eleven physical indicators such as road width, access to green and open spaces, access to multipurpose spaces, distance from worn-out tissue, and so on. The statistical sample of the study was 48 experts in urban planning and crisis management in the form of Delphi questionnaire. The outputs of the questionnaire modeled in GIS software and the final physical resiliency map of Sari produced. The results show that 50% of city area has low and very low resiliency, 19% moderate and 31% high and very high; and resiliency increased from west to east, and the northwest and northeast parts of the city are less resilient. Finally, some suggestions made to improve resilience. Manuscript profile

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14 - Flood risk zoning in Fariman city using fuzzy logic
sanaz saeedi mehdi asiaei

One of the most important natural hazards is floods, which will cause a lot of damage if they occur. One of the most important ways to deal with this natural hazard is to zoning the flood potential. The present study was conducted with the aim of zoning the risk of floo More

One of the most important natural hazards is floods, which will cause a lot of damage if they occur. One of the most important ways to deal with this natural hazard is to zoning the flood potential. The present study was conducted with the aim of zoning the risk of floods in Fariman city with emphasis on urban and rural areas in 1399. This type of research is an applied type in which fuzzy logic, hierarchical analysis and GIS software are used. The eight criteria studied in this paper include slope, distance from the river, altitude, geology, land use, rainfall, drainage density and vegetation. Based on the results obtained from the combination of layers by fuzzy overlap method and the final weight obtained from the fuzzy hierarchy analysis model, in which the height variable with a weight coefficient of 0.271 is the highest and land use with a coefficient of 0.040 has the lowest impact on flooding. The study area has. Therefore, according to the flood risk classification map of Fariman city, it can be stated that very high risk areas 17.8%, high risk areas 14.2%, medium risk areas 20.4%, low risk areas 22.5% and areas with high risk Occupies very little risk with 25.1% of the city area; It should also be noted that the city of Freeman is in a very low danger zone. In terms of rural settlements, most of the settlements in this city are in the zone of moderate vulnerability. Therefore, it is suggested that the necessary attention be paid to the improvement, design and implementation of watershed and aquifer management projects and the location of new cities and towns, as well as rural development projects in the study area. Planners and decision makers should also take the necessary action to reduce the risk of proper location of infrastructure and location of city facilities. Manuscript profile

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15 - An analysis of urban settlements resilience against natural hazards with emphasis on flood (Case study: Chamestan City)
Roghayyeh Maesoumian صدرالدین متولی Gholam Reza Janbaz Ghobadi Shahriar Khaledi

AbstarctIntroductionRecently, there are dramatic changes in attitudes to flood hazard and the prevailing view has shifted from reducing vulnerability to improving and promoting resilience to hazards.GoalImproper development of Chamestan urban area due to human activitie More

AbstarctIntroductionRecently, there are dramatic changes in attitudes to flood hazard and the prevailing view has shifted from reducing vulnerability to improving and promoting resilience to hazards.GoalImproper development of Chamestan urban area due to human activities has directly changed many lands of the city in a very short period of time, through which hazards such as floods are created. Accodingly, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationships between the indices affecting the resilience of Chamestan against floods.MethodologyThis study is applied in terms of aims and descriptive-analytical in terms of method and nature. To achieve this purpose, the resilience of Chamestan against floods was analyzed and measured based on 5 dimensions of physical-infrastructural, social, institutional, economic and environmental resilience. These five dimensions, along with the defined indices and sub-indices of them based on the research literature, are designed in the form of researcher-made questionnaires to examine and analyze their situation in the city.Geographical area of researchChamestan city is the center of Chamestan district in Noor city, which is located in the foothills of northern Alborz. Chamestan is bounded on the north and west by the central part of Noor township, on the south by Baladeh district of Noor township and the foothills of the central Alborz, on the northeast by Mahmudabad township and on the east by Amol township. This city extents to Noor from the north and west, from Baladeh and the foothills of Central Alborz from the south and to Amol from the east.Results and discussionBased on the means obtained from the T-test statistical analysis, Chamestan city is located at moderate and under-resilient level in terms of physical, infrastructural, social, institutional and economic resilience. However, the environmental resilience of the city against floods is relatively poor and does not show a favorable situation.ConclusionIn order to promote the resilience of Chamestan city against floods, it is necessary that organizations and management institutions and planning in the field of crisis management and urban hazards pay attention to this important point and to promote social resilience pay special attention to education and increase local community knowledge. It should also be noted that the expansion of insurance is one of the most appropriate strategies to achieve a society with sustainable health and is basically one of the ways to provide and achieve peace, comfort and reduce stress in families. Manuscript profile

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16 - Analysis of resilience components of rural settlements against earthquake risk (Case study: Ijroud city, Zanjan province(
Hossein farahani fariba abbasi

Resilience is one of the most important factors in achieving the sustainability of rural settlements. As resilience increases, the vulnerability of settlements to hazards decreases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the resilience components of rural settlements a More

Resilience is one of the most important factors in achieving the sustainability of rural settlements. As resilience increases, the vulnerability of settlements to hazards decreases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the resilience components of rural settlements against earthquake risk. The present research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical and library and field methods have been used to collect data. The statistical population of this study is the heads of households in 20 villages and rural specialists in Ijroud city. Using Cochran's formula, the required number of samples to complete the questionnaire has been calculated in a total of 342 cases (305 rural heads of households and 37 rural specialists). Face validity was evaluated by 35 faculty members of the Department of Geography, University of Zanjan and averaged 1.7. The reliability of the variables was calculated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 76%, which indicates its acceptability. For quantitative analysis of data, statistical tests such as (one-sample t, path analysis, analysis of variance) were used. The results show that the resilience situation in the studied villages of Ijroud city against the occurrence of a possible earthquake in all components, with an average of 3.33 is unfavorable and the values tend to be vulnerable. Also, among the four components, the physical component with a total of direct and indirect effects explains 56.5% of alpha and is the most effective component in the resilience of Ijroud city. The four dimensions of resilience, in total, could explain 74.9% of the resilience of Ijroud city.Keywords: resilience, rural settlements, natural hazards, earthquake, route analysis, Ijroud city Manuscript profile

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17 - Analysis of Economic and Social Resilience of Rural Communities against Earthquake Risk (Case Study: Villages in the Central District of Ardabil Township)
kiomars khodapanah

Introduction: Occurrence of natural hazards such as Earthquakes due to the Environmental and Geographical conditions of the country has always led to serious financial losses and widespread human losses, and in order to reduce its effects, attention has been paid to the More

Introduction: Occurrence of natural hazards such as Earthquakes due to the Environmental and Geographical conditions of the country has always led to serious financial losses and widespread human losses, and in order to reduce its effects, attention has been paid to the resilience approach.Research Aim: The aim of this research is to analyze the Economic, Social and Cultural resilience of rural settlements in the central Disteict of Ardabil Township against Earthquakes.Methodology: The present study, with regard to the nature of the issue and the subject of the study, is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of the study is 36 villages with more than 20 households and most of the central part of Ardabil city. Based on Cochran's method, 365 heads were determined and distributed and completed to the number of rural households in a simple random manner. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 30 specialists and experts. The total reliability was estimated 0.9 by Cornbrash’s alpha.Studied Areas: The village has more than 20 families in the Central District of Ardabil Township.Results:The findings indicate that, the social dimension is in a better position than the economic dimension. Also, the economic resilience measure showed that the indicator "income amount to compensate for damages" with a value of 3.90 has the highest and the indicator "satisfaction with personal income" with a value of 2.24 has the lowest average. Social and cultural resilience showed that the indicators of "the degree of solidarity between people in the event of an earthquake", "the level of satisfaction with access to a doctor" with the highest 17.17 and 15.70, respectively, and the indicators of "satisfaction with "Housing insurance" and "Hope for the future in case of an earthquake" with -22.25 and -14.21, respectively, have a lower than the desired test average.Conclusion: Findings showed that the resilience of economic indicators of the studied villages against earthquakes is lower than the average level and there is a significant difference between the villages. Manuscript profile

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18 - Farmers’ Perception and Management of Natural Hazards in Production and Security of Farm Investment in Isuikwuato, Abia State, Nigeria
Emerole C. O Anyiro C. O

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19 - Multihazard Rangelands Susceptibility Mapping (Drought, Flood, and Fire) in Siah Bisheh Watershed in North of Iran
Soodeh Miarrostami Hossein Arzani Seyed Akbar Javadi Mohammad Hassan Jouri

10.57647/j.jrs.2023.1304.27

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20 - Economic solutions to compensate for flood damage from the perspective of jurisprudence
Reyhaneh sadat hosseini zahmatkesh majid vaziri

Natural hazards adversely affect human life, property and activities and lead to disaster. Types of these hazards and disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, droughts, floods and so on. Considering the practical effect of jurisprudential rules in the Iranian legal sys More

Natural hazards adversely affect human life, property and activities and lead to disaster. Types of these hazards and disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, droughts, floods and so on. Considering the practical effect of jurisprudential rules in the Iranian legal system and in the current practice of the judicial system, we can use the effectiveness of these principles and jurisprudential rules to prevent damage to natural disasters and criminalize and enactment of restrictive laws in this area, pointed out that in addition to helping the legislature, it is able to solve many problems in the courts, reduce the volume of accumulated cases and provide significant legal services to society.It is also possible to use the research results in different stages of planning, the necessary laws for the implementation of these natural hazards in the country's management organization, which plays a useful and fruitful role in reducing the damage caused by natural hazards, including floods. The present article is a descriptive-analytical description that, after describing and explaining the jurisprudential foundations of natural crisis and damages .Also the method of gathering information is based on the document method, which analyzes and examines information by referring to sources, articles, authoritative sites and books written in this field. Also, in this article, we reached the conclusion that according to our point of view which is the overall economics of flood damage prevention based on the characteristics of hypothetical developments and modeling results are usually not applied on a jurisprudential basis, estimating non-market benefits such as beauty and open space, along with recreational values and other benefits that may is to be created for the residents, one of the serious challenges is in environmental economic evaluation. Manuscript profile

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