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Open Access Article
1 - Measurement And Evaluation Of Metropolitan Areas Of Tehran In Terms Of Diversity And Mix Of Urban Uses
Vahid BostanAhmadi majid akbari سیمین ارمغان Arash GhasempourIn recent years, mixing of land use and mixed development has become one of the important areas of research in urban studies. One of the important topics related to the mix of uses is how to measure it in urban areas. Due to the fact that in many researches, the mix of MoreIn recent years, mixing of land use and mixed development has become one of the important areas of research in urban studies. One of the important topics related to the mix of uses is how to measure it in urban areas. Due to the fact that in many researches, the mix of uses is assumed as an independent variable that affects other aspects of the urban environment, so how to measure it is very important to achieve reliable results. This research has been carried out in order to measure and evaluate the areas of Tehran metropolis in terms of diversity and mix of urban uses. This research is descriptive-analytical and practical in terms of targeting. The methods of collecting information and data are in the form of documents (municipal statistics and detailed plan). Shannon's entropy, Gray's relationship analysis, Shannon-Wiener and Simpson's dominance models were used to analyze the data and information obtained in ARC/GIS software. Region 3 ranks first with diversity index (0.496) and Simpson dominance index (0.059487). Regions 20 and 19 are ranked second and third respectively with diversity index (0.395) and (0.304) and Simpson dominance index (0.019127) and (0.007362). On the other hand, region 8 with the lowest diversity index (0.022) and Simpson dominance index (0.000006) is ranked last. It shows that 2 regions (4 and 1) are in very high condition, 2 regions (5 and 2) are in high condition, 7 regions (3, 9, 6, 22, 18, 16 and 15) are in medium condition. 5 regions (12, 11, 7, 19 and 20) are in low status and 6 regions (14, 13, 21, 10, 8, low and 17) are in very low status. Statistically, %9 of the regions are in a very high condition, %9 in a high condition, %32 in an average condition, %23 in a low condition, and %27 in a very low condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The effect of sowing date and plant density on morphological traits in advanced lines of bread wheat in Moghan region
Mehdi MehrpouyanTo study the effects of different planting dates and plant density on morphological traits of two wheat lines an experiment was performed at Moghan Agricultural Research Center in 2008. The experiment was done in split-split plot design .Four planting dates (November 6‚ MoreTo study the effects of different planting dates and plant density on morphological traits of two wheat lines an experiment was performed at Moghan Agricultural Research Center in 2008. The experiment was done in split-split plot design .Four planting dates (November 6‚ November 21‚ December 6 and December 21) were assigned to plot‚ two wheat varieties to sub plot and four seed density (300‚ 350‚400 and 450 grain per square meter) to sub subplot with three replications. The results showed that the November 6th planting with 7397 kg/h was one of the best planting times based on grain yield. There was significant difference among wheat varieties based on harvest index‚ number of spikelet‚ plat height and panicle length with the probability of %1‚and with regard to the number of grain in a panicle this difference was around %5. Regarding those features there were not significant differences between Arta and Moghan-3. Different Grain densities for grain yield‚ panicle length and number of grain in the panicle in the %5 probability were significant. Seed density of 350 per square meter was 7170 kg/m‚ panicle of 9.08 and 42.43 grain in a panicle. Also‚ the effect of planting time on grain yield‚ harvest index‚number of tillers‚ and peduncle length was significant. The correlation of variety and density on grain yield was meaning full‚ too. Third planting date‚ and second density had the best results in grain yield. Although variety was not of significant for grain yield‚ Moghan-3 had more grain yield compared to Arta. For Moghan-3 variety third planting time and for Arta the first planting time seems the best. We also made the correlation between variety density significant so that Moghan-3 variety in second density and Arta variety in third density produced the most grain yield. Finally‚ based on these experiment results it is recommended to plant Moghan-3 with 350 seed density in a square meter in the first half of November and Arta with 400 seed density in the second half of November. In this study the correlation between grain yield and fertile tiller was found to be positive but non-significant‚ with the number of spike lets negative and non-significant. So it is useful to use ideal fertile tiller varieties when we want to choose suitable planting varieties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Optimizing the formulation of functional cookie using oat flour and date liquid sugar (Kaluteh variety) and checking the technological, visual and sensory properties
Ahmad Pedram Nia Amin Fazel Mahdi Jalali Mohaddeseh Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
4 - A sociological survey about effective social factors on job satisfaction (A case study of Tehran`s railway personnel)
Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Mahdavi Tisapeh Asadi -
Open Access Article
5 - The Effect of Environmental Education on the Amount of Knowledge Level, Attitude and Behavior of Local Society to Protect the Biological Variety (Subject of Study to Reserve Dena Sphere of Living)
Parsa Arameahinia S. Mohammad Shobeiri Maryam LarijaniBackground and Objective: This research, have considered the effect of environment education on the knowledge level, attitude and behavior of local society to protect the biological variety.Method: Research method is experimental partly as a pre-test and post-test by th MoreBackground and Objective: This research, have considered the effect of environment education on the knowledge level, attitude and behavior of local society to protect the biological variety.Method: Research method is experimental partly as a pre-test and post-test by the control group. Statistical society in the research is 10628 families who are living in the place of Dena. Participants were selected by the way of voluntarily sampling and divided in to 2 groups of 30 persons randomly in testing group and control group. The people settle in to testing and control groups. This research used the researcher’s answer sheet that 15 specialized confirmed its apparent and concept and total stability of 30 questions equals to 0/9. Answer sheets were distributed among participants before and after the education and necessary description was explained about this research to them. Then, people in group of control and testing answer the questions. SPSS-21 software used to analysis the data.Findings: Results demonstrated that Environmental education on the level of awareness of local communities has an effect equal to %72 which this amount was meaningful for error level less than 0.01.The results of the second hypothesis showed that Environmental education of local communities has the effect equal to %26 on the variable of attitude, that this was meaningful at the error level less than 0.01.The results of the third hypothesis showed that effectiveness of Environmental education of local communities in Biodiversity protection (Aspect of behavior), is %32 percent.Discussion and Conclusion: Investigation of general hypothesis of research demonstrate that Environmental education has meaningful effect on the level of awareness, attitude and behavior of local communities in Biodiversity protection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Comparative Literature
S. Ja'far HamidiComparative literature _ as understood from its name _ is comparing different languages' literature and finding similarities between them. The present article has studied literatue variations which are particular in some nations but its reflection has seen in other nati MoreComparative literature _ as understood from its name _ is comparing different languages' literature and finding similarities between them. The present article has studied literatue variations which are particular in some nations but its reflection has seen in other nations. In the present article, comparative literature starts by introducing the details; literature and comparative. Then it will discuss about comparison necessity and offers an introduction about the history of the comparative literature through its advantages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Identification of soil actinomycetes and their effects in olive (Olea europea L.) variety Conservalia
Parvin Bagheri Farah Farahani soheil AghaeiObjective: Actinomycetes are useful for biocontrol against soil fungi and increase seed growth, plant weight and yield in some crops. In this study, the isolation, identification and investigation of the population of Streptomyces species in the agricultural soil of C B MoreObjective: Actinomycetes are useful for biocontrol against soil fungi and increase seed growth, plant weight and yield in some crops. In this study, the isolation, identification and investigation of the population of Streptomyces species in the agricultural soil of C Bagh Fadak area and the effect on the seed growth of olive (Olea europea L.) cultivar Conservalia were investigated. Materials and methods: In this study, actinomycetes were isolated from the soil of region C, then primary screening, culture and secondary screening were done by diffusion in agar and DNA extraction and the effect on seed growth of conservalia cultivar olives. DNA molecular identification was done for all the isolates andtheir rRNA 16s genes were amplified by PCR reaction and the positive samples were sequenced. The results of phylogenetic analyzes of all recorded sequences of this gene were downloaded from the NCBI database and saved for phylogenetic analysis with Mega 7 software in FAST A format. The whole sequence of isolating, identifying and checking the population of Streptomyces species was entered into the software. Findings: 40 actinomycete bacteria were isolated from the soil of area C of Fadak garden. By performing specific tests, Streptomyces isolates were identified. Biochemical and morphological tests (stringy and white appearance) on 5 isolates confirmed the presence of streptomycetes. By producing auxin, the isolates were effective in increasing the rooting of Conservalia cultivar olive seeds. The rooting capacity of Streptomyces isolate D was statistically significant (probability level 0.05). Conclusion: Streptomyces of agricultural soils are effective on tree rooting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Effect of different wheat cultivars on population of Rhyzopertha dominica (Col: Bostrychidae)
K. Eyidozehi S. Khormali S. Ravan A. KhaniLesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica F. is one the most important pests in Golestan province. One of the method to reduce the pest damage is using resistant cultivars. In this experiment the effect of eight cultivars and lines of wheat such as Kouhdasht, Zagros, Mor MoreLesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica F. is one the most important pests in Golestan province. One of the method to reduce the pest damage is using resistant cultivars. In this experiment the effect of eight cultivars and lines of wheat such as Kouhdasht, Zagros, Morvarid, Darya, Pastor, Line 17 and N-80-19, on number of live and dead adults and populatioin growth rate of lesser grain borer was studied. One hundred gram of wheat was placed in a crystal container and 10 adults were put on each container and kept under stored condition. Sampling was done every each 7 to 10 days intervals. Data were analyzied using SAS program in split-plot in time design. Analysis of variance showed that number of a live adults and population growth rate in wheat cultivars were significantly different (p <0.01). But no significant differece in number of dead adults. Was observed mean comparison of traits in wheat cultivars showed that Zagros variety had the highest mean of live insects (31.25), dead insects(4.25) and growth rate (00.25) was the most sensitive cultivar. Among the studied cultivars, Morvarid have the lowest mean of live insects and low population growth rate (0.01) Therefor it is the most resistant cultivar among the cultivars tested in this experiant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Application and Characteristics of Music in Amir Khusrow Dehlawi's Opinion and Poetry
Mansooreh SabetzadehThis reaserch is studing on influence and effect of music in the poetry of Amir Khusrow Dehlawi ,The famous and well known Persian poet of India. He used musical skills in his pomes very well. With 129 words and term MoreThis reaserch is studing on influence and effect of music in the poetry of Amir Khusrow Dehlawi ,The famous and well known Persian poet of India. He used musical skills in his pomes very well. With 129 words and terms such as , Certain specific(Rahavi) and general terms(oshagh) ,expression phrases and different instruments (Barbat) have been used by him in expressing general themes, such as praise and worship of the beloved and lover, the self-description of the very poet , the status of musicians and invitation to happiness and joy.Musical verses in Amir Khusrow poems Divan are amounted to 281 verses where 421 music terms and expression have been frequently repeated and his Ghazals have had the most frequencies with 245 verses. Although He is also credited with enriching Hindustani classical music by introducing Persian and elements in it ,He haven’t used Indian and turkish music terms in his poems. He had been influenced by Iranian poets and poetry music tradition and had spread the same in India. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Examining thethe effect of individual initiative and skill variety on employees's creativity with the moderating role of knowledge specificity and creative resource
Hasan Yoosefifar Yaghoob Maharati Mohammadmahdi FarahiObjective: the main objective of this study is to examine the effect of individual initiative and skill variety on creativity, with the moderating role of knowledge specificity and creative resource.Method: this study is an applied and servey research. For this purpose, MoreObjective: the main objective of this study is to examine the effect of individual initiative and skill variety on creativity, with the moderating role of knowledge specificity and creative resource.Method: this study is an applied and servey research. For this purpose, 220 staffs of bojnordmunicipal, according to the morgan table and based on random sampling were selected as case study. A questionnaire was used to collect data that its content validity assessted by the expert and its construct validity by the Confirmatory Factor Analysis. its reliability confirmed by the Cronbach's alpha. The analysis method used in this study is based on structural equation model and amos 16 software.Findings: in relation between individual initiative and skill variety with creativity, regression and p-value are 0.45 , 0.18, 3.260 and 2.014 confimed a significant positive correlation between these two variables with creativity. Results of analysis moderating didn’t confirmed the moderating role of creative resources in affecting of individual initiative on creativity and the moderating role of knowledge specificity in relationship between skill variety and creativity. But In relation between individual and creativity, creative resource (=0.387) and in realation between skill variety and creativity, knowledge specification (=-0.288) have had moderating roles.Results: the results show that individual initiative and skill variety positively affect creativity and high knowledge specificity complement the deficiency of the high skill variety, while abundant creative resources strengthen the effect of high initiative in performing creativity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - A combined Model design for developing and optimizing product platform architecture considering parameters of DFV, DFC, DFSC, and DFAv, case study: phased array radar
Masoud Merati Mahdi Karbasian Abbas Toloie Ashlaghi Hasan HalehDeveloping a robust platform architecture can give companies a competitive edge and enhance product future generations and customer satisfaction. However, in order to develop a product platform architecture, there is a need for some kind a product variety design that co MoreDeveloping a robust platform architecture can give companies a competitive edge and enhance product future generations and customer satisfaction. However, in order to develop a product platform architecture, there is a need for some kind a product variety design that concurrently manages costs and the supply chain process, and focuses on ease of use and improved availability to components. In this research, the design for variety (DFV) approach and two indices, generational variety index (GVI) and coupling index (CI) are used to measure a product architecture. Using the quality function deployment (QFD) and design structure matrix (DSM), design indices for product diversity are identified and ranked. Additionally, the design for variety approach is modeled simultaneously with the concepts of design for cost (DFC), design for availability (DFAv), and design for supply chain (DFSC) to yield a practical mathematical model for the development of the product platform architecture, which aims for product diversity, improved availability, reduced costs, and supply chain management. The case study of the current research is a phased array radar, which is optimized using the latest techniques (genetic algorithm) and MATLAB software to solve the problem. After implementing the model, considering four objectives including total cost, availability, supplier evaluation score (competency) and replaceability (variety), and seven main parameters of the model, sensitivity analysis and other comparisons and results are presented, which analyzes the relationships between objectives, the impressment and affectability of objectives and model parameters on each other. Regarding the comparison of objectives, the results generally show the inverse relationship between the total cost objective and the other objectives, and the direct relationship between the other objectives with each other. Additionally, the results of the sensitivity analysis performed indicate that the availability objective had the highest effect and replaceability (variety) and the evaluation score of suppliers (competency) and total cost also took next place. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Role of Youth on Social Interaction among Ethnic Groups in Iran (Case Study: Pre-university Students in West Azarbaijan Province)
صیاد گلشن سیف اله سیف الهی علیرضا محسنی تبریزی -
Open Access Article
13 - The effect of bio-fertilizers on yield component, yield, protein and oil in soybean (Glycine max Merrill) under different irrigation regimes
majid ghanbari Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli Parniyan Talebi-Siah SaranThe purpose of this study, Evaluation effect of Azotobacter nitrogen fixation bacteria in combination with Pseudomonas putida phosphate solubilizing bacteria on reducing the effects of irrigation water shortage on soybean cultivars under field conditions has been studie MoreThe purpose of this study, Evaluation effect of Azotobacter nitrogen fixation bacteria in combination with Pseudomonas putida phosphate solubilizing bacteria on reducing the effects of irrigation water shortage on soybean cultivars under field conditions has been studied. This research was carried out as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Tarbiat Modarres University during 2015-2016. Irrigation treatments included optimal irrigation, mild stress, moderate stress and severe stress based on 15, 30, 45 and 60 percent of available water depletion respectively from the establishment time to the end of the growth period and four levels of soybean inoculation with bacteria (control or without bacteria, inoculum with Azotobacter, inoculation with Pseudomonas putida, and inoculation with both bacteria) are considered. The results of this study showed that the main effect of irrigation regime on all traits except 1000 seed weight and the main effect of bio-fertilizer were significant except for 1000 seed weight, seed nitrogen and oil on all traits. From the test results, one can conclude that Azotobacter alone increased 17.9% seed yield, Pseudomonas putida alone increased the yield of 32.4% and the combined application of both bacteria increased the grain yield by 39.8%. In general, considering the non-insignificant effect of bio-fertilizer interaction on levels of water stress, it can be concluded that under favorable irrigation conditions and under drought conditions, the application of bio-fertilizer is effective in improving yield and yield components, protein and oil yield of soybean. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Spirantization Process in Sirjani dialect: Generative Phonology
Tahereh Ezatabadi poor Ashrafosaddat ShahidiThe purpose of this article is to identify one of the most important phonological fricative processes named spirantization in Sirjani variety based on the framework of generative phonology. For this purpose, the data have been extracted from written documents such as th MoreThe purpose of this article is to identify one of the most important phonological fricative processes named spirantization in Sirjani variety based on the framework of generative phonology. For this purpose, the data have been extracted from written documents such as the books, the glossaries, the articles, and written theses on this variety. In addition, the writers are native speakers of this variability. In this research, written sources such as dissertations, articles, and other available books in this field have also been used as literature review. Data are transcribed based on the APA and the research methodology is descriptive-analytic form. By examining the data, several types of spirantization processes have been extracted and they are investigated in this paper. The questions discussed in this study are as follows: 1. what types of phonological processes of spirantization are there in Sirjani variety? 2- How many consonants and vowels are there in Sirjani variety in comparison with standard Persian? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Analysis of Elision, Shift, Metathesis and Epenthesis in Tabasi Vernacular
Shima Jaafari Dehaghi Fatemeh GharibzadehTabasi dialect is the vernacular spoken in Tabas, one of the cities in Khorasan province, Iran. In the present article, the aim is to study some phonological processes of this variety. The data were gathered by field study and written sources. The data from field study MoreTabasi dialect is the vernacular spoken in Tabas, one of the cities in Khorasan province, Iran. In the present article, the aim is to study some phonological processes of this variety. The data were gathered by field study and written sources. The data from field study were collected via interviews with the local informants settled in Tabas. The informants age ranged between 30 to 80 years. Generally, the results showed that the process of "elision" and "assimilation", “metathesis” and “prothesis” are some of the phonological ones in this variety. Other phonological processes in this variety are mentioned as well. In Tabasi dialect, deletion of the final consonants /d/, /m/, /n/, /t/, /k/, /z/; deletion of the final vowel [y]; addition of a vowel at the beginning of a cluster consonant; changing the phonetic group [ān] and [ām] to [u(n)] and [um]; exchanging the two phonemes [āb] and [ab] and [af] and [āy] and [āv] and the compound vowel [əw] are some of the phonological processes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Investigating the weakening process in Sirjani dialect; Self-unit phonology
Sayed Farid Khalifehloo Tahereh EzzatabadipourIn autosegmental phonology, Goldsmith (1976) expanded the phonological representation from linear to non-linear in frequent languages. Due to nonlinearity and the existence of layered structure in this approach, the present study with descriptive-analytical way define a MoreIn autosegmental phonology, Goldsmith (1976) expanded the phonological representation from linear to non-linear in frequent languages. Due to nonlinearity and the existence of layered structure in this approach, the present study with descriptive-analytical way define and analyze some of the phonological processes including spirantization, assimilation,, deletion and compensatory lengthening based on the principles of autosegmental phonology, i.e. spreading and delinking (McCarthy, 1988) in Sirjani dialect. To get the end, 40 speakers with different genders, ages, educations, jobs and from multiple areas of Sirjan city were selected randomly and data were collected by using free speech recording, interviewing and available library resources about Sirjani variety; then, the collected data were transcribed by using the "APA" and the existing phonological processes were extracted and classified based on the Kul division (2007). Consequently, the analysis of the used rules in linguistic corpus was done following principles of autosegmental phonology. The results of the research showed unlike the fortition process, there are many instances of lenition process in Sirjani variation and the spreading process is realized in the form of spirantization of stop consonants and assimilation of place of articulation and voicing and the delinking process is manifested only in the form of consonant deletion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - مقایسه تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی، ارزش تغذیهای، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و قابلیت هضم ماده آلی برخی از واریتههای نخود
ت. آیسان آی. یولگر ام. کالیبر اس. ارگول اچ. اینسی د. مارت م. طغیانیاین مطالعه برای تعیین ارزش تغذیه­ای واریته­های مختلف نخود با استفاده از تکنیک تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تنوع معنی­داری از نظر ترکیبات شیمیایی، نرخ تولید گاز و انرژی قابل متابولیسم، انرژی خالص شیردهی و ماده آلی قابل هضم بین هشت واریته Moreاین مطالعه برای تعیین ارزش تغذیه­ای واریته­های مختلف نخود با استفاده از تکنیک تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تنوع معنی­داری از نظر ترکیبات شیمیایی، نرخ تولید گاز و انرژی قابل متابولیسم، انرژی خالص شیردهی و ماده آلی قابل هضم بین هشت واریته مختلف نخود وجود دارد. در واریته­های مختلف نخود، محتوای پروتئین از 26/15 تا 52/18 درصد ماده خشک، محتوای چربی خام از 14/4 تا 33/5 درصد ماده خشک، محتوای خاکستر از 69/2 تا 46/3 درصد ماده خشک متغیر بود. فیبر محلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF) و فیبر محلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADF) در واریته­های مختلف نخود به ترتیب از 46/12 تا 29/17 درصد ماده خشک و از 80/3 تا 87/4 درصد ماده خشک متغیر بوده است. تولید گاز کُل 24 ساعت واریته­ها از 67/58 تا 66/81 میلی­لیتر در هر 200 میلی­گرم ماده خشک (DM) در نوسان بوده است. محتوای انرژی قابل متابولیسم محاسبه شده (ME) و ماده آلی قابل هضم (DOM) واریته­های نخود به ترتیب در محدوده 25/10 تا 83/13 مگاژول در هر کیلوگرم ماده خشک و 69/68 تا 64/91 درصد متغیر بوده است. در نتیجه، نخود می­تواند با موفقیت در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان به کار گرفته شود. همچنین واریته­های کاگاتای و ازمیر بر مبنای ارزش غذایی­شان، بهتر از سایر واریته­های مطالعه شده بودند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - تعیین ارزش غذایی انواع سویا با استفاده از روشهای آزمایشگاهی (in vitro) و تکنیکهای تولید گاز
ت. آیسان م. بوگا م. بایلان اس. ارگول اچ. کوتای اس. نعیم سابر سی. میزرک پی. کوبوکسواین مطالعه با هدف تعیین ارزش غذایی انواع سویا با استفاده از روشهای آزمایشگاهی (in vitro) و روش تولید گاز انجام شد. تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی و تولید گاز سینتیک انواع سویا در زمانهای انکوباسیون 0 ، 3 ، 6 ، 12 ، 24 ، 48 ، 72 و 96 ساعت تعیین شد. این مطالعه نشان داد که ا Moreاین مطالعه با هدف تعیین ارزش غذایی انواع سویا با استفاده از روشهای آزمایشگاهی (in vitro) و روش تولید گاز انجام شد. تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی و تولید گاز سینتیک انواع سویا در زمانهای انکوباسیون 0 ، 3 ، 6 ، 12 ، 24 ، 48 ، 72 و 96 ساعت تعیین شد. این مطالعه نشان داد که از نظر ترکیب شیمیایی و میزان تولید گاز در بین پنج نوع مختلف سویا تغییراتی وجود دارد. مقدار پروتئین خام (CP) واریته سویا از 02/34 تا 13/37 درصد متغیر بود. میزان خاکستر دانههای سویا از 42/5 تا 59/5 درصد به دست آمد. الیاف محلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF) و الیاف محلول در شوینده اسید (ADF) به ترتیب از 4/16 تا 0/25 و 0/13 تا 60/21 درصد بود. عصاره اتری (EE) از 72/18 تا 00/21 درصد بود. نرخ تولید گاز (c) از 110/0 تا 150/0 درصد بود. بالاترین میزان تولید گاز در انواع سویا در ارقام Adasoy و Nazlıcan مشاهده شد (05/0>P). میزان انرژی متابولیسمی (ME) و قابلیت هضم ماده آلی (OMD) محتویات سویا از 053/7 تا 383/7 مگاژول/کیلوگرم در ماده خشک و 953/71 تا 320/75 درصد بود. براساس نتیجه این مطالعه، از انواع سویا می توان با موفقیت برای خوراک نشخوارکنندگان استفاده کرد. تفاوتهای قابل توجهی درCP ، NDF و ADF بین انواع مختلف سویا وجود دارد. گونههای Türksoy و Nazlıcan به دلیل داشتن پروتئین و قابلیت هضم بالاتر، برای استفاده در جیره توصیه می شوند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - کاربرد مدل پایلوت برای بهبود بهره وری آب برنج در رشت، شمال ایران
Maryam Shadpour Mohammadreza Khaledian MohammadHassan Biglouei Mojtaba Rezaeiبه­منظور واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی مدل پایلوت برای برنج در اقلیم مرطوب، مطالعه حاضر در قالب بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار روی رقم متداول محلی هاشمی در سال­های زراعی 2001، 2002، 2005، 2006 و 2007 انجام شد. پژوهش حاضر در موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور در رشت انجام شد. مقایسه مق Moreبه­منظور واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی مدل پایلوت برای برنج در اقلیم مرطوب، مطالعه حاضر در قالب بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار روی رقم متداول محلی هاشمی در سال­های زراعی 2001، 2002، 2005، 2006 و 2007 انجام شد. پژوهش حاضر در موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور در رشت انجام شد. مقایسه مقادیر اندازه­گیری شده و شبیه­سازی شده عملکرد دانه و ماده خشک براساس آماره­های کارآیی نش-ساتکلیف، ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا و ریشه میانگین مربعات خطای نرمال شده انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا برای مراحل واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی به­ترتیب 69/0 و 72/0 تن در هکتار بود. ریشه میانگین مربعات خطای نرمال شده برای مراحل واسنجی و اعتبارسنجی به­ترتیب 5/9 و 1/14 درصد بود. ریشه میانگین مربعات خطای نرمال شده برای عملکرد دانه و ماده خشک به­ترتیب 74/8 و 37/13 درصد بود. مقادیر آماره کارآیی نش-ساتکلیف بین 84/0 تا 98/0 بود. نتایج نشان داد که مدل پایلوت می­تواند برای مدیریت صحیح آب در رژیم­های مختلف آبیاری برنج به­کار رود. تجزیه و تحلیل سناریوهای مختلف مدیریتی نشان داد که بهترین رژیم آبیاری، رژیم آبیاری تناوبی با دور آبیاری هشت روز می­باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Effect of Planting Date on the Yield of Potato Cultivars in Chaypareh Region
حسين قاسميIn order to evaluate the effects of planting date and variety on the yield and yield components of potato, an experiment was conducted in Chaypareh region of Khoy in 2008. It was used in factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicati MoreIn order to evaluate the effects of planting date and variety on the yield and yield components of potato, an experiment was conducted in Chaypareh region of Khoy in 2008. It was used in factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors; the first one , planting date in four levels ( March 5th , April5th , May 5th, and June 5th ); and the second variety in three levels ( Marfona , Agria , and Moren ) were considered. The results showed that the effects of planting date and variety on plant height, number of leaves and branches per plant, number of tuber per plant and their sizes were significant. The maximum tuber yield ( 33.13 ton/ha ) was obtained from planting date of March 5th with Moren variety and Marfona ( 33.13 ton/ha ) with planting date April5th, did not have significant difference. Therefore, Moren Variety due to long growing season and high costs are not suitable , on the other hand, Marfona variety with planting date in April 5th is recommended for Chaypareh region of Khoy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Effect of shoot application of Salicylic acid on some growth parameres and yield of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under water stress
Afsoon Tayebi Farhad Farahvash Bahram Mirshekari Alireza Tari-nejad Mehrdad YarniaIn order to evaluate the effect of salycilic acid on some reproductive and yield of safflower under drought stress an experiment was conducted in 2015 at research farm of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz in form of split plot based on randomized complete block design w MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of salycilic acid on some reproductive and yield of safflower under drought stress an experiment was conducted in 2015 at research farm of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz in form of split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factor included water stress (S) at two levels of evaporation (70 and 140 mm) from the surface of Class A basin. Post-establishment irrigation (the 4 leaves stage) was applied until the physiological maturity figures were obtained. The first sub-factor included salicylic acid in 3 control levels (distilled water spraying), spraying with concentrations of 100 and 200 mg per liter. The second sub-factor included local safflower of Isfahan and the Isfahan (Goldasht) cultivars. In general, the results showed that although in drought conditions negative effect on grain yield with consuming salycilic acid decreased, but the use of small amounts (concentration of 100 mg/ l) can be somewhat alleviated the negative effects of stress on plant growth. As for interactions, the interaction between water stress and variety on number of branches, numbers of seeds per plant and seed yield were significant. The.highest number of brances, number of seed in plant and seed yield obtained from 70 mm irrigation and glodasht. Therefore, this variety had better and more effective defence system than the local variety and was tolrerance to drought stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - The Effect of Density on Morphological Indices, Yield and Poretin Content in Four Grain Sorghum Varieties
hamed javadiIn order to study the effect of density on morphological indices, yield and poretin content in four grain sorghum varieties an experiment was conducted in a compeletely randomized block design with factorial arrangement and 3 replications in Experimental Field of Birjan MoreIn order to study the effect of density on morphological indices, yield and poretin content in four grain sorghum varieties an experiment was conducted in a compeletely randomized block design with factorial arrangement and 3 replications in Experimental Field of Birjand Azad University at 2012 .Four varieties including “Sepideh, Saravan local, Payam and Kimia” and 3 density including 100000 , 180000 and 260000 plant/ha were the subject of the experiment.The results showed that (a) the highest height , number of node and main branch number per panicle were observed in Saravan local variety ,(b) the highest diameter of stem , length of peduncle, diameter of peduncle and flag leaf area were observed in kimia varity ,(c) the highest tiller number and length of internode were in payam varity and (d) the highest panicle lenght were obsereved in Sepideh . Varieties were significantly different for grain yield and protein percentage, the highest grain yield in Saravan local varirty and the highest protein percentage communally in Payam and Kimia varieties were observed. Characteristics such as diameter of stem , length of panicle , main branch numbers per panicle , length of peduncle and diameter of peduncle were affected by density . Increase of density cause to increase of grain yield but were not affected density protein percentage. According to the results in order to obtain the maximum of grain yield we can plant Saravan local variety at density of 260000 plant/ha Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Efficacy of some sulfonylurea herbicides for weed control of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Sarakhs province
seyed Hossein Hosseini Kia javad momeni damaneh Mohammad Hasan Hadizadeh Mohammad Bazobandi Kamal Hajmohammadnia GhalibafIn order to evaluate the performance of sulfonylurea herbicides on weeds control of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Pishgam) in Sarakhs (N.E of Iran), an experiment was performed as randomized complete block design with seven treatments and four replications in 2013. T MoreIn order to evaluate the performance of sulfonylurea herbicides on weeds control of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Pishgam) in Sarakhs (N.E of Iran), an experiment was performed as randomized complete block design with seven treatments and four replications in 2013. Treatments were: five herbicides of sulfonylurea included as Apyros 75% WG (sulfosulfuron), Atlantis 1.2% OD (mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron + mefenpyre diethyl), Lentour 70% WG (triasulfuron + dicamba), Logran Extra 64% WG (triasulfuron + terbutryn), and Total 75% WG (metsulfuron + sulfosulfuron) in addition two check treatments as weed free and weed infested. Herbicides were applied post emergence at the 4-5 leaf stage of wheat. The results showed significant control of all sulfonylureas on weed as Total 92% (highest) and Logran Extra 50% (lowest) decreased total dry weight of weed compared to the check of weed infested. The corresponding values for Lentour, Atlantis, and Apyros were 74, 71 and 59 percent, respectively. There was no apparent the persistence damage of herbicides on wheat, and all herbicides increased wheat yield compared to the check of weed infested, that was due to its success in weed control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Effect of different fertilizer sources (chemical and biological) on yield and yield components and some agronomic traits of two varieties of garlic (Allium sativum)
Zahra Rashki Ghal'e no Ahmad Mehraban Hmaidreza FanaeiIn order to study the Effect of different fertilizer sources (Chemical and biological) on yield and yield components and some agronomic traits of two varieties of garlic (Allium sativum) an experiment as spilt plot in randomized complete block design with three replicat MoreIn order to study the Effect of different fertilizer sources (Chemical and biological) on yield and yield components and some agronomic traits of two varieties of garlic (Allium sativum) an experiment as spilt plot in randomized complete block design with three replications has been conducted in the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station of Zehak in 2014. Different fertilizer sources was in 7 levels include (Nitroxin, nitrokara, fertilizer phosphate 2, chemical fertilizer NPK, chemical fertilizer+ nitroxin, chemical fertilizer+ nitrokara, chemical fertilizer+ fertilizer phosphate 2) as the main factor and two varieties of garlic include hamedani and chines as the subordinate factor. The result showed that different fertilizer sources was significant effect on plant height, steam diameter, garlic yield, garlic diameter and number of clove. So that, the result showed that varieties was significant effect on plant height, garlic yield, garlic weight, number of clove, clove diameter and clove weight. Such that, means comparison of fertilizer effect showed that highest plant height (50.16 cm) and garlic yield (8350.7 kg.ha-1) was obtained from chemical fertilizer+ nitroxin (F5) treatment and in other hand lowest plant height (30.50 cm) and garlic yield (6636 kg.ha-1) was obtained from chemical fertilizer NPK (F4) treatment. In addition, means comparison of varieties showed that highest plant height (43.52 cm) and garlic yield (8342.3 kg.ha-1) was obtained from var. hamedani (V2) treatment and in other hand lowest plant height (39.90 cm) and garlic yield (6949.4 kg.ha-1) was obtained from var. chines (V1) treatment, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Effect of Growing Media on the Vegetative Growth Process of F1 and F2 Tomato Varieties
ZIBA KAZEMI ABOLGHASEM HASANPOOR -
Open Access Article
26 - The Effects of Different Levels of Salinity on Varieties of Mung Seed Germination in Pot Condition
MOHSEN SAYYAHI HASSAN ALIREZA SHOKUHFAR -
Open Access Article
27 - The study planting date effects on yield and components yield of varieties sunflower area in Rudab Bam
S. Haerei Nejhad H. Madani S. Sadeghzadeh In order study the best planting date in the yeield and yield components of four varieties of sun flower, in the roodobthat is one of the suburbs belonging to bam in a personal and private farm in the agricultural year 87- 88. The ex More In order study the best planting date in the yeield and yield components of four varieties of sun flower, in the roodobthat is one of the suburbs belonging to bam in a personal and private farm in the agricultural year 87- 88. The experiment was performed using split plot arranged complete randomized block design with two dactors of planting date including (T1 = 87/12/15) (T2 =87/12/28) (T3 =88/1/15) and uriaty (azargole, record, zarya and mehr). That was repeated for three times. The distance of rows was concider as 50 centimeters and the distance of bushes was 25 centimeters for all plot and ouso the density of bush in hektar was considered as the amount of 80000 in a fixed way. The measured traits contained of the yield of seed, the weight of thousand seed. The height of plant, the number of seed in plate, head diameter, the number of leaf in plant, the diameter and thicleness of main stem, the yield and function of seed in a single bush, and the yield of seed in the unit of surface. The result and effect of planting date on all the measured traits except the head diameter got significant so that the yield of seed in the first planting date.With the omount of 4444 kilogram/ hektar got the most yield and function of seed and the third planting date because of confronting with high temprature and as a result the hollownessof seed with the weight of 4132 kilogram/ hektar got the least yield of seed.The effect of variety on all trouts wich are being studied except the weight of thousand seed and the number of lead in plant in the level of possibility I persent got significant.The variety of the hybrid in azargol with the yield of seed in the amount of 4610 kilogram/hektar had the best yield and function. The reciprocal effects between planting date and variety with the exceotion of weight of thousand seed was a significant statistics on all traits in the level of possibility. So that the careness combination of the third planting date and the variety of azargol had the best seed yield.The seed yield and function showed a positive correlation with the height of plant, the number of seed per head, head diameter, the main stem thickness and diameter, yield and function in a single bush, yield and function in m2 and on the other hand it showed a negative correlation with the weight of thousand seed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The effect of mini-tuber size and chemical treatments on breaking seed dormancy of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
marjaneh Mansur Reza Zarghami Mehrdad Chaichi Mohsen PourahmadiSeed dormancy is one of the important problems among potato minitubers. It decreases the germination percentage by rotting the tubers. To overcome this problem an experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Institute of Hamedan in 2012-2013. The experiments were c MoreSeed dormancy is one of the important problems among potato minitubers. It decreases the germination percentage by rotting the tubers. To overcome this problem an experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Institute of Hamedan in 2012-2013. The experiments were carried out in factorial randomized complete design with two different treatments, the weight of minituber in three levels (1-3 g, 3-5 g and 5-10 g) and chemical treatments in seven levels (no treatment, 150 ppm gibberellic acid in 1 h, 300 ppm gibberellic acid in 1 h, 1% thiourea in 1 h, 0.5% thiourea in 1 h, 45 ml.m-3 carbon disulfide in 24 h, 45 ml.m-3 carbon disulfide in 48 h) with three replications per treatment. The Sante variety was tested for minituber size. After seed dormancy breakage, the days to germination, number of sprouts per minitubers and the sprout diameter were studied and then the mini-tubers were grown in pots. After tuber collection (harvesting), the number of tuber per plant, tuber weight and the total weight of all tubers were measured. We observed the highest stem diameter in 5 – 10 g tubers and the lowest sprout length in 1-3 g tubers. Also, among different breaking seed dormancy treatments, the 45 ml carbon disulfide in 48 h showed the significant increase in sprout length compare to the 45 ml carbon disulfide in 24 h which resulted the highest tuber size and weight. The gibberellic acid (300 ppm) treatment showed the highest number of tubers. The interaction study among treatments showed that, the 45 ml carbon disulfide in 48 h produced tubers with different size and they were high in weight compare to the others. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Study of biochemical diversity between landraces of Allium sativum in different regions of Hamadan province
Leila Akbari Mehdi KakaeiThis research aimed to determine the diversity and identify some biochemical parameters among different garlic cultivars. A factorial experiment with a completely randomized design and three replications was carried out in the central laboratory of Razi University in 20 MoreThis research aimed to determine the diversity and identify some biochemical parameters among different garlic cultivars. A factorial experiment with a completely randomized design and three replications was carried out in the central laboratory of Razi University in 2024 to group six ecotypes from different parts of Hamedan province based on their place of growth and determine their biochemical traits. The results of variance analysis of the studied traits showed a significant difference between the ecotypes in the traits of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, soluble sugar, flavonoid, and the two leaf and seed samples. The results of examining the interaction effect of ecotype in the samples indicated the significance of the total phenol content index among ecotypes. The ecotypes were grouped based on the cluster diagram and decomposition into main components, and they were placed in similar groups in terms of their biochemical traits. Considering the geographical conditions of the samples and their presence in the same geographic latitudes, the difference between the samples may be attributed to the difference between the genotypes of the ecotypes. There was a positive and significant correlation between chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll. There was also a positive and significant correlation between phenol and flavonoid content. Based on the traits studied, Asad-abad and then Bahar-2 ecotypes can be introduced as desirable examples in clinical studies and can also be used for breeding programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Sexual variety seeking based on early maladaptive schemas, parenting styles and moods
Hussein Rezaeian Bilondī Nader Monirpour Hamid Reza HasanabadiSexual variety seeking is a sexual behavior that is characterized by the preoccupation with multiple sexual relationships and, in behavioral domains with the attempt to establish sexual relationships with new people and in different forms. The aim of this study is to pr MoreSexual variety seeking is a sexual behavior that is characterized by the preoccupation with multiple sexual relationships and, in behavioral domains with the attempt to establish sexual relationships with new people and in different forms. The aim of this study is to provide a structural model to explain the sexual variety seeking based on early maladaptive schemas, parenting styles and moods. In this study, 422 married men from the community of theologians and students of Qom were selected through random sampling method and tested for sexual variety seeking, temperament, early maladaptive schemas, and parenting styles. The results of exploratory, confirmatory and modeling factor analysis of structural equation indicated that early maladaptive schemas (43 percent), paternal parenting styles directly (32%) and indirectly (9%) account for sexual variety seeking. Maternal parenting styles and moods indirectly (respectively 13% and 19%) and through the early maladaptive schemas explain sexual variety seeking. In general, it seems that early maladaptive schemas play an important role in explaining sexual variety seeking. Manuscript profile
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