Deficit irrigation

Open Access Article

1 - Simulation of sugar beet growth under water stress using AquaCrop model
Zahra Saadati Masoomeh Delbari مهدی پناهی Ebrahim Amiri

Simulation models that illustrate the effects of water on crop yield are useful tools to optimize water productivity and improve farm level water management. In this study, the performance of AquaCrop model to simulate canopy cover, biomass and yield of the sugar beet a More

Simulation models that illustrate the effects of water on crop yield are useful tools to optimize water productivity and improve farm level water management. In this study, the performance of AquaCrop model to simulate canopy cover, biomass and yield of the sugar beet and soil water content under six irrigation treatments was evaluated. The irrigation treatments were consisted of full irrigation (T1) as control, removing last irrigation (T2), applying irrigation water at 10% greater than control (T3), applying irrigation water at 10 (T4), 20 (T5) and 30% (T6) less than control. The experiment was conducted at Aleshtar in Lorestan province during growing seasons of 2014 and 2015, using a randomized complete block design. The first and second year’s data were used for calibrating and validating of the model, respectively. Evaluation of the model was performed using the coefficient of residual mass, root mean square error, normalized root mean square error, index of agreement and coefficient of determination. According to the results, the normalized root mean square error in the canopy cover and soil water content simulations for calibration was 5.18 to 9.41 percent and 9.91 to 17.23 percent, respectively and for validation was 6.64 to 9.2 percent and 12.36 to 25.77 percent, respectively. Also, the normalized root mean square error in the yield and biomass simulations for calibration was 7.3 and 8.67 percent and for validation was 7.69 and 9.82 percent, respectively. The results indicated a good performance of the AquaCrop Model in simulating the canopy cover development, biomass and yield of sugar beet and soil water content under different irrigation managements. Therefore, the AquaCrop model can be used to explore management scenarios to improve the sugar beet water management over the study region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Evaluation of the different levels of water supply in pistachio gardens using SEBAL algorithm (The case study of Sirjan Plain)
Alireza Badiehneshin Masoud Parsinejad Hamideh Noory

Regarding the development trend of pistachio gardens in many provinces and the severe shortage of water resources in these areas, the supply of water requirement of pistachio is not feasible. In order to optimize management in water shortage conditions, it is necessary More

Regarding the development trend of pistachio gardens in many provinces and the severe shortage of water resources in these areas, the supply of water requirement of pistachio is not feasible. In order to optimize management in water shortage conditions, it is necessary to evaluate the different levels of water supply during pistachio growth stages. The purpose of this study is determine the water supply status at different stages of pistachio growth using satellite images and SEBAL algorithm in Sirjan Plain. The actual evapotranspiration of pistachios was estimated using the SEBAL algorithm and Landsat 8 images. The result of this model was validated with Landsat 7 images. This model could calculate actual evapotranspiration of pistachio the same as other research with 20% error (0.6 mm/day). The results showed that supply of water in the third stage of growth (at the peak consumption) due to increased pistachio water requirement, insufficient water supply led to 30% deficit irrigation in Sirjan plain. In order to better irrigation management, production can be increased by reducing irrigation in the second stage and increasing irrigation in the third stage. The rate of deficit irrigation in the Sirjan Plain was 17% and it was in the tolerable threshold for the pistachio. The results show that the pistachio tree is resistant to deficit irrigation (up to 26%) in low salinity levels. In high water salinity (4000 μmho / cm), the effect of deficit irrigation and salinity is combined and pistachio production is rapidly reduced due to deficit irrigation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Effect of partial root-zone drying irrigation and plant density on yield and water productivity of forage corn
Hossein Sahradi Fayaz Aghayari

To study the effect of different methods of partial root-zone drying irrigation and plant density on yield and water productivity of forage corn a field experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement using randomized complete block design with four replications at More

To study the effect of different methods of partial root-zone drying irrigation and plant density on yield and water productivity of forage corn a field experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement using randomized complete block design with four replications at soil and water research institute, Karaj, Iran in 2014-2015 growing year. Different irrigation methods in three levels: I1: conventional furrow irrigation, I2: intermittent alternate furrow irrigation, I3: the fixed alternate furrow irrigation that were located in the main plots and plant density in three levels: D1: 75000 plants per hectare, D2: density of 85,000 per hectare, D3: density of 95,000 plants per hectare that were located in the sub plots. Results showed that the highest water productivity of Grain yield was achieved in treatment of the intermittent alternate furrow irrigation which showed 21.6 % significant increase in comparison to conventional furrow irrigation. Generally, method of intermittent alternate partial irrigation was a significant advantage compared to other irrigation methods in order to increase water productivity. The highest water productivity for biological fresh yield (11.97 kg.m-3) and WP for biological dry yield (3.91 kg.m-3) was achieved in treatment of the intermittent alternate furrow irrigation and density of 85,000 plant per hectare that increased 27.2% and 31.2% as compared to control treatment, respectively. Thus, method of partial root-zone drying irrigation (intermittent alternate) and density of 85,000 plants per hectare to increase productivity of forage corn is suggested in Karaj area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Evaluation of CWSI for Three of Corn Cultivars under Drip Irrigation Regimes (The Lands of Khuzestan Northern)
پیمان لالوند ali heydar nasrolahi محمد Kh مهری سعیدی نیا

This study was conducted to evaluate the CWSI index in different cultivars of maize under drip irrigation Strategies at Safi Abad Agricultural Research Center, north of Khuzestan province. Irrigation management factors included T100 (100% water requirement), T75 (75% wa More

This study was conducted to evaluate the CWSI index in different cultivars of maize under drip irrigation Strategies at Safi Abad Agricultural Research Center, north of Khuzestan province. Irrigation management factors included T100 (100% water requirement), T75 (75% water requirement) and T50 (50% water requirement) were in main plots and maize hybrids including Single Cross 704 (SC), Mobin (M) and Karun (K) were subplots. High and low baseline relationships were estimated for all three cultivars with high accuracy (R2 <0.8) during the growing season. CWSI index varied from 0.01 to 0.46 for different treatments and at different growth stages. The results of statistical analysis showed that the difference of water stress index of maize was not significant between different cultivars but the effect of irrigation management on it was significant at 1% probability level. Accordingly, CWSI values of 0.17, 0.15, and 0.12 were estimated for corn growth and development, middle and end stages, respectively, to determine drip irrigation time using this index. In addition, the results showed that there was a high correlation between CWSI and maize yield and were derived the relationships to estimate yield by using this index. Based on these relationships, Caron hybrid had the highest sensitivityto water stress, with the coefficient or slope of grain and biological yield reduction against water stress were 21% and 47% respectively than were higher from other two cultivars. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Simulating water and soluble salts in deficit irrigation for some crops
Shabnam Alinejad Feridon Kaveh

One of the most efficient strategies for optimal use of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions is the so-called deficit irrigation. Deficit irrigation by reducing number of irrigation or lowering volume of applied water in each irrigation may cause rela More

One of the most efficient strategies for optimal use of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions is the so-called deficit irrigation. Deficit irrigation by reducing number of irrigation or lowering volume of applied water in each irrigation may cause relative yield reduction per unit of farm. This may also cause salt stress in addition to water stress. In arid and semi-arid regions, this may reduce soluble salt leaching from the root zone, especial when growing salt sensitive crops, which causes further yield reduction. It is understood that in these regions leaching salts by providing adequate drainage is the normal practice to cope with water and salinity stresses. In this research using steady state calculation and management salt balance model (SaltMod), the effect of deficit irrigation was studied for four salt tolerant and salt sensitive crops in a long period (20 years) to find out the effect of salt and water stresses on yield of these crops. The salt tolerant crops were wheat and sugar-beet, and salt sensitive crops were corn and sugarcane which are important cultivated crops in Khuzistan province of Iran. Long time changes in soil profile and drainage water was also calculated and simulated. The results of this study showed that in a representative soil of arid-region (central Khuzistan area) with very high salt content upon installing drainage system and required leaching to bring root zone salinity to normal range (ECe < 4 dS/m), there is a good chance to continue wheat and sugar-beet cultivation with normal deficit irrigation (around 20 percent) for a long time. However it was not possible to use normal deficit irrigation for maize and sugarcane for more than a few years without complete crop loss. Increasing salinity of root zone showed the above process very clearly. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Calibration of CERES-Barley model using inverse modeling method under deficit irrigation conditions
Behnam Ababaei Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi Bahman Farhadi Bansouleh Teymour Sohrabi Farhad Mirzaei

Crop simulation models are used for understanding plants response to the change of surrounding environment and to evaluate crop physiological and morphological characteristics to enhance crop production and to contribute to the efficient use of water and soil resources. More

Crop simulation models are used for understanding plants response to the change of surrounding environment and to evaluate crop physiological and morphological characteristics to enhance crop production and to contribute to the efficient use of water and soil resources. Yet, the evaluation of these models is a prerequisite for their use in assessing different management strategies. In this study, CERES-Barley from DSSAT software package (version 4) was calibrated by using inverse modeling method and PEST model. This study was conducted with 11 experimental treatments each with three replicates in the form of complete randomized block design. The irrigated treatments were consisted of 100 (T100), 90 (T90), 80 (T80), 70 (T70), 60 (T60), 50 (T50), 40 (T40), 30 (T30), 20 (T20), and 10 (T10) percent of crop water requirement. The rainfed treatment was consisted of one irrigation at planting (November 1st) and the other at first spring (April 8th) before introducing water stress. The results indicated that the model could reasonably well simulate these amounts up to T50 with acceptable accuracy. The calculated SRMSE statistics between T50 and T100 treatments for the simulated grain yield, straw yield, and total crop yield was 5.5, 10.9, and 3.6 percent, respectively. The corresponding R2 values were obtained to be 95, 69, and 93 percent, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Simulating soybean irrigation scheduling using BUDGET model
Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi

Precise prediction and scheduling of plant irrigation water can increase water use efficiency while preventing possible periodical stress. In this study, the performance of BUDGET model in irrigation scheduling was assessed and compared with real data unde More

Precise prediction and scheduling of plant irrigation water can increase water use efficiency while preventing possible periodical stress. In this study, the performance of BUDGET model in irrigation scheduling was assessed and compared with real data under soybean deficit irrigation water management under two consecutive years 2008 and 2009. The experiment was conducted in the form of randomized complete blocks design in four furrow irrigation treatments each with three replicates. The treatments include full irrigation, (control), conventional deficit irrigation at 50% and 75% of the soil moisture deficit compensation, and partial root drying treatment at 50% of the soil moisture deficit compensation. The results indicated that the performance modeling indices of RMSE and CRM in 2008 were 3.91 and -0.18 and in 2009 were 4.76 and -0.11, respectively. The obtained EF index was 0.69 and 0.78 in 2008 and 2009, respectively, indicating that the model performed acceptable predictions of crop yield. The overall results revealed that the use of BUDGET model by adjusting crop coefficients in different growth stages, soil and plant characteristics can provide more acceptable outputs. Further, the sensitivity analysis indicated that BUDGET model is less sensitive to irrigation water depth and initial soil water content in the full irrigation treatment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Deficit irrigation simultaneously with reduced available water the solution to conservation of water resources in Qazvin plain
Abozar Parhizkari Mohammad Mahdi Mozaffari Mohsen Shokatfadaee Abolfazl Mahmoodi

In the present study first the agricultural production functions was estimated based on three techniques of  full irrigation and deficit irrigation 5 and 10 percent in order to presentation of the practical solution to conservation of surface and underground water More

In the present study first the agricultural production functions was estimated based on three techniques of  full irrigation and deficit irrigation 5 and 10 percent in order to presentation of the practical solution to conservation of surface and underground water resources in Qazvin plain. The optimal amounts of cropping pattern were determined in Qazvin province by a non-linear programming model. Then, the effects of deficit irrigation was investigated on cropping pattern, water used and farmer’s gross marginal simultaneously with reduced available water under scenarios 10, 20, 30 and 40 percent. To estimating of the agricultural production functions was used Ordinary Least Squares method and Eviews software. The non-linear programming model was solved in GAMS software. The results of estimated production functions showed that deficit irrigation 5 percent creates a slight decrease in products yield. But, deficit irrigation 10 percent has the negative effect on yield of most products. The results of non-linear programming model showed although use of deficit irrigation 5 percent simultaneously with reduced available water policy creates the slight decrease in farmer’s gross marginal but this technique helps to maintain and sustainability of surface and underground water resources of Qazvin plain strongly. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Super Absorbent Polymer Effects on some Chemical and Physical Properties of Soil and Nutrients Releasing from Manure in Different Humidity Levels
Elnaz Azizvand Elnaz Sabbaghe taze Maryam Haji rasouli

10.22034/jest.2019.25115.3417

Background and Objective: Considering the limited water resources and organic matter deficiency in Iran, joint application of super absorbent polymer and organic manure can be effective option to improve soil physical and chemical properties, fertility and maintenause o More

Background and Objective: Considering the limited water resources and organic matter deficiency in Iran, joint application of super absorbent polymer and organic manure can be effective option to improve soil physical and chemical properties, fertility and maintenause of water storage. The purpose of this study was investigation the effect of super absorbent polymer on the amount of releasing of nutrients from manure in low humidity levels. Method: An experiment was conducted in a factorial form based on a completely randomized design with 18 treatments and three replications. The first factor was  amendment type and amount including six levels consists of a) no amendment (C), b) super absorbent polymer in rate of 0.2 % W/W (AS0.2), g) super absorbent polymer in rate of 0.4% W/W (AS0.4), d) manure in rate of 2%W/W (M), m) combination of super absorbent polymer in rate of 0.2% W/Wand manure in rate of 2% W/W (AS0.2+M), h) combination of super absorbent polymer in rate of 0.4%W/W and manure in rate of 2%W/W (AS0.4+M). The second factor was humidity with three levels including 80 % (h1), 70% (h2) and 60% (h3) of field capacity. Findings: Results showed that application of super absorbent polymer in rate of 0.2% W/Wand manure in rate of 2% W/W was more effective in improving chemical  soil properties such as increasing available phosphorus, available potassium, field capacity and cation exchange capacity and decreasing available sodium. In most cases there was not significant difference between super absorbent polymer in rate of 0.2% W/Wand manure in rate of 2% W/W and super absorbent polymer in rate of 0.4% W/Wand manure in rate of 2% W/W. Discussion and Conclusion:  Regarded to results it can be suggested that joint application of super absorbent polymer in rate of 0.2%W/W and manure in rate of 2%W/W was the best treatment in low humidity levels. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Increasing the efficiency of consuming cotton water using refined domestic sewage water under the conditions of applying different irrigation levels
Ali Neshat Farzin Forouzesh

10.30495/jest.2023.73132.5853

Background and Objective: The water resources restriction introduces the water use efficiency in the agricultural section. In this study, an experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of More

Background and Objective: The water resources restriction introduces the water use efficiency in the agricultural section. In this study, an experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of refined sewage on the performance and performance elements of cotton in the city of Kerman.  Material and Methodology: The experiment treatments were considered as three percent water requirement of plant as main factors: I1 =100, I2=85, and I3 =70 and two water quality as secondary factors: Q1 = well water and Q2 = domestic refined sewage.  Findings: The results showed that the 15 percent deficit-irrigation in comparison with the full water requirement when the domestic refined sewage is used in providing the full water requirement of the plant caused 14.8 percent increase in the water use efficiency and economizing 2405m3 water in conditions and the crop performance and morphologic characteristics remain constant relatively.Discussion and Conclusion: Accordingly, the refined sewage can face the water deficit problem of the country and increase the efficiency of irrigation. Also, the 15 percent deficit irrigation in comparison with the full providing of water requirement is recommended in the cotton planting in the Kerman province in order to economize the water use. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - The role of deficit irrigation in compromising environmental – economical goals of cropping pattern in Fars Province
Hamid Mohammadi Parviz Haghightjo Alireza Sargazi

10.22034/jest.2017.11631

Background and Objective: The purpose of this research is the role of deficit irrigation in compromising environmental – economical goals of cropping pattern in Fars Province. Method: This technique is considered as a strategy to increase profitability. However, i More

Background and Objective: The purpose of this research is the role of deficit irrigation in compromising environmental – economical goals of cropping pattern in Fars Province. Method: This technique is considered as a strategy to increase profitability. However, in addition to profitability goal, many studies have focused to optimize water and fertilizers consumption as environmental objectives. Current study investigates the rule of deficit irrigation in a model that compromises the economic and environmental objectives. Fasa city in Fars province were selected as the study area since placed in warm climate field and affected by water stress. A Fuzzy nonlinear programming model were used to compromise the goals of maximum gross margin and minimum chemical fertilizer and water consumption for a representative farm in study area. This model was subjected to yield response functions to water and other constraints. Findings: The results showed that the representative farm is inefficient to select cropping pattern in comparison to compromised goals model. This comparison also revealed there is a the possibility for increasing income of representative farm by applying full irrigation to gain potential yield and reducing cultivation area for considering the available water restrictions. Discussion and Conclusion: Although, increasing of gross margin is conflicted by decreasing water consumption and partly by reducing fertilizer use, but generalizing the results of representative farm to the whole city showed that implementation of this model will add the revenues about 94 billion Rials in total area. While the positive environmental outcomes such as reducing about 4.6 million cubic meters of water and 7,246 tons of chemical fertilizer would be the other results of implementing this model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - A review of some studies on the effect of irrigation and fertilizer management on soybean yield
Amir Nikakhtar Najme Yazdanpanah

10.30495/qafj.2022.1952435.1024

The amount of water required by the plant is an important factor in the growth of soybeans and has a significant effect on its yield. The amount of soil moisture for optimal growth of each plant should have an optimal level that getting more or less than this optimal le More

The amount of water required by the plant is an important factor in the growth of soybeans and has a significant effect on its yield. The amount of soil moisture for optimal growth of each plant should have an optimal level that getting more or less than this optimal level, plant growth decreases and soybean yield is affected by the total number of pods per shrub, the number of seeds per pod and the weight of each seed To investigate the effect of drought stress on physiological traits of soybeans; Drought stress reported a significant reduction in the amount of the photosynthesis and grain yield Increasing irrigation and rain water consumption efficiency is affected by the correct application of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen. In addition, nitrogen deficiency after water shortage is the most important factor in reducing crop production, especially cereals. Among the yield components, the number of pods per node was significantly affected by nitrogen fertilizer, so that by increasing the amount of nitrogen, the number of pods per node was increased. In general, optimizing water and fertilizer consumption in crops, especially oilseeds, can increase agricultural production as well as save water resources. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Evaluation Impact of Different Irrigation Regime and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Qualitative Characteristics of Wheat
Morteza Mohamadi Kamran Mohsenifar Abdolali Gilani

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Assessment Effect of Different Irrigation Regime and Fertilizer Combinations on Seed Yield, Radiation Use Efficiency and Biochemical Parameters of Corn
Mohammad Nasri Mansoreh Khalatbari

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Investigation Effect of Different Irrigation Regime and Super Absorbent Poly-mer on Seed Yield and Morphological Traits of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Mahshid Kazempor Saeed Zakernejad

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - بررسی تأثیر کم‌آبیاری و شوری آب آبیاری در مراحل مختلف رشد بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد هیبرید ذرت KSC-500 در اقلیم اهواز
امیر سلطانی محمدی حیدرعلی کشکولی احمد نادری سعید برومندنسب

     این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثر کمآبیاری و شوری آب آبیاری در مراحل مختلف رشد بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت دانه‌ای رقم 500KSC- در اقلیم شهرستان اهواز و در فصل زراعی 90-1389 اجرا گردید. تحقیق در سه آزمایش مستقل و هر یک در قالب کرتهای خرد شد More

     این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثر کمآبیاری و شوری آب آبیاری در مراحل مختلف رشد بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت دانه‌ای رقم 500KSC- در اقلیم شهرستان اهواز و در فصل زراعی 90-1389 اجرا گردید. تحقیق در سه آزمایش مستقل و هر یک در قالب کرتهای خرد شد و نیز در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه سطح آبیاری و سه سطح شوری، در سه تکرار و در سه مرحله رشد رویشی (آزمایش یک)، گلدهی (آزمایش دو) و بعد از گلدهی (آزمایش سه) انجام شد. تیمارهای آبیاری، شامل I1، I2 و I3 به ترتیب معادل 100، 75 و 50 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه و تیمارهای شوری، شامل S1، S2 و S3 به ترتیب معادل شوری آب رودخانه کارون در روز آبیاری (S1)، S2=S1+1 و S3=S1+2 دسیزیمنس بر متر بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل کمآبیاری و شوری آب آبیاری در هر سه آزمایش بر صفات مورد مطالعه (تعداد دانه در بلال، وزن 100 دانه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیکی و شاخص برداشت) معنی‌دار نبود. اما با افزایش کم آبیاری و شوری آب آبیاری، میانگین صفات مورد بررسی کاهش یافت. حداکثر عملکرد دانه، در آزمایش، یک از تیمار I2 و برابر با 2/5 تن در هکتار به دست آمد و در آزمایشهای دو و سه، حداکثر عملکرد دانه به ترتیب 8/5 و 2/6 تن در هکتار از تیمار I1 حاصل شد. در شرایط تنش شوری، حداکثر عملکرد دانه، از تیمار S1 به دست آمد که برای آزمایش یک، دو و سه به ترتیب،  برابر با 3/5، 5/5، 7/6 تن در هکتار بود. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، حساسترین مرحله رشد نسبت به کمآبیاری و شوری آب آبیاری، مرحله بعد از گلدهی ارزیابی شد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - اثر سوپرجاذب بر روند طولی گیاه نخودفرنگی تحت شرایط تنش خشکی
فرحناز احمدی نورالدین وند داود خدادادی دهکردی

در این تحقیق اثر سوپرجاذب بر رشد طولی گیاه نخودفرنگی تحت شرایط تنش خشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. طرح آزمایشی به صورت طرح فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی بود. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی در این پژوهش شامل: تیمارهای آبیاری، که در دو سطح 100 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه (I1) و 75 درصد ن More

در این تحقیق اثر سوپرجاذب بر رشد طولی گیاه نخودفرنگی تحت شرایط تنش خشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. طرح آزمایشی به صورت طرح فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی بود. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی در این پژوهش شامل: تیمارهای آبیاری، که در دو سطح 100 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه (I1) و 75 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه (I2) بودند. فاکتور دوم سطوح کاربرد سوپرجاذب بود که در سه سطح تیمار کنترل (S0)، 5/0 درصد وزنی از خاک گلدان (S1) و 1 درصد وزنی از خاک گلدان (S2) بودند. فاکتور سوم محل کارگذاری سوپرجاذب درون گلدان بود؛ که شامل کارگذاری سوپرجاذب در 10 سانتی&lrm;متر اول خاک گلدان (O)، کارگذاری سوپرجاذب در طول محدوده ریشه در گلدان (M) و کارگذاری سوپرجاذب در 10 سانتی&lrm;متر آخر خاک گلدان (U) بودند. بعد از اعمال تنش خشکی، هر 15 روز یکبار و طی شش مرحله ارتفاع گیاه اندازه&lrm;گیری شد. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق، درصورتی&lrm;که محل کارگذاری سوپرجاذب در 10 سانتی&lrm;متر آخر خاک گلدان (U) باشد، از مرحله دوم اندازه&lrm;گیری به بعد، رشد طولی گیاه افزایش یافت و در اکثر مراحل، هنگامی که آبیاری به میزان 75 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه (I2) و سوپرجاذب به مقدار 5/0 درصد وزنی از خاک گلدان (S1) بود، رشد طولی گیاه نخودفرنگی به حداکثر مقدار خود رسید. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Evaluating Yield and Morphological Traits Response of Some Millet Accessions to Stopping off Irrigation at Flowering Stage
A. Nakhaei M.R. Abbasi E. Arazmjoo

To evaluate the response of 13 millet accessions to skip irrigation at terminal growth stage, two separate experiments based on randomized complete block design with three replications conducted at the Agricultural Research Center of Birjand, Iran, in 2005 and 2006. Irr More

To evaluate the response of 13 millet accessions to skip irrigation at terminal growth stage, two separate experiments based on randomized complete block design with three replications conducted at the Agricultural Research Center of Birjand, Iran, in 2005 and 2006. Irrigation was stopped in the first experiment at 10% flowering while irrigation was conducted as usual, in the second experiment once every 7 days. Combined analysis of variance showed that stopping at flowering time irrigation leads to reduction in all investigated traits, especially dry forage and grain yield. Accession numbers 15-143 (Southern Khorasan accession) and 15-24 (Yazd) produced highest grain and dry forage yield in both years and accession number 15-132 (Hamadan) had the lowest yield against all the others. According to the results of this study and considering the severe reduction of grain and dry forage yield recommending deficit irrigation treatment, at flowering would not be feasible at Birjand region. Also, number 15-131 (Southern Khorasan) accession had an acceptable grain yield and dry forage on both irrigation regimes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Fesibility Study on Increasing Water Use Efficiecy in (Thymus vulgaris L.) in Different Planting Pattern and Partial with Using Biochar
Kiomars Fakhri Saeed Sayfzadeh Mansour Sarajooghi Seyed Alireza Valad Abadi Ismail Hadidi Masouleh

10.30495/JCEP.2023.1926358.1792

The purpose of this field was to study the effect of biochar application and different planting patterns in different irrigation regimes on the growth and yield of thyme essential oil. The studied treatments include irrigation (irrigation of all furrows, irrigation of f More

The purpose of this field was to study the effect of biochar application and different planting patterns in different irrigation regimes on the growth and yield of thyme essential oil. The studied treatments include irrigation (irrigation of all furrows, irrigation of furrows as one in constant and one in variable (biochar (non-application of biochar and application of biochar at 8 tons per hectare) and planting pattern (single row cultivation) Thyme and cultivation of two rows of thyme) on the growth and yield of the thyme plant. This experiment was carried out in two cropping years of 1397 and 1398 in the form of split plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the highest yield of flowering branches was obtained in the treatment of irrigation of all furrows + application of biochar with mean of 1701 kg. ha-1. In this study, the highest yield of essential oil with 24.7 kg. ha-1 was obtained in the treatment of furrow irrigation as a constant interval + application of biochar + cultivation of two rows of thyme. Based on the results of this study, the application of biochar and two-row cultivation caused a significant increase in the yield of thyme essential oil. In general, despite the decrease in growth and yield of thyme dry matter, furrow irrigation treatments as one-to-one variables increased essential oil yield by significantly increasing the percentage of essential oil and reducing water consumption. Biochar treatment also had a positive effect on all vegetative and functional traits of thyme. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Simulation of the Effect of Irrigation Management on Yield, Biomass and Water Use Efficiency of Canola (Brassica napus L.) Using AquaCrop Model
Afsaneh Gholami Aslan Egdernezhad Niaz Ali Ebrahimipak

10.30495/JCEP.2023.1930748.1804

The aims of this study is evaluate AquaCrop in simulating rapeseed yield, biomass and water use efficiency under different irrigation amounts (E1, E2, E3 and E4, indicating water supply of 50, 75, 100 and 125 mm from the evaporation pan, respectivly) was performed in th More

The aims of this study is evaluate AquaCrop in simulating rapeseed yield, biomass and water use efficiency under different irrigation amounts (E1, E2, E3 and E4, indicating water supply of 50, 75, 100 and 125 mm from the evaporation pan, respectivly) was performed in three cropping years (Y1, Y2 and Y3 representing the first, second and third years, respectively). In order to calibrate this model, the data collected from the first year used for calibration and data for the second and third year were used for validation. The results showed that AquaCrop had an overestimated error (MBE< 0) to simulate all three parameters studied. The accuracy of AquaCrop was excellent for simulating yield and biomass (NRMSE <0.1) and good for water use efficiency (NRMSE <0.2). The mean differences between simulated and observed yield, biomass and water use efficiency water were 0.19 t.ha-1, 0.78 t.ha-1 and 0.05 kg.m-3, respectively. Based on the results, use of AquaCrop to simulate rapeseed yield, biomass and water use efficiency is recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Effect of Different Deficit-Irrigation Methods on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat (Parsi Cultivar)
Nadia Jafari Fayaz Aghayari Farzad Paknejad

To study the effect of different deficit-irrigation methods on yield and water use efficiency of wheat under different water applications a field experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement using randomized complete block design with four replications at the Re More

To study the effect of different deficit-irrigation methods on yield and water use efficiency of wheat under different water applications a field experiment was carried out in split plot arrangement using randomized complete block design with four replications at the Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch, Iran in 2014-2015 growing year. Deficit irrigation with three levels were I100: use of 100% wheat water requirement, I75: use of 75% wheat water requirement and I50: use of 50% wheat water requirement, which were assigned to the main plots and irrigation methods with three levels, consisting of M1: conventional furrow irrigation, M2: fixed alternate-furrow irrigation and M3: periodic alternate-furrow irrigation which were assigned to the sub plots. The results showed that by using 100% wheat water requirement grain yield in the fixed and periodic alternate-furrow irrigation methods decreased by 21.8 and 23.7 percents as compared to conventional furrow irrigation method, respectively. The highest water use efficiency for grain yield (1.63 kg.m-3) was obtained when 75% wheat water requirement and fixed and alternate-furrow irrigation methods and the lowest water use efficiency for grain yield (1.24 kg.m-3) was obtained when to 50% wheat water requirement, with conventional furrow irrigation method, was used. Also, the highest water use efficiency for biologic yield (4.38 kg.m-3) was obtained at 50% wheat water requirement, with fixed alternate-furrow irrigation method, that decreased 31.5 percent as compared to I100M1. According to the results of this study, the application of alternate furrow irrigation with 75% crop water requirement can be used to increase water use efficiency for wheat yield in the studied area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Evaluation of superabsorbent effect on some of the yield components of corn under drought stress conditions in the Khuzestan province
Davoud Khodadadi Dehkordi mohsen solimani babarsad Kamran Mohsenifar

The aim of this study was the impact evaluation of superabsorbent on some of the yield components of corn (SC704) under drought stress conditions. The experimental design was according to split plot method in a randomized complete block design that was done with 12 trea More

The aim of this study was the impact evaluation of superabsorbent on some of the yield components of corn (SC704) under drought stress conditions. The experimental design was according to split plot method in a randomized complete block design that was done with 12 treatments and three replications in Hamidiyeh region, Khuzestan, Iran. In this study, three different depths of irrigation were considered as the main treatment including I1, I2, I3 as 100, 75 and 50 percent of water requirement of plant, respectively and different levels of superabsorbent were used as secondary treatment including S0, S1, S2 and S3, equal to 0 (control), 15, 30 and 45 gr m-2, respectively. According to the results, the independent effect of irrigation treatments at 1% level was significant on the number of grains per row and at 5% level was significant on ear length of corn. But, this effect at 5% level was not significant on the number of grain rows and grain protein percentage of corn. The independent effect of superabsorbent treatments at 1% level was significant on the number of grains per row. But, this effect at 5% level was not significant on the number of grain rows, ear length and grain protein percentage of corn. It was concluded that using superabsorbent with applying the less water, achieving the more yield components. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Impact evaluation of the superabsorbent polymer on the yield and some growth factors of green pea plant under drought stress conditions
Babak Karimian Nemati Davoud Khodadadi Dehkordi Kamran Mohsenifar

In this research, the effect of superabsorbent polymer on the yield and some of the growth factors of green pea plant under the drought stress was investigated. The experimental factors included: irrigation treatments at two levels of 100% water requirement (I1) and 70% More

In this research, the effect of superabsorbent polymer on the yield and some of the growth factors of green pea plant under the drought stress was investigated. The experimental factors included: irrigation treatments at two levels of 100% water requirement (I1) and 70% water requirement (I2) by the plant. The second factor included the levels of superabsorbent application which included three levels of control treatment (S0), potting soil with a weight percentage of 1 (S1) and potting soil with a weight percentage of 2 (S2). The third factor was the location of superabsorbent application which included its application at the upper 10 cm of potting soil (O), the area around the root length within the pot (M), and at the 10 cm lower end of the potting soil (U). According to the results, the largest amounts of root length, root dry weight, plant dry weight, grain dry weight and number of pods per plant were achieved when the irrigation water amount was equal to 70% of the plant water requirement (I2), the superabsorbent amount was equal to 1% of the potting soil (S1) and the superabsorbent was at the 10 cm lower end of the pod (U) and the largest amount of number of grains per pod occurred at I2S2U treatment and their differences were significant at 5% level compared to the control treatment. The presence of the superabsorbent at the surface and middle of the pot had not been much effective in providing water and nutrients for the plant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Effect of potassium and zinc application on yield and yield components in normal irrigation and deficit irrigation
M. Ghalenoei Gh. Moafporian M. Drostkar

Due to water limitation, using nutrients can reduce the loss resulted from stress. In order to investigate the effect of zinc Sulfate and potassium sulfate in two irrigation methods, an experiment based on split factorial in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) wit More

Due to water limitation, using nutrients can reduce the loss resulted from stress. In order to investigate the effect of zinc Sulfate and potassium sulfate in two irrigation methods, an experiment based on split factorial in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted. Two irrigation methods (conventional irrigation and deficit irrigation) were considered as main plots and different levels of zinc (zero, 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha) and potassium sulfate (zero, 75, 150 and 225 kg/ha) as sub plot. The results showed that the spike length, number of grains per spike, grain yield, biological yield and 1000 grain weight in conventional irrigation were more than deficit irrigation. Application of 45 and 225 kg/ha zinc sulfate and potassium sulfate produced the highest value of these traits. There was no significant difference between the two levels 30 and 45 kg/ha application of zinc sulfate and 150 and 225 kg/ha potassium sulfate. In deficit irrigation application of 30 kg/ha zinc sulfate or 225 kg/ha potassium increased grain yield to normal irrigation values. With the development of deficit irrigation using anti-stress nutrients such as zinc and potassium can be effective in amplification of irrigation methods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Application of drought stress indicators for selecting suitable fertilizer treatments in forage corn
A. R. Dadiyan

      In order to investigate drought indices used to identify the appropriate fertilizer treatments in forage corn, hybrid Maxima (Zea mays var maxima) Separate experiments were conducted during 2014 and 2015 in Arak. The experiment was a split More

      In order to investigate drought indices used to identify the appropriate fertilizer treatments in forage corn, hybrid Maxima (Zea mays var maxima) Separate experiments were conducted during 2014 and 2015 in Arak. The experiment was a split-split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Irrigation treatments consisted of two irrigation levels (I0) and deficit irrigation (I1) as the main factor, Nytroxin in three levels: 0, 0.5 and 1 ml per 30 kg of seed and nitrogen levels of 0, 125 and 250 kg per hectare, which was considered as a minor factor. The results shown that STI, GMP and MP most appropriate indicators to determine the best fertilizer treatments is applied, to achieve the highest production yield both normal irrigation and stress. The maximum yield under both traditional irrigation and drought conditions the treatment combination of 1 ml per 30 kg seed Nitroxin with 250 kg Nitrogen per hectare (No2N2), respectively, which was selected as the most favorable treatment combination.         Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Effect of cut off Irrigation and Foliar Application of Kaolin Clay on Yield and Yield Components of Pumpkin Seed (Cucurbita pepo L.)
M. Khalili F. Nejatzade

One of the most important and valuable plants in the pharmaceutical industry is the hull-less pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. var. Hamedani) plant, which belongs to the cucurbitaceous family. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation and kaoli More

One of the most important and valuable plants in the pharmaceutical industry is the hull-less pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. var. Hamedani) plant, which belongs to the cucurbitaceous family. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation and kaolin clay on yield and yield components of (Cucurbita pepo L.). Experiment was laid out as a split plot design with randomized complete block design with three replications at the field located in Siahbaz village, Khoy district, Iran. The main factors included irrigation at four levels (complete irrigation, deficit irrigation from the shoot stage, deficit irrigation from flowering stage, Deficit irrigation from seed filling stage) and sub-factor including three levels of kaolin (control, 3% kaolin, 6% kaolin) was considered. Analysis of variance showed that the effect of deficit irrigation and kaolin on number of seeds per fruit, fruit yield, 1000 grain weight, grain and biological yield, harvest index, oil and protein percentage, oil yield and protein yield were significant. Analysis of variance showed that irrigation treatment at different growth stages had significant effect on leaf number at 1% probability level, but application of kaolin and interaction of irrigation and kaolin on number of leaves per plant was not significant. The results showed that the highest grain weight (294.55 gr), grain yield (807.2 kg/ha), oil percentage (46.2) and oil yield (373.3 kg/ha) were related to complete irrigation treatment. Irrigation at grain filling stage had no significant effect. Deficit irrigation treatment at the stem stage showed the lowest of studied traits. The highest grain weight (257.07 gr), grain yield (733.7 kg/ha) and fruit yield (23.84 kg/ha) were observed in the 3% kaolin spraying treatment. Kaolin 3% increased oil yield, oil percentage, protein percentage and protein yield compared to control treatment. Interaction between deficit irrigation and kaolin consumption was not significant on any of the traits of pumpkin. According to the results of means of oil and protein yield, complete irrigation and cessation of irrigation at filling of grain, were in a statistical group and there was no significant difference with kaolin 3% and cessation of irrigation in filling of grain, the desired quantitative and qualitative yield can be achieved in Pumpkin.             Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Potato Irrigation Planning based on Moisture depletion using AquaCrop
Mohammad Ali Ansari Aslan Egdernezhad Niazali Ebrahimipak

In order to potato irrigation planning based on moisture depletion, calibrated AquaCrop was used. This model was calibrated using data collected from a research station in Chahartakhteh, Shahrekord, in two years. Then, Aquacrop was implemented under multi run in differe More

In order to potato irrigation planning based on moisture depletion, calibrated AquaCrop was used. This model was calibrated using data collected from a research station in Chahartakhteh, Shahrekord, in two years. Then, Aquacrop was implemented under multi run in different depletion and irrigation scenarios (DyIx; which y indicates depletion amount and x indicates irrigation amount in mm). Results revealed that there was no water stress under 40 mm depletion and 40 mm irrigation. Crop yield and biomass was so low when depletion was more than 80 mm. In order to apply deficit irrigation, depletion must be between 40 to 70 mm. Based on the results, maximum yield was observed for D40I40 (22.6 ton.ha-1) and minimum yield was observed for D70I20 (10.8 ton.ha-1). In the case of water deficit, D60I40, D60I30, and D65I30 were the best scenarios so that the yields for mentioned scenarios were 16.8, 22.2, and 27 percent less than D40I40 yield. Biomass values for mentioned scenarios were 16.6, 21.8, and 26.7 percent less than D40I40 biomass. Water use efficiency for this scenarios were 0.7 (more), 0.7 (less), and 1.9 (less) than D40I40 one. So, D40I40 and D60I40 were the best scenario in full and deficit irrigation, respectively. Manuscript profile

List of Articles Deficit irrigation

Sanad

Links

Related Centers

Technical Support

Official pages