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Open Access Article
1 - Spatial measurement and analysis of urban poverty distribution in the cities of Middle East (Case study: Bonab city)
vahid boostan ahmadi maryam hajipour nafiseh marsosi mohammad vahabipoverty is a multidimensional phenomenon and is affected by many factors. In this context, the most important task of geographers and urban planners is to use tools to identify the extent of poverty in the city to reduce the problems and consequences of this social and Morepoverty is a multidimensional phenomenon and is affected by many factors. In this context, the most important task of geographers and urban planners is to use tools to identify the extent of poverty in the city to reduce the problems and consequences of this social and spatial damage.The purpose of this article is to analyze the spatial distribution of urban poverty in Benab neighborhoods with the approach of reducing urban poverty and preventing its cycle from reproducing in deprived neighborhoods. In terms of purpose, this article is a practical approach and in terms of research method, it is descriptive-analytical. The data collection tool for investigating urban poverty indicators is in the form of four general selected indicators and 30 sub-indices. The findings of the research show that the indicators of urban poverty in the urban areas of Benab are not distributed in a balanced way and there is a huge difference between these areas in terms of development. Neighborhood 2 with a score of 0.700 and neighborhoods 13 and 11 with a score of 0.291 and 0.251 are placed at the highest and lowest levels, respectively. In general, it can be seen that among the thirteen neighborhoods of Benab city, 0.15 are very poor, 0.39 are poor, 0.23 are average, 0.15 are prosperous and 0.8 are very prosperous. In order to reduce urban poverty, first of all, it is necessary to know it correctly, accurately measure it, and analyze it in a documented and realistic way. The procedure and practice of planning and poverty reduction programs today, both at the scientific level and at the practical level, are based on decentralization, a bottom-up perspective, the use of local knowledge, empowering citizens, and cooperative planning by maintaining a balance between the three The main actor means the civil society, the government and the private sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Spatial Transformation of Apartment-Type Housing Buildings (Case S tudy: Gaziantep, Turkey)
Yurdagul Gurucu M. Serhat Yenice -
Open Access Article
3 - Evaluate and analyze the social dimensions of marginalization in metropolises (Case Study: Shiraz marginal neighborhoods)
میثم رضایی رسول بلاغی علی شمس الدینی فاطمه شاعر سعید ماندنیOne of the problems that most cities of the world today involve the emergence and formation of the slum. Marginalization of the factors threatening the quality of life and social balance in towns considered disruptive. This phenomenon is one of the most important factor MoreOne of the problems that most cities of the world today involve the emergence and formation of the slum. Marginalization of the factors threatening the quality of life and social balance in towns considered disruptive. This phenomenon is one of the most important factors threatening the people in public spaces, fear or insecurity in places and urban spaces and vitality and health in daily life disrupted. By creating an obstacle to cultural development and public participation, high costs it imposes on society. Due to the extent of urbanization and the spread of suburbia in the cities studied this issue, its influencing factors and strategies for strengthening the feeling of social development and social security in the cities has become a necessity. Methods In this descriptive study, analysis and information gathered through extensive literature survey and questionnaire and SPSS software using Arc GIS data has been analyzed. The results indicate that the social balance, social security and the spread of suburbia inverse relationship exists and is increasing the number of marginalized social status will be more unbalanced. According to the results of research appropriate ways to improve the quality of life in marginalized areas Shiraz is presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Spatial analysis of population and municipal services with the approach of spatial justice Case Study: the city Khorramabad
علی شماعی سمیه تیموری حسین بهرامیThe purpose of this study, "Analysis of the spatial distribution of population and municipal services in the areas of Khorramabad" is. Based on this study, the distribution of municipal services tailored to the needs of the population in 23 urban areas in Khorramabad de MoreThe purpose of this study, "Analysis of the spatial distribution of population and municipal services in the areas of Khorramabad" is. Based on this study, the distribution of municipal services tailored to the needs of the population in 23 urban areas in Khorramabad deals. The research, analytical and utilizes the model vikor, AHP, GIS map based on field data and documents. Based on the results of 10 city services 2 area index score, 5 score and the rest of the half area is unbalanced. To study the dispersion of population and municipal services Spearman correlation coefficient calculated the coefficient obtained (0/062), which show that distribution utilities with the population density is uneven. Social justice as well as to assess the three criteria of justice in the city of David Harvey indicated that the criteria has not been met in order to achieve social justice and the environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Analysis of distribution of population and services in Ahwaz by Hybrid models
علی اصغر عبدالهی مجتی سلیمانی دامنهThis study analyzes the spatial distribution of population among districts in Ahvaz by ranking them. The research way is descriptive analytical models and taxonomy, SAR, SAW, entropy , Kapland and borad index is used. The population is eight area of Ahwaz metropolitan. MoreThis study analyzes the spatial distribution of population among districts in Ahvaz by ranking them. The research way is descriptive analytical models and taxonomy, SAR, SAW, entropy , Kapland and borad index is used. The population is eight area of Ahwaz metropolitan. Ahvaz city, according to latest census of 1390 the population was 1112668 and intern of distribution and access to municipal services, population growth is not appropriate. The correlation coefficient obtained with a value of 0.619 indicates that the distribution and population density in the city of Ahwaz, there is a weak relationship. Combining the results of the model show in 1 area looks increase in population and in region 6,7 and 8 in order to increase the level of coordination between the needs of the population and service so we can say with a balance distribution of service across metropolitan areas in Ahwaz according to the needs of population can reach a balance in urban areas. Therefore, the relationship between the distribution of the population and services in eight districts in Ahwaz to achieve sustainability and social justice seems necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - An Spatial Analysis Distrbution of public Services and relationship to urbandevelopment in Ilam
sadegh syd beyghi rahim sarvar abdolreza farajiradthe distribution utilities should be such That provide social justice in different areas of the Ilam city, this case study (14-field areas of the city of Ilam in 8 type utilities) has been investigated.In recent research assumptions upon which of the indicators of socia Morethe distribution utilities should be such That provide social justice in different areas of the Ilam city, this case study (14-field areas of the city of Ilam in 8 type utilities) has been investigated.In recent research assumptions upon which of the indicators of social, economic and cultural disparities between regions, 14 wings, there is a remarkable fact about direct away distribution utilities and has a population distribution.. results of this study show that the distribution of public services assessment develop quantitative models of different areas, the areas 13, 10, 9, 4, 3, and at higher levels are more developed.The areas 12, 11, 8, 6 and 5 in the semi-developed or are moderate. Thus, areas 14, 7, 2 and 1 very little development and few facilities have.Despite the inequalities resulting from the lack of equitable distribution of facilities and utilities, the lack of social justice in the city of Ilam in distribution Public Utilities has.The findings of this study is consistent with the view that Giddens moderate intellectual inequality of urban services and facilities are the main cause lack of social justice in the distribution of urban public services as Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The analysis of heat stress in the 22 districts of Tehran using spatial Hot Spot pattern and cluster analysis
Farzaneh Afzalinia Hossein Mohammadi Manouchehr FarajzadehaslThe aim of this paper is to analytically investigate the autocorrelation pattern and cluster analysis of the heat stress on the Tehran habitants. The MATLAB software has been used in relating to Hot Spot. The results on the effects of heat stress based on spatial autoco MoreThe aim of this paper is to analytically investigate the autocorrelation pattern and cluster analysis of the heat stress on the Tehran habitants. The MATLAB software has been used in relating to Hot Spot. The results on the effects of heat stress based on spatial autocorrelation pattern show that heat stress had a greater effect on the mental health of the residents in central, eastern and northeastern districts. While this had a lesser effect in the southern and western districts. There was a greater physical effects of heat stress on livelihood of residents in the central, southern, northern and northwestern. This show a significantly less effects for residents in the western and northeastern residents. The results also indicated that based on cluster analysis of heat stress has been affected on cardio pulmonary disease and cramps, calm of soul and spirit and fatigue, dizziness, heatstroke and decreased activity and increased transpiration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Spatial zoning of urban poverty in Baqershahr
homira nadim hosein hataminejad Ali NourikermaniPoverty has become a pervasive phenomenon around metropolitan areas. Meanwhile, Baqershahr is one of the urban areas around Tehran that has grown rapidly and unsystematically. Its population has more than increased 34 times in the last fifty years. Accordingly, the purp MorePoverty has become a pervasive phenomenon around metropolitan areas. Meanwhile, Baqershahr is one of the urban areas around Tehran that has grown rapidly and unsystematically. Its population has more than increased 34 times in the last fifty years. Accordingly, the purpose of present research is determination of urban poverty zones in this city is for planning managers and policy makers to organize and empower them. This research is an applied one and its method is descriptive-analytical. Factor analysis was used to data analysis. GIS software has been used to maps preparation. Using GIS software and factor analysis model, have been identified poverty zones in Baqershahr. Finding of research has showed that blocks 146 (%53.5) were very poor, blocks 82 (%30) of average, blocks 44 (%16.1) of very prosperous, and block 1(%4) of very prosperous. Resault has showed that the city is mainly dominated by the poor and very poor. So that poverty has penetrated into all the cells of the city and has found a spatial objectivity. The western part of the city has completely become the residence of the poor and very poor. Also in the northeast of the city, the housing of the poor is clearly seen. In fact, more than 50% of urban blocks are allocated to the very poor. Only a limited part of the central and northern part of the city is dedicated to the middle and affluent class. The highest concentration of poverty is concentrated in the area around Qom Road, Imam Khomeini Square, Ayatollah Kashani Street and lower areas of Shahr Sang. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Spatial Analysis of Pedestrian Accidents in District 5 of Tehran
Mohammad Sadegh Shahgholi Bahman KaregarThis study presents an approach that uses kernel density function algorithm and spatial autocorrelation analysis in an integrated way to facilitate the identification of accident prone areas and simultaneously evaluate the statistical significance of dense clusters. For MoreThis study presents an approach that uses kernel density function algorithm and spatial autocorrelation analysis in an integrated way to facilitate the identification of accident prone areas and simultaneously evaluate the statistical significance of dense clusters. For this purpose, at first, data related to pedestrian accidents from 1995 to 1999 in District 5 of Tehran city were extracted from accident maps and their geographic coordinates were recorded in the GIS environment. Incident points were identified using KDE algorithm based on geographic information system. Then, hot clusters were evaluated for statistical significance using nearest neighbor, global Moran's and general G statistics. Finally, Anselin's local Moran's index was used to show the statistical distribution of phenomena in space and to analyze clusters and non-clusters. In general, the results of spatial statistics indicate strong clustering and the formation of clusters with a high density of accidents next to each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Spatial analysis and explain the location model of vulnerable land uses in the face of abnormal crises (Case study: Mashhad)
Mohammad Reza Akhavan Abdollahian Seyed Moslem Seyedalhoseni toktam hanaee fatemeh mohammadniay gharaeiAs human knowledge advances in various fields, the probability of their vulnerability to natural and man-made crises has increased significantly.One of the important issues from the perspective of crisis management is to identify suitable places for deploying vulnerable MoreAs human knowledge advances in various fields, the probability of their vulnerability to natural and man-made crises has increased significantly.One of the important issues from the perspective of crisis management is to identify suitable places for deploying vulnerable uses in order to provide quick assistance in times of crisis.The present article seeks to locate these uses based on efficient criteria in the city of Mashhad.The method of the present study is descriptive and location and is applied in terms of purpose. Gathering information from library sources and published documents and statistics.Numerous criteria were determined using the opinion of experts and determining the degree of importance of criteria and sub-criteria and prioritizing vulnerable users was done with the help of confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical analysis and related software.Based on the combination of different layers of information, it was possible to determine the degree of vulnerability. Therefore, based on the analysis, some vulnerable areas are not in a good position in terms of criteria. A suitable model was proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Assessment of social well being indices in Iran for Urban and Regional Planning
mahmood akbari mehran akbariNowadays different countries of the world have serious and urgent problems in many social and environmental issues and sustainable development; achieving sustainable development is the goal of every society and attention to welfare and well - being in society is the mos MoreNowadays different countries of the world have serious and urgent problems in many social and environmental issues and sustainable development; achieving sustainable development is the goal of every society and attention to welfare and well - being in society is the most effective means to achieve sustainable development. The aim of this study is to investigate the spatial analysis of welfare and social security indices in Iran using multi - criteria decision making technique of CoCoso. The findings show that in the first strategy (Ka), Tehran province with a score (0.042), Khorasan Razavi province with a score (0.041) and east Azerbaijan province have the highest scores in this strategy. In second strategy (Kb) Tehran province with a score (17.55) Khorasan Razavi province with a score (14.734) and Isfahan province with a score (13.104) they have the highest scores in the second strategy. In the third strategy (Kc) Tehran province with a score (1), Khorasan Razavi province (0.981) and East Azerbaijan scored the highest score by scoring (0.938). In the 22 provinces in the medium and deprived state, improving the welfare and Well-being indices in these areas requires special attention of decision makers and decision - makers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Optimal spatial management using of fuzzy membership and overlaying functions and AHP model in GIS environment to clinics and hospitals site selection in Bandar Abbas
Jafari Fatemeh Ali Akbar Jamali Seyed Ali AlmodaresiIntrudoction and aim: In most cities, the lack of appropriate space allocation and optimal allocation of city services, especially clinics (hospitals) and the number of factors affecting the positioning of these centers, increasing urban problems and citizens to follow. MoreIntrudoction and aim: In most cities, the lack of appropriate space allocation and optimal allocation of city services, especially clinics (hospitals) and the number of factors affecting the positioning of these centers, increasing urban problems and citizens to follow. Therefore, this necessitates the use of effective methods and computer systems to optimize the positioning of these centers is increasingly apparent. The aim of this research is using fuzzy techniques and a comparison of the GIS to locate hospitals of Bandar Abbas has been optimized. Research Methodology: Using GIS capabilities and data analysis using Fuzzy Model for Optimal Positioning urban spaces to build hospitals in the city. Next the fuzzy membership small, large factors was performed. To weight the criteria are fuzzy, AHP method was performed. 30 questionnaires completed by architect experts and the weight of each of the layers was calculated. Finally, the overlaying layers to the overlap of fuzzy gamma 0.9, was used to analyze it. Results: Optimal sites to build new hospitals were identified on the map. By analyzing the decision and taking into account other aspects of a place in the semi-structural issues of the proposed locations was selected five place. Conclusion: It was found that the land use is suitable for construction of new hospitals. The land in areas with high population density and close to population centers, green spaces and main streets and away from existing health centers Vaqand the multi-criteria fuzzy technology is a powerful tool for urban management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Projection and Spatial Analysis of Agroclimatic Indices in Ghezel Ozan River Basin during the Growing Season
Amin Sadeqi Yagob Dinpashoh Mahdi ZarghamiAccurate planning for adaptation to climate change is very important in each region. In this study, using the meteorological data of the six synoptic stations in the Ghezel Ozan basin in the period 1989-2016, and by employing the four GCM models, under the two scenarios MoreAccurate planning for adaptation to climate change is very important in each region. In this study, using the meteorological data of the six synoptic stations in the Ghezel Ozan basin in the period 1989-2016, and by employing the four GCM models, under the two scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, data were generated for the horizons 2050. Then, some parameters such as the air temperature, precipitation, potential evapotranspiration (ET0), precipitation deficit (PD) during the growing season, dryness intensity were calculated. ET0 was calculated by Pristeley-Taylor (PT) and Penman-Monteith (PM) methods. Then, ET0 obtained from the PT method was calibrated using four Artificial Intelligence methods (namely Eureqa Formulize, ANN, ANFIS and SVM) with PM method for each station. For spatial analysis, three geostatistical methods namely IDW, Kriging, and Cokriging were utilized. The results indicated an increase of 0.9 - 2 ºC in mean air temperature and an increase in precipitation between 27 and 49 mm will be experienced in the future period. Furthermore, ET0 and dryness intensity will be increased at all the stations. The increase in average PD (in the whole basin) will be about 6% to 9%. In average, the rate of increase in agroclimatic indices in the RCP8.5 scenario will be about four percent more than the RCP4.5 scenario. Among the methods of interpolation, the modified Cokriging based on DEM (Digital Elevation Model) showed the more suitable one among others. The length of the growing season will be elongated from 15 to 35 days. No significant changes will be occurred for dryness period. The spatial variation of future climate variables is expected to be not changed comparing the base period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Spatial Analysis of Contamination in the Arvand River Using GIS
Nasrin Abdolkhanian Heeva Elmizadeh Ali Dadolahi Sohrab Ahmad Savari Mohammad FayazMohammadiBackground and Objectives: Arvand River is a vast river in the southwest and on the border of Iran and Iraq, which is threatened by a variety of pollutants such as industrial effluents, fertilizers, chemical toxins and municipal wastewater that have adverse effects on t MoreBackground and Objectives: Arvand River is a vast river in the southwest and on the border of Iran and Iraq, which is threatened by a variety of pollutants such as industrial effluents, fertilizers, chemical toxins and municipal wastewater that have adverse effects on the environment and ecosystem. The purpose of this study is spatial analysis of pollution changes in Arvand River using GIS. Method: In this research, pollution distribution modeling using GIS in Arvandrud river has been used using three-dimensional and hydrodynamic model of Coherence. The continuity equation, Navira-Stokes equations in three dimensions and salinity and temperature transfer equations are solved by separation method. The applied boundary conditions include temperature, salinity and discharge changes for the open river boundary and temperature and salinity changes and the application of tidal components O1, S2, M2 and K1 for the open sea boundary are used in the model. Findings: We call the outputs of the Coherence model, which are in NetCDF format, in the GIS environment, then georeferences the contamination of a specific time (tidal mode), and finally classifies it in the GIS environment. Discussion and Conclusion: In this regard, the changes in the pollution of the taxonomic river and the Arvand River are classified on a scale of 1 to 5, with rank 1 indicating the lowest degree of pollution and rank 5 indicating the highest degree of pollution. According to the percentage of area covered by pollution in different stations, it was observed that the highest level of pollution in the first station in the mode of mode and low water with a value of 32.27%, in the second station in the state of low tide with a value of 32.87% And in the third station, it is 28.48% in fashionable and watery mode. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Modeling and Spatio -Temporal Analysis of the Distribution of Particulate Matter in Tehran City Based on Spatial Analysis in GIS Enviroment
samira zakeri KIA Hossein Aghamohammadi saeid behzadi zahra aziziIntroduction and objective:Recently, pollutant particles, in particular suspended particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 microns, have been the most common pollutant in Tehran. One of the most important processes to solve the problem of suspended particles is to obt MoreIntroduction and objective:Recently, pollutant particles, in particular suspended particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 microns, have been the most common pollutant in Tehran. One of the most important processes to solve the problem of suspended particles is to obtain appropriate information on the distribution of these pollutants at different time periods. The goal of this study is to propose a spatial approach for modeling and analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution of suspended particles based on GIS analyzes.Materials and Methods:At first step, PM 2.5 and PM 10 pollutants was collected from Tehran Air Quality Control Company. Then, the accuracy of different interpolation methods was evaluated. Finally, the IDW method was selected as the best interpolation method for plotting the concentration of these pollutants in TehranResult: Daily, Monthly average and annual average concentrations map were prepared according to the daily data of these pollutants in the years 93 and 94. As a result, spatial and temporal analysis of distribution of PM 2.5 and PM 10 contaminants in Tehran was madeDiscussion and conculation: According to the performed study, it can be said that the highest concentration of PM10 pollutants is found in the southwest of the city and the highest concentration of PM 2.5 pollutants is found in Shahr-e-Ray and central part of the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Analysis and Modeling of the Spatial Distribution of Respiratory Diseases Associated with Environmental Factors Case Study: Kurdistan Province
abdolah faraji Mohamad kamangar firozeh ghaderiBackground and Objective: Human physical and mental health greatly depends on the climatic conditions of its bio-location. Identifying environmental factors creating or exacerbating diseases can be useful in optimizing decision making for prevention and control. The pur MoreBackground and Objective: Human physical and mental health greatly depends on the climatic conditions of its bio-location. Identifying environmental factors creating or exacerbating diseases can be useful in optimizing decision making for prevention and control. The purpose of this study is to determine the spatial resolution of respiratory diseases and its relation with environmental factors in order to understand spatial distribution, cluster discovery and spatial prediction modeling. Method: The population of patients with respiratory diseases referred to the medical centers and the study area of Kurdistan province between 2007 and 1396. Regarding the dispersion of patients from spatial and moron standard deviations, we used spatial regression method to determine the spatial and morphometric variability of the samples using independent variables of dust, height, direction of inclination and temperature. Findings: The results showed that the area of the ellipsoid is three times the standard deviation of the northwest of the southeast, indicating that more than 99% of these diseases are spreading in this direction. Moran index 0.82 also indicates spatial autocorrelation and disease numbers at a significant level of 99%. In spatial modeling to predict the spatial dispersion of a positive symptom disease, the coefficients obtained for dust and temperature with the disease indicate a direct relationship and the negative coefficients between elevation and slope indicate an indirect relationship with the disease. Modeling also showed that dust is the most important parameter in predicting the disease. Discussion and Conclusion: The value of R2 = 0.88 indicates that the extracted model is able to fully predict the dependent variable, respiratory disease, in Kurdistan province, taking into account independent environmental variables. Using the prediction map, the regions with respiratory disease can be better identified in order to improve the decision-making process for allocating and distributing spatial services. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Spatial analysis of balanced urban development with spatial justice approach (Case study of Amol city)
esameil ali akbari nafise marsousi asadollah divsalar maryam kamariBackgrounds and Objectives: The pattern of balanced development of the city depends on measuring the spatial balance of the city's resources, facilities and the way the population settles in its areas and localities. Also, the balanced development of every city requires MoreBackgrounds and Objectives: The pattern of balanced development of the city depends on measuring the spatial balance of the city's resources, facilities and the way the population settles in its areas and localities. Also, the balanced development of every city requires a fair approach towards the efficiency of financial resources and the distribution of economic, social and cultural services, which aims to improve the life quality of the citizens. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the balanced development of Amol city with the approach of spatial justice.Material and Methodology: The research method is descriptive-analytical. In order to analyze the research data in the geographic information system (GIS) environment. At first, the spatial distribution pattern of the facilities was investigated with statistical and graphical methods in Amol city using GIS software. Then the geographical distribution was investigated. In the next step, by using the information layers of the city and the pair decision-making method, the effective physical indicators in the distribution of facilities have been examined. A survey and interview were conducted with 42 experts in 22 neighborhoods of Amol city during 2020-2021 to determine the superiority functions and weighting of indicators and finally their ranking using AHP model.Findings: The findings of different analyzes indicate the concentration of facilities and services in the city center and in its primary context.Disscotion & Conclusion: Analyzes such as kernel density analysis, kriging, and hot spots determined that the distribution of facilities and services in Amol city tends to the center, and the nearest neighbor analysis also showed a clustered situation for the distribution of facilities and services. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Spatial analysis of the healthy city indicators in urban settlements (Case study: Ardabil province)
Hossein Nazmfar Ali Eshgheichharborj Saide Alavi Soraya EshgheiBackground and Objective: Following the uncontrolled growth of cities, several approaches were raised to provide favorable conditions of life for present and future generations. One of the major approaches is a healthy city approach; however, to find out which city is h MoreBackground and Objective: Following the uncontrolled growth of cities, several approaches were raised to provide favorable conditions of life for present and future generations. One of the major approaches is a healthy city approach; however, to find out which city is healthy and what level of health it bears as compared to other cities is yet complex and ambiguous. Method: This study aimed to analyze the indicators of a healthy city in urban settlements of Ardabil province. Ardabil city was ranked based on on 42 criteria for health indicators. In this study it is attempted to measure the weight of a healthy city by network analysis process (ANP. TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making models were also used to evaluate urban settlements. Findings: Spatial analysis of health indicators in urban settlements of Ardabil province, stating that Kowsar, Sarein, and Namin townships are developed, Kalkal Township is partially deprived and Bilesuar, Meshkin Shahr, Ardabil and Pars Abad townships are deprived. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show a significant relationship between the population and ranking of each city, so that Pars Abad, Meshkin Shahr and Ardabil are the most populous townships of the province and ranged as less provilaged interms of healthy city indicators. The results of the study area mapped in the GIS environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Investigation and Quantification of Variations of Landscape Measures using Remote Sensing and Biodiversity Indices (Case Study: Dez Protected Area)
Atousa Soleimani Majid HojatiNowadays the continuous irrational use of land has led to increase transformation, variation of land use and vegetation. Examining and quantifying these variations can be necessary for planning and sustainable management of land. Thus, in the present study, landscape me MoreNowadays the continuous irrational use of land has led to increase transformation, variation of land use and vegetation. Examining and quantifying these variations can be necessary for planning and sustainable management of land. Thus, in the present study, landscape measures were used as quantifying tools for investigation of land condition and variation. Here, patch spatial distribution and composition measures were used. The case study was Dez protected area, which is located in the Iranian Khuzestan Province. In order to prepare land cover and variation analysis maps, the satellite images of Landsat 7 from the TM sensor and Landsat 8 related to ETM+ sensor images were used respectively. Number of Patches (NP), Patch Density (PD), largest patch index, landscape shape, and total edge (TE) metrics, and diversity indices of Shannon and Simpsons were used. The class-level landscape patterns were analyzed using Fragstats 4.2 and Envi. The results show that the extent of vegetated land of the region has decreased, whereas the scope of land with no vegetation is on the rise. The decrease of vegetation and increase of bare soil indicate the destruction of the region's natural cover during the studied years. The decrease of NP and PD measures and increase of edge density shows the increasing destruction of natural land cover of the region, and its increasing common border with other peripheral areas that have different land use. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Geospatial modeling of land subsidence in the south of the Minab watershed using remote sensing and GIS
Abdolkhalegh Arvin Ghorban Vahabzadeh Seyed Ramazan Mousavi Masoud Bakhtyari KiaMinab plain in Hormozgan province has experienced population growth with agricultural development in recent decades. Low rainfall in recent years, successive droughts, and limited surface water resources, irregular irrigation practices in the agricultural sector in the MoreMinab plain in Hormozgan province has experienced population growth with agricultural development in recent decades. Low rainfall in recent years, successive droughts, and limited surface water resources, irregular irrigation practices in the agricultural sector in the study area, along with inappropriate cultivation patterns, have caused the extraction of water wells in the region. The extraction of these wells and groundwater resources has led to an imbalance in the aquifer in the area and a decline in groundwater levels. The consequences of this trend have caused the creation and expansion of subsidence in the region. This research, by investigating radar, satellite images and using differential radial interferometry, has been used to detect and determine the amount of subsidence in order to investigate the extent of this phenomenon in the study area. In this study, data from the Sentinel-1 refer to the dates 2014 and 2018 were used. The results showed it had 13-centimeter subsidence in the study period. After verifying the results by control points (in September 2018), in order to find the relationship of subsidence with changes in groundwater level, elevation, and slope, a spatial analysis was performed and the correlation of each of these factors with subsidence event density was calculated. Spatial autocorrelation analysis and Moran's index showed that climatic event due to water level changes in the study area was 0.925. The values of 1.89 and 0.06 for standard normal distribution (z) and the p_value respectively, confirm a strong autocorrelation between the studied factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Remote sensing application for urban landscape assessment in arid regions (Case study: Yazd city, Iran)
Mahdieh Abolhassani Ahad Sotoudeh Parasto ParivarBackground and ObjectivePopulation growth and urbanization have caused many changes in land use and land cover that has been greatly affected by the structure, function and service of the ecosystem. Since 2008, more than half of the world's population has lived in urban MoreBackground and ObjectivePopulation growth and urbanization have caused many changes in land use and land cover that has been greatly affected by the structure, function and service of the ecosystem. Since 2008, more than half of the world's population has lived in urban areas, which, according to the United Nations, 80 percent of the world's population will be urban by 2050, and this continuous increase will lead to the rapid expansion of urban areas. Most of these cities are located in developing countries, especially in Asia and Africa, where a considerable part of them are arid and semi-arid countries. Estimates show that 85 percent of total Iran's lands are under arid and semiarid conditions climate. Arid areas with dry climate, poor vegetation, lack of water, limited rainfall and very fragile environment are identified. These characteristics cause the vulnerability of urban ecosystems. Considering that the function and performance of the environment depended on the composition and distribution of their structural elements, to better understand the dynamics of land, it is necessary to study the changes in spatial patterns. Information on land use changes over time can predict future changes and also be used to identify land a principled and sustainable design and planning, also to determine the improper process of land change and prevent its spread. Landscape metrics can be used to identify this spatial pattern and it's change. Applicability of landscape metrics is for the Quantifying of the landscape change and also it's used for analysis and planning of land uses. Metrics is a useful tool for designing and finding exact relationships between the structure and function of landscape functions. Accordingly, this study has tried to study and measure changes in landscape structure of Yazd city by using landscape metrics for three decades in this region from destruction and fragmentation of natural patterns and help planners and policymakers for the orientation of sustainable urban development. The aim of this study is to quantify and measure changes in spatial patterns of land use in Yazd city by using landscape metrics in two levels of class and landscape during the period of 27 years. Also, the distribution and composition of spatial patterns of land use have been investigated in two levels of green and built-up patches that have a major role in ecosystem function. Materials and Methods In this study, Landsat 5 at 1991 and Landsat 8 at 2017 satellite images have been used. After performing the necessary corrections on the satellite images, the classification was done using the maximum likelihood method. according to the diversity of vegetation in the area, three categories including bare land, vegetation and built-up were identified and classified. In order to investigate the accuracy of classification, error matrix and statistical parameters of the kappa coefficient and overall accuracy were used. The kappa coefficient and overall accuracy of the classification images for 2017 and 1991 are 0.81, 90%, 0.83 96%, respectively. The Fragstats 4.1 software was used to calculate the landscape metrics. In the present study, according to the aim of the study, Class Area (CA), Number of patches (NP), Percentage of Landscape (PLAND), AREA, Radius of Gyration (GYRATE), Euclidean Nearest Neighbor Distance (ENN), and Contagion landscape metrics (CONTAGE) were selected and evaluated at the class and landscape level. Results and Discussion In this research, by studying different metrics in the two scales of class and landscape, it was inferred that the landscape in open land and green spaces are being crushed and discrete over a period. While built-up has become more integrated and more expansive over the period, it shows the destructive effects of human activities on the environment. During the studied period, the highest increase in area to other classes belongs to the built-up class. In this study, the maximum number of patches is related to other classes of a green space class. The number of vegetation patches increased and the number of patches opens land and urban class decreased. The results of this metric along with area metrics show the phenomenon of fragmented in Yazd city. Changes in agricultural and gardening land use to residential areas cause disintegration of vegetation patches. The mean patch size of the built-up class has increased and in two vegetation and open land decreased. It shows that the impervious area in the studied city has increased. The average distance metric of each cell in the patches with the center of gravity in two classes of open land and vegetation decreased and the largest reduction is in the green space class. The Euclidean nearest-neighbour distance metric of patches in all uses has been increased which is related to open land. Conclusion The results of the study of metrics changes in the class area show that the built-up has increased by 4346.82 ha in the studied period. The reason for this is the increase in the population of Yazd city, which in 1991 and 2017 were 275298 and 529673 respectively. Therefore, more space is needed for the growth and expansion of the city, which causes the physical development of the construction. Due to the spatial expansion of the city, about 1667.61 ha of the agricultural lands and gardens in Yazd city has been destroyed and integrated into urban infrastructures. Increasing human infrastructure and activities without considering the capacity and ecological capability of this area can cause many environmental problems. Therefore, in order to prevent further degradation of the environment and reduce its quality. Monitoring and evaluation of land use patterns should be measured continuously so that they can be used as a guide to assess the current status of the urban ecosystem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Application of spatial statistics in zoning and spatial analysis of the sound speed in the Persian Gulf
Mahyar Majidy Nik Hamed DeldarThe aims of this study were to find the distribution of sound speed under the influence of water's physical parameters; to predict spatial analysis in oceanography using geostatistical methods; to forecast value parameters for the Persian Gulf and zoning the sound speed MoreThe aims of this study were to find the distribution of sound speed under the influence of water's physical parameters; to predict spatial analysis in oceanography using geostatistical methods; to forecast value parameters for the Persian Gulf and zoning the sound speed. Sound Speed was calculated using Chen-Millero formula and pressure, salinity, and temperature data. The data extracted from World Ocean Atlas 2013 with regular mesh grid 0.25 degree. Sound speed was calculated using the Chen-Millero formula. Spatial analysis of the sound speed comparison based on three methods Kriging, Co-Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighted. These methods were performed using GS+ software in both warm and cold season. The best method finally used to forcast and prepare the plans of zoning sound speed. The Pearson’s correlation test was performed between independent variables and sound speed showed that the maximum correlation occurs between temperature and sound speed. Therefore, the temperature was considered as the auxiliary variable in Co-Kriging method for spatial analysis of sound speed. Cross-validation results showed that model's forecasting in cold season was better compared to warm season in this region. Results of spatial analysis showed that the sound speed decreased about 20m/s in all layers from the Hormuz Strait toward the northwestern part of the Persian Gulf. Because of the increased salinity the maximum of sound speed was always in the south shallow area. In all investigated stations, sound speed reduced with increasing depth, due to temperature reduction and the sound channel is not also observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - An Analysis of the Livability Situation in Urban Environments (Case Study: Kouye Salar Neighborhood-Urmia)
Mirnajaf Mousavi Javad Jahangirzadeh Nima Bayramzadeh Amin Shahsavar Sajjad OmidvarfarThe main purpose of the research is to analyze the livability situation in Kouye Salar neighborhood. The most important distinguishing point of this research with similar researches is the use of the combined method of inferential statistics - spatial interpolation - st MoreThe main purpose of the research is to analyze the livability situation in Kouye Salar neighborhood. The most important distinguishing point of this research with similar researches is the use of the combined method of inferential statistics - spatial interpolation - structural relations. The present research method is descriptive and analytical in terms of nature and is practical in terms of purpose. To collect of information, a library-document and field-survey method was used. The tools of data collection are in several ways: observation, questionnaire, and taking notes. The statistical society of this research is the residents of Kouye Salar neighborhood, which has 18,000 people according to the 2016 census of the Statistics Center. To determine the sample size, Cochran's formula was used and the sample size was 376, which was distributed in the study area using the cluster random sampling method. One-sample t-test was used for quantitative data analysis and IDW method was used for spatial data analysis. The DEMATEL model has been used to evaluate the relationship between the livability dimensions. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and the reliability of the questionnaires was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test with the alpha coefficient value of 0.775. Based on the results of the research, the dimensions of livability, which include social, economic, environmental, urban management, historical pattern, and facilities and services, have obtained average of 2.94, 2.07, 3.01, 1.25, 1.83, and 2.55, respectively and also, the livability level is unfavorable with an average of 2.27. Also, the results of the spatial analysis of the livability dimensions in Kouye Salar neighborhood show that about 66% of the neighborhood is in an unfavorable condition. According to the results of DEMATEL model, the dimensions of urban management, economic and facilities and services as "cause" and the three dimensions of environment, social and history pattern as "disability" are extracted and shown in the livability of the locality territory. Extended AbstractIntroduction The ever-increasing growth of Urmia's urban population and on the other hand the city's transformation into a megalopolis has always challenged the level of quality of life, or in better words, the level of urban livability. In this regard, due to the unprincipled physical expansion of the city of Urmia from the north, it has caused the formation of informal settlements such as Kouye Salar, which has significant problems and deficiencies in terms of urban equipment and service uses, because of the unplanned development. Due to the rapid growth and development caused by the presence of a large number of immigrants from other regions, Kouye Salar neighborhood is experiencing many problems due to inefficiency in dimensions such as economic and urban management. This neighborhood, which is located in the 2nd region of Urmia, has a diverse population and is more suitable for immigrants. One of the main problems of the mentioned neighborhood is the informality and the lack of service and urban equipment uses. Therefore, the main purpose of the research is an analysis of the livability situation in Kouye Salar neighborhood. Among the innovative aspects of the research, we can mention the section of research method, which analyzed this neighborhood in terms of livability by combining spatial data and a questionnaire. The most important distinguishing point of this research with similar researches is the use of the combined method of inferential statistics-spatial interpolation-structural relations, so that a specialized expert's view is also made on the livability of Kouye Salar in addition to considering the votes and opinions of the neighborhood residents. Another distinction is the use of all livability dimensions, indicators and variables for a neighborhood, because usually, this range of components is used in extra-local scales and inferential and spatial statistical methods are also used in the same way.Methodology The present research method is descriptive and analytical in terms of nature and is practical in terms of purpose. To collect of information, a library-document and field-survey method was used, which In the first step, the background and theoretical literature of livability was collected from scientific articles and authentic documents, and then the field survey of the studied area was done. The tools of data collection are in several ways: observation, questionnaire, and taking notes. The statistical society of this research is the residents of Kouye Salar neighborhood, which has 18,000 people according to the 2016 census of the Statistics Center. Cochran's formula with an error percentage of 0.05 was used to determine the sample size, and a sample size of 376 was obtained which was distributed using cluster random sampling method in the study area. SPSS and GIS software were used for data analysis. Quantitative analysis of data through one-sample t-tests and spatial analysis of data through IDW method in the geographic information system have been done in order to evaluate the status of livability indicators and provide suggested solutions to improve the status of this neighborhood. Also, to evaluate the relationship between dimensions of livability, the DEMATEL, which is one of the multi-indicator decision-making methods, has been used and the opinions of 4 experts (urban planning, social, economic and social worker experts), who had sufficient knowledge of the research subject, were used in order to complete the initial matrix. To evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, experts in the fields of urbanism and urban planning were used, who confirmed its validity. Also, the reliability of the questionnaires has been evaluated through Cronbach's alpha test for about 20 questionnaires, which shows the good reliability of the questionnaire with the alpha coefficient value of 0.775.Results and discussionThe findings of this research show that according to the data from the field collection and the questionnaire and the results of the one-sample test, the qualitative status of the social, economic, facilities and services, urban management and historical pattern respectively with an average of 2.94, 2.07, 2.55, 1.25, 1.83 are at the lower than average level and the environmental dimension is at the average level with an average value of 3.01. The social and environmental dimensions are in the intermediate and medium to high level, which as mentioned earlier, factors such as relative security, establishment of ritual ceremonies, lack of differences and ethnic conflicts, reducing the level of pollution and proportionate collection of waste, have had a great impact on the relevant situation. The average level of facilities and services is mostly due to the existence of gas, electricity, drinking water network and provision of daily needs of the people, which mostly reflects the quantitative aspect, while Kouye Salar neighborhood has poor quality of drinking water and noticeable drop in water pressure in the warm season and the roads inside the neighborhood are not up to standard and quality, and at the same time, access to important services such as education and health is not optimal and is associated with difficulties and challenges for the residents. The neighborhood’s economy, regardless of its unfavorable and critical situation on a national scale, has complex conditions and the most important reason is the lack of attractiveness and fields for investment and entrepreneurship, and the existing micro-enterprises are currently operating with minimal production capacity and they are deprived of the necessary support and facilities. The worst situation is for urban management and historical patterns. Kouye Salar neighborhood, despite its historical background, does not have any suitable symbols and its public spaces, such as the network of roads, lack the necessary qualitative appeal. These factors have caused the overall livability level of the neighborhood to be defined as unfavorable, with an average of 2.27, and thus, the contrast and heterogeneity of an enclosed low-privileged place in the bio-peripheral circle is revealed with urban livability standards. Also, the results of the spatial analysis of the collected field data show that the situation of social, economic, environmental, urban facilities and services, urban management and historical pattern dimensions in the neighborhood is in an unfavorable situation, and these factors have caused a decrease in the level of livability in Kouye Salar neighborhood, so that this neighborhood with an area of 511,486 m2 is at an unfavorable level and with an area of 262,972 m2 at an intermediate level.ConclusionThe target neighborhood has also been examined from view of structure and cause and effect analysis, and according to DEMATEL model, the degree of influential - effectiveness of each of the dimensions on the neighborhood livability (according to unfavorable, intermediate and favorable components) has been investigated which according to the desired factors and indicators, dimensions of urban management, economic and facilities and services as "cause" and three dimensions of environment, social and historical pattern as "disabled", are extracted and shown in the livability of the locative territor Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Studying the geography of development of Provinces of Iran Using Human Development Index
Ghasem MohammadiThe concept of human development is a holistic approach to a better life that emphasizes the cultivation of the talents and mental abilities along with the consumption of goods and services and places the dynamic horizon of human choices ahead of the goal of a better li MoreThe concept of human development is a holistic approach to a better life that emphasizes the cultivation of the talents and mental abilities along with the consumption of goods and services and places the dynamic horizon of human choices ahead of the goal of a better life.On the horizon of Iran's twenty-year vision is:A developed Iran, with advanced knowledge, equal opportunities, adequate income distribution and health.This descriptive-analytical study aims to evaluate the current status of provinces in terms of human development indicators based on the censuses of 2011 and 2016. According to the research findings, the average education index in the country is 0.503. 0.673 Health Index. And standard of living 0.336 And the combined index of human development is 0.749. Health index has the highest rate and standard of living has the lowest figure in the country. The most favorable situation of human development index was related to Tehran provinces with 0.936 respectively. Alborz with 0.926 and Yazd with 0.862. The most unfavorable situation of this index is related to Sistan and Baluchestan provinces with 0.446 and Kurdistan with 0.561 respectively. Sistan and Baluchestan province has the most unfavorable situation in all indicators of human development. Although the ranking of provinces based on the Human Development Index indicates that the most disadvantaged category corresponds to the border provinces and the most desirable ones belong to the regions most often located in the center of the country, but based on the results in most provinces of the country between the two The growth census observed that deprived provinces had the highest growth. Manuscript profile -
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25 - Potential assessment hazard of forest fires and rangelands using AHP model (Case study: Kamyaran city)
saman javaheri ali asghar torahiFires in Zagros Rangelands and Forests Given the protective role of these forests in preventing water and soil erosion, it is a serious environmental threat to these forests and rangelands. The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of fires in ra MoreFires in Zagros Rangelands and Forests Given the protective role of these forests in preventing water and soil erosion, it is a serious environmental threat to these forests and rangelands. The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of fires in rangelands and forests of Kamyaran city and identify areas prone to fire. According to reported fires, the major fires were identified as having the highest frequency and frequency, and the file was compiled using the Global Positioning System (GPS) of the entire area in the past few years and after converting it to soft format. The Arc Map was transferred and a map of the scattered areas of forests and rangelands was prepared. Then, by analyzing the studies in this area and asking the experts of natural resources, Jihad of Agriculture and Meteorology, six factors influencing the fire in rangelands and forests of this region were analyzed. Influential factors include precipitation, temperature, river distance, distance from road, elevation and slope of the area. Then, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the information layers in the Expert Choise software were weighted and then compared by pairwise comparison. Finally, after incorporating layers in Arc Map software, the final map of fire hazard zoning of forests and rangelands of the city was classified into five classes of areas with high potential to very low potential. The results showed that the ground truth layers were in full agreement with the final map and most of the large-scale wildfires were located in high potential and very high critical areas and from the total forest area and rangelands of the high potential areas. The fire covered an area of 45218.14 hectares, comprising 22% of the total area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Spatial analysis of green spaces in Shiraz using geographic information system
Marziyeh MogholiThe purpose of this research is to analyze the location of parks in Shiraz city and to examine the neighborhood pattern and the radius of access of existing green spaces in order to provide approaches and a suitable model for optimizing the spatial distribution system a MoreThe purpose of this research is to analyze the location of parks in Shiraz city and to examine the neighborhood pattern and the radius of access of existing green spaces in order to provide approaches and a suitable model for optimizing the spatial distribution system and location pattern of green spaces in Shiraz city. The science of this research is descriptive-analytical and applied. First, all the required spatial data were collected and a database was created in the GIS environment and ArcMap software. Then, using the AHP hierarchical process analysis method, the criteria of coverage radius, population and its density, accessibility, neighboring uses, etc. were weighted.According to the findings, it was found that accessibility criteria and population density are the most important effective factors in the distribution of urban uses. Also, in the distribution of green space, criteria of compatible and incompatible contiguity, population density and road network were studied and the contiguity of large green spaces and the final map to select the most suitable places and the most unsuitable places of green spaces were determined.According to the findings, it was found that a number of green spaces in the neighborhood system with all the studied uses except residential use are in a bad condition. Also, according to the final map, the most suitable places for building green spaces are the utskirts of Shiraz city in the south, east and west parts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Evaluation of failure risk in the sewerage system using Bayesian network and spatial multi-criteria decision making
Seyed Morteza Ghoreishi Mohammad Hassan Vahidnia Aminreza NeshatA failure in the sewage network as one of the important urban infrastructures can have adverse consequences, which sometimes even leads to the disruption of a part of a city's performance. In this article, the risk of failure in sewerage networks was conducted based on MoreA failure in the sewage network as one of the important urban infrastructures can have adverse consequences, which sometimes even leads to the disruption of a part of a city's performance. In this article, the risk of failure in sewerage networks was conducted based on the combination of the probability of failure and the consequences of failure in the 4th water and sewerage area of Tehran. For this purpose, Bayesian networks were first used to obtain the probability of failure. The network was formed based on features such as deposits, pipe leakage, corrosion, pipe wear, and pipe deformation. For 1610 pipes, 70% of which were used for training and 30% for testing, the probability of pipe blockage was 6.7%, the probability of hydraulic failure was 2.2%, the probability of structural failure was 0.3%, and the total probability of failure for pipes was 8.7%. The overall average accuracy of this step was estimated at 76%. In estimating the consequences of failure, spatial analysis in GIS and the DEA multi-criteria decision-making method were used. Spatial analysis such as buffer for 9 spatial criteria made it possible to score pipes with high speed and efficiency in case of failure and its impact on the surroundings. The DEA method has the advantages of using objective and subjective data as well as reducing the number of pairwise comparisons. Finally, with the effect of PoF and CoF values on each other, the risk of pipe failure was obtained and by ranking them, 9 items in the network were identified as critical pipes. The results showed that such an approach has high reliability and the risk of failure can be estimated with proper accuracy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The Throne Hall in Neo-Assyrian Palaces
Meysam Labbaf-KhanikiAs an important feature of Neo-Assyrian palatial architecture the palaces’ plan shows a unique pattern in situation of the spaces sharing in function. The pattern makes possible to identify the defined spaces such as outer court, inner court, residences, service s MoreAs an important feature of Neo-Assyrian palatial architecture the palaces’ plan shows a unique pattern in situation of the spaces sharing in function. The pattern makes possible to identify the defined spaces such as outer court, inner court, residences, service spaces, and throne hall in the first view. The throne hall of Neo-Assyrian palaces is considered as the most important space of the royal complex. Therefore, the throne hall benefits from the most facilities and decorations and situated in the most suitable place in the complex. Due to the attributes of throne hall it is possible to recognize the special space in the Neo-Assyrian royal complex using archaeological method and spatial analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Spatial analysis physical Karaj city with an emphasis on Smart city growth indices
Ali Shamaei Sajad Ghasemi Servatollah MoradiSpatial development - physical, uncontrolled urban growth and urbanization resulting in Karaj during 1335 to 1390 the population of 14,526 people in 1335 and about 2km square area of about 180km ² and a population of about 1,614,626 people become.The spatial develo MoreSpatial development - physical, uncontrolled urban growth and urbanization resulting in Karaj during 1335 to 1390 the population of 14,526 people in 1335 and about 2km square area of about 180km ² and a population of about 1,614,626 people become.The spatial development accelerated due Branch ecological resources, including agricultural land and industrial mineral soils, surface and underground water resources is heavily exploited. Rapid displacement of population, expansion of urban Aspral change uncontrolled agricultural lands and natural resources, uneven development, application, and subsequent social and economic anomalies, including issues arising from the development of urban space - the physical city is Karaj. The purpose of this study is to explain the process of spatial analysis of these issues. This research method is descriptive - analytical models using Shannon's entropy and Holdern and smart growth urban metropolis, Karaj during 1335 to 1390 has been analyzed. The results indicate that Shhrkrj from 1335 to 1390 the growth has been unevenly distributed in a separate core. Karaj growth pattern from 1375 onwards, growth has been rapid and Aspral. In 1385 the highest growth rate Aspral 24 percent. The density of people per hectare since 1375 to 1385, that figure dropped to 09/94 persons per hectare in 1375 to 52/76 persons per hectare represents an extension of the city limits. These statistics reflect the destruction of much of the best agricultural land in the surrounding.metropolitan.Tehran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Analysis of spatial distribution of citizenship security in Hormozgan province using prophetic technique.
laiia jalilian iman chaghajerdiAbsract Today, knowledge of the status of the security of the residents of a community has an effective role in identifying the challenges and strategies of developing a society and is a prerequisite for any social, economic, cultural and political development. The purp MoreAbsract Today, knowledge of the status of the security of the residents of a community has an effective role in identifying the challenges and strategies of developing a society and is a prerequisite for any social, economic, cultural and political development. The purpose of this study was to estimate and level the 13 cities of Hormozgan province regarding the sense of citizenship security , which is possible using 13 variables. In this research, Delphi technique was used to weigh the indices and to promote the technique of prophecy was used to analyze the data. The findings of the research show that Hormozgan Province with a net flow of 0.59484 obtained from the pro-tech technique has a relatively favorable status in terms of safety. Also according to the results, Bandar Abbas city with the net flow of 0.81645 at the best level and the city of Abu Musa with a value of 0.15258 were at the worst level of citizenship security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Analysis of the spatial distribution of urban parks using information systems geographic Case Study in Izeh city
farshad tahmasebizade alireza abbasiFarshad Tahmasbizadeh: Ph.D. Student of Urban Planning, Najaf Abad Unit, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran Doctor Ali Reza Abbasi Assistant Professor, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad and Esfahan, Iran The purpose of this research is to anal MoreFarshad Tahmasbizadeh: Ph.D. Student of Urban Planning, Najaf Abad Unit, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran Doctor Ali Reza Abbasi Assistant Professor, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad and Esfahan, Iran The purpose of this research is to analyze the spatial analysis of Izeh parks using GIS. The research is based on the purpose of the applied type and based on the nature of the descriptive type. In the gathering, field observations, reports and existing maps, library studies, and documents are used to analyze information from the geographic information system, expert choic software and the AHP model. As a result, the inappropriate spatial distribution of parks in the city of Izeh, per capita green space of about 1 square meter, the inappropriate network pattern of the city in access to parks, the lack of park numbers and inappropriate location of existing parks, naming any piece of green space as a park by the municipality, Naming the green fields of Ghadamgah and Imamzadeh as a park, an inappropriate and poorly-built pedestrian network, access to parks, very low peripheral parks and a lack of equipment, the most time in the city is walking for access to the park for about an hour, and so on. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Spatial analysis of climatic factors on suitability assessment in Germi Township urban park
vahid safarian zangir Raoof Mostafazadeh Khadigeh haji Urban parks as one of the most important urban land use plays an important role in reducing air pollution and upgrade the quality of life of recreational areas as type of urban land use play an important role in reducing air pollution and improving the life qual More Urban parks as one of the most important urban land use plays an important role in reducing air pollution and upgrade the quality of life of recreational areas as type of urban land use play an important role in reducing air pollution and improving the life quality of urban residents. The aim of this study is the design and spatial analysis of urban parks in the Germy Township based on the effects of desirable inner space, and location suitability on development of urban parks with an area of 1725.2 km2. The climatic factors in a 11-year (2004-2014) period were analyzed along with effective geographical parameters to site selection of Germy urban park, and related maps were prepared based on available data. The design of plans and determination of zones were done in GIS and AutoCAD environments. According to the results, the appropriateness of park location along with desirability of inner-park spaces leads to increase the presence of family groups. While the deficiencies of effective factors caused the attendance of even-aged group of friends and peers in the studied park. In conclusion, the study site was chosen as a suitable area in leisure times. Also in terms of climate and receiving solar energy, most seasons and times of day provide thermal comfort in the time of tourist's persistence. The result, the highest amount of rainfall is related to the autumn season, while the lowest amount of rainfall for the July and August months were 13 and 9.5 mm, respectively. Thus the rainfall has the least negative impact on the desirability of recreational space. The impact of sunshine hours was considered as positive and the impacts of wind blowing were assessed as favorable in the study site. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Spatial Analysis and Prioritization of Cities of West Azerbaijan based on Urban Poverty Indexes
پخشان خضرنژاد اصغر عابدینی میرستار صدرموسویOne of the most important goals of any society is social justice and social welfare and the equal distribution of resources, which include poverty reduction as an important dimension. To achieve the above objectives at any level in any society it needs to recognize the MoreOne of the most important goals of any society is social justice and social welfare and the equal distribution of resources, which include poverty reduction as an important dimension. To achieve the above objectives at any level in any society it needs to recognize the rate of social equality and poverty and inequality rate among different regions. This study is kind of applied-developed research where its analytical methods and the assessment of poverty in the province of West Azerbaijan was performed by using 17 indicators. Analyzing findings using TOPSIS model and Coefficient of dispersion model and hypotheses research was conducted in accordance with Spss software requirements as well. The weight of indicators were determined by a panel of 20 relevant experts. Accordingly, each of the urban areas of the province in terms of indicators was rated and classified. The study showed significant differences between cities in terms of development. Orumyieh was ranked as one of the lowest poverty rates in urban development and Chaypareh as the rank of the highest urban poverty. Manuscript profile -
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34 - Evaluation of having three zones of Semnan municipal infrastructure and ICT indicators in order to realize of Smart city
raheleh khodadadi Yousef Ali Ziari Ebrahim Romina Masoud MahadaviAbstract space city, thoughtful people to get rid of problems and failures in reaching the noble life has forced the city to think about reform and the creation of new structures. The key role of information and communication technology in the field of economic, social, MoreAbstract space city, thoughtful people to get rid of problems and failures in reaching the noble life has forced the city to think about reform and the creation of new structures. The key role of information and communication technology in the field of economic, social, political, and intelligence can not be ignored . Innovation dimensional and common nature, which can be produced, processed and processing the information.is situated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the spatial distribution of infrastructure and communication (ICT)3 to achieve Smart city are three District Municipality Semnan. The method is quantitative analysis to rank, determining the level of dispersion statistical indicators Model Mac Granahan, cluster analysis and the coefficient of variance was used. The results of the study show that municipal areas in terms of these indicators have not been the same and territories into three groups, relatively wealthy and less divided and scattering coefficients show the expected variation in the type and distribution The index is at the level of three regions. Keywords: ICT indicators, spatial analysis, Mac Granahan, The coefficient of variance, three areas of the municipality of Semnan Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - A Spatial Analysis of Poverty Traps and Urban Deprivation in Qom
mojtaba rafieian nafiseh zahedThe poverty traps in urban areas cause lack of effective development in the society and harm the urban society. The residents of these urban poverty traps are the poorest ones. They always have the minimum urban services and facilities and are in the lowest level of int MoreThe poverty traps in urban areas cause lack of effective development in the society and harm the urban society. The residents of these urban poverty traps are the poorest ones. They always have the minimum urban services and facilities and are in the lowest level of integration with the urban context and its residents. Paying serious attention to urban policies which seems very necessary and important can prevent the emergence and deep poverty traps. Therefore, the effective factors, at first, should be characterized and then, policies should be designed and implemented in accordance with them. In this study, the most important factors affecting the formation of spatial poverty traps in the city of Qom have been examined. In this process, to review the factors affecting the formation of spatial poverty traps and measuring the poverty level, the factor analysis type R was used. The results showed that five factors are the main effective factors of the emerging poverty traps in Qom which explain 88.93 percent of urban poverty in this city. Using the factor score, the traps were classified to 5 ranges, from very low to very high poverty rates. In this classification Sahrak­ Saheb-al Zaman, Jamkaran and Ismael Abad’s traps had the highest level of poverty. To measure the spatial distribution of urban traps Moran's I coefficient and General Statistics G were used. The results showed that the spatial distribution of poverty traps has cluster pattern with a high concentration. Also, the results of correlation analysis showed that poverty rate of traps has a strong correlation between the indices of the number of unskilled workers, rental house rates, the rate of illiteracy, lack of basic facilities of housing, unsustainable housing, and poor quality of the residential environment. So the most important action plan should be done to improve housing conditions, improving employment and improving access to public services such as educational services. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Spatial Analysis and Locating the Industrial Town of Jolfa Using AHP and ELECTRE Models
Fariba Karami Abolfazl Ghanbari masoumeh alirezaeiA suitable place for the establishment of industrial activities is one of the indispensable factors for industrial development, so addressing the issue of locating and assessing the location of industrial settlements is appropriate and the situation of these settlements MoreA suitable place for the establishment of industrial activities is one of the indispensable factors for industrial development, so addressing the issue of locating and assessing the location of industrial settlements is appropriate and the situation of these settlements in relation to each other and to the desirable location is important. The main purpose of this research is spatial and location analysis of Jolfa industrial town using combined AHP and ELECTRE methods. The type of research is applied and the research method is descriptive-analytical and documentary, library and Delphi studies have been used to collect the necessary data. After selecting the initial criteria, they were classified into four groups. Then questions and questionnaires were developed. In the Delphi method, 20 experts and specialists were polled. In this way, the data were collected and used. AHP model in Expert choice software environment was used to combine criteria and sub-criteria in order to identify and determine their weight. In the next stage, by applying the weights obtained from the AHP model in the GIS environment, the lands of Jolfa were identified. Then, completely suitable zones above 50 hectares were selected and evaluated and ranked using the ELECTRE model according to 16 important criteria involved in the optimal location of industrial settlements, and the most suitable sites were identified in order to evaluate the current location of Jolfa industrial town. The results of comparing the zones selected for the establishment of the industrial town with its current location showed that the current location of the industrial town in Jolfa does not correspond with the principles and criteria of a suitable location. One of the features of the proposed location for the construction of an industrial town in Jolfa is that the town with an area of 83 hectares is located at an altitude of 987 meters above the sea level and exists on lands with a slope of 2%. It should be noted that due to the presence of many micro-faults in Jolfa region, the proposed site is located at a distance of 1897.37 meters from the existing faults, away from agricultural lands, gardens and forests and in terms of lithology is located in resistant lands. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The Feasibility of Transferring the Capital of Iran Using a Spatial Analysis Approach
pegah farhadian Majid ShamsFollowing the many urban and geographical problems of Tehran, the issue of transferring the capital as a solution has been the focus of attention in academic circles and government institutions, and, in the meantime, one of the discussions was to find a suitable place t MoreFollowing the many urban and geographical problems of Tehran, the issue of transferring the capital as a solution has been the focus of attention in academic circles and government institutions, and, in the meantime, one of the discussions was to find a suitable place to move the capital and to measure the components needed for this new place. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of changing capital by emphasizing the approach of spatial analysis and the optimal system of urban planning. For this purpose, the study of prime urban indicators, urban hierarchy, and finally the study of the impact of physical-functional, economic, and socio-cultural components on urban spatial organization was used. The results of this study show that spatial planning of geographical and urban space with an emphasis on the components of spatial analysis and also the characteristics of the optimal urban planning system is the most important and most challenging one. Parts of the capital transfer plan will go to you in the future. According to the objectives of the research and the results obtained, four scenarios were proposed for the capital transfer plan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Spatial analysis of urban hierarchy of Kermanshah period of time(1390-1375 )
Ali Shamaei Hasan Rahmati Tapeh Rasht Sharif Hajie Tash Naloos Neamat KordehThis study analyzes the spatial variations of urban hierarchy of Kermanshah province in the period of 1996-2011. This study aimed to explain the uneven distribution of population and social inequality-to reduce the economic disparities across the province. Analysi MoreThis study analyzes the spatial variations of urban hierarchy of Kermanshah province in the period of 1996-2011. This study aimed to explain the uneven distribution of population and social inequality-to reduce the economic disparities across the province. Analysis indicates that 29 cities of Kermanshah in 2011, with a population of about 851,405 people in the city of Kermanshah Province, 62.8% of the urban population ,approximately 16 times and 8times the second and third cities of the same province (Kangavar) population has the most unevenly distributed population. In fact, the lack of central cities in metropolitan networks in urban areas has created instability. This analytic method utilizing GIS, EXCEL, the rank-size model of a class difference, Entropy Coefficient and Lorenz Curve has been done. Results of the entire hierarchy of methods used in urban imbalance and instability tends to show instabilities. Based on a floor equal to 96.6 percent in 2011, more than 141 thousands of people in equations obtained from the following cities ranked as the cities of Kermanshah show much difference between the three periods and the line of normality. The entropy rate of 75 year /8to / 79 in 85 and in year 2011 ، /69 which indicates heterogeneity in the distribution of population was reached. The city of Kermanshah in terms of spatial distribution of population is the worst compared to other cities , so that, the first city ( Kermanshah ) has 216 times more population compared to the second city ( Kvzran ). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The Spatial Analysis of information technology Developmental Scales of the Cities of Kerman
Hosein GhazanfarpourThe geographical sites of Iran have a wide range of potentials and capabilities which is beneficial to governmental policies which in turn may lead to discriminated development levels in different regions. In Kerman province, the difference in geographical areas, the va MoreThe geographical sites of Iran have a wide range of potentials and capabilities which is beneficial to governmental policies which in turn may lead to discriminated development levels in different regions. In Kerman province, the difference in geographical areas, the vastness of the region, and the country divisions have all led to differing levels of development. In the present study, the attempt was made to investigate and assess the status of the communication technology accessibility of each one of the cities of Kerman province. This study was one of the quantitative – analytical and the applied approach for analyzing the elements of information technology in Kerman province which has deployed standard scoring, Vigstaph, Pacy, and Doursler's concentration scale. The results of the standard model demonstrated that the city of Kerman was at the first place having access to communication technology with the combination scale of 45.253; this city was at the over-concentration rate as the most communication technology concentrate in Kerman city. Yet the results of this study revealed that Rafsanjan (city) was located at the above-concentration rate position, and at the mid-concentration rate position were the cities of Jiroft, Sirjan, Baam, Baaft, Zarand, Kahnouj, Shahrbabak, and Bardsir; Meanwhile at the under-concentration rate position were the cities of : Ravar, Anbarabad, Southern Roudbar, GhalehGanj, Manoujan, Rigan, Fahraj, Kouhbanan, Rabor, and Anar. According to the Vigstaph, Pacy, and Doursler's concentration scale, the most concentrated elements of communication technology was that of Kerman city and it was placed at the first city in rank and at the over-concentration rate with 8.94 score scale. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Identifying future climatic change patterns at basin level in Baja California, México
Teodoro Teodoro Carlón Allende Erna López Granados Manuel Mendoza -
Open Access Article
41 - Spatial analysis of urban smart city indicators )Case study: Zahedan city(
MALIHE ZAKERIAN abdolsalam sepahian Zahra sarabandi Sima Firouzi RadThe smart cityis an innovative city with sustainable economicdevelopment, quality life and equipped withmodern infrastructure in whichservice, economic, social and governance processes will be carried out accurately, quickly and easily. The purpose of this study is spat MoreThe smart cityis an innovative city with sustainable economicdevelopment, quality life and equipped withmodern infrastructure in whichservice, economic, social and governance processes will be carried out accurately, quickly and easily. The purpose of this study is spatial analysis of urban smart city indicators in Zahedan. According to the objectives of the research, the type ofresearch is applied and the research method is descriptive-analytical.The method of data collection and information is documentary and survey.Since the spatial analysis of smart city indicators is also a multi-criteria decision-making problem, therefore, in the present study, the Vikor multi-criteria decision-making model as well as the pairwise weighting with the hierarchical analysis model Fuzzy (FAHP) has taken place.The results of one-sample t-test showed that the indicators of smart city in Zahedan are all below the desired average (3)and are in an unfavorable situation. Smart Dynamics Index with an average of 2.832, Smart People Index with an average of2.809, Smart Life Index with an average of2.755, Intelligent Environment Index with an average of2.769 and Smart Governance Index with an average of 2.887are all in an unfavorable situation.The results of Vickor model also show that region1 with a weight value of 0.087 is in the first priority. In other words, this region is in the best condition in terms of smart city indicators.Zone 2 with a weight of 0.165 is in the second priority, Zone5with a weight of0.324 is in the third priority, Zone with a weight of 0.787 is in the fourth priority and Zone 4 with a weight of 0.857 is in the last priority.The results show that the areas of Zahedan city are in an unbalanced situation in terms of smart city indicators and in thi regard, the five areas of the city are very different from each other.Keywords: Spatial Analysis, Smart City, Zahedan City. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Spatial Analysis of Women Employment Patterns In Major Activity Sectors of Iran Rural Settlements
حسنعلی faraji bahram hajari z. torabi nader malaeiThe aim of this study was to identify basic and non-basic activities of rural women employment in major sectors and groups of economic activities in rural areas, and also, their spatial distribution in the country. The population of research consists of 693 cities of th MoreThe aim of this study was to identify basic and non-basic activities of rural women employment in major sectors and groups of economic activities in rural areas, and also, their spatial distribution in the country. The population of research consists of 693 cities of the country, which their figures and information have been extracted from the General Census of Population and Housing in 2011, and by using Location Quotients (LQ) technique, the fundamental parts which were the exporters of labor force have been identified. The results show that the Western and South Eastern agricultural regions of the country are the basic regions. In the industrial sector, mainly North West (West and East Azarbaijan Provinces) and Isfahan, Qom, Central, and some parts of the Hamedan, Zanjan, Qazvin, and Tehran Provinces are the exporters of rural women labor force to other areas. Also, the distribution in the service sector are mainly in Central, North, and South regions of the country which are considered as exporters of the rural women labor force in the service sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - The Combined Application of Factor Analysis with Spatial Zoning in the Development of Rural Areas with the Approach of the Role of Rural Women's Employment in the Ramsar County
Mostafa Taleshi Seyed Yaser HakimdoostTOne of the characteristics of the settlement system in developing countries is intense focus and spatial imbalance, which in some cases is due to the effects of polar growth policies. Research methods in applied study descriptive and analytical approach to governing . MoreTOne of the characteristics of the settlement system in developing countries is intense focus and spatial imbalance, which in some cases is due to the effects of polar growth policies. Research methods in applied study descriptive and analytical approach to governing . This scheme for the rural areas and 38 indicators, factor analysis was used . The results of the application of Moran's index of spatial distribution of positive and equal to 0/237 or more. And given that the Z-Score value is equal to 16/38 was estimated at 1% confidence level was greater than expected: (EI = 2.58) is, As a result of the spatial distribution of cluster development in rural areas is approved. Also, the General G statistic equal to 0/25 to Z Rating 3/96, which is at 0/01 is significant and indicates that the spatial pattern of development in rural areas of Ramsar city is clustered. The results show that , in 63 villages in the city of Ramsar criteria for rural development , rural women are directly related to employment . This analysis confirmed the bivariate Moran's test, and the results indicate a direct impact on rural women's role in rural development, and 33 percent in rural areas is the city of Ramsar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Spatial analysis of urban poverty Dynamics and zoning in Rasht metropolis
amer nikpour Mohammad Soleymani Behnaz Mohammadyarithe present study has identified different areas of poverty in Rasht. For this purpose, 23 indices extracted from statistical blocks were used. The results of the combination of indicators showed that poverty zones are concentrated phenomena, almost in the north, west a Morethe present study has identified different areas of poverty in Rasht. For this purpose, 23 indices extracted from statistical blocks were used. The results of the combination of indicators showed that poverty zones are concentrated phenomena, almost in the north, west and east of the city. And in contrast to the welfare zones in the central and southern parts of the city and concentrated throughout the city. Also, based on the other results of the study, we can conclude that overall poverty zone 61.21% of households, 61.46% The percentage of population and 34.11% of the total area of the city. The welfare zone covers 10.66 percent of the household, 10.43 percent of the population, and 23.2 percent of the city's area. Finally, using the Moran index available in Geoda software, the spatial autocorrelation of urban poverty in the study area was determined and the value of Moran's statistic (0.79) is indicative of the cluster pattern of poverty in Rasht. The results show that the increase in poverty reflects the growth of poor performance in the region. As class distances have increased, poverty is widened and class conflicts are more severe, social injustice is more severe and the mass of the unemployed is high, however, the fact is that urban areas are very diverse and there are significant differences in different viewing areas. The results show that government investment in specific areas has been influencing the rise of urban poverty in other areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Spatial analysis of geomorphic hazards in order to identify safe residential areas (Case study: urban areas of Gilan province)
Payam Jafari Hamid Majedi Hossein ZabihiGeomorphic hazards have occurred continuously and throughout history in different areas of the globe and continue to do so. But we recognize these events as a danger when they threaten human settlements and cause damage to man-made buildings, facilities, and equipment. MoreGeomorphic hazards have occurred continuously and throughout history in different areas of the globe and continue to do so. But we recognize these events as a danger when they threaten human settlements and cause damage to man-made buildings, facilities, and equipment. Also, since humanity has not been able to prevent the occurrence of many of these dangers, the best solution is to stay away from these dangers. However, many human settlements are placed in risky situations in terms of geomorphic hazards, which is a potential threat to them. Therefore, by identifying high-risk and safe residential areas, it is possible to prepare to deal with risks and to use safe residential areas in urban planning in future developments and constructions. Based on this, the present research was conducted with this concern to identify safe residential zones in Guilan province, which is considered a high-risk province in terms of geomorphic hazards, through spatial analysis. The research method is mixed or combined (quantitative and qualitative) and a combination of library and field methods was used to collect data and information. The results of this research showed that based on the opinions of specialists and experts, the most important geomorphic hazards that are considered as a threat to the urban areas of Guilan province include earthquakes, floods, landslides, erosion, subsidence, and liquefaction, respectively. In terms of the spatial distribution of safe residential areas, based on what was obtained from the output of the fuzzy model in the GIS software, 51.5% of the Guilan province is covered by unsafe and relatively unsafe levels in terms of geomorphic hazards. On the other hand, safe and relatively safe zones cover 23.4% of the area of Guilan province, and 25.1% of the area of the province is covered by the medium security zone. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Spatial analysis of healthy city indicators in Ilam’s townships centers
fatemeh piri saeed aman pour maryam abaspourCity is the symbol of social culture, the main consumer of natural resources and producer of the largest amount of pollution and wastes that affect human life, nature and environment structure. The increasing trend of urbanization followed by development of environmenta MoreCity is the symbol of social culture, the main consumer of natural resources and producer of the largest amount of pollution and wastes that affect human life, nature and environment structure. The increasing trend of urbanization followed by development of environmental, social and demographic impacts has caused extensive responses from advocates of a healthy life away from pollution, health governance, human society and environment health. In the mid-1980s, the healthy city approach was raised as a way to achieve personal and social desirability. Healthy city creates facilities to foster healthy and productive organs that can promote healthy environment and community health and provide the basis for the development of relationships, human interactions and improve the ecological situation in the city. This study analyzes the status of some of the indicators of a healthy environment in the cities of Ilam province. The research method was descriptive analytic and based on secondary official data in which Topsis model was used for ranking the urban areas of the province. The results show that there is a significant discrepancy between Ilam urban areas in terms of indicators of a healthy city. In this regard, the situation is more robust in the city center of Ilam and has been ranked first and the last place is the city center of Abdanan. After Ilam city center, the city centers of Malekshahi and Eivan were ranked second and third And at the End of the table, the city centers of Darre shahr and Shirvan, respectively, were rated next before Abdanan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Analyzing spatial distribution population in city hierarchies of golestan province (time period 1986-2006)
ایوب بدراق نژاد مجتبی حسین نژاد سمیه خسرویInresnt years nature and rate of population changes in the cuntry have caused first inharmenious urban population growth at the various sectious of time and secandly inharmenious distaribution of its growth in different provinces with notice to provincial conditio MoreInresnt years nature and rate of population changes in the cuntry have caused first inharmenious urban population growth at the various sectious of time and secandly inharmenious distaribution of its growth in different provinces with notice to provincial conditions and increasing and rapid growth trand. To clarifying many preblems such as causes and quality of relocation labor force and capital between cities , population high concentration in one region and decline in orders, studing urban network in urbanazation reserches has a considerable importence. In this regard with a quantitative- analytical opproach beased on statictical datas and library information this survey has analyzed urban network of golestan provinc Using spatial analysis such Rank-Zipf, Entropy coefficient, Varation coefficient, urban concentration and Primate city index, logarithmic distaribution , the distaribution Pattern of urban sethemamts indeues. Survey population includes all citys of the province golestan in three nose count from 1365- 1385 .Finding Reaserch are that urban concentration and Primate city index of the province have been increasing since 1375. RN index in the province golestan equals 1.75 which indicate random scattering with tendency to regulation pattarn. ResultS of the survey indicate that sustainable development and optimum urban and spatial hierarchy can be only attened by balanced distaribution of facilities and services and creation of equal opportunities for all cities of province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Study the Qualitative and Quantitative Indicators and Estimating Needed Home in Rasht City until 1400
ایرج غمخوار علیرضا کشوردوست رضا حسن پور پری موسی پور میاندهیMost cities of (our) country have been changed due to population increase in recent decades, and this reason has increased the importance of paying attention to urban and home planning. Thus home standard indicators are among the most key and important tools in home pla MoreMost cities of (our) country have been changed due to population increase in recent decades, and this reason has increased the importance of paying attention to urban and home planning. Thus home standard indicators are among the most key and important tools in home planning and with their study it is possible to define the effective parameters in home field and facilitating its planning and decision making. Quantitative indicators are family density, number of homes, family growth rate, density index of person per home, room average per home, room average per each family, individual average per each room. Research Qualitative indicators are as follows: forms of home occupation, types of building materials, facilities, equipment and quality of homes. Home situation is determined by studying the qualitative and quantitative indicators of home in Rasht. Based on findings of research during 1345-85 qualitative and quantitative indicators of home have been improved. In spite of all internal and external constructions in city, there are still 8331 homeless families based on comprehensive results of General Census of Population and Housing of Rasht city in 1385. According to population estimations, resident families in Rasht will reach 225244 up until year 1400 and family aspect decrease to 3.36. Assuming that the favorite density is 1.1 families per each home, then needed homes for satisfying population demands will be 191457 units. At the end, according to existing potential in urban suburb of Rasht (ruined places) it is clear that using maximum of these places with a proper progressive pattern, part of future needs inside the city will be satisfied. The research method is descriptive-analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Spatial analysis of activities in Guilan province
eisa pourramzan reza mahdaviHuman should keep in mind to use territory as much as it's potential to prevent poverty and destruction of territory and also kind of use should be determined refer to territory potentials, economic and social needs. Spatial development of Guilan province (north of Iran MoreHuman should keep in mind to use territory as much as it's potential to prevent poverty and destruction of territory and also kind of use should be determined refer to territory potentials, economic and social needs. Spatial development of Guilan province (north of Iran) is representing policies and socioeconomic attitude of the society in the past decades that can be characterized with elemental metamorphism in shape and spatial organization. Spatial organization of Guilan province is ruling by arrangement and distribution of members of a set in space for application of all members. In spatial organization of Guilan, dots like: entrances, villages, cities, regions (industrial, agricultural and service regions) and cities, grids like: roads, channels, power transfer lines etc. and areas like: agricultural lands, forests, sea, rivers and lagoons are important. Finally configuration of spatial structure can be presents balanced, incidental, concentrated, hierarchy or conversely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - مکانیابی کشت گیاه زینتی-دارویی زعفران براساس آنالیز AHP در محیط GIS در استان اردبیل
وحید اشرفی بهرام میرشکاری شهریار دشتی ابراهیم خلیلوند سلیم فرزانهتفاوتهای مکانی از نظر کشاورزی و تولید گیاهان دارویی و زینتی، ضرورت انجام تحقیق را آشکار میسازد. در حقیقت بدون فهم اگروکلیما، هیچ ناحیه کشاورزی، اقتصادی نخواهد بود. زعفران گیاه زینتی و دارویی از تیره زنبقیان، چند ساله و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ زﯾﺎد در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ هوا دارد. دادههای عوام Moreتفاوتهای مکانی از نظر کشاورزی و تولید گیاهان دارویی و زینتی، ضرورت انجام تحقیق را آشکار میسازد. در حقیقت بدون فهم اگروکلیما، هیچ ناحیه کشاورزی، اقتصادی نخواهد بود. زعفران گیاه زینتی و دارویی از تیره زنبقیان، چند ساله و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ زﯾﺎد در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ هوا دارد. دادههای عوامل اقلیمی دوره آماری 1994 تا 2015 در 15 ایستگاه استان اردبیل از قبیل میانگین بارندگی، دماهای بیشینه، کمینه و میانگین دما، رطوبت نسبی، ساعات آفتابی، تبخیر و تعداد روزهای یخبندان و دادههای عوامل اقلیمی از قبیل ارتفاع، شیب، جهت شیب، کاربری اراضی و pH خاک جمعآوری گردید. سپس نیاز اکولوژیکی مراحل فنولوژیکی زعفران مشخص شده و با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) معیارهای اصلی، معیارهای فرعی و گزینهها بر اساس ماتریسی محاسبه گردید. برای ارزشگذاری هریک از دادهها در محیط GIS قرار گرفت و با همپوشانی آنها نقشه نهایی پهنهبندی آگروکلیمایی کشت زعفران استان اردبیل تهیه شد. مطابق با معیارهای مورد ارزیابی، استان اردبیل به چهار منطقه تقسیمبندی شد: در حدود 8/19 درصد (355429 هکتار) دارای شرایط خیلی مناسب، 7/26 درصد (479291 هکتار) دارای شرایط مناسب، 3/29 درصد (52596 هکتار) دارای شرایط متوسط و 2/24 درصد (434414 هکتار) دارای شرایط نامناسب برای کاشت زعفران در استان اردبیل قرار دارند. همچنین مناطق شمالی استان اردبیل (دشت مغان) در مقایسه با سایر مناطق استان پتانسیل بالاتری برای کشت زعفران داشته و قابل توصیه میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - An Investigation on Cd and Pb Concentrations of Soils around the Kurdistan Cement Factory in Western Iran
Eisa Solgi -
Open Access Article
52 - Assessment of Groundwater Chemical Quality, Using Inverse Distance Weighted Method
Sh. Ashraf H. Afshari
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