The society of Nāsir al-dīn Shāh Period experienced the most quarrels, riots and religious conflicts. Some of those religious conflicts were the continuation of previous traditions and some included new and disruptive ideas. In the present article with a descriptive-ana
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The society of Nāsir al-dīn Shāh Period experienced the most quarrels, riots and religious conflicts. Some of those religious conflicts were the continuation of previous traditions and some included new and disruptive ideas. In the present article with a descriptive-analytical method, attempt to answer this question that what was the religious structure of the Iranian society during Naser al-din Shah era and why did it lead to conflicts and group protests in the cities of Iran? The findings of the research indicate that the religious conflicts of the that period can be analyzed in three separate ways on the basis of historical and social contexts and processes; The ongoing conflict between the Heidaris and the Nematis in some Iranian cities, which were used by rulers and other power agents to achieve their goals, religious conflicts between Muslims and religious minorities such as Zoroastrian and Jews, who was influenced by the religious atmosphere of the society and the religious prejudices of the Shiites. These types of conflicts remained in the same local area. The government and local rulers took action to end them in order to prevent the continuation of those conflicts, but the third type of religious conflicts of the era had a different nature and it can be referred to as a religious protest that was formed against the official religion of Iran and the government. Although this protest started before the beginning of the Naser al-din shah reign and affected the intellectual and political atmosphere of some cities, it challenged the religious foundations of the society and the legitimacy of the Qajar rule. Therefore, it was suppressed by the persuasion of Shia’a scholars and the actions of the central government.
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