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Open Access Article
1 - Investigation and simulation of power control plan in energy harvesting telecommunication systems
Nasrollah Bayat Azar Mahmoodzadeh FATEMEH SAFAEIIn the upcoming research, our effort is to study energy-harvesting telecommunication systems with one transmitter-one receiver for a Gaussian white noise telecommunication channel with fading. Harvested energies and channel fading are independent and identically distrib MoreIn the upcoming research, our effort is to study energy-harvesting telecommunication systems with one transmitter-one receiver for a Gaussian white noise telecommunication channel with fading. Harvested energies and channel fading are independent and identically distributed processes, and information about harvested energies and channel gain is causally provided to the transmitter. The transmitter is equipped with a rechargeable battery with limited storage capacity.Our goal is to obtain an online power control scheme that maximizes the average data transmission rate over a telecommunication interval of unlimited length. A low-complexity algorithm based on online convex optimization is proposed to guarantee the energy availability of the energy harvesting node and to maximize the long-term average data transmission rate. The proposed algorithm limits the maximum transmission power by knowing the state of charge and allocates the transmission power based on historical information. Simulations have been performed to show the effectiveness of the algorithm by considering input energy with different distributions, as well as channel coefficientswith different distributions. The proposed algorithm performs better than its peers in different energy harvesting rates. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The effect of harvest time on root function and some qualitative characteristics of commercial varieties of sugar beet in khoy
zahra HabibiTo study the effect of harvesting time on the quantity and quality of sugar beet, 3 harvest dates (October 22nd, November 6th& November 21st) and on the five varieties of sugar beet (Afshari, Zarghan, Shirin, Rasul& jolgheh) were evaluated. The study was conducted in MoreTo study the effect of harvesting time on the quantity and quality of sugar beet, 3 harvest dates (October 22nd, November 6th& November 21st) and on the five varieties of sugar beet (Afshari, Zarghan, Shirin, Rasul& jolgheh) were evaluated. The study was conducted in factorial experiment based on complete block design with three replications in Khoy Agricultural Research Center during 2009. Cultivation operations in mid-April, based on recommendations and the same for all treatments were performed. Analysis of variance showed significant differences between cultivars in terms of sugar content, white sugar content, alkality, sodium and nitrogen impurities. Variety of Rasul sugar content and white sugar content was more than other varieties. The difference between harvesting dates of the root yield, sugar content, white sugar content, white sugar yield and sugar yield was significant. November 21st harvest root yield found with 94.360 tons per hectare more than previous harvest dates. The highest sugar content, white sugar content was related to the date of November 21st and was higher than other harvest dates. The highest sugar yield and white sugar yield respectively, 12.98 and 10.34 tons per hectare belonged to November 30th harvest. That was of significant difference rather than two other dates. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - An existence results on positive solutions for a reaction-diffusion model with logistics growth and indefinite weight
S. Salehshakeri ghasem alizadeh afrouziIn this paper, using sub-supersolution argument, we prove an existence result on positive solution for an ecological model under certain conditions. It also describes the dynamics of the fish population with natural predation and constant yield harvesting. The assumptio MoreIn this paper, using sub-supersolution argument, we prove an existence result on positive solution for an ecological model under certain conditions. It also describes the dynamics of the fish population with natural predation and constant yield harvesting. The assumptions are that the ecosystem is spatially homogeneous and the herbivore density is a constant which are valid assumptions for managed grazing systems. This term saturates to c at high levels of vegetation density as the grazing population is a constant. This model tries to capture the phenomena of bistability and hysteresis and provide qualitative and quantitative information for ecosystem managements. This model has also been applied to describe the dynamics of fish populations. This model describes grazing of a fixed number of grazers on a logistically growing species. The general logistic function is characterized by a declining growth rate per capita function (Equation) Here P is the population, r > 0 is the growth rate and is positive constant[21]. But there are some ecosystems where the growth rate per capita may achieve its peak at a positive density. This is called the Allee effect This effect can be caused by shortage of mates, lack of effective pollinations predator saturation and cooperative behaviors. In this pape, we restrict ourselves to logistic models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Optimum use of water resorce Auramanat zone(Rain Reservoir)
پرویز kardovani Bakhtir KurdpoorConstrains and low water sources, most societies demand for water consumption need to increase the exploitation of water resources in 2025 to rate 110% of indicators based on national and international water management in iran, caused of optimation use of rain water. St MoreConstrains and low water sources, most societies demand for water consumption need to increase the exploitation of water resources in 2025 to rate 110% of indicators based on national and international water management in iran, caused of optimation use of rain water. Storage to be considred. In this study, the first for supply water of javanroud weather station, in experimental case of 6000 litter tank rainwater stroge, averagly from rainwater on popularization level about lo time, full and depleted annually, with successfully case of study, decided that in grater scale to purpose of pupularization water supply in industry and agriculture. And overview normal standard use of 150 m3 for one family animaly , build a reservoir 8*7*3 m2 with a capacity of 150 m3 cubic meters of pond surface is 250 m2 action. In this area over the water years with normal rainfull 600 mm every 100 square meters, 60 cubic meters of rainwater storage was used successfully. Reduced rainfull in recent years, before the rain evaporated and runoff out of reach water harvesting methods can help, especially with rain water stroge reservoirs, shoud be used and esploited. With this study with out need to fountiain. Well and river water, surrender from proximity and distance to other water resources, every demaned water needed from an area, in proximity of that area ease supplied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Management and optimization for conjunctive operation of water resources in order to reduce Hashtgerd aquifer decline
Mahsa Jamdar Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi Ali SaremiIn recent years, striking the balance between water supply and demand, reducing precipitation, climate change and, consequently, reducing surface water resources, the utilization of groundwater resources is more likely than past to be considered. Overuse and unmanaged u MoreIn recent years, striking the balance between water supply and demand, reducing precipitation, climate change and, consequently, reducing surface water resources, the utilization of groundwater resources is more likely than past to be considered. Overuse and unmanaged use of groundwater resources in most plains of the country, especially in Hashtgerd Plain, has created a critical situation so that we can see the groundwater level decrease. Preservation of existing underground water resources, in a situation where the country is in a semi-arid region, in addition to providing water demands, in the landscape, it increases the hydrogeological potential of the soil. reduction in water levels will increase energy consumption and the cost of harvesting and extracting water, reducing water quality, land subsidence, increasing soil erosion and, more importantly, the emergence of a strategic water resource loss is increasing in the future. The purpose of this research is to manage and optimize the conjunction utilization use of surface water, underground and unconventional water in order to reduce the surface water deficit of Hashtgerd aquifer based on Integrated Water Resources Management to supply existing water demands, with the least harmful effects on the quality of groundwater resources and land capacities within the range. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Simulation of the impact of pest outbreak and forest harvesting on stand mixture in the Hhyrcanian forest (Case study: Lireh Sar forests, Tonekabon)
Mehdi Vakili Zahed Shakeri saeid motahari Maryam Farahani Zachary Robbins Robert SchellerBackground and Objective: Species composition are affected by disease outbreaks, pest outbreaks, and harvesting. In the Hyrcanian forests, alder brown leaf beetle is among the most common biological disturbances, which along with timber harvesting can alter its species MoreBackground and Objective: Species composition are affected by disease outbreaks, pest outbreaks, and harvesting. In the Hyrcanian forests, alder brown leaf beetle is among the most common biological disturbances, which along with timber harvesting can alter its species composition. The present study aimed to simulate the species composition of the Hyrcanian forest at stand level under the mentioned natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Material and Methodology: Using random-systematic sampling with a circular plot within a 200*200 grid, 667 plots (1000 m2) were sampled for evaluating the current state. A LANDIS-II landscape change model was used to simulate the study area under different scenarios for 5-years’ time periods over 100 years. Findings: By accelerating the removal of pure hornbeam stands from the landscape, biological disturbance is likely to increase the mixture of tree composition by allowing Carpinus-Diospyros and Carpinus-Parrotia to replace them. Similarly, tree harvesting will also create the same situation by establishing mixed broadleaf and Alnus-Carpinus forest types. In the presence of biological disturbance and tree harvesting, diversity peaked so that the highest mixture stands were produced by scenario of alder brown leaf beetle in the presence of tree harvesting. Discussion and Conclusion: When biological disturbance occur, Caucasian alder species that host this pest can be preserved by implementing appropriate harvest management techniques and creating a more mixed forest ecosystem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - energy harvesting and management in IoT
MohammadMahdi YadegarThe collection of papers investigates various aspects of energy harvesting and power management for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The overarching objective is to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of IoT systems through innovative energy harvesting techniques MoreThe collection of papers investigates various aspects of energy harvesting and power management for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The overarching objective is to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of IoT systems through innovative energy harvesting techniques and effective power management strategies. The methodologies employed across these studies include designing energy-efficient IoT architectures, exploring different energy harvesting techniques (such as solar and photovoltaic methods), implementing Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) systems, and devising effective task scheduling algorithms for energy-harvested IoT devices. The studies also delve into power management and control mechanisms, focusing on self-powered IoT devices capable of operating in remote or harsh environments. Significant findings across the papers reveal advancements in solar energy harvesting for IoT devices, improved energy storage using supercapacitors and lithium cells, and the development of ultra-low power wireless IoT devices. One study specifically highlights a self-powered IoT device prototype, demonstrating its functionality in remote applications with extended operational capacity. The main conclusion drawn from these studies is the feasibility and effectiveness of self-sustaining IoT systems through advanced energy harvesting techniques and power management strategies. These innovations promise to significantly reduce the dependency on traditional power sources, thereby paving the way for more robust, efficient, and sustainable IoT ecosystems in various applications, including remote and challenging environments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - An overview of microalgae harvest from aquatic environments using biological methods
Hasan Bakhtiari Reza Ansari Tadi Abo Ali GolzariBackground:The main habitat of microalgae is natural or man-made aquatic environments. Microalgae are used in the process of water and wastewater treatment or biomass production that can be used in the production of biodiesel, biofertilizers, supplements and feed for po MoreBackground:The main habitat of microalgae is natural or man-made aquatic environments. Microalgae are used in the process of water and wastewater treatment or biomass production that can be used in the production of biodiesel, biofertilizers, supplements and feed for poultry and aquatic animals. Microalgae extraction methods from aqueous medium such as gravitational deposition, centrifugation, filtration and screening, flotation, electrolyte separation and flocculation have been used. Methods: In the flocculation method, different flocculants have been proposed for the deposition of microalgae (sulfate and chloride compounds of metals such as iron, aluminum and zinc, cationic compounds such as cationic starch and biopolymers such as chitosan, etc.). Disadvantages such as the high amount of flocculants required, the production of wastes that need to be re-separated, the low sedimentation efficiency and the high price of flocculants have made the search for cheap. Results:Low-consumption flocculants without the need for re-separation seriously considered by researchers. Factors such as quantity and type Biofluccolants and environmental factors such as temperature, pH, mixing rate play a role in biofluctuation efficiency. Studies show that the isolation of microalgae in the bioflucculation method in some cases increases up to 99%. Conclusion: The present review shows that sedimentary microorganisms such as bacteria, diatoms and specific microalgae can be used as bioflucculants and microalgae can be harvested and isolated for various purposes in an environmentally friendly manner. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Effects of Aromatherapy with Ginger Essential Oil on Tonic Immobility Reactions and some Blood Metabolites of Caponized and Intact Cockerels
mohammad javad skandri Farhad Samadian reza naghiha mostafa Ghaderi-ZefreheiInroduction & Objective:Aromatherapy with essential oils (EO) in rats has been reported to alter some of the serum variables and reduce anxiety. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aromatherapy with ginger EO on serum metabolites an MoreInroduction & Objective:Aromatherapy with essential oils (EO) in rats has been reported to alter some of the serum variables and reduce anxiety. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aromatherapy with ginger EO on serum metabolites and fear related responses in capons and intact cockerels. Materials and Methods:In this study, 10 caponized and 10 sham-operatedcockerelswere used. Half of the poultries in each group (capons=5 andsham-operated cockerels=5) were treated by aromatic EO in a chamber, and the rest of experimental poultries were exposed to water vapor in the same chamber. Eachbird after removal from the chamber was held by both legs and swung into an inverted position for 30 s and thereaftertonic immobility (TI)test was performed on it.Two weeks after this test, the aromatherapy process was repeated in all birds and blood plasma metabolites were measured before and after aromatherapy. Results: Aromatherapy in the caponized group resulted in a decrease in the tonic immobility duration, indicating a decrease in fearfulness induced by harvesting process.Moreover, aromatherapy significantly increased plasmalevels of glucose, protein and total urea in cockerels. Conclusion: Aromatherapy is probably by activating the sympathetic system and increase blood pressure, lead to increased levels of glucose, protein and serum urea and reduce the number of inductions required to attain the TI response. Therefore, ginger EOexposure during manual harvesting maybe advisable to reduce fearful responses in cockerels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Smart Flat Membrane Sheet Vibration-Based Energy Harvesters
Y Shahbazi -
Open Access Article
11 - Nonlinear Hybrid Bistable Vibration-Energy-Harvester Modeling Considering Magnetostrictive and Piezoelectric Behaviors
K Niazi M. J Kazem Zadeh Parsi M MohammadiThe present study investigates a novel two degrees of freedom (2DOF) modeling of hybrid-bistable vibration energy harvester (VEH) considering nonlinear magnetic interaction and elastic magnifier to improve the efficiency and expand the action bandwidth. The main part of MoreThe present study investigates a novel two degrees of freedom (2DOF) modeling of hybrid-bistable vibration energy harvester (VEH) considering nonlinear magnetic interaction and elastic magnifier to improve the efficiency and expand the action bandwidth. The main part of harvesting mechanism is a composite cantilever beam consists of three layers of magnetostrictive, piezoelectric and a metallic core with internal damping. Such a novel architecture generates more electrical power and operates at larger bandwidth than common piezoelectric or magnetostrictive energy harvesting systems. In the present work, a coupled 2DOF model is developed to investigate the vibration behavior and energy harvesting rate of the harvester. The harmonic balance method is used to obtain the frequency responses and then the Runge-Kutta method is utilized to calculate the dynamic responses. A parametric study is done to investigate the effects of the key features of the harvester such as magnets distances, base acceleration level and excitation frequency on the rate of electricity generation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - A Distributed Parameters Model for Broadband Energy Harvesting From Nonlinear Vibration of the Piezoelectric System
M.M Zamani M Abbasi F Forouhandeh -
Open Access Article
13 - Improving Power Density of Piezoelectric Vibration-Based Energy Scavengers
R Hosseini O Zargar M Hamedi -
Open Access Article
14 - Design, Fabrication and Evaluation of a Portable Harvesting Machine for Rosa Damascena
Mohammad Younesi Alamooti Omid Reza RoustapoorRosa damascena is one of the significant Rosa flower in all over the world and one of the famous plant in horticulture history. Rosa flowers will harvest from the first of Ordibehesht to the end of Khordad before rising sun and in the cool air of morning. In the current MoreRosa damascena is one of the significant Rosa flower in all over the world and one of the famous plant in horticulture history. Rosa flowers will harvest from the first of Ordibehesht to the end of Khordad before rising sun and in the cool air of morning. In the current research, a portable machine for flower harvesting designed and developed. This machine contains a cutter, suction pipe, fuel motor, frame, backpack and a cyclone separator. All components of the machine including the motor and the cyclone separator are assembled on frame and transported by workers. Flower cut exactly under the receptacle by a reciprocating cutter and sucked to the flexible pipe by the fuel motor and after that transferred to a cyclone separator. Finally, flower is collected in a canvas bag installed at the end of cyclone. Evaluation of the machine was done using completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications in the flower plain of Lizangan from Darab. The treatments were the revolution of motor shaft in three levels of 900, 1200 and 1500 rpm. The parameters including fuel consumption and harvesting period time in every treatment were measured. The control treatment was considered traditional flower harvesting by hand. Based on the evaluation results, increasing the rpm of motor was caused to increase fuel consumption and decrease the net harvesting period time. Also, harvesting time at maximum revolution of motor was decreased in comparison with hand harvesting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - تعیین مکانهای مناسب برداشت آب جهت آبیاری با استفاده از روش تحلیل شبکهای در دشت بیرجند
اصلان اگدرنژاد نیاز علی ابراهیمی پاک هادی محمدی والا زهرا قربانی محسن احمدیمنابع آب زیرزمینی نقش مهمی در فاریاب اراضی بسیاری از مناطق ایران مخصوصا شرق کشور دارند و اطلاع از تغییرات کمی و کیفی آنها در یک حوضه و یا دشت تاثیر زیادی در تصمیمگیری بهرهبرداری از آنها دارد. به همین دلیل این پژوهش به منظور پهنهبندی کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی د Moreمنابع آب زیرزمینی نقش مهمی در فاریاب اراضی بسیاری از مناطق ایران مخصوصا شرق کشور دارند و اطلاع از تغییرات کمی و کیفی آنها در یک حوضه و یا دشت تاثیر زیادی در تصمیمگیری بهرهبرداری از آنها دارد. به همین دلیل این پژوهش به منظور پهنهبندی کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت بیرجند واقع در عرض جغرافیایی ‘30 ˚ 32 تا ‘00 ˚33 شمالی و طول جغرافیایی ‘45 ˚58 تا ‘41 ˚59 انجام شد.در این پژوهش، ابتدا لایههای مورد نیاز براساس عوامل نسبت جذبی سدیم، سختی کل، درصد سدیم محلول، بیکربنات سدیم باقیمانده، شاخص نفوذپذیری، نسبت جذبی منیزیم و نسبت کلایز در محیط GIS ایجاد و توسط روش ANP وزندهی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که 65/68 درصد مساحت آبخوان در وضعیت نسبتاً بد قرار دارد. مناطق با کیفیت خوب و خیلی خوب به ترتیب با مساحتهای 25/5 و 34/5 درصد بوده و به ترتیب در قسمتهای جنوب شرقی و بخشهایی از مرکز و غرب این منطقه پراکنده میباشند. نامناسبترین منطقه برای برداشت آب آبیاری در قسمت جنوب غربی این دشت قرار داشت و مساحتی بالغ بر 77/13 را پوشش میداد. براساس این نتایج، توسعه چاههای آب آبیاری در مناطق شرقی و جنوبی پیشنهاد میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Analyzing the Issue of Removal of Brain Dead's Organs, from the Viewpoint of Jurisprudence and Law
Alireza Zare Hosein KhanifarAlireza Zare[1] Hosein Khanifar [2] Abstract: One of the most important medical issues that are reviewed and judged from the aspect of legal and jurisprudence is the issue of brain death. This category has a number of different issues. Including whether the perso MoreAlireza Zare[1] Hosein Khanifar [2] Abstract: One of the most important medical issues that are reviewed and judged from the aspect of legal and jurisprudence is the issue of brain death. This category has a number of different issues. Including whether the person with brain death is actually dead? How is the situation in the perception of this person's organ? Is it just to remove equipment from the patient, or is it just the harvesting of the organs of the stuff that causes the definitive death of the person? From the point of view of jurisprudence and law, this issue seems permissible in some cases, and in some cases is prohibited. Since non-dead brain’s organs are of no use to the individual and the harvest of these organs does not harm him, but can save another person's life with the same organs, so in terms of religion and wisdom, this perception and connection to the comment is allowed. However, under the current circumstances, the judicial decree (fatwa) dispute and the lack of clarification of the various aspects of the subject matter have not yet been enacted, and if this legal vacuum persists, it will have severe consequences that will generally be irreparable. If a comprehensive law is passed to prevent this, save the lives of those in need and save on the costs of keeping two sick people (those with brain death and those in need), in cases of abuse of law and silence. Complaints are prevented because of a lack of law. [1] - M.Sc. Student, Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran [2]- Full Professor and Member of Official Faculty of Tehran University, Qom: Farabi Campus, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qom, Iran: Corresponding Author Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Vortex-induced energy harvesting of an elliptic blade in high-Reynolds lid-driven cavity flow
Ali Akbar Hosseinjani Ghasem Akbari -
Open Access Article
18 - Evaluation of aflatoxin B1 in different parts of pistachio fruit and effects of processing stages
رزا Dargahi معصومی Masoumi محمد Moradi S.R Fani Pistachio nut as the most important agricultural export products is facing challenges trough production and conception. Toxigenic Aspergillus species are able to grow and produce dangerous mycotoxins on pistachio nut. Distribution of aflatoxin in different More Pistachio nut as the most important agricultural export products is facing challenges trough production and conception. Toxigenic Aspergillus species are able to grow and produce dangerous mycotoxins on pistachio nut. Distribution of aflatoxin in different pistachio samples collected pre- (early splitting and healthy pistachios in orchards) and post-harvest (steps in processing plants) was evaluated. Aflatoxin B1 content of samples was quantified using ELISA. Overall, high content of aflatoxin B1 in pre-harvest was observed in early splitting pistachios which were 5 times higher than healthy ones. The mean value of aflatoxin B1 content in early splitting and healthy pistachio was 10.2 and 1.8 ng/g, respectively. In processing plant, the content of aflatoxin B1 in stained, small, floater and open shell pistachios was 21, 4, 15 and 2 times higher than unstained, large, sinker and closed shell pistachios, respectively. The presence of aflatoxin B1 in samples taken from orchards and processing plants indicates pre-harvest contamination by aflatoxin-producing fungi, which may exacerbate by inadequate post-harvest conditions. Physical properties of contaminated pistachios may be used to reduce aflatoxin levels in pistachio bulks during or after processing. ELISA, as practical, sensitive and cheap method, may apply to determine the aflatoxin content of pistachios. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Qualitative study of apricot varieties of Prunus armeniaca cv Shahroudi during different harvesting stages
jasim taha Jafar Hajilou Qolamreza dehghanToday, much attention is paid to the quality of fruits, including those of nuclear origin, with regard to their after-harvest life. The purpose of this research was to evaluate some of the qualitative traits during the final stages of growth and determine the time of ha MoreToday, much attention is paid to the quality of fruits, including those of nuclear origin, with regard to their after-harvest life. The purpose of this research was to evaluate some of the qualitative traits during the final stages of growth and determine the time of harvesting apricot of Shahroodi cultivar according to the time and market of consumption. Apricot fruits were harvested in 3 different time intervals (distance between each harvest and another three days). Experiment was conducted on randomized complete block design in three treatments (different stages of harvesting) and four replications (main tree species). The measured qualitative traits included total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C, fruit firmness, pH of fruit extract, phenol, flavonoid, total antioxidant capacity, anthocyanin, antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase) , Polyphenol oxidase) and total protein. All traits were significant at 5% level and changed during harvesting. Antioxidant enzymes increased during harvesting, except polyphenol oxidase, phenols and flavonoids decreased. According to the results, it seems that the best harvest time for this apricot is the second harvest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Effects of different harvesting intensities and phenological stages on soluble carbohydrate reserve variabilities of Halocnemum strobilaceum and Halostachys caspica (Case study: Rangelands of Gomishan city, North-Western of Golestan Province)
Majid Sharifi-Rad Gholamali Heshmati Mohammad Bagher Bagherieh-NajjarThis study examines the variability in soluble carbohydrate reserves of Halocnemum strobilaceum and Halostachys caspica at various harvesting intensities (no harvesting (as control), 25%, 50%, and 75%) and different growth stages (vegetative, flowering, and seeding) in MoreThis study examines the variability in soluble carbohydrate reserves of Halocnemum strobilaceum and Halostachys caspica at various harvesting intensities (no harvesting (as control), 25%, 50%, and 75%) and different growth stages (vegetative, flowering, and seeding) in the aerial (stems) and underground (root) parts. The results showed that different harvesting intensities had significant effects on soluble carbohydrate reserves in the two species (P≤0.05). In both species no harvesting (control) had maximum soluble carbohydrate reserves and with increasing of harvesting intensity, the soluble carbohydrate reserves significantly decreased so, due to the negative effects of 50% and 75% harvesting levels on soluble carbohydrate reserves, more than 25% harvesting level must be avoided as it damages the soluble carbohydrate reserves of the species. Also the results showed that plant growth stage and plant part type had significant effects on soluble carbohydrate reserves in the two species. In terms of the total amount of soluble carbohydrate (stem+ root), there was significant difference between two species. With the growth progresses, the amount of soluble carbohydrates significantly increased in both species. Therefore, we can consider the seeding stage as the best time for grazing in the studied species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Investigation of Gibberellin and harvesting time effect on germination of four important species Amaranthus L. weeds
محمد Alazmani مهلقا GhorbanliAmaranthus species is one of the most important plant species in Golestan Province which mainly are found in arable lands with spectrum of loam to clay, good permeability with highly nutrients. Four species of A. viridis, A. albus L., A. hybridus. L. and A. retroflexus MoreAmaranthus species is one of the most important plant species in Golestan Province which mainly are found in arable lands with spectrum of loam to clay, good permeability with highly nutrients. Four species of A. viridis, A. albus L., A. hybridus. L. and A. retroflexus are grouped as seeds with wide extension in different farmlands of Gospel, Soybean, Maize, watermelon, Melon and tomato, also in gardens, margins of barriers and barren are grown. This experiment had been carried out with applying harvested seeds in summer (July) and autumn (November) from mentioned species treated with temperature of 25±1ºC and 24 hours darkness and treatment with distilled water and 1000 ppm Gibberellin. Rate germination occurred in summer seeds of A. viridis with distilled water and the most germination also in this species caused at Gibberellin treatment. The lowest germination by percentage was observed in A. viridis autumn seeds and the most was observed at A. retroflexus with Gibberellin treatment. The highest influence of Gibberellin treatment 1000 ppm in summer seeds by of A. viridis with 46.7% and autumn seeds with 68.5% increase was observed. Generally A. viridis had better response to Gibberellin treatment and time prolonged of seed harvest, but these treatments has not any positive influence on increased germination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Determination the Mechanical Stress on the Cutter Bar of the Harvesting Combine by Abaqus
Alireza Shirneshan Ali Hori Najafabadi Bahram Hosseinzadeh Samani -
Open Access Article
23 - بررسی و ارزیابی دو شیوه برداشت دستی و مکانیزه گل گاو زبان (Amoenum Echium) و تعیین مناسب ترین شیوه برداشت
عادل رنجی حمید آقا گل زاده محدثه پورعلی اشکلک محمد مهدی امیری خوریهمقدمه و هدف: گل گاو زبان گیاهی دارویی، خودرو، علفی و یک ساله می باشد که با ارزش اقتصادی چشمگیر بسیار مورد توجه بازار داخلی است، با توجه به ارزش اقتصادی بالای گل گاو زبان هرگونه مطالعه در جهت بهبود برداشت و افزایش کیفیت این محصول ضروری به نظر می رسد، در این تحقیق دو منطق Moreمقدمه و هدف: گل گاو زبان گیاهی دارویی، خودرو، علفی و یک ساله می باشد که با ارزش اقتصادی چشمگیر بسیار مورد توجه بازار داخلی است، با توجه به ارزش اقتصادی بالای گل گاو زبان هرگونه مطالعه در جهت بهبود برداشت و افزایش کیفیت این محصول ضروری به نظر می رسد، در این تحقیق دو منطقه رحیم آباد و اشکورات در استان گیلان به علت بیشترین سطح تولید به عنوان مکان های مورد بررسی انتخاب، و مطالعات مربوط به عوامل مؤثر در تعیین بهترین شیوه برداشت گل گاو زبان صورت پذیرفت. روش تحقیق: صفات و پارامترهای مورد ارزیابی شامل عوامل مکانی و اقلیمی، ارتفاع گیاه، ارتفاع گل، فاصله بین بوته ها، رنگ گل، ظرفیت مزرعه ای، دقت و سرعت در برداشت و هزینه برداشت در دو روش دستی و مکانیزه بودند؛ نتایج نشان داد که در این دو منطقه میانگین تراکم بوته، بالای هفت بوته در متر مربع بوده است. نتایج و بحث: میانگین ارتفاع گیاه و ارتفاع گل در بین کل اندازه گیری ها به ترتیب476/9میلیمتر و15/2میلیمتر است، ظرفیت مزرعه ای در برداشت دستی حدود1/0کیلوگرم گل گاو زبان در ساعت متغیر است و پیش بینی می گردد ظرفیت مزرعه ای در برداشت مکانیزه بین3/0تا 4/0کیلوگرم گل گاو زبان در ساعت باشد که میزان ظرفیت مزرعه ای متأثر از تراکم کشت، مهارت اپراتور، میزان ناهمواری های موجود در منطقه و ... است، هزینه برداشت به ازاء هر کیلو گل گاو زبان به روش دستی حدود 800 هزار ریال و پیش بینی می گردد به روش مکانیزه بین 300 تا 400 هزار ریال باشد، و لازم به ذکر است نتایج بیان می کند که دقت و سرعت در برداشت در روش مکانیزه نسبت به روش دستی بیشتر است. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده از دو منطقه مورد مطالعه می توان بیان کرد که روش مکانیزه، شیوه ای مناسب تر نسبت به شیوه برداشت دستی در برداشت گل گاو زبان است و توسعه برداشت به شیوه مکانیزه سبب افزایش سطح زیر کشت و تولید محصول می شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - خصوصیات تجزیه شکمبهای در محل سیلوهای ذرت، سورگوم و هبریدهای سورگوم-سودان گراس تحت تأثیر مرحله بلوغ
ن. کیلیکالپ اچ. هیزلی م. سومرلی ن. آوسیاین تحقیق با هدف مطالعه خصوصیات تجزیه در محل ذرت، سورگوم و هبریدهای سورگوم-سودان گراس صورت گرفت. گیاه کامل ذرت (TTM-815 و DK-711)، سورگوم (SS-506 و FS-5) و هبریدهای سورگوم × سودان گراس (P-988 و Grazer N2) تحت شرایط نیمه خشک پرورش داده شده و در مراحل مختلف بلوغ (او Moreاین تحقیق با هدف مطالعه خصوصیات تجزیه در محل ذرت، سورگوم و هبریدهای سورگوم-سودان گراس صورت گرفت. گیاه کامل ذرت (TTM-815 و DK-711)، سورگوم (SS-506 و FS-5) و هبریدهای سورگوم × سودان گراس (P-988 و Grazer N2) تحت شرایط نیمه خشک پرورش داده شده و در مراحل مختلف بلوغ (اواسط گل­دهی (MF)، خط شیری (ML) و خمیر سفت (HD)) برداشت شده و سیلو گردیدند. سه تکرار از نمونه­های سیلو در 0، 12، 24، 36، 48، 72 و 96 ساعت در سه تلیسه هلشتاین فیستوله شده، انکوباسیون گردیدند. اثر گونه بر مقادیر خصوصیات تجزیه شکمبه­ای (a، b، (a+b)، c)، تجزیه­پذیری ماده خشک موثر (EDMD) و انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME) (بر حسب مگاژول در هر کیلوگرم سیلو­های ذرت (M)، سورگوم (S) و هبریدهای سورگوم × سودان گراس (SSH)) معنی­دار بودند. تجزیه­پذیری ماده خشک مؤثر (EDMD2) ماده خشک برای انواع مختلف سیلاژ به ترتیب 65/286، 37/259، 0/265 گرم در هر کیلوگرم به دست آمد (0001/0>P). الیاف محلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADF) بهترین پیش­بینی­کننده برای تجزیه­پذیری ماده خشک مؤثر سیلوهای هبریدهای سورگوم × سودان گراس بود (05/0>P و 448/0=R). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Effects of ethephon on growth and yield of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) at different growth stages
Sommart Yoosukyingsataporn Somyot Detpiratmongkol -
Open Access Article
26 - Factor Affecting Rain-Water-Harvesting Technology Adoption and Farmers Practices against Drought and Water Shortage in Eastern Hararghe Low Land, Ethiopia
Jafer Mume Aman Kemal -
Open Access Article
27 - Developing the Plasmonic Fractal Nanoantenna for Energy Harvesting and Biosensing Application
Sepideh Ebrahimi Ferdows Zarrabi -
Open Access Article
28 - Semi-Circular Bunds Effect on Restoration of Plant Vegetation and Soil Properties in Koteh Rangeland, Sistan and Baloochestan Province, Iran
Hamideh Khosravi Mahdieh Ebrahimi Masood Rigi -
Open Access Article
29 - Soil Erosion Reduction by Implementing a Carbon Sequestration Project in East of Iran
Atefeh Gholami Amir Sadoddin Majid Ownegh Mohsen Hosseinalizadeh Alireza Yari -
Open Access Article
30 - Effects of Fertilizer Types and Harvesting Date on Performance and Nutritional Qualities of Brchiariahydridmulato II (Brachiaria ruziziensis) Grass in the Highlands of Ethiopia
Salew Baye Bimrew Asmare Shigdaf Mekuriaw -
Open Access Article
31 - LIMITED GROWTH PREY MODEL AND PREDATOR MODEL USING HARVESTING
Vijaya Rekha Rekha -
Open Access Article
32 - Effect of nitrogen rate and cutting time on grain and forage yield in dual purpose barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivation in Gorgan
علیرضا الازمنی Abbasali NouriniaIn order to evaluate the dual purpose barley cultivation, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) at Agricultural Research Station of Gorgan, Iran. Three levels of nitrogen N; N1=35, N2=70 and N3=105 kg.ha-1 as main-pl MoreIn order to evaluate the dual purpose barley cultivation, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) at Agricultural Research Station of Gorgan, Iran. Three levels of nitrogen N; N1=35, N2=70 and N3=105 kg.ha-1 as main-plots and three cutting times C; C0=no-cutting, C1=first and C2=second harvest as sub-plots were studied with four replications. When forage harvested in 31 Zadox stage, generally less grain were produced than forage harvesting in 31 Zadox stage, were considerably reduced grain yield, as using more nitrogen could not recover postponement in harvesting for forage. According to the results generally, highest amount of forage and grain yield were obtained when 105 kg.ha-1 nitrogen applied in the 31 zadox stage. It could be suggested that, harvesting in the first node stage and application of 105 kg.ha-1 nitrogen should be considered for obtaining highest yield of forage and grain of barely in Gorgan region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Evaluation of fruits cultivar and different harvest times of Damghan pistachio to early split complications and contamination to the Aspergillus flavus fungus
F Amini H Afshari M Mohammadi Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
34 - Factors Affecting the Development of Hazelnut Harvesting Mechanization in Guilan Province of Iran
Saeed Firouzi Mohammad Sadegh Allahyari Faramarz Hadizadeh Vikram Koundinya -
Open Access Article
35 - Effect of time management in rapeseed planting on yield based on expert point of view of Qazvin Agricultural Jahad Organization
Iraj Hoseini Mehdi Mirdamadi Shaghayegh Kheiri Saied Seifzade This study was done as survey type and data were collected by questionnaire. Validity of present study was checked by Chronobach’s Alpha method with 0.86 coefficient which was indicated its constancy. Statistical population wer More This study was done as survey type and data were collected by questionnaire. Validity of present study was checked by Chronobach’s Alpha method with 0.86 coefficient which was indicated its constancy. Statistical population were consist of 72 experts of agronomy department of Qazvin Agricultural Jahad Organization. SPSS software was employed to analysis collected data. Results indicated that there was not a significant relationship between time management about rapeseed yield and age, experience, employment condition, educational level of experts. There was a significant relationship between time management about rapeseed yield and training and promotion factors, economic and technical aspects, land preparation, planting and harvesting dates. T-test, also, indicated that there was a significant difference between time management and the variable of expert’s educational courses. Multiple regression analysis showed that the four variables of planting, harvesting, land preparation and breeding operation predicted 42% of rapeseed yield efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Effect of harvesting time on yield and grain shattering of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L. cv. Okapi) in Arak conditions
H. Madani G. Naderi Broujerdi H. Aghajani M. Changizi A. PazokiGrain shattering of rapeseed in very sensitive by harvesting time. It increase dramatically by late harvest and early harvest couses to decreas index and yield performance. The goals of the present study were to identify the effect of harvesting date and time in day and MoreGrain shattering of rapeseed in very sensitive by harvesting time. It increase dramatically by late harvest and early harvest couses to decreas index and yield performance. The goals of the present study were to identify the effect of harvesting date and time in day and night on rapeseed (cv. Okapi) yield, harvest index, some plant character, grain shattering rate and its percentage. The field experiment was conducted as split block design in complete randomized block with three replications in 2006-2007 at the Research Farms of Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran. The harvesting date treatments consisted of three dates (10th and 26th of June, and 11th of July) and harvesting was taken four times per day and night (6.00am and 12.00pm, 6.00pm and 11.00pm). The results indicate that the grain harvested on 26th June was the most accurate date for rapeseed harvest time in Arak farm’s condition. Harvesting on 26th of June and at 6.00pm was the best term for beginning of harvesting. In this term the grain yield was the highest level up to 3600 kg/ha and the grain shattering percentage was the lowest one, by 14.0%. Any delay in harvesting from 26th June could result in the decrease of the yield and increase of the total grain loss. Harvesting at 11th of July was the critical date for the grain yield loss for two different reasons, first for increase of the shattering from 3.5% to 6.3% before harvesting and the second for grain shattering during the harvesting process in range from 14.8% to 16.3%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Effects of Harvesting Stages and Storage Temperatures on Pigment Contents in Fresh Fig of Four Iranian Cultivars
Hamid Zare Masoumeh Marzoughi Sotoudeh -
Open Access Article
38 - Investigating the seed and oil quantitive reactions of sunflower cultivars in different dates at Sistan region
Mostafa Khammar Abas Keshtehgar Ali DanaTo study the reactions of grain quantity reactions and oil of sunflower varieties in different sowing dates at Sistan region and determining the best sowing date and variety, an experiment was conducted in the Sistani’s agricultural and natural resources research and ed MoreTo study the reactions of grain quantity reactions and oil of sunflower varieties in different sowing dates at Sistan region and determining the best sowing date and variety, an experiment was conducted in the Sistani’s agricultural and natural resources research and education center in 2015. The main factor includes four sowing dates: 21 January, 4 February, 19 February and 6 March and subplot factor includes four sunflower cultivars: Mohali Isfahan, Azargol, Ghasem and Farokh. The results showed that the number of days to physiological examination, number of seeds per head, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, oil percentage and oil yield had significant differences in different planting dates. Sowing delay reduced grain yield. The highest grain yield (366.38 kg ha-1) was belonged to sowing date of February 10 and the lowest grain yield was from March 25, with a weight of 2449.21 kg / ha. The effect of cultivar on all traits was significant. Farrokh Hybrid had the highest grain yield (3235.9 kg / ha) and the lowest grain yield in Isfahan with the lowest yield of 2627.4 kg / ha. The interaction between sowing date and cultivar was significant on number of days to physiological examination, number of seeds per head and oil percent and grain yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Investigating the seed and oil quantitive reactions of sunflower cultivars in different dates at Sistan region
Mostafa Khammar hamidreza MobasserTo study the reactions of grain quantity reactions and oil of sunflower varieties in different sowing dates at Sistan region and determining the best sowing date and variety, an experiment was conducted in the Sistani’s agricultural and natural resources research MoreTo study the reactions of grain quantity reactions and oil of sunflower varieties in different sowing dates at Sistan region and determining the best sowing date and variety, an experiment was conducted in the Sistani’s agricultural and natural resources research and education center as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015.The main factor includes four sowing dates: 21 January, 4 February, 19 February and 6 March and subplot factor includes four sunflower cultivars: Mohali Isfahan, Azargol, Ghasem and Farokh. The results showed that the number of days to physiological examination, number of seeds per head, 1000seed weight, grain yield, oil percentage and oil yield had significant differences in different planting dates.Sowing delay reduced grain yield. The highest grain yield (366.38 kg ha-1) was belonged to sowing date of February 10 and the lowest grain yield was from March 25, with a weight of 2449.21 kg.ha. The effect of cultivar on all traits was significant. Farokh Hybrid had the highest grain yield (3235.9 kg.ha) and the lowest grain yield in Isfahan with the lowest yield of 2627.4 kg / ha. The interaction between sowing date and cultivar was significant on number of days to physiological examination, number of seeds per head and oil percent and grain yield. The results showed that 1000 seed weight, number of heads and number of seeds per head had the most effective role in yield of sunflower oil in grain yield and grain yield and oil percentage plays the most role in the performance of sunflower oil. In general, FarrokhHybrid and sowing date of February 10 are recommended for Sistan region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - The effect of sowing date and harvesting time on quantitative traits and yield of silage maize under Varamin environmental conditions
majid abdoli Usually sowing date and harvest time of summer crops such as maize have a significantimpact on the quantitative and qualitative yield of the crop. Therefore, the aim of thisstudy was to investigate the effect of sowing date and harvest time on quantitative traitsa More Usually sowing date and harvest time of summer crops such as maize have a significantimpact on the quantitative and qualitative yield of the crop. Therefore, the aim of thisstudy was to investigate the effect of sowing date and harvest time on quantitative traitsand yield of silage maize (single cross 701; cv. Karun), this experiment was done as a splitplot based on completely randomized blocks design with three replications in Varamin atyear of 2015. Treatments included five sowing dates as main factor (9th of April, 21th ofMay, 18th of June, 30th of June and 15th of July) and two harvesting times as sub-factor(grain milky stage and grain dough stage). The results showed that the effect of sowingdate had significant effect at 1% level on the stem fresh weight, maize fresh weight, totalfresh weight, stem fresh weight to total fresh weight ratio, maize fresh weight to total freshweight ratio and fresh forage yield and significant effect at 5% level on the leaf freshweight to total fresh weight ratio. Based on the findings sowing date of 30th of June hasmore fresh weight of leaf, stem and ear and more fresh forage than other sowing dates.Harvesting time in milking stage has better quality and harvesting at dough stage hashigher quantity of product. Correlation between studied traits showed positive and higheffect of stem fresh weight with forage yield. In general, it can be stated that summersowing dates, especially 30th of June and harvest time at the dough stage are the mostfavorable times for silage corn cultivation in the Varamin region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Study of combination of nitrogen chemical and biological fertilizers and harvesting time on yield quantity and quality of dual purpose barley
Zahra mardasi MANI MOJADDAMThis experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The experiment included Nitrogen fertilizer as the main factor : 1- pure Nitrogen 100%. 2- Nitrogen 75% + Nitroxin. 3- Nitrogen 50% + Nitroxin. 4- Nitro MoreThis experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The experiment included Nitrogen fertilizer as the main factor : 1- pure Nitrogen 100%. 2- Nitrogen 75% + Nitroxin. 3- Nitrogen 50% + Nitroxin. 4- Nitrogen 25% + Nitroxin. And sub factor include 3 levels of harvesting forage : 1- Without forage harvest. 2- Harvest in the end of tillering stage 30 Zadks. 3- Harvest in mid-stem elongation 33-32 Zadks. Results showed that effect of Nitrogen fertilizer on protein forage yield and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on thousand grain weight, number of grains in spike, forage protein percent, and forage yield was significant at %5 level of probability. in Effect of harvesting time forage driest forage yield, protein forage, grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and And grain number of spikes, grain weight, and forage protein percent was significant at %5 level of probability. Maximum grain yield in Nitrogen fertilizer 75% + Nitroxin and without forage harvest with 5197 kg/ha. Minimum grain yield in Nitrogen 25% + Nitroxin and Harvest in mid-stem elongation with 1920 kg/ha. The highest dry forage yield in Stage Harvest in mid-stem elongation with 2386 kg/ha. Highest protein percentage with 21.7% was attained in harvest time of late tillering. Due to the results effect of Nitrogen fertilizer 75% + Nitroxin can be the best grain yield and forage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Study of combination of nitrogen chemical and biological fertilizers and harvesting time on yield quantity and quality of dual purpose barley
Zahra Merdasi Mani Mojaddam2This experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The experiment included Nitrogen fertilizer as the main factor : 1- pure Nitrogen 100%. 2- Nitrogen 75% + Nitroxin. 3- Nitrogen 50% + Nitroxin. 4- Nitro MoreThis experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The experiment included Nitrogen fertilizer as the main factor : 1- pure Nitrogen 100%. 2- Nitrogen 75% + Nitroxin. 3- Nitrogen 50% + Nitroxin. 4- Nitrogen 25% + Nitroxin. And sub factor include 3 levels of harvesting forage : 1- Without forage harvest. 2- Harvest in the end of tillering stage 30 Zadks. 3- Harvest in mid-stem elongation 33-32 Zadks. Results showed that effect of Nitrogen fertilizer on protein forage yield and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on thousand grain weight, number of grains in spike, forage protein percent, and forage yield was significant at %5 level of probability. in Effect of harvesting time forage driest forage yield, protein forage, grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and And grain number of spikes, grain weight, and forage protein percent was significant at %5 level of probability. Maximum grain yield in Nitrogen fertilizer 75% + Nitroxin and without forage harvest with 5197 kg/ha. Minimum grain yield in Nitrogen 25% + Nitroxin and Harvest in mid-stem elongation with 1920 kg/ha. The highest dry forage yield in Stage Harvest in mid-stem elongation with 2386 kg/ha. Highest protein percentage with 21.7% was attained in harvest time of late tillering. Due to the results effect of Nitrogen fertilizer 75% + Nitroxin can be the best grain yield and forage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Evaluation of yield and yield components of mung bean under the influence spraying humic acid fertilizer iron and salicylic acid
Abbas Khalili Tayeb Sakinejad Teymur Babaei NejadThis experiment was conducted based on factorial layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The first factor was humic acid fertilizer in three levels (0, 50 and 100 mg/L) and the second factor was salicylic acid at 3 levels (0, 2 and 4 mM). The MoreThis experiment was conducted based on factorial layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The first factor was humic acid fertilizer in three levels (0, 50 and 100 mg/L) and the second factor was salicylic acid at 3 levels (0, 2 and 4 mM). The results showed difference between the levels of Humic iron fertilizer in terms of number of seeds per pod 1000 seed weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index at 1% level of probability. The difference between salicylic acid levels was significant in all traits measured at 1% level. In interaction, number of pods per plant and grain yield were significant at 5% probability level, but no significant difference was observed in the remaining traits. The highest grain yield in the interactions of humic acid and salicylic acid was observed in treatment of 100 mg/l humic acid and 4 mM salicylic acid with 2793 kg/ha and the lowest in control treatment with 1033 kg/ha. The highest number of pods per plant was related to treatment with 100 mg / l humic acid and 4 mM salicylic acid with 25 pods per plant and the lowest in control treatment with 15 pods per plant. According to these results, application of concentration of 100 mg/l of humic acid and 4 mM salicylic acid in comparison to other treatments improves the growth analysis and increases the yield and components and is recommended in the region as well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Harvesting Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae by electrocoagulation method using iron, aluminum and graphite electrodes
Meigol TakluMicroalgae harvesting is a two-step process that included the separation of supernatant liquid phase from biomass or solid phase that starts after mass production. The purpose of this research is to collect Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae by electrocoagulation method MoreMicroalgae harvesting is a two-step process that included the separation of supernatant liquid phase from biomass or solid phase that starts after mass production. The purpose of this research is to collect Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae by electrocoagulation method with different electrodes (iron, aluminum and graphite), and their effect on harvesting efficiency, the number of microalgae cells after harvesting and the coagulation rate of microalgae, which was evaluated during 20 minutes. The highest harvesting efficiency was measured in the control and aluminum electrode treatments (P<0.05). The results of this study showed that the electrochemical harvesting of microalgae N. oculata by metallic (iron and aluminum) and non-metallic (graphite) electrodes caused significant changes in the number of cells after harvesting, the amount of ash and the concentration of algae. Aluminum electrode treatment showed the highest algae harvesting efficiency (96.47±0.48%) and the lowest harvesting efficiency was observed in graphite electrode (74.92±1.33%) (P<0.05). Also, the coagulation rate of microalgae Nansoclepis oculata was faster in aluminum treatment (P<0.05). According to the results obtained in this research, electrocoagulation with aluminum electrode is an effective method for coagulation and harvesting of N. oculata microalgae cells. Therefore, it can be used as a suitable method and a profitable alternative in the recovery of biomass and the production of concentrated N. oculata microalgae for various industries such as biodiesel. Manuscript profile
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