عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد

Open Access Article

1 - Survey of yield and yield components of castor bean genotypes
ali sayadi

To evaluate the growth characteristics , yield , its components and oil content of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) genotypes in East Azerbaijan an experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with three replications during 2007 – 2008 in Hadishahr o More

To evaluate the growth characteristics , yield , its components and oil content of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) genotypes in East Azerbaijan an experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with three replications during 2007 – 2008 in Hadishahr of Jolfa. Seed weight per plant on main and secondary spike, oil yield and its percentage, 100 seeds weight per main and secondary spike, biological yield and harvest index were assessed. The results showed that seed and oil yields and most of characteristics were significantly different among castor bean genotypes. Ashtiyan 1 had higher values for most traits except 100 seeds weight per main and secondary spike, length of main stem, oil percentage and harvest index, with respect to other genotypes. Oil percentage, was higher in Shahreza 1 and Ashtiyan 2 genotypes than other genotypes. Low oil yield of Shahreza 1 genotypes was due to low seed yield. But in Ashtiyan 2 genotype high oil percentage amends low seed yield and this genotype like genotype Ashtiyan 1 had preference with respect to other genotypes in oil yield. It seems that Ashtiyan 1, Ashtiyan 2, and Shahreza 2 genotypes are suitble for cultivation in Hadishahr areas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Study of some morphological traits, yield and yield components in advanced wheat genotypes under normal and water deficit stress
bahman zekavati

To evaluate some of morphological traits, yield and yield components in wheat genotypes under normal and water stress codition after anthesis, an experiment was carried out in Agriculture and Natural Research Station of Ardabil in 2008-2009. Then advanced winter and int More

To evaluate some of morphological traits, yield and yield components in wheat genotypes under normal and water stress codition after anthesis, an experiment was carried out in Agriculture and Natural Research Station of Ardabil in 2008-2009. Then advanced winter and intermediate wheat genotypes obtained from this research station were evaluated in two separate experiments under normal irrigation and deficit irrigation after anthesis in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant differences were observed among genotypes in terms of grain number in spike. Genotypes No.6 and 10 had the highest amount of this trait (42.2 and 42.6, respectively). 1000 grains weigh decreased significantly under water stress, also the amount that were different significant among genotypes. The highest and lowest grain yields (6093.3 and 4819.4 Kg per hectare) were obtained by normal and water stress conditions, respectively. In terms of grain yield, the genotypes which had gain number per spike and 1000 grains weight in high value in both condition, had better yield in comparison with others. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Effect of Application of Biofertilizers and Phosphorus Fertilizers on Qualitative and Quantitative Traits of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
میثم Moradi S.A. Siadat K. Khavazi R. Naseri A. Maleki A. Mirzae

In order to study the effects of biofertilizer and phosphate fertilizer on yield and yield components of spring wheat a factorial experiment based on randomized completed blocks design with replications was conducted at the Mohsenabad, Mehran Research station in Ilam, I More

In order to study the effects of biofertilizer and phosphate fertilizer on yield and yield components of spring wheat a factorial experiment based on randomized completed blocks design with replications was conducted at the Mohsenabad, Mehran Research station in Ilam, Iran during 2009-2010. Experimental factors consisted of phosphorus chemical fertilizers at four levels(0, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1) and bio-fertilizer at four levels (non-inoculation, inoculating with Azotobacter chroococcum, Pseudomonas Putida and Azotobacter plus Pseudomonas). Results of analysis variance showed that using chemical fertilizer significantly effected grain yield, harvest index, biological yield, plant height and protein content. The highest grain and biological yields were produced by applying180 kg ha-1, while its effects on other traits were not significantly different from that of 135 kg ha-1. Biological fertilizers, on the other hand increased grain yield, harvest index, biological yield, plant height and protein content as compared to non inoculation treatment. The highest grain yield, harvest index, biological yield, plant height and protein content obtained from application of Azotobacter plus Pseudomonas. Grain yield, harvest index, biological, plant height were affected by interaction effects of chemical fertilizer and biological fertilizers. The highest and lowest grain yield belonged to the application of 180 kg ha-1 of chemical fertilizer and Azotobacter plus Pseudomonas and non- chemical fertilizer and non-inoculation, respectively, but the difference between 135 and 180 kg.ha-1 was not statistically different. Thus, it is cheaper to recommend use of 135 kg ha-1 of chemical fertilizer and Azotobacter plus Pseudomonas to get acceptable grain and biological yields. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Evaluating the Effect of Amount of Wheat Straw and Stubble Residues and Urea Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Corn (Zea mays L.)
S. Safikhani M. Azarnia

To investigate the effect of different amounts of wheat stubbe residues and urea fertilizer levels on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) SC. 704, an experiment was carried out, at the Agricultural Research Station, University of Agriculture and Natural Re More

To investigate the effect of different amounts of wheat stubbe residues and urea fertilizer levels on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) SC. 704, an experiment was carried out, at the Agricultural Research Station, University of Agriculture and Natural Resources Ramin Khuzestan, during the growing season of 2007. The experiment was split plot based on randomized complete block design with two factors and four replications. The treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen, as main factor, and six different amounts of wheat residues, as subplot factor. Main plot treatments were: a1= 425, a2= 450, a3= 475 and a4= 500 kg/ha urea fertilizer and subplot treatments were: b1= the all wheat residues (100%), b2= 75, b3= 50 and b4= 25 % of wheat residues, b5= without straw and stubble, b6= burning of wheat residues. The resulats revealed that the effects of urea fertilizer and wheat stubble rate on all traits under study and intractions on seed number per ear and ear number per unit area weresignificant. It was also indicated that high levels of wheat residues reduced corn seed yield and its components. The results also showed that turning under the 50-75 percent residue into the soil before planting corn and not using stubble not only don’t reduce seed yield and its components , they also increase in the long run soil organic matter. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Investigation of Affecting Factors on Soybean (Glycine max L.) Pod Abnormality in Gorgan
Amir Mohtasham Amiri Mohhamad Reza Dadashi Abolfazl Faraji

Soybean pod abnormality is a kind of growth in which soybean plant accompanied with growth disorders including sever pod and flower abscission as well as leaves and pod morphological modifications. In an acute status, these kinds of plants stays green; therefore, the yi More

Soybean pod abnormality is a kind of growth in which soybean plant accompanied with growth disorders including sever pod and flower abscission as well as leaves and pod morphological modifications. In an acute status, these kinds of plants stays green; therefore, the yield decreases and harvest time delay, dramatically. To investigate the reasons of pod distortion abnormality in Katul cultivar, a field assay based on roving method was performed. In the field experiment based on roving method 40 fields of Katul were selected randomly and traits like yield and yield component as well as managemental and climatic parameters were recorded in two successive growing years, 2015 and 2016. Result indicated that all field management factors didnot have any effect on PDS, except frequency of irrigation. In such a way that decreasing frequency of watering increased incidence of PDS significantly. Furthermore, percent of flower abscissions as well as shoot dry weight were increased; meanwhile, number of pod per plant, number of grain per pod, number of grain per plant, 1000-grain weight, harvest index, biological yield and grain yield dwindled extraordinary in PDS plants. Taken together, these results indicated that abiotic stresses such as heat and drought stresses as well as undesirable field irrigation might play an important role in soybean pod distortion abnormality incidence. In addition, interpreting of mineral nutrient indicated that well nutrition plants might decrease damage percentage of soybean pod abnormality. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Response of Some Agronomic Characteristic of Canola (Brassica napus L.) to Nitrogen Fertilizer and Sowing Date
سعید Safikhani عباس Biabani Abolfazl Faraji Ali Rahemi Abdolatif Gholizadeh

To study effects of nitrogen fertilizer and sowing date on some agronomic traits of canola cultivars, a factorial split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted during growing season 2013 – 2014 at the Research More

To study effects of nitrogen fertilizer and sowing date on some agronomic traits of canola cultivars, a factorial split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted during growing season 2013 – 2014 at the Research Farm of Gonbadkavus University, Iran. Treatments were four canola (Brassica napus L) cultivars (C1=Hayola 401, C2=Zarfam, C3= Hayola 308, and C4=RGS003), two planting dates (D1=17 Nonvember and, D2=28 December) and three levels of nitrogen fertilizers (N1=0, N2=%50 of recommended fertilizer, N3=%100 recommended fertilizer). In this study the treatment of nitrogen fertilizer levels and planting dates were asseigned to main plots and canola cultivars to sub plots. The results of analysis of variance showed that the interaction effects between nitrogen fertilizer × planting were significant at 0.01 probability level on all evaluated traits. Interaction of planting date × cultivar effects on all yield components except seed per silique were also significantly. The fertilizer × cultivar interaction did not affect yield components significantly. The highest yield, 4.2 t/ha, was produced by the open pollinated cultivar of RGS003 using %100 recommended rate of nitrogen fertilizer at sowing date of 17 November, which represents a high potential of this cultivar under this nutrients level and sowing date. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Assessing the effect of zeolite levels on grain yield, yield components and re-transfer of dry matter of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars in Miyaneh region
Davar Gharadaghi Ali Faramarzi Jalil Ajali Mehrdad Abdi Naser Nazari

A test was conducted in Achachi village by a split-plot factorial design in form of a completely randomized design model with three replications in 2017-2018. The treatments include three stress levels (a1: without stress (flooding), a2: irrigation interval per 10 days More

A test was conducted in Achachi village by a split-plot factorial design in form of a completely randomized design model with three replications in 2017-2018. The treatments include three stress levels (a1: without stress (flooding), a2: irrigation interval per 10 days (from the beginning of clawing step), a3: irrigation interval of 20 days (since the clawing step), zeolite in two levels (b1: non-use (control), b2: 10 ton/ha), and cultivars in 4 levels (c1: Shahpasand, c2: local Tarom, c3: CT13382-8-3-M, c4: Sangjoo). The maximum yield was in a combination of flooding and zeolite use in cultivar of CT13382-8-3-M with an average of 5.9 ton/ha, and the minimum yield was in a combination of once every 20 days’ irrigation and non-use of zeolite in a cultivar of Shahpasand with the average of 1.06 ton/ha. The maximum transfer of the dry matter from the aerial parts was obtained when Sangjoo cultivar was irrigated once every 10 days in non-use of zeolite (816 kg/ha), and the share of grain re-transfer was reduced by increasing zeolite use. The other leaves have the main role of the dry matter re-transfer to the gain than the other parts (stem and flag leaf). In addition, its amount depends on the genotype and the environmental conditions and varied from -3.45 to 14.63%. The role of stems to transfer the dry matter to the grain was lower than the other aerial parts and in range of 2.5-16.7%. Totally, it seems that the re-transfer of the dry matter from the aerial parts of rice genotypes has an important role in filling the grains. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Evaluation of yield and yield components of grain corn under the influence of planting date and hybrid in winter cultivation
Hamid Najafikjad Mohammad Ali Javaheri seyed zabi Ravari

In Orzoiyeh region, water deficit is the most important environmental stress limiting plant growth and production. A field experiment was conducted over two years 2010-2011 in Orzoiyeh Research Station to determine the most suitable of planting date and hybrid for winte More

In Orzoiyeh region, water deficit is the most important environmental stress limiting plant growth and production. A field experiment was conducted over two years 2010-2011 in Orzoiyeh Research Station to determine the most suitable of planting date and hybrid for winter cultivation of corn . This study was conducted as a split- plot in randomized complete block design with four replications. Main plots were planting date with four levels ( 3 February, 17 February, 2 March, 18 March) and sub plots were four different corn hybrids (TWC 600, TWC 647, SC 704, SC 720). Results showed that there weren’t any significant difference between planting dates for grain yield and yield components, but planting in 18 March had the highest plant height and ear diameter. Between corn hybrids, SC 720 produced highest grain yield (10.48 t ha-1). Grain yield in SC720 hybrid was 2.02 t ha-1 higher than control (SC 704). SC‌720 hybrid had the highest amounts of ear diameter and number row per ear than others. Based on these results, can be concluded that in Orzoiyeh region, cultivation of corn in the range of 3 February to 18 March is possible, but 18 march is the best planting date. As well as SC 720 as a new hybrid can be introduced in this region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Investigation the effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on growth, yield and dry matter remobilization in barley
Abazar Abbasia Shahram Mehri hosein soleimanzadeh Saeid Alipour

In order to survey the impact of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield and remobilization of photosynthetic dry matter in barley, a two-year factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicates was More

In order to survey the impact of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and nitrogen fertilizer on growth, yield and remobilization of photosynthetic dry matter in barley, a two-year factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicates was carried out on barley cultivar LB-IRAN, at the research farm of the Islamic Azad University, Ardabil branch, Ardabil, Iran, in two consecutive years of 2019 and 2020 cropping years. First factor included five nitrogen levels: 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, 100 kg/ha net nitrogen, and second factor contained grain inoculations with four bacteria: no inoculation (control), Azotobacter crococcum strain 5, Azospirillum lipoferum strain of, and combination of the two mentioned bacteria. Fertilization was performed at planting, tillering, and grain filling stages. Results revealed that most of the studied traits were significant. Nitrogen rate increment resulted in the higher rates of the above mentioned traits so that 100 kg/ha nitrogen significantly showed the highest amounts while control caused the lowest ones. Combined treatment of the bacteria resulted in the higher rates compared to the single bacteria, and control showed the lowest amounts. Also, it was observed that application of 100 kg/ha nitrogen on Azotobacter crococcum strain 5, and Azospirillum lipoferum strain of resulted in the lowest rate of dry matter remobilization from stem and whole plant to the grain, and contribution of dry matter remobilization from stem and whole plant to the grain while, control treatments of nitrogen and of PGPRs caused the highest rates. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Effect of drought stress in different growth stages on yield and yield components of corn hybrid S.C. 704 in different plant density
A. Jazayeri A. Naderi M. Alavi Fazel M. Gohari

     In order to study of drought stress in different growth stages on yield and yield components of corn hybrid S.C. 704 in different plant density, this research was conducted in Ahvaz, during the summer 2008, in split-plot using RCBD with three re More

     In order to study of drought stress in different growth stages on yield and yield components of corn hybrid S.C. 704 in different plant density, this research was conducted in Ahvaz, during the summer 2008, in split-plot using RCBD with three replications. Water holding were applied in main plot in four levels (water holding at eight leaves stage, twelve leaves stage, tasseling growth stages and optimum irrigation was as the control). Plant density were as three sub plots in three levels (7.5, 8.5, 9.5 plant per square meter). Results showed that grain yield, biological yield and harvest index affected by water holding and plant population. Grain yield and harvest index was more affected in water holding in tasseling stage compare with other treatments. Maximum grain yield (890 gr/m2) was belonged to control water treatment with 75000 plant productions while minimum grain yield was obtained in tasseling stage with production 95000 plants with change in density of 75000 to 95000. Grain yield and harvest index decreased in response to plant population from 75000 to 95000 plants per hectare, while biological yield increased to plant density increment. In interaction treatment S4D2 yielded the highest grain yield (934 gr/m2) while the lowest grain yield was belonged to S3D3 with 152 gr/m2.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - The study of the effect of temperature treatment on the yield and yield component of rice (Oryza Sativa L.), Tarom mahale and Fajr varieties
parisa Mearrostamei Alahyar Fallah Morteza Mobaleghi Saaneh Mashayekhi Mehrdad Hghverdian

     In order to study of temperature treatment on yield and yield component of rice (Tarom mahale and Fajr varieties) a green house experiment was carried out in deputy of rice research institute of Iran (Amol)in2009.The experiment performed in the More

     In order to study of temperature treatment on yield and yield component of rice (Tarom mahale and Fajr varieties) a green house experiment was carried out in deputy of rice research institute of Iran (Amol)in2009.The experiment performed in the form of factorial split plot based on CRD with three replications.The stages of the varieties( Tarom mahale and Fajr) were selected as main factors and the stages of temperature (16 and 32C°)as well as four growth stages(theaverageof grassing till the appearance of green cluster, stalking,pregnancy,bloomingandgrainbecomingfull)wereconsideredassub-factors. Resultsshowed that thevarityof Fajr,becauseof having more numbers of effective tiller, the number of spike in hill, the length of spike,the numberof whole grain head in cluster and the numberoffull grain head in cluster, had the mostof grain yield (23.37g/hill),incomparisonwith thevarietyofTarom mahle(19.72 g/hill).Grainyield intemperatureof 32C°,becauseof having the higher (23.6 gm/hill), incomparison the temperature of 16 C°(19.5gm/hill)andwhendecreasing temperature from32C°to16 C°a decrease of 21% for grain yield obtioned.The stage of grain becoming full,because of having more number of spike in hill, the length of spike, the number of wholegrain head in clusterand the numberof full-grain head incluster had the most ofgrain yield (24.58 g/hill)and fromgrowth level of grassing till the appearance of green cluster because of having less number of cluster in hill and 1000 grain weight had the least amount of yield (19.01 g/hill).    Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Evaluation of drought stress effects on yield and yield components of advanced Rapeseed varieties at Esfahan region
F. Fayaz M. R. Naderi Darbaghshahi A. H Shirani Rad

A field trial as a split plot design based on randomized complete block design with  three replications was conducted on six winter Rapeseed (Brassicanapus L.) varieties in 2005 season in research farm of Kabootar Abad, Esfahan. Treatments selected based on using t More

A field trial as a split plot design based on randomized complete block design with  three replications was conducted on six winter Rapeseed (Brassicanapus L.) varieties in 2005 season in research farm of Kabootar Abad, Esfahan. Treatments selected based on using three different moisture regimes including 1) Application of water when 80% evaporation occurred from class A evaporation pan to physiological maturity as control treatment 2) Stopping water application since flowering stage and 3) Stopping water application since grain fill stage. The results indicated that stopping water application since flowering stage caused yield components to reduce significantly and thus had undesirable effect on yield where reductions in number of pod per plant (from 79.2 to 50.1), number of grains per pod (from 50.8 to 40.8) and weight of 1000 grains (from 3131 to 2584 gr/ha) were observed. Seed oil content was also found to be reduced in that treatment (from 48.5% to 46.6%). The studied varieties revealed significant differences in all measured traits. The variety of Zarfam had the highest grain yield and seed oil content in various irrigation regimes and the SLMO46 ranked next. Considering the high potential of these two varieties in producing oil in stress condition, their capability to be cultivated in stress- prone regions is realized. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Comparison of chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizers in potato
A. Sefidgaran

This experiment was conducted to evaluate solublizing bacteria and chemical phosphorus on three varieties of potato.Arandomized complete block design whit a split split plot layout was used in three replication.This investigation was carried out in a farm in Enaj, one o More

This experiment was conducted to evaluate solublizing bacteria and chemical phosphorus on three varieties of potato.Arandomized complete block design whit a split split plot layout was used in three replication.This investigation was carried out in a farm in Enaj, one of the environs of Arak. The result show that the use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and its con frontation with other factors, were significantly affected the studied qualities about wet weight a erial part, wet weight of tubers, dry weight of tubers, the phosphorus content of tubers and prominent of baruest. It caused significantly in creasing in yield parameters, especially tubers yield comparing to chemical treatment at 1% level. The result also showed that the interaction effect of phosphate solubizing bacteria and chemical hosphorus, showed significant advantage in qualities of wet weight and dry weight of aerial part, dry weight of tuber, number of main stems per plant, Biomous yield and the phosphorus content per bush at 5%level. There was no significant difference at application treatment of phosphate solublizing bacteria with 75kg of chemical phosphate, in the yield aspect with the application of 15kg chemicalphosphate fertilizer. The results show that the application of chemical phosphorus in the most qualities suchas yield of tuber, the percentage of absorbed phosphorus, phosphate content of bush, dry weight of aerial part and biomas yield. Showed difference at 1% level and lead to the most result. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Effects of nitrogen fertilizers and manure (Farm Yard Manure) on grain yield and yield components
S. A. Vajedi Roshan E. Rahimi Petroudi G. Mirzaie H. Mobasser

In order to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizers and manure on grain yield and yield components, a field experiment was conducted in the Agriculture Research Field, Babolsar, Iran, in 2012 crop season. This experiment was carried out with two factors, in a split plo More

In order to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizers and manure on grain yield and yield components, a field experiment was conducted in the Agriculture Research Field, Babolsar, Iran, in 2012 crop season. This experiment was carried out with two factors, in a split plot arrangements using Randomized Complete Blocks Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Manure (Cow) fertilizer (10, 20, 30 t/ha) were assigned to main plots and Nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100, 150 kg/ha) were randomized in sub plots. The results indicated that the use of nitrogen fertilizer on traits such as plant height, cob diameter, number of grains per ear, grain yield, 1000- grain weight and biological yield was significance at 5% level. The highest and lowest grain yield was obtained from 150 kg N/ha and without application of nitrogen respectively. The different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer on traits such as ear length, number of rows per ear, cob length and harvest index were not significant. Manure application had not significant effect on any traits, except number of grains per ear,1000- grain weight and harvest index. Manure treatments were not significant due to de composition gradually and therefore can not release enough nutrients, especially nitrogen. The manure should be added to the soil for several consecutive years to show its effect on soil and plants. The interaction of nitrogen fertilizer and manure on ear diameter and biological yield at 5%level should significant effect. The highest grain yield was produced from 30 ton/ha farm yard manure (FYM) +100kg N/ha treatments. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Effect of water stress and absorbent materials application on yield and components yield of fall wheat
M. Farmahini M. Mirzakhani N. Sajedi

        Effect of water stress and absorbent substance such as animal manure, zeolite and bentonite in a field trial training - Islamic Azad University in agricultural research is conducted 2010 - 11.  Tested in a split  plot More

        Effect of water stress and absorbent substance such as animal manure, zeolite and bentonite in a field trial training - Islamic Azad University in agricultural research is conducted 2010 - 11.  Tested in a split  plot randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of three irrigation treatments (100%, 85% and 70%) required water treatment plant in the main,Use absorbent materials on six levels (controls, 30 tons of manureper hectare, 15 tons of manure + 4 tons zeolite per hectare, 15 tons of manure per hectare consumption of + 2 tons of bentonite, zeoliteof 4 tons per hectare consumption of+ 2 tons of bentonite per hectare and 15 tons of manure+2 tons bentonite + 4 tons of zeoliteper hectare)in sub plots on wheat type alvand. Results showed that the effect of water stress on traits such as plant height, seed weight and seed yield and harvest index of the level of a cluster was significant at five percent. The results show that the use of fertilizers a significant effect on panicle harvest index, number of spikelets per panicle and grain has. highest levels of water stress on grain yield average of 8 / 5 tons per hectare to irrigation based on plant water requirement was 100 percent and lowest average yield of 4/03 tons per acre to plant irrigation was 70% water requirement. The results show that the zeolite used with manure can increase performance. Given the multi-year drought and water restrictions that exist in the country and Zeolite and its five-year price stability can be recommended to reduce the damage caused by irrigation farmers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Effect of planting date and comparing yield between red bean cultivars in Ali-Ggoudarz , Lorestan, Iran
T. Rahmani H. Heidari Sharifabad H. Madani

Hyssop with the scientific name Hyssopus officinalis belongs to the dark mint is a perennial plant that its usable parts are flowering branches, leaves and seeds. The infused vegetative body as a healing agent for the treatment of upper respiratory tract illnesses such More

Hyssop with the scientific name Hyssopus officinalis belongs to the dark mint is a perennial plant that its usable parts are flowering branches, leaves and seeds. The infused vegetative body as a healing agent for the treatment of upper respiratory tract illnesses such as coughs, whooping cough, bronchitis and asthma is used. Anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties of hyssop essential oils in food, cosmetics and health are frequently used. This study is a split plot randomized complete block design with four replications form.The treatments included four levels of nitrogen by 0, 75,150 and 225 kg per hectare and planting density in three  levels were 6, 8, 10 plants per square meter. The results showed that the highest yield of dry matter and medicinal body were obtained from 10 plants per square meter. Consumption of 225 kg per hectare and lack of nitrogen in the flowering stage, respectively, generating the maximum and the lowest number of leaves per plant in the main stem. The highest yield of medicinal body with consumption of 225 kg N per hectare is recommended. The density of 10 plants per square meter and use of 75 kg N per hectare is the best treatment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Effect of drought stress, zeolitand and selenium on yield and yield Components on sunflower
P. Yousefvand N. Sajedi M. Mirzakhani

In order to study the effect of drought stress, zeolitand and selenium on yield and yield components of sunflower a field experiment was carried out in factorial split plot using RCBD with four replications. Experiment was done at research farm of Arak Islamic Azad Univ More

In order to study the effect of drought stress, zeolitand and selenium on yield and yield components of sunflower a field experiment was carried out in factorial split plot using RCBD with four replications. Experiment was done at research farm of Arak Islamic Azad University in Iran during 2009-2010. The experimental factors included three levels of irrigations (irrigation equal to 100% crop water requirement as control, irrigation equal 75% and 50% of crop water requirement) and zeolit in three levels (0, 4 and 8 t/ha) and sodium selenit in two levels (0 and 18 g/ha). The result showed that, irrigation significantly effected on observed in irrigation equal to 100% crop water requirement + 8 ton/ha Zeolit + 18 g/ha sodium selenit, that with treatment of 75% crop water requirement + 8 ton/ha +18 g/ha sodium selenit with yield equal to 3000.2 kg/ha on significant. Application of 8 ton/ha Zeolit +18g/ha sodium selenit in irrigation of 75% crop water requirement, increased grian yield equal 34.16% as comprer with without zeolit and sodium selenit, also application of this treatment in condition of 50% crop water requirement increased grain yield equal 24.61% as compared with without zeolit and  sodium selenit. It is concluded that with irrigation equal to 75% water requirement + 8 ton/ha Zeolit +18 g/ha sodium selenit obtain optimum yield.    Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Investigation The Effect of Humic Acid and Different Method of Seed Biopriming on Morphophysiological Traits of Rainfed Wheat under Supplemental Irrigation Condition
Ali-Nazar Rostami Afshin Mozaffari

In order to investigate the effect of humic acid and different methods of seed priming on yield and yield components of rainfed wheat under supplemental irrigation conditions, a split split plot design in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) design with three repli More

In order to investigate the effect of humic acid and different methods of seed priming on yield and yield components of rainfed wheat under supplemental irrigation conditions, a split split plot design in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) design with three replications in Kermanshah province. The irrigation factor consisted: pure raunfed and supplemental irrigation in the main plot; Humeic acid included: non-use and use in the subplot and seed biopriming including: prime with fungus Mycorrhiza, Prime with mixed of PGPR, Prime with Flavobacteriun, Prime with Mycorrhiza+PGPR, and Prime with Mycorrhiza+Flavobacteriun were sub-sub plots. The main effects of supplemental irrigation, humic acid and seed biopriming methods were significant on all traits. The supplementary irrigation treatment had the highest grain yield, biological yield, harvest index (HI), spikelet number per spike, seeds number per spike and wheat plant height, with 3518.139 kg ha-1, 10200.5 kg ha-1, 34.339 %, 12.944, 29.028 and 99.944 cm, respectively. Humeic acid treatment had the highest grain yield, biological yield, harvest index (GI), spikelet number per spike, seeds number per spike and plant height, with 3393.778 kg ha-1, 10136.278 kg ha-1, 33.356 %, 12.444, 27.583 and 639.98 cm, respectively. Between the different seed biopriming treatments, seed co-bioprime with mycorrhizal fungus and mixture of PGPR bacteria (Azotobacter + Azospirillum + Pseudomonas) had the highest grain yield, biological yield, harvest index (HI), spikelet number per spike, seeds number per spike and plant height was allocated with 3887.167 kg ha-1, 10703.25 kg ha-1, 36.167 %, 14.5, 33.0 and 105.5 cm, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Response of some new irrigated wheat line and cultivars to cut of terminal irrigation
Behrooz Ekhtiary Esmaeil Nabizadeh

Access to water is limited in many parts of the world and the drought process is more than any other environmental factor is limiting plant’s growth and crop production. In this study, quantitative and qualitative traits of Triticum aestivum (Triticum aestivum) un More

Access to water is limited in many parts of the world and the drought process is more than any other environmental factor is limiting plant’s growth and crop production. In this study, quantitative and qualitative traits of Triticum aestivum (Triticum aestivum) under irrigation at the end of the growing season, as a randomized complete block design with three replications, were conducted at a Research Field in Bukan County was studied. The main factor of moisture restriction (S) was two levels of S1: optimal moisture conditions and S2: Moisture constraint with irrigation cut off at the seed filling stage and in the event of rainfall, preventing precipitation by drainage during the filling stage. The second factor (C) is five types of wheat, including cultivars C92-5 and C91-4, Mihan, Heidari and pishgam. Tension treatments at the block and wheat cultivars in the block were placed. Drought stress reduced the traits (plant height, internode length, panicle length, number of seeds per spike, grain yield and biology, 1000 grain weight and harvest index). Among the cultivars used in this experiment, Heidari variety was superior to other cultivars in terms of traits, and in some cases, it had a significant superiority. For example, in the weight of a thousand seeds and number of seeds per spike, the cultivar Mihan and the number of spikes per square meter, the pioneer was superior to the rest of the cultivars. In conditions of drought stress, heydari, Mihan and pishgam cultivars were superior to the other two cultivars. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Evaluation of effects of planting pattern on seed yield and yield components of different soybean cultivars
Abas Zarkoob‌tehrani Mohammad Nasri Hamidreza Mobaser Omid Ghasemi Esmaeil Yasaari

In order to evaluate the effects of cultivar and planting pattern on soybean seed yield and yield components a split plot experimental design based on completely block design in three replications was carried out during spring in Bay-e-cola Agricultural Research Station More

In order to evaluate the effects of cultivar and planting pattern on soybean seed yield and yield components a split plot experimental design based on completely block design in three replications was carried out during spring in Bay-e-cola Agricultural Research Station with an elevation of 4 m over sea level and average rain fall of 514 mm. There were three cultivars namely: BP, JK and 032 as main plot and six planting patterns namely: 20×5, 20×10, 30×5, 30×10, 40×5, 40×10 cm2 as sub plot. The results obtained showed that maximum 100-seed weight in main stem and minimum number of seed per pod in main stem obtained in JK cultivars and maximum number of pod in main stem obtained in BP. It was observed that seed yield was not significantly affected among the cultivars. The maximum seed yield obtained for 40x10 cm2 pattern with 951.7g.2m2, coinciding with maximum number of pod per plant and seed per pod in main stem. It was also observed that maximum number of pod in main stem obtained at the interaction effects of BP cultivar at 40x10 cm2 where as the minimum number of empty pod in main stem obtained for BP as 30x5 cm2.Maximum seed yield observed at interaction effects of BP and 30x10 cm2 Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - The Effect of Triple tensions Drought, Salinity and Nitrogen Deficiency on Water Absorption in Tomato Plants.
Mostafa Khammar hamidreza Mobasser sajad keikhaei

Optimal management of irrigation water and optimal use of food under salinity and drought is very important. The objective of this research was assessment root water uptake function of tomato under simultaneous water, salinity and   different levels of nitroge More

Optimal management of irrigation water and optimal use of food under salinity and drought is very important. The objective of this research was assessment root water uptake function of tomato under simultaneous water, salinity and   different levels of nitrogen stresses. The experiments were carried out on tomato plant in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consist four levels of water irrigation (50, 75, 100 and 100 percent of water requirement), Six levels of salinity (1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 dS/m) and three levels of nitrogen including zero, 50 and 100 percent of the fertilizer needs. Water, salinity and nitrogen stresses treatments were applied from the flowering plant. .The results showed under simultaneous salinity and nitrogen stresses, modified MB model and under simultaneous water and salinity stresses, MB-H, MB-F,MB-D and MB-VG models had better accuracy and MB-F Model in comparison with other models had the best fit against the measured data. In simultaneous water, salinity and nitrogen stresses multiplicative MB-MB-F model is the best fit than other suggested   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - The study of Symbiotic of mycorhiza and phosphor fertilizer on yield and yield components of corn in Robat karim region.
Alireza Heidari Mohammad Nasri Farshad Ghooshchi

In order to investigate the effects of mycorhiza fertilizer and to reduce chemical fertilizer on yield components of corn, an experiment was conducted on Robat  Karim region farm during 2014-2015. The experiment was carried out using factorial design in randomized More

In order to investigate the effects of mycorhiza fertilizer and to reduce chemical fertilizer on yield components of corn, an experiment was conducted on Robat  Karim region farm during 2014-2015. The experiment was carried out using factorial design in randomized complete block with three replications. The first factor was different levels of phosphor fertilizer consist of  25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and Second factor was consist of do not use of mycorhiza fertilizer (control), 60 kg.ha, 120 kg.ha. Results variance analysis showed that grain yield, 1000 grain weight , Number of grain per row cob, grain on in ear row was significant. The most of grain yield and number of grain per row was in treatment of 50% phosphor fertilizer and 60kg.ha mycorhiza and least of treatment was obtain in control and 25% phosphor fertilizer. The most of number of grain per row was obtain in treatment of 120kg.ha mycorhiza and 50% phosphor fertilizer. Therefore it is recommended that for better efficiency and reduced consumption of phosphate fertilizer soil mineral elements, 50 percent of phosphate fertilizer recommendations and the application of 60 kg. ha mycorrhiza was used in planting corn.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - The effect of sodium silicate on yield and yield components of pea (Cicer arietinum L.) under salinity stress
Mahdi Jalali Amin Fathi Massoumeh Namrvari Somayeh . Karami Chameh Sadegh Bahamin

Peas are the second most important plant families with high quality protein and important role in increasing soil nitrogen. The plant is sensitive to salinity and given that a large part of our land and the passion necessary to make possible the necessary measures to be More

Peas are the second most important plant families with high quality protein and important role in increasing soil nitrogen. The plant is sensitive to salinity and given that a large part of our land and the passion necessary to make possible the necessary measures to be taken to prevent a decrease in performance. In this regard, one of the elements that can improve plant water status, the effects of salinity amend, is silicon. For this purpose, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted. Treatments consisted of soil salinity at levels 2, 4 and 6 dS/m and sodium with levels of 0, 1 and 2 mM. The results showed that salinity had a significant effect on the number of pods per square meter, number of seeds per square meter, grain weight, grain yield and dry matter, so that increasing salinity level would be to reduce the amount of these traits. The yield on the EC 6 dS.m to the 41.4 grams per square meter, respectively. Silicon is also a significant effect on the number of pods per square meter, seed weight and seed yield. The highest grain yield in 2 mM sodium consumption to the amount of 99.7 grams per square meter.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Investigation on the effect of humic and biominic acid Foliar on yield and yield components of barley under cut irrigation condition.
Soudabeh Alinezhad JafarMasoud Sinki Mehrnaz Zarei

In order to evaluate the effects humic acid and Biomin on yield and yield components of two barley cultivars conditions water stress experiment was. conducted in the city Damghan. In this experiment was conducted a split split plot randomized complete block design with More

In order to evaluate the effects humic acid and Biomin on yield and yield components of two barley cultivars conditions water stress experiment was. conducted in the city Damghan. In this experiment was conducted a split split plot randomized complete block design with three replications. The samples were cut water treatments (control and with held  irrigation stage BBCH41) as the main plot and two varieties of barley (Kavir and Nusrat) as sub-plot and applied at four levels (control, Humax, Biomin, Humax and Biomin 50: 50) as sub-sub-plot. A result showed that the Effect of water deficit on spike, grain number per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain yield was statistical level of one percent means was significant. Effect of cultivar apart from yield traits in other traits (number per spike, grain number per spike and grain weight) in the statistical level of significance was five percent means. Comparison showed that the highest was obtained the Nusrat cultivar spraying in the treatment Humax + Biomin spike characteristics, yield treatment. The Max amount was achieved interaction of stress × cultivars × spraying showed that Nusrat the irrigation and spraying treatments humax + biomin in spike (4.36 N.o), grain number per spike (46.8 N.o), 1000 grain weight (45.06 gr) and green yield (8998.7 Kg.ha) Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - The Effect of Combined Application of Herbicides and Nitrogen-Fixing Bio-Fertilizer to Control Weeds in Corn (Zea Mays L) K.SC406
Shahla Ravangard Mohammad Nasri Farshad Sadeghi

The following study was achieved to investigating the effects of bio-fertilizers N-fixer bacteria  and Methods of controls weeds on quality and quantity characteristics Corn(Zea MaysL. Var K.S.C.406). An experiment was conducted in a Split-plot design as base of ra More

The following study was achieved to investigating the effects of bio-fertilizers N-fixer bacteria  and Methods of controls weeds on quality and quantity characteristics Corn(Zea MaysL. Var K.S.C.406). An experiment was conducted in a Split-plot design as base of randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Treatments main plat included bio-fertilizers on three levels (Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Control). And Sub plat Methods of controls weeds on Five levels (with out weeding, complete weeding, 2 lit.ha herbicides Nicosulfuron, 1.5 lit.ha herbicides Nicosulfuron, 1 lit.ha herbicides Nicosulfuron). In this study, the maximum Number of spikes per Plant (2.38N.o), grain yield (11313.1 a kg.ha-1) ,biological yield (28673.4 Kg ha-1) and Harvest Index(39.5 %) obtained from Azotobacter with complete weeding treatment had no significant difference with Azotobacter with 2 lit.ha herbicides Nicosulfuron, Azospirillum with 2 lit.ha herbicides Nicosulfuron, Azospirillum with complete weeding treatments. The highest1000 grain weight (300.9 gr), plant height (207 Cm), Stem diameter( 4.32 Cm), Ear length( 36.1 Cm) were assigned of Azospirillum with 2 lit.ha herbicides Nicosulfuron treatment had no significant difference with Azotobacter with 2 lit.ha herbicides Nicosulfuron, Azotobacter with complete weeding, Azospirillum with complete weeding treatments. On the other hand the minimum this characteristic allocated to control with with out weeding. The maximum number of weeds per square meter (14.5 N.o), Fresh weight of weeds per square meter (2.146 Kg.m2) and dry matter of weeds per square meter (0.558 kg.m2) were achieved from Azospirillum with with out weeding. And minimum this characteristics   allocated to included bio-fertilizers with 2 lit.ha herbicides Nicosulfuron. This idea necessary to more research.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Effect of weed interference and different amounts of nitrogen on yield and yield components of grain sorghum In Ahvaz condition
Narges Kosari Mani Mojaddam

In order to Effect of weed interference and different amounts of nitrogen on yield and yield components of grain sorghuma split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the 2012 crop year in Salemi Shahid farm located in Ahvaz More

In order to Effect of weed interference and different amounts of nitrogen on yield and yield components of grain sorghuma split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the 2012 crop year in Salemi Shahid farm located in Ahvaz condition carried.The main plot in this experiment was included three levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer N80, N140 and N200 Kg. ha-1 nitrogen from urea and Subplot Was included three levels of weed competition, weeding weeds until the end of grow (w1), Weeding weeds up to 6-leaf stage (w2) and Weeding the heading stage. The results showed that with the increased application of nitrogen, yield and yield components (Number of spikelet in panicle, Number of grain in spikelet, Number of grain in panicle and Weight of 1000 grains) show a significant increase. So that  the maximum grain yield of sorghum with an average of 365.69 grams per square meter to 200 kg N ha respectively. Also reduce weed interference caused significant increase in these characteristics and the maximum grain yield of weeding weeds with an average of 427.19 grams per square meter, respectively that due to a decrease in yield components, grain yield decreased.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in corn (hybrid K.S.C704)
Vagar Mirza Shahram Lak Mehran Mombeni

In order to study the Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in single cross corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was carried out using factorial method on the basis of RCBD with three replicates in Ahwaz, Iran. Experimental trea More

In order to study the Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in single cross corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was carried out using factorial method on the basis of RCBD with three replicates in Ahwaz, Iran. Experimental treatments administered included plant density on three levels (D1=65000, D2=75000 and D3=85000 plant per Hectare plant density). The second factor includes: zinc foliar application in four treatments (F0=control, non application of zinc, F1=zinc foliar application in V12 stage, F2=VT stage and F3= zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT based, on corn developmental growth stages). Results showed that plant density effects on grain yield, total dry matter, harvest index, 1000 grain weight, leaf area index and grain number in ear were significant (p= 0.01). In addition zinc foliar application effects on grain yield, total dry matter, harvest index and 1000 grain weight were significant (p= 0.05). But interaction between of plant density and zinc foliar application had not a significant effect on above character mentioned. The highest grain yield (equal to 9843.3 kg per hectore) was obtained at the density of 75000 plants with zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT. The lowest grain yield (equal to 7751.9 kg per hectare) was obtained at the density of 65000 plants with non application of zinc. The highest Biological yield (20276.07 kg per hectare) belongs to D2 with non application of zinc and the lowest rate (15960.31kg per hectare) obtained in D1 with F1 treatment. The most Grain number in ear observed in zinc foliar split application treatment in two stages of V12 and VT. Maximum of LAI belong to D2 with F3 treatment. In generally, planting of 75000 plants per Hectare and zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT, lead to the highest of LAI and harvest index in D2 treatment and finally result to the highest grain yield.   Manuscript profile

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