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Open Access Article
1 - Effects of shade and solar drying methods on physicochemical and sensory properties of Mentha piperita L.
Mohsen Mokhtarian Ahmad Kalbasi-Ashtari Hassan Hamedi -
Open Access Article
2 - Estimating soil moisture characteristics curve using parametric scaled model
Samaneh Amanaabadi Mohamad hossein Mohamadi Mohamad hasan Masih abadiDirect measurement of soil moisture characteristics curve (SMC) due to spatial and temporal variation is labor and expensive. Therefore, estimation of SMC from basic soil properties which can be measured easily would be satisfactory. In this study, a dataset containing MoreDirect measurement of soil moisture characteristics curve (SMC) due to spatial and temporal variation is labor and expensive. Therefore, estimation of SMC from basic soil properties which can be measured easily would be satisfactory. In this study, a dataset containing 50 particle size distributions (PSD) data of UNSODA were selected to verify parametric and nonparametric (ROSETTA model). Results indicated that SMC is easily predictable by means of PSD curve and parametric models could predict SMC more accurate than ROSETTA software. In order to determine the effect of the number of model input in prediction of SMC two methods were used, full PSD method using at least 4 mass particle frequencies, semi PSD method using sand, silt and clay percentages as a model input. Statistical analysis revealed that semi PSD method is the best fitted model to experimental data. The semi PSD method predicted SMC more accurately in comparison with other methods as a result of data independency. The predicted SMC is continuous and more reliable in drying. So the semi PSD method could be used in irrigation programming. Since, sand, silt and clay percentages are easily available soil properties and their spatial-temporal variability are approximately constant, our method can be used as an alternative to predict SMC in large scale studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The effect of type, particle size and amount of biochar on some physical and mechanical properties of calcareous soil
Hassan Osooli Ahmad Karimi Hossein shirani Sayyed Hassan TabatabaeiRecently, biochar has been considered as a soil conditioner. In research, the effect of the type and amount of biochar on soil properties has been emphasized. This field study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of type, amount and size of biochar particles MoreRecently, biochar has been considered as a soil conditioner. In research, the effect of the type and amount of biochar on soil properties has been emphasized. This field study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of type, amount and size of biochar particles on the total porosity (TP), penetration resistance (PR), mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD) in a sandy loam texture. Factorial experiment was performed as a randomized complete block design with three factors of type, amount and biochar particle size in three replications. Wheat straw, vermicompost and apricot firewood biochard were added to the soil in 0.5, 1.5 and 3% and particle sizes of 0.5, 0.5-1 and 1-2 mm. All three biochar increased TP significantly and decreased PR significantly compared to control. Biochar type had the largest contribution in TP and PR changes. The highest TP was obtained in the wheat straw biochar treatment with 3% and particle size of 1-2 mm. The greatest decrease in PR was observed in wheat straw biochar with a value of 3% and a particle size of 0.5-1 mm. Interaction of type, amount and size of biochar particles had the largest contribution to MWD change. The largest MWD (1.22 mm) was observed in wheat straw biochar with biochar amount of 0.5% and particle size of 0.5 mm. The results showed that the amount and size of biochar particles had different effects on soil properties depending on the type of biochar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Granulometric variation of river suspended sediments due to sand and gravel mining (case study: Vaz River)
Seyed Hamid Reza Sadeghi Sudabe GharemahmudliThe correct determination and prediction of sediment transportation by the river is very important for water resources management, flood reduction and environmental sustainability projects. Analysis of sediment particle size can show important information about the orig MoreThe correct determination and prediction of sediment transportation by the river is very important for water resources management, flood reduction and environmental sustainability projects. Analysis of sediment particle size can show important information about the origin, history, transportation and deposition conditions of the sediment. However, this matter has been less considered. This study was therefore conducted at Vaz River located in Mazandaran Province to investigate effects of sand harvesting on morphometric characteristics of suspended sediments at upstream and downstream of the study mine. For this purpose, monthly samplings were made at upstream and downstream of the mine from February 2012 to January 2013. The particle sizes of suspended sediment were measured by Master Sizer and corresponding distribution and specifications including mean, sorting, skewness and kurtosis were also analyzed by the GRADISTAT software package. The range of variations of D10, D50, D90, and average particle size of the study samples were obtained as 0.34-1.12, 3.24-13.41, 14.12-90.74 and 3.19-11.45 microns. In addition, changes of sorting, skewness and kurtosis were found from 3.11 to 6.38, -0.13 to -0.32 and 0.88 to 1.29, respectively. Mines discontinuous activity and distance between study mines and sampling locations could be considered as main factors behind non-significant effects of sand and gravel mining on changing suspended sediment particle size distribution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Suspended sediment particle size distribution in Kojour river
Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi Mohamad Ali ZakeriInvestigation on physical characteristics of suspended sediment is an important subject in river studies. The particle size distribution of the suspended sediment is one of these physical properties represents important links between sources and fluvial mechanisms in th MoreInvestigation on physical characteristics of suspended sediment is an important subject in river studies. The particle size distribution of the suspended sediment is one of these physical properties represents important links between sources and fluvial mechanisms in the watersheds. However, limited studies have been conducted in field of suspended sediment particle size distribution. The present study therefore aimed to investigate the particle size distribution of suspended sediments in Kojour River within the period of one year. Toward this attempt, 24 suspended sediment samples were collected at intervals of some 15 days. The particle size distribution was determined after necessary preparations by laser scattering particle size of HORIBA LA-950. The results showed that the suspended sediment diameter were in the range of 0.82 to 353.55 microns during time of sampling and in different conditions. Also, the silt particles with partial contribution of 97.68 % had the largest contribution in the suspended sediment load. In addition, the results indicated that the precipitation and sand harvesting plays an important role in increasing the coarse particles of suspended sediment load. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Particle Size Distribution and Viscoelastic Behavior of French Dressing Containing Two Types of Commercial Waxy Maize Starches
M Mizani M. Yaghoti Moghaddam M. Alimi M. Salehifar -
Open Access Article
7 - Synthesis of Chromium Oxide Nano Particles by Thermal Decomposition Method
Bagher-Aziz kalantari Mohamad Reza Talei Bavil Olyai -
Open Access Article
8 - The effect of changing the percentage of flour particles on the quality of flour and bread production
aram mamudi maryam valinejad Sekine VaseghiThis research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of changing the percentage of flour particles on the qualitative and rheological indicators of flour and bread production. The desired flour was prepared from wheat variety N87-20 and was divided into three MoreThis research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of changing the percentage of flour particles on the qualitative and rheological indicators of flour and bread production. The desired flour was prepared from wheat variety N87-20 and was divided into three parts by the size of particles by a sieve shaker. 6 treatments including the percentages of flour on a sieve of 180 microns, on a sieve of 125 microns and under a sieve of 125 microns, respectively: treatment 1 of the control sample (18%, 30%, 52%), treatment number 2 (10%, 40%, 50%) ), treatment number 3 (25%, 10%, 65%), treatment number 4 (20%, 20%, 60%), treatment number 5 (15%, 15%, 70%) and treatment number 6 (25%, 30 percent, 45 percent) was The results showed that the investigated treatments had no significant effect on the percentage of wet gluten, percentage of dry gluten, percentage of ash, percentage of protein, L* and a* of the produced flour and the sensory properties and porosity of the produced bread, but on the gluten index, Zeleny, Faling's number, The color index b* of flour and the color indices L*, a* and b* of bread production showed a significant effect and finally, considering that treatment 5 has the highest Zelani number, gluten index and sensory index scores, it is introduced as the best treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Preparation and Characterization of ZrO2/ZnO Nanocomposite under Ultrasonic Irradiation via Sol-gel Route
Sh. Aghabeygi M. Zare-Dehnavi A. Farhadyar N. Farhadyar -
Open Access Article
10 - The effect of wheat fiber particle size on the quality properties of fermented layer pastry
Bijan khorshidpour Mahnaz Hashemi Ravan Saeedeh Aianifard Zohreh Yahyaei SufianiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding wheat fiber on rheological improvement of dough and sensory and qualitative properties of fermented layered pastry and to determine the optimal levels of increasing the amount of fiber and particle size in it MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding wheat fiber on rheological improvement of dough and sensory and qualitative properties of fermented layered pastry and to determine the optimal levels of increasing the amount of fiber and particle size in its formulation. wheat fiber with Particle sizes of 30, 50 and 80 μm were added to wheat flour used in pastries production. Fiber dough, pharyngography and extensography tests,cohesion, elasticity, firmness, chewability, volume and sensory evaluation of samples were examined.All experiments were performed in a completely randomized design using factorial experiment with 3 replications. According to the results of Farinograph test, the degree of loosening of the dough and the quality number of Farinograph and the stability of the dough decreased with increasing fiber and particle size and the percentage of water absorption increased. By increasing these two factors, the maximum strength of the dough and the energy required to knead the dough increased and the elasticity of the dough decreased. Finally, in order to produce useful fermented layered pastries containing wheat dietary fiber that also retains its desirable quality and sensory properties, wheat flour containing 2% wheat fiber with a particle size of 30 μm is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Effects of Active Material Particles Size Distribution on the Fabrication of TiNb2O7 Electrode Used in Lithium-Ion Batteries
Touraj Adhami Reza Ebrahimi-Kahrizsangi Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi Rad Somayeh Majidi Milad Ghorbanzadeh -
Open Access Article
12 - Fabrication of Al7075-MWCNT Composite Powder by Recycling Aluminum Alloy Chips Via High Energy Milling and Alloying
Parisa Fekri Dolatabad Vahid Pouyafar Ramin Meshkabadi -
Open Access Article
13 - Optimization of reaction conditions and effect of catalyst type on product distribution in Cyclooctene oxidation
Yahya Zamani Mehdi Bakavoli Ali Mohajeri Seyed Mohammad Seyedi -
Open Access Article
14 - Effects of Colliding Particle Size and Velocity on Mechanical Properties of AZ31 after Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment: Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Ali Kazemi Ali Heidari Kamran Amini Farshid Aghadavoudi Mohsen Loh-Mousavi -
Open Access Article
15 - Physical Form of Calf Starter: Applied Metabolic and Performance Insights
A. Nikkhah M. Alimirzaei -
Open Access Article
16 - Effects of Specific Gravity and Particle Size of Passage Marker on Particulate Rumen Turnover in Holestine Dairy Cattle
ا. تیموری یانسری -
Open Access Article
17 - اثرات اندازه ذرات خوراک و اندازه کرامبل جیرههای آغازین بر صفات عملکردی، خصوصیات لاشه و بافت شناسی روده کوچک جوجههای گوشتی
ع. شیرانی م. شیوازاد ع. سمیع م. چمنی ع.ا. صادقیاین مطالعه جهت بررسی اثرات اندازه ذرات خوراک و اندازه کرامبل جیرههای آغازین بر صفات عملکردی، خصوصیات لاشه و بافت ­شناسی روده کوچک جوجههای گوشتی انجام گرفت. 360 قطعه جوجه نر گوشتی سویه راس 308 به طور کاملاً تصادفی در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل 2 &t Moreاین مطالعه جهت بررسی اثرات اندازه ذرات خوراک و اندازه کرامبل جیرههای آغازین بر صفات عملکردی، خصوصیات لاشه و بافت ­شناسی روده کوچک جوجههای گوشتی انجام گرفت. 360 قطعه جوجه نر گوشتی سویه راس 308 به طور کاملاً تصادفی در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل 2 × 3 پخش شدند که شامل سه اندازه ذرات خوراک غربال شده (500، 1000، 1500 میکرومتر) و دو اندازه کرامبل (5/1 و 5/2 میلیمتر) بود. هر تیمار شامل 6 تکرار (10 پرنده در هر قفس) بود و جوجهها از سن 10-0 روزگی در قفس پرورش یافتند. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که نه تنها اثرات اصلی بلکه اثرات متقابل بین اندازه ذرات خوراک و اندازه کرامبل هیچگونه تأثیر معنیداری بر وزن بدن و شاخص تولید جوجههای گوشتی در سن 10 روزگی نداشت. با این وجود، اثرات متقابل معنیداری (0.05˂P) بین اندازه ذرات خوراک و اندازه کرامبل برای خوراک مصرفی، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و بازده خوراک مشاهده شد. اندازه ذرات خوراک تأثیر معنیداری (0.05˂P) بر وزن نسبی سنگدان داشت. افزایش اندازه ذرات خوراک به طور معنیدار (0.05˂P) وزن نسبی سنگدان را افزایش داد. اندازه ذرات خوراک 1500 میکرومتر و هم اندازه کرامبل 2.5 میلیمتر به طور عددی منجر به کاهش خوراک مصرفی، بهبود ضریب تبدیل غذایی و بازده خوراک، افزایش شاخص تولید و کاهش وزن چربی محوطه شکمی گردید. اندازه کرامبل تأثیر معنیداری (0.05˂P) بر ضخامت نسبی عضله سنگدان داشت. هرچه اندازه کرامبل افزایش یافت، ضخامت نسبی عضله سنگدان به طور معنیداری (0.05˂P) کاهش یافت. تاثیر اندازه کرامبل بر افزایش ارتفاع پرز ایلئوم معنیدار بود (0.05˂P). در واقع، با افزایش اندازه کرامبل ارتفاع پرز ایلئوم به طور معنیدار (0.05˂P) کاهش یافت. اثر متقابل معنیداری (0.05˂P) بین اندازه ذرات خوراک و اندازه کرامبل برای خوراک مصرفی، ضریب تبدیل غذایی، شاخص تولید و وزن نسبی سنگدان، ضخامت نسبی عضله سنگدان و وزن چربی سنگدان مشاهده شد. در جیرههای ساخته شده با اندازه ذرات خوراک 1500 میکرومتر و اندازه کرامبل 1.5 میلیمتر به طور معنیداری (0.05˂P) خوراک مصرفی کاهش و ضریب تبدیل غذایی و بازده خوراک افزایش یافت. در نتیجه، مشاهده شد که پرندگانی که از جیره با اندازه ذرات خوراک درشتتر (1500 میکرومتر) و اندازه کرامبل ریزتر (1.5 میلیمتر) تغذیه کردند، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و بازده خوراک بهتری داشتند که به دلیل بهبود توسعه سنگدان و فراسنجههای بافت­شناسی روده کوچک بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Effect of Milling Process on Colloidal Stability, Color and Rheological Properties of Pistachio Paste
A. Shakerardekani -
Open Access Article
19 - ارائه آزمون آزمایشگاهی جدید برای تعیین انرژی و قابلیت خردایش خوراک آسیای مجتمع مس سرچشمه
محمد رزانی ابوالفضل معصومی مسعود رضایی زاده محمد نوع پرستاز جمله عواملی که معمولا در آسیاها اندازهگیری آن دشوار میباشد، تعیین قابلیت خردایش خوراک و توزیع ابعاد به صورت واقعی و در زمان کوتاه است. در صورت دستیابی به راه حلی سریع و مناسب جهت تعیین این پارامترها میتوان رابطهای مناسب بین انرژی و سختی و دانهبندی پیدا نمود. سخت Moreاز جمله عواملی که معمولا در آسیاها اندازهگیری آن دشوار میباشد، تعیین قابلیت خردایش خوراک و توزیع ابعاد به صورت واقعی و در زمان کوتاه است. در صورت دستیابی به راه حلی سریع و مناسب جهت تعیین این پارامترها میتوان رابطهای مناسب بین انرژی و سختی و دانهبندی پیدا نمود. سختی خوراک یکی از عوامل بسیار موثر در خردایش مواد معدنی در فرآیند فرآوری مواد معدنی میباشد و این پارامتر به عواملی نظیر خواص مکانیکی مواد معدنی و شرایط برخورد وابسته است. استفاده بهینه از انرژی جهت خردایش مواد معدنی در آسیاها از اهداف اصلی این تحقیق میباشد. در این تحقیق سعی بر این است که مدلی تجربی مبنی بر شرایط برخورد واقعی در آسیا ارائه گردد. امروزه از آزمون آسیای نیمه خودشکن آزمایشگاهی جهت بررسی شرایط مدار خردایش در زمان تغییر توزیع دانه بندی خوراک، اندازه گلوله و سرعت آسیا و تخمین انرژی لازم برای خردایش کامل در آسیای خودشکن و نیمه خودشکن، استفاده میشود. در این تحقیق یک آزمون آسیای نیمه خودشکن جدید جهت اندازهگیری انرژی و قابلیت خردایش خوراک، پیشنهاد شده و اثر پارامترهای مختلف بر دانه بندی و سختی خوراک بررسی شده است. نتایج نشان میدهد تفاوت عدد سختی (A×b) بدست آمده از روش پیشنهادی جدید و آزمون بار افتان استاندارد 9/1 درصد است. همچنین با استفاده از روش پیشنهادی جدید میتوان انرژی لازم جهت خردایش و دانهبندی محصول را با دقت بالایی تخمین زد. Manuscript profile
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