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Open Access Article
1 - The Effectiveness of Child-centered Play Therapy on the Moral Intelligence and Bullying of Elementary Students
Hamid Reza Vatan Khah Amirhoushang Yamkangaz Mona Yamkangaz -
Open Access Article
2 - Provide a Model for Organizational Bullying Preventing to Develop Green Functions
Mohammadmehdi Khodaverdi Mohammadbagher Gorji Majid Nasiri Abdolghani RastgarBackground and Objective: Environmental changes in the last decade have led to a change in the nature of organizations and their functions. Therefore, due to their social responsibility to society and stakeholders, organizations try to develop the organization in the en MoreBackground and Objective: Environmental changes in the last decade have led to a change in the nature of organizations and their functions. Therefore, due to their social responsibility to society and stakeholders, organizations try to develop the organization in the environment by changing theories such as organizational behavior. The purpose of this is provide a model for preventing bullying in the organization to develop green functions. Material and Methodology: This research is developmental in terms of methodology based on the result and is hybrid in terms of data type. In the qualitative part of the research, through meta-combined and Delphi analyzes, an attempt was made to first examine the components of bullying prevention of the organization for the development of green functions and then to determine their theoretical adequacy based on Delphi analysis. In the quantitative part of the research, an attempt was made to prioritize the approved components of the qualitative part during the process of analyzing the comprehensive interpretive structural model in order to determine the most effective ones. The target population in this study in the qualitative part included 15 management specialists at the university level and in the quantitative part were 30 human resources managers of the Martyr and Veterans Affairs Foundation of the three provinces of Semnan, Karaj and Tehran. Findings: The results showed that the component of prevention of discrimination and conflict with the aim of the effectiveness of green functions becomes the most effective factor in preventing bullying of the organization for the development of green functions. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that conflict control gives employees more motivation to develop behaviors in line with green functions and causes them to accept roles beyond the assigned roles in the field of organization with the peace of mind created in the organizational environment. Based on that, to help make the organization more sustainable in the green field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The relationship between organizational bullying and organizational silence with organizational pessimism in the employees of the General Department of Sports and Youth of Fars
omid safari gholamreza safariThe purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between organizational bullying and organizational silence with organizational pessimism among the employees of the General Department of Sports and Youth of Fars. This research is applied and descriptive an MoreThe purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between organizational bullying and organizational silence with organizational pessimism among the employees of the General Department of Sports and Youth of Fars. This research is applied and descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research was all the employees of the General Directorate of Sports and Youth of Fars in the number of 114 people, of which 94 people cooperated with the researcher as a sample and using the total number sampling method. To collect data, the standard questionnaires of Inarsen et al.'s (2009) organizational bullying, Dimitris and Kola's (2008) organizational silence, and Din et al.'s (1998) organizational cynicism were used. Descriptive statistics methods were used to describe the data, and Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression statistical methods were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between organizational bullying and organizational silence with organizational cynicism, and also organizational bullying and organizational silence have the ability to significantly predict subjects' organizational cynicism. (P ≤ 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - investigating of practicality, Reliability and Validity of direct and Indirect Prisoner Behaviors Checklist-Scaled version (DIPC-SCALED-r Ireland 2007) in crime central prison in Hamadan city
vahideh hajehfrosh rasol kordnoghabi hasan pasha sharifi mohamad poorsinaThe aim of this study was investigating of practicality, Reliability and Validity of direct and Indirect Prisoner Behaviors Checklist-Scaled version (DIPC-SCALED-r Ireland 2007) in non-political crime central prison in Hamadan city. A sample of 500 prisoners’ randomly w MoreThe aim of this study was investigating of practicality, Reliability and Validity of direct and Indirect Prisoner Behaviors Checklist-Scaled version (DIPC-SCALED-r Ireland 2007) in non-political crime central prison in Hamadan city. A sample of 500 prisoners’ randomly was selected. Checklist included two forms of 49 questions to measure the victimization and the 58 questions to measure bullying. To obtain validity of questionnaire used two methods: test-retest and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha). The correlation coefficient for the victimization form was r =0.47 and for bullying form was r =0.43 which were significant in P < 0.001. Cronbach alpha coefficient computed for the victimization form 0. 92 and for the bullying form 0. 90. After removing 12 items of the first form and to items from second form which had weak correlation, validity coefficients became more significant: 0.90 and 0. 89. To check the validity of log structures and what factors that is saturated, the factor analysis method was used. KMO and Bartlett's sizes in two form of questionnaire indicated conditions for factor analysis was run .After exclusion of inappropriate questions by using principal component analysis and rotation matrix Promax and according to scree plot and percentage variances of the series form factor and 5 being the victim of bullying form the five factors were extracted. In the present study to check the validity of questionnaire used the criteria validity method. The results showed the coefficient for the form of victimization was r=0.45 and for the form of bullying was r=o.53. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Investigating the Mediating Role of Moral Motivation and Moral Emotions in the Effect of Moral Disengagement on Bullying (Tehran Elementary School Students)
masoume torkashvand Gholamreza Sarrami haadi keramati robabe nooriIn this study, the mediating role of moral emotion and moral motivation in the effect of moral disengagement on bullying has been investigated. For this purpose, 486 students, including 254 male and 232 female students were selected through simple clustering and random MoreIn this study, the mediating role of moral emotion and moral motivation in the effect of moral disengagement on bullying has been investigated. For this purpose, 486 students, including 254 male and 232 female students were selected through simple clustering and random sampling from among all the elementary and high school students in Tehran. Participants responded to four questionnaires included; Bullying (Thornberg & Jangert, 2014), Moral disengagement (Thornberg & Jangert, 2014), Moral emotions (Thornberg et al, 2016), and a researcher-made questionnaire, Moral motivation. This study was conducted using a path analysis method with the help of spss22 and PLS-SEM software. hypotheses have been confirmed (P≤0/05), and it has been shown that moral motivation and moral Emotion both have a mediating role in the relationship between moral Disengagement and bullying. Therefore, it can be concluded that according to the concept of the moral agency from Bandura's social cognitive theory, emotional factors should be considered in addition to cognitive factors and moral reasoning in order to examine the moral behavior of individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Relationship between Organizational Bullying and Organizational Silence with the Mediating Role of Violations of the Psychological Contract
reza sepahvand mohsen arefnezhad Fariborz Fathi Chgni masood sepahvandThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational bullying and employees' organizational silence with the mediating role of psychological contract violation in governmental organizations in Lorestan province. The study was practical in MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational bullying and employees' organizational silence with the mediating role of psychological contract violation in governmental organizations in Lorestan province. The study was practical in terms of purpose, relational in terms of research type, and structural formula in terms of modeling type. The statistical population of the study was 1317 employees of general offices of Lorestan province organizations based in the city of Khorramabad. Based on Morgan table, a sample size of 297 was selected by stratified random sampling. In order to measure the variables of the research, (Einarsen, Hoel & Notelaers',2009) Organizational Bullying Questionnaire, (Morrison and Robinson’s,2000) Psychological Contract Violation Questionnaire and (Brinsfield’s,2013) Organizational Silence Questionnaire were used. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. For data analysis, structural equations modeling and PLS software have been used. The results indicate that organizational bullying both directly or through psychological contract violation increases the organizational silence of employees in governmental organizations of Lorestan province (P<0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Investigation of the effect of school cohesion on bullying with the mediation of parenting styles in secondary high school male students
Ezzatollah ghaampour Masood Sadeghi samira ghare veysi Majid SoleimaniThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of school cohesion on bullying with the mediation of parenting styles. The research method is descriptive and of correlational type. All secondary high school male students in Sanandaj at the number of 7618, who st MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of school cohesion on bullying with the mediation of parenting styles. The research method is descriptive and of correlational type. All secondary high school male students in Sanandaj at the number of 7618, who studied in the first semester of the 2018-2019 academic years formed a statistical population of the study, among which 366 students accidentally entered the sample in several stages. The research tools included Espelage & Holt's bullying scale (2001), school cohesion scale of Springer et al. (2009) and Bumrind’s parenting styles questionnaire (1972). The statistical method used was multiple regression analysis and path analysis. According to the findings, the direct effect of school cohesion on victimization, bullying, powerful parenting style and authoritarian parenting style (P <0.01) was significant. The indirect effect of school cohesion on victimization mediated by authoritarian parenting style was significant (P <0.05). The indirect effect of school cohesion on bullying mediated by powerful and authoritarian parenting styles was significant (P <0.05). The results show the importance of school and parenting styles in controlling passive and active behaviors in bullying. Therefore, bullying can be reduced by teaching parents how to use the right parenting style and teaching teachers how to increase their interest and attract students to school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The effect of Olweus bullying prevention program on reducing aggression and impulsive behaviors of bullying
mohsen shakerinasab mohammad mohammadipourThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of bullying prevention training based on Olweus method on reducing aggression and impulsive behaviors of bullying students. In this study, a quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test design with control group MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of bullying prevention training based on Olweus method on reducing aggression and impulsive behaviors of bullying students. In this study, a quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test design with control group was used and its statistical population consisted of ninth grade junior high school students in Bojnourd in the academic year of 2019-2020 in the number of 700 who after completing the Illinois Bullying Questionnaire A survey of school teachers and counselors identified Bullying students were identified, and 30 of them were randomly selected as the sample group and placed in two groups of 15 experimental and control. For both groups, the pretest, including the Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (1992) and the Bart Impulsivity Questionnaire (1995), were performed. The experimental group underwent a 90-minute bullying prevention program and the control group did not receive any intervention. Post-test was completed for both groups and the results were analyzed by analysis of covariance. The results showed that bullying prevention training has a significant effect on reducing aggression and impulsive behaviors of bullying students(P <0.05). The results of this study show that this program can be used to reduce aggression and impulsivity of bullying children in schools. Accordingly, it is suggested that school counselors use this educational method to reduce students' negative behaviors Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Effectiveness of mindfulness training on academic burnout and boredom of students with bullying behavior in the second secondary school
Shahrooz Nemati Rahim Badri Gargari Sepideh KazemiThe aim of this research was to study the effects of mindfulness training on academic boredom and burnout of students with bullying behavior. The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The study population included all male and f MoreThe aim of this research was to study the effects of mindfulness training on academic boredom and burnout of students with bullying behavior. The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The study population included all male and female students with bullying behavior in the second secondary level of Bostan Abad city, in the academic year of 2021, and 30 of them were selected by using the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The Bullying questionnaire of Olweus (1989), Barco’s Academic Burnout questionnaire (1997), and Pekrun’s Academic Boredom questionnaire (2002) were used to collect the data. The mindfulness intervention program was held in eight 45-minute sessions for the experimental group. Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that the impact of a mindfulness training program on Academic Burnout was 85% and on Academic Boredom of students with bullying disorder was 78% (p<0.05). Results of a result, mindfulness training can be used to improve the boredom and academic burnout of bullied students. According to the consultants, can use the results of this research to improve the professional skills of teachers and schools to deal with students' academic problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Scholarship of Teaching, missing Function of higher education in Iran; Reflection of Bullying
Zahra rashidiThis study aims identify the existing problems of teaching scholarship faculty members. In this way, various aspects of these issues were tried and presented with respect to the context of the institution of university in Iran. The present study was conducted within the MoreThis study aims identify the existing problems of teaching scholarship faculty members. In this way, various aspects of these issues were tried and presented with respect to the context of the institution of university in Iran. The present study was conducted within the framework of the qualitative approach and using grounded Theory research method. For data collection from participants, in-depth and informal interviews were used. Selection of information media of the research was done purposefully and using sampling strategies with maximum variation and theoretical sampling the research media included 19 faculty members of comprehensive universities in Tehran. Data analysis was performed in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. According to the findings, the phenomenon of bullying in faculty members' relations in Iran's higher education has verbal and social dimensions (Phenomena). This phenomenon has arisen due to organizational and individual circumstances (Causal Conditions) and resulted in reactions such as avoidance, conflict (Strategy). These reactions have been affected by the responses of the authorities, the persistence and common beliefs (intervening conditions), structure and academic culture (context), resulting in occupational, personal, social and economic vulnerability(Consequences). The function of education in this context is defined in three levels of good teaching (based on individual experience), scholarly teaching (based on the integration of content knowledge and pedagogy), and the scholarship of teaching (Teacher Education Publishing). From the faculty point of view, according to the phenomenon of bullying, teaching processes based on personal experience are organized, teacher empowerment and dissemination programs are not foreseen. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Bullying in high school male students: The role of perception of interaction, support and social acceptance
Hamid Reza samadifard Mohammad NarimaniThe present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between perception of social interaction, perceived social support and social acceptance with bullying among male students. Study method was descriptive and correlational. The study population included all MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between perception of social interaction, perceived social support and social acceptance with bullying among male students. Study method was descriptive and correlational. The study population included all high school male students in Ardabil city during 2015-16, which 128 of them were selected using multistage cluster sampling method. For data collection, the Glass's perception of social interaction scale (1994), Zimet's perceived social support scale (1988), Crowne & Marlowe social acceptance scale (1996) and bullying scale (2001) was used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results showed that is a significant relationship between perception of social interaction, perceived social support and social acceptance with bullying among students. The results of multiple regression showed that perception of interaction, support and social acceptance predict 0.47 of the bullying variance in student (p<0.05). Thus, we can conclude that perception of interaction, support and social acceptance the variables associated with students bullying and the ability to predict it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The comparison of effectiveness of empathy training and social perspective-taking training on social cognition of adolescents with cyber bullying
Aghdas Safari Naser Amini Mehdi Behroozi Gholam Reza JafariniaThe purpose of this study was to comparison of effectiveness of empathy training and social perspective-taking training on social cognition of adolescents with cyber bullying. This experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and fo MoreThe purpose of this study was to comparison of effectiveness of empathy training and social perspective-taking training on social cognition of adolescents with cyber bullying. This experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and follow-up one month. The statistical population of this study included all the female students high school in Bushehr city in year academic 2018-2019 and 45 student were considered as the sample size in two experimental groups (each group of 15 student) and control (15 student). The experimental groups underwent empathy training (10 sessions 90 minutes) and social perspective-taking training (10 sessions 90 minutes), but the control group received no training and remained in the waiting list. To collect data cyber bullying questionnaire of Antoniadou, Kokkinos and Markos (2016) and social cognition questionnaire of Nejati, Kamari and Jafari (2018). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni). The results of the study showed that both types of treatment in post-test and follow up had a significant effect on social cognition of adolescents with cyber bullying (p < 0.05). Also, social perspective-taking training had stronger effects than empathy training in improvement of social cognition (p < 0.05). Based on the results of this study, it can be said that social perspective-taking training and empathy training can be used as a treatment to improvement of social cognition in educational and therapeutic settings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Survey the role of social Undermining in the relationship between bullying and organizational silence in education
Yousef Khademi Sadraddin Sattari Yousef NamvarThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between bullying and organizational silence with the mediating role of social Undermining. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of the type MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between bullying and organizational silence with the mediating role of social Undermining. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of the type of data. The statistical population was the employees and managers of the urban schools of education and training in Ardabil province, which are 1850 people, and 318 people were selected as a sample to select the sample size, which was done with the cluster sampling method and using the Sample power software. In order to collect data, the questionnaires of social Undermining Hamzeh (2018), Anjum et al. bullying (2019) and Knoll et al. The reliability of the questionnaires with Cronbach's alpha was 0.94, 0.95 and 0.88, respectively.The information collected through the questionnaire was analyzed using spss26 and Amos26 software. The relationship between the constructs of the research model was tested by structural equation modeling. The results showed bullying has a positive and significant relationship with organizational silence. Also, social Undermining also affects organizational silence and had a mediating role in the relationship between bullying and organizational silence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - comparison of parenting style of usual and bulling children among elementary school of TEHRAN fifth region
Farkhondeh Mofidi Kamran Mamghaderi Masoud Najari Ali KhezernezhadThe purpose of this study was to compare the parenting styles of bullying children with the parents of normal children by causal-comparative method. The statistical population of this study was all sixth grade boys in district 5 of Tehran and their parents were 3796 peo MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the parenting styles of bullying children with the parents of normal children by causal-comparative method. The statistical population of this study was all sixth grade boys in district 5 of Tehran and their parents were 3796 people. According to Krejcie and Morgan table, the sample size was estimated to be 350. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster randomized questionnaire using Olweus Bully/Victim questionnaire (1996) and Baumrind parenting style questionnaire (1972), 300 questionnaires (due to some incomplete questionnaires and lack of accountability To them) were collected perfectly. The reliability of the questionnaires was 83% and 76%, respectively, through the Cronbach's alpha method. Independent t-test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a statistically significant difference between parenting style of bullying and normal children and the dominant role of permissive parenting style in the parents of bullying children, and authoritative parenting style in the parents of normal children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Investigating the effect of bullying in the workplace on deviant behaviors in the workplace through Toxic leadership and destructive leadership (Case study: Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan))
Abbas Gheadamini Harouni Reza Ebrahimzadeh Dastjerdi Ali Reza EbrahimpourThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bullying in the workplace on deviant behaviors in the workplace through destructive leadership and Toxic leadership. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of how to collect descriptive inform MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bullying in the workplace on deviant behaviors in the workplace through destructive leadership and Toxic leadership. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of how to collect descriptive information of the correlation type. The statistical population of the present study consisted of 660 employees Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan). 244 people were selected through the Cochran's sampling calculation formula as a sample. In the work environment, Inerson et al. (2009) and the standard questionnaire of deviant behaviors in the workplace of Bennett and Robinson (2000) and the standard questionnaire of destructive leadership of Golparvar (2014) and the standard questionnaire of Toxic leadership of Schmidt (2008) were based on the validity of the questionnaires. Content validity using the opinion of experts, formally based on The views of a number of statistical population were examined and confirmed. ) Estimated . Data analysis was performed at the inferential level including structural equation modeling. The results showed that bullying in the workplace through destructive leadership has a positive and significant effect on deviant behaviors in the workplace, the coefficient of which is 0.44, and through Toxic leadership has a positive and significant effect on deviant behaviors in the workplace. This effect is 0.55 and also bullying in the workplace has a positive and significant effect on deviant behaviors in the workplace, the coefficient of which is 0.77. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The effect of perception of organizational bullying on the Intention to Leave Work through leadership behavior and organizational commitment (Case study: Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch)
Homera Abdi Abdolreza Sobhani Seyed Morteza Mousavian Hojatullah AbbasiThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of perception of organizational bullying on the Intention to Leave Work through leadership behavior and organizational commitment. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of how to collect desc MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of perception of organizational bullying on the Intention to Leave Work through leadership behavior and organizational commitment. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of how to collect descriptive correlational information. The statistical population of the present study is all employees of Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, 1000 people, who were selected through the Cochran sampling calculation formula, 287 people as a sample through stratified sampling method appropriate to the volume. Inersen et al. (2009) and the standard questionnaire of Intention to Leave Work Kim et al. (2007) and the standard Meyer and Allen Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (1990) and the standard questionnaire of Goba et al.'s leadership behavior (2013) based on the validity of the questionnaires. Content validity was examined using experts' opinions, formally based on the views of a number of statistical and structural populations by factor analysis method and after the necessary terms validity was confirmed and on the other hand the validity of the questionnaires by Cronbach's alpha method respectively. (0.88), (0.89), (0.92) and (0.91) were estimated. Data analysis was performed at the inferential level, including structural equation modeling. The results showed that the perception of organizational bullying through organizational commitment has a negative and significant effect on the tendency to leave the service, the coefficient of this effect is 0.35 and the perception of organizational bullying through leadership behavior on the tendency to leave the service has a negative and significant effect. The coefficient of this effect is 0.25 and also the perception of organizational bullying has a positive and significant effect on the tendency to leave the service that the coefficient of this effect is 0.67. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The effect of destructive leadership on deviant behaviors in the workplace and the tendency to leave the service through the mediating variables of organizational bullying and organizational silence
Abbas Ghaedamini Harouni Mehrdad Sadeghi de cheshmeh Samaneh keldani Ghulam Reza Maleki FarsaniThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of destructive leadership on deviant behaviors in the workplace and the tendency to leave the service through the mediating variables of organizational bullying and organizational silence in Islamic Azad University, Is MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of destructive leadership on deviant behaviors in the workplace and the tendency to leave the service through the mediating variables of organizational bullying and organizational silence in Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan). The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of how to collect descriptive correlational information. The statistical population of the present study was 660 employees of the Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan). The research tools were the standard questionnaire of organizational bullying of Inerson et al. (2009) and the standard questionnaire of deviant behaviors in the workplace of Bennett and Robinson (2000) and the standard questionnaire of organizational silence of Wakula and Brados (2005). The standard questionnaire of destructive leadership was Golparvar (2014) and the tendency to leave the service of Kim et al. (2007). Factors were examined and validity was confirmed after the necessary terms. On the other hand, the reliability of the questionnaires by Cronbach's alpha method were (0.86), (0.93), (0.84), (0.94), respectively. ) And (0.92) were estimated. Data analysis was performed at the inferential level, including structural equation modeling. The results showed that destructive leadership had a significant impact factor of 0.77 on organizational bullying and organizational bullying on deviant behaviors in the workplace with an impact factor of 0.88 and an impact factor of 0.66 on the tendency to leave the service significantly and also destructive leadership on silence. Organizational with a significant impact factor of 0.55, and organizational silence on deviant behaviors in the workplace with an impact factor of 0.66 and on the tendency to leave the service is also significant with an impact factor of 0.66. The results show the mediating effect of organizational bullying and organizational silence. That the coefficients of influence are significant in all cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Prevalence of Bullying and Its Relation with Social-Emotional Skills, Problem Solving Skills and Depression in First High School Students
Yousef Asmari Bardezard Behrouz Dolatshahi Ehsane TaheriThe purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of bullying victimization bullying and its correlation with social-emotional skills, problem-solving skills, and depression in middle school students. This is a correlational and descriptive study. The study po MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of bullying victimization bullying and its correlation with social-emotional skills, problem-solving skills, and depression in middle school students. This is a correlational and descriptive study. The study population consists of all students of the first-grade middle school of city of Bukan. The sample has been chosen by cluster sampling method of 525 people. The data were collected by using illinois bullying questionnaire, Heppner problem-solving skills, child and young depression (CADS), and social-emotional skills (SEL). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression by spss24. The results showed that bullying behaviors with total score of problem solving (p=0.001, r =-0.25) and self-confidence (p=0.000, r=-0.21), self-control (p=0.002 r=-0.25) tendency to problem solving (p=0.000, r=-0.27) and total score social-emotional skills (p=0.02, r=-0.13) and the components of self-organizing (p=0.009, r=-0.14) self-regulation (p=0.003, r=-0.12) and relationships with peer (p=0.03, r=-0.10) have negative correlation. But there is a positive correlation with depression (p=0.006, r=0.16) and avoidance of problem solving (p=0.005, r=0.20). The results of regression analysis also showed that solving problem (β=0.19) and emotional social skills(β=0.71) and depression (β=0.10) were reliable predictors in the regression model. Findings indicate that bullying can be predicted based on variables of depression (positive correlation), social-emotional skills (negative correlation), and problem-solving skills (negative correlation). These results can be considered in clinical interventions for students and used as preventive variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Designing the Integrated Anti-Bullying Program and Determination of Its Effectiveness in Reducing of Victimization of Middle School Students
Rahim Badri Seyed adnan Hosseini Touraj Hashemi Mir Mahmoud Mir NasabThe purpose of this study was to designing the integrated Anti-bullying program and determination of its effectiveness in reducing of victimization of middle school student’s city of Sanandaj in academic year of 2015-16. The research method was semi experimental w MoreThe purpose of this study was to designing the integrated Anti-bullying program and determination of its effectiveness in reducing of victimization of middle school student’s city of Sanandaj in academic year of 2015-16. The research method was semi experimental with pre-test, post-test plan and a control group. For this purpose, two schools were chosen with purposive sampling method, one as the experimental and another as a control group. Then an anti-bullying program designed with separate sessions for each of groups of school staff, teachers, students and parents. Then the Iranian form of victimization scale (B.V.S), as the pre-test study, was conducted at the both schools for all students. The anti-bullying program in experimental school were taught for each of the groups separately and in the last stage post-test were conducted in both schools. Data analyzed with analysis of covariance using SPSS software. The results showed the effectiveness of anti-bullying program in reducing three verbal, physical and emotional dimension of victimization in experimental school(P<0/05). In addition, program showed higher effectiveness in reducing verbal and physical victimization compared with emotional form. Given these findings using such comprehensive anti-bullying programs by education authorities at the all country's schools is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Life Skills Training in Vocational Schools: An Essential and Effective Strategy to Reduce Aggression and Bullying
Mansoureh Hajhosseini Mohammad Khorsandi - Shirghan Saeid ZandiThe present study intended to investigate the effects of life skills training on reducing aggression and bullying among vocational school students. In so doing, a quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest and control group design was utilized. The population inclu MoreThe present study intended to investigate the effects of life skills training on reducing aggression and bullying among vocational school students. In so doing, a quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest and control group design was utilized. The population included all vocational school male students in Karaj (region 2). Through convenience sampling method, 30 students were selected and were randomly assigned into two groups (experimental and control). First, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) and Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) were administered for both groups. Then, the experimental group received life skills training for eight sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Finally, both groups were assessed once more. The findings demonstrated that after intervention, total Aggression and its subscales (Physical Aggression, Verbal Aggression, Anger, and Hostility), and also Bullying and its subscales have significantly decreased in the experimental group as compared to the control group. Therefore, it is highly recommended to include life skills training in school curriculum. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Relationship between cyberspace addiction with cyber bullying and no mobile phone phobia in College students
Amir hosein Shirafksn Akbar Nasrollahi Ramazan HassanzadehThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cyber bullying and cyber bullying in college students. The research method is descriptive-correlational.Statistical population is medical students of Islamic Azad University In Mazandaran province in MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cyber bullying and cyber bullying in college students. The research method is descriptive-correlational.Statistical population is medical students of Islamic Azad University In Mazandaran province in 1398, 340 samples were selected by stratified random sampling using Krejcie-Morgan table.Data were collected using the mobile-based social networking questionnaires of Khajeh Ahmadi et al.(2016),cyber bullying Minnesota and et al.(2011),and Nomophobia Yildirim & Coria (2015),and were collected through descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson and Assyrian correlation tests were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a positive average relationship between cyber bullying with 0.37 and cyber bullying.Also, cybersecurity addiction was associated with an almost robust 0.52 percent of mobile phobia(P = 0.05),with the result that training in promoting media literacy in society,especially in our young generation, culture of choice and proper use of media. New workshops are offered to them in the form of workshops. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Explaining the relationship cyber harassment in social media with academic adaptation and interaction of students in the context of electronic learning management system (LMS)
Mahsa Taghipour ahmad mirgol parisa Bahari akram hafeziThe current research was of the objective, applied and descriptive research type. The statistical population included all 5697 students of the second year of high school in Shiraz. To collect data, Pourjamshidi et al.'s e-learning interaction questionnaire, Baker and Se MoreThe current research was of the objective, applied and descriptive research type. The statistical population included all 5697 students of the second year of high school in Shiraz. To collect data, Pourjamshidi et al.'s e-learning interaction questionnaire, Baker and Seriak's academic adjustment, and Antiado et al.'s cyberbullying experience questionnaire (CBVEQ) were used. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.81 for academic adjustment, 0.73 for interaction and 0.85 for cyber harassment, and its content validity was approved by educational science professors. The results were analyzed in two descriptive and inferential sections (linear regression and correlation) using SPSS25 software. The findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between academic adaptation and student interaction in the context of the learning management system (LMS). Also, there is a significant negative relationship between cyber harassment in social media with academic adjustment (r=-0.620) and students' interaction (r=-0.680) in the context of the electronic learning management system (LMS) (P=0 /000). Therefore, based on the results of linear regression analysis; Academic adaptation and interaction of students in the context of learning management system can be predicted based on cyber harassment in social media. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Criminology and street sexual harassment against women and girls in Isfahan
سیدعلی هاشمیان فر زهرا گلستانA form of sexual violence of women and girls in law is a nuisance which also refers to sexual harassment. Women every day in the form of sexual harassment on the street facing Sexual violence. few women in some places and sometimes not concern street harassment, but fou MoreA form of sexual violence of women and girls in law is a nuisance which also refers to sexual harassment. Women every day in the form of sexual harassment on the street facing Sexual violence. few women in some places and sometimes not concern street harassment, but found less a woman can not avoid this kind of inconvenience. This study seeks to provide an appropriate response to the question, whether the legislation can be spent on women and girls from violence and discrimination that have been authorized in terms of culture, herself. The results showed that crowded public places, the type of machine used and the time traveling with sexual harassment (Street) happened there. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Impact of Organizational Bullying on Job Performance through Transformational Leadership and Ethical Leadership (Case Study: Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch)
homera aebdi Abdolreza Sobhani . Seyed Morteza Mousavian Hojatullah AbbasiThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of organizational bullying on job performance through transformational leadership and ethical leadership. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of how to collect descriptive inf MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of organizational bullying on job performance through transformational leadership and ethical leadership. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of how to collect descriptive information. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all employees of the Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, numbering 1000 people. Through Cochran sampling formula, 287 people were selected as a sample through stratified sampling method appropriate to the volume. The research instruments were the standard job performance questionnaire of Tsui et al. (1997), the standard questionnaire of organizational bullying of Inarsen et al. (2009), the standard questionnaire of transformational leadership of Rahim et al. (2006) and the standard questionnaire of ethical leadership of Brown et al. (2005). The validity of the questionnaires was examined based on the content validity using the opinion of experts, formally based on the views of a number of statistical and structural populations by factor analysis method and after the necessary terms the validity was confirmed and on the other hand the reliability of the questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha method was estimated (0.88), (0.85), (0.87) and (0.88) respectively.Data analysis was performed at the inferential level including structural equation modeling. The results showed that organizational bullying through transformational leadership has a negative and significant effect on job performance, the coefficient of this effect is -0.44 and through moral leadership has a negative and significant effect on job performance, the coefficient of this effect is -0.33 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Analyzing the Mediating Role of Organizational Bullying in the Relationship between Acquiescent Silence and counterproductive work behavior and Defensive Silence with the Moderating Role of Employment Status
وحید میرزایی حسین فرجیOrganizational bullying is one of the deviant behaviors in organizational environments these days. The current study aims at analyzing the relationship between acquiescent silence and deviant anti-productivity behaviors and also defensive silence with the mediating role MoreOrganizational bullying is one of the deviant behaviors in organizational environments these days. The current study aims at analyzing the relationship between acquiescent silence and deviant anti-productivity behaviors and also defensive silence with the mediating role of organizational bullying and the moderating role of employment status. This study is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive from the view of methodology. The statistical society was 137 people of Bojnurd municipal employees who were chosen according to Cochran formula and simple random sampling. Data collecting tools were Leymann work bullying questionnaires (1996), Van Dyne et al. acquiescent silence and defensive silence(2003), and Fox and Spector counterproductive work behavior (1999). To examine the validity of questionnaires we used the content and confirmatory validity and to examine the reliability of the questionnaire we used the Cronbach alpha coefficient that results confirmed the reliability of the questionnaire. The obtained data from the questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS26 and Amos24 software and by using the structural equation with the approach of PLS and hierarchical regression. Findings showed that organizational bullying mediates the relationship between acquiescent silence and anti-productivity behaviors; On the other hand the employment status moderates the effect of acquiescent silence on counterproductive work behavior, and defensive silence. Empirical results showed that acquiescent silence increases the bullying, therefore employees may react by anti-productivity behaviors or defensive silence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Predicting Perceived Organizational Bullying Based on Burnout of Ministry of Sports and Youth Employees: TheMediating Role of Organizational Maturity and Freedom of Expression
جلال شاملو علی محمد صفانیا سید صلاح الدین نقشبندی AbstractThe purpose of this study was to predict perceived organizational bullying based on burnout of employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth: The mediating role of organizational maturity and freedom of expression. The statistical population of the study w More AbstractThe purpose of this study was to predict perceived organizational bullying based on burnout of employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth: The mediating role of organizational maturity and freedom of expression. The statistical population of the study was all staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth at 800 people. 243 people were selected randomly as a sample. Measurement tool was Maslow Professional Burnout Questionnaire (1981), Spillage and Holt Organizational Bullying (2001), and Amrollahi and Associates Freedom of Speech (1396). The face and content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by 11 experts and the confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm the validity of their constructs. The reliability of the questionnaires was also determined by a pilot study on 30 members of the community and by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Kolmogrov-Smirnov tests, one-sample t-test using Spss V23 and structural equation modeling using Amos version 23. The results of the research showed a positive and significant correlation between perceived organizational bullying and burnout (r = 0.57) and a reverse and significant relationship between perceived organizational bullying and expression (r = -0.42), and between freedom of speech and There is a burnout (r = -0.34) (Sig = 0.01). The results also showed that the variable of freedom of expression in the relationship between perceived organizational bullying and burnout has a significant mediator role. Attention to factors causing organizational bullying and freedom of expression can be effective in reducing the burnout of the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Conceptual Model of Perceived Organizational Bullying and Burnout with the Mediating Role of organizational Maturity and Freedom of Expression in Staff of the Ministry of Sport and Youth
jalal shamlo alimohammad safaniya salahedin naghshbandi The purpose of this study was to examine the conceptual model of perceived organizational bullying and burnout with the role of mediating organizational maturity and freedom of expression in the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. in terms of nature and met More The purpose of this study was to examine the conceptual model of perceived organizational bullying and burnout with the role of mediating organizational maturity and freedom of expression in the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. in terms of nature and method, this research is applied research with descriptive-correlation method that data collection was done in the field. The statistical population of this study is all staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth (N = 800). Measuring instruments were organizational maturity, burnout, organizational bullying, and freedom of expression questionnaires. The face and content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by 11 faculty members. The reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. One-sample t-test, and structural equation modeling were performed for statistical analysis. The results showed that freedom of expression (2.45) in inappropriate status, organizational maturity (3.11) at a moderate level, burnout (3.30), and perceived organizational bullying (3.51) in the Ministry of Sport and Youth are significantly above average. Moreover, there is a positive and significant correlation between perceived organizational bullying and burnout (r = 0.57), a reverse and significant relationship between perceived organizational bullying and expression (r = -0.42) and organizational maturation (r=-0.30) among the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth (sig = 0/01). As a result, two variables of organizational maturity and freedom of expression have reciprocal and significant effects on the relationship between perceived organizational bullying and burnout. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The aim of the present study was to predict bullying based on perceived parenting style through mediation role of self-concept in students.
نسیبه شیرکوند مالک میرهاشمیIntroduction: Today, schools are increasingly concerned about students' behavioral disorders such as violence, disciplinary issues, bullying, and destructive and brazen behaviors. Statement of Problem: One of the important questions is why adolescents engage in behavio MoreIntroduction: Today, schools are increasingly concerned about students' behavioral disorders such as violence, disciplinary issues, bullying, and destructive and brazen behaviors. Statement of Problem: One of the important questions is why adolescents engage in behaviors such as bullying? Parents are the first to communicate with the child and have the most influential encounters and interactions in shaping the structure of the child's future life. Children's perception of this type of interaction is much more important than the practical experience of such interactions. Object: The aim of the present study was to predict bullying based on perceived parenting style through mediation role of self-concept in students. Methods: The present study was descriptive and correlational and structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of high school students was studying in the second grade of high school in Tehran in the academic year of 2018-19. A total of 290 students were selected by cluster sampling. The research instruments included Grolink's perceived parenting questionnaire (1997), Rogers 'self-concept questionnaire (1977), and Illinois' (2001) bullying scale. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the statistical test showed that the fit indicators of the research model were in good condition. Also, the variable parenting variable on bullying had both a direct and an indirect effect (through self-concept) (p <0.05). Self-concept also directly affects bullying (p <0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study confirmed the need to pay attention to the perceived parenting style as a family variable in predicting bullying behaviors in students in the country's schools. Manuscript profile
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