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Open Access Article
1 - Experimental and theoretical investigation of spontaneous and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy of pure and boron-doped carbon nanotubes
H. Hasan Bouzari L. Farhang Matin R. Malekfar A. Shafiekhani -
Open Access Article
2 - Determination of thermodynamic parameters of produced materials from (ATTZ) with boron nitride nano-cages in different conditions of temperature, with DFT method
Roya Ahmadi Elahe Sadat Mirkamali -
Open Access Article
3 - Computational study of energetic, stability, and nuclear magnetic resonance of BN nanotube as a nanosensor
Elham Pournamdari -
Open Access Article
4 - NBO Analysis of Structural and Electronic Properties in B30N20
Rahim Esmkhani Majid Monajjemi -
Open Access Article
5 - A Density Functional Theory Study of Boron Nitride Nano-Ribbons
Mahmoud Mirzaei -
Open Access Article
6 - Computational studies of carbon decorated boron nitride nanocones
A. Nouri M. Mirzaei M. Yousefi -
Open Access Article
7 - Investigating the Effects of Molecular Oxygen Impurity on the Quadrupole Coupling Constants of Boron Nitride Nanotubes: Computational Studies
A. Nouni M. Yousefi M. Mirzaei -
Open Access Article
8 - Theoretical study of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxine removal by boron nitride-nanotube (BNNT): QSAR, IR-DFT
L. Mahdavian -
Open Access Article
9 - Adsorption of Bis(1,4-dinitro toprop-2-yl) Nitramine on Boron Nitride Nano-cages Surfaces: DFT Studies
Roya Ahmadi Maryam Ebrahimikia Elham Pournamdar -
Open Access Article
10 - Boron nitride substituted 12-crown-4 ether: Theoretical study of structural, thermochemical, and nonlinear optical properties
Nasrin Zeighami Asadollah Boshra Ahmad Reza Oliaey -
Open Access Article
11 - Measurement of boron in aqueous solutions containing Zannichellia palustris L. and Ruppia maritima L. with different salinity
Amir Parnian Mostafa Chorom Nematolah JaafarzadehBackground and Objective: Existing of brackish and polluted drainage is one of the environmental problems in the southern Iran region, and also many of these drainages move down to the local wetlands. So the aim of this study was B remediation from three aqueous solutio MoreBackground and Objective: Existing of brackish and polluted drainage is one of the environmental problems in the southern Iran region, and also many of these drainages move down to the local wetlands. So the aim of this study was B remediation from three aqueous solutions with different salinities, by two native hydrophytes of Iran’s southern wetlands.Material and Methodology: In this study, during 120 hours treatment of waters with distinct salinity that contaminated with four different B levels (1, 2, 5, and 10 mg per liter of water), B remediation by two hydrophytes (Zannichellia palustris L. and Ruppia maritima L.) were examined.Findings: The study showed for non-saline water plant uptake a high amount of B and both plant removal efficiency achieved more than 70%. The uptake index of Z. palustris and R. maritima respectively were 0.51 – 8.16 and 0.18 – 8.14 mg pot-1 but these values increased in the saline waters. Biomass production measurement of Z. palustris decreased by increasing B contamination but R. maritima was not affected, and it showed the higher B tolerance of R. maritima.Discussion and Conclusion: Totally, Z. palustris removed more B than R. maritima but the bad effect of salinity on R. maritima less than Z. palustris. The results approved the ability of both plants for B remediation in saline waters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Boron removal from contaminated water by two aquatic plants of Zannichellia palustris L. and Ruppia maritima L.
Amir Parnian Mostafa Chorom Nematolah Jaafarzadeh Haghighi FardBackground and Objective: With the increase of population, the demand for proper water resources is increased. Native Iranian aquatic plants have a significant role in self-remediation of water resources. Phytoremediation by aquatic plants is a low cost and effective wa MoreBackground and Objective: With the increase of population, the demand for proper water resources is increased. Native Iranian aquatic plants have a significant role in self-remediation of water resources. Phytoremediation by aquatic plants is a low cost and effective way to increase the quality of waters for different purposes. Method: In this study, phytoremediation of boron-contaminated aquatic environments was examined by cultivating two aquatic plants of Zannichellia palustris L. and Ruppia maritima L. in the greenhouse over 120 h in boron-contaminated water with adding different concentrations (0, 1, 5 and 10 mg L-1). Conclusion: The obtained results showed that these plants are able to uptake high amount of boron, and the boron removal efficiency in both plants observed to be more than 70%. Uptake indices in Zannichellia palustris L. and Ruppia maritima L. were calculated as 0.51 to 8.16 mg per pot and 0.18 to 8.14 mg per pot, respectively. Biomass production measurement index of Zannichellia palustris L. reduced with increase of boron contamination, while this index for Ruppia maritima L. had no significant change, indicating that Ruppia maritima L. has a higher resistance to boron contamination. According to the results, boron phytoremediation of contaminated waters by these plants is proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Boron effects on the environment and methods to remove it from aqueous solutions
shohreh asgari Azam Monfared Mehrdad FallahBoron is very important micronutrient for plants and animals, which menas essential for growth of them in very small quantities. This is the element of special attention as its deficiency and excess are harmful for many plants and the gap between both these level is ver MoreBoron is very important micronutrient for plants and animals, which menas essential for growth of them in very small quantities. This is the element of special attention as its deficiency and excess are harmful for many plants and the gap between both these level is very narrow. In humans, small amount of boron occur in all tissues but an excess of boron may lead to damage of nervous system. Therefore, boron concentration in drinking water and wastewater is regulated in many countries. The recommended boron content in drinking water according to world health organization (WHO) guideline is 0.5 and according to this limit, the removal of boron from aqueous solution and water is of great environmental and health public health concern. Recently different methods to separate boron from water have been developed. Among them the more effective methods are adsorption processes, membrane processes and hybrid processes. In this manuscript, we presenting knowledge on boron, its properties, sources, effects on environment, plants, animals and new methods for its removal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Microwave Assisted Multi-component Synthesis of 4Hchromene Derivatives by Nano-coconut Shell-BF3 as a New Heterogeneous Catalyst
Hamid Reza Molaei Bahareh Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
15 - Effects of Boron and Zirconium on the Microstructure and High-Temperature Strength of Cast Fe3Al-Based Alloys
M. Rajabi M. Shahmiri M. Ghanbari -
Open Access Article
16 - Improvement of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Manganese Steels by Adding Boron Alloying Element
N. Arab -
Open Access Article
17 - The Influence of Boron Additions on Microstructure and Dry Sliding Wear of Cast FeAl-Based Alloys
M Paryab M Ghanbari Haghighi -
Open Access Article
18 - A Computational Study on Tetranitrocarbazole Interaction with Boron Nitride Nanocage (B12N12)
Mohammad Reza Jalali SarvestaniIn this study, tetranitrocarbazole (TNC) interaction with boron nitride nanocluster was evaluated by infrared (IR), natural bond orbital (NBO) and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) computations. The negative values of adsorption energy, enthalpy changes, Gibbs free energ MoreIn this study, tetranitrocarbazole (TNC) interaction with boron nitride nanocluster was evaluated by infrared (IR), natural bond orbital (NBO) and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) computations. The negative values of adsorption energy, enthalpy changes, Gibbs free energy variations showed TNC adsorption on the surface of B12N12 is exothermic, spontaneous and experimentally feasible. The negative values of entropy changes showed adsorption process is inappropriate due to aggregation in TNC complexes with boron nitride nanocage. The NBO results indicated a monovalent bond is formed between the explosive and the nano-adsorbent with SP3 hybridization and their interaction is a chemisorption. The enhancement of specific heat capacity values of TNC after its adsorption on the surface of nanocage indicated the heat sensitivity of TNC has reduced significantly. Structural parameters including the energy of HOMO and LUMO orbitals, bandgap, electrophilicity, chemical potential, chemical hardness, density and zero-point energy were also calculated and discussed. The remarkable decrease in bandgap after the TNC adsorption on the surface of B12N12 demonstrated that the electrochemical conductivity and electrocatalytic properties decreased after adsorbate interaction with the adsorbent and this boron nitride nanocage can be used for construction of new electrochemical sensor in order to TNC detection and quantitation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Size-Dependent Vibration Problem of Two Vertically-Aligned Single-Walled Boron Nitride Nanotubes Conveying Fluid in Thermal Environment Via Nonlocal Strain Gradient Shell Model
P Roodgar Saffari M Fakhraie M. A Roudbari -
Open Access Article
20 - The influence of applying Boron on life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on bean plants
E. Sadeghi R. Vafaie H. MadaniThe effect of four dose of Boron (0, 1, 1/5. 2 ppm) on the growth parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch was studied on the red Akhtar bean cultivar under constant laboratory conditions (27±2ºC, 70±5%RH and 16L:8D) during 2014–2016. Results show MoreThe effect of four dose of Boron (0, 1, 1/5. 2 ppm) on the growth parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch was studied on the red Akhtar bean cultivar under constant laboratory conditions (27±2ºC, 70±5%RH and 16L:8D) during 2014–2016. Results showed that the immature developmental times of males and females were significantly influenced by Boron. Tetranychus urticae laid significantly more eggs per day on control. The egg hatching percentage varied from88.25 to 94.20 percent. The minimum intrinsic rate of increase (rm) 0.210±0.01 (female/female/day), while the highest was recorded for 2 ppm tests 0.73±0.2 (female/female/day). The lowest net reproductive rate of female (R0) was observed in 2 ppm dose (4.2.±2/04) while thehighest was in control treatment (12.10±0.06) (female/female/generation). The lowest intrinsic rate of increase (λ) (0.93±1.02) was obtained in 2 ppm treatments, whenever 0 ppm treatment displayed the highest values of these parameters (1.230±1.40). The mean generation time varied from 15.2±0.24 day to 11.65±0.5 days. Doubling time (DT) varied significantly on different tests. The longest was in 2 ppm and the shortest was in control treatment. Therefore, the results have proved that 2 ppm sample has excellent potential for applying in Integrated Pest Management of Tetranychus urticae. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Mechanically Activated Combustion Synthesis of B4C-TiB2 Nanocomposite Powder
Maryam shojaie bahaabad -
Open Access Article
22 - Investigating the Effects of Boron and Zirconium on the High-Temperature Fatigue Behavior of Nimonic 105 Super Alloy
Zahra Asghary Masumeh Seifollahi Maryam Morakabati Seyed Mahdi Abbasi -
Open Access Article
23 - An air stable and efficient palladium catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction at room temperature
Raheleh Pourkaveh Hirbod Karimi -
Open Access Article
24 - Fabrication Of Novel Metal-Free Phosphorous Doped Boron Nitride As UV. Active Photo-Catalyst
Shinwar A. Idrees Lazgin A. Jamil Khalid M. Omer -
Open Access Article
25 - A glassy carbon electrode modified with boron-doped graphene oxide/ polyaspartic acid for electrochemical determination of oxazepam
Maryam Behravan Hossein Aghaie Masoud Giahi Laleh Maleknia -
Open Access Article
26 - Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction catalyzed using highly efficient CN-dimeric ortho-palladated complex under microwave irradiation and conventional heating
Abdol Reza Hajipour Fatemeh Abrishami Fatemeh Rafiee -
Open Access Article
27 - Effects of Boron Priming On The Chemicals And Antioxidant Of Quinoa seedling
Ali Mansouri Heshmat Omidi Amir Bostani -
Open Access Article
28 - Genotypic differences in response to boron deficiency in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plants and the interaction of boron deficiency with deficiency of other nutrients in hydroponic medium
zahra bahmani Roghieh HajibolandOilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the important economic plants cultivated in Iran. Boron (B) and iron (Fe) as micronutrients and calcium (Ca) as a macronutrient are essential for higher plants and inadequate supply of these nutrients causes nutritional disorde MoreOilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the important economic plants cultivated in Iran. Boron (B) and iron (Fe) as micronutrients and calcium (Ca) as a macronutrient are essential for higher plants and inadequate supply of these nutrients causes nutritional disorders. Boron deficiency (–B) is a widespread nutritional deficiency in oilseed rape throughout the world and this species has been known as a susceptible species to B deficiency. In this study, the responses of six genotypes of oilseed rape plants to B deficiency were investigated in the hydroponic medium. In addition, the interaction between B deficiency and deficiency of Fe (–Fe–B) and Ca (–B–Ca) were examined in hydroponically grown oilseed rape (cv. Hayola) plants. Results showed that B deficiency decreased shoot and root biomass and root length, decreased B content, chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange parameters. 'Opera' was the most susceptible and 'Okapi' the most tolerant genotype to B deficiency. The simultaneous deficiency of B and Fe (–Fe–B), B and Ca (–B–Ca) strongly reduced shoot and root growth, enhanced the release of protons leading to acidification of the rhizosphere and caused higher K+ leakage from the roots and reduction of B content both in the roots and leaves. Our results showed a considerable genotypic difference in oilseed rape plants in response to B deficiency. Our data further demonstrated the intensifying effect of inadequate supply of Fe and Ca on B deficiency in oilseed rape plants Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Effects of calbron and calcium chloride on some quantity and quality traits of Red, Golden delicious and Fuji apple on MM106 rootstock
Seyed m Mousavi بهروز Arabloo اکبر Gh M/ حسین زاده masoud shahmoradiThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of calbron and calcium chloride on some quantity and quality traits of Red, Golden delicious and Fuji apple on MM106 in an factorial trial in randomized completely block design with 3 replications. Percentage initial and final fr MoreThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of calbron and calcium chloride on some quantity and quality traits of Red, Golden delicious and Fuji apple on MM106 in an factorial trial in randomized completely block design with 3 replications. Percentage initial and final fruit drop, fruit weight, vitamin C, total soluble solids, titretable acidity, pH were determined. The results indicate that the highest effects on the initial and secondary fruit drop relating to Red delicious (18.54, 43.33%) and the lowest ones on Fuji (14.76, 39.18%). Also, increasing the amount of vitamin C in Fuji and Golden Delicious cultivars, by spraying calcium chloride was observed in comparison with control. No significant differences were found in pH and acidity in Fuji and Red Delicious with control. Spraying with calcium chloride followed the greatest impact on the amount of total soluble solid in the Fuji cultivar. The different cultivars that we used in this experiment, in addition, the presence of genetic many of the characters were different too. That showed different response to the treatments that we used. In conclusion foliar applications of calbron and calcium chloride have the greatest effect on Fuji and the lowest ones on Red delicious apple. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Effects of humic acid and fertilizer containing calcium and boron (Calboron) on vegetative and reproductive properties of strawberry in soil-less culture system
M. Hosseini farahi R. Ameri Fahliani F. YosefiIn order to evaluate the effects of foliar application of Calboron (Cal) and Humic Acid (HA) on vegetative and reproductive growth of strawberry (Fragaria ananasa Duch.) cv ‘Aromas’ a factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized block desi MoreIn order to evaluate the effects of foliar application of Calboron (Cal) and Humic Acid (HA) on vegetative and reproductive growth of strawberry (Fragaria ananasa Duch.) cv ‘Aromas’ a factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized block design in hydroponic greenhouse. Treatments were included Cal in 0, 1.5, 3 and 4.5 and HA in 0, 1.5, 3 and 4.5 gl-1 concentrations. Chlorophyll index, plant yield, number of fruit per plant, length to diameter ratio (L/D) of fruit, total soluble solid (TSS), photosynthesis rate and fruit firmness were measured. Results indicated that application of Cal and HA were effective of yield, number of fruit, L/D, SPAD, TSS and fruit firmness. The highest yield, number of fruit and fruit firmness were obtained in interaction of Cal 4.5 and HA 3gL-1. The plants sprayed with Cal and HA had not significantly effect on photosynthesis rate. In general, application of Cal and HA for increasing quantitative and qualitative of strawberry cv ‘Aromas’ is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Boron trifluoride etherate; highly efficient catalyst for synthesis of tert-butylamides via modified Ritter reaction in solvent free condition
Masoud Mokhtary Faranak Najafizadeh -
Open Access Article
32 - Effect of Boron on Buds and Flowers Number of Tagetes Erecta in Ahvaz Climate
KAZEM BOHLOLZADE ALI GHOLAMI EBRAHIM PANAHPOUR -
Open Access Article
33 - Investigating of boron and zinc compound application on corn seed set in Mazandaran environment, Iran
M. Mohseni M. H. Haddadi R. ValiolahporIn some corn fields, in different parts of Iran, the phenomenon of partly grain free ear is observed. This phenomenon can severely decreases corn yield. Although most researchers, mention that this phenomenon is the result of moisture and heat stresses at the time of po MoreIn some corn fields, in different parts of Iran, the phenomenon of partly grain free ear is observed. This phenomenon can severely decreases corn yield. Although most researchers, mention that this phenomenon is the result of moisture and heat stresses at the time of pollination, but some other researches believed that it is due to the nutritional factors, especially Boron and Zinc nutritional elements. In order to examine the effect of zinc and boron application on corn grain production, an experiment was conducted at Gharakhil Agricultural research station in Ghaemshahr during the 2003-2006. The experiment was factorial and conducted in the field as a Randomized Complete Block Design, with 20 treatments, and 3 replications. The treatments were composed of five level of zinc (O, 8, 16 and 24 kg.ha-1 in soil and foliar application of ZnSO4 with 0.5 percent concentration) and four levels of Boron (0, 20 and 40 kg.ha-1 of boric acid in soil and foliar application of boric acid with 0.3 percent concentration), and finally their means were compared. The result from Mazandaran experiment, showed that application of Zinc caused a significant increased in grain yield ( = 5%), but application of Boron individually or Zinc in combination with Boron, had not significant effect on grain yield. The maximum grain yield (10380 kg.ha-1) was obtained due to application of 120 kg. ha-1 ZnS04 and 40 kg. ha-1 Boric Acid, which produced more yield (1415 kg. ha-1). The application of Zinc individually had only a significant effect on the length of corn ear and plant height, but application of Zn + Born had significant effect on length and diameter of corn ear percent of partly grain free and their effect on other studied parameters were not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Applying Nanocomposite Ni-B-ZrO2 Coating By Electroless Method on Steel CK45 and Study its Tribological Properties
yaser zakery nia Reza Bazargan LariElectroless nickel boron coatings usually due to wear and corrosion resistance that is well regarded. Electroless nickel boron through the chemical reduction of nickel ions on the surface of the catalytic caused and controlled until the solution is in contact with the r MoreElectroless nickel boron coatings usually due to wear and corrosion resistance that is well regarded. Electroless nickel boron through the chemical reduction of nickel ions on the surface of the catalytic caused and controlled until the solution is in contact with the reaction continues. In this study, Ni-B-ZrO2 nano composite coating was made by adding 4 g⁄l of ZrO2 nano particles to nickel – boron electroless solution on samples of CK45 steel; Then the coated samples heat treated for one hour at 400℃. The morphology and chemical compound was examined using SEM equipped by EDX. Electrochemical corrosion behavior of coatings in 3.5 showed by adding ZrO2nano particles the corrosion resistant of coatings improves. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the coating after the heat treatment hadn't a protective effect And substrate are vulnerable to corrosion. Abrasion behavior by pin on disk test was measured at ambient temperature and Vickers hardness was measured by a micro hardness testing machine devices. The results showed that adding zirconia nanoparticles to the amount of 4g⁄l increased hardness and wear resistance of the coating. Coating composite samples of nickel - boron – zirconia without heat treatment the best results for the three parameters simultaneously high hardness, abrasion resistance and excellent corrosion resistance was good. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Effect of activated carbon additive on microstructure and phase composition of reaction bonded boron carbide ceramic
Ahmad bayat Omid Mirzaee Hamidreza BaharvandiAbstract Boron carbide is highly regarded because of many properties such as high hardness, high Young’s modulus, low density and etc. however, application of B4C is rather limited due to difficulties in densification and low fracture toughness. In this research, MoreAbstract Boron carbide is highly regarded because of many properties such as high hardness, high Young’s modulus, low density and etc. however, application of B4C is rather limited due to difficulties in densification and low fracture toughness. In this research, uniaxial press at constant pressure of 140 MPa was applied to fabrication of boron carbide porous preforms. B4C powder with size of 43µm, activated carbon with the amount of 0,5,10 Wt.% and phenolic resin powder as a binder and Porosity-causing agent with the amount of 9 Wt.%, were used as raw materials. Infiltration operation with molten silicon had performed in vacuum furnace in temperature 1600 °C. β-SiC phase produced from silicon and carbon that caused the volume density and strength properties of specimens during infiltration process. Residual silicon was decreased from 35%.vol to 18 vol.% with increasing activated carbon contents, on the contrary, secondary silicon carbide had increasing continuously from 10%.vol to 2 vol.%. Decreasing in residual silicon and increasing in β-SiC phase determined by Image analysis software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The effect of nanodiamond concentration on wear behavior of nickel-boron-nanodiamond composite coatings
Seyyed Saber Mirhosseini farzad mahboubiOne of the most important finishing operations that is usually performed as the final process when producing a part is the modification of surface properties with surface engineering operations. Many metals can be coated by the electroless-coating method. Electroless ni MoreOne of the most important finishing operations that is usually performed as the final process when producing a part is the modification of surface properties with surface engineering operations. Many metals can be coated by the electroless-coating method. Electroless nickel-boron coatings have been widely used in the industry due to their cheap price and uniform coating capability. In this article, nickel-boron-nanodiamond electroless coating with different concentrations of nanodiamond was applied on AISI 4140 steel, and its structural properties and wear behavior were investigated. The structural properties of the coatings were investigated with the help of X-ray diffraction tests, scanning electron microscopy, and hardness test. Also, the friction coefficient and wear properties of the samples were studied using the pin-on-disc test. The results show that with the increase in nanodiamond concentration, the structure of the coating changes from amorphous to semi-crystalline. In addition, the electron microscope images and the hardness test results show that adding nanodiamonds to the electroless bath increases the hardness. Adding nanodiamonds to a concentration of 0.5 g/L improved the wear resistance and reduced the friction coefficient. However, increasing the concentration of nanodiamonds up to 1 g/L due to the agglomeration of nanodiamonds caused an increase in the specific wear rate of the coating. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The effect of addition nano boron carbide on the mechanical properties and pressurless sintering of B4C-5% vol TiB2 composites
Nahid Ahmadi Hamaidreza Baharvandi Naser EhsaniIn this study the effect of the addition of nano boron carbide on mechanical properties and sintering behavior of B 4 C-TiB 2 composite has been investigated. 0, 7, 14 and 20 wt% nano boron carbide were added to the starting powder and sintered by pressurless sinte MoreIn this study the effect of the addition of nano boron carbide on mechanical properties and sintering behavior of B 4 C-TiB 2 composite has been investigated. 0, 7, 14 and 20 wt% nano boron carbide were added to the starting powder and sintered by pressurless sintering at 2200 ° C. Under the experimental conditions of this study, the maximum properties of boron carbide composite with 20 wt% nano boron carbide was obtained so that the relative density equal to 97/2 %, micro- hardness was 31/9 GPa, and fracture toughness was 3/59 MPa.m 1/2 . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Reviewing the effect of oxidizing sintering aids on sinterability behavior of boron carbide composites (B4C)
Mehdi Shakori Mina Saeeidi heidari Hamidreza BaharvandiBoron carbide because of properties such as high hardness, high Young's modulus and low density is highly regarded, however due to difficulties in sintering ability, low fracture toughness and low oxidation resistance at temperatures greater than 1000 ° C, its appli MoreBoron carbide because of properties such as high hardness, high Young's modulus and low density is highly regarded, however due to difficulties in sintering ability, low fracture toughness and low oxidation resistance at temperatures greater than 1000 ° C, its application is limited relatively. Obtaining a high-density boron carbide by conventional methods is very difficult and costly because of the high melting point, covalently bonded, its low self-diffusion and high vapor pressure. Many of researches have been done to improve the sintering condition by different methods and using various kinds of sintering aids. It is often observed that small amounts of oxides have been more effective on sintering improvement of non-oxidizing ceramics. In this paper, the effect of different oxidizing sintering aids has been reported on sintering behavior and mechanical properties of boron carbide. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - تحلیل ارتعاشات آزاد تیر تیموشنکو تقویتشده با نانولولههای نیتریدبور بر روی بستر ارتجاعی
ایلدا عبداللهی محمدحسین یاسدر این مقاله به بررسی ارتعاشات آزاد تیر نانوکامپوزیتی پایه پلیمری تقویت شده با نانولولههای نیترید بور بر روی بستر الاستیک پرداخته شده است. نانولولهها صاف، بدون نقص و با جهت گیری یکنواخت و مستقیم در ماتریس در نظر گرفته شده است. نحوهی توزیع نانولوله­ها در راس Moreدر این مقاله به بررسی ارتعاشات آزاد تیر نانوکامپوزیتی پایه پلیمری تقویت شده با نانولولههای نیترید بور بر روی بستر الاستیک پرداخته شده است. نانولولهها صاف، بدون نقص و با جهت گیری یکنواخت و مستقیم در ماتریس در نظر گرفته شده است. نحوهی توزیع نانولوله­ها در راستای ضخامت تیر به صورت یک توزیع یکنواخت و سه توزیع هدفمند متفاوت در نظر گرفته شده است. خواص تیر نانوکامپوزیتی با استفاده از یک مدل میکرومکانیکی بدست آمده و معادلات حاکم بر اساس تئوری تیر تیموشنکو و با استفاده از اصل همیلتون استخراج شده است. معادلات حاکم با استفاده از روش دیفرانسیل کوادریچر تعمیم یافته حل شده و فرکانسهای طبیعی تیر بدست آمده است. در ادامه تاثیر پارامترهای مختلف از قبیل کسر حجمی نانولوله، نحوهی توزیع نانولوله در راستای ضخامت تیر، نوع بستر الاستیک، شرایط مرزی مختلف و نسبت لاغری تیر بر روی فرکانس طبیعی بررسی شده است. نتایج بدست آمده نشان میدهد که تغییر هر کدام از این پارامترها تاثیر بسزایی بر روی فرکانس طبیعی دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Effect of iron, manganese and boron micronutrients on some morphological and quantitative characteristics of sugar beet seed
masomeh nasiri raouf ssharifi. In order to influence the micronutrient elements on sugar beet seed, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications of Ardebil Agricultural Research Station. The treatments consisted of the lack of spraying (control) and spray More. In order to influence the micronutrient elements on sugar beet seed, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications of Ardebil Agricultural Research Station. The treatments consisted of the lack of spraying (control) and spraying with iron, manganese, boron, iron and manganese, iron and boron, boron, manganese and iron, manganese and boron. Each plot consisted of six planting lines with a length of 6 meters and a spacing of 65 centimeters. Seed roots were planted with 50 × 65 cm arrangement (plant density of 3.08 plants /m2). The results of the experiment showed that the effect of treatments on dry weight of branch and dry weight of the whole seed was significant at 1% probability level. Comparison of the averages showed that the fertilizer combination of 4 in 1000 (boron and manganese) in morphological traits was superior to other fertilizer compounds. Also, the effect of micronutrient treatment on seed weight was higher than standard size and seed weight higher than 4.5 mm at 1% probability level. Among the compounds used, the fertilizer combination of 4 in 1000 (Iron and boron) was superior to other fertilizers in terms of traits related to seed traits in addition to increasing the above mentioned traits, weight loss was less effective than control. Therefore, these two combinations of fertilizers (Iron+boron and Boron+ Manganese)are recommended as the best fertilizer levels for achieving high yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Effect of zinc and boron micronutrient and chelated nano-fertilizers foliar application on yield and yield components of wheat in Khorramabad region
Mahdi Jamali Ali Khorgami In order to investigation Effect of zinc and boron micronutrient and chelated nano-fertilizersfoliar application on yield and yield components of wheat in Khorramabad region, a factorialexperiment in the form of complete randomized block design with three replicat More In order to investigation Effect of zinc and boron micronutrient and chelated nano-fertilizersfoliar application on yield and yield components of wheat in Khorramabad region, a factorialexperiment in the form of complete randomized block design with three replications was carriedout in mamolan lorestan region in 2019-2020. In this experiment, two factors were examined.The first factor includes zinc and boron micronutrient foliar application in 3 levels (control,two per thousand and four per thousand) and the second factor includes nano-fertilizer foliarapplication in 4 levels (control, two per thousand, four per thousand and six per thousand).Micro consumption elements and chelate nano-fertilize comprise boron and zinc and microcomplete respectively. The experimental results showed that foliar application of lowconsumption elements (zinc and boron) had positive effect on all the studied traits. Also, foliarapplication of chelate fertilizer showed significant effect on all studied traits except for harvestindex. The highest Seed yield (4442 kg /ha) and 1000 seed weight (38/87 g) were observed intwo per thousand of micronutrients and six per thousand of chelate nano-fertilizer. Due to thepositive effects of micronutrients consuming in increasing the yield of crops and due to thewidespread shortage of these elements in agricultural lands, it is necessary to pay specialattention to these important nutrients in agricultural projects and soil fertility managementprograms and plant nutrition, to be able to harvest more and better quality products in order tomeet the nutritional needs and improve the health of people in the community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The effect of Nitrogen and Boron on Yield and Sugar Content of two Varieties of Sugar Beet
خليل خليلو فرزاد جلیلیTo study the effect of nitrogen and boron on yield and sugar content of two varieties of sugar beet, an experiment was carried out in split-split plots at RCBD in three replications with three factors in the personal field of Khoy area. 1st factor with two levels of var MoreTo study the effect of nitrogen and boron on yield and sugar content of two varieties of sugar beet, an experiment was carried out in split-split plots at RCBD in three replications with three factors in the personal field of Khoy area. 1st factor with two levels of variety, Flores ( a1 ) and Iranian variety of 004 ( a2 ), 2nd factor with two levels of nitrogen which consisted of soil testing ( b1 ) and 1.5-time soil testing ( b2 ) and 3rd factor with three levels of boron which consisted of no-use ( b1 ), foliar ( b2 ) and soil ( b3 ) application. The result showed that variety had meaningful effect on root length; the highest root length was 32.25 cm in 004 ( a2 ) variety. The effect of nitrogen was meaningful in diameter, length and dry weight of root. The highest content of this factor was in 1.5 time of soil testing of nitrogen usage. The effect of boron on root dry weight, root yield, sugar and molasses content were meaningful. The different methods of boron application showed that maximum rate in all traits was attained with the soil usage of this element. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - A theoretical study of the stability of Alkylating Agent drug Chlorambucil with carbon nanotubes and boron nitride nanotubes: Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics (QM/MM) Methods
Mohammad Hassan Jamshidi Neda Hasanzadeh Hooriye Yahyaei Amir BahramiNanotubes serve as a means to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy drugs and facilitate more efficient drug delivery to target tissues. This study focuses on two types of nanocarriers: single-walled carbon nanotubes and boron nitride nanotubes, each of which carries MoreNanotubes serve as a means to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy drugs and facilitate more efficient drug delivery to target tissues. This study focuses on two types of nanocarriers: single-walled carbon nanotubes and boron nitride nanotubes, each of which carries a drug with an alkylating agent: chlorambucil. This research investigates the stability of these carriers at different temperatures and solvent conditions. Using quantum mechanical calculation methods, the interaction between the anticancer medicinal compounds chlorambucil with two nanocarriers (carbon nanotubes and boron nitride nanotubes) was investigated in a range of temperatures and different solvent environments. Checking the thermodynamic parameters through molecular mechanics calculations, the hardness, polarity, Gibbs free energy parameters, as well as the HOMO and LUMO gap of the compounds were calculated. Also, using molecular mechanics calculations, optimal force fields and lowest energy states were determined in each solvent. The findings of this research are promising for the development of targeted drug delivery systems and the preservation of these vital medicinal compounds. Manuscript profile