مکان‌یابی کشت گیاه زینتی-دارویی زعفران براساس آنالیز AHP در محیط GIS در استان اردبیل

Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plants

وحید  اشرفی ¹ (Ph.D Student of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran)
بهرام  میرشکاری ² (Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran)
شهریار  دشتی ³ (Department of Agronomy, Maraghe University, Maragheh, Iran)
ابراهیم  خلیلوند ⁴ (Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran)
سلیم  فرزانه ⁵ (Department of Agronomy, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran)

Received: 2017-01-19 Accepted : 2017-04-22 Published : 2018-08-01

Keywords: سازگاری, تصمیم‌گیری, مکان‌یابی, آنالیز فضایی, چند مولفه‌ای,

Abstract :

تفاوت‌های مکانی از نظر کشاورزی و تولید گیاهان دارویی و زینتی، ضرورت انجام تحقیق را آشکار می‌سازد. در حقیقت بدون فهم اگروکلیما، هیچ ناحیه کشاورزی، اقتصادی نخواهد بود. زعفران گیاه زینتی و دارویی از تیره زنبقیان، چند ساله و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ زﯾﺎد در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ هوا دارد. داده‌های عوامل  اقلیمی دوره آماری 1994 تا 2015 در 15 ایستگاه استان اردبیل از قبیل میانگین بارندگی، دماهای بیشینه، کمینه و میانگین دما، رطوبت نسبی، ساعات آفتابی، تبخیر و تعداد روزهای یخبندان و داده‌های عوامل اقلیمی از قبیل ارتفاع، شیب، جهت شیب، کاربری اراضی و pH خاک جمع‌آوری گردید. سپس نیاز اکولوژیکی مراحل فنولوژیکی زعفران مشخص شده و با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) معیارهای اصلی، معیارهای فرعی و گزینه‌ها بر اساس ماتریسی محاسبه گردید. برای ارزش‌گذاری هریک از داده‌ها در محیط GIS قرار گرفت و با همپوشانی آنها نقشه نهایی پهنه‌بندی آگروکلیمایی کشت زعفران استان اردبیل تهیه شد. مطابق با معیارهای مورد ارزیابی، استان اردبیل به چهار منطقه تقسیم‌بندی شد: در حدود 8/19 درصد (355429 هکتار) دارای شرایط خیلی مناسب، 7/26 درصد (479291 هکتار) دارای شرایط مناسب، 3/29 درصد (52596 هکتار) دارای شرایط متوسط و 2/24 درصد (434414 هکتار) دارای شرایط نامناسب برای کاشت زعفران در استان اردبیل قرار دارند. همچنین مناطق شمالی استان اردبیل (دشت مغان) در مقایسه با سایر مناطق استان پتانسیل بالاتری برای کشت زعفران داشته و قابل توصیه می‌باشد.

References:

Akıncı, H., Ozalp, A.Y. and Turgut, B. 2013. Agricultural land use suitability analysis using GIS and AHP technique. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 97: 71–82.

Alavi-Shahri, H., Mahajeri, M. and Falaki, M.A. 1994. Effects of plant density on saffron yield. Abstracts of the Second National Symposium on Saffron and Medicinal Plants. 8-9 November 1994, Gonabad, Iran.

Alavi-Zadeh, S.A.M., Monazzam Esmaeelpour, A. and Hosseinzadeh Kermani, M. 2013. Possibility study of areas with potential cultivation of saffron in Kashmar plain using GIS. Saffron Agronomy and Technology, 1: 71-95.

Alizadeh, A., Sayari, N., Ahmadian, J. and Mohamadian, M. 2009. Study for zoning the most appropriate time of irrigation of saffron (Crocus sativus) in Khorasan Razavi, north and southern provinces. Journal of Water and Soil, 23: 109-118.

Amirghassemi, T. and Iranshahi, A. 2008. Saffron the red gold of Iran. 1th ed., Ayandegan Publication, Tehran.

Azizi-Zohan, A.A., Kamgar-Haghighi, A.A. and Sepaskhah, A.R. 2009. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) production as influenced by rainfall, irrigation method and intervals. Archive of Agronomy and Soil Science, 55: 547-555.

Azizur Rahman, M., Bernd Rusteberga, R.C., Gogub, J.P., Lobo Ferreirac, M. and Sautera, M. 2012. A new spatial multi-criteria decision support tool for site selection for implementation of managed aquifer recharge. Journal of Environmental Management, 99: 61–75.

Benschop, M. 1993. Crocus. In the physiology of flower bulbs; Chap. 19. de Hertog, A.; Le Nard,M.; Eds.; Elsevier Publishers: Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Boroushaki, S. and Malczewski, J. 2008. Implementing an extension of the analytical hierarchy process using ordered weighted averaging operators with fuzzy quantifiers in Arc GIS. Computers and Geosciences, 34: 399-410.

Bunruamkaew, K. and Murayam, Y. 2011. Site suitability evaluation for ecotourism using GIS & AHP: a case study of Surat Thani province, Thailand. Procedia, 21: 269–278.

Chen, H., Liu, G., Yang, Y., Ye, X. and Shi, Z. 2010. Comprehensive evaluation of tobacco ecological suitability of Henan province based on GIS. Agriculture Science China, 9 (4): 583–592.

Chen, J. and Zhu, Q. 2010. Uncertainty and decision strategy analysis of GIS-based ordered weighted averaging method. International Conference on Information, Networking and Automation (ICINA), Kunming. pp. 375-379.

Deep, S. and Saklani, A. 2014. Urban sprawl modeling using cellular automata. Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space, 17 (2): 179–187.

Eftekharzadeh-Maraghei, M.S. 1994. Investigating interaction effect of irrigation frequency and different rates of nitrogen fertilizer on saffron production in Maragheh. Research Report, 114.

Farajzadeh, M., Mirza Bayati, R., Rahimi, M. and Amiri, R. 2007. Preparation of saffron cultivation suitability map based on the comparison of different weighting methods in GIS environment. Map Asia Publication. Available from: http://geospatialworld.net/Paper/Application/ ArticleView.aspx?aid=219

Feizizadeh, B. and Blaschke, T. 2013. Landslide susceptibility mapping for the Urmia Lake Basin, Iran: A multi-criteria evaluation approach using GIS. International Journal of Environmental Research, 56: 1-23.

 

Feizizadeh, B., Jankowski, P. and Blaschke, T. 2014. A GIS based spatially-explicit sensitivity and uncertainty analysis approach for multi-criteria decision analysis. Computers and Geosciences, 64: 81–95.

Gorsevski, P.V., Jankowski, P. and Gessler, P.E. 2006. A Heuristic approach for mapping landslide hazard by integrating fuzzy logic with analytic hierarchy process. Control and Cybernetics, 35: 121-146.

Hossain, M.S. and Das, N.G. 2010. GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation to land suitability modelling for giant prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) farming in Companigonj Upazila of Noakhali, Bangladesh. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 70: 172- 186.

Javadian, M., Shamskooshki, H. and Momeni, M. 2011. Application of sustainable urban development in environmental suitability analysis of educational land use by using AHP and GIS in Tehran. Procedia Engineering, 21: 72–80.

Kafi, M. 2006. Saffron ecophysiology. In: Kafi, M., A. Koocheki, M.H. Rashed, M. Nassiri, (Eds.), Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) production and processing. Science Publishers, Enfield.

Kamkar, B., Dorri, M.A. and Teixeira da Silva, J.A. 2014. Assessment of land suitability and the possibility and performance of a canola (Brassica napus L.) – soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation in four basins of Golestan province, Iran. Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space, 17 (1): 95–104.

Khahro, S.H., Matori, A.N., Chando, I.A. and Talpur, M.A.H. 2014. Land suitability analysis for installing new petrol filling stations using GIS. Procedia Engineering, 77: 28–36.

Mashayekhi, K., Kamkar, B. and Soltani, A. 2006. The Effect of corm weight and environmental temperature on flowering behavior of saffron (Crocus sativus). In proceedings of 2^nd International Symposium on Saffron Biology and Technology. 28-30 October, Mashhad, Iran.

Meng, Y., Malczewski, J. and Boroushaki, S. 2011. A GIS- based multi-criteria decision analysis approach for mapping accessibility patterns of housing development sites: A case study in Canmore, Alberta. Journal of Geographic Information Systems, 3; 50-61.

Meteorological Organization of Iran, 2015. Available from http://www.irimo.ir/far/services/climate. Accessed 21th October 2015.

MANR Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 2013. Land use land cover mapping for Iran, Tehran, Iran. Marinoni, O., 2004. Implementation of the analytical hierarchy process with VBA in ArcGIS. Computers and Geosciences, 30: 637-646.

Nekhay, O., Arriaza, M. and Guzman-Alvarez, J.R. 2008. Spatial analysis of the suitability of olive plantations for wildlife habitat restoration. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 65: 49-64.

Rashed-Mohassel, M.H. 2006. Saffron botany. In: Saffron (Crocus sativus) (pp. 21-34). CRC Press.‏

Razavi, B.M. and Hosseinzadeh, H. 2015. Saffron (Crocus sativus) production and processing. Science Publishers, Enfield.

Roig-Tierno, N., Baviera-Puig, A., Buitrago-Vera, J. and Mas-Verdu, F. 2013. The retail site location decision process using GIS and the analytical hierarchy process. Applied Geography, 40: 191–198.

Saaty, T.L. 1977. A scaling method for priorities in hierarchical structures. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 15, 234–281.

Saaty, T.L. 1980. The analytic hierarchy process. New York: Mc Graw Hill.

Saaty, T.L. and Vargas, L.G. 1991. Prediction, projection and forecasting. Dordrecht: Kluwer.

Sadeghi, S. M., Dehnadi-Moghaddam, G. and Dooroodian, H. 2014. Evaluation of effects of date, depth and corm sowing distance on corms growth and stigma yield of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in Langarood, Guilanprovince. Saffron Agronomy and Technology, 2: 137- 144.

Sepaskhah, A.R. and Kamgar-Haghighi, A.A. 2009. Saffron irrigation regime. International Journal of Plant Production, 3: 1-16.

Shokati, B., Asgharipoura, M.R., Ghanbaria, A. and Feizizadeh, B. 2016. Suitability assessment of saffron cultivation using GIS based multi-criteria decision analysis approach; study area: East-Azerbaijan province. Desert, 21(2):115-131.

Triantaphyllou, E. and Mann, S.H. 1995. Using the analytic hierarchy process for decision making in engineering applications: some challenges. International Journal of Industrial Engineering: Theory, Applications and Practice, 2 (1): 35–44.

Vukicevic, J.S. and Nedovic-Budic, Z. 2012. GIS based multi criteria analysis in integration of SEA process in to planning, case study: South west region, Republic of Ireland. Interventional Journal of Environmental Research, 6: 1053-1066.

Wolch, J.R., Byrne, J. and Newell, J.P. 2014. Urban green space, public health, and environmental justice: The challenge of making cities ‘just green enough’. Landscape and Urban Planning, 125: 234-244.‏